Serials

Shrimps and Shrimp-like Anomurans

(Crustacea, Decapoda)

from Southeastern Alaska

and Prince William Sound

H. J. Squires and Armando J. G. Figueira

Shrimps and Shrimp-like Anomurans

(Crustacea, Decapoda)

from Southeastern Alaska

and Prince William Sound

National Museum of Natural Sciences

Publications in Biological

Oceanography, No. 6

Published by the

National Museums of Canada

Staff Editor: Frances Smith

Musée national des Sciences naturelles

Publications d’Océanographie

biologique, n° 6

Publié par les

Musées nationaux du Canada

Shrimps and Shrimp-like Anomurans

(Crustacea, Decapoda)

from Southeastern Alaska

and Prince William Sound

H. J. Squires and Armando J. G. Figueira

©Crown copyrights reserved

Available by mail

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Catalogue No. NM95—7/6-1

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Contents

Biographical Note, 6

Summary, 7

Résumé, 7

Acknowledgements, 8

Preface, 9

Systematic Treatment, 11

Conclusion, 20

Appendix: List of Species per Station, 21

References Cited, 23

Biographical Note

Hubert J. Squires graduated from McGill University with a B.Sc. in

1950 and an M.Sc. in 1956. In 1963 he obtained a Ph.D. in marine

biology from the University of Durham (Newcastle upon Tyne).

Dr. Squires was employed with the Fisheries Research Board of

Canada from 1946 to 1968, working primarily on shrimps, squids

and lobsters. In 1968 he joined the Food and Agriculture Organiza-

tion of the United Nations as a shrimp biologist with the Maritime

Fisheries Development Project in Colombia, and was director of

the project from 1968 to 1972. He is now employed by the Canadian

International Development Agency as director of fisheries in Fiji.

His main interests include shrimp fisheries, shrimp systematics,

and the spawning potential of decapod Crustacea. His published

work has been primarily on squids, oysters, shrimps, and lobsters.

Summary

This paper deals with the caridean and thalassinidean decapods

obtained by the National Museum of Canada Marine Biological

Expedition in 1961 to the coastal waters of southeastern Alaska and

Prince William Sound. A total of 40 species (21 hippolytids, eight

pandalids, 10 crangonids and one callianassid) were collected. Five

of the hippolytids exhibit new range extensions. Some remarks on

the biology and the ecology of several of the species are included.

Résumé

Les crustacés décapodes (crevettes et thalassinidés) qui font

objet du présent travail ont été recueillis en 1961 dans les eaux

cétieres du sud-est de |’Alaska et du détroit du Prince William par

une mission de biologie marine du Musée national du Canada. La

collection comprend 40 espéces (21 hippolytidés, huit pandalidés,

10 crangonidés et un callianassidé); l'examen des spécimens a

permis d’élargir la répartition zoogéographique de cing des hippo-

lytidés. L’ouvrage porte aussi sur la biologie et sur l’écologie de

plusieurs des espéces.

Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Dr. E. L. Bousfield, National Museum of

Natural Sciences, Ottawa, for the provision of field notes and

specimens used in the preparation of this paper; Dr. L. B. Holthuis,

Rijksmuseum van Natuurlijke Historie, Leiden, Holland, for review-

ing the final draft; Dr. R. B. Manning, National Museum of Natural

History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., for the loan of

specimens of Crangon septemspinosa from Alaska and Chesapeake

Bay; Mr. L. Riche, Resource Development Branch, Department of

Fisheries, St. John’s, Newfoundland, for specimens of Crangon sep-

temspinosa from White Bear Bay, Newfoundland; Mr. G. E. Tucker,

Biological Station, St. John’s, Newfoundland, for measuring some

of the specimens and examining the state of maturation of their

gonads.

Preface

The Marine Biological Expedition of the National Museum of Canada

to southeastern Alaska and Prince William Sound in 1961 was con-

cerned primarily with the collection of fishes and amphipod crusta-

ceans. In addition, a fairly extensive series of decapod crustaceans,

mostly from the intertidal zone, but also from depths as great as

66 fathoms, were obtained. An account of the brachyurans and crab-

like anomurans has been published by Hart (1968). The present

study treats carideans and thalassinideans.

The station data of this expedition are given by Bousfield and

McAllister (1962); the field-station numbers are utilized herein. The

length of the carapace (abbreviated in this paper as c.I.), measured

dorsally from the hind margin of the orbits in the carideans and from

the distal end of the rostrum in the specimens of Upogebia, is used

as the standard measurement in this study; the sex of the carideans

was determined by examination of the gonads or the endopod of

the first and second pleopods, and the sex of the specimens of

Upogebia was determined by the presence or absence of the first

pair of pleopods. The state of maturation of the ovaries and the

size of the ova were also examined in a number of specimens of

several species.

The synonymies given in this paper are restricted to Rathbun’s

1904 monograph, which, despite its shortcomings, is still the fun-

damental work for the study of the decapods of the region under

consideration, and to one or two fundamental publications on each

family.

H. J. Squires wrote a preliminary draft on the major part of the

collection, prepared the drawings for Crangon alaskensis and C.

septemspinosa, examined the gonads, and measured the eggs;

Armando J. G. Figueira completed the identification of part of the

collection and prepared the final draft.

All specimens are deposited at the National Museum of Natural

Sciences, National Museums of Canada, Ottawa.

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Systematic Treatment

Suborder Natantia

Family Hippolytidae

Eualus avinus (Rathbun 1899)

Eualus avinus: Holthuis 1947, p. 10.

Spirontocaris avina: Rathbun 1904, p. 103,

fig. 47.

Description

One female (with a few eyed eggs adhering

to the pleopods), c.|. 6.9 mm; Sta. A-143. Tip

of right antennal scale and tip of telson

broken off, pereiopods lacking.

Remarks

This is apparently the northernmost record of

E. avinus for the Gulf of Alaska.

Eualus fabricii (Kroyer 1841)

Eualus fabricii: Holthuis 1947, p. 10.

Spirontocaris fabricii: Rathbun 1904, p. 85.

