gaa i

Mer Seas

URAL ei

5. EMPIDIDAE:

A.-HYBOTINAE, OCYDROMIINAE, CLINOCERINAE

AND HEMERODROMIINAE

By C. GARRETT JONES

THE materialofthe Ruwenzori Expedition, belonging to the four sub-families

dealt with here, comprises 42 species of which 39 are new, ascribed to 15 genera

of which 4 are new. Thus it far exceeds, in variety, the extremely scanty

material in these groups hitherto described from the whole of the Ethiopian

Region. That material (excluding Cephalodromia curvata Becker, for note on

which see p. 323) amounted to no more than 15 species ascribed to 10 genera.

Together with the forms described in the present paper, the Ethiopian fauna

classified in Hybotinae, Ocydromiinae Clinocerinae and Hemerodronuinae, now

comprises 54 species ascribed to 16 genera, as under; in the following list,

species and genera apparently unrepresented in the collection of the Ruwenzori

Expedition are placed in square brackets:

HY BOTINAE

Hybos Meigen

kenyensis sp. n. Aberdares.

Syneches Walker

felevatus Bezzi, 1908, Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg., 52: 380 Congo}.

mars sp. N. Ruwenzori.

{natalensis Bigot, 1889, Ann. Soc. Ent. France (6), 9: 126 — S. Africa].

{nebulosus Loew, 1857, Oefv. Vet. Akad. FGrh., 14: 360 S. Africa].

neptunus sp. Nn. Uganda.

primissima sp. n. Uganda.

quadvaginta sp. n.

Syndyas Loew

cvisis sp. 0.

minoy sp. n.

[nitida Loew, 1857, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Férh., 14: 369

[opaca Loew, 1857, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Foérh., 14: 369.

pictipennis sp. Nn.

solus sp. 0.

|Acarterus Loew|

[unicoloy Loew, 1858, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Férh., 15° 340

II, 5 (a)

Ruwenzori.

Uganda.

Ruwenzori.

Caffraria, Cape; Seychelles}.

Caffraria, Cape}.

Uganda.

Ruwenzori.

Cape}.

258 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

i Sabinios gen. n.

jovis sp. n. Mt. Sabinio, Uganda.

OCYDROMIINAE

Ocydromia Meigen

hirvsutipes Becker, t9t4, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 123 Mt. Kenya; Ruwenzori.

Lamachella Melander

namwamba sp. n. Ruwenzori.

{univittata Melander, 1927, Gen. Ins. 185: 72 Cameroons].

Stenoproctus Loew

MaxtMUS Sp. N. Ruwenzori.

securus sp. Nn. Uganda.

sevus sp. n. Ruwenzori.

sylvaticus Becker, 1914, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 123 Mt. Kenya; Uganda.

[unipunctatus Loew, 1858, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Férh., 15: 340 Cape}.

CLINOCERINAE

Rubistella gen. n.

mitis sp. Nn. Uganda; Kenya.

Dolichocephala Macquart

afjlicta sp. n. Ruwenzori.

[combinata Becker, 1914, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 122 Haugsburg, E. Africa].

fuscilanx sp. Nn. Ruwenzori; Aberdares.

humanitatis sp. 0. Ixenya.

maculatissima sp. n. Ikenya.

vayinota sp. Nn. Ruwenzori.

[sparsa Becker, 1914, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 122 E. Africa).

Fur gen. n.

fugitivus sp. n. Ruwenzori.

Obstinocephala gen. n.

tali sp. Nn. Ruwenzori.

Clinocera Meigen, sens. lat.

{aquatica Becker, 1914, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 122 Mt. Kenya].

chaniae sp. n. Aberdares.

thompsoni sp. n. Aberdares.

Wiedemannia Zetterstedt, sens. lat.

veducta sp. 0. Ruwenzori.

submarina sp. n. Ruwenzori,

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 259

HEMERODROMIINAE

Drymodronua Becker

gahinga sp. n. Kigezi, Uganda.

[yeanneli Becker, 1914, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 121 Mt. Kenya].

plurabella sp. n. Ruwenzori,

seticosta sp. Nn. Aberdares.

Hemerodromia Meigen, sens. strict.

duce sp. n. Ruwenzori.

gonatopus Speiser, 1907, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., 52: 145 IKxarasangivo, Tanganyika;

Ruwenzori.

goya sp. n. Ruwenzori; Kenya.

icenae sp. Nn. Ruwenzori.

mata sp. Nn. Aberdares; Mt. Itlgon.

portia sp. n. Ruwenzori.

vesurvecta sp. Nn. Ruwenzori.

susanna sp. 0. 3udongo Forest, Uganda.

tavda sp. n. Aberdares.

ultima sp. n. Mbarara, Uganda.

ursula sp. n. Mt. Elgon.

The classification here followed is that of Melander in Genera Insectorum,

Fasc. 185. In describing wings in this paper the Comstock-Needham system

has been used, small letters referring to veins and capitals to the cells imme-

diately behind those veins. The word “pubescence” is used in the text to

denote the presence of hairs, as against “‘tomentum”’ for a close, short down, and

“pollen” for a covering with the appearance of dust. The word “‘terminalia”’

is used instead of “‘genitalia”’ or ““hypopygium”’ to denote the combined ninth

and tenth abdominal segments of the male.

Eight of the above-listed 16 genera are unknown outside Ethiopia, and of

the remaining eight only one, Hybos, is here introduced as new to the region.

Perhaps the most striking feature of this material is the success in East Africa

of Dolichocephala and Hemerodyomia sens. strict.

All the material here described and figured is in the British Museum

(Natural History) (Registration No. 1935-203). Except where otherwise

stated, the material was collected by Dr. F. W. Edwards.

HYBOTINAE

Hybos Meigen

Hybos Meigen, 1803, Illig. Mag. Ins. 2: 269. (Type: Musca grossipes Linnaeus (1767),

by designation of Curtis (1837, Brit. Ent.).)

260 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Hybos kenyensis sp. n.

(Figs. I and 5)

Thorax with long notal hairs; front and middle legs yellowish, hind femora

rather slender with ventral spines throughout; wing stigma strong, elongate.

3§. Head: Occiput black, tomentose and pubescent with erect fringe behind

eyes. Ocelli with a pair of fairly strong bristles. Eyes reddish, contiguous on

frons and apparently sub-contiguous on face (collapsed in type). Antennae

blackish, third segment as long as first two together, oval but somewhat tapering

and pointed at apex, tomentose; arista black, bare, about twice as long as the

three basal segments together. Palpi black, slender, scarcely projecting beyond

eyes; proboscis blackish brown, porrect, about as long as the three basal

segments of antennae together.

Thorax: Notum black, shining, but thinly pollinose and with long, blackish

hairs, not dense but evenly spaced and curved backward at tips. Humeri

and post-alar calli large, distinct, humeri with long, pale pubescence. Two

strong notopleural bristles present, a smaller one on post-alar calli, about two

pairs of pre-scutellar bristles some way before scutellum, longer than remaining

notal pubescence and terminating it; scutellum with a pair of very long marginal

bristles near apex, one pair of small hairs between these and three such on either

side of them. Pleurae blackish, pollinose.

Abdomen: Slender, down-curved, black, with long bristly yellow pubescence

on anterior segments; becoming thicker toward posterior margin, terminalia

large, globose, twisted nearly go° to the right, with short black pubescence;

the lateral lamellae shining black, pollinose, their margins having strong digital

but asymmetrical projections interlocking, the right lamella with a free ventral

projection, flattened and lying in horizontal plane, forming an irregular, blunt

hook. Anal lamellae erect, their pubescence bristly.

Legs: Front and middle legs mainly dull yellowish but their femora dark

brownish except near apex, and their tarsi blackish near claws. Front tibiae

(Ig. 1, a) with a small antero-ventral patch (pit) quite near the base, oval in

shape and having two minute, sharp teeth near its apex. Pubescence very long

on distal half of front tibiae and on front pro-tarsi, the former segment with

about three pre-apical bristles, the largest being posterior, and a very much

shorter, paler, sub-apical postero-ventral spinule; the tarsi with some smaller

dorsal bristles. Middle tibiae with three very strong dorsal bristles, two being

before the middle, and middle pro-tarsi with a very large postero-ventral bristle

near the base. Hind legs blackish, the coxae dark brown, tomentose with pale

pubescence, the femora shining black, tibiae brownish near base; femora thick-

est at third quarter with strong tuberculate ventral spines throughout its length,

the longest being about equal to greatest thickness of segment, dorsal pubescence

rather less long than this, a strong anterior bristle present before apex; the

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 201

tibiae somewhat clavate with close ventral pubescence near apex and several

dorsal bristles of which the strongest is near base of tibia; hind pro-tarsi not

thickened, about one-third the length of their tibiae.

Wings!; Broadest at middle, anal angle, slightly obtuse, axillary angle gently

rounded, marginal fringe quite as long near base of costa as on the axillary

lobe. Slightly brownish subcostal area browner, stigma grey-brown, oval, lying

along costa and not touching 7,3; veins blackish (7, and cz) to yellowish brown.

sc ending in brown strip adjoining 7, but removed from costa; 75 quite short and

very weak. R, not narrowed at tip; rst M, large, as long as M. Final section

of my, half as long as that of m,,, and nearly parallel to it; tip of Cu very

pointed; a weak, hyaline near its base, not quite reaching wing-margin.

Halteres black, their stalks brownish at the base.

Length of body 5:5 mm.; of wing, 5°5 mm.

Kenya: Aberdare Range—Katamayo, 8000 ft., x.1934, I d type.

Fic. 1.—(a) Hybos kenyensis sp. n., tibia of right fore-leg, ventral view. (b) Syneches

mays sp. n., do, femur and tibia of right fore-leg, anterior view. (Pubescence

omitted.)

Syneches Walker

Syneches Walker, 1852, Ins. Saunders Dipt. 1: 165. (Type: Syneches simplex, Walker's

original species).

The only species of this genus hitherto described from the Ethiopian region

is S. natalensis Bigot (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1889 (6) 9: 126). A specimen in

the British Museum determined as this species by Mr. J. E. Collin, who com-

pared it with the type, has characters which conform to the subgenus Har-

pamerus Bigot (Melander, Gen. Ins., Fasc. 185: 40). Veins 74,; and m1.

1 The wing photographed is not quite flat, having a small fold below cu which distorts

the appearance of Cu in the figure,

262 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

converge towards the tip, and the hind femora are considerably swollen with a

strong ventral tooth (without apical spine) near the distal end; hind tibiae

curved, with one or two small ventral prominences. S. natalensis is thus not a

very close relative of the species to be described here, all of which conform to

Syneches sens. strict. (see Melander, Gen. Ins.. Fasc. 185: 39).

In addition, Mr. Collin has prepared, but not published, descriptions of

several species, mostly from Nigeria. His types of these are mostly in the

British Museum, but though some are very closely allied to specimens brought

back by the Ruwenzori Expedition, I believe none are actually conspecific.

As will be seen, however, the species of this series are apt to be variable, especially

in matters of coloration. For the same reason, on the material and data avail-

able, the following key to the species of the Ruwenzori Expedition must be

treated as provisional:

1. Hind femora wholly or mostly yellow. Antennae partly yellowish :

Hind femora wholly or mostly black, Antennae blackish : é : : 3:

Hind femora darker on apical than on basal half, their antero-ventral bristles

as long as width of femora, dorsal bristles or long hairs present; third

antennal segment darker than first and second; closure of rst M7, transverse,

parallel with that of Cu, thus upper angle of rst M, obtuse primissima sp. Nn.

Hind femora more or less uniform in colour, their antero-ventral bristles shorter

than width of femora, and without any long pubescence on dorsal side;

third antennal segment as yellow as first and second; closure of rst M,

recurrent, converging with that of Cu, thus lower angle of rst MM, obtuse

quadraginta sp. n.

3. Hind coxae yellow; scutellum partly yellow, at least at edges; abdomen with

very long yellow pubescence on allsegments . 5 : : mays sp.n.

Hind coxae black; scutellum wholly black; pubescence of abdomen less long,

especially on posterior segments . 0 : a . neptunus sp.

Syneches primissima sp. n.

(Fig. 2)

Hind coxae and femora yellow, latter brownish on distal half; front tibiae

black. Wings brownish in both sexes; pleurae yellow, 2 with thorax bare and

shining black on sides at front.

g. Head: Eyes reddish, covering whole of head to vertex, upper and lower

halves divided by distinct transverse line marking slight change of colour and

in size of facets; a fringe of setulae at posterior margin. Ocellar triangle raised,

black, ocelli reddish, a pair of short setae present between posterior pair. First

and second segments of antennae yellow, latter with black setulae above and

below, third segment decidedly oblong, pubescent, grey-brown but yellow at

base, with dorsal setula as long as segment; arista yellowish, attached at dorsal

angle of third segment. Face bare, black but yellowish at base, angled at middle

and shining below this point, thus lower half receding, upper half somewhat

depressed between eyes; narrowest just below eye-incision and at this point

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 263

with a small median pit or opening; mouth of eye-incision crossed by a black

line (suture?). Palpi black, slender with long bristles. Proboscis brown, right-

angled near its base, porrect.

Thorax: Notum quite black, dull on account of uniform tomentum (appear-

ing brownish in some lights). Humeri slightly yellowish. Scutellum yellow but

its central area somewhat greyish; post-scutellar sclerite black, with an anterior

ridge immediately beneath scutellum, bearing some hairs. Acrostichals

biserial, small and weak; 2 notopleural bristles present, 1 post-alar, 1

intra-alar and 2 pre-scutellar. Scutellum with about 18 marginal setae,

3 pairs larger than the rest. Pleurae entirely yellow, translucent.

Abdomen: Black, dusted with brownish, slender and down-curved. Pu-

bescence bristly, black. Terminalia twisted to the right, quite small, black,

with fine, pale pubescence. Tip of penis (Fig. 2, a) with two pairs of lateral

teeth; ventral lamellae somewhat divided from each other at tip, thus the

ninth sternite apically bifurcate.

Legs: Front coxae and femora yellow, the latter somewhat swollen, thickest

near base; front tibiae and tarsi quite black, tibiae thickened near base to

accommodate an oblong pit on anterior surface, which slightly deforms segment ;

front tibiae with somewhat bristly pubescence, but no conspicuous bristles on

front legs. Middle legs quite yellow but darkened at femoro-tibial joint;

the coxae with a small white tooth pointed downwards, on lateral side before

tip; the femora with a row of pale upstanding hairs on ventral side, the tibiae

with two or three dorsal bristles, black, but these not very long. Hind coxae

yellow, femora yellow becoming brown on distal third, slightly curved and at

most twice as thick as their tibiae; tibiae quite black, three-fourths as long

as femora, tarsi yellow except distal joint blackish; the femora with several

antero-ventral bristles about equal to width of segment, and about four dorsal

bristles beyond middle, nearly as long as these; the tibiae with an antero-

dorsal bristle before the middle, and another before the apex.

Wings: Broad, brown, axillary lobe large, stigma dark grey-brown,

elongate, lying along costa and not touching 7,,3. Veins grey-brown but 7,

black and cu blackish. Costa ending at m,,5, this vein slightly undulating but

R,; not narrowed at tip. rst M, large, becoming broader distally, its closure

transverse, thus the upper angle distinctly more obtuse than the lower, and

distal section of ms,, no longer than this closure. cw beyond m-—cu transverse,

straight, thus closure of Cu decidedly acute.

Halteres blackish, yellow at base of stalks. Squamae yellow with yellow

fringe.

°. Head asin 3. Front of thorax shining black, quite bare of tomentum

except on median strip, acrostichals sparse, apparently quadriserial, small

uniserial dorsocentrals present; humeri tomentose. Bristles as in 3 but only

one pair of pre-scutellars visible in allotype, Scutellum quite yellow, also

204 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

pleurae. Abdomen tapering strongly to yellowish anal lamellae, its pubescence

somewhat brownish. Legs with front and hind tibiae dark brown, also apical

third of hind femora paler than in 3, and their dorsal bristles less prominent.

Wings almost completely hyaline, but stigma as in 9 and with a brown area

beyond it extending to 7,,3; venation as in ¢.

Length of body, 5 mm.; of wing, 5:5 mm.

UcanbA: Ruwenzori Range, Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1 g type, I Q allotype,

3 &, 2 G paratypes; Namanve, 9.xii.34, 1 ¢ paratype (J. Ford); Kampala,

5.X1.1918, 2 9 (C. C. Gowdey).

Fic. 2.—Outlines of penis and IX sternite of (a) Syneches primissima sp. 0.,

(b) S. quadraginta sp. n., (c) S. mars sp. n., and (d) S. neptunus sp. n.

Syneches quadraginta sp. n.

(Fig. 2)

Hind femora almost uniformly brownish or yellow, with no long setae on

dorsal side; third antennal segment yellowish; tomentum covering entire

thorax in both sexes.

3. Head: Third antennal segment slightly oblong, as yellow as the second,

its dorsal setula small, hardly reaching beyond end of segment; arista black

near base. Incision of eyes below antennae very shallow, thus face scarcely

narrowed just below this point.

Thorax; Black, tomentose, humeri somewhat yellowish, scutellum yellow

at all its margins, but central area black. Acrostichals and dorsocentrals small

and weak, similar weak notopleural pubescence present, and a row of about

5 up-curved setulae above the wings; 2 notopleural bristles, 1 post-alar, I intra-

alar, I or 2 prescutellar; scutellum with about 22 marginal setae varying in

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 265

length, the largest not regularly paired. Pleurae blackish brown, mostly shining

and pubescent, but area just behind humeri tomentose.

Abdomen: Blackish brown, subshining, pubescence long and somewhat

brownish. Tip of penis (Fig. 2, 6) with 2 pairs of lateral barbs, the more apical

projecting less far laterally than the other pair. Ninth sternite completely

fused at its tip but toothed at the angles, and with distinct constriction near

its base.

Legs: Femora of front legs yellow, thickened near base, their tibiae blackish

brown, slender and scarcely deformed by the anterior pit; their tarsi black.

Middle legs yellow except at femoro-tibial joint and base of tibiae, and distal

part of tarsi; the femora with bristly pubescence, tibiae with fairly short dorsal

bristles and short but strong ventral sub-apical bristles. Hind coxae yellow,

femora almost uniformly brown, tibiae black, tarsi brown, blackish distally;

pubescence of femora quite short and uniform except for a few short, thick

antero-ventral bristles, tibiae with an antero-dorsal bristle before the middle

and another before the apex.

