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SOCIETE BELGE DE MALACOLOGIE

C. VlLVENS

NOVAPEX 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

New species and new records of Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea

(Gastropoda) from French Polynesia

Claude VlLVENS

Rue de Hermalle, 113 - B-4680 Oupeye, Belgium

Scientific Collaborator, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.

vilvens. claude@skynet. be

LIBRARY

^■PHILADEI-P^^

KEYWORDS. Gastropoda, Société, Australes, Tarava, Calliotropidae, Chilodontidae,

Cantharidinae, Calliostomatidae, Margaritinae, Calliotropis, Herpetopoma, Thalotia, Calliostoma,

Gaza , new species.

ABSTRACT. New records of eight known Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea species from French

Polynesia area are listed, extending the distribution area of some of them. Seven new species are

described and compared with similar species: Calliotropis amtnos n. sp., Herpetopomapoichilum

n. sp., Thalotia tiaraeides n. sp., T. khlimax n. sp., T. polysarchosa n. sp., Calliostoma (Fautor)

lepton n. sp., Gaza polychoronos n. sp.

RESUME. De nouveaux relevés de huit espèces connues de Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea

provenant de Polynésie Française sont listés, étendant ainsi faire de distribution d'un certain

nombre d'entre elles. Sept nouvelles espèces sont décrites et comparées avec des espèces

similaires : Calliotropis ammos n. sp., Herpetopoma poichilum n. sp., Thalotia tiaraeides n. sp., T.

khlimax n. sp., T. polysarchosa n. sp., Calliostoma (Fautor) lepton n. sp., Gaza polychoronos n.

sp.

INTRODUCTION

The deep-water fauna of the south-westem Pacific

is poorly known and not very documented. In the last

décades occurred only a few books (Salvat & Rives,

1975; 1990) or papers (Cernohorsky, 1980; Trôndlé &

Boutet, 2009; Vilvens, 2009b) about Polynesian

shells; because some of these shells also occur in

Hawaiian Islands, two recent books about Hawaiian

malacofauna (K.ay, 1979; Severn, 2011) can

sometimes be useful. At the présent time, one can

mention that a team of malacologists (with

J.Letourneux and R.Gourguet as contacts) is planning

a compendium of the French Polynesian sea shells.

This explains the huge interest of deep-water material

from French Polynesia brought recently in MNHN by

the two campaigns BENTHAUS and TARASOC.

The BENTHAUS expédition was conducted in

November 2002 aboard R.V. A lis by IRD (Institut de

Recherche pour le Développement) with B. Richer de

Forges as mission leader. It surveyed the Austral

Islands from Southwest to northeast (in an area

covering 21°-29°S to 153°-140°W) from 60 to 1350

meters depth, with the aim to study the fauna living in

these waters, especially zoo-benthos organisms like

molluscs and crustaceans, and to perform seamounts

cartography of this area. Dredging has been performed

at 134 stations and trawling at 19 stations.

More recently, the TARASOC campaign was

conducted in September and October 2009 aboard

R.V. Alis by IRD and MNHN (Département

Systématique & Evolution) with P. Bouchet as

mission leader. The aim was to explore the fauna

living on the benthos of Société Islands and the

Tarava seamounts and to study the relations between

isolation of these seamounts and their biodiversity, in

partnership with MarBOL (Marine Barcode Of Life)

project and CenSeam (Census of Marine Life on

Seamounts) program. The Tarava Seamounts are 700

km long, are much older (about 35 to 50 million

years) than Société seamounts and hâve some

submarine summits reaching 600 to 900 m depth; they

hâve been discovered in 1996 by the ZEPOLYF (Zone

Economique de la Polynésie Française) program and

no biological survey was ever undertaken in this area.

During this campaign leaded in an area covering 15°-

20°S to 155°-148°W, 213 dredging and trawling

operations hâve been performed.

The présent paper reports new records and new

species of Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea species

collected during these two campaigns.

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

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Map 1 : French Polynesia : global location of MNHN campaigns -

: BENTHAUS campaign;

: TARASOC campaign / leg 1 (1) : Tarava Seamounts;

: TARASOC campaign / leg 1 (2) : Tuamotu Archipelago;

: TARASOC campaign / leg 2 : Société Islands.

Material and methods

The material studied in the présent paper was

brought by the ÏRD-MNHN expéditions BENTHAUS

(29/10/2002-28/11/2002) and TARASOC

(20/09/2009-27/10/2009). Some information about

intertidal and low subtidal species was brought by

J.Letourneux and his team of French Polynesian

malacologists.

Samples studied belong to superfamilies

Trochoidea and Seguenziodea; the Solariellidae

samples hâve been kept aside for another study using

among other things DNA sequences (Vilvens and

Williams, in préparation).

Regarding the distribution of the new species and

the extension of the distribution of known species, the

range is taken from the internai intervals of the two

extremes values. This range of the known and new

species is provided for ail the available specimens and

also for the only living specimens if they hâve been

found; when these ranges are the same, the common

range is cited once with the "(living)” annotation; if ail

the specimens are dead collected, the range is cited

with the "(dead)" annotation.

Regarding the description methodology, the main

conchological features used are (see Text Figure 1

below):

♦ general shape of the shell (depressed, high spired

- conical, cyrtoconoidal, coeloconoidal);

♦ shape of the whorls (convex, concave, straight -

with or without shoulder or keel);

♦ spiral cords of the whorls (ontogeny, number,

beads, strength);

♦ spiral cords on the base (number, beads, distance

between);

♦ shape of the aperture, the outer and the inner lip.

C. VlLVENS

NOVAPEX 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

Text Figure 1 : Features of shells; H : height; W : width; HA : height of the aperture; PI, P2, P3,... : primary

cords; SI, S2, S3, ... : secondary cords; Tl, T2, ... : tertiary cords (shell : Calliostoma (Fautor) chlorum

Vilvens, 2005, Fiji, BORDAU 1, stn DW1454, 13.6 x 10.4 mm).

Abbreviations

Repositories

MNHN : Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris,

France.

NHMUK : Natural History Muséum of United

Kingdom, London, England.

NMP : National Muséum of the Philippines, Manda,

Philippines.

Other abbreviations

H : height

W : width

HA : height of the aperture

TW : number of teleoconch whorls

P1,P2, P3,... : primary cords (PI is the most

adapical)

Pi : group of the primary cords (i=l,2,...)

S1,S2, S3,... : secondary cords (SI is the most

adapical)

Si : group of the secondary cords (i=l,2,...)

Tl, T2, T3, ... : tertiary cords (numbered following

appearing order)

Ti : set of the tertiary cords (i=l,2,...)

stn : station

lv : live-taken specimens présent in sample

dd : no live-taken specimens présent in sample

sub : subadult specimen

juv : juvénile specimen

o. d. : original désignation

s.d. : subséquent désignation

p. c. : personal communication

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

SYSTEMATICS

I follow here the classification of Williams et al.

(2008, 2010) where, among other things :

♦ Calliotropidae and Chilodontidae are ranked as

families of superfamily Seguenzioidea, not

subfamilies of Chilodontidae sensu Bouchet & Rocroi

(2005);

♦ Calliostomatidae are ranked as a family of

superfamily Trochoidea (besides true Trochidae and

other families as Solariellidae), as did the fïrst

Marshall (1995a) who erected the group to the family

level.

Superfamily SEGUENZIOIDEA Verrill, 1884

Family CALLIOTROPIDAE Hickman & McLean,

1990

Genus Calliotropis Seguenza, 1903

Type species: Trochus ottoi Philippi, 1844 (by o.d.) -

Pliocene-Pleistocene, Italy.

Calliotropis oros marquisensis Vilvens, 2007

Figs 1-6

Calliotropis oros marquisensis Vilvens, 2007: 52,

223, figs 124-129. Type locality: Marquesas Islands,

Hiva Oa Island, 500-525 m.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Société

Islands. TARASOC: stn DW3418, 16°33'S,

151°48’W, 580-618 m, I juv dd. - Stn CP3436,

16°43'S, 151°26'W, 430 m, 13 lv, 2 dd sub. - Stn

CP3437, 16°41'S, 151°26'W, 440-560 m, 1 dd. - Stn

CP3438, 16°41'S, 151°26'W, 638-700 m, 16 dd, 2 dd

sub, 6 dd juv. - Stn CP3440, 16°40’S, 151°25'W,

650-800 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3442, 16°41'S, 151°26'W,

515-550 m, 12 dd. - Stn DW3447, 16°42'S,

151°31'W, 620-700 m, 4 dd, 5 dd sub, 3 dd juv. - Stn

DW3450, 16°40'S, 151°32'W, 705-755 m, 8 dd. - Stn

DW3457, 16°45'S, 151°24'W, 520-572 m, 5 lv, 2 lv

sub. - Stn DW3459, 17°28'S, 149°48’W, 485-560 m, 1

dd. - Stn DW3460, 17°28'S, 149°50'W, 660-680 m’ 1

dd sub. - Stn DW3461, 17°27'S, 149°49'W, 844-

877 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3462, 17°27'S, 149°50'W,

1000-1145 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3463, 17°34'S,

149°54'W, 460-505 m, 2 dd. - Stn DW3468, 17°34's'

149°54'W, 800-870 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3474, 17°28's’

149°50'W, 720 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3478, 17°31'S,

149°45'W, 678-810 m, 1 lv. - Stn DW3486, 17°48’s'

149°22’W, 660-920 m, 5 lv. - Stn DW3488, 17°48'S,

149°22’W, 390-790 m, 6 lv, 4 dd sub. - Stn DW3490

17°48'S, 149°23'W, 720-1000 m, 2 lv. - Stn DW3494-

3495, 17°27/28'S, 149°26/27’W, 556-859 m, 1 dd, 1

dd sub. - Stn DW3497, 17°43'S, 149°14'W,

365-850 m, 2 dd. - Stn DW3499, 17°41'S, 149°17'w’

550-700 m, 3 dd. - Stn DW3506, 17°36’S, 149°38'w’

380 m, 1 dd. - Stn without name, 300-900 m, 28 lv, 8

dd sub, 3 dd juv.

Distribution. French Polynesia, Marquesas Islands,

alive in 500-660, shells in 408-1150 m (Vilvens,

2007); Société Islands, alive in 430-720, shells in

380-1000 m.

Calliotropis am/rtos n. sp.

Colour Figs A1-A2, Figs 7-13, Table 1

Type material. Holotype (22.4 x 22.7 mm) MNHN

(24960). Paratypes: 5 MNHN (24961, 24962, 24963,

24964, 24965), 1 coll. C.Vilvens.

Type locality. Tuamotu Archipelago, Kaukura,

TARASOC, stn DW3378, 15°38'S, 146°51’W,

887-890 m.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Tuamotu

Archipelago. TARASOC: stn DW3349, 15°05'S,

148°03'W, 976-997 m, 1 dd sub. - Stn DW3362,

17°27'S, 149°50'W, 1000-1145 m, 1 dd sub. - Stn

DW3374, 15°39'S, 146°54’W, 703-790 m, 1 lv

(paratype), 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3377, 15°38'S,

146°53'W, 780-825 m, 2 dd (with paratype), 2 lv sub,

2 dd juv. - Stn DW3378, 15°38’S, 146°51'W,

887-890 m, 2 lv (holotype and paratype). - Stn

DW3379, 15°38'S, 146°51'W, 800 m, 3 lv (with

paratypes), 1 lv sub. - Stn DW3399, 15°5l'S,

148°18'W, 1180-1308 m, 1 dd sub.

French Polynesia, Société Islands. TARASOC: stn

DW3426, 16°41'S, 151°03'W, 801-874 m, 1 lv

(paratype). - Stn DW3434, 16°42’S, 151°03'W,

700-785 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3439, 16°43'S,

151°25'W, 800 m, 1 ddjuv. - Stn DW3442, 16°41'S,

151°26'W, 515-550 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3461,

17°27'S, 149°49'W, 844-877 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3462,

17°27'S, 149°50'W, 1000-1145 m, 1 dd. - Stn

DW3474, 17°28'S, 149°50'W, 720 m, 1 dd.

Distribution. French Polynesia, Tuamotu

Archipelago, alive in 790-887 m, shells in

790-1180 m; Société Islands, alive in 801-874 m,

shells in 550-1000 m.

Diagnosis. A rather big white Calliotropis species

with a moderately elevated, more or less conical spire

and a rounded periphery, 4 granular spiral cords on

last whorls; size of beads of cords decreasing in size

tiom adapical part to abapical part; convex base with 5

spiral cords; broad umbilicus covered by a deep-set

septum.

Description. Shell of rather big size for the genus

(height up to 24.5 mm, width up to 23.8 mm), more or

less as high as wide, rather thin, conical; spire

moderately elevated, height 0.9x to 1 ,lx width, 2.5x to

3.0x aperture height; broad umbilicus.

Protoconch of about 500-550 pm, of 1 whorl, dôme

shaped, without terminal varix.

C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

Teleoconch up to 7.1 convex whorls, bearing 4 spiral

granular cords different in size; nodules from cords

produced on first whorls by intersections with axial

ribs; axial sculpture on intermediate whorls consisting

in prosocline threads in area between spiral cords;

axial sculpture very weak on last whorls. Suture

visible, not canaliculated.

First whorl convex, sculptured by 20-25 slightly

prosocline smooth, rather strong ribs; interspace

between ribs 2x broader than ribs; primary cord P2

and P3 appearing almost immediately; P2 weaker than

P3. On second whorl, P2 and P3 stronger, beads of P3

sharp pointed. On third whorl, PI appearing, weaker

other cords; P2 doser to PI than to P3; beads of P2

and P3 similar in size. On fourth whorl, PI almost as

strong as other cords; axial ribs enlarging, still strong;

thin prosocline threads appearing between rib; P4

emerging partially from suture, beads smaller and

more numerous than those of P2 and P3. On fifth

whorl, axial ribs vanishing while axial threads still

visible and even stronger; beads of PI. P2 and P3

bluntly pointed, similar in size, distance between

about 1.5x size of bead; beads of P4 3x more

numerous and much smaller than beads of other cords.

On sixth whorl, number of beads of P3 increasing;

axial threads weakening, but still visible. On last

whorls, P4 peripheral; beads of spiral cords decreasing

in strength and increasing in number (about 1.5x)

from adapical to abapical cord; beads of P4 close

together, about 2x more numerous and smaller than

those of PI ; prosocline threads almost obsolète.

Aperture subelliptic, vertically elongated; outer lip

rather thin, flared at rim.

Columella more or less straight, strongly oblique,

without tooth.

Base convex, with 5 spiral cords, outermost cords

almost smooth, two innermost cords subgranular to

granular; distance between outermost cords slightly

greater than distance between the two innermost

cords; axial ribs between spiral cords very weak,

giving to interspaces a smooth appearance.

Umbilicus wide, diameter 27% to 33% of shell width,

deep, funnel shaped, with gentle sloping walls,

covered by a thin, deep-set thin septum; thin, weak

axial threads inside; one thin, subgranular spiral cord

possible under rim.

Colour of teleoconch yellowish sand; protoconch

pinkish white.

H/W

H/HA

holotype

6.9

22.4

22.7

8.5

0.99

2.64

paratype 1

7.0

22.7

22.3

8.7

1.02

2.61

paratype 2

7.1

24.5

23.8

9.9

1.03

2.47

paratype 3

6.7

22.7

21.6

7.5

1.05

3.03

paratype 4

7.1

24.1

23.7

8.6

1.02

2.80

paratype 5

6.7

22.4

23.7

8.8

0.95

2.55

paratype 6

6.9

22.4

21.4

8.8

1.05

2.55

Table 1. - Calliotropis ammos n. sp.: Shells measurements in mm for types.

Discussion. The new species is rather close to C.

derbiosa Vilvens, 2004 (Figs 14-15) from Vanuatu

and Fiji, but this similar in size species has a smaller

protoconch (about 200 pm), a more depressed spire

(height always 0.9x width), a subangulate periphery, a

stronger, persistent fine scale-like axial sculpture on

the last whorls and on the base, a horizontally (not

vertically) elongated aperture, 6 (not 5) granular,

spiral cords on the base and no septum covering the

umbilicus.

Etymology. Sand (Greek : appoQ, used as a noun in

apposition - with reference to ground colour.

Family : CHILODONTIDAE Wenz, 1938

Preliminary comments. Following Jansen (1994), we

consider that chilodontid species having axial

sculpture as strong as spiral cords belong to Euchelus

Philippi, 1847 while species with spiral cords stronger

than axial ribs belong respectively to Herpetopoma

Pilsbry, 1889 and to Vaceuchelus Iredale, 1929 when

having a strong or a weak (if présent) columellar

tooth.

Genus: Herpetopoma Pilsbry, 1889

Type species: Euchelus scabriusculus A.Adams &

Angas, 1867 (by o. d.) - Recent, Australia.

Herpetopoma corrugatum (Pease, 1861)

Figs 22-23

Euchelus corrugatus Pease, 1861: 435. Type locality:

Sandwich Island.

Euchelus corrugatus - Kay, 1979: 49, fig 14-A.

Herpetopoma corrugatum - Sevem, 2011: 44, pl. 6

fig 3.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Société

Islands. TARASOC: stn DW3416, 16°35'S,

151°44'W, 914 m, 2 dd. - Stn DW3420, 16°46's’

151°04 r W, 550 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3429, 16°43 f s’

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

150°38'W, 493-540 m, 2 dd. - Stn DW3434, 16°42'S,

151°03'W, 700-785 m, 1 dd sub. - Stn DW3481,

17°29'S, 149°45'W, 610 m, 1 dd, 2 dd juv.

Distribution. Hawaii, India, Marshall Islands,

subtidal (Kay, 1979; Severn, 2011); French Polynesia,

Société Islands, 540-914 m (dead); French Polynesia,

Australes Archipelago, intertidal (living), 0-24 m

(dead) (Letourneux et al., p.c.).

Herpetopomapoichilum n. sp.

Colour Figs G1-G2, Figs 16-19, Table 2

Type material. Holotype (3.1 x 2.5 mm) MNHN

(24966). Paratypes: 4 MNHN (24967, 24968).

Type locality. Société Islands, Tahiti, TARASOC, stn

DW3504, 17°37'S, 149°38'W, 455-650 m.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Société

Islands. TARASOC: stn DW3425, 16°43'S,

151°03'W, 557 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3434, 16 0 42’S,

151°03'W, 700-785 m, I dd. - Stn DW3457, 16°45'S,

151°24'W, 520-572 m, 1 dd (paratype). - Stn

DW3460, 17°28'S, 149°50'W, 660-680 m, 1 dd, 1 dd

sub, 4 dd juv. - Stn DW3476, 17°29'S, 149°45’W,

435-490 m, 1 dd sub. - Stn DW3481, 17°29'S,

149°45'W, 610 m, 4 dd (with 3 paratypes), 3 dd juv. -

Stn DW3484, 17°47S, 149°23'W, 300-650 m, 1 dd

juv.-Stn DW3498, 17°43'S, 149°17'W, 347-460 m, 3

dd. - Stn DW3504, 17°37’S, 149°38'W, 455-650 m, 1

lv (holotype).

Distribution. French Polynesia, Société Islands, alive

in 455-650 m, shells in 460-700 m.

Diagnosis. A small white Herpetopoma species with

an elevated, more or less conical spire and a rounded

periphery, 5 granular spiral cords on last whorl,

peripheral cord smaller than the other cords, a convex

base with 5 spiral cords and a closed or very narrow

umbilicus.

Description. Shell of small size for the genus (height

up to 4.8 mm, width up to 4.3 mm), higher than wide,

rather thiclc, conical; spire elevated, height l.lx to

1 2x width, 2.5x to 3.4x aperture height; umbilicus

closed or reduced to a thin slit.

Protoconch more or less 200 pm, of about 1 whorl,

with fine granules, with a thin terminal varix.

Teleoconch up to 5.1 convex whorls, bearing 5 spiral

granular cords similar in size except peripheral smaller

on last whorl; nodules from cords at intersections with

strong axial prosocline ribs. Suture visible, weakly

canaliculated.

First whorl convex, sculptured by about 20 slightly

prosocline smooth, rather strong ribs; interspace

between similar in size to ribs; primary cords PI, P2,

P3 and P4 appearing at end of whorl, granular, closely

packed, similar in size except PI smaller. On second

whorl, P3 slightly stronger than other cords, PI still

smaller; beads of ail cords stronger, rounded,

connected by axial ribs. On third whorl, ail cords

similar in size, except PI smaller; distance between

cords smaller than cords; strong axial ribs visible in

interspaces, connecting beads of spiral cords. On

fourth whorl, ail cords more or less similar in size;

axial ribs enlarging, still strong, more prosocline. On

last whorl, P5 visible, slightly smaller than other

cords; distance between cords still smaller than cords.

Aperture almost circulai” outer lip thickened, with up

to 9 inner lirae (eroded on dead specimens), lira the

closest to columella stronger and producing a denticle.

Columella straight, almost vertical, with a basal tooth.

Base convex, with 5 subgranular to granular, similar

in size spiral cords; distance between cords smaller

than cords; axial ribs between spiral cords very

visible.

Umbilicus close or reduced to a small chink.

Colour of teleoconch and protoconch white to

yellowish white.

Colour plate 1. Holotypes MNHN of the new French Polynesian species described.

Scale bar: 5 mm.

Al-2. Calliotropis ammos n. sp., Tuamotu Archipelago, 887-890 m, 22.4 x 22.7 mm; Bl-2. Gaza polychownos

n. sp.. Société Islands, 580-618 m, 14.5 x 18.4 mm.

Scale bar: 1 mm.

Cl-2. Calliostoma (Fautor) leptor, n. sp., Tuamotu Archipelago, 315-340 m, 12.6 x 10 8 mnr Dl-2. Thalotia

polysarchosa n. sp.. Australes Arch,pelago, 100 m, 4.5 x 4.0 mm; El-2. Thalotia khlimax n. sp.. Australes

rc ipelago, deep water, 6.2 x 5.1 mm, Fl-2. Thalotia tiaraeides n. sp. Australes Archipelago, 500 800 m, 6.4 x

0.4 mm, Gl-2. Herpetopoma poichilum n. sp. Société Islands, 455-650 m, 3.1 x 2.5 mm

C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

H AV

H/HA

holotype

4.9

3.1

2.5

0.9

1.24

3.44

paratype 1

5.1

4.8

4.3

1.4

1.12

3.43

paratype 2

4.7

3.2

2.6

1.2

1.23

2.67

paratype 3

4.7

2.8

2.5

1.1

1.12

2.55

paratype 4

4.6

2.7

2.3

1.1

1.17

2.45

Table 2. - Herpetopomapoichilum n. sp.: Shells measurements in mm for types.

Discussion. The new species is rather close to

Herpetopoma eboreum Vilvens & Héros, 2003 (Figs

20-21) from New Caledonia, but this slightly greater

species lacks always an umbilicus, has a slightly

cyrtoconoidal (not strictly conical) shape with only

weakly convex to almost Hat whorls, more close

together spiral cords on the last whorls and up to 7

spiral cords on the base with interspace between cords

as broad as cords.

Herpetopoma poichilum n. sp. is rather close to H.

elevata Jansen, 1994 from Queensland, but this

similar in size species has more convex whorls, four

(not five), uneven in strength spiral cords on the last

whorl with pointed (not rounded) nodules, four (not

five) narrow spiral cords on the base.

Etymology. Embroidered (Greek ^oix^oQ - with

reference to the reticulate sculpture of the whorls.

Genus Vaceuche/us Iredale, 1929

Type species: Euchelus angulatus Pease, 1867 (by

o.d.) - Recent, Indian Océan.

Vaceuchelus foveolatus (A.Adams, 1853)

Figs 24-25

Momdonta foveolata A.Adams, 1853: 176. Type

locality: Lord Hood’s Island (=Marutea Atoll), 15-18

Euchelus foveolatus — Pilsbry, 1889: 436.

Euchelus (Herpetopoma) foveolatus - Marshall 1979-

524-525, figs 2A-E

'Euchelus "foveolatus - Kaicher, 1990: card#5790

Euchelus foveolatus - Herbert, 1996: 441, figs 72-73.

Vaceuchelus foveolatus - Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker

2006: 48, pl. 16, fig 2.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Société

Islands. TARASOC: stn DW3390, 14°59’S,

148°18'W, 380-758 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3481, 17°29'S,

149°45'W, 610 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3498, 17°43'S,

149°17'W, 347-460 m, 1 dd sub.

Distribution. Fiji (Pilsbry, 1889 - depth unknown);

Philippines, 4-100 (using Poppe et al., 2006 data);

New Zealand, Raoul Is., 9-37 m (Marshall, 1979);

French Polynesia, Tuamotu, 15-18 m (A.Adams,

1853); French Polynesia, Société Islands, intertidal

(living), 0-610 m (dead) (using data of Letoumeux et

al., p.c.); French Polynesia, Australes Archipelago,

intertidal (dead) (Letourneux et al., p.c.); French

Polynesia, Tuamotu Archipelago, 0-100 m (dead)

(Letourneux et al., p.c.); French Polynesia, Gambier

Islands, 0-38 m (dead) (Letourneux et al., p.c.).

Vaceuchelus sp.

Figs 26-27

Material examined. French Polynesia, Tuamotu

Archipelago. TARASOC: stn DW3349, 15°05'S,

148°03'W, 976-997 m, 1 dd.

Comments. This single specimen is too eroded seems

ditfeient ot every chilodontid known species, but its

poor State could not lead to reliable description and

comparison.

Genus: Agathodonta Cossman, 1918

Type species: Trochus dentigerus Orbigny, 1843 (by

o. d.) — European Lower Cretaceous.

Figures 1-16. Scale bars = 5 mm

1-6. Calliotropis oros marquisensis Vilvens, 2007, Société Islands • 1 inn orvn a *

8.4 x 11.9 mm; 4-6. 720-1000 m [TARASOC, stn DW3490], 8.oVl2.0 m,T m [TARAS0C ’ stn DW3490],

7-13. Calliotropis ammos n. sp., Tuamotu Archipelago

7-9. Holotype MNHN (24960), 887-890 m [TARASOC, stn DW33781 d , m „

(24964),800 m [TARASOC, stn DW33791 ~>4 1 x 23 7 mnr 1 3 rwi ~~' 7 mm; 10 ' 12 ‘ Parat yP e MNHN

I4-.5. CW»**, derMosa Vilvens, TJff ” mb " i “ l — •

stn CP992], 22.3 x 25.4 mm. ’ vanuatL h 748-775 m [MUSORSTOM 8,

C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

Agathodonta sp.

Figs 28-30

Cantharidus marmoreus (Pease, 1868)

Figs 31-32

Material examined. French Polynesia, Société

Islands. TARASOC: stn DW3499, 17°41 ’S,

149° 1 T W, 550-700 m, 1 dd.

Comments. This single specimen is so broken and

and the whorls are so eroded that it is very difficult to

give reliable a possible description and comparison

with known species.

Superfamily TROCHOIDEA Rafinesque, 1815

Family TROCHIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily TROCHINAE Rafinesque, 1815

Genus :Trochus Linnaeus, 1758

Type species: Trochus maculatus Linnaeus, 1758 (by

o. d.) - Recent, Indo-Pacific.

Trochus niloticus Linnaeus, 1767

Trochus marmoreus Pease, 1868: 287, pl.24 fig. 9.

Type locality: Tuamotu Archipelago, Paumotus.

Cantharidus marmoreus - Cemohorsky, 1980: 113,

figs 1-3.

Calliostoma marmoreum — Kaicher, 1979: card#2102.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago. BENTHAUS: stn DW 1884, 27°54'S,

143°33'W, 570-620 m, 1 dd sub. - Stn DW 1885,

27°52'S, 143°33'W, 700-800 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW1926,

24°38'S, 146 o 0EW, 50-90 m, 3 dd. - Stn DW1932,

24°41’S, 146°02'W, 500-800 m, 2 dd. - Stn DW 1933,

24°4ES, 146°0rW, 500-850 m, 3 dd. - Stn DW 1936,

24°40'S, 145°57'W, 80-100 m, 1 dd.

Distribution. French Polynesia, Tuamotu

Archipelago, intertidal (dead) (Letoumeux et al., p.c.);

Australes Archipelago, 90-700 m (dead).

Trochus niloticus Linnaeus, 1767: 1227, no. 579.

Type locality : Indian Océan.