Description

One female, c.!. 6.0 mm; Sta. A-100.

One female, c.l. 5.7 mm; Sta. A-119.

Remarks

The female from Sta. A-100 contained small

ova.

Eualus gaimardii (H. Milne-Edwards 1837)

Eualus gaimardii: Holthuis 1947, p. 10.

Description

One male, c.!. 4.0 mm; Sta. A-45.

Eualus pusiolus (Kr@yer 1841)

Eualus pusiolus: Holthuis 1947, p. 11.

Spirontocaris pusiola: Rathbun 1904, p. 99.

Description

One female, c.!. 3.0 mm; Sta. A-45.

One male, c.l. 3.0 mm; Sta. A-81.

Remarks

The female contained small ova.

(?) Eualus suckleyi (Stimpson 1864)

Description

One female, c.l. 8.2 mm; Sta. A-84. Tip of

rostrum broken off, otherwise in good condi-

tion. Parasitic isopod on ventral side of ab-

domen.

Three males, c.l. 6.5-11.1 mm, 11 females,

c.l. 7.8-14.6 mm; Sta. A-119. Four of the spec-

imens in poor condition. Parasitic isopod

under the right side of carapace of two of the

females (c.l. 7.8 and 10.2 mm).

Two males, c.l. 8.0 and 9.7 mm; Sta. A-143.

Remarks

The rostrum of these specimens extends well

beyond the tip of the antennal scale; rudi-

mentary epipods are present on the second

pereiopods of almost all specimens; and the

dactylus of the fifth pereiopods attain, or even

extend beyond, the tip of the antennal scale.

Eualus townsendi (Rathbun 1902)

Eualus townsendi: Holthuis 1947, p. 11.

Spirontocaris townsendi: Rathbun 1904, p.

8/7, Tig. .37.

Description

One male, c.l. 4.2 mm; Sta. A-144. Tip of

rostrum and antennal flagella are broken off.

Remarks

The present specimen is tentatively referred

to E. townsendi. The rostrum and the antennal

scale, however, are appreciably longer than

the carapace, and the fifth pereiopods extend

beyond the third maxillipeds by about the

length of the dactylus. .

Heptacarpus brevirostris (Dana 1852)

Heptacarpus brevirostris: Holthuis 1947, p. 12.

Spirontocaris brevirostris: Rathbun 1904, p.

99.

Description

Three hundred fifty-eight specimens, males

(c.l. 2.0-11.0 mm), females (c.!. 2.5-10.0 mm),

juveniles (c.l. 1.5-3.0 mm), post-larvae (c.l.

1.0-2.5 mm), and larvae (c.l. 1.0-1.5 mm);

Sta. A-3, A-13, A-18, A-22, A-23, A-32, A-48,

A-54, A-67, A-71, A-75, A-80, A-83, A-84, A-87,

A-91, A-92, A-93, A-115, A-129, A-131, A-136,

A-139, A-147, A-151, A-153, A-164, A-168,

A-174, and A-175; nine other young speci-

mens (mostly in quite poor condition) from

Sta. A-54, A-57, and A-75 are also tentatively

referred to H. brevirostris.

Remarks

Sta. A-131 and A-151 yielded the greatest

quantity of specimens, with 68 and 61 respec-

tively. Some of the females bore eyed eggs,

whose diameter was 0.5-0.6 mm (usually 0.6

i

Systematic Treatment

mm); the diameter of the non-eyed eggs was

0.4-0.6 mm (usually 0.5 mm). The gonads

were examined in 28 ovigerous and 28 non-

ovigerous females. Of the ovigerous females,

16 had large ova and 12 had small ova; of the

non-ovigerous females, four had large ova

and 24 had small ova.

Heptacarpus camtschaticus (Stimpson 1860)

Heptacarpus camtschaticus: Holthuis 1947,

prt:

Spirontocaris camtschatica: Rathbun 1904,

p. 94, fig. 42.

Description

Seventy-five specimens (14 males, c.]. 5.0—5.5

mm, 41 females, c.!. 2.5-8.0 mm, and 20 juve-

niles, c.l. 2.0-3.0 mm); Sta. A-32, A-86, A-87,

A-92, A-100, and A-174.

Remarks

Only one of the females (c.I. 8.0 mm) was

ovigerous, the diameter of the eggs being

0.6 mm. None of the females contained large

ova.

Heptacarpus carinatus Holmes 1900

Heptacarpus carinatus: Holtuis 1947, p. 12.

Spirontocaris carinata: Rathbun 1904, p. 84.

Description

Four males, c.l. 4.4-6.0 mm, 21 females (3

ovigerous, one with eyed eggs), c.l. 5.0—10.0

mm; Sta. A-3, A-22, A-57, and A-175.

Remarks

Five of the specimens (from Sta. A-22) are

tentatively identified. Two have the rostrum

broken off, but the rostrum of the other three

specimens bears three spines on the dorsal

margin and only one or two on the ventral

margin, excluding the one near the tip. The

telson bears only two or three pairs of lateral

spines. The antennal scale is appreciably

shorter than the carapace, and the last three

pairs of pereiopods are shorter than in typical

H. carinatus, the merus of the third pereiopod

possessing only one spine at the postero-

inferior margin.

The diameter of the eyed eggs is 0.8 mm,

and that of the non-eyed eggs is 0.6-0.7 mm.

None of the females contained large ova.

These are apparently the northernmost

records for H. carinatus.

12

Heptacarpus decorus (Rathbun 1902)

Heptacarpus decorus: Holthuis 1947, p. 12.

Spirontocaris decora: Rathbun 1904, p. 79,

fig. 33.

Description

One ovigerous female (with eyed eggs), c.l.

7.1 mm;-Sta. A-144. Fourth right pereiopod

broken off, otherwise in fair condition.

Remarks

The present specimen agrees with Rathbun’s

1904 description and figure, except that the

most distal spine on the dorsal border of the

rostrum is situated just in front of the middle

of the dorsal border.

This is apparently the northernmost record

for H. decorus.