Wings: Very broad at axillary lobe, most brownish at anterior, stigma

elongate and lying along costa, veins greyish to dark brown. Closure of rst M,

recurrent, so that lower angle is more obtuse than upper; closure of Cu slightly

curved and recurrent, but lower angle just less than a right-angle. R, not

narrowed at tip.

Halteres blackish, except at base of stalk.

9. Thorax with tomentum covering whole notum, the bristles yellowish,

scutellum almost entirely yellow, with about 18 marginal setae all yellow;

pleurae quite yellow in allotype. Legs with hind femora yellow except at

extreme apex. Wungs perfectly hyaline, thus the stigma conspicuous, oblong;

ist M, scarcely broader distally than basally, its closure converging strongly

with that of Cu. Halteres yellow, slightly suffused with blackish.

Length of body, 5 mm.; of wing, 5 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Mpanga Forest, c. 4000 ft., 25.1.35, I d type,

I Q@allotype. Namanve, 12.xii.34, I g paratype (J. Ford).

This species is best separated from S. primissima by the blackish pleurae

in the male, and by the completely tomentose thorax and hyaline wings in the

female. The Namanve specimen is rather smaller than the type and has the

closure of rst M, less recurrent. The species is probably variable.

Syneches mars sp. n.

(Figs. r and 2)

Antennae and pleurae blackish in both sexes, front tibiae yellowish, hind

coxae yellow.

6. Head: All segments of antennae dark brown, third segment small,

266 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

almost round, with dorsal’setula as long as segment. Incision of eye below

antennae rather shallow, face constricted below this point.

Thorax: Notum black, tomentose, humeri partly yellow, scutellum black

except at edges where it is yellow. Acrostichals and dorsocentrals small, the

latter uniserial; notal setae black, comprising 2 notopleural, 1 post-alar, I pre-

scutellar, and some smaller pre-scutellar; scutellum with about 26 marginal

bristles, of which 4 or 5 near apex are black, remainder yellow. Pleurae blackish

brown, mostly bare, shining and translucent.

Abdomen: Very long lateral pubescence present, mostly yellow but with

some blackish hairs above. Tip of penis (Fig. 2, c) rather bi-angular than

rounded, the more apical pair of barbs very small; ventral lamellae represented

by slightly divided apex of ninth sternite, which is without constriction near

base but has minute lateral tooth on prominence near base. Lateral lamellae

with about 3 apical teeth.

Legs: Front legs yellow except for distal end of tarsi, but the tibiae shghtly

darker than the femora; their tibiae (Fig. 1, 6) thickened at the anterior pit,

and with some upstanding hairs on dorsal side. Middle legs yellow, the femora

with small ventral setae, the tibiae with some large, conspicuous setae com-

prising an antero-dorsal before the middle, a postero-dorsal and a posterior

beyond the middle, and several sub-apicals of which a posterior is the largest.

Hind coxae yellow, hind femora and tibiae each black, but rather paler near

their bases, the tarsi dark brown becoming black; the femora slender, thickest

at beginning of apical third, with 4 or 5 antero-ventral bristles, none longer than

this thickness; tibiae with 2 small dorsal sub-apical bristles.

Wings: Browner on anterior than on posterior part. Closure of rst M, trans-

verse, parallel with that of Cu, but shorter than apical section of ms,,4. Apical

section of mm, straight.

Halteres blackish, but first half of stalk yellow.

2. As 3, except as follows: Thorax with scutellum more yellowish at sides

and only two of its bristles black. Abdomen yellowish at joints of sternites,

tapering to rather long, grey-brown anal lamellae. Legs with hind femora

quite yellow on basal third and hind tibiae yellowish on basal half. Wangs

slightly paler in allotype than in type, the distal sections of m,,. and m3,

longer. Halteres more brownish.

Length of body, 5-5 mm.; of wing, 6 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Mobuku Valley, 7—8000 ft., 29—31.x1.34,

I § type, I G allotype, 2 ¢, 2 2 paratypes.

The most distinctive features of this species are its black hind femora

contrasting with the yellow coxae, and the long, dense abdominal pubescence.

But the degree of yellowness on thorax and legs varies, and one male specimen

has wings quite as pale as those of the females.

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 267

Syneches neptunus sp. n.

(Fig. 2)

Scutellum and hind coxae black, front tibiae brownish in middle, yellowish

at either end; abdominal pubescence becoming rather short on posterior

segments,

3g. Head: Antennae blackish, third segment small, nearly round. Incision

of eyes fairly large, face rather broad, black, upper part with median incision but

otherwise only slightly depressed between eyes. Lower part of face and of

proboscis shining blackish brown.

Thorax: Notum, humeri and scutellum entirely black, except for a small

yellow spot at lateral extremity of humeri; pleurae shining black. Acrostichals

multiserial, irregular, dorsocentrals uniserial, both weak but not very short;

2 notopleural bristles present, 1 post-alar, 1 pre-scutellar and some smaller pre-

scutellars between the intra-alars; scutellum with about 18 setae, of which all

but 2 or 3 are yellow.

Abdomen: Pubescence yellow, long on first segments, becoming much

shorter, also darker, from fifth segment backwards. Terminalia with short,

pale pubescence. Apex of penis (Fig. 2, d) with only the more basal pairs of

barbs visible. Apex of ninth sternite slightly divided, having a thickened

prominence inside the lateral angles; a small lateral prominence present near

its base.

Legs: Front coxae blackish, their femora yellow, tibiae yellowish at base

and apex, but browner in middle, especially at the anterior pit, front tarsi

blackish brown at base to black at claws. Middle coxae grey-brown, on this

account the usual white lateral tooth more conspicuous than in the other species ;

remainder of middle legs yellow except for darkening near claws; antero-dorsal

bristle near base of the tibiae specially long, quite half as long as tibiae them-

selves, which have rather shorter but conspicuous postero-dorsal and postero-

ventral bristles beyond middle, and several ventral bristles towards apex. Hind

legs, including coxae, entirely black in type except for base of tibiae which is

yellowish brown; femora with about 6 antero-ventral bristles, none on dorsal

side.

Wings: Brownest towards stigmal area. Closure of rst M, somewhat

recurrent but parallel with that of Cw since this is somewhat curved backwards.

Halteres blackish, but greyish yellow at base of stalks.

. Anal lamellae long, slender, greyish. Front and middle coxae rather

paler than in 3, and base of hind femora yellowish but that of their tibiae

scarcely so. Upper and lower angles of rst M, equal in allotype.

Length of body, 6 mm.; of wing, 5:5 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 g type, 2 Jd

paratypes; Mobuku Valley, 7—-8000 ft., 29—31.xii.34, 1 2 allotype, 2 2 paratypes

268 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

(F.W.E.); Nyamgasani Valley, 8-gooo ft., 1 9 paratype (D. R. Buxton);

Kalinzu Forest, 1 9 paratype (7. H. FE. Jackson).

This species is generally darker than the last, a feature which appears to be

most constant on the scutellum, front tarsi and hind coxae. The hind femora

and tibiae vary in the extent and degree of ‘yellowness which they exhibit. It

is possible that S. mars and S. neptunus may be distinguishable rather as sub-

species than as species, but they are better separated pending the discovery of

intermediates.

Syndyas Loew.

Syndyas Loew, 1857, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Férh. 14: 369. (Type: Syndyas opaca Loew

(1857) by designation of Coquillett, 1903).

KEY TO SPECIES COLLECTED BY RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

1. Thorax very acutely humped, its hinder surface vertical; distal section of m4 5

straight; hind femora of male deformed, with bare patch between basal

and distal spines, male terminalia with long, straggling hairs crisis sp. N.

Thorax less acutely humped, hinder surface inclined; distal section of 72445

more or less curved or undulating; hind femora of male (where known) not

deformed, their spines forming continuous row, and male terminalia short-

haired “ . 3 : 2 : 6 :

2. ¥4;5 Strongly curved, convex towards costa; rst M, large and wide, the distal

section of 72,;, being no longer than that of cw; middle tibiae brown — solus sp. n.

74+, but slightly curved, “rst M, narrower or smaller, with distal section of Mora

which is longer than that of cw; middle tibiae black : S : 3.

Hind tibiae of male (female unknown) greatly thickened distally, with ible

tudinal groove prominent on dorsal surface; thorax thickly pubescent;

distal section of m.,,, distinct throughout length . : pictipennis sp. n.

Hind tibiae of female (male unknown) less thickened, groove only slight; distal

section of m,,, becoming faint towards wing-margin; thorax very thinly

haired, shining ; : . minoy sp. 0.

In only one of the above four species are both sexes represented in this collec-

tion; this one exhibits such marked sexual dimorphism as to make it probable

that some of the characters used in the above key have merely sexual, rather

than specific, significance. Stress has been laid upon differences of venation,

this being the feature least likely to be subject to sexual variation. On the

other hand, the thoracic tomentum, shading or hyalinity of wings, and shape and

chaetotaxy of legs, are all characters which vary between the sexes in S. crisis.

And it is worthy of note that all male specimens, here studied, of the genus have

downy thoraces and shaded wings with stigma, whereas all the females have

shining thoraces and hyaline wings lacking the stigma. This observation

runs counter to Loew’s assumption (Dipt. Siid-Afrika: 260-61) that sexual

differences of this kind do not occur in the Hybotinae, and it casts doubt

on the specific distinction of his S. opaca and S. nitida, based on precisely these

variations as between a single specimen of either sex.

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 269

For the same reason it is doubtful if even a direct comparison of Loew’s

types with the present specimens would successfully establish their identity or

otherwise, and this must wait until more material, including both sexes taken

together, becomes available.

Fie. 3.—Syndyas crisis sp. n., g. (a) Terminalia from above; (b) Basal

segments of right hind-leg, anterior view,

Syndyas crisis sp. n.

(Figs. 3 and 5)

Distal section of m,,, straight; $ with straggling genital hairs and deformed

hind femora.

3. Head: Eyes touching above and below antennae, reddish above, black

below. Third antennal joint ovate, the attachment of the long arista slightly

dorsal in position. Palpi projecting forwards, rather large, with some coarse

hairs near base. Ocellar and post-ocular row of bristles coarse and prominent.

Thorax: Very high and humped, slightly angled behind the top, from which

hinder surface falls almost straight and vertically; notum shining dully black,

owing to sparse whitish pile. Thoracic hairs very few and short, but lengthening

on vertical hinder surface and completed by two pairs of pre-scutellar bristles.

Two stronger notopleural bristles present. Scutellum, nearly buried under

thorax, bearing a single pair of bristles. Pleurae black, dull.

Abdomen: Bare dorsally, but with long lateral hairs on anterior segments,

which have a greyish dorsal tomentum. Eighth sternite with a row of slender

bristles on its posterior margin, and ninth segment (Fig. 3, @) with 4 pairs of

very conspicuous setae, coarse, very long, and straggling out behind. Ventral

lamellae cup-shaped, thus the terminalia somewhat open.

270 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Legs: Front amd middle legs black to dark brown, bristly. Hind legs

(Fig. 3, 6) shining black. Hind femora indented near base on ventral surface,

with a group of ventral spines before indentation and longer rows, with pu-

bescence, on ventral swelling beyond it; dorsal surface strongly convex. Hind

tibiae slightly concave on dorsal surface, with a somewhat angular swelling at

distal end of ventral surface; a few long, light hairs on basal part of ventral

surface and dense yellow ventral hairs near the distal end, which also bears a

strong hooked spine.

Wings (Fig. 5, a): Rosy-brown, basal half nearly bare, distal half hairy.

Stigma ill-defined, dull light brown, filling area between apex of 7,,, and

costa, and fading away at its inner end. Veins strong, brown, costa extending

just beyond tip of m,,.. sc yellowish at root, then evanescent becoming almost

obsolete, but its apex just visible adjoining 7,. Vein m, between R and M,

represented by a white line. vs thickened, turned abruptly; 7,,,; curved gently

backwards, approaching ,, 9, distal section of which is straight. Anterior

margin of zst M, curved markedly backwards, the cell slanting backwards and

sending out the straight m,,, which is distinct right to wing-margin; a very

faint, scarcely reaching margin. ft slightly shorter than M, this again slightly

shorter than Cw.

Halteres black.

®. Head having palpi without hairs near base. Thorax shining, without

tomentum. Abdomen without dorsal tomentum, curved, tapering to anal

lamellae. Wangs quite hyaline, no trace of stigma; the veins thinner and lighter

than in 3, sc weaker, evanescent except at root. Hind /egs not deformed, the

femora very thick, with a small group of spines at base and a row of spines along

their entire length; their tibiae slightly thickened distally.

Length of body, 4 mm.; of wing, 3°8 mm.

UGANDA: Namanve, 10-14.x11.34, I d type, I 2 allotype, 3 3, 1 2 paratypes

(J. Ford); Budongo Forest, 7.11.35, 1 9, (F. W. E.), probably this species.

Syndyas pictipennis sp. n.

(Fig. 5)

Thorax densely pubescent; hind tibiae conspicuously clavate.

g. Head: Eyes (collapsed in type) apparently as in S. crisis. Proboscis

carried horizontally, extending beyond front of head; palpi parallel to, and

slightly shorter than, proboscis laterally compressed, pointed, with subterminal

bristle extending beyond apex, arising from inner side, but with no other

pubescence. Post-ocular bristles small, ocellar pair long.

Thorax: Highly arched, more rounded in front than behind but its hinder

surface sloping, not vertical; notum dully shining, especially in front, with

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 271

yellow pubescence thickest towards top, generally and quite thickly distributed,

mostly short and erect but becoming much longer and _ bristle-like behind.

Bristles—z2 notopleural, 2 pairs pre-scutellar, 2 scutellar. Pleurae pubescent.

Abdomen: Typically arched, its end blunt but not swollen. Dorsal

tomentum on all segments, venter shining, ventral pubescence sparse on all

segments except the first. Terminalia small, with short enclosing hairs, and

twisted to the right, the ventral lamellae apparently closed except at apex which

is bilobed and free.

Legs: Alllegs wholly black. Hind coxae with posterior bristle, but without

posterior swelling. Hind femora slenderer than distal portion of their tibiae,

with a single uniform row of spines beneath, apparently on a slight ridge but not

conspicuously tuberculate; dorsal surface straight, not convex, with fairly

long pubescence. Hind tibiae slender at base but greatly swollen distally, with

a wide groove extending along anterior side on the distal half; several bristles

and hairs on dorsal side. Hind pro-tarsi somewhat curved, hairy, with pair of

dorsal distal bristles.

Wings (Fig. 5, 6): Tinted with rosy-brown except towards posterior margin,

which is paler. Hairy except in parts of basal area. Stigma grey-brown,

- filling area between end of 7;,,, and the costa, ending abruptly below thickened

junction of 7, with costa. Veins strong, brown, sc distinct throughout its length,

yellowish, ending alongside 7, before its apex; m represented by a bare white

line flanked by hairs. 74,,; as in S. cvists; m4, curved forwards shortly before

tip, so that end of A, is markedly narrowed. rst M, slanting backwards, but

anterior margin less curved than in crisis; mg,, distinct right to wing margin,

Rand M as in crisis.

Halteres: black.

Length of body, 4mm.; of wing, 3°8 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Mobuku Valley, 7-8000 ft., 29-31.x11.34,

I ¢ type.

Syndyas solus sp. n.

(Fig. 5)

A relatively large species, with rst M, large, middle tibiae yellowish brown.

9. Head: Eyes touching above antennae and very close below. Third

antennal segment ovate, longer than the first and second together, arista

attached very slightly dorsally. Proboscis held obliquely in type, palpi parallel

to it and protruding as far. Palpi shaped as in S. fictipennis (3) but appar-

ently with 2 sub-apical bristles on each. Post-ocular row of setae small.

Thorax: Shaped as in pictipennis, but highly polished and without tomen-

tum except on posterior surface, which has a thick black tomentum. Thoracic

hairs much fewer than in fictipennis, ending with 2 pairs of longer hairs

272 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

rather far forward on postérior surface, with a non-pubescent area behind them.

Two small notopleural bristles and one pair of scutellar bristles present.

Abdomen: Third to fifth segments swollen in dorsal view, giving wasp-like

appearance, then sharply tapering to ciel lamellae. No dorsal tomentum,

thus abdomen shining black.

Legs: Front and middle femora and front tibiae dark brown, middle tibiae

much thinner than front pair and dingy yellowish brown. Hind legs black, base

of tibiae, dark brown, their coxae cylindrical, without posterior swelling, but

with thin, light, long hairs behind; the femora thicker than the tibiae, with

an anterior and a ventral row of strong spines on tubercles, and small ventral

spines on the joint with coxa; hind tibiae swollen distally but without groove,

and only thin hairs on dorsal side. Hind protarsi with ventral spines as large

as the femoral spines.

Wings (Fig. 5, d): Totally hyaline and bare except for marginal fringe;

no trace of stigma. Veins light grey-brown, rather thin; sc quite obsolete

except at its root; 7),,; markedly bent opposite end of 7,; 74,,; strongly and

M,,. slightly curved backwards, the two approaching each other at apex.

y, not very sharply bent to meet 7,. rst M, much larger than in two foregoing

species, wider near distal end than at base; distal section of m,,, short, not

longer than section of cu following m—cu, and becoming faint near wing-margin.

Rand M equal, Cu slightly longer. a weak, not reaching margin.

Halteres black.

Length of body, 4.5 mm.; of wing, 4°2 mm.

UcanpbaA: Ruwenzori Range, Mpanga Valley, 6000 ft., 24.1.35, I 2 type.

Syndyas minor sp. n.

(Fig. 5)

Small species, legs wholly black, rst M, small, abdomen and front of thorax

shining in Q.

2. Head: Eyes almost wholly black, touching above and below antennae,

third antennal joint ovate, arista terminal and apparently not dorsal in attach-

ment. Proboscis held obliquely, porrect in type, palpi blade-like with one

row of sub-apicalhair. Post-ocular row of setae upcurved and of medium length.

Thorax: Shining black except for posterior surface, which has black

tomentum and is sloping. Thoracic hairs sparse, dorsocentrals uniserial and

short, ending with 2 pairs of longer bristles half-way down posterior surface.

Two notopleural and a pair of scutellar bristles present.