Trochus niloticus - Cemohorsky, 1972: pp 38-39

pl-8, fig 1

Trochus niloticus - Salvat & Rives, 1975: 256,

Trochus niloticus - Kaicher, 1979: card#2175.

Trochus niloticus - Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006:

80-81, figs 70-71, pi. 33, figs 4-8.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago. BENTHAUS: stn DW1913, 27°02'S,

146°00'W, 120 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW1917, 27°03'S,

146°04'W, 50-60 m, 4 dd juv. - Stn DW2015*

22°38'S, 152°50'W, 250-280 m, 2 dd juv.

Distribution. Indo-Pacific, low subtidal; French

Polynesia, Australes Archipelago, 60-250 m (dead

juv).

Subfamily CANTHARIDINAE Gray, 1857

Preliminary comment. The discrimination between

the various généra belonging to Cantharidinae {sensu

Hickman & Mc Lean, 1990) is not very clear,

especially using only conchological features (e.g.

shape of the whorls, round aperture or with a vertical

columella, angle between inner and outer lip, tooth on

the columella or not, base with a gentle or a steep

slope, umbilicus présent or absent). The new species

described here are placed into one of the existing

généra, although some features don't fit exactly with

the features of the chosen genus, because it seems

useless to add to confusion by creating new généra.

Genus Cantharidus Montfort, 1810

Type species: Trochus iris Gmelin, 1791 (by o.d.) =

[ lmax opalus Martyn, 1784 (by s.d., 1847) - Recent

New Zealand.

Cantharidus sp.

Figs 43-44

Material examined. Australes Archipelago.

BENTHAUS: stn DW 1939, 23°50'S, 147°42'W,

100 m, 1 dd.

Comments. This single specimen (7.3 x 5.6 mm) is

highly eroded and lias a broken protoconch : it is very

difficult to describe accurately the spiral cords

ontogeny.

Genus Jujubinus Monterosato, 1884

Type species: Trochus matoni Payraudeau, 1826 =

Trochus exasperatus Pennant, 1777 (by s.d. Pilsbry,

1889)] - Recent, north -eastern Atlantic.

J ujubinus geographicus

Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006

Figs 39-42

Jujubinus geographicus Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker,

2006: 88-89, pl. 38, figs 2. Type locality : Philippines,

Balicasag Is., 80-150 m.

Archipelago. BENTHAUS: stn DW 1880, 27°55'S,

143°30'W, 90-94 m, 3 dd, 1 dd sub. - Stn DW 1927,

]46 ° 02 ' W ' 95-105 m, I dd. - Stn DW1932,

ôUio’ ,46 ° 02 ’ W ’ 500-800 m, I dd. - Stn DW 1958,

| 49°30'W, 80-150 m, I dd sub. - Stn

DW2013, 22°39'S, 152°50'W, 80-93 m, 1 dd

?nn t 7 ib r ti0n ' Phili PP' nes > 80-150 m (Poppe et al.,

^006); French Polynesia, Australes Archipelago, 93-

m (dead); French Polynesia, Tuamotu

Archipelago, 0-100 m (dead) (Letoumeux et al., p.c.);

French Polynesia, Société Islands, 0-85 m (dead)

(Letoumeux et al., p.c.).

C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

Comments. Regarding the huge gap between the type

locality (Philippines) and French Polynesia, one can

wonder to find this species in Australes Archipelago

stations. But no clear conchological distinctions can

be made between santples from the two areas, except

that some Polynesian shells are less elevated, the

subsutural spiral cord can be divided into two cords on

the last whorls and the colour of the whorls is orange

based rather then red wine.

Genus Thalotia Gray, 1847

Type species: Monodonta conica Gray, 1827

[=Trochus pictus Wood, 1828] (by o.d.) - Recent,

Southern Australia.

Thalotia tiaraeides n. sp.

Colour Figs F1-F2, Figs 33-34, Table 3

Type material. Holotype (6.4 x 6.4 mm) MNHN

(24969). Paratypes: 3 MNHN (24970, 24971).

Type locality. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago, Président Thiers Bank, BENTHAUS, stn

DW 1932, 24°41’S, I46°02'W, 500 800 m.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago. BENTHAUS: stn DW1923, 27°01’S,

146°05'W, 360-840 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW1932, 24°41'S,

146°02'W, 500-800 m, 1 dd (holotype). — Stn

DW 1955, 23°19'S, I49°26'W. 750-850 m, 1 dd sub. -

Stn DW1958, 23°20'S, 149°30'W, 80-150 m, 1 dd sub.

- Stn DW 1999, 22°25’S, 151°22’W, 270-500 m, 1 dd.

- Stn DW2003, 22°28'S, 151°19’W, 250-330 m, 1 dd

(paratype). - Stn DW2018, 22°37'S, 152°49’W,

770-771 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW2020, 22°37’S, 151 0 49'W,’

920-930 m, 2 dd (paratypes).

Distribution. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago, 150-920 m (dead).

Diagnosis. A small white Cantharidinae species with a

moderately elevated spire, a subsutural angulate keel

making shoulder and a thick peripheral keel; 6 main

granular spiral cords on last whorl with a thick

peripheral keel; slightly convex base with up to 10

Iow, nearly smooth spiral cords; narrow and deep

umbilicus, partly covered by a columellar expansion.

Description. Shell of small size for the genus (height

up to 6.6 mm, width up to 6.4 mm), as high as wide or

slightly higher than wide, rather thick, conical with a

subsutural angulate keel making shoulder with gentle

slope; spire moderately elevated, height 0.9x to 1,2x

width, 3.3x to 3.6x aperture height; umbilicus narrow

and deep, partly covered by a columellar expansion.

Protoconch approximately about 200 pm (eroded or

damaged on ail samples), without visible varix.

Teleoconch up to 6.1 convex whorls, bearing 6 main,

similar in size spiral granular cords and peripheral

keel produced by three close thin spiral cords. Suture

visible, not canaliculated.

First whorl convex, sculptured by 4 smooth primary

spiral cords and weak, low, wide axial folds; PI, P2

and P3 similar in size and evenly pinkish coloured,

abapical cord P4 thinner with regular orange dashes;

distance between P3 and P4 greater than distance

between other cords. On second whorl, axial folds

thinner and making PI, P2 and P3 subgranular. On

third whorl, axial sculpture weakening; shoulder

appearing with a round keel made by PI at fîrst

adapical quarter; PI stronger than other cords; S2

appearing rather quickly as strong as P2 and P3;

strong suprasutural angulation above P4. On fourth

whorl, keel much more angulate; S3 appearing above

suprasutural angulation, quickly as strong as P3; Tl

appearing at end of whorl on shoulder between suture

and PI, quickly as strong as P2 but weaker than PI;

T2 appearing between suprasutural angulation and P4,

both cords thinner than other cords; ail spiral cords

granular. On fifth whorl, S3 stronger than P3, S2 and

P2; T3 appearing between angulation and T2, similar

in size to T2 and P4; beads of cords prosoclinely

elongated. On last whorl, additional Ti appearing by

intercalation; P4, T2 and T3 very close, hard to

distinguish and forming a thick peripheral keel.

Aperture subquadrangular, slightly transversally

elongated; outer lip thickened inside, meeting inner lip

with obtuse angle.

Columella straight, almost vertical, with a strong tooth

at abapical third.

Base weakly convex to almost fiat, with 8-10 smooth

to subgranular, similar in size spiral cords; distance

between cords smaller than cords.

Umbilicus fairly narrow (diameter about 9% of shell

width) and deep, funnel shaped with thin axial ridges

inside, partly covered by columellar expansion.

Colour of protoconch and teleoconch first whorl deep

pink, next whorls orange brown with wide, irregular

axial white patches; spiral cords of three last whorls

alternating pinkish white and orange dashes; umbilical

area and inner part of base light pink, spiral cords of

outer part alternating orange and pink.

H/W

H/HA

holotype

6.1

6.4

1.8

1.00

3.56

paratype 1

5.8

5.9

6.4

1.8

0.92

3.28

paratype 2

6.1

6.2

5.8

1.8

1.07

3.44

paratype 3

5.7

—-

6.6

5.5

1.9

1.20

3.47

Table 3. - Thalotia tiaraeides n. sp.: Shells measurements in mm for types.

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

Discussion. Regarding the straight, vertical columella,

the rather sharp basal columellar tooth, the obtuse

angle between inner and outer lip and the narrow

umbilicus, and taking in account the shape of the new

species similar to the one of Thalotia ( Odonîotrochus )

chlorostoma (Menke, 1843) (despite a very different

size), the genus Thalotia (as commented by Wilson,

1993) seems the more appropriate for this new

species.

The new species is rather close to Jujubinus hubrechti

Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006 (figs 35-36) from

Philippines, but this similar in size species has a more

elevated spire, a much stronger adapical spiral cord on

the shoulder with elongate beads, a much stronger

peripheral spiral cord with stronger, much rounded

beads and different colours (green background colour

instead orange brown).

Etymology. Tiara shaped (Greek : napa and eiôqQ,

adjective agreeing with a neutral noun - with reference

to the general shape of the shell reminding an ancient

tiara.

Thalotia khlimax n. sp.

Colour Figs E1-E2, Figs 37-38

Type material. Holotype (6.2 x 5.1 mm) MNHN

(24972). Paratype (5.4 x 4.7 mm) MNHN (24973).

Type locality. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago, BENTHAUS, stn without data.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago. BENTHAUS: stn DW 1885, 27°52'S,

143°33'W, 700-800 m, 1 dd. Stn DW 1903, 27°27’S,

144°04'W, 400-800 m, I dd sub. - Stn DW1923,

27°0rS, 146°05 f W, 360-840 m, 1 dd (paratype). - Stn

DW1961, 23°2FS, 149°34'W, 470-800 m, 1 dd. - Stn

with no data, 1 lv (holotype), 1 dd sub.

Distribution. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago, 700-800 (dead).

Diagnosis. A small white Cantharidinae species with a

moderately elevated spire and a small subsutural

Figures 16-30. Scale bars = 1 mm except scale figs 18-

angulate keel making shoulder; 7 main granular spiral

cords on last whorl, the two abapical cords slightly

thinner, doser and separated from the other cords by a

weakly concave area; slightly convex base with up to

10 low, smooth to subgranular spiral cords;

moderately wide, deep umbilicus.

Description. Shell of small size for the genus (height

up to 6.2 mm, width up to 5.1 mm), higher than wide,

rather thin, conical with a small subsutural angulate

keel making shoulder with gentle to almost horizontal

slope; spire moderately elevated, height l.lx to 1.2x

width, 2.8x to 3.9x aperture height; umbilicus narrow

and deep.

Protoconch about 100 pm, exserted, without visible

varix.

Teleoconch up to 6.1 convex whorls, bearing 7 spiral

granular cords; 5 adapical cords similar in size and 2

th inner, close peripheral cords with a concave area

between two groups. Suture not canaliculated, poorly

visible.

First whorl convex, sculptured by 3 primary spiral

cords P2, P3 and P4 similar in size and evenly pinkish

coloured; PI appearing at mid whorl, similar to other

cords. On second whorl, ail cords subgranular; PI, P2

and P3 thicker, P4 thinner; shoulder appearing with a

round keel made by P2 at First adapical quarter;

distance between P3 and P4 greater than distance

between other cords; S4 appearing at end of whorl,

similar in size and shape to P4. On third whorl, S3

appearing, quickly as strong as P3; additional Tl

appearing at mid whorl on shoulder between suture

and PI. On fourth whorl, PI thickening; keel more

angulate and moving adapically to PI; Tl similar in

size to PI; ail spiral cords granular; distance between

S3 and P4 still greater than distance between other

cords, distance between P4 and S4 smaller than

distance between other cords. On last whorls, T2

appearing between Tl and PI, similar in size to Tl;

beads ot ail cords rounded, without interspaces

between; distance between PI, P2, P3 and S3 similar

to cords; no interspace between P4 and S4; area

between S3 and P4 concave, wider than cords, with

prosocline, racher thick threads.

- 100 pm.

16-19. Herpetopomapoichilum n. sp, Société Islands. 16-17. Holotype MNHN P4966Ï 4SS ™

DWM^Ïst^mm 041 ’ ^ X2 ' 5 ^ ^ MN ™ (24967) ’ 52 °' 572 m m [TARASOC, stn

VÜVenS & Hér ° S ’ 2 °° 3, Caled ° nia ’ T ° Uh ° area ’ 5 °^ 62 m [MONTROUZIER,

f^H erpet0pomacom, Z atum (Pcase ’ 1861 >’ Société ls| ands. 493-540 m [TARASOC, stn DW3429], 3.0 x

] 4 ~ 2 ^J aCeUchelus f° veolatus (A ' Adams ’ 1851 >’ Société Isla "ds, 380-758 m [TARASOC, stn DW3390], 3.6 x

26-27. Vaceuchelus sp., Tuamotu Archipelago, 976-997 m [TARASOC, stn DW33491 4 ? v ^ -r

28-30. Agathodonta sp., Société Islands, 550-700 m [TARASOC, stn DW3499], 5 0 x4 0 mm h™’

C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

Aperture subcircular; outer lip with a weak peripheral

angulation and meeting inner lip with obtuse angle.

Columella straight, almost vertical, with weak

swelling (holotype) or blunt tooth (paratype) at

abapical third.

Base weakly convex to almost fiat, with 10 smooth to

subgranular, similar in size spiral cords; distance

between cords smaller than cords.

Umbilicus moderately wide (diameter about 15% of

shell width) and deep, funnel shaped with thin axial

ridges inside.

Colour of protoconch pinkish white; teleoconch first

whorl pinkish mauve; next whorls orange brown with

irregular axial white and pink patches; periphery

altemating orange dashes and narrower axial pinkish

white fiâmes; umbilical area and inner part of base

nacreous pink, spiral cords of outer part altemating

orange and pink.

Discussion. For the same reason as for Thalotia

tiaraeides n. sp., the genus Thalotia seems the more

appropriate for this new species.

Thalotia khlimax n.sp. may be compared to T.

tiaraeides n. sp., but this similar in size species has a

wider shoulder, a thick peripheral keel and an

umbilicus partly covered by a columellar expansion.

The new species may be compared to Kanekotrochus

vietnamensis Dekker, 2006 from Vietnam, but this

species is much greater (height about 15 mm) for a

same number of whorls, a more depressed spire and

no umbilicus.

Etymology. Staircase (Greek : %À.ijiaÇ) - with

reference to the staggered shape of the shell.

Thalotiapolysarchosa n. sp.

Colour Figs D1-D2, Figs 45-50, Table 4

Type material. Holotype (4.5 x 4.0 mm) MNHN

(24974). Paratypes : 3 MNHN (24975).

Type locality. Australes Archipelago, BENTHAUS,

stn DW 1894, 27°40'S, 144°22'W, 100 m.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago. BENTHAUS: stn DW 1894, 27°40'S,

144°22'W, 100 m, 6 dd (holotype and paratypes), 1 dd

sub. - Stn DW 1939, 23°50'S, 147°42'W, 100 m, 1 dd,

2 dd sub. - Stn DW1946, 23°49'S, 147°4TW, 100-

200 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW2018, 22°37'S, 152°49'W,

770-771 m, 4 dd.

French Polynesia, Société Islands. TARASOC: stn

DW3420, 16°46'S, 151°04’W, 550 m, 1 dd juv. - Stn

DW3429, 16°43'S, 150°38'W, 493-540 m, 2 dd juv. -

Stn DW3434, 16°42'S, 151°03'W, 700-785 m, 1 dd

juv. - Stn DW3435, 16°41'S, 151°02'W, 500-612 m, 5

dd juv. - Stn DW3451, 16°53'S, 151°2TW, 440-490

m, 1 dd juv. - Stn DW3458, 16°46'S, 151°23’W, 573-

611 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3459, 17°28’S, 149°48'W, 485-

560 m, 1 dd sub, 3 dd juv. - Stn DW3460, 17°28'S,

149°50'W, 660-680 m, 4 dd juv. - Stn DW3476,

17°29'S, 149°45'W, 435-490 m, 7 dd sub. - Stn

DW3481, 17°29'S, 149°45'W, 610 m, 7 dd juv. - Stn

DW3482, 17°29'S, 149°45 r W, 440 m, 2 dd.

Distribution. French Polynesia, Australes

Archipelago, 100-770 m (dead); Société Islands, 440-

700 m (dead).

Diagnosis. A small reddish or orange brown

Cantharidinae species with a moderately elevated

spire with a weak suprasutural angulation; 8 main

granular spiral cords on last whorl, the two abapical

cords roundly granular, the médian cords nearly

smooth and the subsutural cords granular with axially

elongated beads; base moderately convex with about

12 low, smooth cords; moderately wide, deep

umbilicus partly covered by a columellar expansion.

Description. Shell of small size for the genus (height

up to 4.6 mm, width up to 4.0 mm), higher than wide,

rather thin, weakly cyrtoconoidal with an angular

periphery; spire moderately elevated, height l.lx to

1.2x width, 2.8x to 3.8x aperture height; umbilicus

moderately wide and deep.

Protoconch about 100-120 pm, exserted, with a thin

varix.

Figures 31-44. Scale bars = 5 mm.

31-32. Cantharidus marmoreus (Pease, 1868), Australes Archipelago, 700-800 m [BENTHAUS, DW1885], 6.5

x 4.1 mm;

33-34. Thalotia tiaraeides n. sp, holotype MNHN (24969), Australes Archipelago, 500-800 m [BENTHAUS stn

DW 1932], 6.4 x 6.4 mm.

35-36. Jujubinus hubrechti Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006, holotype NMP, Philippines, Balicasag, 80-150 m,

7.0 x 6.2 mm - Photographs courtesy of Conchology, Inc.

37-38. Thalotia khlimax n. sp., holotype MNHN (24972), Australes Archipelago (BENTHAUS, stn with no

data], 6.2 x 5.1 mm.

39-42 .Jujubinus geographicus Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker, 2006. 39-40. Australes Archipelago, 95-105 m

[BENTHAUS: stn DW1927], 5.3 x 4.1 mm; 41-42. Holotype NMP, Philippines, Mactan Island, 80-150 m, 4.9 x

j. 8 mm - Photographs courtesy of Conchology, Inc.

43-44. Cantharidus sp., Australes Archipelago, 100 m [BENTHAUS: stn DW 1939], 7.3 x 5.6 mm.

C. VlLVENS

NOVAPEX 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

Teleoconch up to 6.2 convex whorls, bearing 8 spiral

granular cords, in two areas of 6 and 2 cords,

separated by a weak angulation; most adapical and

two most adapical cords granular, other cords nearly

smooth. Suture not canaliculated, poorly visible.

First whorl convex, sculptured by 4 primary spiral

cords poorly marked, more or less similar in size. On

second whorl, spiral cords wider, very low, distance

between cords much smaller than cords; P4 slightly

stronger, weakly subgranular; other cords smooth; S3

appearing at end of whorl. On third whorl, angulation

appearing between S3 and P4; S3 quickly similar to

P3.

On fourth whorl, ail cords more elevated; S2

appearing at begin of whorl, quickly similar to P2; P4

dividing into two cords, subgranular at mid whorl,

adapical cord slightly thinner; distance between S3

and two abapical cords greater than distance between

other cords; SI appearing at end of whorl by

séparation from PI. On fifth whorl, PI and SI weakly

subgranular; two P4 clearly granular with round

beads. On last whorls, four adapical cords granular

with prosocline elongated beads; P3 and S3 still nearly

smooth; two P4 roundly granular, similar in size,

producing a week peripheral keel; Tl appearing under

Discussion. Regarding its small size (the well formed

columellar tooth implies that the studied specimens

are, at least, shells of young adults) and the general

shape ot its shell, the new species can only be

compared to similar in size known species from

Philippines or French Polynesia. Among them,

Thcilotia polysarchosa n. sp. is rather close to

Jujubinus geographicus Poppe, Tagaro & Dekker,

2006 (Figs 35-36 ) from Philippines and French

Polynesia (new record in this paper), but this similar

S3; T2 possibly appearing between two P4 on large

specimens.

Aperture subelliptic, slightly prosoclinely elongated

on large specimens; outer lip with a weak peripheral

angulation and meeting inner lip with obtuse angle.

Columella straight, slightly opisthocline to vertical,

with one blunt tooth at abapical third.

Base moderately convex, with 12 nearly smooth spiral

cords; distance between cords smaller than cords; size

of cords decreasing from outer part of base to inner

part.

Umbilicus moderately wide (diameter about 15-16%

of shell width) and deep, partly covered by expansion

of columella, funnel shaped with thin axial ridges

inside.

Colour of protoconch pinkish white to deep pink;

teleoconch colour pattern rather variable : ground

colour reddish brown to orange brown or pinkish

brown, irregular axial white, light brown or pinkish

patches; periphery altemating orange and pinkish

white dashes; umbilical area and inner half of base

nacreous pink or light red, spiral cords of outer half

altemating pink and red or orange and pink, or almost

uniformly pink.

in size species is slightly more elevated, has a more

conical shape, 7 (not 8) main granular spiral cords ail

with rounded beads, a more pronounced suprasutural

keel and a subcircular aperture without transversal

élongation.

Etymology. Obese (Greek : Tco^uaapxoQ, with

reference to the cyrtoconoidal shape of the moderately

elevated shell.

H/W

H/HA

holotype

6.2

4.5

4.0

1.3

1.13

3.46

paratype 1

6.0

3.7

3.2

1.3

1.16

2.85

paratype 2

6.0

4.6

3.8

1.2

1.21

3.83

paratype 3

5.9

3.9

3.3

1.1

1.18

3.55

Table 4. - Thalotiapolysarchosa n. sp. : Shells measurements in mm for types.

45-50. Thalotia polysarchosa n. sp. 45-48. Australes Archipelago, 100 m rBENTHAUS sfn nwi rcmi- dï dh

Holotype MNHN (24974). 4.5 x 4.0 mm. 47-48. Paratype MNHN(24975 3 7 x 3 2 mm49 Z f K

Islands, 440 m [TARASOC, stn DW3482], 5.2 x 4.1 mm. 1 * 12 ^ S ° C ' ete

Marshall, 1995. 51-52. Tarava Seamounts 670-757 m

DW809], 1 l.èT\S2m^' '°' 9 X 101 mm; 53 ' 54> Southem New Caledonia, 650-730 m [BATHUS 3, stn

^^r^s\'^r < i.ri i ‘ ,,ype mn ™ ^ t “ 3 ■ «4» m

s 5 - sSrstom para,ype mnhn - New ca " donia - a, °" * s " rprise -

C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

Genus Calliotrochus Fischer, 1879

Type species: Turbo phasianellus Deshayes, 1863 (by

monotypy) = Margarita marmorea Pease, 1861 -

Recent, Indo-Pacific.

Calliotrochus marmoreus (Pease, 1861)

Margarita marmorea Pease, 1861: 435. Type locality:

Sandwich Islands.

Turbo phasianellus - Deshayes, 1863: 74, n°216.

Gibbula marmorea - Kay, 1979: 51, fig 14-E.

Calliotrochus marmoreus - Severn, 2011: 48, pl. 8,

fig T

Material examined. French Polynesia, Tarava

Seamounts. TARASOC: stn DW3302, 19°15'S,

150°57'W, 600-660 m, 9 dd, 2 dd juv. - Stn DW3316,

19°14'S, 151°33'W, 519-520 m, 5 dd juv. - Stn

DW3318, 19°15'S, 151°3FW, 557-569 m, 1 dd juv. -

Stn DW3333, 18°45'S, 152°18'W, 795-975 m, 1 dd

juv. - Stn DW3336, 18°23’S, 154°06’W, 573-619 m, 9

dd. - Stn DW3337, 18°23'S, 154°05'W, 571-614 m, 1

dd juv.

French Polynesia, Tuamotu Archipelago.

TARASOC: stn DW3349, 15°05'S, 148°03'W,

976-997 m, 1 dd juv.

French Polynesia, Société Islands. TARASOC: stn

DW3420, 16°46'S, 151 o 04'W, 550 m, 1 dd juv.

Distribution. Indo-Pacific (from northern Zululand to

Hawaii and French Polynesia), shallow waters

(Herbert, 1998); Hawaiian Islands, intertidal (Severn,

2011); French Polynesia, Tarava Seamounts, 520-795

m (dead); French Polynesia, Tuamotu Archipelago,

976-997 m (dead); French Polynesia, Société Islands,

intertidal (living), 10-550 m (dead) (using data from

Letoumeux et al., p.c.).

Family CALLIOSTOMATIDAE Thiele, 1924

Subfamily CALLIOSTOMATINAE Thiele, 1924

Genus Calliostoma Swainson, 1840

Subgenus Fautor Iredale, 1924

Type species : Ziziphinus comptus A.Adams, 1855 (by

o.d.) - Recent, Southern Australia.

Calliostoma (Fautor) paradigmatum Marshall, 1995

Figs 51-54

Calliostoma (Fautor) paradigmatum Marshall, 1995b:

395-397, figs 13-15, 119, 155. Type locality: Southern

New Caledonia, 505-550 m.

Calliostoma (Fautor) paradigmatum - Vilvens, 2005:

2 .

Calliostoma (Fautor) paradigmatum — Vilvens,

2009a: 132, figs 25-26.

Material examined. Tarava Seamounts.

BENTHAUS: stn DW3300, 19°19 f S, 151°00'W, 670-

757 m, 1 dd. - Stn DW3302, 19°15'S, 150°57'W, 600-

660 m, 2 dd juv.

Distribution. Off Ile Surprise, northern New

Caledonia, 585 m (living); South of lie des Pins,

Southern New Caledonia, northern Norfolk Ridge,

470-795 m, living at 550-795 m (range computed

using data of Marshall, 1995); Tonga, 342-500 m

(dead); Tarava Seamounts, 660-670 m (dead).

Comments. Regarding the huge gap between the type

locality (Southern New Caledonia) and French

Polynesia, one can wonder to find this species on

Tarava Seamounts stations, although some dead

specimens were found in Tonga Archipelago (Vilvens,

2005). But the BENTHAUS adult shell shows ail the

characteristics of the New Caledonian species,

especially the uniform white colour, the saine ratio

H/D (about 1.08), a spiral cord Pl commencing only

at 2 nd whorl, S2 appearing at 3 rd whorl and SI

appearing at 4 th whorl, a base with 14 spiral cords with

the innermost stronger and granular. The only

différences for the Polynesian samples are a spiral

cord P4 emerging later (instead of présent

immediately but partly covered by next whorl), a

spiral cord S3 absent (but this can happen, flde

original description) and a smaller protoconch (only

less than 300 pm for the Polynesian adult specimen).

Calliostoma (Fautor) lepton n. sp.

Colour Figs C1-C2, Figs 55-56

Type material. Holotype (12.6 x 10.8 mm) MNHN

(24976).

Type locality. French Polynesia, Tuamotu

Archipelago, TARASOC, stn DW3370, 15°39'S,

146°52'W, 315 340 m.

Material examined. Tuamotu Archipelago.

TARASOC: stn DW3370, 15°39'S, 146°52'W,

315-340 m, 1 lv (holotype).

Distribution. French Polynesia, Tuamotu

Archipelago, 315-340 m (dead).

Diagnosis. A rather small yellowish light brown

Calliostoma species with a moderately elevated spire,

coeloconoidal in shape in upper part and cyrtoconoidal

in lower part, with a subangular periphery; aperture

and columella highly nacreous; 6 main granular spiral

cords on last whorls, axial threads visible between

cords; base moderately convex base with about 12

granular cords; no umbilicus.

Description. Shell of rather small size for the genus

(height 12.6 mm, width 10.8 mm), slightly higher than

wide, rather thick, coeloconoidal in upper part,

cyrtoconoidal in lower part, with a subangular

periphery; spire moderately elevated, height 1.2x

width, 3. lx aperture height; anomphalous

Protoconch about 250-300 pm (apex eroded), with a

C. VlLVENS

NOVAPEX 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

Teleoconch up to 6.7 convex whorls, with 6 main,

granular, similar in size spiral cords and an additional

peripheral cord on last whorl; beads of ail cords

rounded conical, bluntly pointed. Suture not

canaliculated, poorly visible.