Heptacarpus paludicola Holmes 1900

Heptacarpus paludicola: Holthuis 1947, p. 12.

Spirontocaris paludicola: Rathbun 1904, p.

101.

Description

One female, c.l. 3.6 mm; Sta. A-18. Third and

fourth pereiopods of the left side broken off,

otherwise in good condition. Parasitic isopod

on anterior part of ventral side of abdomen.

Remarks

The present specimen agrees more or less

with the descriptions of H. paludicola given

by Holmes (1900) and Schmitt (1921). The

rostrum is, however, a little longer than the

Carapace, and is apparently more slender

than in the figure given by Holmes and repro-

duced by Schmitt. The antennal peduncle

almost reaches the middle of the antennal

scale; the second pereiopods extend beyond

the end of the latter; and the telson (excluding

the distal spines) is about as long as the an-

tennal scale.

This is apparently the northernmost record

for H. paludicola.

Heptacarpus pictus (Stimpson 1871)

Heptacarpus pictus: Holthuis 1947, p. 13.

Spirontocaris picta: Rathbun 1904, p. 101.

Description

Ten females (8 ovigerous, of which 6 had

eyed eggs), c.l. 3.5-5.0 mm; Sta. A-86.

Systematic Treatment

Remarks

Seven of the ovigerous females contained

large ova, and all the other females contained

small ova. The diameter of the eyed eggs

was 0.6 mm, and that of the non-eyed eggs

was 0.5 mm.

This is apparently the northernmost record

for H. pictus.

Heptacarpus sitchensis (Brandt 1851)

Heptacarpus sitchensis: Holthuis 1947, p. 13.

Spirontocaris sitchensis: Rathbun 1904, p.

102.

Description

Ninety males, c.l. 1.5-3.2 mm, 153 females

c.l. 2.5-5.5 mm; Sta. A-3, A-7, A-18, A-19,

A-22, A-23, A-27, A-67, A-79, A-86, A-87, A-91,

A-92, A-96, A-98, A-99, A-114, A-115, A-131,

A-136, A-139, A-146, A-168, and A-174.

Remarks

Sta. A-86 and A-87 yielded the greatest quan-

tity of specimens, 59 and 51 respectively.

Eighty-four of the females were ovigerous,

some bearing eyed eggs. One of the males,

c.l. 3.2 mm, from Sta. A-27 (bearing a para-

sitic isopod on the ventral side of the abdo-

men) is tentatively referred to H. sitchensis.

Although it possesses the thickened part of

the outer antennular flagellum, extending

beyond the tip of the antennal scale, it cannot

be referred to H. moseri (the only other spe-

cies of Heptacarpus recorded from Alaskan

waters lacking an epipodite on the four pos-

terior pairs of pereiopods) because of its

shorter fifth pereiopods, which only attain the

distal third of the antennal scale. In H. moseri

the fifth pereiopods are stated to reach, or

even extend beyond, the tip of the antennal

scale.

The ovaries of 62 ovigerous and 62 non-

ovigerous females were examined. Thirty-

nine ovigerous and 10 non-ovigerous females

had large ova, and all remaining females had

small ova. The diameter of the eyed eggs was

0.5-—0.6 mm (usually 0.6 mm), and that of the

non-eyed eggs was 0.4—-0.6 mm (usually 0.5

mm).

Heptacarpus stimpsoni Holthuis 1947

Heptacarpus stimpsoni: Holthuis 1947, p. 13.

Spirontocaris cristata: Rathbun 1904, p. 102.

Description

Four males, c.l. 2.2-2.8 mm; Sta. A-86.

Heptacarpus stylus (Stimpson 1864)

Heptacarpus stylus: Holthuis 1947, p. 13.

Spirontocaris stylus: Rathbun 1904, p. 84,

fig. 36.

Description

Two females, c.l. ca. 7.5 and ca. 8.0 mm; Sta.

A-3. Poor condition.

One female, c.l. 7.2 mm; Sta. A-19.

Forty-one juveniles, c.l. 3.0-4.0 mm; Sta.

A-164 and A-168.

Remarks

These are apparently the northernmost rec-

ords for H. stylus.

Heptacarpus tridens (Rathbun 1902)

Heptacarpus tridens: Holthuis 1947, p. 13.

Spirontocaris tridens: Rathbun 1904, p. 81,

fig. 34.

Description

One male, c.l. 6.1 mm; Sta. A-144. Poor con-

dition.

Two females, c.l. 8.0-9.0 mm; Sta. A-173 and

A-174.

Remarks

The two females had immature gonads.

Heptacarpus sp.

Description

Six males, c.l. 1.9-2.4 mm; Sta. A-23. Three

of the specimens in poor condition.

Two females, c.]. 2.5-2.6 mm; Sta. A-27.

Remarks

The specimens under consideration bear

epipods on the third maxillipeds and first pair

of pereiopods only; the thicker part of their

antennular flagellum extends beyond the tip

of the antennal scale; the third pereiopods

extend beyond the tip of the antennal scale

by approximately half to two-thirds of the

propodus; the fourth pereiopods extend be-

yond the tip of the antennal scale by approxi-

mately one-third of the propodus; and the

fifth pereiopods attain, or extend a little be-

13

Systematic Treatment

yond, the tip of the antennal scale; the ros-

trum (which is as long as the carapace) is

armed with six to seven teeth dorsally and

two to three teeth ventrally, and the carapace

bears no pterygostomian spine.

The present specimens, by having epipo-

dites on the third maxillipeds and first perei-

opods only, are very close to Heptacarpus

sitchensis and H. moseri; they differ, how-

ever, from these two species by the absence

of a pterygostomian spine. They also differ

from H. sitchensis by having the third to fifth

pereiopods much longer, and from H. moseri

by the shape of the rostrum, which in the

present specimens does not possess a broad

lower limb, as described and illustrated by

Rathbun (1904) for H. moseri. .

Spirontocaris phippsii (Krayer 1841)

Spirontocaris phippsii: Rathbun 1904, p. 70;

Holthuis 1947, p. 8.