Abdomen: Strongly curved, shining black, anal lamellae greyish. Lateral

hairs long only on anterior segments. Third to fifth segments scarcely broader

than first and second, thus no wasp-like waist.

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 273

Legs: Totally black, front and middle legs hairy but without conspicuous

bristles. Hind femora and tibiae equally thick towards their distal end, the

femora with single row of spines on slight tubercles, also spines on basal angle,

which is slender; their coxae with bristles.

Wings (Fig. 5, c). Hyaline, no stigma, minutely hairy except on parts of

basal area. Veins slender, brown, but costa dark and heavy between 7, and

M149; sc obsolete except for very short root, 7,,, slightly curved backwards

from opposite the end of 7,,53, and m,,. slightly curved forward towards it.

Anterior side of rst M, curved, distal section of. ms, , much longer than section

of cu following m-—cu, but becoming faint and white before reaching half-way

from rst M, to wing-margin; a faint, but very nearly reaching margin. M.

rather longer than R and equal to Cw.

Halteres black.

Length of body, 2:7 mm.; of wing, 3 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Kilembe, 4500 ft., xii.34.-1.35, I 2 type,

2 2 paratypes.

A 9, labelled “‘Uganda: Budongo Forest, 7.11.35’, is possibly a distinct

species. It has a wider abdomen than the type of S. minor, with some ochreous

tomentum on the dorsal surface, while the wing veins, including the costa,

are light brown, rst M, short and broad, and distal section of m,,, distinct

right to wing-margin.

Sabinios gen. n.

A genus having 7, very short as in Syndyas, and m represented by a whitish

line between RK and M. A prominent stigma present, not elongate. 7,,, and

m,,. not converging apically, thus R; not narrowed at apex. rst M, long, as

long as 2nd M,; a weak. Scutellum with a pair of bristles and several more

slender, long setae. Thorax and abdomen shining black, legs partially brown.

In other respects resembling Syndyas.

Type species, Sabintos jovis sp. n.

Sabinios jovis sp. n.

(Figs. 4 and 5)

A black fly, as large as a typical Hybos, with brown front and middle legs;

wings brownish with a strong stigma.

3g. Head: Eyes red-brown, touching on frons and very narrowly separated

on face. Ocellar triangle raised, having a pair of bristles, occiput with a row of

erect setae behind the eyes. Antennae black, their third segment ovate, tomen-

tose, with a long, bare arista. Palpi dully yellowish, resembling a fine blade,

with a coarse sup-apical hair. Proboscis porrect.

II, 5 (0)

274 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Thorax: Notum highly arched, its front and top shining black but the sides

and pre-scutellar surface having an ochreous tomentum. Serial setae rather

weak, sparse, the acrostichals biserial, the dorsocentrals uniserial; longer, pale

pubescence present above and behind the humeri and before the scutellum;

two notopleural bristles; scutellum with a pair of bristles and several marginal

hairs nearly as long as these; all bristles yellowish. Pleurae tomentose.

Abdomen. Shining black, with long yellow pubescence on anterior segments.

Terminalia (Fig. 4) rather large, pollinose and pubescent, twisted nearly go°

Fic. 4.—Sabinios jovis gen. et sp. n., g terminalia from above (i.e., right side

of abdomen).

to the right; the right laterals lamella having an incurved apical projection

overlapping the left lamella. Anal lamellae erect, pubescent.

Legs: All coxae black. Front and middle legs light brown, but tarsi black

distally. Hind legs black, but base of their tibiae brown. Base of front

tibiae slightly thickened. Middle tibiae with a long ventral sub-apical bristle,

yellowish, half as long as the segment, and their protarsi with yellowish ventral

bristles. Hind coxae with yellow posterior pubescence, their femora distally

thicker than the tibiae, with a single row of ventral tuberculate spines, these

closest together near apex; dorsal side of femora with pale pubescence. Tibiae

with three large black dorsal bristles near apex, their protarsi rather thick and

large, with three smaller bristles similarly placed, and thickly coarse-haired on

ventral side.

Wings (Fig. 5, f): Slightly brown in appearance, short-haired all over,

including basal area. Veins strong, dark brown. 7, short, thickened at its

apex but suddenly much weaker at its base and running obliquely from 7;

¥5,3 curved round the stigma, and meeting costa abruptly opposite, not beyond,

tip of ms,,4. Stigma dark grey-brown, little longer than wide, filling apex

EMPIDIDAE: HYBOTINAE 275

of R,, beginning opposite end of 7,. Costa running to m,,. but becoming thinner

at wing-tip; 74,, straight, m,,, at first diverging from it, then parallel to it.

1st M, widest at distal end, about equal in length to 2nd M,. Distal section of

m,,4 Straight and distinct to wing-margin; m very weak, represented by a faint

whitish line; a also weak, but brown in region of junction with cu. M longer

than R, shorter than Cu. Anal angle fairly large, rounded, alula very slight

with long fringe.

Halteres long, blackish brown.

Length of body, 4.5 mm.; of wing, 4°5 mm.

UcaNnDA: Kigezi district, Mt. Sabinio, 29.xi.34, I ¢ type.

Fic. 5.—Right wings of (a) Syndyas crisis sp. n., 3, (b) S. pictipennis sp. n., 3,

jovis gen. et sp. n., g; (g) Lamachella namwamba sp. n., 9; and (h) Stenoproctus

securus sp. n., 9. (Not to scale).

276 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

~“OCYDROMIINAE

Ocydromia Meigen

Ocydromia Meigen, 1820, Syst. Beschr. 2: 351 (1820). (Type: Empis glabricula Fallén,

1816 (Empid. Suec.: 33).) ;

Ocydromia hirsutipes Becker

Ocyvdromia hirysutipes Becker, 1914, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 123 (1914).

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Kilembe, 4500 ft., xii.34-1.35, 3 3.

The specimens of Ocydvomia in the Ruwenzori collection agree in all respects

with Becker’s description of O. hirsutipes, which, however, does not make clear

the characters which apparently distinguish this species from the very variable

O. glabricula Fallén. The Ruwenzori specimens differ from typical British

specimens of glabricula as follows:

Arista of antennae yellow, palpi and proboscis also yellowish. Scutellum

yellow, with tomentum at sides only, marginal bristles very small except the

innermost pair. Pubescence of legs not uniform, but with some hairs bristle-

like and upstanding, about twice the length of the others; these large hairs

most noticeable on middle and hind tibiae, but also present on femora and pro-

tarsi. Wings with a not reaching margin, and axillary lobe only slightly devel-

oped, gently rounded, thus the anal angle very obtuse; marginal fringe

extending all the way round the wing, very long on posterior margin, and longer

on the axillary lobe than on the unlobed alular margin; anterior margin of

ist M, curved backwards throughout its length (not near apex only), so that

the cell is rather small.

Lamachella Melander

Lamachella Melander, 1927, Gen. Ins. Fasc. 185: 71. (Type: L. wnivittata Melander,

by original designation).

Melander founded this genus on a single female specimen from the Cameroons,

tropical West Africa. The only species from Ruwenzori which appears to be

congeneric with L. uwnivittata differs from his description in one or two respects,

and must be considered as a second species:

Antennal arista shorter than third segment, palpi long and slender. , arising near

the middle of the basal cells : : : : : ; . univittata, Mel.

Antennal arista nearly twice as long as third segment, palpi short and rounded. 1,

arising two-thirds of way along R : é : : ; namwamba sp. nN.

Lamachella namwamba sp. n.

(Fig. 5)

A slender, shining species with relatively long, pubescent arista and 7, very

short and curved.

EMPIDIDAE: OCYDROMIINAE 277

dg. Head: Eyes reddish, facets much larger above than below, touching on

frons from a short distance above the antennae up to ocelli, but broadly separ-

ated on face. Antennae attached half-way up front of head, basal segments

short, yellowish, the second with a ring of black bristles, third segment brown,

pubescent, longer than the first and second together, tapering to a point at

apex, from which arises a pubescent arista with a terminal hair, this being in

all about twice the length of the third segment; this segment held horizontally,

the arista inclined at an angle of 45° downwards. Proboscis short, yellow,

porrect, palpi small with sub-apical bristle. Occiput with up-curved post-

ocular row of bristles.

Thorax: Notum black, shining, bare except for the small but strong biseria!

acrostichal and uniserial dorsocentral bristles. Humeri brownish, with a

small humeral bristle, a stronger bristle present shortly behind the humeri.

Three notopleural bristles, two small, one larger. Post-alar calli light brown,

also with a small bristle. Scutellum black, with one pair of strong marginal

bristles. Pleurae blackish brown.

Abdomen: Equal in length to head and thorax together, slightly down-

curved, dark brown, with black dorsal tomentum and long yellow hairs on sides

and beneath. Terminalia black, small, of toothed external appearance, the

teeth curved leftwards, the dorsal lamellae towards the right side.

Legs: Yellow, the front and hind tibiae greyish brown. Distal third of

front tibiae bent inwards as viewed from in front. Pubescence of legs dark,

front and middle legs without any prominent bristles. Hind femora entirely

yellow, much swollen, thickest near the middle with numerous black spinules

beneath, arranged in antero- and postero-ventral rows, the anterior row

including some larger spines, both rows extending nearly the whole length of

femora; also two anterior and two antero-dorsal bristles on distal portion.

Hind tibiae four-fifths length of their femora, thickest at base, which is strongly

geniculate, slightly tapering to apex, curved so that the concave ventral surface

fits against that of the femora; this surface with strong black serrations, but not

spines on tibiae. Hind protarsi half as long as their tibiae, slender.

Wings (Fig. 5, g): Axillary angle obtuse, the lobe large, its margin concave

at base, alula undeveloped but fringe here long. Costa with a small basal bristle.

Wings somewhat brownish, stigma elongate, ill-defined, not touching 72,3;

sc distinct, close to 7, merging with 7, near apex and then merging with stigma,

vy, also merging into stigma. 7, very short, curved, and weak, thus at its base Kk

as broad as M; 7,,, and m,,, first diverging, then parallel at apex. rst M,

widest at its apex, second and third sections of m,,, about equal in length;

a, distinct, yellowish, a, weak but complete, but its basal portion represented

by a bare white line.

Squamae blackish with yellow fringe. Halteres grey-brown.

2. Head with eyes broadly separated on the face and even more broadly on

278 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

the frons. Thorax golden-brown with a median black stripe becoming broader

before scutellum. Abdomen abruptly tapering to the oval lamellae. Legs with

antero-ventral spines of hind femora rather stronger than in male, legs more

golden. Halteres dingy yellow.

Length of body, 3-2 mm.; of wing, 4 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 3 type,

I 2 allotype, 1 3 paratype.

Stenoproctus Loew.

Stenoproctus Loew, 1858, Oefv. Vet. Akad. Férh., 15: 340. (Type: S. unipunctatus

Loew, by original designation).

The following is a key to the known species and to all the undescribed

Ethiopian species of this genus in the British Museum:

1. Hind femora entirely yellow A : : : : : : Ds

Distal part of hind femora black or dark brown . é é : 3.

2. Hind femora with only two brownish spines in front of ventral tubercles aaa

two behind them A . [sp.]*

Hind femora with more than two antero- ventral ‘and more than two postero-

ventral spines, all spines black . : 0 secuvus Sp. n.

3. Antennal arista very long, about three times ienetts of third segment. Wing

stigma more than twice as long as broad, indistinct is . maximus sp. n.

Antennal arista shorter or longer than third segment, at most twice as long.

Wing stigma oval, distinct . : : d : : : : : 4.

4. Thorax more or less brown or amber-coloured j & 0 : ; 5.

Thorax quite black, or only very slightly tinged with brown . : ; é 6.

5. Hind femora with five antero-ventral spines, four in one row. Four hairs

between the largest pair of scutellar bristles . . . ?lunipunctatus Lw.]}t

Hind femora with six antero-ventral spines, five in one row. Two hairs only be-

tween the largest pair of scutellar bristles ‘ : . . (sp.]t

6. Third antennal segment not greatly elongate, no inser ena arista. Hind

femora with four antero-ventral spines in a row, and two anterior bristles

? sylvaticus Becker

Third antennal segment more than typically elongate, distinctly longer than

arista. Hind femora with five antero-ventral spines in a row, no anterior

bristles é : é : c é : : 9 5 . sevus Sp. D.

Stenoproctus maximus sp. n.

(Fig. 6)

A large species with the amber-coloured thorax having a black median

stripe; arista of antenna very long.

§. Head: About circular when viewed from front, but higher than broad in

lateral view. Eyes touching on frons for very long distance, but separated on

* $9, Port St. John, Pondoland, ix.1934 and 6—25.ii.1924 (R. E. Turner).

t 1 dg and r Q from Katberg, x.1932 (ft. E. Turner) are probably referable to S. uni-

punctatus Lw.—the original species and genotype.

t $2, Somerset East and Katberg, Cape Province, xi.1930 (R. E. Turner).

EMPIDIDAE: OCYDROMIINAE 279

face; incision in facial margin small and blunt. Antennae attached below

middle of head, dark brown, pubescent; third segment rather longer than first

two together, tapering to a point, upper surface straight, lower surface lobed;

arista pubescent, about three times length of third segment, with a short

terminal hair. Palpi and proboscis yellow, porrect, short, the latter with some

dark hairs on ventral surface.

Fic. 6.—Femora of left hind-legs (pubescence omitted) of (a) Stenopyoctus,

maximus sp.n., 3, (b) S. securus sp. n., 3g, (c) S. syluaticus Becker, 3, and (d) S. serus

sp.n., Jd

Thorax: Thorax and pleurae amber-coloured, with a broad black median

stripe which ends some way short of scutellum. Acrostichal and dorsocentral

hairs sparse. Bristles strong, black, consisting of 1 humeral, 3 notopleural,

2 supra-alar, I post-alar. Scutellum yellow, with one pair of strong bristles

and a few weak hairs.

Abdomen: Black above, dark brown beneath; down-curved, with long

yellow hairs and a close, whitish down. Terminalia somewhat twisted to the

right, their small, ventral lamellae blackish and pubescent, small, wide apart ;

lateral lamellae rather larger, chitinous and flattened, directed inward so that

the left overlaps the right; dorsal lamellae curved and reclinate.

Legs: Front and middle legs yellow, simple, their tarsi darkened, pubescence

280 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

short, not thick, light on femora but becoming darker towards claws; middle

tibiae with apical ring of black setulae. Hind legs with coxae yellow, femora

(Fig. 6, a) with basal half yellow, apical half black, tibiae and tarsi brown; the

femora somewhat thickened but of fairly slender appearance, tibiae curved,

geniculate, otherwise simple, tarsi slender, simple; coxae with some spines

behind and apically in front; femora with about 7 antero-ventral and 4 postero-

ventral spines and at least I anterior spine; the first antero-ventral spine

quite near the base; also with the ventral tuberculate “‘pegs”’ typical of the

genus; and with 4 large dorsal sub-apical bristles. Tibiae with tuberculate

setulae on basal half, fading out towards apex.

Wings: Brownish, stigma long, lying along margin and not touching 75,3;

sc reaching and merging into stigma. Junction of 7,,, and 7,,, thickened and

darkened, 7, long. Rk and M long, about equal, Cu much shorter, its closure

convex, perpendicular to weak but complete a; 74,, and m,,, divergent;

tst M, short, rather wedge-shaped, its closure nearly transverse.

Squamae amber-coloured with yellow fringe. Halteres blackish.

®. As male, but thoracic stripe less strong, as also colouring of hind femora,

hind legs as a whole being paler; and wings hyaline with stigma faint. Abdomen

tapering to anal lamellae, which are large, and of greyish yellow colour.

Length of body, 5 mm.; of wing, 5-5 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 ¢ type, 1 9 allo-

type, 10 ¢ paratypes; Mobuku Valley, 7-8000 ft., 1 g, 2 2 paratypes.

Stenoproctus securus sp. n.

(Figs. 5 and 6)

A species with yellow hind femora and a number of strong scutellar bristles.

3. Head: Shaped as in S. maximus. Eyes touching on frons from the

ocelli to shortly above antennae, separated on face. Antennae attached below

middle, basal segments yellow—the second with a ring of black spinules, the

third yellow, darkened at tip, pear-shaped, the narrow distal part elongate; the

pubescent arista, including its terminal hair, about twice as long as the third

segment. Proboscis short, yellow, porrect, and dark-haired.

Thorax: Notum black in front, becoming dark brown in middle and behind,

and lighter brown on sides; scutellum rather dark brown. Whole thorax

shining, the serial hairs short and sparse; humeri with a group of greyish hairs,

and scutellum covered with slight whitish down. Bristles strong, black—

t humeral, 1 post-humeral, 2 notopleural (the lower being particularly large),

1 post-alar. Scutellum with about 12 marginal bristles, 2 being very strong and

4 others only slightly less strong. Pleurae yellow.

Abdomen: Down-curved, black, with close brownish tomentum on top and

sides, and long lateral and ventral hairs on the anterior segments. Terminalia

EMPIDIDAE: OCYDROMIINAE 281

twisted, lateral lamellae large, their apices meeting or crossing ventral lamellae

small, linear, with fringe forming a “‘comb”’ between them. Anal lamellae

small, densely pubescent.

Legs: All coxae and femora yellow, front tibiae and tarsi and hind tibiae

much darkened, but middle tibiae quite yellow; hind femora with a dark dorsal

patch at distal end. Pubescence normal, rather long on hind femora. Middle

tibiae with several yellow apical bristles, hind coxae with some bristles in front

and behind; tuberculate spines of hind femora (Fig. 6, 6) comprising 1 anterior,

6 antero-ventral, and 5 postero-ventral (the first very small), about 21 ventral

“pegs’’ present. Hind tibiae strongly curved, with tuberculate bristles on the

concave ventral side for the first two-thirds of its length.

Wings (Fig. 5, 4): Strongly brownish, stigma very elongate, brown, not

touching 72,3; this vein curving strongly backwards before stigma. rst M,

rather large, its closure receding somewhat so that lower angle is slightly obtuse,

distal sections of m,,. and m,,, parallel.

Squamae hyaline, with dark edge and fringe. Halteres blackish.

Q. Eyes, when collapsed, seen to be narrowly but distinctly separated on

frons; third antennal segment quite blackish at tip. Darkening of top and back

of thorax less strong than in g, giving the whole a more brownish appearance ;

thoracic bristles weaker. Abdomen short, anal lamellae slender, pubescent.