First whorl convex, sculptured by thick axial folds and

3 primary spiral cords PI, P2 and P3 more or less

similar in size, rather low, granular by intersection

with folds; distance between folds 1.5x size of folds;

distance between cords similar in size to cords. On

second whorl, spiral cords stronger and wider, with

well rounded beads; P3 slightly stronger than other

cords, with rounded conical beads; axial folds more

prosocline. On third whorl, beads of ail cords bluntly

pointed; P4 emerging from suture at end of whorl,

beaded, weaker than other cords. On fourth whorl, P4

stronger, similar in size and shape to other cords;

distance between P4 and P3 smaller than cords,

distance between other cords similar in size to cords;

S2 appearing at end whorl, thinner than other cords;

axial folds weakening into axial threads. On fifth

whorl, SI appearing at mid whorl; S3 absent. On last

whorls, ail cords similar in size except P4 slightly

stronger; ail cords with conical, blunt pointed beads;

axial threads weak but still visible; Tl appearing

between P2 and S2; S4 visible on last whorl,

peripheral, thinner than other cords; distance between

ail Pi and Si similar in size to cords, except S4 doser

to P4; T2 appearing between SI and P2.

Aperture subelliptic, slightly prosoclinely elongated;

outer lip with nacreous thickened inside, with fine

ridges at rim, without angle at meeting with thick

inner.

Columella weakly arcuated, slightly oblique, thick and

nacreous, flaring at lower part, without tooth.

Base moderately convex, with 12 granular spiral

cords; subquadrate beads of cords made by thin axial

threads across base; distance between cords smaller

than cords; size of cords increasing in width from

outer part of base to inner part.

No umbilicus (closed by columellar expansion).

Colour of protoconch and teleoconch yellowish light

brown; base shiny white; aperture and columella

nacreous.

Discussion. The new species is rather close to

Calliostoma (Fauîor) necopinatum Marshall, 1995

(Figs 57-58) from New Caledonia, but this similar in

size species has a different, narrowly conical, weakly

cyrtoconoidal shape, more convex last whorls, a spiral

cord S3, a wider protoconch (400-420 pm) and a

subquadrangular thin aperture without ridges inside.

Etymology. Flazelnut (Greek : Z£7rcov), used in

apposition as a noun - with reference to light hazelnut

colour of the shell, reminding of a eut hazelnut.

Genus Thysanodonta Marshall, 1988

Type species : Thysanodonta aucktandica Marshall,

1988 (by o.d.) - Recent, New Zealand.

Thysanodonta cf aucklandica Marshall, 1988

Figs 59-60

Thysanodonta aucklandica Marshall, 1988: 217-219,

figs 3A-C. Type locality: off Auckland Islands, New

Zealand, 549 m.

Material examined. Tuamotu Archipelago.

TARASOC: stn DW3389, 14°55'S, 148°15'W, 889 m,

1 dd.

Comments. This single specimen (6.8 x 5.5 mm) has

the spiral cords ontogeny of T. aucklandica (P1-P2-

S2-P3-S4 with P4 peripheral on last whorl), but has

only 7 spiral cords on the base (instead of 10 fide

original description Marshall, 1988). This specimen,

with First whorls rather eroded and an indistinct

suture, could be subadult because its teleoconch has

only 5.3 whorls. Additional material is clearly needed

to décidé if this is a different species or not.

Family TllRBINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily MARGARIT1NAE Thiele, 1924

Genus Gaza Watson, 1879

Type species: Gaza daedala Watson, 1879 (by o. d.) -

Recent, Fiji Islands.

Gaza p oly ch oronos n. sp.

Colour Figs B1-B2, Figs 61-67, Table 5

Type material. Holotype (14.5 x 18.4 mm) MNHN

(24977). Paratype (12.9 x 16.5 mm) MNHN (24978).

Type locality. French Polynesia, Société Islands, Bora

Bora, TARASOC, stn DW3418, 16°33’S, 151°48'W,

580-618 m.

Material examined. French Polynesia, Société

Islands. TARASOC: stn DW3418, 16°33'S,

151°48'W, 580-618 m, 1 lv (holotype). - Stn

DW3497, 17°43'S, 149°14'W, 365-850 m, 1 lv

(paratype).

Distribution. French Polynesia, Société Islands,

living at 580-618 m.

Diagnosis. A rather small white Gaza species with a

moderately elevated, more or less conical spire, a

rounded periphery; First whorls smooth, last whorls

with numerous spiral cords, granular on adapical half

and almost smooth on abapical half; granular callus

covering a fairly wide umbilicus.

Description. Shell of rather small size for the genus

(height up to 14.5 mm, width up to 18.4 mm), wider

than high, thin, conical, with a rounded periphery;

spire moderately elevated, height 0.7x to 0.8x width,

1.8x to 2.2x aperture height; fairly broad umbilicus.

Protoconch of about 200-250 jum, of 1.25 whorl, low,

smooth, glossy, without terminal varix.

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

Teleoconch up to 5.8 convex whorls, bearing

numerous spiral, similar in size cords; adapical cords

granular, abapical cords smooth; on last whorls, thin,

prosocline axial threads between spiral cords. Suture

visible, not canaliculated.

First whorl convex, almost smooth with growth Unes

poorly visible. On second whorl, low, poorly marked,

axial folds appearing under suture. On third whorl,

axial folds stronger, weakly prosocline, ending on

adapical part with a rounded bead; 4 smooth, very

thin, spiral cords appearing on abapical half. On fourth

whorl, axial folds thinner, becoming thin threads,

more numerous and more prosocline, covering ail

adapical half; subsutural beads resolving in a

subsutural, roundly granular, spiral cord; at begin of

whorl, 4 thin spiral cords appearing on adapical half,

increasing in number by intercalation under suture,

giving a reticulate pattern by intersection with axial

threads; abapical cords nearly smooth to subgranular.

On last whorls, number of spiral cords reaching 16 to

18; cords evenly spaced, distance between cords

similar in size or slightly greater than cords, very

different in shape on the two halves: cords of abapical

half rather thin, almost smooth or slightly subgranular,

elevated, with thin axial threads between them; cords

of abapical half thicker, lower, granular,

Aperture well rounded, slightly deflected on adult

shell, with srnall, inner denticles ail around outer and

inner lip; outer lip slightly flared at rim, inner lip

meeting outer lip with a weak angle on subadult

specimen.

Columella arched, without tooth, with a basal flaring

on subadult sample.

Base convex, with up to 30 spiral cords; up to 50 axial

threads around umbilicus; distance between spiral

cords smaller than cords; cords of two outermost

thirds smooth, thin; cords of innermost third wider,

granular by intersection with axial threads.

Umbilicus fairly wide (diameter 9% to 10% of shell

width), deep, funnel shaped, with steep sloping,

slightly concave walls, covered by a moderately thin

columellar callus (broken on paratype) covered by

numerous, irregular in size and shape granules; thin,

weak axial threads inside.

Colour of teleoconch nacreous white with pinkish

sheen; protoconch pinkish brown (holotype).

H/W

H/HA

holotype

5.8

14.5

18.4

6.7

0.79

2.16

paratype

5.6

12.9

19.5

7.1

0.66

1.82

Table 5. - Gazapolychoronos n. sp.: Shells measurements in mm for types.

Discussion. The new species is provisionally placed

into the Gaza genus, regarding its spiral sculpture, its

rounded, prosocline aperture and the umbilical callus,

although it has an only weakly descending suture and

a poorly reflected peristome (features used by Simone,

2006).

The new species is rather close to Gaza daedala

Watson, 1879 (Figs 68-69) from Fiji, but this similar

in size species has much thinner, more numerous

spiral cords on the whorls (25 spiral lines in

penultimate whorl), has a higher H/W ratio (1.24), a

body whorl with a weak spiral carina between middle

and lower thirds and a smooth, not granular callus.

Etymology. Bead-shaped object (Greek : xopovoQ

and numerous (Greek : ttoAajÇ, àu), used as a

noun in apposition - with reference to the granular

umbilical callus.

Acknowledgements

I would like to thank P. Bouchet (Muséum national

d'Histoire naturelle, Paris) for reading the manuscript,

constructive advice and access to the malacological

resources of the MNHN, and V. Héros (MNHN) for

her help in finding various scientific papers.

Also, I am very grateful to A. Salvador (Natural

History Muséum, London) for her help for her help to

search material in the NHMUK collections and to get

photographs of types and information about them.

T also would like to thank G. Poppe and J. Sarino

(Conchology, Inc., Philippines) for the kind

permission to use the types photographs they hâve

sent.

Figures 59-69. Scale bars = 5 mm.

59-60. Thysanodonta cf aucklandica Marshall, 1988, Tuamotu Archipelago, 889 m [TARASOC stn DW33891

6.8 x 5.5 mm.

nwi Caypofyctonmos n. sp., Société Islands. 61-64. Holotype MNHN (24977), 580-618 m [TARASOC, stn

n-A n AO^ 1 " 63 ' l4 ' 5 X 18,4 mm; 64 ‘ Detail of the granular callus. 65-67. Paratype MNHN (24978), 520-572 m

[TARASOC, stn DW3497], 12.9 x 16.5 mm.

68-69. Gaza daedala Watson, 1879, holotype NHMUK (1887-2-9-346), Fiji, Kandavu, 1128 m, 20.6 x 17.0 mm

lotographs courtesy of Phil Crabb, NHMUK Photographie Unit.

C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

C. VlLVENS

Seguenzioidea and Trochoidea from French Polynesia

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C. VlLVENS

Novapex 13(1): 1-23, 10 mars 2012

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R. HOUART

Novapex 13(1): 25-28, 10 mars 2012

Description of a new species in the Siratus pliciferoides group

(Gastropoda: Muricidae) from the Philippines

Roland HOUART

Research Associate

Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique

Rue Vautier, 29, B-1000 Bruxelles, Belgium

roland.houart@skynet.be

KEYWORDS. Philippines, Gastropoda, Muricidae, Siratus n. sp.

ABSTRACT. A new species of Siratus is described from Balut Island, Philippines. It is compared

with Siratus pliciferoides (Kuroda, 1942). The synonymy of Siratus pliciferoides is reviewed and

commented.

RESUME. Une nouvelle espèce de Siratus est décrite de l'île de Balut aux Philippines. Elle est

comparée à Siratus pliciferoides (Kuroda, 1942). La synonymie de Siratus pliciferoides est passée

en revue et commentée.

INTRODUCTION

The Siratus pliciferoides group contains four names

usually considered to be monospecific: Chicoreus

pliciferoides (Figs 4-7, 15) was described by Kuroda

(1942: 81) as a substitute name for Murex pliciferus

Sowerby, 1841 which was preceded by, and thus a

homonym of, M. pliciferus Bivona-Bemardi, 1832.

The species occurs widely in an area consisting of the

Philippines, the China Seas, Taiwan and Southern

Japan.

Murex (Siratus) propinquus was described by Kuroda

& Azuma in Azuma (1961: 300) for a quite similar

shell from Japan but with a comparatively lower spire,

a shorter siphonal canal and a broader last teleoconch

whorl. This form is currently known from Western

Australia as well as from the Philippines, Taiwan and

Japan (Figs 8-10).

A third name, Siratus hirasei was given by Shikama

(1973: 5) who described another form from Japan,

with broad varices, short spines and broad, straight,

short siphonal canal as illustrated here (Figs 11-12).

Finally, S. vicdani was described by Kosuge (1980:

55) who separated it from both S. alabaster (Reeve,

1845) and S. pliciferoides. It differs from the latter by

having angulate shouldered spire whorls and more

strongly webbed varices (Figs 13-14).

Siratus pliciferoides being the oldest available name,

ail the other names were considered objective junior

synonyms by Vokes (1971: 86), Fair (1976: 69) and

Radwin & D’Attilio (1976: 107), for Siratus

propinquus only, the other shells having been

described after Vokes (1971). Fair (1976) and Radwin

& D’Attilio (1976) probably were not aware of the

description of Siratus hirasei in a little-known

Japanese publication.

Houart (1992: 110) and Merle et al (2011: 100) also

considered ail these names as being conspecific.

Since 1992, 1 had the opportunity to examine

numerous specimens of ail these forms from the

geographical distribution area and 1 am less certain

about some of these names being synonym of S.

pliciferoides. Maybe eventual DNA researches will

confirm or invalidate the validity of these names.

Another new species, probably part of this group, is

here described for the first time from the Philippines.

Abbreviations

Repository

EGS coll. : Collection of Evelyn Guillot de Suduiraut

IRSNB: Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de

Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium.

MNHN: Muséum national d'Ffistoire naturelle, Paris,

France.

RH coll. : Collection of the author.

Terminology used to describe the spiral cords

(after Merle, 1999 and 2001) (Text Fig. 1)

P: primary cord; s: secondary cord; t: tertiary cord;

ad: adapical (or adapertural); ab: abapical (or

abapertural); IP: infrasutural primary cord (primary

cord on subsutural ramp); adis: adapical infrasutural

secondary cord (on subsutural ramp); abis: abapical

infrasutural secondary cord (on subsutural ramp); PI:

shoulder cord; P2-P6: primary cords of the convex

part of the teleoconch whorl; sl-s6: secondary cords

of the convex part of the teleoconch whorl (example:

si = secondary cord between PI and P2; s2 =

secondary cord between P2 and P3, etc.);

ADP: adapertural primary cord on the siphonal canal;

MP: médian primary cord on the siphonal canal;

ABP: abapertural primary cord on the siphonal canal;

ads: adapertural secondary cord on the siphonal canal;

ms: médian secondary cord on the siphonal canal;

abs: abapertural secondary cord on the siphonal canal.

R. Houart

Siratus evelynae n.sp.

Text Fig. 1. Spiral cords terminology (paratype MNHN)

SYSTEMATICS

Family MURLCIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily MURICINAE Rafinesque, 1815

Genus Siratus Jousseaume, 1880

Type species, by original désignation: Purpura Sirat

"Adanson" Jousseaume, 1880 (= Murex senegalensis

Gmelin, 1791), Recent, Brazil.

Siratus evelynae n. sp.

Text Figs 1-2, Figs 1-3

Type material. Philippines, Digos, Davao del sur,

coral rubble, 150-200 m, by tangle nets, holotype

IRSNB IG.32073/MT2574.

Paratypes: Philippines, Balut Island, south of

Mindanao, in 400 m, by tangle net, 1 MNHN IM-

2010-19527; Digos, Davao, in 400 m, by tangle nets,

2 RH coll.; Davao, coral rubble, sandy mud, 200-400

m, by tangle net, 1 RH coll, 1 EGS coll.

Distribution. Currently only known trom the type

material: Philippines, south of Mindanao, live in 150-

400 m, by tangle nets.

Description. Shell medium sized foi the genus, up to

112 mm in height (paratype EGS). Height/width ratio

2.0-2.2. Slender, biconical, broadly ovate, heavy, very

weakly spinose, tuberculate. Subsutural ramp broad,

strongly sloping, convex. Creamy white or light tan

with tan, brown or dark brown spiral cords. Aperture

white.

Spire high, acute, with a teleoconch of 8 broadly

convex, weakly shouldered, nodose whorls. Suture

weakly adpressed. Protoconch unknown.

Axial sculpture of teleoconch whorls consisting of

high, broad, rounded ribs and high, narrow, rounded

varices. Two first teleoconch whorls eroded. Three

varices and two intervarical broad ribs from third to

last whorl. Last whorl occasionally with two broad

and one narrow ribs on last portion of whorl, between

second and apertural varix. Spiral sculpture of low,

narrow, primary, secondary, tertiary cords and narrow

threads. Spiral sculpture of shoulder ramp of last

teleoconch whorl consisting of adis, IP and abis with a

tertiary cord between each. Convex part of last

teleoconch whorl of PI (shoulder cord), t, si, t, P2, t,

s2, t, P3, t, s3, t, P4, s4, P5, s5, P6, t, s6, t, ABP, abs,

MP, ms, ABP, abs. Few threads and secondary cords

occasionally of same strength and height; occasionally

with a few additional narrow threads.

Aperture moderately large, roundly ovate. Columellar

lip naiTOw, smooth, with strong, low pariétal tooth at

adapical extremity. Lip adhèrent. Anal notch deep,

narrow. Outer lip erect, crenulated with numerous,

elongate, narrow denticles within, many of them split.

Siphonal canal long, 39-43% of total shell length.,

broad adapically, abruptly tapered and very narrow

abapically, weakly recurved dorsally.

Operculum dark brown, ovate, inverted tear-shaped,

with apical nucléus and 9 or 10 concentric ridges at

outer surface. Attached surface with 10 growth lines

and broad, callused rim.

Radula unknown.

Figures 1-15

1-3. Siratus evelynae n. sp.

1-2. Philippine, Digos, Davao del sur, coral rubble, 150-200 m, holotype IRSNB IG.32073/MT2574,83.3 mm;

3. Balut Island, south of Mindanao, in 400 m, paratype MNHN IM-2010-19527, 81.7 mm

4-7. Siratus pliciferoides (Kuroda, 1942). 4-5. Northeast of Taiwan, RH, 134 mm; 6. Philippines, Bohol, RH,

128.4 mm; 7. Japan, Tosa, RH, 113.5 mm; 8-10. Siratus pliciferoides "form" propinquus Kuroda & Azuma,

1961; 8-9. Northeast of Taiwan, RH, 106.4 mm; 10. West Australia, Port Hedland, RH 93 2 mnr 11-12 Siratus

pliciferoides "form" hirasei Shikama, 1973, Japan, Minabe, RH, 96.1 mm; 13-14. Siratus pliciferoides "form"

vicdani Kosuge, 1980, Philippines, Mactan, RH, 38.4 mm; 15. Siratus pliciferoides (Kuroda 19421 Philippines,

juvénile, RH, 38.2 mm. h

R. HOUART

Novapex 13(1): 25-28, 10 mars 2012

R. Houart

Siratus evelynae n.sp.

Remarks. Siratus evelynae is probably related to the

Siratus pliciferoides group, however it differs

consistently from S. pliciferoides and related forms in

being more strongly biconical, in having a last

teleoconch whorl with a more sloping shoulder ramp,

giving the shell a more rounded shape vs shouldered

in S. pliciferoides and related forms, and in starting a

broad siphonal canal but promptly tapering to become

very narrow at its abapical extremity.

Siratus evelynae also differs in having a spineless

shell except for a sériés of short, acute, broadly open,

webbed spines abapically. The new species also has a

lower spire compared to the shell height, being ot 27-

28% of total shell height in S. evelynae n. sp. vs 37-

39% in S. pliciferoides and 41-46% in Siratus

propinquus or the "propinquus" form, whatever it may

be. The two other names are strongly related to S.

pliciferoides and do not need to be compared here,

although illustrated (Figs 11-14).

Etymology. I am very happy to dedicate this new

species to Evelyn Guillot de Suduiraut, wife of the late

well-known Emmanuel Guillot de Suduiraut.

Acknowledgements

I am greatly indebted to Evelyn Guillot de Suduiraut

and to her daughter Jackylen to having brought my

attention to this interesting species and for the gift of

the holotype. Many thanks also to John Wolff,

Lancaster, Pennsylvania, USA, for checking the

English text and to Claude Vilvens, Oupeye, Belgium

for critical comments.

REFERENCES

Azuma, M. 1961. Descriptions of six new species of

Japanese marine Gastropoda. Venus 21(3):

296-303.

Fair, R.Fl. 1976. The Murex Book, an illustrated

catalogue of Recent Mûrie idae (Muricinae,

Muricopsinae, Ocenebrinae), Sturgis Printing Co.,

Honolulu, Hawaii: 1-138.

Flouart, R. 1992. The genus Chicoreus and related

généra (Gastropoda: Muricidae) in the Indo-West

Pacific. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire

naturelle , (A), 154: 1-188.

Kosuge, S. 1980. Descriptions of three new species of

the Family Muricidae (Gastropoda: Muricacea).

Bulletin of the Institute of Malacology, Tokyo

1(4): 53-58.

Kuroda, T. 1942. Two Japanese murices whose names

hâve been preoccupied. Venus 12(1-2): 80-81.

Merle, D. 1999. La radiation des Muricidae

(Gastropoda : Neogastropoda) au Paléogène:

approche phylogénétique et évolutive. Paris.

Unpublished thesis, Muséum national d'Histoire

naturelle : i-vi, 1-499.

Merle, D. 2001. The spiral cords and the internai

denticles of the outer lip in the Muricidae:

terminology and methodological comments.

Novapex 2 (3): 69-91.

Merle, D., Garrigues, B. & Pointier, J.P. 2011. Fossil

and Recent Muricidae of the World -Part

Muricinae- Ed. Conchbooks, D-55546

Hackenheim: 1-648.

Radwin G. & D'Attilio, A. 1976. Murex shells of the

world. An illustrated guide to the Muricidae.

Stanford University Press, Stanford: 1-284.

Shikama, T. 1973. Description of new marine

Gastropoda from the East and South China Seas.

Science Reports oj the Yokohama National

University 20: 1-8.

Vokes, E.H. 1971. Catalogue of the genus Murex

Linné (Mollusca: Gastropoda. Muricinae,

Ocenebrinae. Bulletin of American Paleontology

61 (268): 1-141.

E. Rolan & F. Rubio

NOVAPEX 13(1): 29-32, 10 mars 2012

A new species of the genus Leucorhynchia (Gastropoda, Turbinidae)

from West Africa

Emilio ROLÂN

Museo de Historia Natural, Campus Universitario Sur, 15782, Santiago de Compostela,

erolan@emiliorolan.com

Federico RUBIO

Pintor Ribera, 4-16 a , 46930 Quart de Poblet (Valencia)

federubio@ono.com

KEYWORDS. Turbinidae, Leucorhynchia , West Africa, new species.

ABSTRACT. A new species of Leucorhynchia is described from Principe Island, West Africa. It

is compared with L. lirata (E.A. Smith, 1871).

INTRODUCTION

The genus Leucorhynchia Crosse, 1867 was

considered of Indo-Pacific distribution until it was

reported from the West African coast by Adam &

Knudsen (1969), who described a new species:

Leucorhynchia bicarinata and figured two more

species previously included in the genus Ethalia :

Leucorhynchia plicata (Smith, 1871) and L. lirata

(E.A. Smith, 1871).

Rubio & Rolan (1991) illustrated specimens of

Leucorhynchia bicarinata and L. lirata collected in

Sâo Tomé and Principe, giving from the latter one

drawing of the soft parts and SEM photographs of the

protoconch and radula. At the same time they included

in the same genus L. punctata (Jousseaume, 1872),

previously placed in the genus Teinostoma A. Adams,

1853.

So far, there are four recognized species within the

genus Leucorhynchia: L. caledonica Crosse, 1867

(type species of the genus), of Indo-Pacific

distribution, the other three having a West African

distribution: L. punctata Jousseaume, 1872, L. lirata

(E.A. Smith, 1871) and L. bicarinata Adam &

Knudsen, 1969

In the sédiments recently collected at the island of

Principe by the ïtalian malacologist Sandro Gori,

during a visit to the islands of Sào Tomé and Principe,

some shells appeared to belong to a new species,

which is described in the présent work.

SYSTEMATICS

Family TURBINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily SKENEINAE Clark, 1851

Genus Leucorhynchia Crosse, 1867

Type species: Leucorhynchia caledonica Crosse,

1867. Recent. New Caledonia.

Leucorhynchia gorii spec. nov.

Figs 6-7, 9, 11

Type material. Holotype (Fig. 7) deposited in the

Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle, Paris (MNHN

24633). Paratypes: Museo de Ciencias Naturales of

Madrid (MNCN 15.05/60001,1 shell) (Fig 6); Museo

de Historia Natural de Santiago de Compostela

(MHNS 100556, 1 shell); collection of Sandro Gori (1

shell).

Type locality. Tinhosa Pequena, 25 m, Island of

Principe, Republic of Sâo Tomé and Principe.

Distribution. Only known from the type locality.

Description. Shell minute, lenticular, solid, and cream

in colour. Protoconch with only one smooth whorl and

a diameter of 227-230 pm. Teleoconch with a little

over two whorls, almost lacking sculpture at the

beginning, but on which some sulci shortly appear;

they are undulating at first and after the first whorl are

of circular shape; they become more irregular and on

the last half-whorl they turn into smooth cords, a little

irregular, separated by spaces almost of a similar

width and where it is possible to see under

magnification, tubercles and lines in an axial direction

are observed. In the ventral side there is a well opened

umbilicus, within which there are four prominent

spiral sulci. In the border of the umbilical

infundibulum short axial ribs are formed. The spire

ends in a circular and very regular aperture with a

narrow and free peristome, which extends until getting

in contact with the previous whorl.

Dimensions. Holotype 1.5 mm in diameter; paratypes

are of a similar size.

E. Rolan & F. Rubio

A new Leucorhynchia from West Africa

Discussion. Leucorhynchia gorii spec. nov. shows an

apparent similarity with L. lirata , because of its

rounded form, its small protoconch, the beginning of

the spiral sculpture with cords with dépréssions, which

later disappear. But L. lirata has a larger shell (up to

3.5 mm, as opposed to 1.6 mm the new species may

reach). The nurnber of whorls in the teleoconch of an

adult L. lirata is about 3 !4, while L. gorii has no more

than 2 l A whorls. The spiral whorls which form the

sculpture of the teleoconch, after the First whorl, hâve

smaller interspaces in L. lirata and wider in L. gorii.

The most important différence between these two

species is on the base where L. lirata has a very close

umbilicus while that of L. gorii is wider showing the

spiral cords on its inner part. The juvéniles of L . lirata

hâve a wider umbilicus but are similar in size to L.

gorii ; the aperture of L. lirata has quicker

development and the umbilicus is bordered by very

different elevated cords.

Etymology. The new species is named after Sandro

Gori who collected the sédiments where the shells

were found.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

To Jésus Méndez of the Centro de Apoyo Tecnolôgico

a la Investi gaciôn (CACTI) of the University of Vigo,

where the SEM photographs were made. Antonio A.

Monteiro revised the English.

REFERENCES

Adam, W. & Knudsen, J., 1969. Quelques genres de

mollusques prosobranches marins inconnus ou peu

connus de l’Afrique occidentale. Bulletin Institut

royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique , 44(27):

1-69.

Rubio, F. & Rolan, E., 1991 “1990”. Aportaciones a

los conocimientos sobre los micromoluscos de

Âfrica Occidental. 2. Archaeogastropoda de Sâo

Tomé y Principe. Iberus , 9(1-2): 209-219.

Figures 1-7

1-5. Leucorhynchia lirata Adam & Knudsen, 1969.

1-2. Adult shell, 2.9 x 3.0 mm, Tinhosa Pequena, Principe I.; 3-5. Juvéniles, 1.9, 1.8 and 1.54 mm Tinhosa

Pequena.

6-7. Leucorhynchia gorii spec. nov.

6. Paratype, 1.6 mm (MNCN 15.05/60001); 7. Holotype, 1.5 mm (MNHN 24633).

E. Rolan & F. Rubio

Novapex 13(1): 29-32, 10 mars 2012

—

E. Rolan & F. Rubio

A new Leucorhynchia from West Africa

Figures 8-11

8-19. Protoconchs of Leucorhynchia species

8. Leucorhynchia lirata Adam & Knudsen, 1969; 9. Leucorhynchia gorii spec nov

10-11 . Microsculpture of Leucorhynchia species

10. Leucorhynchia lirata Adam & Knudsen, 1969; 11. Leucorhynchia gorii spec nov

D. P. ClLIA

Novapex 13(1): 33-36, 10 mars 2012

A new Javan species of Agaronia Gray, 1839

(Neogastropoda, Olividae)

David P. CILIA

29, Triq il-Palazz 1-Ahmar, Santa Vénéra SVR1454, Malta

dpcilia@gmail.com.

KEYWORDS. Olividae, Indian Océan, Java, Indonesia, Agaronia johnabbasi sp. nov.

ABSTRACT. A new species of olivid neogastropod from West Java, Agaronia johnabbasi sp.

nov., is described according to conchological characters. It is distinguished from congeners by

means of its distinctive morphology and colouration.

INTRODUCTION

The highly evolved gastropods in the family Olividae

are found circumglobally in predominantly tropical or

subtropical waters. Ail inhabit soft substrates

including sand and silt, though the depths at which

different species may be found vary from the littoral to

the sublittoral. The genus Agaronia Gray, 1839 is

sometimes regarded as forming part of the subfamily

Agaroniinae Olsson, 1956 (Olsson, 1956; Ponder &

Warén, 1988; Vaught, 1989; Sterba, 2004); though in

Bouchet & Rocroi (2005), this taxon is synonymized

with Olivinae Latreille, 1825. The majority of species

are concentrated along the west African and east

American coasti ines, with some Indian Océan

représentatives that include the species described

herein (see Table 1 for a complété list of recent

species).