Description

One male, 2 females, c.l. ca. 4.0 mm; Sta.

A-45 and A-116.

Spirontocaris ochotensis (Brandt 1851)

Spirontocaris ochotensis: Rathbun 1904, p.

71, fig. 26; Holthuis 1947, p. 8.

Description

One male, c.!. 4.0 mm, 4 females, c.l. 2.0—7.0

mm, 4 post-larvae, c.l. 1.5-2.0 mm; Sta. A-86,

A-87, A-92, and A-151.

Lebbeus groenlandicus (Fabricius 1775)

Lebbeus groenlandicus: Holthuis 1947, p. 9.

Spirontocaris groenlandicus: Rathbun 1904,

p. Gl:

Description

Two post-larvae, c.l. 2.0 mm; Sta. A-32.

One male, c.|. 7.0 mm, one female, c.!. 9.3 mm;

Sta. A-119. Parasitic isopod on ventral side

of abdomen of female.

Four males, c.l. 9.1-10.5 mm, 4 females c.I.

14.5-16.0 mm; Sta. A-144. Parasitic isopod on

ventral side of abdomen of one of the females

(c.l. 15.0 mm).

Hippolyte clarki Chace 1951

Hippolyte clarki: Chace 1951, p. 37, fig. 1 (f-p).

Description

Six post-larvae, c.l. ca. 2.0 mm; Sta. A-32.

Four males, c.!. 2.0-2.5 mm, 42 females, c.l.

14

2.5-5.5 mm; Sta. A-3, A-8, A-32, A-87, A-174,

and A-175.

Remarks

The ovaries of 21 ovigerous and 17 non-ovig-

erous females were examined. Three of the

former and 10 of the latter had large ova, and

the remaining females had small ova.

The diameter of the eyed eggs was 0.4-0.5

mm, and that of the non-eyed eggs was 0.3-

0.5 mm (usually 0.4 mm).

Family Pandalidae

Pandalopsis dispar Rathbun 1902

Pandalopsis dispar: Rathbun 1904, p. 54, pl. 1,

fig. 2; de Man 1920, p. 105.

Description

Eight males, c.I. 21.0—24.0 mm, 6 transitionals,

c.|. 24.1-29.1 mm, 2 females, c.l. 28.8 and 30.6

mm; Sta. A-13.

One male, c.l. 24.9 mm, 2 transitionals, c.l.

31.0 and 33.4 mm, 4 females, c.l. 33.9-37.0

mm; Sta. A-143.

Pandalus borealis Kroyer 1838

Pandalus borealis: Rathbun 1904, p. 35; de

Man 1920, p. 103.

Description

Two males, c.l. 10.2 and 11.5 mm, 2 transi-

tionals, c.l. 16.2 and 17.5 mm, 2 females, c.I.

16.9 and 18.5 mm; Sta. A-13.

One female, c.l. 20.0 mm; Sta. A-40.

Two males, c.l. ca. 10.0 and ca. 12.0 mm;

Sta. A-50.

Five juveniles, c.|. 2.6-3.3 mm; Sta. A-72.

Seven males, c.!. 15.0 and 17.0 mm, 20 transi-

tionals, c.l. 16.0-21.1 mm, 35 females, c.l.

17.7-—22.3 mm; Sta. A-76.

Four males, c.l. 11.1-14.8 mm, 29 transition-

als, c.l. 17.0-20.5 mm, 14 females, c.l. 20.0—

23.3 mm; Sta. A-84.

Six males, c.]. 11.0-16.0 mm, one transitional,

c.l. 20.4 mm, 4 females, c.l. 20.5-—26.6 mm;

Sta. A-119.

One male, c.l. 16.1 mm, 2 transitionals, c.l.

19.4 and 20.8 mm, 7 females, c.l. 20.7—-ca. 22.5

mm; Sta. A-143.

Systematic Treatment

Pandalus danae Stimpson 1857

Pandalus danae: Rathbun 1904, p. 47, fig. 13;

de Man 1920, p. 103.

Description

One male, c.!. 9.5 mm; Sta. A-8.

One male, c.!. 9.7 mm; Sta. A-54.

Four males, c.!. 9.4-11.4 mm, 2 transitionals,

c.l. 12.9 and 14.8 mm, 3 juveniles, c.l. 4.8-5.0

mm; Sta. A-86.

Four males, c.|. 8.8-11.6 mm, se ale cil

ca. 3.2 mm; Sta. A-87.

Six males, c.|. 9.0-12.0 mm, 2 transitionals, c.l.

12.9 and 13.0 mm, one female, c.!. 12.2 mm;

Sta. A-92.

One male, c.!. 9.3 mm, 4 juveniles, c.l. 2.7-5.6

mm; Sta. A-131.

Three juveniles, c.]. 2.1-2.5 mm; Sta. A-151.

One female, c.!. 14.4 mm, 4 juveniles, c.l. 4.0—

6.1 mm; Sta. A-174.

One female, c.!. 15.3 mm; Sta. A-175.

Remarks

Not included above are two very damaged,

tentatively identified specimens (not sexed)

from a fish stomach, Sta. A-32, and two larvae

(also tentatively identified) from Sta. A-45.

Although the juvenile, c.l. 6.1 mm, from

Sta. A-174 possesses a small appendix mas-

culina about half the length of the appendix

interna, none of the other juveniles show any

trace of the appendix. The juvenile, c.l. 2.1

mm, from Sta. A-151 has a rudimentary ap-

pendix interna on the second pleopods.

Pandalus goniurus Stimpson 1860

Pandalus goniurus: Rathbun 1904, p. 38, pl. 1,

fig. 3; de Man 1920, p. 103.

Description

One male, c.I. 11.5 mm; Sta. A-52.

Three males, c.|. 11.2-12.8 mm, 2 transitionals,

c.|. 15.8 and 15.9 mm, 5 females, c.1. 15.0-19.0

mm; Sta. A-119.

Pandalus hypsinotus Brandt 1851

Pandalus hypsinotus: Rathbun 1904, p. 46,

pl. 2, fig. 5; de Man 1920, p. 103.