Only 4 antero-ventral spines apparent on hind femora of allotype, but about

26 ventral ‘“‘pegs’’. Wangs entirely hyaline, the stigma greyish; otherwise as

in male.

Length of body, 4mm.; of wing, 4 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1 g type, I Q allotype,

4 ¢ paratypes ; Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 g paratype; Budongo Forest,

711.1935, I g. A female from Bwamba Pass in. the Ruwenzori Range resembles

that from Kilembe except that the thorax is almost entirely black-and the hind

femora have only 1g ventral “pegs.”

Stenoproctus sylvaticus Becker

Acanthopeza sylvaticus Becker, 1914, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 123.

Stenoproctus sylvaticus Melander, 1927, Gen. Ins. 185: 72.

(Fig. 6)

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Mobuku Valley, 7—-8000 ft., 29-31.x11.34,

I ¢, 1 2; Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 2 9; Mt. Karangora, ggo0 ft., 1 9.

The specimens described below agree in the female sufficiently with Becker's

description to warrant their being treated as conspecific. Becker describes the

thorax of S. sylvaticus as black, the antennae as black with the apical setae

282 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

of same length as third segment, and the apical part of the hind femora as black.

He also says that the eyes are contiguous, the rostrum yellow and perpendicular,

and the palpi yellow—but he may easily have overlooked an extremely narrow

separation of the eyes, while the colour and position of the mouth-parts are

not constant characters.

3. Head: (Missing from Mobuku Valley specimen).

Thorax: Entirely black, shining, serial hairs short and sparse. 1 humeral

bristle, 1 post-humeral, 2 notopleural, I strong pre-scutellar in the dorsocentral

series, and 1 post-alar; scutellum blackish, with 1 pair of strong bristles and

a few much smaller hairs. Pleurae black to very dark brown.

Abdomen: Tergites black with brown tomentum, sternites yellowish.

The long lateral and ventral hairs rather dark. Terminalia with lateral lamellae

large, ventral lamellae clavate, forming a cavity with narrow outlet, only

short hairs protruding from their margin; anal lamellae very small, filiform.

Legs: Yellow, but front tarsi and tibiae brown, middle tarsi distally dark-

ened, distal half of hind femora dark brown, and hind tibiae and tarsi brown.

Pubescence normal, middle tibiae with a pair of small black ventral bristles at

the apex; hind femora (Fig. 6, c) with 2 anterior spines (very small), 4 antero-

ventral and only 3 postero-ventral spines; 16 ventral “‘pegs”’ present in this

specimen. Hind tibiae with rather strong tuberculate bristles on basal half.

Wings: Somewhat brownish, the stigma ovate, not touching 7,5, ending on

wing-margin half-way between 7, and 73,5. rst M,. short and very broad, its

closure not receding, so that the lower angle is a right-angle; distal sections of

m,,,and m,,, Slightly divergent. M broad and large, more than one-and-a-half

times the length of Cu, of which the upper angle is very obtuse and the lower

angle a right-angle.

Halteres and squamae fuscous, the latter with greyish hairs.

9'. Head with eyes extremely narrowly separated, would probably appear

contiguous when not collapsed. Antennae blackish with light tomentum,

third joint considerably elongate and about as long as the arista—including its

terminal hair, which is rather long. Proboscis porrect, brownish, palpi appar-

ently dark with yellow tomentum. Back of head dull black with fairly long

erect hairs. Thorax black, with two very faint brownish streaks. Anal

lamellae long, of greyish appearance. Wings hyaline. Otherwise, as 3.

Stenoproctus serus sp. n.

(Fig. 6)

A small species with thorax and legs rather hairy and greater part of hind

femora black.

1 The female specimen here described has rst MW, open in the left wing, no trace of its

closure remaining. The right wing is normal.

EMPIDIDAE: OCYDROMIINAE 283

3. Head: Eyes touching from above antennae to ocelli; antennae dark,

with pale tomentum; third segment elongate, tapering gradually, longer than

the thickly pubescent arista which terminates in a hair about half its length.

Palpi and proboscis dark brown, porrect, with some dark hairs. Occiput black,

with tomentum and two rows of bristle-like hairs on the sides.

Thorax: Shining black, serial hairs fairly long, 1 humeral bristle present,

I post-humeral, an upper and a lower notopleural, 1 pre-scutellar (terminating

the dorsocentral series), and 1 post-alar. Scutellum blackish brown, with

tomentum and 1 pair of strong bristles besides about 6 lesser setae.

Abdomen: Dark, with brown tomentum; rather lighter below, the long

ventral hairs rather numerous. Abdomen not very long, down-curved, ending

bluntly. Lateral lamellae of terminalia with 2 minute teeth on inner side of

apex; ventral lamellae protruding as far as the lateral, filiform, curved away

from median line, and with a lateral tooth at the base; base of eighth sternite

with strong black hairs.

Legs: All coxae and front and middle femora yellow, distal two-thirds of

hind femora dark, blackish brown, front tibiae brown, tarsi dark brown;

middle tibiae and protarsi yellow, remainder of tarsi darkened; hind tibiae

and tarsi dark brown. Ventral hairs of front femora forming a series, rather

stronger and more upstanding than their dorsal pubescence; middle tibiae

with about 4 dark sub-apical dorsal bristles; dorsal pubescence of hind femora

(Fig. 6, d), rather long, 5 antero-ventral and 4 postero-ventral spines present,

and about 20 ventral “‘pegs’’; no anterior spines observed; hind tibiae with

ventral tuberculate bristles on about their basal two-thirds, the tubercles

progressively diminishing.

Wings: Brownish, stigma oval, lying along costa and 7,, not touching 75,3,

Ist M, not greatly shortened, its distal end rectangular, distal sections of

M,,. and: m,,, slightly divergent. Cu about two-thirds of M, the upper

angle formed by its closure obtuse, the lower angle somewhat acute.

Halteres and squamae blackish, the latter with a long, light brown fringe.

Q. Eyes very narrowly separated on frons. Anal lamellae long, slender,

dark greyish. Wings quite hyaline, stigma greyish brown, oval, ending on costa

about one-third of distance from the end of 7, to that of 7,5.

Length of body, 3 mm.; of wing, 3:2 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Kilembe 4500 ft., xil.1934-1.1935, I ¢ type,

I 9 allotype, I 3, 2 2 paratypes.

284 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

CLINOCERINAE

Rubistella gen. n.

Head: Eyes bare, the facets larger below than above, incision at antennae

distinct. Occiput with a pair of bristles between the paired ocelli and two pairs

of bristles at vertex, close to eyes; otherwise bare but pollinose, not extending

below the eyes. Antennae placed at middle of head, opposite the neck;

their third segment very long, lanceolate, broad at its base and having a two-

jointed style; third segment and first joint of style pubescent, second joint of

style in form of a small bristle. Face rather narrow, narrowest just below the

antennae. Palpi short, free of proboscis. Proboscis short, fleshy, inclined

forwards, the apex of the labellum swollen.

Thorax: Notum not greatly elongate nor lightly arched, but with an anterior

lobe reaching far over the neck. Notum pollinose with 4 rows of very small

setae, acrostichal and dorsocentral; notopleural and one pair of scutellar

bristles present. Humeri prominent, a sharply-defined oval depression just

above them on the notum, and another depression below them on the pleurae.

Pleurae pollinose but without any pubescence, the prosternites short (owing to

lowness of neck on thorax) with a pair of sharp flanges projecting between their

coxae.

Abdomen: Pubescent, most segments with the central area of their tergites

only thinly chitinized and forming in dried specimens (and in life?) a transverse

trough broken by a median knob, this giving the abdomen a distinctive ribbed

appearance. Male terminalia small, erect, enclosed in their lateral lamellae;

female ovipositor chitinous and sharp with a ventral keel.

Legs: Simple, yellowish towards the base in genotype, their pubescence

weak and on coxae and femora very sparse; segments lacking sub-apical bristles.

Empodium and pulvilli minute.

Wings: Alula undeveloped but a slight axillary lobe present. Costa without

basal bristle, becoming very weak on posterior margin, where the fringe is long.

sc not quite reaching costa; 7, ending at two-thirds wing-length, opposite apex

of rst M,. A faint, elongate stigma present. In genotype, 74,; with a long

bell-mouthed fork. M longer than in most Clinocerinae, equal in its total length

to Cu, but beginning and ending beyond it. Cw fairly broad, its closure wholly

and strongly recurrent, convex, its upper angle acute. a@ present but not reaching

wing-margin.

Squamae small, almost bare.

Rubistella is an aberrant genus of the Clinocerinae, and I cannot find that

any close allies to it are known. Boreodromia Coquillett agrees with it in having

small dorsocentral bristles (though it lacks acrostichals), bare eyes, wing-cell

M long, and sc not reaching the costa, but apparently has not the peculiar

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 285

abdominal ridges of Rubistella and shows, moreover, considerable divergences

of chaetoxy and wing-venation.

The genotype, Rubistella mitis sp. n., seems to be widely distributed in the

Forest Zone of East Africa.

Tic. 7.—Rubistella mitis gen. et sp. n., 9. (a) Left antenna, (b) thorax and

abdomen (abdominal pubescence omitted), (c) 9 genitalia from right side, dissected,

(d, e) tergum and sternum respectively, flattened out in mounting, to show

the more or less chitinized portions (stippled) and the non-chitinized portions

(clear). (Various magnifications.)

286 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Rubistella mitis sp. n.

(Figs. 7 and 8)

A small, light-grey species, the male smaller than the female.

3. Head: Probably almost spherical, the eyes large, their lower facets

larger than the upper, incision at antennae acute. Occiput dull blackish,

extending above but not below the eyes, ocellar tubercle slight with a pair of

strong proclinate bristles between and before the paired ocelli; two pairs of

bristles present at sides of vertex, close to the eyes. Frons silky, face whitish-

silky, rather long, slightly narrower above than below. Antennae (Fig. 7, a)

dark, their third segment and style blackish with sparse, pale tomentum, second

segment browner with pale setulae. Palpi very small, contiguous, lying between

eyes and having a single seta. Proboscis yellow, the short fleshy labellum

swollen at its apex and turned forwards close against the eyes.

Thorax (Fig. 7, b): Notum somewhat elongate, widest just before the wings,

greyish-pollinose, with a blackish median stripe, its anterior lobe conspicuously

overhanging the neck; an ochreous oval depression present just above the

humeri. Humeri distinct, pale, with a few fine hairs. Pre-scutellar surface of

notum with shallow, paired depressions. Two rows of acrostichal and two of

dorsocentral bristles present, all very small, the former ending before the

pre-scutellar depressions but the latter continued round their lateral margins.

Two pale, weak notopleural bristles present, the. more anterior being the

smaller, also two or three pre-scutellar bristles. One strong pair of scutellar

bristles and outside these a second, minute pair. Post-scutellar tergite as long

as second segment of abdomen, pollinose. Pleurae bluish-grey, pollinose,

without any pubescence.

Abdomen: Grey with pale pubescence, in dried specimens compressed

dorso-ventrally and short, no longer than the thorax, broadest at the third

segment. Six tergites before the terminalia, tergites 2-6 each having a pair

of shallow, sharply-defined, transverse troughs formed of non-chinized cuticle,

separated by a median dorsal knob or ridge (Fig. 7, d, e); the troughs tapering

away at sides, and in segments 5 and 6 the pairs linked by a transverse dorsal

suture. Sternites somewhat concave, their posterior margins free, their central

portion non-chitinized. Terminalia small, erect, ventral lamellae greyish-brown,

thinly pollinose and pubescent, with a narrow median ridge; lateral lamellae

grey, pubescent, forming a small, erect arch; anal lamellae somewhat proclinate.

Legs: Yellow in basal segments, becoming dark brown in tarsi, with

very short pubescence. All femora with one or two small ventral sub-apical

bristles, those on the front femora being paler than the others. Pulvilli small

and broad, empodium narrow.

Wings (Fig. 8, a): Hyaline, broadest at stigma which is faint and elongate.

Alula undeveloped, axillary lobe very slight, curve of anal angle very slightly

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 287

concave. Costa encompassing wing but weak on posterior margin, its anterior

setulae rather coarse, its posterior fringe long but becoming very sparse on

alular margin. No basal bristle present. / situated just before base of M.

sc becoming evanescent close to costa, just beyond v—m. vy, ending opposite

apex of rst M,. r, weak, rather short, 72,3 almost straight and not touching

stigma, 74,5 foie opposite middle of stigma, the fork bell-mouthed. M reaching

almost as far as RK and further than Cu. rst M, large, longer than 2nd M, and

broadest at the base of its closure, its apex not very narrow. Closure of Cu

convex and strongly recurrent, its anterior angle acute, the closure merging

with a, which is weak and evanescent opposite tip of sc.

Halteres suffused yellow.

Length of body, 2 mm.; of wing, 2°8 mm.

°. Larger than g, length of body in allotype being 2-5 mm., of wing 3°7 mm.

Otherwise as 3, except in abdomen (Fig. 7, b, c, d, e): 7 segments present before

the genital segments, the seventh tergite modified, with rather long marginal

setae, its margin forming an arch. Posterior sternites fused into a horizontal,

brown, chitinous keel, its V-shaped posterior margin having a close white

fringe; within this an ovipositor comprising 2 pairs of small, chitinous erect

lamellae.

Ucanba: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 g type, I 9

allotype. Kigezi district, Mt. Sabinio, 7000 ft., 29.xi.34, 1 3 paratype; Mt.

Mgahinga, 8000 ft., 22-27.xi.34, I 2 paratype.

Kenya: Mt. Elgon, 8500 ft., 19.ii.35, 1 ¢ paratype.

Dolichocephala Macquart

Dolichocephala Macquart, 1823, Mem. Soc. Sc. Lille, 1823: 147. (Monotype: Tachy-

dvomia tvvovata Fallén (1815)).

KEY TO THE KNOWN ETHIOPIAN SPECIES

1. Wings more or less spotted : : : : : ; C : : 2

Wings quite plain. é : ; : : : 3 ; afflicta sp. n.

75 UE ending IN Vo45 : : : ; : : : sparsa Becker

vy, running to wing- margin . c c . : : ¢ : : é 3.

3. Wing- spots separated : 5 . 5 : : 4.

Six wing-spots fused . combinata Becker

4. Anterior coxae yellow; 7.4, not curv ed immediately before adv entitious vein. 5.

Anterior coxae dark brown; 7,;, sharply curved egurey e towards conve just

before adventitious vein : 6.

5. Wings with not more than three distinct spots, of w which ‘the tw oO large st are just

‘below ¥y43; no trace of spots in front of this vein : vayinota sp. 0.

Wings with eight distinct, round spots, and several others less distinct; two

spots at least in front of 7545 . : humanitatis sp. n.

6. Halteres darkly suffused; wing-spots numerous but more or less round, not

greatly extended ; . fuscilanx sp. n.

Halteres pale yellow; most of the anterior - wing- spots ‘much extended, rather

square, thus about half of total wing-area hyaline . - maculatissima, sp. n.

288 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Fic. 8.—Right wings of (a) Rubistella mitis gen. et sp. n., 3, (b) Dolichocephala

maculatissima sp. n., 9, (c) D. humanitatis sp. n., 2, (d) D. fuscilany sp. n., &,

(e) D. vavinota sp n., 9, and (f) D. afflicta sp. n., 2. (Not to scale.)

From the material to hand it is clear that Dolichocephala and its allies are a

successful group in the mountains of East Africa. Of 12 species of Dolichocephala

now known, seven, keyed above, are from this area. In addition there are the

closely related forms with reduced wings, next to be considered.

These additions to the known Dolichocephalae indicate that the wing-

maculation is, by itself, an altogether insufficient character whereby to dis-

tinguish the different species. Not only is it more or less variable within each

species, but the maculation in some of those here described approaches very

closely that of the genotype (D. zvrorata Fallén) and of other European and

American forms. Partly for this reason, it has proved impossible to say with

confidence whether Becker’s two species are represented in the present collec-

tion. In describing D. combinata (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 122) as having

the wings “‘guttis albidis quadratis et rotundis ornatae, quarum sex in alarum

dimudia parte anteriort combinatis,’’ Becker seems to refer to a maculation

similar to that found in D. maculatissima nov. sp.; but it would be rash,

without examining Becker’s type, to conclude that his species was the same as

the one before me. And as for his characterization of D. sparsa (see key above),

it seems quite probable that the species is founded on a freak specimen.

Among points worth noting are, first, that the three specimens taken on

Mt. Kinangop (Aberdare Range, Kenya) represent three different species,

of which only one (D. fuscilanx) is conspecific with the Ruwenzori, Uganda,

material. It may be that the other two Ruwenzori species are of extremely

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 289

restricted distribution. And secondly, that Dolichocephala and its allies are

totally unrepresented in the otherwise rich Empid material from South Africa.

These flies have possibly been overlooked by collectors there, but their presence

in East Africa is more probably an example of the infiltration of Palearctic

forms into this mountainous part of the Ethiopian Region.

Dolichocephala rarinota sp. n.

(Figs. 8 and 9)

A species with yellow front coxae and halteres, the dusky wings marked with

only a few, indistinct spots.

g. Head: Compressed from back to front, but almost circular seen from

in front. Occiput greyish-brown, pollinose with weak bristles-below neck and a

strong transverse post-vertical series above; in front of these, directly behind

ocelli, a group of minute setulae, on either side of which, close to eyes, a single

proclinate bristle; a pair of strong, erect bristles on ocellar triangle, imme-

diately in front of posterior ocelli. Frons very short and broad, pitted above

antennae where it is blackish, greyer at sides. Face greyish pollinose, with a

suture across its lower part, and narrowest at this point. Eyes pubescent,

facets minute above, incision at antennae large but uneven. Antennae blackish,

third segment with slight prominence bearing arista. Face below suture

highly convex to between palpi which are short, broad, pubescent, and in-

cumbent on proboscis; face just meeting cheeks immediately below eyes.

Labellum short, thick, brownish, chitinous and shining.

Thorax: Black with thin grey-brown pollen, a grey patch above the humeral

bristle; pronotum forming distinct “‘collar”, humeri scarcely developed.

Bristles strong, five dorsocentrals, one humeral, post-humeral, notopleural

and post-alar; scutellar pair rather close together. Thoracic sternites iridescent-

bluish-pollinose, prosternite with weak, pale hairs, metapleurae with a few

medium-sized hairs.