Abbreviations

Descriptive: D - diameter; H - height.

Repositories: DC: collection of author, Santa Vénéra,

Malta; GP: collection of Guido T. Poppe, Cebu,

Philippines; JA: collection of John Abbas, Jakarta,

Indonesia; MNHN: Muséum national d’Histoire

naturelle, Paris, France; NMNH: National Muséum of

Natural History, Mdina, Malta.

MATERIALS & METHODS

Seven shells were collected by fishermen with bottom

trawling nets from the eastem bay in Pangandaran,

West Java, in late 2009, at a depth of about 60m. Their

shell morphology was compared and contrasted with

that of the five known sympatric congeners.

Maximum diameter and height of the shells, the

former incorporating the lip, were measured twice

using a dial caliper with a resolution of 50pm, the

average of the two measurements was then calculated

and noted.

SYSTEMATICS

Family OLIVIDAE Latreille, 1825

Subfamily OLIVINAE Latreille, 1825

Genus Agaronia Gray, 1839

Type species by monotypy Voluta hiatula Gmelin,

1791, West Africa

Agaronia johnabbasi sp. nov.

Figs.1-6

Type material. Collected by fishermen, c. -60m on

silty substrate, east Pangandaran Bay, Java, Indonesia,

October 2009. Holotype MNHN 23267; paratypes:

DC R.GA 1000-1; GP unreg.; JA unreg.; NMNH

unreg.

Type locality. East Pangandaran Bay, Java, Indonesia.

Description. Dextral solid shell, of maximum height

of about 40mm and a height/diameter ratio of about

2.8. Spire tall and conical, with a slightly concave

profile and featuring a spiral callus occupying about

half the height of each whorl. Widest band of the body

whorl a uniform dark-orange brown, sometimes with a

purplish tinge intensifying towards the suture. This

colouration is continuons along the spire, contrasting

with the orange-brown spiral callus. Thin wash of

white callus présent on the columellar side of the

aperture close to the filament channel. Just above the

postfasciole, a thin pale band is discemible. The

postfasciole and the fasciole are of the same colour

and are considerably paler than the main part of the

body whorl, with the former featuring a few very fine

spiral threads and numerous darker growth striae

which do not extend upon the fasciole. The belt and

the base of the columellar callosity are beige. Outer lip

thin, with its outline recurved, and, at the proximity of

the siphonal canal, almost parallel with the columellar

side of the aperture.

Dimensions. See Table 2 for details.

Remarks. In colouration, the new species is

remarkable in its distinct lack of pattern (except for

the growth lines typical of ail Agaronia) and,

unusually for the genus, the colouration of the

postfasciole and fasciole, which are lighter in colour

than the main part of the body whorl. The type locality

of the new species, Pangandaran Bay yields examples

D. P. ClLIA

A new Javan species of Agaronia

of ail other four Indian Océan représentatives of the

genus (J. Abbas, pers. comm. XI 1.2009) (refer to

Table 1). Of these, Agaronia nebulosa (Lamarck,

1811) may easily be distinguished by a reticulated

pattern over a (generally) very pale background

combined with a thick pariétal callosity, while

Agaronia gibbosa (Born, 1778) features réticulation, a

significantly lower H/D ratio, a strongly marked

postfasciole and a thick pariétal callosity. The lighter,

occasionally non-reticulated form flavescens Melvill,

1904 has a colour which is relatively close to that of

A . johnabbasi, but the dimensions and the

geographical provenance (South India) set it apart at

first glance. Agaronia lutaria (Rôding, 1798) is larger

and more slender, with a narrower aperture and strong

réticulation. The différences from A. johnabbasi are

herein illustrated by a juvénile specimen of the saine

size as two of the paratypes (Figs 7-8). A doser

relative of A. johnabbasi is Agaronia johnkochi

Voskuil, 1990 (Figs 9-10). This is suggested by the

absence of réticulation, a similarly curved outline of

the outer lip, a similarly proportioned spire callus

which does not bulge out disproportionately towards

the aperture, and the strong démarcation of colour, in

perpendicular direction to the filament channel,

between the pigmented spiral and the whitish pariétal

calluses. However, the spire of A. johnabbasi is higher

and more acutely angled than that of A. johnkochi ,

while the spiral callus is lighter in colour, contrasting

less with the rest of the whorl. The widest part of the

shell of A. johnabbasi is doser to the apical part of the

shell, the pariétal callus is thinner, and the oblique

striae on the pillar structure are thinner and doser to

each other, with no chromatic aberrations between

them; ail these features are consistent and may be used

for morphological différentiation between the two

species.

The gracile shell of A. johnabbasi is also similar to

that of the West African Agaronia hiatula

(Gmelin, 1791), but the outer lip is recurved and

therefore the aperture is narrower.

Etymology. The species is named after John Abbas

(Jakarta, Indonesia) who initially recognized the

species as a new one, kindly bringing it to the author s

attention.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The author is indebted to John Abbas for the

specimens sent for examination, including

comparative material, Eddy Wilmet (Mechelen,

Belgium) for comparative material, Jon Camilleri

(Birkirkara, Malta) for the photography of specimens,

Roland Houart (Landen, Belgium) for éditorial

comments and recommendations and John J. Borg

(NMNH), Philippe Bouchet & Virginie Héros

(MNHN), Guido Poppe & Sheila Tagaro

(conchology.be) for technical assistance.

REFERENCES

Bouchet, P. & Rocroi J.-P., 2005. Classification and

nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia ,

47(1-2): 1-397.

Marrat, F. P., 1871. Oliva , Bruguière. Thésaurus

Conchyliorum , 4: 1-46 + pis. 342-351.

Olsson, A. A., 1956. Studies on the genus Olivella.

Proceedings of the Academy of Nat lirai Sciences of

Philadelphia , 108: 155-225.

Petuch, E. J., 1987. New Caribbean molluscan faunas.

pp. i-v + 1-154 + Al-A4 + 29 pl. Virginia (Coastal

Education and Research Foundation).

Ponder, W. F. & Warén, A., 1988. Classification of

the Caenogastropoda and Heterostropha - A list of

the family-group names and higher taxa.

Malacological Review , Supplément 4: 288-326.

Sterba, G. H. W., 2004. Olividae a collectors guide.

pp. 1-172. Hackenheim (Conchbooks).

Teso, V. & Pastorino, G., 2011. A révision of the

genus Olivancillaria (Mollusca: Olividae) from the

southwestern Atlantic. Zootaxa , 2889: 1-34.

Vaught, K. C., 1989. A classification of the living

Mollusca. pp. i-xii T 1-195. Florida (American

Malacologists, Inc.).

Figures 1-10

1-6. Agaronia johnabbasi sp. nov. East Pangandaran Bay, Java, Indonesia.

1-2. Holotype, MNHN 23267, 38mm; 3-4. Paratype 1, DPC R.GA1000, 41 mm; 5-6. Paratype 4, NMNH unreg.,

31mm.

7-8. Agaronia lutaria (Rôding, 1798), East Pangandaran Bay, Java, Indonesia, 31mm (juvénile).

9-10. Agaronia johnkochi Voskuil, 1990. East Pangandaran Bay, Java, Indonesia, 47mm

D. P. ClLIA

NOVAPEX 13(1): 33-36, 10 mars 2012

D. P. ClLIA

A new Javan species of Agaronia

Name and authority

Distribution

Oceanic division

Agaronia acuminata (Lamarck, 1811)

West Africa

East Atlantic

A. adamii Terzer, 1992

Philippines

West Pacific

A. annotata Marrat, 1871

West Africa

East Atlantic

A. cauta (Marrat, 1871)

West Africa

East Atlantic

A. gibbosa (Born, 1778)

India to Malaya

East Indian Océan

A. griseoalba (von Martens, 1897)

Central America (west)

East Pacific

A. hiatula (Gmelin, 1791)

West Africa

East Atlantic

A. hilli Petuch, 1987

Central America (east)

West Atlantic

A. jesuitarum Lôpez, Montoya-Maquin

& Lôpez, 1988

Central America (west)

East Pacific

A. johnabbasi sp. nov.

Indonesia

East Indian Océan

A. johnkochi Voskuil, 1990

Indonesia

East Indian Océan

A. leonardhilli Petuch, 1987

Central America (east)

West Atlantic

A. lutaria (Rôding, 1798)

Indonesia

East Indian Océan

A. nebulosa (Lamarck, 1811)

Indonesia

East Indian Océan

A. nica Lôpez, Montoya-Maquln &

Lôpez, 1988

Central America (west)

East Pacific

A. propatula (Conrad, 1849)

Central America (west)

East Pacific

A. razetoi Terzer, 1992

West Africa

East Atlantic

A. steeriae (Reeve, 1850)

South America (east)

West Atlantic

A. testacea (Lamarck, 1811)

Central America (west)

East Pacific

A. travassosi Morretes, 1938

South America (east)

West Atlantic

Table 1. Recent species of Agaronia Gray, 1839 based onMarrat (1871), Petuch (1987), Sterba (2004), Teso &

Pastorino (2011) and the présent research. Bold type indicates species in close geographical proximity to the new

species.

Holotype

MNHN

23267

Paratype 1

DC R.GA1000

Paratype 2

JA unreg.

Paratype

JA unreg.

Paratype

NMNH

unreg.

Paratype

unreg.

Paratype 6

DPC

R.GA1001

mean

H/D

2.7

2.9

2.8

l'able 2. Dimensions of the type sériés of Agaronia johnabbasi sp. nov. (7 specimens) and their mean value

Measurements are in millimétrés.

R. HOU ART

NOVAPEX 13(1): 37-41, 10 mars 2012

Description of Muricopsis (Muricopsis) gorii

(Gastropoda: Muricidae: Muricopsinae)

from Southern Sâo Tomé

Roland HOU ART

Research Associate

Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique

Rue Vautier, 29, B-1000 Bruxelles, Belgium

roland.houart@skynet.be

KEYWORDS. Sâo Tomé, Muricidae, Muricopsinae, Muricopsis n. sp.

ABSTRACT. A new species of Muricopsis is described from Sete Pedras Island, Sâo Tomé. ït is

compared with Muricopsis matildeae Rolân & Fernandes, 1991.

RESUME. Une nouvelle espèce de Muricopsis est décrite de l'île de Sete Pedras à Sâo Tomé. Elle

est comparée avec Muricopsis matildeae Rolân & Fernandes, 1991.

INTRODUCTION

A few muricopsine species were described recently

from Sâo Tomé and Principe and from Annobon Island

by Rolân & Fernandes (1991), Houart & Rolân (2001),

Houart (2005), Rolân & Gori (2007) and Houart & Gori

(2008).

Four Recent species and one subspecies of Muricopsis

s.s. were described from Sâo Tomé: M. (M.)

matildeae Rolân & Fernandes, 1991, M. (M.) rutilus

mariangelae Rolân & Fernandes, 1991, M. (M.)

delemarrei Houart, 2005, M. (M.) hemandezi Rolân &

Gori, 2007, and Muricopsis (M.) testorii Houart &

Gori, 2008. Two other species are known from two

closely situated islands: Muricopsis (M.) pnncipensis

Rolân & Fernandes, 1991- which occurs only in

Principe and M (M.) annobonensis Houart & Rolân,

2001 which is endemic to Annobon Island.

The new species described herein was recently

discovered east of Sete Pedras Island (Fig. 1).

Abbreviations

IRSNB: Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de

Belgique, Bruxelles, Belgium.

MNHN: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris,

France.

PR: Collection Peter Ryall.

RH: Collection Roland Houart.

SG: Collection Sandro Gori.

Tenninology used to describe the spiral cords and

the internai denticles of the outer lip (based on Merle

1999 and 2001) (Fig. 2).

P: primary spiral cord; SP: subsutural cord;

P: shoulder cord; P2-P6 : primary cords of the convex

part of the teleoconch whorl; ADP: adapical primary

cord on the siphonal canal; MP: médian primary cord

on the siphonal canal; ID: infrasutural denticle of the

aperture; DI to D5: abapical denticles of the aperture

Fig. 1. Map of Sâo Tomé and location of the type

locality of Muricopsis (M.) gorii n.sp.

R. Houart

A new Muricopsis from Sâo Tomé

Fig. 2. Muricopsis (Muricopsis) gorii n. sp. Spiral sculpture and apertural denticle morphology (paratype SG, 9.6

mm).

SYSTEMATICS

Family MURICIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily MURICOPSINAE Radwin & D'Attilio,

1971

Genus Muricopsis Bucquoy & Dautzenberg, 1882

Subgenus Muricopsis Bucquoy & Dautzenberg, 1882

Type species by original désignation: Murex

blainvillei Payraudeau, 1826 (= Murex cristatus

Brocchi, 1814). Recent; Mediterranean.

Muricopsis (Muricopsis) gorii n. sp.

Figs 1,2, 3-8

Type material. Holotype MNHN 24275, 8.6 mm, 1

paratype PR, 9.6 mm, 1 paratype RH, 9.6 mm, 2

paratypes SG, 8.5 mm and 9.9 mm, Sâo Tomé, east of

Sete Pedras, 30 m, collected on small rounded stones.

Distribution. Currently only known from Sete Pedras,

Sâo Tomé, in 30 m.

Description. Shell small for the genus, up to 9.9 mm

in height at maturity. Height/width ratio 1.9 - 2.1.

Slender, biconical, weakly spinose, nodose, lightly

built. Subsutural ramp broad, weakly concave, weakly

sloping on spire whorls, more strongly sloping on last

teleoconch whorl. Bright orange, weakly darker

coloured on subsutural ramp, outer edge of columellar

lip and apertural denticles lighter coloured or white.

Figures 3-15

3-8. Muricopsis (Muricopsis) gorii Houart, n. sp., East of Sete Pedras, Sâo Tomé, on small rounded stones, 30 m

3-4. Holotype MNHN 24275, 8.6 mm; 5-6. Paratype SG, 9.9 mm; 7-8. Paratype RH, 9.5 mm.

9-14. Muricopsis (Muricopsis) matildeae Rolân & Fernandes, 1991.

9-10. Lago Azul, Sâo Tomé, 15 m, SG, 9 mm; 11-14. Ponto de Diego Vaz, Sâo Tomé, 12 m SG 11-12 9 6 mm;

13-14. 10.4 mm.

15^ Muricopsis (Muricopsis) testorii Houart & Gori, 2008. Northwest Sâo Tomé, Lagoa Azul, 00°24.4T N,

06°36.18' E, offshore, 37 m, on dead corals, holotype IRSNB IG.31 042/MT 1977, 18.8 mm.

■

R.Houart

Novapex 13(1): 37-41, 10 mars 2012

R. Houart

A new Murïcopsis from Sâo Tomé

Spire high with 1.5 protoconch whorls and teleoconch

up to 4 or 5 broad, convex, strongly shouldered,

nodose whorls. Suture adpressed. Protoconch small,

whorls smooth with a narrow, strong, single keel

adapically. Protoconch of holotype with a second

weak shallow keel abapically, width 600-650 pm.

terminal lip narrow, weakly raised, curved.

Axial sculpture of teleoconch whorls consisting of

moderately high, strong, broad, nodose ribs and

varices. First and second whorl with 7 or 8 ribs, third

and fourth with 6 or 7 ribs, last whorls with 4 or 5

broad, moderately high varices, each with 5 small,

broad, short open spines at intersection of P1-P5 spiral

cords with axial varices. Spiral sculpture of

moderately high, narrow primary cords: first

teleoconch whorl with visible SP, PI and P2, second

with SP, PI, P2 and P3 partially covered by

succeeding whorl, and several threads between

primary cords. Last whorl with SP, P1-P6, ADP and

occasional MP. Presence of several narrow threads

between each pair of cords. P1-P4 of approximately

similar size and strength, P5 and P6 narrower.

Aperture small, ovate. Columellar lip broad, lip

strongly flaring abapically, adhèrent at adapical

extremity, smooth. Anal notch deep, narrow. Outer lip

erect, smooth, with 5 strong denticles within: ID, Dl-

D2 fused, D3, D4 and D5. Siphonal canal short,

narrow, straight, weakly tapered abapically, narrowly

open.

Operculum and radula unknown.

Remarks. Muricopsis (M.) gorii n.sp. is closely

related to Muricopsis (M.) matildeae which lives in

Sao Tomé and Principe and which, together with its

typical form (Figs 9-10), shows a variety of shell

colours from light orange to dark brown, occasionally

with a white siphonal canal (Figs 11-14). However, ail

these forms are sympatric and the shell morphology is

quite similar. Not any of these could be definitely

separated from the typical shell.

Muricopsis (M.) gorii , in addition to having a bright

dark orange colour, differs from M. matildeae in

having a more strongly shouldered and angulate shell;

higher and comparatively broader axial ribs on the 3

or 4 adapical teleoconch whorls and still higher and

more conspicuous on the last teleoconch whorl but

comparatively narrower than in M. matildeae ; in

having a less sloping subsutural ramp from second to

last teleoconch whorls, and in having blunt, broad,

short spines at intersection of axial and spiral

sculpture while absent or low in M. matildeae.

Muricopsis (M.) testorii Houart & Gori, 2008 (Fig.

15), another species described from Sao Tomé is also

orange coloured but differs in many ways (size and

shell morphology) and doesn't need to be compared

here.

The other Muricopsis s.s. species described from Sâo

Tomé, Principe and Annobon are very different and

don't need to be compared either.

Figures 16-19. Protoconchs (scale bar: 0.5 mm)

16-17. Muricopsis (Muricopsis) gorii n. sp. 16. Protoconch; 17. Protoconch and First teleoconch whorls.

18-19. Muricopsis (Muricopsis) matildeae Rolân & Fernandes, 1991. 18. Protoconch; 19. Protoconch and first

teleoconch whorls.

R. HOUART

NOVAPEX 13(1): 37-41, 10 mars 2012

Etymology. I am particularly pleased to naine this

new species in honour of Sandro Gori (Livorno, Italy)

who kindly donated the types and other material and

who discovered many new taxa during his field trips

in Sâo Tomé and Principe.

Acknowledgements

I am very grateful to Sandro Gori for the opportunity

he gives me to study his material and for donating

specimens. Thanks also to John Wolff, Lancaster,

Pennsylvania, USA, for checking the English text.

REFERENCES

Houart, R. 2005. Description of a new species of

Muricopsis (Gastropoda: Muricidae:

Muricopsinae) from Sâo Tomé, West Africa.

Novapex 6(4): 119-122.

Houart, R. & Gori, S. 2008. Description of a new

Muricopsis species (Muricidae: Muricopsinae)

from Northwest Sâo Tomé. Novapex 9(4): 149-

153.

Houart, R. & Rolân, E. 2001. A new Muricopsis

(Gastropoda, Muricidae) from Annobôn Island,

Eastem Atlantic. Novapex 2(2): 61-66.

Merle D. 1999. La radiation des Muricidae

(Gastropoda : Neogastropoda) au Paléogène:

approche phylogénétique et évolutive. Paris. Thèse

de doctorat du Muséum national d'Histoire

naturelle: i-vi, 1-499.

Merle D. 2001. The spiral cords and the internai

denticles of the outer lip in the Muricidae:

terminology and methodological comments.

Novapex 2(3): 69-91.

Rolân, E. & Fernandes, F. 1991. Muricopsis

(Risomurex) (Gastropoda, Muricidae) de las islas

de Sâo Tomé y Principe (Golfo de Guinea, Africa

Occidental). Apex 6( 1 -2): 11 -20.

Rolân, E. & Gori, S. 2007. A new species of

Muricopsis (Muricidae: Muricopsinae) from Sâo

Tomé Island. Novapex 8(1): 23-26.

E. Rolan & H. G. Lee

Novapex 13(1): 43-44, 10 mars 2012

Rissoina parkeri (Mollusca: Rissooidae): a curious Caribbean species

of uncertain status

Emilio ROLÂN

Museo de Historia Natural, Campus Universitario Sur

15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Harry G. LEE

4132 Ortega Forest Drive

Jacksonville, FL 32210-5813, USA

KEYWORDS. Gastropoda, Rissoina , Grand Cayman, Caribbean.

ABSTRACT. Two shells of a Rissoina with planktotrophic development found in Grand Cayman,

show the problematic of its diagnosis.

Recently malacologist David Kirsh collected two

specimens of a Rissoina in the waters of Grand

Cayman Island. Each shell possess a planktotrophic

protoconch (Figs 1-3) which character is not

consistent with any known congener from the

Caribbean (see Rolan & Fernândez-Garcés, 2010).

The shells are coincident in size and sculpture with

the figure and description of Rissoina parkeri , but

hâve one more teleoconch whorl than the holotype of

that species. This can explain why these two shells are

a little larger (6.2 and 6.0 mm) than the holotype (4.4

mm).

Olsson & Harbison (1953: 327-328, pl. 48, fig. 5)

described the fossil species Rissoina parkeri from

Shell Creek, Florida, USA. The type specimen is a

little immature, with the lip not fully developed. It was

deposited in ANSP (19434).

In the searchable database of the Florida Muséum

of Natural History (FLMNH) there is a shell with

Catalog Number 26545 from Glades County, Neogene

of Florida.

On the Internet database Malacog 4.1.1

(Rosenberg, 2009) R. parkeri is tentatively treated as a

synonym of Rissoina krebsii (Morch, 1876). However,

on examination of these two species it is évident that

the latter (Fig. 5) has more ribs and spiral cords and,

most important perhaps, a paucispiral protoconch (Fig.

6). Another similar species is Rissoina multicostata

(C.B. Adams, 1850) (Figs 7-8), which likewise has

many more ribs and cords but a paucispiral

protoconch (FigT 9).

The only problem is that the species R. parkeri

was considered a fossil while the two Kirsh shells

hâve the appearance of Recent mollusks. Given a

protoconch of more than 2 Vi whorl s, one must

présumé that if it is a Recent species it would be

known from other countries in the Caribbean and this

is not presently the case.

Another possibility is that this material, despite

bearing the appearance of Recent shells, may be from

a submarine Quarternary deposit.

Acknowledgements

The scanning électron micrographs were made by

Jesüs Méndez in the Centro de Apoyo Cientifico y

Tecnolôgico (CACTI) of the University of Vigo. To

David Kirsch for the loan of the specimens studied.

REFERENCES

Olsson, A.A. & Harbison, A. 1953. Pliocène Mollusca

of Southern Florida, with spécial reference to those

from North Saint Petersburg. Monographs of the

Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 8:

vii + 459, 65 pis.

Rolan, E., & Fernândez-Garcés, R. 2010. New

information on the Caribbean Rissoina

(Gastropoda, Rissoidae) of the group R.

sagraiana-cancellata, with the description of a

new species. Iber us, 28(1): 79-89.

Rosenberg, G. 2009. Malacolog 4.1.1: A Database of

Western Atlantic Marine Mollusca. [WWW

database (version 4.1.1)] URL

http://www.malacolog.org/ .

Specifically:

< http://www. malacolog.org/search. php?syns : =Show+S

vnonvms&showsvnonvms=true&mode=wheresearch

&wherebit=+and+(+w.originalgenus+%3D+'Rissoina ,

++or+w.currentfullname+like+ , Rissoina+%25 , +or+w.

originalcombination+like+ , Rissoina+%25'+or+w.origi

nalcombination+like+ , %25(Rissoina)%25')++ >

E. F. Garcia

Rissoina parkeri a curious Carribean species

Figures 1-9

1-4. Rissoina parkeri Olsson & Harbison, 1953

1-2. Shells, 6.2, 6.0 mm, Grand Cayman (coll. D. Kirsch); 3. Protoconch; 4. Microsculpture.

5-6. Rissoina krebsii (Morch, 1876)

5. Shell, 4.6 mm, Cienfuegos, Cuba (MHNS); 6. Protoconch.

7-9. Rissoina multicostata (C.B. Adams, 1850)

7-8. Shells, 4.0, 3.7 mm, Cienfuegos, Cuba (MPfNS); 9. Protoconch.

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La liste des références, en ordre alphabétique, respectera la forme suivante (les titres des publications ne devraient pas être abrégés):

Keen, A.M. & Campbell, G.B. 1964. Ten new species of Typhinae (Gastropoda : Muricidae). TheVeliger 7(1): 46-57.

Powell, A.W.B. 1979. New Zealand Mollusca. Marine, landandfreshwatershells. William Collins Publishers Ltd: xiv + 500 pp.

Mayr, E. 1989. Attaching names to objects. In: Whatthe philosophy of biology is : essays for David Hull (M. Ruse, ed.), Klumer Academie, Dordrecht: 235-243.

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Articles originaux - Original articles

E. Rolân, R. Fernandez -

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New records and description of four new species of the genus

Agathotoma (Gastropoda, Mangeliidae) in the Caribbean

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SOCIETE BELGE DE MALACOLOGIE

E. Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

Novapex 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

New records and description of four new species of the genus Agathotoma

(Gastropoda, Mangeliidae) in the Caribbean

Emilio ROLÂN

Museo de Historia Natural,

Campus Universitario Sur, 15782

Santiago de Compostela, Spain

Raül FERNÂNDEZ-GARCÉS

Centro de Estudios Ambientales (CEAC),

Division de Gestion Ambiental (DGA),

calle 17, esquina Ave 46, Cienfuegos, Cuba

Colin REDFERN

7475 Estrella Circle,

Boca Raton, Fia. 33433, USA

KEYWORDS. Gastropoda, Mangeliidae, Agathotoma , Caribbean, new records, new species

ABSTRACT. The species collected in the Caribbean and supposedly belonging to the genus Agathotoma

are revised. Some new records are reported and four species new to science are described.

RESUMEN. Se revisan las species recolectadas en el Caribe y supuestamente pertenecientes al género

Agathotoma. Se refieren algunas citas nuevas y se describen cuatro especies nuevas parta la ciencia.

INTRODUCTION

The genus Agathotoma Cossmann, 1899 was

discussed by Powell (1966), who provided a

description defining ail the characters of the genus. He

also listed the type species and gave examples of

fossil and Recent species.

In a recent paper (Fernândez-Garcés & Rolân, 2010)

it is mentioned that in the révision of the Turridae by

Powell (1966), 561 taxa names at genus or subgenus

level are mentioned, from which 89 are in

Mangeliinae. More recently new généra hâve been

described, but unfortunately these descriptions are

based on minimal morphological characters with no

reference to soft parts, radula, DNA or the most

important characters. In our opinion it is inadvisable

to create new généra without first undertaking the

broader studies that are necessary to give stability and

future permanence to these new taxa. Expérience

indicates that families with many généra based on

minimal morphological characters will hâve to be

restructured in the future, creating many synonyms

and causing many changes.

In West Africa there are also species which hâve

been considered to belong to the genus Agathotoma as

well as to the genus Pyrgocythara Woodring, 1928

(see Rolân & Otero-Schmitt, 1999). The latter genus

has been employed for some species recently

described (Fernândez-Garcés & Rolân, 2010).

For the above-mentioned reasons we will présent ail

the species studied in this paper in a well-established

genus, avoiding the use of other more recently

described généra, for which we do not hâve complété

information.

Abbreviations

ANSP: Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia.

BMSM: Bailey-Matthews Shell Muséum, Sanibel,

Florida.

IES: Instituto de Ecologia, La Habana

MCZ: Muséum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard.

MNCN: Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales,

Madrid.

MHNS: Museo de Historia Natural, Santiago de

Compostela.

MNHN: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris.

NHMUK: National History Muséum United

Kingdom, London.

USNM: National Muséum of Natural History,

Washington.

CCR: collection of Colin Redfern, Boca Raton,

Florida.

CDK: collection of David Kirsh, Durham, North

Carolina.

CFG: collection of Fernândez-Garcés, Cienfuegos.

sp: specimen with soft parts,

s: shell.

f: fragment,

j: juvénile.

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species o f Agathotoma

SYSTEMATICS

Superfamily CONOIDEA Fleming, 1822

Family MANGELIIDAE P. Fischer, 1883

Genus Agathotoma Cossmann, 1899

Type species: Mangelia angusta Jan, Miocene,

Europe.

Agathotoma candidissima (C.B. Adams, 1845)

Figs 1A-F, 10A, 11A-B, Table 1

Pleurotoma candidissima C.B. Adams, 1845. Proc.

Boston Soc. Nat. Hist, 2: 4.