Description

One male, c.]. ca. 14.0 mm; Sta. A-40.

Three juveniles, c.l. 4.4-5.4 mm; Sta. A-54.

One juvenile, c.I. ca. 2.7 mm; Sta. A-56.

One female, c.I. 21.9 mm; Sta. A-76.

Five males, c.|. 17.1-19.7 mm, 2 transitionals,

c.l. 28.5 mm (both), 6 females, c.l. 21.7-29.8

mm; Sta. A-84.

Nineteen juveniles, c.l. 4.0-5.7 mm; Sta. A-86.

Twenty-five juveniles, c.l. 2.8-5.4 mm; Sta.

A-87.

Three juveniles, c.l. 3.6-3.8 mm; Sta. A-91.

Eight males, c.|. 12.8-16.2 mm; Sta. A-100.

One male, c.I. 16.9 mm; Sta. A-104.

Six males, c.l. 12.6-22.9 mm, 4 transitionals,

c.l. 24.3-28.0 mm, one female, c.l. 26.7 mm;

Sta. A-119.

Twenty-five juveniles, c.l. 3.2-6.0 mm; Sta.

A-131.

Seventeen juveniles, c.l.

A-136.

One juvenile, c.l. 4.2 mm; Sta. A-139.

Two males, c.l. 14.4 and 19.1 mm, 3 females,

c.l. 18.8-—27.5 mm; Sta. A-144.

One male, c.l. 18.2 mm; Sta. A-149.

Eight juveniles, c.l. ca. 4.5-ca. 5.5 mm; Sta.

A-151.

3.7-5.4 mm; Sta.

One transitional, c.l. 30.0 mm; Sta. A-167.

Two juveniles, c.I. 4.3 and 5.7 mm; Sta. A-174.

Remarks

Seven of the juveniles, c.l. respectively 5.2,

5.5 and 5.5 mm (Sta. A-86), 5.1 and 5.4 mm

(Sta. A-131), 5.4 mm (Sta. A-136), and 5.7 mm

(Sta. A-174), bear a very small, bud-like ap-

pendix masculina. All the other juveniles

show no trace of the appendix.

Pandalus montagui tridens Rathbun 1902

Pandalus montagui tridens: Rathbun 1904,

p. 41, pl. 2, fig. 2; de Man 1920, p. 104.

Description

One juvenile, c.!. 3.0 mm; Sta. A-153.

Pandalus platyceros Brandt 1851

Pandalus platyceros: Rathbun 1904, p. 44; de

Man 1920, p. 104.

Description

Ten juveniles, c.I. 3.0-4.8 mm; Sta. A-3.

Ten juveniles, c.l. 10.5-10.8 mm; Sta. A-33.

Two juveniles, c.I. 3.5 and 4.8 mm; Sta. A-71.

One juvenile, c.!. 3.0 mm; Sta. A-75.

Two juveniles, c.!. 2.6 and 7.0 mm; Sta. A-139.

Seven males, c.|. 16.3-26.7 mm; Sta. A-144.

One juvenile, c.]. 4.8 mm; Sta. A-151.

Remarks

Apart from these specimens, the collection

also contains 20 larvae and post-larvae (most

15

Plate 1

co

Bw

aaeee

Mi

PALUEAUALESSAECS

th (f

— | mm—

2mm

- g

right

h

Figure

a Antennal scale of Crangon septemspinosa S Antennal scale of Crangon alaskensis from

from White Bear Bay, Newfoundland southeastern Alaska and Prince William Sound

b Antennule of Crangon septemspinosa from f Antennule of Crangon alaskensis from

White Bear Bay, Newfoundland southeastern Alaska and Prince William Sound

c,d Mandibles of Crangon septemspinosa from g, h Mandibles of Crangon alaskensis from

White Bear Bay, Newfoundland

southeastern Alaska and Prince William Sound

16

Systematic Treatment

of them tentatively identified) from Sta. A-3

and A-32, two carapaces (ca. 17.0 and ca.

18.5 mm) from a fish stomach, Sta. A-100, and

some digested fragments, also from a fish

stomach, Sta. A-142.

The males from Sta. A-144 (except the

specimen c.|. 26.7 mm) bear very small to

small appendix masculina; the juveniles show

no trace of the appendix.

Pandalus stenolepis Rathbun 1902 _

Pandalus stenolepis: Rathbun 1904, p. 49, fig.

14, pl. 2, fig. 4; de Man 1920, p. 104.

Description

One male, c.l. 6.0 mm, 2 females, c.!. 9.0 mm

(both); Sta. A-45.

Family Crangonidae

Crangon (Crangon) alaskensis Lockington

1877

(See Plate 1, figs. e-h, p. 16; Figure 1, p. 18)

Crangon(Crangon) alaskensis: Zarenkov

1965, p. 1762.

Crangon alaskensis: Rathbun 1904, p. 114,

figs. 52, 53; de Man 1920, p. 249.

Description

Twelve males, c.|. 3.0-7.5 mm, 58 females, c.l.

3.0—12.0 mm, 100 larvae and post-larvae, c.l.

1.0-2.5 mm; Sta. A-12, A-13, A-18, A-30, A-34,

A-37, A-43, A-67, A-73, A-79, A-81, A-86, A-87,

A-93, A-96, A-109, A-113, and A-146.

Remarks

Although some of the specimens were first

identified as Crangon septemspinosa, it was

later concluded that they were all C. alasken-

sis. The faint dorsal carination of the fifth

abdominal segment of C. alaskensis is not

always clear; the stylocerite, however, seems

to be more pointed distally and the antennal

scale is relatively narrower in C. alaskensis

than in C. septemspinosa (see Plate 1, figs.

a, b, e, and f, p. 16). The inner cusps of the

mandibles of C. alaskensis seem to be the

same height as those of the mandibles of

C. septemspinosa (see Plate 1, figs. c, d, g,

and h, p. 16). It is curious, however, that in

specimens of C. septemspinosa from Chesa-

peake Bay the width-length ratio of the an-

tennal scale is closer to C. alaskensis than

to specimens of C. septemspinosa from New-

foundland (see Plate 1, figs. c, d, and g, h,

p. 16).