Abdomen: Black, subshining, short-haired. Terminalia (Fig. 9, a, 4d)

with an upcurved ventral keel composed of three sternites, having two lateral

groups of setae ; above base of keel a pair of large lobed lamellae with erect

pubescence, penis yellow, broad, its apex curled; dorsal lamellae erect, distinc-

tive in shape, having a somewhat chitinous anterior projection.

Legs: Femora yellowish, especially near base, tibiae brown, tarsi dark

brown. Front coxae bright yellow, other coxae dark, bluish-pollinose. Femora

rather stout, their pubescence sparse, distal segments slender, shortly but

more densely pubescent.

Wings (Fig. 8, e): Grey-brown, yellowish before sc, with two very indistinct

paler blotches in Ry, one in rst M,, and one in M,. Costa with basal bristle.

290 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

75,3 Slightly waved, but remaining parallel to costa until reaching adventitious

cross-vein, 7%4,; waved still more slightly before shortly its fork, thereafter

straight. Basal angle of remaining M, very acute, M very small. Cu rounded,

no trace of a remaining.

Squamae with only about two marginal hairs. Halteres bright yellow.

2. Abdomen: Broad, short, narrowing from sixth segment backwards to

the rather short anal lamellae. Otherwise as male.

Length of body, 2 mm.; of wing, 3 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 g type, I 9

allotype, 8 g, 3 2 paratypes.

Fic. 9.—¢ terminalia and penes of (a, d) Dolichocephala varvinota sp. n., (b, e) D.

fuscilanx sp. n., (c, f) D. affiicta sp. n. (All except c from right side; pubescence

omitted in a and 0.)

Dolichocephaia fuscilanx sp. n.

(Figs. 8 and 9)

Wings with numerous but small spots, halteres blackish, and male genital

segments with large, rolled penis and a remarkable terminal brush of stout

setae.

g. Head: Occiput blackish with paler area behind and _ beside ocelli.

Eye incision at antennae large and sharp, its longer edge parallel with the rows

of eye-facets. Arista of antennae long, hanging down as far as tip of proboscis.

Palpi strongly pubescent.

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 291

Thorax: Having a narrow median stripe of pale grey (ochreous in some

lights), this broadest on the pre-scutellar depression and here edged with black!;

typical of a dorsocentral stripe also visible. Prosternites and metapleurae with

hairs. Bristles typical.

Abdomen: Terminalia (Fig. 9, 6, e) with sternal keel directed backwards,

narrowed at apex where it bears a fan-shaped brush of about eight spines,

black, very broad and strong except near tip where they become fine and

sharp. Penis having at its base a slender, stalk-like projection, apex of

penis prominent, slender and curled, dark brown, the tip of its sheath swollen

and toothed. Before the penis a pair of large, shallow black lamellae with

erect hairs, forming a fringed dorsal cup. Anal lamellae very small, hidden.

Legs: Femora yellow, tibiae yellowish brown, tarsi darker brown; pube-

scence short, on femora sparse. Front coxae yellowish brown on medial surface,

but dusted with greyish and having pale hairs on antero-lateral surface, in

addition to the usual sub-apical bristles; other coxae pollinose.

Wings (Fig. 8, d): Relatively rather narrow. Grey-brown, with about 20

small, pale spots, all more or less indistinct; sc and base of 7, suffused with

yellow; 72,3 Somewhat wavy, diverging from costa before meeting adventitious

cross-vein, and gently concave in this region. 7,,, slightly wavy before fork

and 7, after fork. Adventitious cross-vein very short. zst M, distinctly longer

than 2nd M,; Cu shghtly angular, but no trace of a present.

Squamae with two or three hairs. Halteres suffused dark grey.

The type described above is from Namwamba Valley. The second male,

from Mt. Kinangop (Kenya), has the front coxae even darker and the wing-

spots more distinct.

2. As male except for abdomen, which is normal, and front coxae, which

are darker than in type specimen.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 3:2 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, Bamboo Zone, 8300 ft.,

I 9 type, I 9 allotype, 1 2 paratype; Bwamba Pass, West Side, 5500-7500 ft.,

I Q paratype.

Kenya: Aberdare Range, Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft., x.34, I g paratype.

Dolichocephala humanitatis sp. n.

(Fig. 8)

Species with venation not very wavy and wing-spots small but numerous,

stump of anal vein present; halteres and front coxae yellow.

1 As usualin this subfamily, the pollen shows differently from different angles—ochreous,

grey, or not at all (black). On the dome of the thorax it is probably all of the same colour,

but is laid down in a different direction on the median strip, thus producing an apparent

contrast of colour. The ‘‘colours’’? mentioned in the description must not be taken as

reliable characters.

292 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

2. Head: Typical, the occiput dark grey-brown, spinules behind ocellar

triangle forming two longitudinal series; occiput not banded or striped except

for a small patch behind these spinules. Incision of eyes at antennae large and

even. Arista reaching down as far as tip of proboscis. Lower part of face highly

arched. Palpi pubescent, likewise base of proboscis beneath.

Thorax: Dark grey-brown, median stripe faint, visible only on anterior

part, pre-scutellar depression very slight. Bristles strong. A few medium

hairs on metapleural.

Abdomen: Pubescence very short except on last segments. Anal lamellae

short, broad, their inner margins diverging, their outer margins parallel.

Legs: Front coxae yellow with only slightest traces of pollen, weakly

pubescent, but the sub-apical bristles long. Legs slender, femora yellow, tibiae

darker, tarsi dark brown. Middle femora with fairly strong sub-apical ventral

bristles.

Wings (Fig. 8, c): the broad, anterior fringe rather long near base, basal

bristle strong. Ground-colour rather evenly brown, about 15 spots present,

mostly small and round, not touching the veins; the two largest spots in Rs, but

traces of two spots present in front of 72,5. 79,3 and 74,; slightly distorted

opposite largest spots, fork of latter strongly angular (7, at first almost transverse).

2nd M, quite as long as rst M,. Cu truncate, showing very short stump of a.

Squamae with about three dark hairs. Halteres bright yellow.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 3-5 mm.

Kenya: Aberdare Range, Mt. Kinangop, 9900 ft., x.1934, I 9 type.

Dolichocephala maculatissima sp. n.

(Fig. 8)

Species with very ornate wings, some cells being quite hyaline, 2nd M,

rather blunt at its basal angle. Halteres yellow but front coxae darkened.

2. Head: Yomentum of occiput greenish-iridescent, without markings

except on frons, where a median depressed area appears bare and black, with

irregular lateral margins. Face with a bare-looking blackish median stripe,

reaching from antennae to the transverse suture. Incision of eyes at antennae

large and regular. Bristles of occiput large and strong, but post-ocellar setulae

very small. Antennae with dark tomentum, arista long. Ventral pubescence

of occiput and of proboscis, also that of palpi, rather conspicuous.

Thorax: Median stripe complete, broadening suddenly in pre-scutellar

depression. Bristles strong and black, especially the anterior notopleural.

Pleurae bluish-iridescent, metapleurae with a few hairs.

Abdomen: Anal lamellae small and narrow, their outer margins converging.

Legs: Front coxae sparingly darkened with pollen so that yellowish brown

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 293

surface shows through, and with pale, weak anterior pubescence. Front femora

rather stout, others less so, the sub-apical anterior comb on front femora long,

dark at roots but yellow at apex. All femora yellow, tibiae and protarsi also

yellowish, remaining segments of tarsi browner. Pubescence normal.

Wings (Fig. 8, 6): Region of Sc yellow, rest of wings in front of 7,,, sharply

differentiated into alternating dark brown and hyaline areas of almost equal

extent. &,; almost entirely hyaline, and remainder of wing more weakly clouded

and maculated. Costa anteriorly strongly convex at widest part of wing, 75,

diverging from it at this point. 7,,; and m,,, somewhat wavy. rst M,

longer than M,; 2nd M, rather wide.

Squamae with about three hairs. Halteres bright yellow.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 3°5 mm.

Kenya: Aberdare Range, Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft., x.1934, 1 9 type;

Mt. Elgon, Heath zone, 10,500—11,500 ft., 11.1935, I 2 paratype.

Dolichocephala afflicta sp. n.

(Figs. 8 and 9)

Species having plain brown wings with straight veins, and darkened legs.

6. Head: Occiput blackish, without markings. About four proclinate

spinules behind ocelli, one rather weak supra-ocular bristle and the usual

post-vertical series of which the two most medial pairs stand erect above the

head. Ocellar setae about as strong as thoracic dorsocentrals; ocellar triangle

scarcely raised. Eyes brown, incision at antennae acute. Antennae contiguous

at base, blackish, arista relatively short, not reaching down as far as proboscis,

its basal half rather thick. No transverse suture visible between upper part of

face and lower, beaked part. Palpi black, pubescent, converging, resting on

proboscis.

Thorax: Blackish, with no distinct markings. Prothorax sharply divided

from notum, with median depression in its anterior margin. Pre-scutellar

depression distinct. Notal bristles strong, but rather less so than in other

species of the genus; post-alar bristle small. Pleurae grey-blue, iridescent

below. Metapleurae with a few ahirs.

Abdomen (Fig. 9, c, f): Blackish grey, short-haired, six tergites visible

before the terminalia. Ventral keel upcurved, with erect, tapering tip,

almost devoid of posterior hairs, pollinose except at extreme tip; immediately

behind sixth tergite a pair of long, proclinate, black-edged lamellae, behind

these the fairly large, semi-circular, side lamellae with strong, erect fringe;

penis normally concealed, but long and slender, yellow, attached to tip of keel.

Legs: Dingy yellowish brown, distally dark brown, all segments dusted

with greyish in addition to usual short pubescence, Front coxae rather con-

spicuously pubescent.

204 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Wings (Fig. 8, f): Uniformly grey-brown, veins heavy and not at all wavy.

¥o,, evenly convex until meeting adventitious cross-vein, apical section

straight and rather long. Apex of 7, scarcely upcurved. rst M, broadly trun-

cate, slightly longer than 2nd M,. M, long, acute at base. Tip-of Cu rather

angular.

Squamae with one or two hairs. Halteres bright yellow, thick-stalked and

long, with at least one small dorsal hair half-way from base to tip.

Q. Pleurae not highly iridescent. Anal lamellae rather large, yellowish

and divergent, with short pubescence; last sternite forming a sharp median keel.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 3 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley (7 of the specimens labelled

“10,200 ft.’’—1.e. Lower Heath zone), 1 gj type, 1 2 allotype, 8 3g, 2 9 paratypes.

Fur gen. n.

Dolichocephala-hke, black flies, but with wings reduced to fine, dark blades

with only one longitudinal vein visible. Head oval, compressed from back to

front, attached high up on occiput. Antennae with arista not much longer than

the three basal segments together. Division between upper and lower part of

face ill-defined, face rather broad. Occipital and thoracic bristles strong, distri-

buted as in Dolichocephala. Scutellar pair rather far apart, scutellum somewhat

angular, narrow. Humeri small but distinct. Post-scutellar area short. Meta-

pleurae bare. Abdomen short and very broad, shining black but thinly pollinose

and with regularly-spaced short black hairs. Male terminalia tall, longi-

tudinally compressed, abdomen thus ending abruptly. Legs black, with thin

tomentum, femora rather thick, especially the hind pair, pubescence short.

Wings little longer than abdomen, and narrower than the femora, sharp-

pointed, dark brown; costa heavy with strong basal bristle and very short,

inclined fringe before and behind; a singie longitudinal vein visible on basal half.

Halteres short and black without distinct stalk.

Type: Fur fugitivus sp. n.

Fur fugitivus sp. n.

(Figs. 10, Ir and 13)

Small pollinose species, wholly black or blackish, with reduced wings

useless for flying.

3d. Head (Fig. 10, a and b): Head in side-view, and eyes, oval, the eyes

black, pubescent, facets larger above than below. Occiput thickly pollinose,

weakly pubescent below, blackish brown, with a transverse series of post-vertical

bristles of which six are dorsal and erect, one supra-ocular bristle as strong as

they, and a median group of small proclinate bristles behind the ocelli; ocellar

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 295

triangle slightly raised with, in front of posterior ocelli, a pair of bristles as strong

as the dorsocentral thoracic bristles. Frons very short, face broad even at

narrowest point, both with tomentum; lower part of face arched but not acutely

so except at oral margin. Incision of eyes large, black, and continued down-

wards as a bare black stripe at sides of face. Antennae blackish, tomentose,

their three basal segments short, the third as broad as long, its dorsal side slightly

“Lx,

Fic. 10.—Fur fugitivus gen. et sp. n., g. (a) Contours of head and body, from

above; (b) Head, from right side.

concave; arista rather thick at base, only slightly longer than basal segments

together. Whole of antennae about as long as face. Palpi curving round the

oval margin of face, pubescent, and resting on the very short, blunt, rather

rounded proboscis.

Thorax (Fig. 10, a): Black with sparse ochreous dust, somewhat shining;

rather broad, sides convex as seen from above, humeri distinct but small.

No flattened or depressed area at back of thorax; scutellum separated by deep

suture, but at sides connected with notum by a folded raised ridge; scutellum

itself transversely narrow but longitudinally broad, its surface very convex and

its margin somewhat angular with the pair of bristles placed at the angles, rather

far apart. Other thoracic bristles strong, mostly about as long as arista of

antennae, consisting of five dorsocentrals, one humeral, post-humeral and

296 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

notopleural, and a smaller pre-scutellar. Pleurae blackish with more or less

variegated pollen, appearing ochreous and pale grey in parts. Metapleurae bare.

Abdomen (Fig. 10, a): Short, broad, blackish, tomentose and shortly pu-

bescent; terminally very high and truncate, six tergites visible before the

terminalia, which latter (Fig. 13, c), have a short, boat-shaped ventral keel with

weak ventral pubescence; penis slender, erect and yellowish except at its

apex, which is flattened, blackish and turned backwards; lateral lamellae

having strong apical bristles, upper lamellae erect, tomentose, more or less

overhung by sixth tergite, and enveloping apex of penis.

Legs: Wholly blackish, all femora rather stout dorso-ventrally, tibiae

only moderately long and slender, pubescence short. Coxae densely and femora

thinly pollinose, front coxae with anterior pubescence. Femora with small

ventral, sub-apical bristles, most evident on middle femora.

Wings (Fig. 11, a): Reduced to narrow, dark blades, about as wide (at

widest point, near base) as distance between the scutellar bristles. Costa very

thick on front and hind margins, with short, inclined fringe on both. A strong

basal bristle present. One longitudinal vein visible on basal half, then fading

out, distinctly double and bent near base, forming a basal cell, the vein probably

representing 7-+-m.

Squamae very small, without fringe. Halteres shaped like a willow-leaf,

tomentose, rather shorter than the thoracic bristles.

©. As male, but thoracic bristles perhaps rather shorter. Abdomen tapering

rather abruptly, modified from eighth segment onwards, the tergites and sternites

forming a bluntly conical ovipositor in apex of which lie the small anal lamellae.

Length of body, 2-3-5 mm.; of wing, 1-5-2 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, Alpine zone, 13-14,000 ft.,

I g type, 1 2 allotype, 3 g, 10 2 paratypes (F.W.E.); Nyamgasani Valley,

14-15,000 ft., I g paratype (D. R. Buxton).

Some specimens are considerably larger than the type and allotype, with a

tendency to a blacker, more oily and less pollinose appearance. In the larger

females the “ovipositor’’ is sometimes inclined upwards instead of being hori-

zontal, and the larger males seem to have the erect genital lamellae farther

removed from the sixth tergite. I can, however, see no constant character

on which to base a second, distinct species, and think it advisable to treat

the available material as a single species for the present. The variability in

the apparent consistency of the occiput and thorax is probably due to the

state of preservation of the flies.

Obstinocephala gen. n.

Flies with wings reduced but white-spotted, and neck attachment not high

up on the occiput. Occiput thickly pollinose, ochreous, with several fine

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 297

bristles immediately above the eyes. Eyes black, pubescent, nearly round,

incision at antennae obtuse. Third segment of antennae as broad as long,

shortly tapering but not onion-shaped; arista not longer than basal segments

together. Face very broad, sharply incurved below. Proboscis very short

and rounded, not forming a tapering extension of the head. Neck slightly

above level of middle of eyes. Thorax fairly long and broad, prothorax sharply

separated from notum, humeri well developed, scutellum thick, convex. Pleurae

Fig. 11.—Right wings of (a) Fur fugitivus gen. et sp. n. 3, (b) Obstinocephala

tali gen. et sp. n., 9, and (c) Wiedemannia veducta sp. n., 3.

blackish brown, prosternite about as broad as long. Tomentum of thorax

thick, bristles strong, typically Clinocerine. Metapleurae with hairs. Female

abdomen short with dense brown pollen and short, regular pubescence. Legs

dark, femora slightly thickened; pubescence short; empodium and _ pulvilli

well developed but latter not as long as claws. Wings reduced, in genotype

dark brown with two white spots, and about as broad as scutellum ; several longi-

tudinal veins present, m, and mz, distinct, also rst M,. Vein to apex of wing

(=~7,?) unforked. Squamae small, dark, short-stalked.

Type: Obstinocephala tali sp. n.

298 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Obstinocephala tali sp. n.

(Fig. 11)

Species having brown tomentose thorax and abdomen, and wings reduced,

with two white spots.

©. Head: Eyes black, pubescent, anterior margin more rounded than

posterior. Incision at antennae very obtuse. Head (when eyes not collapsed)

quite as broad as it is high, vertex broad and flat, not rising above eyes. Occiput

with close brownish tomentum, a transverse series of about 12 post-vertical

bristles above level of neck, about 4 smaller bristles just above each eye, and

a few post-ocellar setulae. Ocellar triangle highly tomentose, somewhat

raised, with the usual pair of erect bristles in front of posterior ocelli. Back of

occiput with numerous pale hairs. Face very broad with brownish tomentum,

sharply incurved at the oral end, forming a hump above proboscis but free

of it and of the palpi. Antennae blackish, tomentose, third segment abruptly

tapering from ventral side but not at all drawn-out, arista fairly thick and held

almost straight, slightly shorter than the longest thoracic bristles. Palpi

small, dark, pubescent, not converging. Proboscis semicircular, projecting

forwards as far as face.