Mangelia badia Reeve, 1846. Remarks in Krebs

(1866): 396.

Pyrgocythara coxi in Warmke & Abbott, 1961: plate

25, fig. T.

Type material. Holotype in MCZ (186002),

represented in Clench & Turner (1950, pl. 30, fig. 5)

and in Williams (2006: 5510).

Type locality. Jamaica.

Other material examined. Cuba: 2 s, Guajimico,

intertidal (MHNS); 2 s, Rancho Luna, Cienfuegos, 24

m (CFG); 1 s, Bajo de Sancho Pardo, 15 m (MHNS);

3 s, Rancho Luna, 20 m (MHNS); 3 s, Faro de los

Colorados, Cienfuegos, 40 m (MHNS); 1 s, 1 j,

Naranjo, Guajimico, Cienfuegos (MHNS); 6 s, 4 j,

Itabo, Gavilân, Cienfuegos. 22°00 , 890”N,

80°24'832 , ’W, 10 m (MHNS). Nicaragua: 2 f, Cayo

Witties, 12 m (MHNS). Bahamas: Abaco: 14 s, 1 j,

Sandy Point, intertidal (CCR); 1 s, 1 sp, Treasure Cay,

1 m (CCR); 5 s, Chub Rocks, 10 m (CCR); 27 s, 5 j,

off Chub Rocks, 23 m (CCR).

Description. See C.B. Adams (1845) and Clench &

Turner (1950). The protoconch has a diameter of

about 400 pm, with about 2.25 whorls; the First part

(about 1.75 whorls) is smooth but immediately small

ribs begin in the suture and are complété on the last

half whorl.

The colour is white or cream, sometimes with two

brown lines in the middle of the last whorl (Fig. 10A).

Dimensions: Up to 5 mm in length.

Distribution. Throughout the Caribbean. Some

references can not be included due to doubtful

détermination of the species.

Remarks. This is the older species in this group

described trom the Caribbean. The First problem is its

generic placement. In a recent work by Fernândez-

Garcés & Rolân (2010) this species was referred to the

genus Pyrgocythara Woodring, 1928. However this is

open to discussion, as no more information on soft

parts is availabié. In the présent work we hâve decided

to place it provisionally in Agathotoma, following

most authors and databases.

We hâve had many doubts about the assignment of A.

candidissima made by several authors, as for example

Leal (1991: pl. 24A), and also Garcia (2008: fig. 23)

who reproduced the figure of the previous author.

These Figures presented a shell with the upper extreme

of the axial ribs very prominent which is not in

accordance with the figure of the type represented in

Clench & Turner (1950); on the contrary these shells

are more coincident with the morphology of the

species we will mention below as A. castellata.

Pyrgocythara coxi Fargo, 1953 appears in Williams

(2006) as a synonym of A. candidissima. We think

that it is not, as the holotype of A. coxi shows axial

ribs narrower than those on the typical A.

candidissima.

In De Jong & Coomans (1988: Figure 604A, p. 264)

the shell presented as A. candidissima is not this

species and the shell Figured in Fig. 604B is also

dubious.

The shell Figured here (Figures IA, 10A) has the

typical profile.

The species is correctly represented on some internet

sites - (Conchologist Forum and Fémorale, for

example).

Agathotoma ecthymata Garcia, 2008

Figs 2A-G, 10B-D, 1 IC, Table 1

Agathotoma ecthymata Garcia, 2008. Novapex, 9(1):

3,figs. 10-18.

Type material. Holotype in ANSP (416412)

(represented in the original description).

Type locality. Abaco, Bahama Islands.

Other material examined. Cuba: 4 s, Canon de la

Bahia, Cienfuegos, 12 m (CFG); 3 s, Los Laberintos,

Cienfuegos, 20 m (CFG); 6 s, Rancho Luna,

Cienfuegos, 24 m (CFG); 9 s, 2 j, Rancho Luna,

Cienfuegos, 15 m (MHNS); 4 s, 3 j, Rancho Luna,

Cienfuegos, 18 m (MHNS); 1 j, Cayo de Sancho

Pardo, 12 m (MHNS); 1 s, Punta del Diablo, Gavilân,

Cienfuegos, 21°57796”N, 80°24784”W, 20 m

(MHNS); 11 s, 3 j, Bajo de Sancho Pardo, 15 m,

(MHNS); 2 s, La Habana, 5 m (MHNS); 2 s, Itabo,

Gavilân, Cienfuegos. 22 o 00'890”N, 80 o 24'832”W, 10

m (MHNS). Nicaragua: 4 s, 5 j, Cayo Witties, 12 m

(MHNS). Mexico: 4 s, 2 j, Puerto Morelos, Yucatân,

12 m (MHNS). Bahamas: Abaco: 12 s, Treasure

Cove, intertidal (CCR); 5s, 1 sp, Treasure Cay, 1 m

(CCR); 4 s, Shell Island, Guana Cay, intertidal (CCR);

1 sp, Fish Cays, 3 m (CCR); 1 j sp, Guana Cay, 3.5 m

(CCR); 2 sp, 1 j sp, Scotland Cay, 2.5 m (CCR); 1 sp,

Don’t Rock, 3.5 m (CCR).

Description. See Garcia (2008). In the original

description the protoconch is mentioned as having 1.5

whorls, but following the Verduin method (Verduin,

1976) which we usually employ, it has only a little

E. Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

Novapex 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

Figure 1. A-F. Agathotoma candidissima (C.B. Adams, 1845). A. shell, 4.7 mm, Faro de los Colorados,

Cienfuegos, Cuba (MHNS); B. shell, 3.4 mm, Maria la Gorda, Cuba (MHNS); C-D. protoconch; E-F.

microsculpture and detail.

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

more than one whorl and does not reach 1.25 whorls.

Also Garcia (2008) did not mention the dimensions of

the protoconch, which we calculate to be between 320

to 340 pm in the figures. The protoconchs of our

material are approximately 350-370 pin in diameter.

Distribution. In Garcia (2008) it is recorded from:

Bahamas, Belize, British Virgin Islands, Colombia.

This is the first record for Cuban, Nicaraguan and

Mexican waters.

Remarks. Most of our material is consistently smaller

than the shell figured by Garcia (2008), but the

microsculpture of the protoconch and the teleoconch

seems to be similar.

We show the microsculpture with better detail (Figs.

2F-G).

A . candidissima is more elongate, less robust, the

shoulder is rounded and not so angular, and the

protoconch has almost 2.25 whorls.

Agathotoma apocrypha (Garcia, 2008)

Figs 3A-F, 11D, Table 1

Suturocythara apocrypha Garcia, 2008. Novapex ,

9(1): 3, figs. 33-36.

Type material. Holotype in ANSP (416415)

(represented in the original description).

Type locality. Bahia de Campeche, SW Gulf of

Mexico.

Other material examined. Cuba: 10 s, Faro Luna,

Cienfuegos, 22 m (CFG); 1 s, Faro de los Colorados,

30 m (MHNS); 6 s, Rancho Luna, Cienfuegos

(MHNS); 1 s, Bajo de Sancho Pardo, 12 m (MHNS); 1

s, Punta del Diablo, Gavilân, Cienfuegos,

21°57’796 ,, N, 80°24’784”W, 20 m (MHNS). Mexico:

3 s, Puerto Morelos, Yucatân, 12 m (MHNS).

Description. See Garcia (2008). The protoconch is

mentioned in the original description as having 1.25

whorls, which agréés with our shells. In that work the

dimensions of the protoconch were not mentioned,

which we calculate to be about 470 pm in the figures.

The protoconchs of our material are approximately

400-430 pm in diameter. Otherwise, the

microsculpture seems to be similar, although the

zigzag Unes are not as well-defined as in our shells.

The microsculpture of the teleoconch is shown in our

plates.

Distribution. In the original description, Garcia

(2008) records this species from the southwestem

Gulf ol Mexico, the southeast coast of Florida and

south of Belize. This is the first record for Cuban

waters.

Remarks. In spite of the différences in the size of the

protoconch and the microsculpture, we consider our

material to be the same species. The shells are very

similar to the type species of the genus, Agathotoma

angusta (Jan) Bellardi, 1848 represented in Powell

(1966: pl. 15, fig. 15), being even more similar to the

type species than the shells of Agathotoma

candidissima.

We figure with better detail the microsculpture of both

the protoconch and the teleoconch in Figures 3E-F.

The species presented above are very different in

profile and microsculpture, also with protoconch

différences. The most similar protoconch is that of

Agathotoma ecthymata but the microsculpture has

minute tubercles aligned spirally.

Agathotoma castellata (E.A. Smith, 1888)

Figs 4A-G, 10E-F, 11E, Table 1

Pleurotoma (Mangilia) castellata E.A. Smith, 1888:

312-313.

Pyrgocythara candidissima in RlOS (1994): 175, fig.

806.

Type material. The lectotype of A. castellata is in

BMNH (1854.6.30.136-7) and was designated by

Kilburn (1993: fig. 71); also it was represented by

KAICHER (1984), as Agathotoma costellata (sic), and

in Williams (2006).

Type locality. Unknown.

Material studied. Cuba: 4 s, Faro de los Colorados,

Cienfuegos, 20-35 m (MHNS); 5 s, 2 j, Rancho Luna,

20-35 m (MHNS); 5 s, Faro Luna, Cienfuegos, 22 m

(CFG); 2 s, Los Laberintos, Faro Luna, Cienfuegos.

22°02'039”N, 80°25'792 ,V W, 10 m (MHNS); 1 s,

Comodoro Beach, 8-10 m (MHNS). Bahamas:

Abaco: 17 s, Sandy Point, intertidal (CCR); 1 j, off

Guana Cay, 60 m (CCR); 7 s, 2 j, off Chub Rocks, 23

m (CCR); 1 s, Sandy Cay, 7 m (CCR).

Description. Shell broadly ovoid, spire with turreted

profile, solid, pointed, cream in colour with 4-5

irregular spiral brown bands sometimes faded partially

or totally. Protoconch with 2.25 whorls, a diameter of

about 500 pm, a nucléus of about 100 pm, 1.5 smooth

whorls and the last 3 A bearing about 20 curved axial

ribs. Teleoconch of about 3-4 whorls, ail having a

very prominent subsutural shoulder with the upper

part of the whorls almost horizontal. Each whorl has

about 7-8 almost orthocline or slightly opisthocline

axial ribs, more prominent on the shoulder and much

naiTower than their interspaces. Spiral sculpture of

very numerous and variable cordlets (about 14-16 on

the first whorl), 20-22 on the second, 22-23 on the

third and more than 60 on the body whorl, sometimes

with intervening cordlets developing. Under high

magnification the cordlets can be seen to be rugose,

bearing numerous rounded rough nodules which

E. Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

Novapex 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

Figure 2. A-G. Agathotoma ecthymata Garcia, 2008. A-C. shells, 3.0, 3.1, 3.4 mm, Los Laberintos, Cienfuegos

(MHNS). D-E. protoconch. F-G. microsculpture and detail.

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

Figure 3. A-F. Agathotoma apocrypha (Garcia, 2008). A-C. shells

protoconchs; F. microsculpture.

3.8, 3.7, 3.5 mm, Cienfuegos (MHNS); D-E.

E. Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

Novapex 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

Figure 4. A-G. Agathotoma castellata (E.A. Smith, 1888). A. shell, 5.2 mm, Abaco, Bahamas (CCR); B-C. 3.9,

4.0 mm, Faro de los Colorados (MHNS); D-E. juvénile, 2.6, 3.2 mm, Rancho Luna (MHNS); F. protoconch; G.

microsculpture.

EmilioRolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

overlap the interspaces; in the interspaces there are

numerous irregular minute microtubercles. Aperture

elongate-oval, extended by a wide and short siphonal

canal; on the upper part a relalively deep sinus, with a

tubercle on its lower edge. Microsculpture of the shell

extends onto a wide thickened peristome.

Dimensions: The lectotype is 6.5 mm in length. The

material studied from Cuba and Bahamas is smaller.

Distribution. This species lias been recorded from the

Caribbean (Rosenberg, 2009) and from Cuba in the

présent work. It was also recorded (as A.

candi dis sim a) from the Bahamas (Redfern, 2001: fig.

537A) and Brazil (Leal, 1991: pl. 24, fig. A), with the

latter figure reproduced by Rios (1994: 175, fig. 806)

and Garcia (2008: fig. 23).

Remarks. It is évident that this species is rather

variable:

1- The axial ribs of the lectotype of A. castellata are

very narrow (interspaces 4-5 times wider) while in

most of our shells the interspaces are only 2-3 times

wider.

2- Usually the ribs extend above the level of the

suture, a feature which is more évident in juvénile

shells.

3- The lectotype oï A. castellata measures 6.5 mm in

length for a shell with 4 teleoconch whorls, while we

hâve shells with the same number of whorls and a

length of only 4-5 mm.

4- The siphonal canal of A. castellata is relatively

shorter in larger shells.

With regard to the confusion of the présent species

with A. candidissima , we must point out that the latter

is narrower, more elongate, the rounded upper part of

the axial ribs is less pronounced , the axial ribs never

extend above the suturai level and the colour is

whitish with narrow brown bands.

Both species are présent in Cuba and we hâve never

tound any intergradations between them, and so we

consider them to be different species.

Agathotoma kirshi spec. nov.

Figs 5A-H, 11F, Table 1

Type material. Holotype (Figs. 5A-D) deposited in

BMSM (17948) (Ex-CCR 10498). Paratypes: CDK (1

s) (Fig. 5E), Pélican Point, North Caicos, intertidal;

MNHN (24829, 1 s) (Fig. 5F), from Sandy Cay,

Abaco, Bahamas, 7 m.

Type locality. Chub Rocks, Abaco, Bahamas, under a

rock, 12 m.

Other material examined. Nicaragua: 1 s, 1 f Cavo

Witties, 20 m (MHNS).

Description. Shell with ovoid elongate profile,

slightly turreted, rather solid, pointed, white in colour

with 2 spiral bands formed by isolated brown

blotches, mainly évident on the ribs. Protoconch with

only a little more than 1 whorl, with a diameter of

about 480 pm, being totally covered by very small

rounded tubercles spiral ly aligned. Teleoconch of

about 5-5.5 whorls, with a rounded shoulder close to

the upper suture. Each whorl has about 7 almost

orthocline or slightly opisthocline ribs, more

prominent on the shoulder and narrower than their

interspaces. On the last A whorl, the axial ribs may be

absent. Spiral sculpture of very numerous and variable

cordlets (between 15-20 on the first whorl), with

additional intervening ones developing, numbering

about 24 on the second, 27 on the third and more than

70 on the body whorl. Under high magnification the

cordlets can be seen to be rugose, bearing numerous

rounded rough nodules that are axial ly elongate and

overlap the interspaces; in the interspaces there are

numerous irregular minute microtubercles. Aperture

oval elongate, extended by a wide and short siphonal

canal; on the upper part a shallow sinus. Peristome

wide, with the same microsculpture as the shell.

Dimensions: The holotype is 8 mm in length.

The soft parts examined in a specimen from Abaco

(Bahamas) (Figs. 5 B-D) are whitish and slightly

translucent, with a few milk-white spots at the end of

the siphon and with the eyes very close to the end of

the tentacles.

Distribution. Known from the Bahama Islands and

Turks and Caicos Islands. A shell from Nicaragua is

probably this species, but is not in good enough

condition tor a definitive comparison.

Remarks. Agathotoma kirshi spec. nov. is the largest

of the species studied in the présent work. Axial ribs

may be obsolète on the last whorl. The persistence of

a previous apertural thickening seems to be frequent.

Agathotoma candidissima is smaller, shorter, without

former varices, the protoconch has more whorls, the

colour is whitish.

Agathotoma ecthymata is more robust, the shoulder is

more prominent, the axial ribs wider, the last whorl

straighter towards the base, the protoconch is narrower

and less elevated.

Agathotoma apocrypha is smaller, the axial ribs more

numerous and wider, the microsculpture has cords

altemating with cordlets, the protoconch has zigzag

fines.

Agathotoma castellata is smaller, relatively wider,

with the axial ribs prominent and surpassing the level

of the suture; the protoconch has 2.5 whorls.

Etymology. Named after David Kirsh, who collected

the shell from North Caicos and loaned it to us for

study.

E. ROLÂN, R. FERNAnDEZ-GARCÉS, C. REDFERN

NOVAPEX 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

Figure 5. A-H. Agathotoma kirshi spec. nov. A-D. bolotype, 8 mm (BMSM); A. shell; B-D. holotype with soft

parts; E. paratype, 9 mm, North Caicos (CDK); F. paratype, 7 mm, Sandy Cay, Abaco, Bahamas (MNHN); G.

protoconch, from figure F; H. microsculpture.

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

Agathotoma asthenika spec. nov.

Figs 6A-E, 10G, 10K-L, 1 IG, Table 1

Type material. Holotype (Fig. 6A) in the MNCN

(15.05/60008). Paratypes in the following: MNHN

(24830, 1 s); frora the type locality; MHNS (100567,

1 s), IES (1 s); CFG (1 s) and CCR (1 s), both from

Faro de los Colorados, Cienfuegos, 40-65 m; USNM

(1 s), La Habana, 12 m.

Other material examined. Cuba: I s, Rancho Luna,

22 m, broken during the study; 3 s, Los Laberintos,

Faro Luna, Cienfuegos 22 m (CFG); 5 s, Los

Laberintos, Faro Luna, Cienfuegos, 22°02 , 039”N,

80°25 , 792”W, 10 m (CFG); 4 s, Ij, Bajo de Sancho

Pardo, 15 m (MHNS).

Type locality. Los Laberintos, Faro Luna,

Cienfuegos, 30 m, Cuba.

Description. Shell ovoid-elongate, rather solid,

pointed, white with some tan areas between the ribs

and also in the suturai area. Protoconch of a little more

than 2 whorls, the first one and a quarter whorls

smooth and the last half axially ribbed. Diameter of

about 410 jim. Teleoconch of about 4 whorls, with a

slightly prominent shoulder a short distance below the

suture. Each whorl has 8-9 prominent orthocline or

slightly opisthocline ribs, a little prominent on the

shoulder and narrower than their interspaces. Spiral

sculpture of very numerous and irregular cordlets

(about 10 on the first whorl, about 11-12 on the

second and 40 to 55 on the body whorl). High

magnification reveals very fine Unes in the interspaces

which form axially elongate nodules when Crossing

the cordlets. In the interspaces there are also numerous

irregular micro-tubercles. Aperture oval elongate

extended by a wide and short siphonal canal and with

a deep sinus on its upper part. Peristome wide, with

the same microsculpture as the shell.

Dimensions: The holotype is 3.9 mm in length . Other

material studied is between 3-4 mm in length.

Distribution. Only known from Cuba.

Remarks. A. candidissima is larger, a little wider,

more solid, the shoulder is less pronounced and

rounded, the colour is white sometimes with faded

spiral bands and lacks subsutural colour. A.

candidissima is a slightly variable species, but it is not

possible that these shells could represent a population

of narrow shells because typical shells of both species

hâve been collected in the same area without

intergradations.

Agathotoma ecthymata is wider and more robust, and

has a paucispiral protoconch.

Agathotoma apoctypha is wider, mainly on the base,

the spiral sculpture has larger cordlets and the

piotoconch is short and strongly sculptured by zigzag

cords. J o o

Agathotoma castellata is wider, with axial ribs which

are more elevated in the subsutural area.

Etymology. The spécifie name is derived from the

Greek word “asthenikôs ” which means “thin, sickly”

alluding to its narrow profile.

Agathotoma eduardoi spec. nov.

Figs 7A-G, 10H, 10M-N, 11H, Table 1

Type material. Holotype (Fig. 7A) in the MNCN

(15.05/60009). Paratypes in the following: MNHN

(24831, 1 s, Fig. 7B, 11D); MHNS (100568, 5 s, Fig.

7C, 11C), IES (1 s); CFG (1 s) ail paratypes from

Rancho Luna, Cuba.

Other material examined. Cuba: 2 s, Itabo, Gavilân,

Cienfuegos, 22°00'890”N, 80°24'832”W, 10 m

(MHNS); 1 s, Rancho Luna, Cienfuegos 20 m (CFG).

Type locality. Cayo Witties, 12 m, Nicaragua.

Description. Shell ovoid-elongate, rather solid,

pointed, whitish in colour. Protoconch with a little

more than one whorl, appearing smooth, but

magnification reveals numerous spirally aligned

tubercles; diameter of about 380-400 pm. Teleoconch

of about 4 whorls in most mature specimens, with a

slightly prominent shoulder a short distance below the

suture. Each whorl has prominent orthocline or

slightly opisthocline ribs, nine on the first whorl and

about ten on the subséquent whorls, the ribs being

narrower than their interspaces. Spiral sculpture of

very numerous and irregular cordlets (about 10 on the

first whorl, about 14 on the second and between 45-50

on the body whorl). High magnification reveals very

fine Unes in the interspaces which form axially

elongate nodules when Crossing the cordlets, with an

irregular microsculpture. In the interspaces there are

also numerous irregular micro-tubercles. Aperture

oval elongate extended by a wide and short siphonal

canal and with a deep sinus on its upper part.

Peristome wide, with the same microsculpture as the

shell.

Dimensions: The holotype is 4.2 mm in length. Other

material studied is between 2-4 mm in length.

Distribution. Known from Cuba and Nicaragua.

Remarks. The différences with the species previously

mentioned are very similar to those discussed for A.

asthenika spec. nov., as both shells are very similar

except for the different shorter protoconch.

Agathotoma candidissima is larger, a little wider,

more solid, the shoulder is less pronounced and

rounded, the colour is white sometimes with faded

spiral bands, lacks subsutural color, and has a

protoconch with more whorls.

E. ROLÂN, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

Novapex 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

Figure 6. A-E. Agathotoma asthenika spec. nov. A. holotype, 3.9 mm, Los Laberintos, Faro Luna (MNCN); B.

juvénile, 3.0 mm, Maria la Gorda (MHNS); C-D. protoconch; E. microsculpture.

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

ramr™ 7 ; Spec - nov - A holol yi>'- 4 - 2 mm, Cayo Witties, Nicaragua (MNCN);

Nie— Vr ^ a’- r J mm (MHNS) ’ from Ranch0 L ““. 1 MO m; D. protoconch from Witties,

icaragua, E-F protoconchs from Rancho Luna, Cuba. G. microsculpture.

E. Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

NOVAPEX 13(2): 45-62, lOjuin 2012

Figure 8. A-D. Agathotomaprominens spec. nov. A. holotype, 4.1 mm, (MNCN); B. paratype, 4.3 mm

(MNHN), Faro de los Colorados; C. protoconch; D. microsculpture.

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

Agathotoma ecthymata is wider and more robust, the

shoulder more angular, and its protoconch is rather

similar but a little narrower and its tubercles are more

dense.

Agathotoma apocrypha is wider, mainly on the base,

the spiral sculpture has larger cordlets and the

protoconch is sculptured by zigzag cords.

Agathotoma castellata is wider, with axial ribs which

are more eievated in the subsutural area and the

protoconch has more whorls.

Agathotoma kirshi spec. nov. has a larger shell, wider

and more sculptured, and the axial ribs do not hâve a

clear shoulder.

Agathotoma asthenika spec. nov. has a rather similar

shell, but it has a very different protoconch with a

little more than 2 whorls, the first one smooth.

Etymology. The spécifie name honours Eduardo

Nâpoles Fernandez, grandson of the second author.

Agathotoma prominens spec. nov.

Figs 8A-D, 10I-J, 111, Table 1

Type materlal. Holotype (Fig. 8A, 101), in MNCN

(15.05/60010); Paratypes: MNHN (24832, 1 s, Fig.

8B, 10J), MHNS (100569, 3 s), IES (2 s), USNM (1

s), CFG (2 s), ail from the type locality; CFG (3 s)

Canon de la bahia de Cienfuegos, 12 m; (2 s), Faro

Luna, 20 m; CCR ( 1 s), Bajo de Sancho Pardo, 15 m;

MHNS (100569, 2 s), from Cayo Maria la Gorda, 12

m; (100569, 1 s), Cayo Witties, 12 m, Nicaragua.

Type locality. Faro de los Colorados, Cienfuegos, 20

m, Cuba.

Other material examined. Cuba: 2 s, 1 j, Itabo,

Gavilân, Cienfuegos. 22°00 , 890”N, 80°24'832”W, 10

m (MHNS); 1 s, 5 f, Rancho Luna, Cienfuegos, 10-20

m (MHNS). Nicaragua: 1 f, Cayo Witties, 12 m.

Bahamas: Abaco: 1 s, Sandy Cay, 7m.

Description. Shell with rhomboidal profile, solid,

pointed, cream with three irregular spiral brown

bands.

Protoconch with 2.25 whorls, a diameter of about 510

gm, a nucléus of about 100 pm, the last Vi whorl with

11 curved axial ribs, the rest being smooth.

Teleoconch of about 3.5 whorls, which hâve a

prominent and angular shoulder just below the suture.

Each whorl has prominent, almost orthocline ribs,

prominent on the shoulder and narrower than their

interspaces. Spiral sculpture of numerous and variable

cordlets (about 15 on the first and more than 60 on the

body whorl). High magni fi cation shows the cordlets to

be rugose, bearing numerous axially elongate nodules

which mainly overlap the interspace below.

Interspaces sometimes with fine growth Unes and

numerous irregular minute micro-tubercles. Aperture

oval elongate, extended by a short siphonal canal that

is wide at the base but constricted above; also with a

deep sinus on the upper part. Peristome wide, with the

same microsculpture as the shell.

Dimensions: The holotype is 4.1 mm in length. One

paratype reaches 5.2 mm in length.

Distribution. Only known from Cuba, Nicaragua and

the Bahamas.

Remarks. Comparison may be made with the

following species:

Agathotoma candidissima is usually larger, a little

wider, more rounded in profile, the shoulder is less

pronounced and not angular, the colour is white

sometimes with faded spiral bands.

Agathotoma ecthymata is wider at the base, more

robust, the ribs are a little prominent but less angular,

and has a paucispiral protoconch.

Agathotoma apocrypha is narrower, wider at the base,

the shoulder less prominent and the spiral sculpture

has larger cordlets; the protoconch is short and

strongly sculptured by zigzag cords.

Agathotoma castellata is usually smaller, narrower,

the shoulder is less prominent and the ribs are more

eievated; the colour does not form spiral bands.

We include images (Figs. 9A-B, 10O) of Glyphoturris

rugirima (Dali, 1889) with a detail of the

microsculpture (Fig. 9C). It can appear similar to the

species here described, but differs due to its very

irregular and prominent spiral cords.

Etymology. The spécifie name is derived from the

Latin word “ prominens ”, prominent, alluding to the

projecting angulation on the axial ribs.

Agathotoma sp.

Fig 10P-Q

Remarks. Also we found a large shell that is

apparently différent from ail those previously studied,

but it could be a gerontic form of A. candidissima. We

wait for more material in order to reach a conclusion.

CONCLUSION

The Caribbean is an area very rich in biodiversity. It is

expected that more species from many groups will be

described in the future. In the group that we hâve

examined in the présent work the profile of the shells,

in particular the shape of the upper part of the ribs,

was considered to be very important and was

consistent in many samples.

Foi comparison, we show in Figure 11 how the

ditteient profile of the shells dépends on the shape of

the upper part of the axial ribs below the suture.

As a séparation for the species mentioned in the

présent work we add a Dichotomous Key on the basis

of the most important différences.

E. Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

Novapex 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

Figure 9. A-C. Glyphoturris rugirima (Dali, 1889). A-B. shell, 5.0, 4.8 mm, Rancho Luna, 10-30 m (MHNS);

C. microsculpture.

Dichotomous key for the species of Agathotoma in the présent work|

1 -Protoconch with only 1-1.3 whorls.