One of the authors, H. J. Squires, had the

opportunity of examining eight specimens of

Crangon from Alaska deposited at the Smith-

sonian Institution, Washington, and referred

by M. J. Rathbun (1904) to C. septemspinosa.

Three of the specimens appeared to be C.

alaskensis.

The ovaries of 22 ovigerous and 28 non-

ovigerous females were examined. One of the

former and five of the latter had large ova,

and the remaining females had small ova.

The diameter of the eyed eggs was 0.4-0.6

mm (usually 0.6 mm), and that of the non-eyed

eggs was 0.4—-0.5 mm (usually 0.4 mm).

Crangon (Crangon) stylirostris Holmes 1900

Crangon(Crangon) stylirostris: Zarenkov

1965, p. 1762.

Crangon stylirostris: Rathbun 1904, p. 118,

fig. 59; de Man 1920, p. 250.

Description

Two ovigerous females (one with eyed eggs),

c.l. 8.0 mm (both); Sta. A-40.

Remarks

The diameter of the eggs was 0.6 mm.

Crangon (Neocrangon) communis Rathbun

1899

Crangon (Neocrangon) communis: Zarenkov

1965, p. 1762.

Crangon communis: Rathbun 1904, p. 123,

fig. 64; de Man 1920, p. 250.

Description

Three females (largest one with eyed eggs),

c.!. 6.0-12.0 mm; Sta. A-40.

Two ovigerous females (smaller one with

eyed eggs), c.l. 10.0 and 10.3 mm; Sta. A-76.

Four females (largest one with eyed eggs),

c.l. 7.7-12.0 mm; Sta. A-119.

Three females (two largest ones ovigerous,

one of them with eyed eggs), c.l. 12.0-14.3

mm; Sta. A-143.

Remarks

Both females from Sta. A-76, as well as the

non-ovigerous female from Sta. A-143, pos-

sess an abnormal, long, ascending rostrum

exceeding the eyes. According to Rathbun

(1904: 124), such a rostrum is not uncommon

in C. communis.

The ovaries of the females from Sta. A-40

were examined. The ovigerous female had

a7.

Systematic Treatment

W 50

= ¢

©O

wm 48 O Crangon septemspinosa (White Bear Bay, Nfld.,

4 12 specimens)

q 46 L] Crangon septemspinosa (Chesapeake Bay,

z U.S.A., 30 specimens)

= x Crangon alaskensis.(Alaska, 40 specimens)

~- 44

q

u 42

eo)

as

= 40

O

5 38

as

5 36

”

x 24

OG

> 32

—

z 30

uJ

O

ape

= =e a 3 6 7 8 9 10 i 12 13 14 1S

CARAPACE LENGTH (MM)

Figure 1

Comparative widths of antennal scales in Crangon

septemspinosa from White Bear Bay, Newfound-

land and from Chesapeake Bay, U.S.A., and in

C. alaskensis from Alaska.

small ova and the two non-ovigerous females

were immature.

The diameter of the eggs was 1.0 mm.

Crangon (Neocrangon) dalli Rathbun 1902

Crangon (Neocrangon) dalli: Zarenkov 1965,

b»1762, Tig. 4.

Crangon dalli: Rathbun 1904, p. 119, fig. 60;

de Man 1920, p. 250.

Description

One male, c.I. 7.0 mm; Sta. A-84.

One female, c.l. 14.7 mm; Sta. A-119.

One female, c.!. 10.0 mm; Sta. A-149.

18

Crangon (Neocrangon) franciscorum Stimp-

son 1856

Crangon (Neocrangon) franciscorum: Zaren-

kov 1965, p. 1762.

Crangon franciscorum: Rathbun 1904, p. 120,

fig. 61; de Man 1920, p. 250.

Description

Sixty-five specimens (of which only one was

an ovigerous female); Sta. A-11, A-12, A-34,

A-37, A-43, A-60, A-73, A-84, A-136, A-151,

and A-153.

Remarks

One of the specimens (from Sta. A-73) had

an abnormal frontal margin of the carapace

without trace of a rostrum, and an abnor-

mally small antennal scale. The chelae of the

first pereiopods of some of the specimens

Systematic Treatment

seemed quite similar to those of Rathbun’s

variety angustimana.

The single ovigerous female was obtained

at Sta. A-11.

Crangon (Neocrangon) nigricauda Stimpson

1856

Crangon (Neocrangon) nigricauda: Zarenkov

1965, p. 1762.

Crangon nigricauda: Rathbun 1904, p. 112,

fig. 50; de Man 1920, p. 250. .

Description

One female, c.|. 8.0mm; Sta. A-16.

One female, c.|. ca. 6.1 mm; Sta. A-18.

One juvenile, c.!. 3.0 mm; Sta. A-153.

Remarks

The female from Sta. A-16 contained large

ova.

Sclerocrangon boreas (Phipps 1774)

Sclerocrangon boreas: Rathbun 1904, p. 133;

de Man 1920, p. 251; Zarenkov 1965, p. 1766.

Description

Three males, c.l. 4.3-18.6 mm, 6 females, c.l.

5.0-25.7 mm; Sta. A-75, A-83, A-86, A-114,

and A-117.

Remarks

A female from Sta. A-114 (incidentally, the

only ovigerous female of S. boreas in the

present collection) bore an accessory spine

on the median dorsal spine of the carapace.

Argis dentata (Rathbun 1902)

Argis dentata: de Man 1920, p. 256.

Nectocrangon dentata: Rathbun 1904, p. 138,

figs. 76, 77; Zarenkov 1965, p. 1764.

Description

Seven males, c.l. 11.0-19.8 mm, 12 females,

c.l. 7.0—21.2 mm; Sta. A-40, A-76, A-84, A-114,

A-119, A-143, A-144, and A-149.

Argis levior (Rathbun 1902)

Argis levior: de Man 1920, p. 256.

