Arctiidae

(Except Nolinae)

By S. G. KIRIAKOFF

The Arctiid material collected by the British Museum Ruwenzori Expedition proved to be most

interesting. Sixty-six known species were represented, adding much to our knowledge of their

distribution, and thirty-one species are described in the following pages as new.

At the time that this paper was being prepared, the author was unable to study the type material

in the British Museum (Natural History) or in other institutions. He wishes to express his particu-

_ lar thanks to D. S. Fletcher, who kindly undertook the task of making the necessary dissections

and comparisons. But for his kindness and help this paper would probably have been delayed at

least a further two years. The genitalia preparations made by Mr. Fletcher are marked with an

| asterisk.

Philenora tripuncta sp.n. (Figures 1, 75)

6: General coloration creamy whitish. Palpi black. Legs pale fawn colour. Some blackish suf-

| fusion on upperside of abdomen. Fore wing suffused with purplish grey on anterior half, except

| at base and in apical area. A streak on terminal third of costa, another in cell, one in interspaces

| iii to v, one in interspace ii, and one in submedian fold; a terminal series of streaks in interspaces

| i to iv is dresden brown (Ridgway, Plate xv). A blackish spot in middle of cell, a smaller one on

| DC, and two more subapicad. Fringes creamy, tipped with brownish. Markings on underside

| of the same grey colour, without black. Hind wing creamy white. Length of fore wing 5 mm.

| Male genitalia: Uncus short, narrow, hooked, pilose, its broad base merging into the broadly

| triangular tegumen. Valva bifid; costal process narrow basally, then broader and lobe-shaped;

| inner margin covered with spinules; ventral process broad, rounded distally, hairy on its margins;

| distal margin of both processes bearing long hairs. Aedeagus as long as valva, slender, curved,

| proximally broader; fultura superior weak; fultura inferior heart-shaped, broadly rounded

| distally. Vinculum narrow; saccus extended into a long, narrow process.

Distinguished from P. disticha Hampson (1914) by the presence of a terminal series of streaks

on the fore wing and by the creamy white hind wing.

| UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, holotype.

Eurozonosia fulvinigra Hampson

| Eurozonosia fulvinigra Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:789.

| RUWENZzORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

+ I

2 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Siccia duodecimpunctata sp.n. (Figures 2, 3, 74)

3g: Head and antennae whitish. Palpi black. Body whitish: fore legs blackish, inside brownish;

other legs pale brownish; tarsi blackish on distal half. Fore wing white with a yellowish costal

streak. Markings consisting of pale orange spots very densely covered with black scales and dis-

posed thus: four costal spots about equidistant from each other; spot in middle of cell; spot on

DC (largest of all); spot in interspace v halfway between DC and termen; basal spot below cell;

spot in submedian fold at first fourth, another ibidem in last fourth, a third ibidem on termen;

faint traces of a spot on termen in interspace iv; a tornal dot; a dot in middle of dorsal margin;

some blackish at base of costa. Underside suffused with ochreous grey brown except on termen

and in dorsal area; yellowish costal suffusion stronger; some of spots showing through from

upperside. Hind wing white; costa tinged with ochreous grey brown on underside. Length of

fore wing 9 mm.

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 320): Uncus narrow, hooked. Valva elliptic; a costal and a

ventral fold; termen with a narrow curved spiculate process, accompanied by 3 or 4 spines.

Saccus rounded. Aedeagus short and stout. Vesica with a single cornutus one-third as long as the

aedeagus. Most readily distinguishable from several species with similar facies by the genitalia

(Figures 2, 3).

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft., s—10.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, holotype.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 9, allotype.

Siccia adiaphora sp.n. (Figures 10, $2)

g: Head and antennae light fulvous; palpi pale brown. Patagia, base of tegulae and prothorax

light fulvous; extremities of tegulae and remainder of thorax paler and greyer; legs light fulvous,

fore legs blackish inside. Abdomen pale greyish fulvous; anal tuft and venter purer fulvous.