-Protoconch with at least 2 whorls. 5

2 -Microsculpture of the protoconch with zigzag Unes. apocrypha

-Microsculpture of the protoconch with tubercles. 3

3 -Protoconch with cylindrical profile . kirshi

-Protoconch with rounded dôme profile. 4

4 -Protoconch with dense microsculpture of tubercles. ecthymata

-Protoconch with microsculpture of tubercles in lines. eduardoi

5 -Axial ribs with pronounced angulation a short distance below suture . 6

-Upper part of axial ribs rounded near suture. 7

6 - The angulation is < 90° on first whorl and around 90° on the following ones . prominens

- the angulation is about 90° on first teleoconch whorl and > 90° on the following. asthenika

7 - Axial ribs elevated subsuturally but not surpassing level of suture; the profile of the ribs is

vertical . candidissima

- Upper curvature of axial ribs frequently surpassing level of suture; the profile of the ribs is

inclined . castellata

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

Table 1

protoconch

whorls

protoconch

microsculpture

protoconch

diameter inpm

upper part of

ribs

height/width ratio

A. candidissima

2-2.3

smooth+axial

about 400

rounded

2.6

A. ecthymata

1-1.3

dense tubercles

350-370

lower

angulation

2.2

A. apocrypha

1-1.3

zigzag lines

400-430

rounded

2.6

A. castellata

2-2.3

smooth+axial

about 500

rounded

high

2.3

A. kirshi

1-1.3

aligned

tubercles

about 480

slightly

rounded

2.4-2.7

A. asthenika

2-2.3

smooth+axial

about 410

lower

angulation

2.8

A. eduardoi

1-1.3

aligned

tubercles

380-400

rounded

2.6

A. prominens

2-2.3

smooth+axial

about 510

sharp

angulation

2.1

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the persons who hâve read this

manuscript and hâve given us their opinions, allowing

us to make corrections. Jésus Méndez and Inès Pazos

made the SEM photos in the Centro de Apoyo

Cientifico y Tecnolôgico a la Investigaciôn (CACTI)

ofthe University of Vigo. The optical photographs

were made in the Departamento de Xenética of the

same University.

REFERENCES

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Atlantic Marine Mollusks described by C.B.

Adams Occasional Papers On Mollusks , 1(15):

233-403.

Conchologist forum:

http://zl4.invisionfree.eom/Conehologist_Forum/a

r/t586.htm (accessed Dec. 2011)

De Jong, K. M. & Coomans, Fl. E. 1988. Marine

gastropods from Curaçao, Aruba and Bonaire. E.

J. Brill, Leiden, 261 pp.

Fémorale:

http://www.femorale.com.br/shellphotos/detail.asp

?species=Agathotoma+cf.+candidissima+(C.B.Ad

ams%2C+1845) (accessed Dec. 2011)

Fernândez-Garcés, R. & Rolân, E. 2010. Two new

species ofthe genus Pyrgocythara (Gastropoda,

Conidae) from Cuba. Gloria Maris, 49(3-4): 68-

Figure 10. A-Q. Colour figures of Agathotoma. A. Agathotoma candidissima (C. B. Adams 1845) 4 7 mm Faro

de los Colorados, Cuba (MHNS). B-D. Agathotoma ecthymata Garcia, 2008; B 3 7 mm Rancho I una

(MHNS); C-D. 5.1 mm, Faro de los Colorados (MHNS). E-F. Agathotoma castellata (E A Smith 1 8S84

"1 4 , 0 mncn;,v mh h S) rsnrr r F,gs - r* G Asa,ho,oma “te ™«. .2

19 mm (MNCN) (figured in Fig. 6A). H. Agathotoma eduardoi spec. nov., holotype, 4 2 mm (MNCN)

(t.gured in Fig. 7A). I-J. Agathotoma prominens spec. nov.; I. holotype, 4.1 mm (MNCN)- I naratvne 4 1

rŒr "rf n S; « n B) , K 'V **«r?*°& s p ec - no.! 3 4™’:

(MHNS) (Shell figured in Fig. 6B). M-N. Agathotoma eduardoi spec. nov.; M. paratype 3 3 mm (MHNS)'

» m t have been figured in Figs - 7b - c) - °- mg™ dIh x

1889), 5 mm. Rancho Luna, 10-30 m (MHNS); P-Q. Aga,kcoma s p. 8.4 mm. Rancho Lufa.TSo m (MH

E. Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

NOVAPEX 13(2): 45-62, 10 juin 2012

1 mm

Emilio Rolân, R. Fernândez-Garcés, C. Redfern

New records and new species of Agathotoma

Garcia, E.F. 2008. Eight new molluscan species

(Gastropoda: Turridae) from the western Atlantic,

with the description of two new généra. Novapex,

9(1): 1-15.

Kaicher, S. D. 1984. Gard Catalogue of World-wide

Shells. Pack 39. Turridae 1.

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of southem Africa and Mozambique. Part 6.

Subfamily Mangeliinae, section 2. Armais of the

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from Oceanic lslands off Brazil. W. Backhuys,

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Powell, A.W.B. 1966. The molluscan families

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Institute and Muséum , 5: 1-184; 23 pis.

Redfern, C. 2001. Bahamian Seashells. A thousand

species from Abaco, Bahamas .

Bahamianseashells.com, Boca Raton, 280 pp.

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Oceanogrâfico, Fundaçâo Universidade do Rio

Grande: Rio Grande. 368 pp.

Rolân, E. & Otero-Schmitt, J. 1999. The family

Turridae s. 1. (Molluscs, Neogastropoda) in

Angola. 2. Subfamily Mangeliinae Fischer, 1883.

Argonauta , 13(1): 5-26.

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database (version 4.1.1)] URL

http://www.malacolog.org/.

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Magazine ofNatural History , 6(2): 300-317.

Verduin, A. 1976. On characters, variability, and

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(Philippi). Basteria. 40: 133-142.

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Seashells. Livingston Publishing Company:

Wynnewood, PA. 348 pp.

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and the Caribbean. Published privately. Not

paginated.

Figure 11. A-I. Comparative profile of the different species. A-B. Agathotoma candidissima (C. B. Adams,

1845); C. Agathotoma ecthymata (Garcia, 2008); D. Agathotoma apocrypha (Garcia, 2008); E. Agathotoma

castellata (E.A. Smith, 1888); F. Agathotoma kirshi spec. nov.; G. Agathotoma asthenika spec. nov.; H.

Agathotoma eduardoi spec. nov.; I. Agathotomaprominens spec. nov.

T. IBBARROLA, F. RUBIO, E. ROLÂN

Novapex 13(2): 63-67, 10 juin 2012

Some new information on Calliotropis ottoi (Philippin 1844)

(Vetigastropoda: Seguenzioidea: Calliotropidae)

Teodoro IBARROLA

Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, Vigo

teo.ibaiTola@hotmail.com

Federico RUBIO

Pintor Ribera, 4-16 a

46930 Quart de Poblet, (Valencia), Spain,

federubio@ono.com

Emilio ROLÂN

Museo de Historia Natural, Campus Universitario Sur

15782, Santiago de Compostela,

erolan@emiliorolan.com

KEYWORDS. Vetigastropoda, Calliotropidae, Calliotropis ottoi , synonymy, new data.

ABSTRACT. Some specimens of the deep water species Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi, 1844)

collected in Hatton Bank were studied. The shell, operculum, radula and soft parts are illustrated.

The synonymy of this species with other taxa from the Atlantic is discussed.

RESUMEN. Se estudian algunos ejemplares de la especie de aguas profundas Calliotropis ottoi

(Philippi, 1844) recolectadas en el Banco Hatton. Se muestra concha, opérculo, radula y partes

blandas. Se discute la sinonimia de esta especie con otros taxones del Atlântico.

INTRODUCTION

Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi, 1844) is a species from

the Atlantic deep water, but there is a record of

Martens & Thiele (1904) referring this species (and

presenting the radula) from the Indian Océan.

Hickman & McLean (1990) gave information on the

soft parts, operculum and radula on the basis of the

study of the American populations.

Vilvens & Swinnen (2008: figs. 29-33) made a

révision of the genus Calliotropis from central eastem

Atlantic, showing the original figures of Calliotropis

ottoi (Philippi, 1844) from the original description and

from Martens & Thiele (1904) as well as a shell from

lceland. Colman & Tyler (1988) gave information on

the reprodution of this species.

Some specimens of Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi,

1844) were collected by rock dredge by the Spanish

Océanographie Institute Ecovul/Arpa 2007 Survey on

board R/V Vizconde de Eza on Hatton Bank area (NE

Atlantic) at 59°17N, 17°33W in 962 meters.

Some additional information on the morphology of

this species is given in the présent work.

SYSTEMATICS

Remarks

The genus Calliotropis Seguenza, 1803 has been

placed in several subfamilies as Margaritinae,

Angariinae, Monodontinae, Calliostomatinae and

Solariellinae. According to Hickman & McLean

(1990) it should be placed in Eucyclinae Koken,

1897, in the tribe Calliotropini Hickman & McLean,

1990. Following Bouchet & Rocroi (2005) and

Vilvens (2007) this genus should be placed in the

family Chilodontidae Wenz, 1938, in the subfamily

Calliotropinae Hickman & McLean, 1990. Williams et

al (2008), based on DNA sequences placed

Calliotropidae Hickman & McLean 1990 in

Seguenzioidea Verrill, 1884.

Genus Calliotropis Seguenza, 1903

Type species by original désignation: Trochus ottoi

Philippi, 1844, Pliocène, Pleistocene, Italy.

T. IBBARROLA, F. RUBIO, E. ROLÂN

New information on Calliotropis ottoi

Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi, 1844)

Figs 1-13

Trochus ottoi Philippi, 1844: 227, pl. 28, fig. 9.

Description. Shell (Figs 1-4): Vilvens & Swinnen

(2008) commented in the remarks the most important

differential characters with other species.

Soft parts (Figs 6-10): Foot elongate, sole very rough.

The cephalic lappets are relativelly small and simple.

The cephalic tentacles are large and elongate with an

irregular ciliate surface. The cephalic membranes are

of medium size and with a continuons border. Buccal

margin with latéral extensions, mouth small. The neck

lobes are of medium size and very digitate. The tip of

the snout are amply expanded latérally. The epipodial

tentacles are numerous: Two in medium position and

three other ones of different size located near of the

operculum insertion. Between the tentacles and at the

base of some of them sensorial organes

tuberculiformis, remind small tentacles. Propodium

with latéral extensions. Eyes black, pedunculate.

Operculum (Fig. 5): yellowish, transparent, with short

growing edge.

Radula (Figs 11-13): The rachidian tooth has a plate

from which a sharp-pointed curved part appears on the

upper area. The rachidian tooth (Fig. 12R) is slightly

smaller; then the latéral teeth (Fig. 12L) are three, also

curved on their upper part, where some small cusps

can be seen near the sharp-pointed part; they are not

so large as those shown by Hickman & McLean

(1990: fig 47). The marginal teeth (Fig. 12M) are

numerous and similar, narrow, elongate and curved at

their upper part. The existence of lateromarginal plate

is confirmed but difficult to be seen.

Remarks. Figures of this species has been published

by Philippi (1844) and by Vilvens & Swinnen (2008)

where the figures of Martens & Thiele (1904) are also

shown.

Discussion. A problem not yet resolved is the

synonymy of this species:

Warén (1991) mentioned with doubts that Margarita

regalis Verrill & Smith, 1880 could be the same

species. He also presented Solariella infundibulum

Odhner, 1912 as a synonym.

About the identification of the species we hâve

studied, il we follow the key given by Vilvens &

Swinnen (2008) we could hâve doubts between

Calliotropis ottoi and C. mogadorensis (see Locard,

1898). Some characters, as the existence of a spiral

coid into the umbilicus which has been mentioned for

this last species is not sure and seems to be a variable

character, as well as the first row of nodules in the

subsutural area, variable in oui* own material. The

most definitive decision was based in the origin of the

material, very far from Morocco and close to the

references from North Europa. It is possible that

Calliotropis mogadorensis (Locard, 1898) could be

another synonym of C. ottoi.

Hickman & McLean (1990: 84, figs D-E) figured the

soft parts of Calliotropis species, showing the

existence of a short number of epipodial tentacles at

each side: Four in Calliotropis carlotta (Dali, 1902)

and three in C. regalis (Verrill & Smith, 1880). Both

are very different from the species here studied in the

number and position of the epipodial tentacles. In

spite of that, the position of the soft parts was

examined in retracted animais, we can see in our

material up to eight epipodial tentacles at each side.

This seems to mean that this character is very variable

into the genus. Another question is that C. regalis was

also considered a synonym of the species here studied.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The authors thanks Jésus Méndez of the CACT1

(University of Vigo) for the SEM photographs of the

radula. The optical photographs were made in the

Department of Xenetic of the University of Vigo.

REFERENCES

Bouchet P. & Rocroi J.-P. (eds), 2005. Classification

and nomenclator of gastropod families.

Malacologia 41 (1-2): 1-397.

Colman, J.G. & Tyler, P.A. 1988. Observations on the

reproductive biology of the deep-sea trochid

Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi). Journal of Molluscan

Studies 54: 239-242.

Hickman, C.S. & McLean, J.H. 1990. Systematic

révision and suprageneric classification of

Trocacean Gastropods. Natural History Muséum

of los Angeles County. Science sériés 35, 169 pp.

Locard, A. 1898. Expéditions Scientifiques du

Travailleur et dit Talisman pendant les années

1880, 1881, 1882, 1883. Mollusques Testaces. \o\.

II. Masson et Cia, Paris. 515 pp, 18 pis.

Martens, E. von & Thiele, J. 1904 "1903”. Dis

beschalten Gastropoden der Deutschen Tiefsee-

Expedition, 1898-1899. A Systématise h

geographischer Teil Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse

der deutschen Tiefsee-Expédition auf dem

Dampfer "Valdivia" 1898-1899, 7(A): 1-146.

Philippi, R.A. 1844. Enumeratio molluscorum Siciliae

cum viventium tn tellure tertiaria fossilium, quae

in itinere suo observavit. Vol. 2. Eduard Anton,

Halle [Halis Saxorum]

iv + 303 p., pis 13-28.

SStS/iw Ef li ° tropis ot,oi ( PhiliPPi, 1844). 1-4. shell, 14.4 height x 16.5 mm diameter, Hatton Bank,

59 17N/17 33 W; 5. operculum; 6-7. soft parts.

T. IBBARROLA, F. RUBIO, E. ROLÂN

NOVAPEX 13(2): 63-67, lOjuin 2012

T. IBBARROLA, F. RUBIO, E. ROLÂN

New information on Calliotropis ottoi

Vilvens, C. 2007. New species and new records of

Calliotropis (Gastropoda: Chilodontidae:

Calliotroponae) from Indo-Pacific. Novapex , Hors

Série 5: 1-72.

Vilvens, C. & Swinnen, F. 2008. New records of

Calliotropis (Gastropoda: Chilodontidae) from the

central eastem Atlantic. Novapex 8(1): 17-32.

Warén, A. 1991. New and little known Mollusca from

Iceland and Scandinavia. Sarsia 76: 53-124.

Williams, S.T., Karube, S. & Ozawa, T. (2008)

Molecular systematics ol Vetigastropoda:

Trochidae, Turbinidae and Trochoidea

redefined. Zoologica Scripta 37: 483-506.

Figures 8-10

Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi, 1844). Several positions of the soft parts (preserved in alcohol). CT: cephalic

tentacles, F. foot, M. mouth; NL: neck lobes; O: operculum; ET: Epipodial tentacles; SO: sensorial organes.

T. IBBARROLA, F. R.UBIO, E. ROLÂN

Novapex 13(2): 63-67, 10 juin 2012

Figures 11-13

Calliotropis ottoi (Philippi, 1844). Radula. 11. general view; 12. details under magnification, showing details of

the different teeth: R: rachidian tooth; L: latéral teeth; M: marginal teeth; 13. general view under magnification.

A. Wakefield

Novapex 13(2): 69-74, 10 juin 2012

A review of the Marginella bicatenata Sowerby, 1914 complex

(Gastropoda: Marginellidae) with the description of a

new southeast African Marginella species

Andrew WAKEFIELD

14 Forest Side, Buckhurst Hill, Essex, IG9 5SL, UK.

bmw.awake@btintemet.com

KEYWORDS. Marginellidae, South Africa, Marginella bicatenata , M. tomlini , M. lemaitrei, M.

seccombei , species complexes, new species.

ABSTRACT. The taxa Marginella bicatenata , Sowerby, 1914, M tomlini Shackleford, 1916 and

M. lemaitrei Liltved & Millard, 1994, ail rare deep-water South African marginellids from off the

southem Cape to KwaZulu-Natal, are revised from their type material and additional lots from

both public and private collections. M. tomlini is proposed to be a junior synonym of M.

bicatenata , whereas M. lemaitrei is considered to be a sibling species. Marginella seccombei n.

sp., a benthic species from KwaZulu-Natal often confused with M. bicatenata on account of its

superficially similar shell pattern, is described.

INTRODUCTION

In 1914, George Brettingham Sowerby (III)

described a new species of Marginella from a then

unique shell, lacking data, which had been discovered

in the collection of a Mr. M. Denans. Since Denans

had collected extensively in Sénégal, Sowerby

erroneously assumed the type locality to be Gorée.

The otherwise plain whitish shell was named

Marginella bicatenata on account of its double row of

dark spots, one at mid-body and the other at the

shoulder. Two years later Lewis J. Shackleford,

without reference to Sowerby’s taxon, described

Marginella tomlini from a shell with a similar pattern,

only this time its provenance was known with

accuracy to be off Cape St. B laize, on the Southern

Cape of South Africa. This shell was dredged from

105 fathoms (équivalent to 192 m) indicating a deep

water habitat on the Agulhas Bank. Since that time,

and especially in recent years with increased sampling

of South African benthic environments down to

several hundred métrés and more, further specimens

of shells resembling the type specimens of both taxa

hâve corne to light and hâve found their way into both

private and public collections. There has also been

relatively recent taxonomie activity in this small

complex of similar shells, with the description of

Marginella lemaitrei Liltved & Millard, 1994. Despite

the continuing scarcity of specimens available for

study sufficient material now exists to make a

preliminary review of the complex.

M. bicatenata ranges from Africa’s southem Cape,

northeast to central KwaZulu Natal, with the shells of

this species exhibiting morphologie différences at

each end of the géographie range of distribution.

These différences are exemplified by the type

specimens of M. bicatenata and M. tomlini. A new

deep water species from Natal, bearing a superficially

similar pattern of a double row of markings at the

shoulder and mid-body, does not however appear to

be directly related to M. bicatenata. It is described

herein as M. seccombei n. sp.

Materials and Methods

Ail specimens from private collections and ail of the

material of the new species described herein were

obtained via suppliers who sourced material from

South African commercial fishing vessels as dead

dredged empty shells. Curators of national muséums

in the United Kingdom and South Africa permitted the

use of images and data of their examples of the

species under study. Since live animais are as yet

unknown, the species were treated conchologically.

The author used a Nikon D300 SLR, a 60mm AF

Micro Nikkor 1:2.8D lens and ring flash for images of

M. bicatenata and M. seccombei n. sp. taken by the

author. Images are shown at the same relative scale.

Abbreviations

NMW: Amgueddfu Cymru (National Muséum,

Wales), Cardiff.

NM: KwaZulu (Natal Muséum), Pietermaritzburg.

SAM: Iziko (South African Muséum), Cape Town.

AWC: Andrew Wakefield Collection, UK.

TMC: Tony McCleery Collection, UK

ad.: adult

juv.: juvénile

sh.: dead collected shell

n. sp.: new species

SYSTEMATICS

Family MARGINELLIDAE Fleming, 1828

Subfamily MARGINELLINAE Fleming, 1828

Genus Marginella Lamarck, 1799

A. Wakefield

A review of Marginella bicatenata

Type species: Voluta glabella Linnaeus, 1758, by

monotypy.

Marginella bicatenata G.B. Sowerby (III), 1914

Figs 1-21

Marginella bicatenata Sowerby (III), 1914: 147, pl.

19, fig. 7.

Marginella tomlini Shackleford, 1916: 193, text figs 3,

Type material. Marginella bicatenata ,1 ad sh.,

holotype, preserved dry, 13 x 7 mm, Gorée, col 1.

Tomlin (ex. Coll Denans), NMW.1955.158.01434,

(Figs 1,2).

Marginella tomlini , 1 ad. sh., holotype, preserved dry,

18 x 10 mm, off Cape St. Blaize in 105 fms, SAM

A3704 (Figs 13-15).

Other material examined. 6 ad and 1 juv. sh, from

KwaZulu-Natal, preserved dry: 12.8 x 6.9 mm,

29.825° S 31.2383°E, NM ref. no. D3819 (Figs 3,4);

13.9 x 7.5 mm, 30.0132° S, 31.06°E, NM ref. no.

DI 159 (Figs 5,6); 15.7 x 8.5 mm, 30.0067° S 31.05°E,

NM ref no. DI 094 (Figs 7,8); 13.5x6.6 mm, juv., NM

ref. no. E8656 (Figs 9, 10); 11.7 x 6.8 mm, 30.0182° S

31.0533°E, NM ref. no. D800 (Figs 11, 12); 14.6 x 8.8

& 12.8 x 7.4 mm, 30.1067° S 31.0133°E, NM ref. no.

D1946.

2 ad sh., from the Southern Cape région, preserved

dry: 17.8 x 9.95 mm, Agulhas Bank, dredged, depth

unrecorded, AWC; 16.2 x 9.33 mm, Southern Agulhas

Bankat 100m, AWC (Figs 16, 17).

Type Locality. Gorée, Sénégal (in error)

Descriptive notes. Shell thin, smooth, length 11.5-18

mm, W:L ratio 54-60% (mean 56%), strongly biconic

to elongated biconic. Spire elevated, of 4.5 whorls

including paucispiral protoconch, stepped (mainly

between penultimatc and last adult whorl) to straight

sided. Shoulder smoothly rounded to slightly

angulated, shell tapering to narrow, slightly truncated

anterior end. Creamy white, pale straw to pale grey

body whorl, with two spiral rows of blurred charcoal

grey spots: anterior row of 6-8 spots emerges from

aperture immediately posterior to 4 th plication, ending

at anterior l/6 th of lip; posterior row of 7-10 (on body

whorl) spots at shoulder level. Posterior row continues

onto spire to reach plain, glassy protoconch. Suture

not impressed. Lip, plications, base of columella

white. Aperture approximately 1.5 x as wide as labial

varix. Lip smooth, straight to gently convex, thickened

externally as a single moderately strong varix with a

smooth rolled edge. Varix groove présent externally.

Siphonal notch absent, posterior notch weak, lip thins

slightly in posterior l/6 th before inserting to body

whorl at shoulder at level of posterior row of spots, or

just anterior to it. Lip continues round anterior end,

thinning out completely to join base of columella at

end of First plication. Columella with 4 moderately

strong, thin, single plications, gradually increasing in

séparation from l sl to 4 lh . First two oblique, 3 and 4

becoming more horizontal. Plications fill ovei /i but

less than 2/3 of aperture. Columella slightly concave

in région of plications. Pariétal surface smooth,

weakly convex to straight. Anterior and posterior

callus absent. Animal unknown.

Distribution. Off central KwaZulu-Natal to Cape St.

Blaize, southem Cape, South Africa, depth range 100-

200 métrés.

Remarks. The species is listed by Tomlin (1917: 253)

who records the holotype of M. bicatenata as being

présent in the Tomlin collection. The Melvill-Tomlin

Collection was received by Amgueddfu Cymru

(NMW) in 1955, and enquiries hâve confirmed that

the holotype is présent in the collection. It is biconic in

profile (Figs 1, 2) and from the ventral view has three

large spots at the shoulder and four at mid-body. It

clearly is the shell depicted and described by Sowerby.

Similarly robust, relatively small, dirty-white shells

with charcoal coloured spots and with a variety of

strong morphologie features such as stepped spires,

and strongly angulated shoulders are lound at the

north-eastern end of the range, off KwaZulu-Natal

(see the specimens from the NM in Figs 3-12). As the

holotype exhibits these characters it is much more

likely to hâve originated from Natal than from the

Southern Cape, and the original type locality has

always been erroneous - this is emphatically not a

West African shell.

Millard (1981, fig. Da, p. 6, 7) figured a specimen

présent in the SAM (ref. A3704), citing it as the type

of M. bicatenata . As noted above, the holotype of M.

bicatenata is in the NMW. The specimen to which

Millard was referring is in fact the holotype of M.

tomlini Shackleford, 1916 (Figs 13-15). The original

description of it featured a quality photograph of the

holotype - one of the earliest original descriptions to

do so - and its identification as the holotype of M.

tomlini is beyond any doubt. Shackleford recorded the

type locality as off Cape St. Blaize, southem Cape,

South Africa, C N. by E. Vi E., distant 68 miles - 105

fathoms {sic) 9 . M. tomlini is considered to be a junior

synonym of M. bicatenata , and represents the form

found at the Southern end of the range. These shells

are larger and thinner walled than their northem

counterparts, and they also inhabit relatively shallower

waters in the south. This trend is observed in most

other species of South African marginellidae with a

similar distribution pattern. This progressive

morphological change has been attributed to many

factors, one being the availability of food (the cooler

waters ot the Cape are rich in nutrients compared to

the warmer waters of KwaZulu-Natal).

One ot the NM specimens (Figs 9, 10) of M.

bicatenata is in exceptional condition and is very well

marked, and even shows extra fine spiral lines of spots

A. Wakefield

Novapex 13(2): 69-74, 10 juin 2012

between the two main ones. Most specimens of M

bicatenata are dead collected and worn - it may be

that fresh specimens hâve traces of extra fine spiral

Unes in the surface layers of the shell. These markings

are not as defined or as bold as those found in M.

lemaitrei.

M. bicatenata is very distinctive and is unlikely to be

confused with anything else. M. nevillana Kilbum,

1977 (7.6 x 4.5 mm) as yet only known from its

holotype from the eastem Cape, is much smaller than

M. bicatenata , has eight rows of large charcoal grey

spots on a white background, a much thicker shell and

because of its denticulate lip is better placed in the

genus Glabella Swainson, 1840 (in the G. obtusa

Sowerby, 1846 complex).

Marginella lemaitrei Liltved & Millard, 1994

Figs 22-26

Marginella lemaitrei Liltved & Millard, 1994: 3, 4, fig

1 .

Type material. 1 ad. sh., holotype, 18.4 x 10.0 mm,

ex. pisce , trawled approx 100m, Cape St. Blaize,

Southern Cape, South Africa, SAM A3 7572 (Figs 22-

24) ; 1 ad sh., paratype, 17.1 x 8.9 mm, ex. pisce ,

trawled approx 100m, Cape St. Blaize, Southern Cape,

South Africa, NM E7213/T 184.

Other material examined. 1 ad. sh., unmeasured, no

data, photographed by Markus Lussi (Figs 25, 26).

Specimen figured on p. 6, 7, fig. Db, in Millard, 1981

(21x11mm), ‘ ex . pisce ’ off the Cape.

Specimen image by Brian Hayes (2011).

Type locality. Cape St Blaize, Southern Cape, South

Africa.

Distribution. Restricted to the Agulhas Bank off the

Southern Cape, South Africa.

Descriptive notes. Shell length 17.1 — 21.0 mm, W:L

ratio 52-54% (mean 53%), straw coloured to greyish,

thin, smooth, satin, elongate-biconic, of 4.5 whorls

including paucispiral protoconch, weakly shouldered,

tapering to a narrow anterior end. Suture not

impressed. Lip with smooth, evenly thickened, white

margin, smooth internally, with extemal varix groove.

Plications strong, evenly spaced plications filling over

half of aperture. First two oblique, third and fourth

straighter. Columella slightly concave. Aperture

narrowing posteriorly, otherwise of even width. 4-8

spiral rows of fine grey spots and streaks on body

whorl. Holotype has 8 rows; 4 anteriorly, 2 at mid-

body, 2 on the spire. Paratype has 4 rows with less

frequent, more blurred markings. Axial pattern of pale

grey narrow to wide flammules on body whorl.

Remarks. According to Liltved and Millard (1994: 4),

M. lemaitrei occurs sympatrically with M. bicatenata

(‘M tomlini form’) off the Southern Cape. In fact the

types of M lemaitrei and the holotype of M. tomlini

are syntopic. The types of M. lemaitrei were taken

from the stomach contents of the fish Congiopodus

tonms Walbaum.

M. lemaitrei differs from the ‘M. tomlini form’ of M

bicatenata in that it is generally slightly larger, more

slender (less shouldered), has multiple rows of dashes

and dots rather than two, and often has an additional

axial pattern of pale grey narrow to wide flammules.

The slender thin shell and axial flammules are also

characters seen in Marginella diadochus Adams &

Reeve, 1848 and therefore the possibility of an

ancestral Iink of the M bicatenata group to the M.

mus ica group should be considered.

Marginella seccombei n. sp.