Nectocrangon levior: Rathbun 1904, p. 143,

figs. 86, 87; Zarenkov 1965, p. 1764.

Description

Four females, c.|. 9.0-11.0 mm; Sta. A-21.

Remarks

One of the specimens (c.]. 9.0 mm) contained

small ova, and the remaining specimens con-

tained large ova.

Paracrangon echinata Dana 1 852

Paracrangon echinata: Rathbun 1904, p. 143;

de Man 1920, p. 257.

Description

One female, c.I. 13.0 mm; Sta. A-165.

One female, c.I. 13.5 mm; Sta. A-169.

Remarks

Both specimens contained large ova.

Suborder Reptantia

Family Callianassidae

Upogebia pugettensis (Dana 1852)

Upogebia pugettensis: Rathbun 1904, p. 153;

de Man 1928, p. 23, p. 40.

Description

Three males, c.l. 14.1-21.5 mm; Sta. A-27.

Poor condition.

Seven males, c.l. 7.0-—ca. 23.0 mm, 4 females

(of which one had eyed eggs), c.I. ca. 16.0-

ca. 24.0 mm; Sta. A-97. Poor condition.

Remarks

The ovigerous female and one of the non-

ovigerous females contained large ova, and

the remaining non-ovigerous females con-

tained small ova.

19

Conclusion

Three of the species obtained by the expedi-

tion (Eualus gaimardii, Spirontocaris phippsil,

and Pandalus stenolepis) were extracted from

fish stomachs. From the field data available

to the authors, the vertical distribution of the

remaining 37 species can be summarized as

follows:

a) Species found exclusively in the intertidal

zone: Eualus pusiolus, Heptacarpus camt-

schaticus, H. carinatus, H. paludicola, H.

pictus, H. sitchensis, H. stimpsoni, H. sty-

lus, Heptacarpus sp., Spirontocaris ocho-

tensis, Hippolyte clarki, Pandalus danae,

P. montagui tridens, Crangon nigricauda,

C. stylirostris, and Upogebia pugettensis;

b) Species obtained mostly in the intertidal

zone, with only a few specimens from

deeper stations (11-35 fathoms): Hepta-

carpus brevirostris, Crangon alaskensis,

and C. franciscorum;

Cc) Species obtained partly in the intertidal

zone, partly in very shallow water (3-5

fathoms): Sclerocrangon boreas;

d) Species obtained mostly from deep sta-

tions (25-66 fathoms) with only a few spec-

imens from just below the low-water mark:

Argis dentata;

Species obtained as post-larvae or juve-

niles in the intertidal zone, as adults only

from deeper stations (14-52 fathoms):

Lebbeus groenlandicus, Pandalus hypsi-

notus, and P. platyceros;

f) Species obtained partly intertidally, partly

in deeper water (15-52 fathoms): Hepta-

carpus tridens;

g) Species obtained exclusively at the deeper

stations (20-66 fathoms): Eualus avinus,

E. fabricii, (?) E. suckleyi, E. townsendi,

Heptacarpus decorus, Pandalopsis dispar,

Pandalus borealis, P. goniurus, Crangon

communis, C. dalli, Argis levior, and Para-

crangon echinata.

As it was pointed out in the section entitled

Systematic Treatment, many of the ovigerous

females of Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. pic-

tus and H. sitchensis, a few of the ovigerous

females of Hippolyte clarki, and one of the

ovigerous females of both Crangon alasken-

sis and Upogebia pugettensis contained large

ova in the ovaries. This seems to indicate

that at least the first three species mentioned

normally extrude more than one batch of eggs

during the summer. This appears to be typical

of littoral species of decapods from other

north-temperate areas (Squires 1965).

=

20

One conspicuous feature is the complete

absence of ovigerous females among the

pandalids collected. Too few specimens of

the latter were obtained, so that any sound

conclusions about their biology are impos-

sible. The number of males, females and

transitionals of Pandalopsis dispar, Pandalus

borealis, P. danae, and P. hypsinotus, the

range of their carapace length, and the ab-

sence of ovigerous females at the time they

were collected (first week of June to the last

week of July) suggest, however, that the biol-

ogy of the populations of these four species

in the area where they were collected is simi-

lar to that of the populations living in the Strait

of Georgia, as described by Butler (1964).

Appendix

List of Species per Station

Sta.

A-3

tT

a |

1 i]

—_— +

>> bb LPSY>Y

®DOnmmryhy +

RAAB db ®&

eo i

NO® PM

SUNN hoGdaagaasr

awn—_-NO

ESP aS SP PS Pe ee ae PS ee fe ee eee

©

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. carinatus, H. sitchensis,

H. stylus, Hippolyte clarki, Pandalus platyceros

Heptacarpus sitchensis

Hippolyte clarki, Pandalus danae

Crangon franciscorum

Crangon alaskensis, C. franciscorum

Heptacarpus brevirostris, Pandalopsis dispar, Pandalus

borealis, Crangon alaskensis

Crangon nigricauda

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. paludicola, H. sitchensis,

Crangon alaskensis, C. nigricauda

Heptacarpus sitchensis, H. stylus

Argis levior

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. carinatus, H. sitchensis

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis, Heptacarpus sp.