Thorax: Blackish, with a broad, irregular median brown stripe. Pro-

thorax low but distinct, humeri rather large; a slight pre-scutellar depression

present; scutellum well-rounded and convex, abbreviated at sides, post-

scutellar region short. Bristles strong, comprising 4 dorsocentrals, 1 humeral,

post-humeral, notopleural, and pre-scutellar, the last nearly as strong as the

others; scutellar pair fairly wide apart; about 4 minute acrostichals present

just above prothorax. Pleurae greyish-brown, tomentose; prosternite as broad

as long, greenish, with some slight transverse creases or folds, and a few weak

hairs at sides. Metapleurae with group of medium and small hairs.

Abdomen: Broad, brown, closely pollinose, covered with neatly-spaced,

black setulae; after sixth tergite, diminishing abruptly and sides converging

to form vertical fold above anal lamellae, which are small, divergent, and placed

low down.

Legs: Simple, dark brown to blackish, short-haired. Front coxae con-

spicuously pubescent. Femora rather thick. Empodium_ well-developed,

pulvilli present but reduced.

Wings (Fig. 11, 6): Reduced, dusky brown witha white spot in RF, and another

in rst M,. Costa thickest in front, with short fringe, but this scarcely evident

on posterior margin; basal bristle present. Sub-costal vein visible, also com-

plete vein to wing-apex (probably ,), unforked; m, and m, complete, lower

angle of zst M, coinciding with costa. Basal cells not clear.

Squamae bare. Halteres small, tomentose, with wide stalk.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 1-8 mm.

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 299

Ucanpa: Ruwenzori Range, Nyamgasani Valley, 14—15,000 ft., r 9 type,

I @ paratype (D. k. Buxton); Namwamba Valley, 13,500 ft., 1 9 paratype

(E. G. Gibbins).

Clinocera Meigen

Clinocera Meigen, 1803, Illiger. Mag. Ins, 2: 271 (1803). (Type: C. nigva Mg., the only

species mentioned in the original description.)

Kowarzia Mik, 1881, Verh. Zool.-bot. Ges. Wien, 31: 325 (1881). (Type of subgenus:

K. barbatula Mik, by designation of Coquillett, 1903.)

Chinocera (Kowarzia) chaniae sp. n.

(Fig. 12)

Species with long, curving arista, black median stripe on front of thorax,

yellowish pleurae and yellow legs.

9. Head (Fig. 12, a): Somewhat diamond-shaped in profile, ocelli at vertex

and face angular; viewed full-face, as broad as it is high. Eyes large, reddish,

pubescent and nearly circular, incision at antennae small and uneven. One pair

of slender bristles present on ocellar triangle, more median and anterior than

the paired ocelli, and a single pair of supra-ocular bristles inclined outwards, both

these pairs much longer than the ring of post-vertical bristles, only one pair of

which are more median than the supra-ocular pair. Occiput dark grey, slightly

depressed behind the raised ocellar triangle, with a blackish median area on frons.

Antennae attached high up, blackish, third segment pubescent, bluntly conical

but not produced at tip, arista long and slender, its first segment indistinct.

Face light grey, upper part darker at sides and with lateral folds running near

margin of eyes: a vertical series of minute hairs present on these folds and lower

down a pair of larger hairs, about as strong as those on occiput level with neck;

lower margin of face with median A-shaped incision, extending at sides to bases

of palpi which are level with lower margin of eyes. Palpi small, curvi-linear,

pubescent. Base of proboscis light brown above, remainder blackish, upper

plate angular, lips rounded. Neck level with middle of eyes.

Thorax: Dingy grey with median black stripe on anterior half sharply

edged with pale grey. Prothorax visible, transversely narrow, only half width

of thorax at humeri; scutellum small, angular at bristles, post-scutellar region

highly convex, falling away vertically at sides above metapleurae. Bristles

very long, black (pale at tip), comprising 5 dorsocentrals, 1 humeral (shorter),

1 post-humeral 2 notopleural (the lower quite small), 1 pre-scutellar, and I pair

of scutellar (these as long as halteres). Pleurae greyish-yellow, prosternite

short with transverse depression; metapleural hairs long and fine.

Abdomen: Grey, slightly yellowish below, pubescence short and black, neat.

300 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Segments from eighth backwards forming conical ovipositor, anal lamellae short,

pale and pointed.

Legs: Coxae and femora yellow, pubescence black, tibiae and tarsi grey to

dark grey. Front coxae pubescent, half as long as their femora, front femora

with anterior sub-apical ‘“‘comb” of setulae. Empodium long and stalked,

pulvilli short and linear.

Wings: Hyaline, without stigma or spots, the margin very slightly concave

at position of anal angle, where a@ approaches very close to wing-margin.

Anterior costal setulae no longer than accompanying fringe. Fork of 74,5;

long and narrow, not angular. rst M, rather blunt at tip, shorter than 2nd M,

Tip of Cu rounded, with fairly long stump of a beyond it.

Squamae very small, only one hair visible. Halteres large, yellow at base

then becoming dark grey, distinct constriction present near base.

Length of body, 2:2 mm.; of wing, 2-8 mm.

Kenya: Chania Falls, 4000 ft., x.1934, I 9 type.

Clinocera (Kowarzia) thompsoni sp. n.

Species with thorax black with two thin grey stripes, pleurae and legs dark.

2°. Head: Broad as seen from in front, in profile face only slightly angled.

Eyes pubescent (the facets silvery in the dried type), incision at antennae obtuse

and irregular. Occiput sooty black above, ocellar triangle placed at vertex and

raised. Supra-ocular bristles rather smaller than ocellar pair. Third antennal

segment bluntly conical with pale pubescence, arista about half as long again

as basal segments together. Face long, dark grey, edged with black up to and

including eye incision; without lateral folds, but some short hairs present on

upper part and a larger pair just below middle; lower part raised in a median

vertical ridge flanked by a linear incision. Palpi somewhat flattened, pubescent,

proboscis black, rounded and held obliquely forwards; oral margin of occiput

steel-grey, slanting downwards well below eyes. Neck level with middle of eyes.

Thorax: Very highly arched in front, 7.e. head, neck, prothorax and humeri

placed very low in relation to dome of notum, even the tip of the ocellar bristles

being well below level of top of thorax. Notum sooty-black with two sharp,

narrow grey stripes on anterior half, just inside dorsocentral series. Scutelluim

transversely narrow, angled at apex rather than at bristles; post-scutellar

region large, convex, falling away behind and at sides. Bristles long and black,

comprising 5 dorsocentrals, 1 humeral (shorter), 1 post-humeral, 2 notopleural

(the lower equal to the humeral), 1 pre-scutellar, and a pair of scutellar. Pleurae

blackish grey, prosternite lighter and somewhat bluish. Metapleural hairs long.

Abdomen: Blackish, setulae sparse, longest near hind-margins of segments.

Anal lamellae small, brownish.

Legs: Coxae and femora dark brown, dusted with blackish, tibiae and tarsi

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 301

blackish. Front coxae with conspicuous black pubescence besides numerous

sub-apical hairs. Distal half of front femora tapering, the sub-apical anterior

comb black and distinct. Claws large, empodium and pulvilli alike linear and

rather long.

Wings: Rather smoky, without stigma or spots. Anterior setulae continued

nearly to apex, stout, but no longer than fringe. Fork of 7,,; very narrow.

Apex of rst M, blunt, distal sections of m,, mand mz, ,, long and nearly straight.

Stump of a beyond Cu present, fairly long.

Squamae with at least two long hairs. Halteres as in preceding species, 7.¢.

yellow at base and constricted near it, blackish at apex.

ength of body, 2°8mm.; of wing, 3°5 mm.

Kenya: Aberdare Range, Thompson’s Falls, 7000 ft., 6.111.1935, I 9 type.

Fic. 12.—(a) Clinoceva chaniae sp. 0., ®, head from left side, (0) Wiedemannia

submarina sp. n., 3, left side of head.

Wiedemannia Zetterstedt

Wiedemannia Zetterstedt, 1833, Resa genom Umea Lappmarker i Vesterbottens Lan:

207 (1833). Fauna Ins. Lappon.: 559 (1838). (Type: Heleodromia bistigma Curtis, 1834, by

designation of Melander, 1927.)

I am indebted to Mr. R. L. Coe for calling my attention to Zetterstedt’s

reference in 1833 to a new genus Wiedemannia which he proposed to erect near

Clinocera: this has been widely overlooked, and Wiedemannia Zetterstedt

has in consequence been thought to date from 1838, the year in which Meigen

also suggested this name for a different genus. Melander (Gen. Ins. 185: 240)

RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

overlooks both the 1833 reference ‘and Gistl’s re-naming of both the W7ede-

mannia’s (Hand. Naturg. 1850: 501), but treats Wiedemannia Zetterstedt

1838 as valid on the ground that Wiedemannia Meigen 1838 is a synonym

of Mintho Desvoidy. It seems justifiable to treat Wredemannia Zetterstedt as

dating from 1833, by doing which we establish beyond question the priority of

this name.

The two species which follow exhibit the typical face of Wiedemanmnia, but

are not among those species in which the face extends a great distance below

the eyes. They thus belong to the Chamaedtpsia-Philolutra group, but I think

it inadvisable to assign them to any particular subgenus if only because these

divisions are based, as Melander acknowledges (Gen. Ins. 185: 242), on artificial

combinations of characters to which the species included in them do not always

conform. Both these species occur at high levels, where they appear to be

extremely localized.

Wiedemannia submarina sp. n.

(Figs. 12 and 13)

Large species with steely pleurae and venter, face short, its oval margin

deeply cleft and protruding, prosternite with three bristles.

6. Head (Fig. 12, 6): Eyes slightly oval, strongly pubescent, black;

incision at antennae large, obtuse. Occiput broad at vertex, its posterior

profile pear-shaped, with heavy tomentum, blackish above and steely below.

Post-vertical bristles and hairs numerous, not long. Ocellar triangle sharply

raised, pubescent. Frons and three basal segments of antennae black, third

segment broad, onion-shaped, with slight whitish tomentum. Arista dull

brown, blunt, about as long as basal segments together. Face grey, as broad

as each eye viewed from in front, its upper part flat and plain; lower part

raised in a median blackish fold which surrounds a deep, rectangular incision

in the oral margin; at sides a steel-grey area extending to lateral incision

which runs from base of palpi forwards and upwards; the “‘isthmus’’ between

this incision and the eyes, blackish. Palpi large, slightly curved, with brownish

tomentum and bristly black pubescence. Proboscis blackish.

Thorax: Sooty-black, median strip rather paler, humeri light grey, post-alar

calli and scutellum brown. Notum rather highly arched, the transverse

suture forming a large indentation at sides, scutellum rounded, metathorax

visible from above as narrow fold. Prothoracic collar having stout setulae,

about 6 rather reclinate minute acrostichals present on front of notum, 5

macro-dorsocentrals present but rather weak except for the fifth, a few very

small intermediate setulae between them; 1 bristle and 2 or 3 setulae on

humeri, some post-humeral setulae, 3 notopleural bristles, 1 pre-scutellar and

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE 303

t post-alar; scutellum with 1 pair of macro-setae, a second pair about half as

long, lateral to the former, and about 10 small setulae. Pleurae steel-grey,

prosternum with 3 long bristles at lateral angles, metapleurae with large group

of black hairs.

Abdomen (Fig. 13, c): Blackish grey above and on sides, pale steely grey

below. Pubescence short, black. Seventh and eighth sternites little modified

but longer and more densely pubescent than preceding sternites, ninth modified

into soft, rounded keel with grey-brown tomentum, from apex of which the

brown, chitinous penis leads horizontally forwards. Remaining terminal

sclerites consisting of low lateral folds with long, bristle-like pubescence, and

erect dorsal lamellae, shortly pubescent, overlapping medianly, their tips

curving forwards.

Legs: Coxae steely grey, thickly pubescent in parts, front coxae with a

strong anterior bristle at middle. Remainder of legs blackish grey, pubescence

short, no distinct comb of setulae on front femora but front tibiae with close

anterior comb at apex. Distal half of hind tibiae with a number of thick ventral

spines. Tarsi with sharp dorsal “heel” at apex. Empodium large, pulvilli

withered.

Wings: Greyish, basal costal area brown, costal setulae small. Stigma

very elongate, indistinct. End of rst M, fairly sharp.

Squamae with long fringe. Halteres greyish, stalks black, but yellow at base.

9. Tip of abdomen drawn out into conical ovipositor, the anal lamellae

short, yellowish. Otherwise as 3.

Length of body, 5-5 mm.; of wing, 6-3 mm.

Ucanpa: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 10,200 ft., Lower Heath

zone, I ¢ type, I ¥ allotype, 3 g, 16 2 paratypes.

Wiedemannia reducta sp. n.

(Figs. 11 and 13)

Species with wings reduced but retaining much of typical venation, 75,3

interrupted in the middle. Scutellum setulose.

g. Head: Eyes rather small, black, nearly circular; incision at antennae

distinct, right-angled. Occiput tomentose, brownish above to steely and whitish

grey below, with black setae and many setulae above and below. Antennae

black, third segment onion-shaped, arista rather thick, blunt. Face broad, light

grey, very slightly raised in median line; in profile, angled at top of large in-

cision in oral margin, and this margin light grey both above and below lateral

suture. Face and occiput extending only short distance below eyes, occiput

with some strong setae near the mouth. Palpi large, pubescent.

Thorax: Front half of notum sooty-black but with grey-brown median

304 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

band enclosing darker median band, which broadens out behind. Prothoracic

collar with about 2 pairs of setae; about 4 minute reclinate acrostichals present

opposite humeri; dorsocentral setae, numbering 5, not strictly paired, with a

few setulae between, humeri with 1 seat and about 3 setulae, 3 notopleural

setae present and I on post-alar calli, scutellum with 1 pair of setae and about

ro scattered setulae. Pleurae steel-grey, prosternite with 2 large lateral setae

and about 4 smaller ones above them; metapleural hairs few and weak.

Abdomen (Fig. 13, 6): Dark brown above, light grey at sides and below.

Fic. 13.—¢ terminalia of (a) Fur fugitivus gen. et. sp. n., (b) Wiedemannia

yeducta sp. n. and (c) W. submarina sp. n. (Pubescence omitted in b and c.)

«6

All sternites sharply “‘dislocated”’ from their tergites and directed downwards

at an angle, towards the terminal rounded keel which is tomentose and shortly

pubescent. Base of penis curved inside keel, running into pubescent lateral folds

and then between the bilobed dorsal lamellae, of which the posterior lobe is

larger and densely pubescent at margin. Coil of penis exposed just above these

lamellae. Terminalia as a whole very tall and truncate.

Legs: Dark to blackish grey, pubescence black. Coxae steel-grey, front

pair with bristly anterior pubescence including two macrochaetae on distal half.

EMPIDIDAE: CLINOCERINAE

Fic. 14.—Drymodronia gahinga sp. n., 3.

305

306 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Front femora without apical bristles or comb, but front tibiae with brownish

comb on anterior side of apex. Some ventral spines present on distal part of

hind tibiae, but these small, not protruding much farther than pubescence.

Tarsi with apical spur, empodium as long as’ claws, pulvilli rather shorter.

Wings (Fig. 11, c): Reduced to brown blades rounded at tip, as broad at

widest point (apex of Cw) as the thorax. Anterior margin with several distinct

setulae on apical half, besides basal bristle; posterior fringe as long as anterior,

but weaker. sc present, ending in margin, also 7,; basal section of 7,,, present,

the vein then interrupted for a shorter or longer distance and resumed near its

apex; 74,, Strong, running to apex of wing and narrowly forked, thus 7, and 7;

reaching margin separately; m,,,5 fused with 7,,, from near base to near apex

ot rst M,, but beyond its closure distinct from 7,,,;, and then forked, thus m,

and m, separate. M complete, starting nearly at middle of the long Cu with

narrowly rounded end; no trace of a beyond Cu.

Squamae shrivelled, with about 5 hairs. Halteres blackish, tomentose, rod-

like and fairly long.

2. QOvipositor laterally compressed, anal lamellae rather large, pointed,

with pale pubescence below.

Length of body, 3-2 mm.; of wing, 3 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Nyamgasani Valley, 14-15,000 ft., Alpine

zone, I ¢ type, I 9 allotype, 2 g, 2 2 paratypes (D. R. Buxton).

HEMERODROMIINAE

Drymodromia Becker

Drymodromia Becker, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83: 121 (1914); Voyage de Ch. Alluaud et

R. Jeannel en Afr. Orientale, V, 1: 151 (Paris, 1915). (Type: D. jeanneli Becker—his only

species.)

The following is a re-description of the genus, based on both sexes, but on

species other than the genotype. Becker knew only the female.

Head: Oval in profile, attached low down on occiput which is pubescent

and concave below, eyes oval, leaving an expanse of occiput exposed behind,

face with tufted white pubescence, proboscis short, fleshy at sides and base, but

sharp and chitinous at tip. Antennae with basal segment distinct, the third

shortly conical, arista longer than this segment, pubescent, with apical hair.

Eyes well separated on frons but sub-contiguous shortly below antennae.

Thorax: Typically yellow with black lateral areas before and behind base of

wings. Thin tomentum present, and at least two pairs of strong bristles, one

being notopleural and the other directly above it in dorsocentral series; scu-

tellum without strong bristles. Metapleurae with bristly hairs.

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE 307

Abdomen: In @ short, terminalia erect with complex lancets reflexed

over more than half length of abdomen. In Q, longer, tapering, with chitinous

ovipositor, anal lamellae very long and slender.

Legs: Yellow, tarsi darkened, front coxae more than half as long as femora,

front femora somewhat thickened with row of peg-like ventral spinules and

very strong, black postero-ventral spines of varying length; front tibiae with

similar spinules and small spines. Middle femora of $ with a short row of postero-

ventral spines beyond middle. Hind tibiae in. both sexes with thickened apical

hairs on ventral side, adjoined by a posterior “‘comb”’ of hairs, attached longi-

tudinally.

Wings: Broad, but entirely without anal angle. No stigma present. In 3,

with a large, wart-like swelling on vein cu, between cells M and Cu. Vein sc

weak, incomplete, / present, 7, short, 7,,3 reaching margin at about two-thirds

length of wing; 7,,; forked, its pedicel short, rst MM, complete, short and broad,

sending to margin three veins or else two of which m,,. is forked. m,,. fused

at base of rst M, with 7,,,;, thus v-m missing; basal section of m, between

R and M, evanescent. Cu complete, very large and especially broad in 2,

its closure more or less rectangular, a reaching margin; in 3, costa apparently

ending at this point but probably fusing with a and thus leaving the margin for

posterior basal section.