Figs 28-39

Type material. 5 ad. sh., dredged, preserved dry, off

Central KwaZulu-Natal in 150m; holotype, 12.61 x

7.46 mm, NM W8641/T2985 (Figs 27-30); paratype

1, 13.29 x 8.37 mm, NM, W8642/T2986, (Figs 31,

32); paratype 2, 12.48 x 8.28 mm, AWC (Figs 33, 34);

paratype 3, 10.88 x 6.35 mm, TMC (Figs 35, 36);

paratype 4, 13.75 x 8.48 mm,

NMW.Z.2012.016.00001

Type locality. Off central KwaZulu-Natal, South

Africa.

Other material. 1 ad. sh. unmeasured, off Durban,

KwaZulu-Natal, photographed by Markus Lussi (Figs

37, 38)

Distribution. Off Central KwaZulu-Natal in 100-150

métrés.

Description. Shell moderately sized (L=12.6 mm),

W:L ratio 58 - 66 % (mean 61.4%), solid, biconic, of

4 Vi whorls including paucispiral protoconch,

posteriorly tapering to moderately wide columella

base. Pale straw coloured with two spiral bands of

very short axial ly oriented red-brown dashes

encircling body whorl. Anterior row appears darker

due to dashes being doser together. Dashes regularly

spaced and shaped ventrally, becoming more

separated and irregular from mid-dorsum to lip.

Anterior (mid-body) row of 24 closely spaced dashes

emerges immediately posterior to 4 th plication.

Posterior row of 20 more spaced marks at shoulder on

body whorl, continuing for another 2 % whorls onto

spire. Lip, base of columella and plications white.

Shoulder rounded, spire moderately elevated, suture

présent, spire whorls shouldered. Posterior end of lip

inserts at shoulder at level of posterior spiral band.

Columella slightly concave anteriorly, pariétal surface

very slightly convex. Aperture widest in middle third,

twice as wide as the lip, narrowing posteriorly and

anteriorly to as wide as the lip. Lip evenly convex in

A. Wakefield

A review of Marginella bicatenata

profile, smooth, denticles absent, external varix strong

with varix groove externally. Posterior notch absent,

siphonal notch weak. Four strong pilications, first two

oblique, third and fourth straighter, round crested,

spacing between increasing from tirst to fourth, ends

terminate at level of lip except for first which sweeps

round to join with base of columella and anterior end

of lip.

Animal unknown.

Etymology. The species is named after Alan

Seccombe (Cape Town), who first drew the authors

attention to this species.

Remarks. The type sériés (Figs 27-36) displays the

variability in this species. The number ol short axial

dashes in the two bands varies slightly, from 19 to 23

in the anterior band and from 19 to 24 in the posterior

band. Whilst many shells are marked only with the

two main spiral rows, others hâve extra rows ol tiner

markings. Paratype 2 (Figs 33, 34) is exceptionally

well marked and reveals these extra spiral lines of

extremely fine dots and dashes on the body whorl,

with 22 fine spiral dotted lines between the two main

bands, but also several anteriorly, and posteriorly onto

the spire. Paratype 1 (Figs 31,32) has these extra line

spiral lines of dashes and dots more organised so they

line up in an axial pattern.

DISCUSSION

Although the colour pattern of M seccombei

apparently links it to the M. bicatenata complex, there

are several characters which when studied in detail,

provide us with an indication that M seccombei is not

closely related to it at ail. Firstly, the shells of the M

bicatenata complex are ail relatively thin and hâve

lower W:L ratios; 54-60% (mean 56%) for M

bicatenata and 52-54% (mean 53 % ) for M lemaitrei.

The W:L ratio of M. seccombei is much higher at 58-

66 % (mean 61.4%) and is clearly a more robust,

stockier shell than those of the M bicatenata group.

Secondly, the double row of reddish-brown axial

dashes in M. seccombei , is fundamentally different in

its genesis from the double row of smudged charcoal

grey spots of the other species. This strongly suggests

that M. seccombei has a different phyletic lineage, and

that its pattern should be regarded merely as a

convergent shell character with the M bicatenata

group. "We must look elsewhere for links to its related

species.

When the species in the M. ornata complex express

spiral lined patterns, they tend to do so as bands of

small axially orientated markings. This is very évident

on reddish specimens of M. ornata Redfield, 1870 and

also in M. beltmani Fïart, 1993 and M. peelae

Bozzetti, 1993. M seccombei also shares the same

general morphology of the shells in the M. ornata

complex, with their stocky outline and convex, often

stepped later spire whorls. On purely conchological

grounds therefore, a relationship with the M. ornata

complex would seem justified although the lack of

external lip markings in M seccombei , compared with

strongly marked lips of those in the M ornata

complex, cannot be ignored.

Looking then to more northerly species for allies of M

seccombei , the pattern and morphology of two deep-

water Mozambique species M. verdascai Hayes &

Rosado, 2007 and M. monicae Bozzetti, 1997 appear

close. M verdascai , though much smaller at a length

of 5.6 - 6.8 mm (in the type sériés), has a very fine

spiral lined pattern very much like that seen in the

better preserved specimens of M seccombei.

Figures 1-38

1-21. Marginella bicatenata , G.B. Sowerby (111), 1914;

1-2. M. bicatenata , Holotype, 13x7 mm, Coll. Tomlin (NMW 1955.158.01434); 3-4. Off Durban, Natal,12.8 x

6.9 mm, 29.825°S 31.2383°E (NM D3819); 5, 6. Off Durban, Natal, 13.9 x 7.5 mm, 30.0132°S 31.06°E (NM

DI 159); 7, 8. Off Durban, Natal, 15.7 x 8.5 mm, 30.0067°S 31.05°E (NM DI 094); 9, 10. Off Durban, Natal,

13.5 x 6.6 mm (NM E8656); 11,12. Off Durban, Natal, 11.7 x 6.8 mm, 30.0182°S 31.0533°E (NM, D800); 13-

15. M tomlini , Holotype, trawled off Cape St. Blaize, Southern Cape, South Africa in 192m, 18x10 mm (SAM

A3704); 16, 17. Southern Agulhas Bank, Southern Cape, South Africa, 16.2 x 9.33 mm (AWC); 18-22. Sériés

demonstrating pattern and morphologie variability, data unknown (photo Lussi).

22-26. Marginella lemaitrei Liltved & Millard, 1994;

22-24. Holotype, Cape St. Blaize, Southern Cape, South Africa, 18.4 x 10.0 mm (SAM, A37572); 25, 26. Data

unknown (photo Lussi)

27-38. Marginella seccombei n.sp., off Durban, KwaZulu-Natal, dredged dead in 150m

27-30. Holotype, 12.61 x 7.46 mm (NM, W8641/T2985); 31, 32. Paratype 1. 13.29 x 8.37 mm (NM,

W8642/T2968); 33, 34. Paratype 2. 12.48 x 8.28 mm (AWC); 35, 36. Paratype 3. 10.88 x 6.35 mm (TMC); 37,

38. Data unknown (photo Lussi).

A. Wakefield

Novapex 13(2): 69-74, 10 juin 2012

••

A. Wakefield

A review of Marginella bicatenata

However, it lacks the two main spiral bands of brown

axial markings and it has a weakly denticulate lip.

Although smaller than M. seccombei, M monicae is a

shell of comparable shape though it is thicker and

slightly pyriform. Although mainly lacking a colour

pattern, it has a faint trace of dark markings (not clear

spots or axial streaks) at the shoulder and at the

anterior end in the same place as the spiral rows in M

seccombei. It appears to be the species closest

morphologically to M. seccombei discovered to date.

M tuguriana Lussi,1993, another benthic species

occurring in northern Natal and possibly ranging

further north into Mozambique, also has a faint

anterior band, but its extremely biconic morphology,

thicker shell and labial markings distinguish it clearly

from M. seccombei n. sp.

Acknowledgements

Dr. Igor Muratov (KwaZulu-Natal Muséum) kindly

provided the images of M bicatenata (Figs 3-12).

Linda Davis (Collections Manager, KwaZulu-Natal

Muséum), Liz Hoenson (Iziko, South African

Muséum), and Harriet Wood (Amgueddfu Cymru,

National Muséum of Wales) generously provided

access to type material and/or information. 1 would

like to express spécial thanks to Alwyn Marais (Centre

for Molluscan Studies, South Africa) for the images of

the holotype of M tomlini (Figs 13-15), and to

Markus Lussi (Durban) for his opinions on the

distribution of M. bicatenata, for his excellent images

(Figs 16-21, 25, 26, 37 and 38) and for being my

referee. A final thanks to Alan Seccombe (Cape

Town) for providing the author with type material ot

M seccombei.

REFERENCES

Cossignani, T. 2006. Marginellidae and Cystiscidae of

the World. L’informatore Piceno, Ancona. ISBN

88-86070-10-1.

Hayes, B., 2011. www.gastropoda.com (date of access

28/02/2012)

Liltved, W.R., & Millard, V.G. 1994. Five New

Species from Southern Africa. World Shells, 10: 3-

10 .

Millard, V. G., 1981. Marginellidae of South Africa.

The Strandloper , 206: 1-12, 2 pl.

Shackleford, L.J., 1916. Two New Species of

Marginella from South Africa. Annals of the South

African Muséum , 9 :193-194.

Sowerby, G. B. IIÏ, 1914, Descriptions of New

Mollusca from New Caledonia, Japan, Philippines,

China and West Africa. The Annals and Magazine

of Natural History , ser. 8, 14(84) : 475-480, pl. 19.

Tomlin, J. R. Le B., 1917. A Systematic List of the

Marginellidae. Proceedings of the malacological

Society of London. XII, 242-307.

R. Houart & J. Colomb

Novapex 13(2): 75-78, 10 juin 2012

Description of a new species of Siratus (Gastropoda: Muricidae)

from Guadeloupe, Lesser Antilles

Roland HOUART

Research Associate

Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique

Rue Vautier, 29, B-1000 Bruxelles, Belgium

roland.houart@skynet.be

Jacques COLOMB

82, rue A. Daudet

F- 13013 Marseille, France

j acquescolomb@wanadoo. fr

KEYWORDS. Gastropoda, Muricidae, Lesser Antilles, Martinique, Siratus , new species.

ABSTRACT. Siratus michelae is described from six specimens dredged in about 70 m depth off

Martinique, French Antilles. It is compared with S. cailleti (Petit, 1856) and S. kugleri (Clench &

Pérez Farfante, 1945), both also occurring in the same area, but at greater depth.

INTRODUCTION

There are currently 27 Recent species of Siratus of

which 24 live throughout the Western Atlantic and

three in the Indo-West Pacific (Houart, 2012).

Ail the species are listed by Houart (2010) and most

of them are illustrated by Merle, Garrigues & Pointier

(2011). The Western Atlantic species were also

commented and illustrated by Vokes (1965 and 1990a),

while nine species from the Western Atlantic were

named since 1990 by Vokes (1990b), Houart (1999

and 2000), Merle, Garrigues & Pointier (2001) and

Merle & Garrigues (2008 and 2011). The most recent

species was described from the Dominican Republic

and Martinique.

Abbreviations

Repository

MNHN: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris,

France.

RH coll. : Collection of Roland Houart.

JC coll.: Collection of Jacques Colomb.

Terminology used to describe the spiral cords and

apertural denticles morphology (after Merle, 1999

and 2001) (Figs 1-2).

P: primary cord; s: secondary cord; t: tertiary cord;

ad: adapical (or adapertural); ab: abapical (or

abapertural); IP: infrasutural primary cord (primary

cord on subsutural ramp); adis: adapical infrasutural

secondary cord (on subsutural ramp); abis: abapical

infrasutural secondary cord (on subsutural ramp); PI:

shoulder cord; P2-P6: primary cords of the convex

part of the teleoconch whorl; sl-s6: secondary cords

of the convex part of the teleoconch whorl (example:

si = secondary cord between PI and P2; s2 =

secondary cord between P2 and P3, etc.); ADP:

adapertural primary cord on the siphonal canal; MP:

médian primary cord on the siphonal canal.

Aperture: ID: Infrasutural denticle ; DI to D6:

Abapical denticles

SYSTEMATICS

Family MURICIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Subfamily MURICINAE Rafinesque, 1815

Genus Siratus Jousseaume, 1880

Type species, by original désignation: Purpura Sirat

"Adanson" Jousseaume, 1880 (= Murex senegalensis

Gmelin, 1791), Recent, Brazil.

Siratus michelae n. sp.

Figs 1-2, 3-4, 7-12

Type material. Holotype MNHN 25131

Paratypes: 4 JC coll., 1 RH coll.

Type locality. Martinique, Atlantic coast, 70 m.

Distribution. Currently only known from the type

material: Martinique, Atlantic coast, alive at 70 m.

Description. Shell small for the genus, up to 41.4 mm

in height at maturity. Height/width ratio 2.1-2.2.

Broadly ovate, nodose, lightly built. Subsutural ramp

broad, strongly sloping, weakly concave.

Light brown or greyish-brown with lighter coloured or

creamy white axial nodes. Spiral cords usually topped

with fine dark brown lines. P3 and P5 almost entirely

white, more obvious on axial nodes. Area between P3

and P5 lighter coloured. MP spine creamy white.

R. Houart & J. Colomb

A new species of S ira tus from Guadeloupe

Protoconch light or dark brown. Aperture bluish-

white, pariétal tooth white, edge of outer lip with dark

brown spots between apertural crenulations.

Spire moderately high with 1.75 protoconch whorls

and 6-6.5 broadly convex, weakly shouldered, nodose

whorls. Suture weakly adpressed. Protoconch small,

whorls rounded with a weak, narrow, single keel

abapically (Fig. 4). Maximum width 700-900 pm,

height 700 pm. First whorl small, 300-350 pm width.

Terminal lip shallow, délicate, opistocyrt.

Axial sculpture of teleoconch whorls consisting of

high, narrow, rounded ribs and high, strong, narrow,

rounded, weakly spinose varices. First whorl with 11-

13 ribs, second whorl with 5-9 ribs, starting varices,

third whorl with 3 low varices and 2 intervarical ribs

of similar height, fourth to last whorl with 3 high,

narrow, rounded varices and 3 narrow, high

intervarical ribs. Spiral sculpture of high, strong,

naiTow, nodose, primary, secondary and tertiary cords.

First whorl with P1-P3, second and third with IP, Pl-

P3, fourth with adis, IP, abis, PI and P2, P3

occasionally covered by subséquent whorl, fifth whorl

with adis, IP, abis, PI, si, P2, last teleoconch whorl

with t, adis, IP, abis, PI, si, P2, s2, P3, s3, P4, s4, P5,

s 5 , P6, s6, ADP, ads, MP. Intersection of axial ribs

and varices with spiral cords torming bioad, high,

strong nodes. Spiral cords PI and MP giving rise to

small, acute spine.

Aperture narrow, ovate. Columellar lip narrow, with

narrow, elongate folds adapically and abapically with

3-5, elongate, strong, oblique knobs, increasing in

strength abapically. Rim partially erect, adhèrent at

adapical extremity. Strong pariétal tooth at adapical

extremity. Anal notch deep, narrow. Outer lip erect,

weakly crenulated, with weak or strong, low, narrow

denticles within: ID, D1-D6. ID, D1-D4 split at inner

edge of outer apertural lip (Fig. 2). Adapical and

abapical denticles higher and stronger, D3 and D4

low. Siphonal canal long, 49-50% of total shell height,

narrow, straight, strongly dorsally bent, narrowly

open.

Operculum brown, ovate, with subapical nucléus and

9 or 10 broad, concentric ridges. Attached surface

with about 6 or 7 growth lines and broad callused rim.

Etymology. The new species is named for Michèle

Colomb, the wife of the second author.

Figs 1-2. Siratus michelae n. sp. spiral cords and apertural denticles morphology (paratype RH coll.).

Remarks. Siratus michelae n. sp. can be compared

with two species only, that also occur off Martinique,

although at depth of about 150-200 m.

Siratus cailleti (Petit, 1856) (Figs 5-6, 13-16) differs

in having a larger shell with a larger and broader

protoconch (Figs 5-6), with a width of 1000 pm and a

height of 800-900 pm,.lacking the fine abapical keel,

in having only two, broader and higher intervarical

îibs on penultimate and last teleoconch whorls, and in

having a relatively broader siphonal canal.

Siratus kugleri (Clench & Pérez Farfante, 1945) (Figs

17-22) most ol the time also has a shell with three

intervarical ribs on four or three abapical teleoconch

whorls, but the protoconch is larger and also lacks the

abapical keel, the shell is relatively larger with a much

broader last teleoconch whorl, a broader aperture and

a relatively broader siphonal canal.

Merle et al (2011, pl. 24, fig. 12) illustrated a shell in

MNHN as a syntype of M similis Sowerby, 1841.

Murex similis is an earlier name for S. kugleri but a

junior homonym of M similis Schrôter, 1805, thus

invalid. Siratus kugleri was named as a replacement

name for M. similis Sowerby. The specimen from

MNHN was brought to the muséum by Sowerby in

R. Houart & J. Colomb

Novapex 13(2): 75-78, 10 juin 2012

1879 and is most probably the shell that he illustrated

himself (Sowerby, 1879: pl. 3, figs 22 & 23 only), but

not a syntype. Apparently M. similis Sowerby was

described from a single specimen. The shell originally

figured by Sowerby (1841: pl. 189, fig. 70) from the

Jane Saul collection is in the University Muséum of

Cambridge and was catalogued as the holotype by

Bishop&Way (1976: 43) (Figs 17-18).

The shell morphology and the colour in S. michelae n.

sp. differentiate it definitively from any other Western

Atlantic Siratus species.

Figures 3-6. Protoconchs (scale bars: 500 pm)

3-4. Siratus michelae n. sp., paratype RH coll.; 5-6.

Siratus cailleti (Petit, 1856), Martinique, 250 m, JC

coll. (specimen illustrated Figs 15-16).

Acknowledgements

We are very grateful to Richard Preece (University of

Cambridge) for the picture of the holotype of Murex

similis Sowerby, 1841, to Virginie Héros (Muséum

national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris) for the images of

one of the syntypes of Murex cailleti and for

information about M. similis deposited in MNHN, to

Virginie Héros, Richard E. Petit (North Myrtle Beach,

South Carolina, U.S.A.) and Charlie Sturm (Carnegie

Muséum of Natural History, Pittsburgh, PA, USA) for

bibliographical research and to John Wolff, Lancaster,

Pennsylvania, USA, for checking the English text.

Thanks also to Alan Beu (Institute of Geological &

Nuclear Sciences, Lower Hutt, New Zealand) and to

Gregory S. Herbert (Department of Geology,

University of South Florida, USA) who reviewed this

paper. Jacques Colomb also thanks Régis Delannoye,

diver and seashell collector from Martinique for his

help in many ways.

References

Bishop, M.J. & Way, K. 1976. Type specimens in the

Jane Saul collection, University Muséum of

Zoology, Cambridge. Journal of Conchology.

29(1): 41-46.

Houart, R. 1999. Two new species of the genus

Chicoreus (Siratus) (Gastropoda : Muricidae) from

the western Atlantic. The Nautilus 113(4): 121-

126.

Houart, R. 2000. Description of two new species of

Chicoreus (Siratus) (Gastropoda, Muricidae) from

Honduras and Nicaragua. Novapex 1(3-4): 75-82.

Houart, R. 2010. Siratus Jousseaume, 1880. Accessed

through: World Register of Marine Species (

WoRMS) at

http://www.marinespecies.org/aph ia.php?p=taxdet

ails&id=405258 on 2012-02-01.

Houart, R. 2012. Description of a new species in the

Siratus pliciferoides group (Gastropoda:

Muricidae) from the Philippines. Novapex 13(1):

25-28.

Merle, D. 1999. La radiation des Muricidae

(Gastropoda : Neogastropoda) au Paléogène:

approche phylogénétique et évolutive . Paris.

Unpublished thesis, Muséum national d'Histoire

naturelle : i-vi, 499 pp.

Merle, D. 2001. The spiral cords and the internai

denticles of the outer lip in the Muricidae:

terminology and methodological comments.

Novapex 2(3): 69-91.

Merle, D. & Garrigues, B. 2008. New muricid species

(Mollusca, Gastropoda) from French Guiana.

Zoosystema 30(2): 517-526.

Merle, D. & Garrigues, B. 2011. Description of four

new species of Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda)

from the Philippines and the Caribbean area.

Zoosystema 33(4): 557-575.

Merle, D., Garrigues, B. & Pointier, J.P. 2001. An

analysis of the sculptural pattern of the shell in

Caribbean members of Chicoreus ( Siratus )

Jousseaume, 1880 (Gastropoda, Muricidae), with

description of a new species. Zoosystema 23(3):

417-431.

Merle, D., Garrigues, B. & Pointier, J.P. 2011 . Fossil

and Recent Muricidae of the World -Part

Muricinae- Ed. Conchbooks, D-55546

Hackenheim, 648p.

Sowerby, G.B. 1834-1841. The Conchological

Illustrations , Murex , Sowerby, London: pis 58-67

(1834); pis 187-199 + catalogue: 1-9(1841).

Sowerby, G.B. 1879. Thésaurus conchyliorum , vol. 4,

pts. 33-34: 1-55, pis. 380-402, London.

Vokes, E.H. 1965. Cenozoic Muricidae of the western

Atlantic région, pt. II. Chicoreus s.s. and

Chicoreus (Siratus). Tulane Studies in Geology

andPaleontology. 3(4): 181-204.

Vokes, E.H. 1990a. Cenozoic Muricidae of the

western Atlantic région. Part VIII - Murex s.s.,

Haustellum, Chicoreus, and Hexaplex\ additions

and corrections. Tulane Studies in Geology and

Paleontology. 23(1-3): 1-96.

Vokes, E.H. 1990b. Two new species of Chicoreus

subgenus Siratus (Gastropoda: Muricidae) from

northeastern Brazil. The Nautilus 103(4): 124-130.

R. Houart & J. Colomb

A new species of Siratus from Guadeloupe

Figures 7-22

7-12. Siratus michelae n. sp., Martinique, Atlantic coast, 70 m. 7-9. Holotype MNHN 25131,39 mm; 10-11.

Paratype JC coll, 41.4 mm; 12. Paratype RH coll., 41.4 mm.

13-16. Siratus caUleti (Petit, 1856). 13-14. Guadeloupe, syntype MNHN0062, 53.4 mm; 15-16. Martinique, 250

m, JC coll., 59.8 mm;

17-22. Siratus kugleri (Clench & Pérez Fartante, 1945). 17-18. Locality unknown, holotype of Murex similis

Sowerby, 1841, Cambridge Mus., 48.6 mm; 19-20. Guadeloupe, lie de la Désirade, 250 m, RH coll., 51.3 mm;

21-22. St. Bartelemy, Banc de Rabet, 150 m, RH coll., 62 mm.

R. Le Beon

Novapex 13(2): 79-85, 10 juin 2012

Une nouvelle Marginella (Gastropoda: Marginellidae)

de la côte occidentale d’Afrique

Roger LE BEON

157 avenue docteur Schweitzer,

83160 La Valette du Var, France

r 1 ebeon@orange. fr

MOTS-CLES. Gastropoda, Marginellidae, Afrique de l’Ouest, Groupe Marginella glabella ,

nouvelle espèce, sympatrie.

RESUME. L’auteur décrit une espèce du genre Marginella Lamarck, 1799 : Marginella

pseudodesjardini sp nov. draguée au large de la côte ouest africaine, dans une zone s’étendant du

nord de la péninsule du Cap Vert (Sénégal) à la Côte d’ivoire, au niveau circalittoral. Le nouveau

taxon est comparé à des espèces similaires : Marginella sebastiani Marche-Marchad & Rosso,

1979, M. desjardini Marche-Marchad, 1957, M. glabella Linnaeus, 1758 et M. psendosebastiani

Mattavelli, 2001, dont la distribution est partiellement sympatrique.

ABSTRACT. The author describes a species belonging to the genus Marginella Lamarck, 1799:

Marginella pseudodesjardini sp. nov., dredged off the west African coast, along an area spreading

from North the peninsula of Cap Vert (Sénégal) to the Ivory Coast, at the circalittoral level. The

new taxon is compared to the similar species M. sebastiani Marche-Marchad & Rosso, 1979, M.

desjardini Marche-Marchad, 1957, M. glabella Linnaeus, 1758 and M. pseudosebastiani

Mattavelli, 2004, ranging partially in sympatry.

INTRODUCTION

Le présent article est consacré à la description d’une

espèce nouvelle dans le groupe Marginella glabella.

Le groupe M. glabella est constitué par un ensemble

d’espèces de taille relativement importante dont les

coquilles lisses et globuleuses de 1 à 8 centimètres

présentent une coloration rosée à rouge soutenu et

ornées de taches pâles en forme de points plus ou

moins importants :

Marginella. glabella L., 1758, est distribuée du

Maroc à la Guinée y compris dans les archipels des

Canaries et du Cap Vert.

Marginella. desjardini Marche-Marchad, 1957 est

distribuée du sud de la Mauritanie au nord du golfe de

Guinée.

Marginella sebastiani Marche-Marchad et Rosso,

1979 est distribuée du Sénégal à la Guinée.

Marginella psendosebastiani Mattavelli, 2001 est

distribuée du sud de la Mauritanie jusqu’à l’extrême

nord du Sénégal.

On peut aussi rapprocher à cet ensemble Marginella

aurantia Lamarck, 1822 et Marginella lamarcki

Boyer, 2004, dont les tailles sont néanmoins

radicalement inférieures, la silhouette de la coquille

étant nettement plus cylindrique et le système de

décoration en nappes blanches étant très différent du

système de décoration ponctué ou tacheté rencontré

dans le reste du groupe M. glabella.

On écarte aussi de cette étude la comparaison avec

Marginella goodalli Sowerby, 1825, caractérisée par

une coquille de forme trapue à l’épaule anguleuse.

On écarte enfin de cette étude la comparaison avec

Marginella irrorata Menke, 1828, dont les

caractéristiques sont très proches de celles de

Marginella glabella mais dont la zone de distribution

est limitée au sud marocain et au nord mauritanien, ne

présentant ainsi aucune sympatrie avec l’espèce

nouvelle décrite ici.

Abréviations

MNHN: Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle de

Paris, France.

AT: Collection Alex Trencar

MCA: Collection Marie Christine Aron

RLB: Collection Roger Le Béon

Matériel. Cinq spécimens à l’état sec, ont été réunis

par l’auteur. Les données morphométriques

complémentaires proviennent des collections de M.

Alex Trencar (11 échantillons), Mme Marie Christine

Aron (14) et M. Gilles Granpoder (1). La provenance

est donnée de l’Afrique de l’ouest, sous-produit des

dragages halieutiques intensifs pratiqués depuis de

nombreuses années dans la zone du plateau

continental. M.C. Aron signale que ses exemplaires

proviennent plus précisément de Côte d’ivoire au

large d’Abidjan. Par ailleurs, l’exemplaire présenté de

R. Le Beon

Une nouvelle Marginella

façon erronée comme M. desjardini par Marche-

Marchad (1957 : fig. 6) a été collecté au large de

Dakar. Enfin, l’auteur a pu identifier de nombreuses

illustrations de coquilles de cette marginelle dans

différents ouvrages et sur des sites web dédiés à la

conchyliologie, où elle est généralement désignée

comme M. desjardini et plus rarement comme M

sebastiani. Trente-quatre échantillons ont ainsi pu être

exploités pour les données morphométriques.

Faute d’avoir obtenu des exemplaires vivants ou

conservés dans l’alcool, les parties molles n’ont pu

être étudiées.

Historique. L’auteur a signalé dans un article

antérieur (Le Béon. 2010) la découverte de trois

exemplaires de forme et décor identiques qui, au

premier abord ressemblaient à Marginella sebastiani,

mais surtout à Marginella desjardini. Constatant aussi

que ces coquilles étaient souvent confondues dans les

publications avec Marginella desjardini , fauteur a

proposé de distinguer cette forme sous la

dénomination de Marginella cf. desjardini.

A la suite de cet article, des données relatives à plus

de 30 exemplaires provenant de diverses collections

ont été rassemblées . L’étude de ce matériel a conduit

l’auteur à émettre l’hypothèse de l’existence d’une

nouvelle espèce (Le Béon, 2011), dont la description

fait l’objet du présent article.

SYSTEMATIQUE

Famille MARGINELLIDAE

Sous famille MARGINELLINAE

Genre Marginellidae Fleming 1823

Espèce type par monotypie: Marginella glabella

Linnaeus, 1758

Marginella pseudodesjardini n. sp.