Heptacarpus sitchensis, Heptacarpus sp., Upogebia pugettensis

Crangon alaskensis

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. camtschaticus, Lebbeus

groenlandicus, Hippolyte clarki, Pandalus platyceros

Pandalus platyceros

Crangon alaskensis, C. franciscorum

Heptacarpus brevirostris, Crangon alaskensis, C. franciscorum

Pandalus hypsinotus, Crangon communis, Argis dentata

Crangon alaskensis, C. franciscorum

Eualus gaimardii, Eualus pusiolus, Spirontocaris phippsii,

Pandalus stenolepis

Heptacarpus brevirostris

Pandalus goniurus

Heptacarpus brevirostris, Pandalus danae, P. hypsinotus

Pandalus hypsinotus

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. carinatus

Crangon franciscorum

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis, Crangon alaskensis

Heptacarpus brevirostris, Pandalus platyceros

Pandalus borealis

Crangon alaskensis, C. franciscorum

Heptacarpus brevirostris, Pandalus platyceros, Sclerocrangon

boreas

Pandalus borealis, P. hypsinotus, Crangon communis, Argis

dentata

Heptacarpus sitchensis, Crangon alaskensis

Heptacarpus brevirostris

Eualus pusiolus, Heptacarpus brevirostris, Crangon alaskensis

Heptacarpus brevirostris, Sclerocrangon boreas

(?) Eualus suckleyi, Heptacarpus brevirostris, Pandalus borealis,

Crangon dalli, C. franciscorum, Argis dentata

Heptacarpus camtschaticus, H. pictus, H. sitchensis,

H. stimpsoni, Spirontocaris ochotensis, Pandalus danae,

P. hypsinotus, Crangon alaskensis, Sclerocrangon boreas

Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. camtschaticus, H. sitchensis,

Spirontocaris ochotensis, Hippolyte clarki, Pandalus danae,

P. hypsinotus, Crangon alaskensis

Heptacarpus sitchensis

21

Appendix

Sta. A-91 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis, Pandalus hypsinotus

Sta. A-92 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. camtschaticus, H. sitchensis,

Spirontocaris ochotensis, Pandalus danae

Sta. A-93 Heptacarpus brevirostris, Crangon alaskensis

Sta. A-96 Heptacarpus sitchensis, Crangon alaskensis

Sta. A-97 Upogebia pugettensis

Sta. A-98 Heptacarpus sitchensis

Sta. A-99 Heptacarpus sitchensis

Sta. A-100 Eualus fabricii, Heptacarpus camtschaticus, Pandalus

hypsinotus, P. platyceros

Sta. A-104 Pandalus hypsinotus

Sta. A-109 Crangon alaskensis

Sta. A-113 Crangon alaskensis

Sta. A-114 Heptacarpus sitchensis, Sclerocrangon boreas, Argis dentata

Sta. A-115 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis

Sta. A-116 Spirontocaris phippsii

Sta. A-117 Sclerocrangon boreas

Sta. A-119 Eualus fabricii, (?) E. suckleyi, Lebbeus groenlandicus,

Pandalus borealis, P. goniurus, P. hypsinotus, Crangon

communis, C. dalli, Argis dentata

Sta. A-129 Heptacarpus brevirostris

Sta. A-131 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis, Pandalus danae,

P. hypsinotus

Sta. A-136 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis, Pandalus hypsinotus,

Crangon franciscorum

Sta. A-139 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis, Pandalus hypsinotus,

P. platyceros

Sta. A-140 Crangon stylirostris

Sta. A-142 Pandalus platyceros

Sta. A-143 Eualus avinus, (?) E. suckleyi, Pandalopsis dispar,

Pandalus borealis, Crangon communis, Argis dentata

Sta. A-144 Eualus townsendi, Heptacarpus decorus, H. tridens, Lebbeus

groenlandicus, Pandalus hypsinotus, F. platyceros, Argis dentata

Sta. A-146 Heptacarpus sitchensis, Crangon alaskensis

Sta. A-147 Heptacarpus brevirostris

Sta. A-149 Pandalus hypsinotus, Crangon dalli, Argis dentata

Sta. A-151 Heptacarpus brevirostris, Spirontocaris ochotensis, Pandalus

danae, P. hypsinotus, P. platyceros, Crangon franciscorum

Sta. A-153 Heptacarpus brevirostris, Pandalus montagui tridens,

Crangon franciscorum, C. nigricauda

Sta. A-164 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. stylus

Sta. A-165 Paracrangon echinata

Sta. A-167 Pandalus hypsinotus

Sta. A-168 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. sitchensis, H. stylus

Sta. A-169 Paracrangon echinata

Sta. A-173 Heptacarpus tridens

Sta. A-174 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. camtschaticus, H. sitchensis,

H. tridens, Hippolyte clarki, Pandalus danae, P. hypsinotus

Sta. A-175 Heptacarpus brevirostris, H. carinatus, Hippolyte clarki,

Pandalus danae

ae

References Cited

Bousfield, E. L., and D. E. McAllister

(1962). Station list of the National Museum Marine

Biological Expedition to Southeastern Alaska and

Prince William Sound. Nat. Mus. Can. Bull. 183:

76-103.

Butler, T. H.

(1964). Growth, reproduction, and distribution of

pandalid shrimps in British Columbia. J. Fish. Res.

Board Can. 21(6): 1403-52.

Chace, F. A.

(1951). The grass shrimps of the genus Hippolyte

from the west coast of North America. J. Wash.

Acad. Sci. 41: 35-39.

Hart, J. F. L.

(1968). Crab-like Anomura and Brachyura (Crus-

tacea: Decapoda) from southeastern Alaska and

Prince William Sound. Nat. Mus. Can. Natur. Hist.

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Holmes, S. J.

(1900). Synopsis of California stalk-eyed Crustacea.

Occas. Pap. Calif. Acad. Sci. 7: 1-262, pls. 1-4.

Holthuis, L. B.

(1947). The Decapoda of the Siboga expedition.

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collected by the Siboga and Snellius expeditions

with remarks on other species. Siboga Exped., Livr.

140 (monogr. XXXIX a8): I-IV + 1-100.

Man, J. G. de

(1920). The Decapoda of the Siboga expedition.

Part IV: Families Pasiphaeidae, Stylodactylidae,

Hoplophoridae, Nematocarcinidae, Thalassocari-

dae, Pandalidae, Psalidopodidae, Gnathophyllidae,

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Rathbun, M. J.

(1904). Decapod crustaceans from the northwest

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(1921). The marine decapod Crustacea of Califor-

nia with special reference to the decapod Crus-

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the biological survey of San Francisco Bay during

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1-470, pls. 1-50.

Squires, H. J.

(1965). Decapod crustaceans of Newfoundland,

Labrador and Canadian eastern Arctic. Fish. Res.

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mary in English].

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