As known at present, this remarkable sexually dimorphic genus is exclusively

Ethiopian, the species here described being the first since D. jeanneli was

described by Becker, and the genus founded on it. Undescribed material in the

British Museum includes congeneric specimens from Cape Province and

Rhodesia, though these differ somewhat from the East African species, notably

in having the thoraces black and more bristly. The species appear mostly to be

common but restricted in habitat, and show considerable inter-specific varia-

tion; evolution is probably active in the genus.

Melander, in his key to Hemerodromiinae, places Dryymodyomia in his group

“‘Hemerodromia s. latiss.”” whereas it is clearly more closely allied to Chelipoda

Macquart. The long arista, hairy metapleurae, and reflexed genital lamellae,

are among the characters which indicate this relationship.

KEY TO KNOWN SPECIES OF GENUS DRYMODROMIA

1. rst M, sending three veins to wing-margin

rst M, emitting two veins, M, being stalked : : : : ; ; 7

2. Proboscis black. A pro-thoracic bristle present. : : . jeanneli Becker

Proboscis yellow. No pro-thoracic bristle. : : 2 A selicosta sp. N.

3. Arista black. Base of Cu in g somewhat rounded and its closure convex or

straight : 3 : : : : : : ‘ gahinga sp. 0.

Arista yellow. Base of Cu in 3 acute-angled and its closure concave pluyabella sp. n.

308 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Drymodromia seticosta sp. n.

(Fig. 15)

rst M, sending three veins to margin, closure of Cu in g convex. No thoracic

bristles anterior to the meso-discal and notopleural pairs.

3d. Head: Held obliquely, slightly longer from back to face than from

vertex to base of occiput. Eyes red-brown, oval, but with their postero-

ventral margin somewhat concave. Occiput likewise concave in profile below

neck, well-arched above, black, shining round eyes, at vertex and on frons, but

otherwise tomentose; post-vertical bristles small, but two pairs rather larger,

pubescence below pale and erect. Ocelli red, rather large, the triangle slightly

raised, tomentose, with pair of large bristles before posterior ocelli. Antennae

placed well above middle of head, pubescent, fuscous brown including

arista; basal segments very distinct, the first small and narrow, second nearly

spherical, third shortly conical, broad near base; arista about as long as basal

segments together, its first segment minute, second slender, pointed obliquely

downwards at angle to antennae. Face narrowing from shallow incision of eyes

at antennae, till eyes become sub-contiguous, then broadening again but ob-

scured by white, tufted tomentum; lower part of face receding between eyes.

Palpi and proboscis yellow, held vertical or somewhat porrect; chitinous sharp

tip of proboscis darkened, three-toothed when expanded; lateral and ventral

parts shorter, fleshy. Palpi half as long as proboscis, and lying on it.

Thorax: Not excessively elongate or narrow, highly arched from neck, pro-

thorax distinct. Notum tomentose, subshining, yellow with black lateral

areas reaching from humeri to wings and again on metapleurae from wings to

halteres. One large notopleural bristle present, above it an equally large dorso-

central and below it a second, much smaller notopleural, also a small post-alar.

Remaining dorsocentrals and acrostichals minute, on anterior half uniserial.

Scutellum bright yellow, tomentose, with about 6 very weak, incurved setulae.

Pro- and mesopleurae yellow, metapleurae with conspicuous black bristly hairs,

short and long.

Abdomen: Tergites of basal segments fuscous, sternites browner; first and

second segments with coarse, dense pubescence. Terminalia with vertically

erect ventral keel, tomentose and pubescent, having a tuft of long, yellowish

apical setae. Penis curved upwards, then forwards, yellow, basal part with

broad lateral flanges. Lateral lamellae large, erect, bearing two pairs of yellow,

reflexed rami, the anterior pair of sheathing tip of penis. A third, browner

pair of lamellae also present, with thickened pubescent tips resembling a tooth-

brush. Anal lamellae visible below penis and reflexed parts, large, dark brown

and pubescent, and likewise reflexed.

Legs: Yellow, tarsi and posterior coxae darkened. Anterior coxae with a

strong, black basal bristle. Anterior femora not much swollen, having a regular

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE 309

ventral series of numerous peg-like spinules and a number of black postero-

ventral spines greatly varying in length but largest on basal half. Anterior

tibiae with peg-like ventral spinules and on apical half a row of small postero-

ventral spines. Middle femora with small group of postero-ventral spines just

beyond middle but no corresponding tibial setae present. Hind tibiae with

upstanding serial dorsal hairs on basal half and at apex a ventral “‘spur”’ of

thickened (or fused?) hairs, passing on posterior side into a fine “‘comb”’ of

yellow hairs. Pubescence otherwise normal. .

Wings (Fig. 15, a): Costa with basal bristle and normal fringe, and on

anterior side, opposite basal cells, a series of very long setae directed downwards

at a right-angle to the plane of the wing; costa weakening after tip of wing,

but persisting to end of a, with which it appears to fuse, wing-margin basal to

this point forming a narrow, wavy flange behind a, without any trace of costa

or fringe. a extremely heavy, especially towards base, reaching margin very

shortly beyond apex of Cu. 74,5, M3,4 and cu heavy, the latter with a large,

lozenge-shaped swelling above Cu, the swelling being more or less convex towards

upper side of wing and having heavy black tomentum below. Closure of Cu

rather strongly convex, its upper and lower angles slightly obtuse.

Squamae with weak fringe. Halteres blackish, long, tomentose and slightly

pubescent.

2. Head as in male, except that palpi appear smaller. Thorax darker

yellow, prothorax more darkened. Abdomen dull grey-brown without coarse

or strong pubescence, latter segments forming cylindrical ovipositor, chitinous

but pubescent, with open apex from which protrude very long, upcurved anal

lamellae. Legs with middle femora lacking group of spines and dorsal hairs of

hind tibiae smaller, otherwise asin male. Wings (Fig. 15, 6) with costa and fringe

continued right to base on posterior margin, thus not fused with a, costa also

lacking the specialized anterior setae. cu very heavy near base but without any

swelling; Cw less broad than in male, its closure almost straight and the upper

angle slightly acute. Halteres lighter, yellowish, but somewhat suffused.

Length of body, 3 mm.; of wing, 3-7 mm.

Kenya: Aberdare Range, Mt. Kinangop, 8—gooo ft., 1 ¢ type, I 9 allotype,

6 3, 13 Q paratypes (probably wrongly labelled); Katamayo, 8000 ft., x.34,

I 2 paratype.

The last-mentioned specimen has the arista of the antennae bright yellow.

Drymodromia gahinga sp. n.

(Figs. 14 and 15)

Some small bristles on anterior part of thorax. rs¢ M, sending two veins

to wing-margin, the upper forked; closure of Cw in ¢ straight.

310 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

3 (Fig. 14). Head: First two antennal segments rather light brown, third

darker, its apex rather slender, arista slightly longer than first three segments to-

gether. Some biserial white hairs present on frons.

Thorax: Yellow with black lateral areas on notum. One large notopleural

and above it one dorsocentral bristle, and in addition two small but distinct

dorsocentrals on anterior part; acrostichals minute, uniserial on anterior part; a

second, small notopleural, and a small post-alar, also present. Scutellum with

minute setulae, metapleurae with long bristly hairs.

Fic. 15.—Left wings of (a) Drymodromia seticosta sp. n., 3, (b) D. seticosta

Q, (c) D. gahinga sp. n., 3, and (d) D. plurabella sp. n., g. (N.B.—in d the anal

margin has become folded below the vein, in mounting the wing.)

Abdomen: Blackish, first and second tergites with coarse pubescence.

Terminalia with ventral keel sharply angled, its tip erect and having a few

long, erect, specialized setae. Base of penis held within apex of keel and having

a short posterior projection; transparent lateral flanges, stem of penis passing

forward from keel and between tips of dorsal lamellae; lateral lamellae swollen,

bearing at posterior angle a reflexed toothbrush-like ramus, at anterior angle a

curved, dark, pubescent lamella; a further pair of shorter, thin yellow lamellae

emerging from beneath centre of penis.

Legs: Yellow, including posterior coxae; tarsi darkened apically. Basal

bristle of front coxae yellow. Anterior femora with black postero-ventral

spines, and a yellow, antero-ventral basal spine. Middle femora with about

6 strong, small postero-ventral spines beyond middle, the tibiae with a few more

slender spines opposite them, 1.e., just before middle; antero-dorsal pubescence

on apical half of middle femora strongly developed. Hind femora with some very

long dorsal hairs on basal half, but their tibiae without upstanding hairs, but

having the “‘thickened”’ apical hairs and sub-apical ““comb”’ well developed.

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE Syeae

Wings (Fig. 15, c): Costa with a few long setae on ventral side in front of

basal cells. rst M, sending out two veins, m,,. forked very near the cell.

Lozenge-shaped swelling present on cu. Base of Cu rounded, its closure straight

and almost transverse, upper angle slightly obtuse, lower angle almost a right-

angle. a reaching margin shortly beyond Cu, terminating the marginal fringe

and costa.

Halteres yellowish fuscous, tomentose.

9. Thorax possibly somewhat darker than in male. Abdomen without

coarse pubescence, ovipositor cylindrical, brownish-chitinous. Postero-ventral

spines of front femora very large; no spines on middle femora or tibiae, and no

dorsal upstanding hairs on hind femora. Wings without swelling on cw, costa

without specialized anterior setae, and continued with fringe, along whole

of posterior margin to wing-base Cu pointed at base, its closure nearly

straight and transverse, the cell longer and narrower than in male. Halteres

as in male.

Length of body, 2-8 mm.; of wing, 3°8 mm.

Ucanpa: Kigezi District, Mt. Mgahinga, 8000 and 11,000 ft., 22-27.x1.34,

I g type, I Qallotype, 5 3, 2 9 paratypes; Mt. Sabinio, 7000 ft., 29.x1.34, 1 3

paratype.

Drymodromia plurabella sp. n.

(Fig. 15)

ist M, emitting two veins, m1, forked, Cu in male very triangular, its

closure concave, swelling on cu reaching as far as tip of its cell. Arista yellow.

3g. Head: Pronouncedly oval, the proclinate post-vertical bristles fairly

well developed. Frons with proclinate setulae, at its narrowest point no wider

than ocellar triangle. Basal segments of antennae blackish, the third quite

short, arista pale yellow with yellow pubescence, and carried at very slight angle

to axis of antenna. Eyes sub-contiguous for short distance on face. Proboscis

yellow, carried in type slightly porrect with the chitinous three-toothed rostrum

free of the more ventral, fleshy labium. Palpi small with whitish pubescence.

Thorax: Yellow with the usual black lateral areas, also two black patches on

prothorax which is very small and transversely narrow. The usual notopleural

bristle and large dorsocentral bristle present, the latter especially strong. Re-

maining dorsocentrals and acrostichals somewhat developed, small but distinct

in side-view, reclinate on front half, proclinate behind. A small lower noto-

pleural present, also a very small erect pre-scutellar in dorsocentral series and a

very small post-alar. About 4 small setulae on scutellum. Metapleurae with

the usual large bristly setae.

Abdomen: Blackish, first segments with coarse pubescence, basal parts of

terminalia shining black with strong, even pubescence. About 4 “flattened”,

312 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

blade-like setae present at apex. Lateral lamellae shining black, their anterior

angles small with blackish, pubescent, pendant lamellae. Penis with a basal

knob or “‘heel”’ carried erect in type.

Legs: Basal segments yellow, but tibiae as well as tarsi darkened to brown.

Basal porrect bristle of anterior coxae black. Peg-like spinules of front femora

much larger near apex than on basal half of segment, the postero-ventral spines

not specially large. Middle femora and tibiae with opposed rows of postero-

ventral spinules, numbering about 5 on femora, tibiae with similar antero-

ventral row at same part; the femora slightly bent and tibiae slightly thickened

at this part. Hind femora with long inclined antero-dorsal hairs, longest near

base, hind tibiae also rather long-haired and with very well-developed postero-

dorsal yellow ‘‘comb”’ below apex, attached on a longitudinal ridge.

Wings (Fig. 15, d): Swelling on cu very large, tear-shaped, the vein emerging

from it well below its apex and then joined immediately by m-—cu, thus Cu not

extending beyond swelling. Base of Cu acute, its closure concave, upper and

lower angles not at all obtuse. Costa and fringe ending as usual at tip of a,

ventral fringe on anterio margin not specially developed, nowhere longer than

the more dorsal fringe-proper.

Halteres blackish near apex, tomentose, basal half with fringe of hairs.

Length of body, 3 mm.; of wing, 4 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 8300 ft., Bamboo zone,

5.1.35, I ¢ type.

Hemerodromia Meigen (sens. strict.)

Hemevodromia Meigen, 1822, Syst. Beschr. 3:° 61. (Type: Tachydvomia oratoria

Fallén, 1815).

KEY TO KNOWN ETHIOPIAN SPECIES

1. Wings immaculate - ; é : c ps :

Wings with brown patch in region of V4 : : : ¢ : ultima sp.

Abdomen wholly blackish

Venter of abdomen yellow .

3. Halteres yellow c : : . : . 2 : ¢ : :

Halteres blackish : : . 6 : 3 : : : icenae Sp.

4. Front legs entirely yellow .

Front legs partly brown or black

5. Eyes sub-contiguous on face : : c . : : :

Eyes distinctly separated on face : : ; : j . maia sp.

BOWE BR ow BS

6. Fork of m, and m, long and very narrow, beginning Beriee tips of both 7543

and mg;4; costa much shorter between V+ and 7, than between 7, and 75.

3 genital segments very large and erect . . . goya sp.

Fork of m, and m, beginning opposite tips of 7545 and Mota) costa as long

between 7,,, and 7, as between 7, and 7;. ¢ genital segments smaller,

reclinate . : : c : . : : 0 : portia sp. 0.

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE S505)

7. Front coxae and femora black, remainder of legs yellow : 3 . duce sp. n.

Front coxae yellow, remainder of legs brown : 7 : 5 ursula sp. Nn.

8. Pleurae light chestnut-brown; ovipositor very short. i ; : : 9.

Pleurae blackish or dark brown; ovipositor long : ; : : , 10.

9. Tip of 72:3 placed before beginning of fork of 7,5, the section of costa imme-

diately beyond it about as long as section between 7, andy, gonatopus Speiser.

Tip of 7,3 placed beyond beginning of fork of m,,, and quite near tip of 7,

tavda sp. n.

10. Halteres dark grey-brown . : : : : : 5 3 susanna sp. n.

Halteres yellow : é : 6 : : : ‘ . vesurvecta sp. n.

All the above species conform to the genus Hemerodromia Meigen sens. strict.

(genotypeTachydromia oratoria Fin. by designation of Rondani, 1856), in having

no humeral cross-vein, no anal vein or closed cubital cell, and only one apparent

cross-vein behind the stem of m,,.. (For an interesting note on which vein this

represents, see Collin, Dipt. Patagonia and S. Chile: 281. If he is correct, then

the pedicel of m.5,4 has become lost in Hemerodromia, and that vein (to apply

Tillyard’s theory) has become indistinguishable from, and continuous with

m-—cu, which in turn is continuous with cw itself.)

In general structure also, the Ethiopian forms resemble the genotype.

Moreover, the differences here keyed as inter-specific are partly matters of

detail, so that without seeing a large number of specimens it is sometimes a

matter of doubt what to consider a species and what a variety. For example,

apart from its striking black fore-legs, H. duce appears to be almost identical

with H. portia from the same locality. H. goya is apparently the most widely

established form of the series, and may represent the stock from which several

others have recently sprung.

Hemerodromia goya sp. n.

(Figs. 16 and 17)

A blackish species with yellow legs and halteres, and very large 3 genital

segments.

6. Head: Very long and flattened, seen from frontal surface somewhat

rectangular. Eyes sub-contiguous on face, lower facets very large, incision at

antennae large, right-angled. Antennae one-and-a-half times length of frons

from front ocellus, reddish yellow, the style darkened. Ocellar and post-ocellar

setae small, pale, proclinate. Lower part of face and of occiput with silky white

tomentum; proboscis yellow, horizontally inflexed, pubescent near tip.

Thorax: Wholly black with grey pollen on notum and tomentum on meso-

sternum. Prothorax with fringe of small hairs, notopleurae with a small bristle

close before wings, and below it a horizontal row of weak hairs; acrostichals

biserial, dorsocentrals uniserial, both series minute, yellow, reclinate; scutellum

with minute hairs only.

314 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Abdomen: Black above and below, almost bare, but eighth sternite light

brown, appearing chitinous, with fringe of long pale hairs. Terminalia (Fig. 16, e)

large, erect, nearly half as tall as abdomen is long, the posterior keel blackish

brown, angled at base, with erect pubescence; ‘side lamellae triangular, reclinate

Fic. 16.—Terminalia of (a) Hemerodromia tarda sp. n., 3, (b) H. portia sp. n., 3,

vesurvecta sp. n., 2 (from above).

upper lamellae long, blackish, pubescent, broadening at apex to form an arch

over penis; penis protruding forwards and upwards, somewhat thick, brown,

hooked at extreme apex.

Legs: Wholly bright yellow, tarsi very slightly darkened distally. Front

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE 315

coxae as long as their femora, front tibiae three-quarters as long, the femora

moderately swollen with the usual minute black blunt spinules and yellow

bristles, the latter not large; tibiae with a small apical spine, Hind tibiae with

usual transverse apical “‘comb”’ of setulae.

Wings (Fig. 17, a): Hyaline, veins grey-brown but yellow at base. Venation

typical of genus; 7, reaching costa slightly nearer to 7,,, than to 7;. Tip of

79,3 more apical than junction of m and m, and tip of m3,4; 3,4 (or m—cu)

thickened opposite vm.

Squamae without fringe. Halteres bright yellow.

2. As 3, except for abdomen. First 5 abdominal sternites brown, sixth

and seventh blackish, the latter with longer pubescence. Ovipositor slender,

brown, chitinous, jointed near base and beyond this joint a paired appearance

in ventral view, its two halves close-lying but distinct at apex, each with a

minute apical hair.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 2°7 mm.