Figs 9-12

Matériel type. Flolotype MNHN 23796, Sénégal,

62,01 mm x 28,8 mm. Paratype 1, Sénégal, 60,2 mm x

28,7 mm. Paratype 2, Sénégal, 49,15 mm x 23,6 mm.

Paratype 3, Sénégal, 45,1 mm x 21,5 mm (paratypes

coll. RLB).

Localité type. Sénégal.

Distribution. L’holotype et les paratypes sont

originaires du Sénégal.

Les autres coquilles dont la localisation est certaine

sont :

La coquille (Fig. 6) figurée dans l’article de Marche-

Marchad & Rosso (1979) provenant de "Dakar,

Sénégal".

Le lot de 14 coquilles de M.C. Aron provenant de la

région d’Abidjan.

L exemplaire que signale Fabio Mattavelli, d’une

taille exceptionnelle de 74 mm, provenant des

environs de l’île de Gorée au Sénégal.

Un exemplaire de 54 mm signalé sur le site de Fabio

Mattavelli proviendrait de Casamance au sud du

Sénégal.

La zone de distribution de Marginella

pseudodesjardini n. sp s’étend donc au moins de la

presqu’île du Cap Vert, où elle vit en sympatrie avec

Marginella sebastiani et Marginella desjardini ,

jusqu’à la Côte d’ivoire.

Description. Coquille épaisse, brillante, biconique,

étroitement fusiforme. La spire est formée de 5 à 6

tours au profil légèrement courbe, la courbure étant

plus marquée du côté adapical. Le dernier tour de

spire est légèrement convexe dans le bas. Il est très

développé et égal en hauteur à plus de 4 fois le reste

de la coquille. La suture est légèrement oblique à

gauche et bien accusée. Le dernier tour va également

en s'atténuant vers le bas jusqu'au canal abapical

(antérieur) qui est tronqué. Sommet obtus,

mamelonné, bien distinct. La plus grande largeur est

située au tiers postérieur du test. Ouverture égale à

plus des 2/3 de la hauteur totale, sensiblement plus

étroite vers le haut, légèrement élargie vers le bas.

Labre fortement marginé à l'extérieur, souvent épaissi

à l'intérieur, sauf vers son bord adapical où cet

épaississement s'atténue, laissant une légère gouttière

en relation avec le canal. Sa jonction avec la zone

adapicale se situe entre un et trois millimètres au-

dessus de la suture du dernier tour. L’épaississement

porte vers le milieu une dizaine de denticulations

obtuses dont la base commune contribue encore à

épaissir le milieu du bord interne du labre donnant à

celui-ci sur sa face interne un dessin en forme de S

inversé et très étiré. Ces denticulations disparaissent

ou s'atténuent aux deux extrémités de la coquille. Le

profil extérieur du labre est très courbe dans sa partie

adapicale puis presque rectiligne sur les 2/3 suivants

pour finir avec une courbure moins accentuée dans sa

partie abapicale. La columelle est oblique et à peu

près rectiligne, munie de 4 plis en forme de lamelles

qui convergent vers l’intérieur, presque horizontales

pour les deux postérieures et presque verticales pour

les deux adapicales. Bord columellaire étalé et bien

limité vers l'avant, se reliant avec la marge

postérieure.

La coloration consiste en un fond jaune pâle lavé de

beau rouge carnéolé sur lequel se détachent trois zones

rouges plus sombres alternées avec trois zones plus

claires. L’ensemble du dernier tour est irrégulièrement

maculé de taches blanc-crème. La première zone

rouge, sous la suture du dernier tour, est ornée de

macules en forme de flammes longitudinales qui sont

prolongées sur le reste du dernier tour par des macules

vaguement quadrangulaires qui semblent

approximativement organisées en lignes

longitudinales. Cette zone apparaît aussi sur les tours

de la spire.

R. Le Beon

Novapex 13(2): 79-85, 10 juin 2012

Variations. Elles portent sur la forme générale plus

ou moins fusiforme mais qui semble remarquablement

stable avec une variation de l’élongation (rapport de la

longueur maximum sur la largeur maximum) très

faible.

- La taille peut varier de 38 mm de haut pour les

échantillons observés, allant jusque 74 mm.

- La surépaisseur du labre plus ou moins marquée,

jusqu’à 20 dents, mais parfois quasi obsolètes pour les

exemplaires plus matures.

- La densité plus ou moins forte des flammes sous la

suture, mais toujours existantes.

- Le nombre et la forme des macules et la coloration

du dernier tour plus ou moins foncée qui peut être de

couleur jaunâtre uniforme par atténuation relative des

zones rouges.

Remarques. Cette marginelle de grande taille pour le

genre, est très proche de Marginella desjardini pour sa

taille et sa forme, mais aussi de Marginella sebastiani.

Elle est aussi proche de Marginella pseudosebastiani

surtout pour son décor presque identique. Un examen

croisé des caractéristiques principales de ces espèces

permet néanmoins de distinguer la forme Marginella

pseudodesjardini avec certitude.

Les caractéristiques comparées sont:

• L’élongation et la taille de la coquille ainsi que

l’aspect et la répartition des macules sur le décor

du dernier tour, qui constituent les caractères

principaux.

• L’épaisseur et la forme du labre ainsi que la

position de la jonction entre le labre et la suture

du dernier tour, qui constituent des caractères

secondaires.

• La présence plus ou moins marquée de flammules

au niveau de la suture et le dernier tour qui

constitue un caractère secondaire.

1. Elongation

SYNTHESE ELONGATION L/I

Taille

maximum

échantillons en

millimètres

Espèce

Nbre

échantillons

L/l

min

L/l moyen

L/l max

Dispersion*

M. sebastiani

1,6

1,82

2,03

0,43

71,4

M. pseudosebastiani

1,7

1,85

1,94

0,24

54,05

M. glabella

1,7

1,84

1,97

0,27

58,12

M desjardini

1,91

2,17

2,44

0,53

72,8

M. pseudodesjardini

1,94

2,07

2,35

0,41

* caractérise par espèce, l’amplitude de la variation de l’élongation moyenne.

Les mesures comparatives révèlent la proximité des

ensembles M sebastiani-M. pseudosebastiani-M.

glabella : 1,82 /1,85/1,84, et M desjardini-M,

pseudodesjardin i: 2,17/2,07, avec une hiérarchie

croissante M sebastiani , M. glabella , M.

pseudosebastiani , M ps eudo desjardini, M. desjardini.

Même si certains résultats sont peu divergents quand

on considère les ensembles ainsi mis en évidence, les

données lissées par contre, révèlent une claire

divergence entre les cinq formes considérées.

M. desjardini et M pseudodesjardini se distinguent

fortement des trois autres espèces par le rapport L/l et

divergent entre elles pour ce rapport. Pour ce même

rapport les trois espèces M. sebastiani , M. glabella , M.

pseudosebastiani sont pratiquement indiscernables.

R. Le Beon

Une nouvelle Marginella

Elongation L/l

1,50

0 10 20 30

N° échantillons classés par longueur

— M. Sébastiani

- M. pseudosebastiani

- -à. - M. pseudodesjardini

- m - M. desjardini

M. glabella

Linéaire (M. sebastiani)

Linéaire (M.

pseu doseb astia ni)

Linéaire (M.

pseu dodesjardini)

Linéaire (M. desjardini)

Linéaire (M. glabella)

2. Macules blanchâtres sur le dernier tour

M. sebastiani

Grosses. Répartition aléatoire sur tout le dernier tour. Forme ronde.

M. glabella

Petites, parfois organisées en treillis. Parfois obsolètes.

M. pseudosebastiani

Petites. Répartition aléatoire sur tout le dernier tour. Forme ronde.

M. pseudodesjardini

Quadrangulaires. Répartition aléatoire sur tout le dernier tour. Parfois en lignes

longitudinales

M. desjardini

Quadrangulaires. Répartition aléatoire sur tout le dernier tour sauf sur les trois bandes

claires. Parfois en lignes longitudinales

L’absence de taches sur les trois bandes claires chez Marginella desjardini est un critère très discriminant. Elle

est la seule du groupe à avoir cette caractéristique.

3. Surépaisseur médiane du labre

M. sebastiani

Quasi inexistante, mais présences de denticulations

M. glabella

Inexistante, mais présences de denticulations

M. pseudosebastiani

Inexistante

M. pseudodesjardini

Assez fréquente mais de faible ampleur

M. desjardini

Très fréquente et parfois très marquée

Ce critère secondaire permet de séparer les couples M. sebastiani!M. pseudosebastiani et M. desjardini!M.

pseudodesjardini.

R. Le Beon

Novapex 13(2): 79-85, 10 juin 2012

4. Position de la jonction entre le labre et la suture du dernier tour.

Jonction du labre sur la spire

2,5

1,5

‘<D

0,5

- m B— “ V— -0^

B—

rang par ordre de longueur

- <> - M.sebastiani

—□ - M.desjardini

—sir— M. pseudodesjardini

— — Logarithmique (M.

sebastiani)

“■ ■ Logarithmique (M.

desjardini)

. Logarithmique (M.

pseudodesjardini)

Ce critère permet de séparer aisément Marginella desjardini des deux autres espèces.

5. Flammes au niveau de la suture

M. sebastiani

Rarement présentes et alors sur les grosses tailles et en petit nombre

M glabella

Très fréquentes

M. pseudosebastiani

Très fréquentes

M. pseudodesjardini

Fréquentes sauf parfois sur les grosses tailles

M. desjardini

Très fréquentes sauf sur certains spécimens anormaux.

6. Comparaison synthétique des données morphométriques de M. pseudodesjardini avec M. sebastiani , M.

glabella , M. pseudosebastiani et M. desjardini

M. pseudodesjardini - M.

sebastiani

L’élongation de M pseudodesjardini est nettement plus forte : 2.07 pour 1.82.

Le labre de M. pseudodesjardini est souvent plus épaissi.

Les flammes sont souvent absentes chez M. sebastiani.

I es macules sont rondes et plus grosses chez M. sebastiani

M. pseudodesjardini-M.

glabella

L’élongation de M. pseudodesjardini est nettement plus forte : 2.07 pour 1.84.

Le labre est dépourvu de surépaisseur chez M. glabella.

Les macules sont plus petites et souvent organisées en treillis chez M. glabella.

M. pseudodesjardini-M.

pseudosebastiani

L’élongation de M pseudodesjardini est nettement plus forte : 2.07 pour 1.85.

Le labre est dépourvu de surépaisseur et de denticulations chez M.

pseudosebastiani.

I es macules sont plus petites et rondes chez M. pseudosebastiani.

M. pseudodesjardini-M.

desjardini

L’élongation est légèrement plus faible chez M. pseudodesjardini : 2.07 pour 2.17.

La distance entre la jonction du labre et la suture de la spire sur le dernier tour est

nettement plus faible chez M. desjardini : 0.5 pour 2.

Les macules sont absentes sur les trois bandes claires du dernier tour chez M.

desjardini.

R. Le Beon

Une nouvelle Marginella

Mattavelli (2001) a décrit M. pseudosebastiani de

Mauritanie. Elle est très voisine de Marginella

glabella dont elle partage en partie le biotope.

A partir de mes articles (Le Béon, 2010 et 2011) et de

ses propres recherches il publie un nouvel article

(Mattavelli, 2011) où il propose trois hypothèses

concernant Marginella pseudodesjardini :

• En premier lieu il proposerait qu'elle soit adoptée

en tant que sous-espèce de Marginella

pseudosebastiani.

• Deuxièmement, en se fondant sur une hypothèse

d’hybridation entre Marginella pseudosebastiani

et Marginella pseudodesjardin i ou entre

Marginella sebastiani et Marginella desjardini, il

proposerait Marginella klepton pseudosebastiani

• En troisième lieu enfin, il considérerait Marginella

pseudodesjardini comme une espèce valide.

Concernant la première hypothèse seuls les critères de

décor convergeants entre Marginella pseudosebastiani

et Marginella pseudodesjardini permettent de soutenir

cette hypothèse. Par contre l’élongation et la tendance

à l’épaississement du labre chez Marginella

pseudodesjardini permettent de séparer les deux

formes sans intermédiaires avérés.

La deuxième hypothèse ne serait démontrée que si les

zones de dispersion de ces espèces étaient confondues

ou au minimum contigües, ce qui ne semble pas être le

cas.

La troisième proposition est donc la plus probable tant

que les hypothèses d’hybridation ne sont pas

démontrées.

Remerciements

Mes remerciements vont à M. Jack Basset (Rennes,

France) pour la fourniture de l’holotype, M. Alex

Trencar (Istres, France), Mme Marie Christine Aron

(Le Puy Sainte Réparade, France), M. Gilles

Granpoder (Les Paluds de Noves, France) et Jean

François Michard (Garéoult, France) pour la

fourniture de données morphométriques et d’images,

ainsi qu’à Mme Virginie Héros (Muséum national

d'Histoire naturelle, Paris) pour la documentation

fournie, M. Franck Boyer (Sevran, France) pour ses

conseils éclairés et M. Flavio Mattavelli (Gorgonzola,

Italie) pour l’intérêt qu’il a porté à cette étude et les

images fournies. Un remerciement particulier pour M.

Roland Houart (Landen, Belgique) pour sa grande

patience.

REFERENCES

Le Béon R. 2010. Marginella cf. desjardini.

Xenophora 129: 28-30.

Le Béon R. 2011. Marginella cf. desjardini (suite).

Xenophora 133: 17.

Marche-Marchad, I. & Rosso, J.-C., 1979. Une

nouvelle marginelle de la côte occidentale

d'Afrique: Marginella sebastiana sp. nov.

(Gastropoda, Marginellidae). Bollettino

Malacologico 15(7-8): 197-208.

Marche-Marchad, I. 1957. Description de cinq

gastropodes marins nouveaux de la côte

occidentale d'Afrique. Bulletin du Muséum

National d'Histoire Naturelle 2° série, 29(2): 200-

205.

Mattavelli, F. 2001. Marginella pseudosebastiani.

Malacologia 34: 3-8.

Mattavelli, F. 2011. Marginella sp. oppure kl.

pseudodesjardini?Malacologia 70: 16.

Figures 1-22

1. Marginella glabella 52.2 mm, Mauritanie, coll. RLB; 2. Marginella pseudosebastiani 49 mm, Mauritanie,

coll. RLB; 3. Marginella sebastiani 52.8 mm, Sénégal, coll. RLB; 4. Marginella pseudodesjardini 60.2 mm,

Sénégal, paratype 1, coll. RLB; 5. Marginella desjardini 55.5 mm, Sénégal, coll. RLB; 6-7. Coquille figurant

dans l’article de Marche-Marchad & Rosso (1979). 8-9. Holotype de Marginella sebastiani .MNHN 55.4 mm;

10-11. Holotype de Marginella desjardini. MNHN 70.8 mm

12-19. Marginella pseudodesjardini

12-13. Holotype (MNHN 2396) (longueur x largeur) 62,01 x 28,8 mm. Hauteur du dernier tour 49,46 mm,

hauteur de l'ouverture 48,7 mm; 14-15. Paratype 1 (Coll. RLB) 60,2 x 28,7 mm; 16-17. Paratype 2 (Coll. RLB)

49,15 x 23,6 mm; 18-19. Paratype 3 (Coll. RLB): 45, 2 x 21, 5 mm.

20-22. Jonction de la lèvre par rapport à la suture du dernier tour

20. Marginella pseudodesjardini ; 21. Marginella desjardini ; 22. Marginelli sebastiani.

• •

R. Le Beon

NOVAPEX 13(2): 79-85, 10 juin 2012

J. Trôndle & J. Letourneux

Novapex 13(2): 87-90, 10 juin 2012

Description de Turbo fakaauensis n. sp.

(Mollusca: Gastropoda: Turbinidae)

du Pléistocène de Niau, Tuamotu (Polynésie française)

Jean TRÔNDLÉ

Attaché au Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle

Département Systématique et Évolution

55, rue de Buffon, 75005 Paris, France

j. trond le@orange. fr

Jean LETOURNEUX

Mahina, Tahiti, Polynésie française

natual ey la@ma i 1. pf

MOTS-CLEFS. Mollusca, Gastropoda, Turbinidae, Polynésie française, Pléistocène.

KEYWORDS. Mollusca, Gastropoda, Turbinidae, French Polynesia, Pleistocene.

RÉSUMÉ. Une nouvelle espèce Turbo fakaauensis du Pléistocène est décrite de Niau, Archipel

des Tuamotu (Polynésie française) et est comparée à Turbo crassus Wood, 1828, espèce proche

actuelle de l'Indo-Ouest Pacifique.

ABSTRACT. Turbo fakaauensis n. sp. is described from Niau, Tuamotu Archipelago (French

Polynesia) dated Pleistocene and is compared with Turbo crassus Wood, 1828, a quite similar

présent Indo-West Pacific species.

INTRODUCTION

Les tests de Turbo fakaauensis n. sp. ont été extraits

de sables coralliens détritiques prélevés en bordure de

lagon de l'atoll de Niau. L'altitude moyenne de l'atoll

est actuellement de 7,5 m et les sables récoltés

correspondraient à un niveau marin du dernier

interglaciaire (Pléistocène, environ 125 000 ans), de 6

à 10 m plus élevé qu'actuellement (Trôndlé & Salvat,

2010). Dans ces sédiments détritiques 12 familles de

bivalves et 33 familles de gastropodes sont

représentées. Au total 121 espèces de mollusques (29

bivalves et 92 gastropodes) ont été répertoriées et sont

en cours d'étude. Chez les bivalves ce sont les

Tellinidae qui dominent avec 8 espèces et chez les

gastropodes ce sont les Cerithiidae avec 11 espèces.

Les Turbinidae ne sont représentés que par deux

espèces et une seule dans le genre Turbo. Deux

nouvelles espèces de mollusques gastropodes ont déjà

récemment été décrites Strombus blanci Trôndlé &

Salvat , 2010 et Terebra niauensis Trôndlé &

Letourneux, 2011.

Abréviations

BMNH: The Natural History Muséum, London, U.K.

CRIOBE: Centre de Recherches Insulaires et

Observatoire de f Environnement, Moorea, Polynésie

Française.

EPHE: École Pratique des Hautes Études, Perpignan,

France.

MNHN: Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris,

France.

ZSM: Zoologische Staatssammlung München,

Deutschland.

JL: Collection Jean Letourneux.

JT: Collection Jean Trôndlé.

PF: Polynésie française.

SYSTÉMATIQUE

Famille TURBINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815

Genre Turbo Linnaeus, 1758

Espèce type: Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758, par

désignation subséquente, Montfort, 1810.

Turbo fakaauensis n. sp.

Figs 1-2, 5-6

Matériel type. Atoll de Niau, Tuamotu, Polynésie

française, 16°08’S, 146°20’W, holotype, 102 mm,

MNHN 24607 (Figs. 1-2).

Paratypes: 49,5 mm, MNHN 24608 (Fig. 5); 103,5

mm, CRIOBE (Fig. 6); 84,6 mm, JL; 80 mm, JT.

Localité type. Atoll de Niau, Tuamotu, Polynésie

française, 16°08’S, 146°20’W.

Description de P holotype. Coquille lourde, épaisse,

turbinée et globuleuse, mesurant 102 mm de hauteur

et 87 mm de diamètre. Le test usé est de couleur

blanche. La spire est peu élevée. L'apex est érodé. Le

J. Trôndle & J. Letourneux

Turbo fakaauensis n. sp.

dernier tour est ample et marqué d'une zone sous-

suturale légèrement concave, absente des premiers

tours. L'ouverture est nacrée, large, arrondie, bordée

par un bourrelet columellaire et un large cal obturant

l'ombilic et se projetant vers l'avant. L'ouverture, au

péristome brisé dans sa partie antéro-exteme, mesure

74 mm de hauteur et occupe ainsi plus de la moitié de

la hauteur totale de la coquille. Le test est parcouru par

de nombreuses rides circulaires fines, une

cinquantaine sur le dernier tour. Des stries de

croissance bien marquées près de l'ouverture ne sont à

peine visibles qu'à fort grossissement sur le reste du

test.

Distribution. Uniquement connue de la localité type.

Remarques. La taille maximale observée est de 103,5

mm (paratype, fig. 6) chez un individu dont l'apex est

érodé et la partie antérieure de la coquille tronquée. La

protoconque est absente chez les cinq exemplaires

examinés. Aucun opercule n'a été récolté.

Un des paratypes (Fig. 6) présente 4 cavités et 1

perforation sur la face ventrale du dernier tour,

alignées parallèlement à la columelle. Ces cavités,

d environ 10 mm de diamètre et 10 mm de profondeur

s’élargissent très légèrement de la surface du test vers

le fond. Des empreintes en relief identiques au fond

de toutes les cavités permettent d’affirmer que ces

dernières ont été creusées par des bivalves lithophages

[Lithophaga (Mytilidae) ou Gastrochaena

(Gastrochaenidae)]. La perforation correspond à un

orifice situé en arrière des cavités. 11 espèces de

lithophages (8 Mytilidae et 3 Gastrochaenidae) ont été

répertoriées en Polynésie française (Trôndlé & Boutet,

2009); aucun de ces mollusques perforants n’a été

trouvé dans le gisement de subfossiles du pléistocène

où ont été récoltés les tests de Turbo fakaauensis n. sp.

Turbo fakaauensis n. sp. est proche, par son allure

générale, de Turbo crassus Wood, 1828 (Fig. 3-4),

absent en Polynésie française. Cependant, d'aspect

moins massif, T. crassus est de taille plus modeste, de

60 à 80 mm, et possède une spire plus élevée.

L'épaule de T. crassus est marquée d'un épais cordon

chez l'adulte, caractère que l'on ne retrouve pas chez

T. fakaauensis. Par ailleurs la sculpture du test de T.

crassus est constituée de fortes cordes spirales,

d'épaisseur inégale, entrecoupées de fines stries

axiales, alors que le test de T. fakaauensis est parcouru

par de nombreuses rides spirales sensiblement d'égale

importance. L'imposant cal columellaire se projetant

en avant de l'ouverture chez T. fakaauensis est absent

chez T. crassus .

Le récent inventaire des mollusques de Polynésie

Française (Trôndlé & Boutet, 2009) fait état de la

présence de 4 espèces du genre Turbo :

Turbo argyrostomus Linnaeus, 1758 est une espèce

pouvant atteindre 100 mm, mais dont le test est

parcouru d'épais cordons circulaires souvent

squameux chez l'adulte, caractère absent cher T.

fakaauensis.

Turbo petholatus Linnaeus, 1758, possède un test lisse

et brillant, dépasse rarement 65 mm en Polynésie,

mais peut atteindre exceptionnellement 100 mm.

Turbo mannoratus Linnaeus, 1758, introduit en

Polynésie française dans les années 60, est une espèce

de grande taille atteignant 220 mm de hauteur qui

présente à un stade juvénile une certaine ressemblance

avec T. fakaauensis. Cependant T. mannoratus est

dépourvu de sculpture spirale et est parcouru de très

nombreuses stries de croissances bien marquées,

caractères que l'on ne retrouvent pas chez T.

fakaauensis, Par ailleurs son aspect général est moins

globuleux et la spire est plus élevée. Enfin, un épais

cordon noduleux orne très tôt l'épaule de T.

mannoratus.

Turbo setosus Gmelin, 1791 peut atteindre 95 mm,

mais à la différence de T. fakaauensis son test est

sculpté d'épais cordons circulaires, alternant avec des

cordons plus fins.

Alors que les sédiments bioclastiques de Niau n'ont

révélé qu'une seule espèce de Turbo , les études sur la

faune malacologique du Pléistocène de l'Indo-

Pacifique mentionnent la présence fréquente de

plusieurs espèces du genre Turbo: Tongatabu

[Ostergaard , 1935 (T. argyrostomus, commun, T.

crassus, T. petholatus)], Hawaii [Ostergaard, 1939 (7’.

intercostalis, commun, T. sp.)], Henderson [Spencer

& Paulay, 1989 (T. argyrostomus, commun)], Guam

[Ladd, 1966 (T. argyrostomus, T clvysostomus)],

Vanuatu (Nelles Hébrides) [Ladd, 1966 (T.

argyrostomus , T chrysostomus ), Ladd, 1982 (T.

petholatus )], Okinawa [MacNeil, 1960 (T. petholatus ,

T. argyrostomus)].

Etymologie. L'espèce est nommée d'après la localité

type, Fakaau (nom Paumotu de l’atoll de Niau).

Remerciements

Nous remercions Axel Alf (ZSM) et Suzanne

Williams (BMNH), spécialistes des Turbinidae, pour

leurs avis sur cette nouvelle espèce, Philippe Maestrati

(MNHN) pour les photos et la réalisation de la

p ancie, Piene Lozouel (MNHN) pour ses remarques

dans le manuscrit et ses commentaires, Bernard Salvat

(EPHE) pour ses commentaires sur les cavités de

lithophages sur un des tests et la relecture du

manuscrit, ainsi que ceux qui d'une façon ou d'une

autre nous ont aidés à réaliser cette étude: Philippe

Boutet (PF), Robert Gourguet

(PF).

REFERENCES

Ladd, H.S., 1966. Chitons and gastropods (Haliotidae

îoug Adeorbidae) ffom the western Pacific islands.

G eological Survey Professional Paper, 531: 98p.

J. Trôndle & J. Letourneux

Novapex 13(2): 87-90, 10 juin 2012

1-2,5-6. Turbo fakaauensis n. sp.; 1, 2. Holotype MNHN 24607, 102 mm; 5. Paratype MNHN 24608 49 5 mm

(sculpture spirale); 6. Paratype CRIOBE, 103,5 mm (cavités dues à des lithophages).

3-4. Turbo crassus Wood, 1828, 72 mm, îles Salomon (photos Axel Alf).

J. Trôndle & J. Letourneux

Turbo fakaauensis n. sp.

Ladd, H.S., 1982. Cenozoic fossil mollusks from

western Pacific islands; Gastropods (Eulimidae

and Volutidae through Terebridae). Geological

Survey Professional Paper , 1171: 100p.

MacNeil, F.S., 1960. Tertiary and quaternary

Gastropoda of Okinawa. Geological Survey

Professional Paper, 339: 148p.

Ostergaard, M.J., 1935. Recent and fossil marine

Mollusca of Tongatabu. Bernice P. Bishop

Muséum , Bulletin 131: 3-59.

Ostergaard, M.J., 1939. Report on fossil Mollusca of

Molokai and Maui. Occasional Papers of Bernice

P. Bishop Muséum , Honolulu, Hawaii, 15(6): 57-

77.

Spencer, T. & Paulay, G., 1989. Geology and

geomorphology of Henderson Island. Atoll

Research Bulletin , 323: 18p.

Trôndlé, J. & Boutet, M., 2009. Inventory of marine

molluscs of French Polynesia. Atoll Research

Bulletin , 570: 87p.

Trôndlé, J. & Letourneux J., 2011. Description de

Terebra niauensis n. sp. (Mollusca: Gastropoda:

Terebridae) du Pléistocène de Niau, Tuamotu

(Polynésie Française). Novapex, 12(3-4): 87-90.

Trôndlé, J. & Salvat, B, 2010. La thanatocènose du

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la description d’une nouvelle espèce de Slrombus

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Keen, A.M. & Campbell, G.B. 1964. Ten new species of Typhinae (Gastropoda : Muricidae). TheVeliger 7(1): 46-57.

Powell, A.W.B. 1979. New Zealand Mollusca. Marine, land and freshwater shells. William Collins Publishers Ltd: xiv + 500 pp.

Mayr, È. 1989. Attaching names to objects. In: What the philosophy ofbiology is : essays for David Hull (M. Ruse, ed.), Klumer Academie, Dordrecht: 235-243.

Source Internet : . , . . „ .. .. . ., . .

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PowpH A A M w & R C « 7 o b M’ G B ' 1964, Ten new speciesof Typhinae (Gastropoda : Muricidae). TheVeliger 7(1): 46-57.

Mavr F iqrq 979 ■. Zealand Mollusca. Marine, land and freshwater shells. William Collins Publishers Ltd: xiv + 500 pp.

Internet resources aCh,n9 l ° °^ eCtS * ln: Whdt the phi,0S0 P h y ofbiology is : essays for David Hull (M. Ruse, ed.), Klumer Academie, Dordrecht: 235-243.

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