UcanpDA: Ruwenzori Range, Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1 3 type, 1 2 allotype,

43,32 paratypes; Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 1 g, 1 2 paratypes.

Kenya: Mt. Elgon, Kapretwa, 6500 ft., 3 g, I 9 paratypes; Aberdare

Range, Thompson’s Falls, 7000 ft., I Q paratype.

A single 2 from Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft. (7.e., above

Kilembe and in the type locality of H.7cenae, see p. 317), may represent a distinct

species. It has the antennae very pale yellow and shorter than in typical

goya, frons also shorter, scutellum with some small setae, and ovipositor

blackish.

Hemerodromia maia sp. n.

(Fig. 17)

Large blackish species with yellow legs and halteres, eyes distinctly separated

on face.

§. Head: Frons about half as long as antennae. Antennae yellow, style

equal in length to third segment and appearing more or less darkened according

to angle of view. Eyes separated at narrowest part of face by about width of

one eye-facet. Palpi with rather strong black seta. Proboscis yellow, reddish

at tip.

Thorax: Black to blackish brown, with grey pollen and tomentum; base

of mesosternum browner. Serial hairs minute but quite distinct in type;

scutellum with about 6 minute setulae.

Abdomen: Pollinose and weakly pubescent, tergum black, venter dark brown.

Seventh segment much narrowed, paler with longer hairs. Terminalia directed

backwards, eighth sternite forming horizontal keel, side lamellae directed

316 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

backwards, upper lamellae reclinate, and not broadened at tip; penis directed

obliquely upwards and backwards, tip only protruding.

Legs: Yellow; front legs with usual chaetoxy, apical spine of tibiae fairly

conspicuous, sharp and slender.

Wings (Fig. 17, 6): Broad, quite hyaline; forks of 7,,, and m,,, occurring

rather far before wing-tip. 7, joining costa nearer to 7,,, than to v;. End of

9,3 about opposite both junction of m,,. and end of mz, 4.

Halteres pale yellow.

9. As 3, except for abdomen. Venter of abdomen blackish; ovipositor

black, thickest at middle section owing to ventral longitudinal ridges being

spread out laterally.

Length of body, 3 mm ; of wing, 3-7 mm.

Kenya: Aberdare Range, Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft., 1 g type; Mt. Elgon,

Heath zone, 10,500-11,500 ft., 1 9 allotype.

Hemerodromia portia sp. n.

(Fig. 16)

Small blackish species, legs and halteres yellow, 7, straight and far removed

from: %5 3:

3. Head: Eyes sub-contiguous for some distance on face; face pubescent,

but no silky tomentum present on lower part or on occiput.

Thorax: Appearing wholly black, with sparse white pollen. Serial and

scutellar setulae minute.

Abdomen: Quite black above and below, not greatly narrowed before

genitalia. Terminalia (Fig. 16, 6) rather small, somewhat upturned but not

completely erect, penis straight and protruding vertically upwards; sternal

keel angled at base, then slanting obliquely upwards, pubescent, upper lamellae

reclinate, having two narrow, curled rami, middle lamellae rounded, with blunt

apex.

Legs: Pale yellow, front femora small and thick, front tibiae with relatively

large, sharp apical spine. Apical “‘comb”’ of hind tibiae conspicuous, yellow,

oblique.

Wings: Slender, without trace of axillary lobe; somewhat brownish. 72,5

ending slightly before fork of m,,., and 7, reaching costa quite as far from

75,3 a8 from 7;; 7, weak, nearly straight and nearly transverse. m,,. distinctly

longer from medial cross-vein to fork than m, is from fork to apex.

Halteres yellow, the stalks rather darker.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 2°5 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 1 ¢ type.

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE 317

Hemerodromia icenae sp. n.

(Fig. 17)

Black, with legs yellow but halteres blackish; scutellum with a pair of

bristles. Vein 7, ending close to 73,5.

3g. Head: Occipital setae pale, slender. Frons about half as long as an-

tennae, antennae rich yellow, the styles darker. Eyes contiguous at middle of

face, lower part of face and cheeks with silky tomentum. Palpi pale yellow,

proboscis yellow, darker at tip.

Thorax: Notum black, pleurae very dark blackish brown dusted with light

grey. Serial setae minute; scutellum with a pair of small blackish marginal

bristles, about as large as the notopleural bristle, also a pair of smaller hairs

before the margin.

Abdomen: Black; not much narrowed before terminalia, which are large,

upturned but not quite erect, pubescence rather dense; tip of penis slightly

proclinate; side lamellae large and convex, upper lamellae forked near apex,

the anterior arms forming arch over penis.

Legs: Yellow, front femora with the yellow antero- and postero-ventral

setae very small and weak. Apical spine of front tibiae short and blunt.

Wings (Fig. 17, c): Slightly fuscous in type. Vein 7, reaching costa less

than one-third of the way from 7, to 7;, 7.e. relatively close to former. Fork

of.m 1, placed before tip of 7,,, but opposite that of mg,,. Posterior marginal

fringe very long.

Halteres blackish, but yellow at base.

2. Abdomen with rather short, thick, chitinous ovipositor yellow at tip.

Front femora with first postero-ventral bristle large. Otherwise as ¢.

Length of body, 2-7 mm.; of wing, 2-7 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., I g type, I 2

allotype, 3 2 paratypes; Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1 3 paratype.

Hemerodromia susanna sp. n.

(Fig. 17)

A small, broad-winged species, legs pale yellow, halteres blackish, venter of

abdomen mostly yellow (9).

2. Head: Small, oval. Occipital and ocellar bristles apparently minute.

Frons short and narrow, antennae rather pale yellow. Eyes contiguous at

middle of face. Palpi whitish, proboscis pale yellow.

Thorax: Notum black, pleurae very dark blackish brown, both dusted with

light grey. Notopleural bristle very weak, scutellum with only a few minute

pale hairs.

318 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Abdomen: Dorsum black, venter yellow for first 6 segments and much

swollen; seventh sternite dark brown. Ovipositor long, broad in side-view

with segments distinct, suddenly narrowed at apical segment, the tip dark.

Legs: Yellow, the front femora pale yellow, their tibiae little more than

half length of femora, apical tibial spine rather large.

Wings (Fig. 17, d): Hyaline, somewhat short and broad. Vein 7, reaching

costa slightly nearer to 7,,, than to 7;, fork of m,,. placed opposite tips of both

Tops ANG YN oi 4:

Halteres with basal half yellow, apical half dark grey-brown.

Length of body, 2 mm.; of wing, 2 mm.

Ucanpa: Budongo Forest, 7.11.1935, I 9 type, I 9 paratype.

Fic. 17.—Right wings of (a) Hemervodromia goya sp. n., (b) H. maia sp. n.,

sp. n.

Hemerodromia resurrecta sp. n.

(Fig. 16)

Legs and halteres yellow, thorax with notum black and pleurae dark brown,

venter of abdomen yellow, ovipositor long, thickened.

bescence. Eyes very narrowly separated at middle of face, face and cheeks with

usual silky white tomentum. Proboscis yellow, appearing cylindrical in type

owing to apparent thickening of labrum.

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE 319

Thorax: Notum entirely black, including prothorax, with grey, slight

tomentum. Prothorax with some weak hairs, serial hairs as usual very small;

notopleural bristle yellow, larger than average; scutellum with a pair of yellow

pre-marginal setulae, quite small but distinct. Pleurae blackish above to dark

brown below, with fairly conspicuous light grey tomentum.

Abdomen: Tergites wholly black except for yellow band on posterior third

of seventh segment. Venter yellow for first 6 segments, modified into dark

brown narrow keel at seventh, but posterior third of this sternite yellow, seventh

sternite pubescent. Ovipositor (Fig. 16, /) with eighth and ninth abdominal

segments drawn out, dark brown, broad in side-view, ninth segment with weak

vental pubescence on posterior half; terminal lamellae short and dark.

Legs: Pale yellow, tarsi slightly darkened at apex. Anterior tibiae not

reaching back as far as the most basal pair of femoral bristles, of which postero-

ventral is rather large; apical spine of tibiae long, sharp, about two-thirds

length of this bristle.

Wings: Veins greyish brown to yellowish brown; 7, reaching costa slightly

nearer to 7,,3 than toy,. Fork of m,,, placed slightly before tip of 72,3, and

very slightly beyond that of m. 4.

Halteres very pale yellow.

Length of body, 3-2 mm.; of wing, 3 mm.

UGaNnbDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 2 type.

Hemerodromia gonatopus Speiser

(Figs. 16 and 17)

Hemerodvomia (Microdvomia) gonatopus Speiser, 1908, Berl. Ent. Zeitschr., 52 (1907): 145.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 1 g, 1 2; Kilembe,

4500 ft., I g.

The above specimens agree in all essentials with Speiser’s description,

though this fails to mention many of those characters which are shown by the

present series to be of specific importance. The 2 has a yellow band only across

the second abdominal tergite, the g (which was unknown to Speiser) has in

addition, the seventh tergite quite yellow. Further, the seventh sternite of

the ° is blackish, that of the g yellow. The 9 ovipositor is extremely short and

blunt, also dark and pubescent, quite unlike that of the species so far described

here. The ¢§ terminalia (Fig. 16, c) are erect, upper lamellae small, their

apices not arching over penis, the tip of which protrudes but little. The

wings (Fig. 17, e) have 7,,, short (also yellow except at its base), so that 7,

reaches costa about midway between 7,,, and 7;; fork of m,,. placed beyond

tips of both 7,,, and m3,4.

320 RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Hemerodromia tarda sp. n.

(Figs. 16 and 17)

Thorax and abdomen mostly yellow, ¢ with penis long and straight.

3. Head: Oval, eyes black, occiput dull black, its setae small and fine.

Antennae twice as long as frons from anterior ocellus, pale yellow, styles darker.

Eyes sub-contiguous at middle of face, face with the usual row of erect hooked

hairs, lower part and cheeks with silky whitish (from some angles, greyish)

tomentum. Palpi yellow, very small, proboscis yellow, not darkened at tip.

Thorax: Notum brown, median third becoming blacker towards scutellum,

scutellum black, also post-scutellar area; pleurae yellowish brown; whole

thorax sparsely dusted with light grey. Prothorax yellowish. A yellow noto-

pleural bristle present; serial setae minute, scutellum with some very small

hairs.

Abdomen: Cylindrical, not tapering before genitalia. Venter and sides

bright yellow, central tergal area dark brown but this terminated at front by

a broad yellow band across second tergite and behind by the yellow seventh

tergite. Terminalia (Fig. 16, a) somewhat upturned but not erect, side lamellae

black, upper lamellae appearing as if perched on top of them, dark brown, their

apices incurved with a row of black spinules on inner side and some small

proclinate apical bristles. Penis long, straight, simple and proclinate, reaching

considerably farther from its base than the apex of the lateral lamellae; a pair

of small flat projections visible enclosing base of penis.

Legs: Yellow, front femora pale. Apical spine of front tibiae large, very

nearly as long as the two most basal antero-ventral bristles of front femora.

Wings (Fig. 17, f): Hyaline, the veins pale greyish yellow. Vein 7... long,

thus 7, reaching costa about one-third of distance from 7,,, to 7;, and fork of

m,,. occurring before tip of m;,, and well before that of 74,5.

Halteres yellow.

9. Yellow parts of a rather deeper shade in allotype than in 3 type. No

yellow bands visible on any abdominal tergites; last segment before ovipositor

pubescent. Ovipositor brown, shining, blunt and very short, triangular in

side-view.

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 2°8 mm.

Kenya: Aberdare Range, Thompson’s Falls, 77500 ft., x.1934, 1 ¢ type,

I 9 allotype, 2 § paratypes.

Hemerodromia duce sp. n.

Thorax and abdomen black, also front coxae and femora.

3g. Head: Occiput black, with pale setulae very proclinate. Antennae

rich yellow, more than twice as long as frons from front ocellus. Eyes sub-

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE 321

contiguous at middle of face. Face with usual marginal rows of hooked hairs,

but silky tomentum on face and cheeks rather slight. Palpi with dense white

pubescence; proboscis yellow, brownish and slightly pubescent at tip.

Thorax: Wholly black, dusted with greyish to ochreous. Notopleural

bristle quite small, dark; scutellum with only minute pale hairs.

Abdomen: Wholly black, straight, dorso-ventrally flattened, dusted with

brownish, and slight pale pubescence present on venter. Terminalia rather

large, upcurved, the lateral lamellae small and convex, dorsal lamellae perched

on top of them, reclinate, forked and forming arch, their anterior margin

with fringe. Tip of penis only just exposed, slightly proclinate relative to

abdomen.

Legs: Yellow except front coxae and femora, which are heavily blackened

though joint between them is yellow. Front femora with usual black spinules

and yellow bristles, the most basal postero-ventral bristle large and erect,

apical spine of tibiae reaching to base of this bristle, thus tibiae about three-

fourths length of their femora.

Wings: Rather slender, shaded somewhat brownish before and behind

Y445, veins light greyish brown. Vein 7, reaching costa almost midway between

¥y,,and7;. Fork of m,,. opposite tip of 7,,, and beyond that of m,,,. Fringe

long at posterior margin.

Halteres greyish yellow.

Length of body, 2°7 mm.; of wing, 2-7 mm.

UGANDA: Ruwenzori Range, Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 1 3 type.

Hemerodromia ursula sp. n.

(Fig. 16)

Thorax and abdomen blackish, antennae brown, legs uniformly yellowish

brown.

3g. Head: Occiput blackish with small, dark ocellar and post-ocellar bristles.

Antennae only half as long again as frons from front ocellus, rather dark brown,

style as long as third segment. Eyes very narrowly separated at middle of face,

face with heavy silvery tomentum. Palpi covered by thick white pubescence,

proboscis thick, yellow.

Thorax: Notum black, pleurae blackish brown, greyish dusted. Notopleural

bristle small as usual, but rather strong, dark. Scutellum with only minute

hairs.

Abdomen (Fig. 16, d): Wholly black, terminalia large with strong, bristly

pubescence. Upper lamellae flattened and strongly toothed at tip, incurved

but not forming complete arch. Penis thickened, somewhat proclinate, whitish

at tip.

II, 5 (é)

RUWENZORI EXPEDITION

Legs: Uniformly yellowish brown, front coxae yellower, tarsi darkened at

apex. Antero- and postero-ventral bristles of front femora brownish, small

and slender. Front tibiae five-sixths as long as femora, their apical spine

small, blunt, quite black. Front and hind tibiae with the usual apical comb of

setulae.

Wings: Immaculate, slightly brownish, veins grey-brown. Vein 7, reaching

costa about twice as near to 72,3 as to 7;, and fork of m,,, placed before tip

of m,,, and well before that of 7,5.

Halteres blackish at base to yellowish at apex.

2. As g, except for genitalia and larger basal bristles on front femora.

Abdomen blackish above, grey-brown below. Seventh segment narrowing,

pubescent, its posterior part chitinous; remainder of ovipositor half as long as

this segment, somewhat thickened, blunt, brown but yellowish at apex.

Length of body, 2°8 mm.; of wing, 3-2 mm.

KENYA: Mt. Elgon, Swam River, 5000 ft., 11.1935, I ¢ type, I 2 allotype,

I g, I 2 paratypes.

Hemerodromia ultima sp. n.

A black species, antennae, front femora and halteres dark brown, wings

with a brown cloud near apex.

3. Head: Ocellar and post-ocellar bristles small but not very weak, dark,

proclinate. Antennae dark greyish brown, their first two segments distinctly

separated, style as long as third segment. Eyes sub-contiguous at middle of

face. Palpi with white pubescence; proboscis yellow, brown at tip.

Thorax: Notum and pleurae black, grey-dusted. Notopleural bristle

dark brown, fairly strong; scutellum with only minute hairs.

Abdomen: Blackish above and below, terminalia slightly upcurved with

bristly posterior pubescence, penis standing erect behind, not in front of, the

pubescent apices of upper lamellae, which form upright arch well free of rest

of genitalia.

Legs: Yellow, except front femora which are dark brown. Femoral bristles

yellow, the first postero-ventral large and erect. Anterior tibiae two-thirds

length of femoral, apical spine sharp, pale-tipped, apical comb prominent,

oblique.

Wings: Slender, slightly brown with a heavy greyish brown cloud surround-

ing fork of 7,,, and reaching margin at 7,, but not atv;. Vein 7, reaching costa

midway between 7,,3 and 7;, and fork of m,,, placed opposite tips of 7,3 and

Mera

Halteres blackish, yellow at base.

2. Ovipositor long, its base yellow, remainder brown, chitinous, jointed at

middle. Otherwise as 3.

EMPIDIDAE: HEMERODROMIINAE 323

Length of body, 2-5 mm.; of wing, 2°5 mm.

UcGaAnpaA: Mbarara, I ¢ type, I 9 allotype, 2 J, 8 2 paratypes.

Cephalodromia Becker 1914 (Hemerodromiinae) synonymous with Cyrtosia

Perris 1839 (Bombylidae).

In 1914 Becker (Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 83:121; also Voyage de Ch. Alluaud

et R. Jeannel en Afrique Orientale, V, Dipt. Brach. pt. I: 152, and fig. (1915))

described a male fly taken at Molo on the Mau Escarpment (Kenya) as a new

genus and species of Hemerodromiinae, Cephalodromia curvata. The wing shape

and venation (with cw running nearly straight outwards and reaching margin

just before middle of wing), when taken together with the shape of abdomen and

the simple front legs, as shown in Becker’s figure, show conclusively that the

insect belongs outside the Hemerodromiinae and is in fact not an Empid at all.

Its due station has recently been indicated by E. Séguy (Mission Scientifique

de lV’ Omo, IV, Fasc. 39: 332 (1938)), who designates Cephalodromia Becker as a

synonym of Cyrtosia Perris (Bombyliidae). I presume that Séguy’s designation

here is original, though he does not state this point.

Chelipoda pictipennis Bezzi (Ann. Mus. Hungar. 10: 476 (1912) was

placed in Cephalodromia Becker by Melander (Gen. Ins., Fasc. 185: 267 (1925-

27)), who also re-described the genus mainly from Bezzi’s detailed description of

-C. pictipennis. But from this description it is apparent that the only resem-

blance between curvata and pictipennis is a superficial one of wing-venation.

If pictipennis, which clearly does belong among the Hemerodromiinae, is not a

Chelipoda—and this seems likely from differences noted by Melander—then a

new generic name will eventually have to be erected for it.