Fore wing fulvous, sprinkled with brown except on termen, more strongly and darker at base;

a black dot in middle of cell, with another just below, at base of vein 2; a third on upper DC;

fringes paler. Underside densely sprinkled with brown in anterior half to DC; base of costa

chocolate-coloured; markings visible from upperside. Hind wing pale fawn; a very faint brown-

ish DC-spot; on underside, costa tinged with orange, DC-spot minute but distinct. Length of

fore wing 9 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus relatively well developed, narrow and compressed, with a minute

terminal crochet. Tegumen narrow. Valva elongate, costa produced into a terminal process

broadened at tip; sacculus ending in a narrow sickle-shaped process; a very large basal process

bearing a slightly serrate-edged tooth at the base, cut squarely at the extremity, with a ventral,

narrow, sickle-shaped tooth or claw. Aedeagus almost straight, moderately stout, without

cornuti. Fultura spinulate laterally, with small claw-shaped basal process at each side and a

larger flattened one at the base of the dorsal half. Saccus very narrow. Differs from S. stictica

Hampson (1914) in the fulvous colour and the presence of a black dot at the base of vein 2 of

the fore wing, the fawn colour of the hind wing and in the structure of the genitalia (Figure 10).

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1.xii.1934—22.1.193 5 (Edwards), 1 9, allotype; Mukubu Valley,

8350 ft., 10.vii.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3; Nyinabitaba, 8650 ft., 7-13.vii.1952 (Fletcher), 2 3, including

holotype.

Arctiidae 3

Siccia stictica Hampson

_ Siccia stictica Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:705, Plate 37:12.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Siccia cretata Hampson

| Siccia cretata Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:705, Plate 37:11.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Asura neavi Hampson

_ Asura neavi Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:767, Plate 40:9.

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Asura obsolescens Hampson

| Asura obsolescens Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:767, Plate 40:10.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Asura indecisa (Walker)

Barsine indecisa Walker, 1869, Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. Glasg., 1:325.

Asura giintheri Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (Ag): 101. Syn.nov.

_ RUWENzORT: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Asura obliterata (Walker)

Nudaria obliterata Walker, 1865, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 31:273.

_ RUWENzoRT: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 4 3.

Asura atricraspeda Hampson

_ Asura atricraspeda Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1: 766, Plate 40:7.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 3 3.

Asura peripherica hilara subsp.n. (Figures 5, 6, 53)

|g: Body orange; a black occipital spot; a black dot on shoulder; a black spot in middle of each

tegula; fore legs spotted with black. Fore wing Naples yellow (Ridgway, Plate xvi), becoming

maize yellow (Ridgway, Plate iv) in disc; base of costa blackish; a black basal dot, margined with

_ grenadine red (Ridgway, Plate ii). Markings dark heliotrope grey (Ridgway, Plate /), margined

_ with grenadine red: a subbasal band, incurved below cell; a broad, slightly incurved antemedian

band; between it and the subbasal band, a series of spots, not reaching costa nor dorsum, confluent

| with each other and with the two bands; a postmedian band, irregular distally, oblique, broad,

cle

4 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

narrowing dorsad and connected with the antemedian band by a spot above dorsum; in dorsal

area, three spots, one each below antemedian band, connecting spot and postmedian band;

distad of latter, a series of irregular spots; fringes of ground colour. Underside similar, but much ©

paler. Hind wing creamy white; a very faint subterminal band of light brownish vinaceous

(Ridgway, Plate xxxix) from costa to vein 2; fringes brighter yellowish, tinged light brownish

vinaceous on ends of veins. Underside similar, costa more yellowish. Length of fore

wing II‘5 mm.

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 313): Valva bifid distally; ventral process narrower than the

costal one. Aedeagus with a single, large, median cornutus and with a distal zone of minute

corrugations. Differs from the nominate subspecies in its larger size, stronger and darker pattern,

conspicuous area of pale ground colour in the cell area and in the presence of a pale subterminal

band on the hind wing.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft., 28-31.i.1935 (Edwards), 1 3.

BELGIAN CONGO: West Kivu, Katana, 5000-7000 ft., iv.1924, wet season (T. A. Barns), 1 3;

Lake Kivu, Ruanda District, Rugege Forest, 7000 ft., xii.1921 (IT. A. Barns), 4 3 including

holotype.

Asura submarmorata sp.n. (Figure 7)

@: Head and thorax white sprinkled with grey brown; palpi and antennae creamy. Pectus and

legs creamy, last segment of tarsi black. Abdomen grey brown, covered with cream-coloured

hair. Fore wing white, with pearly pink reflections; the markings, which are ill-defined and

dark grey-brown, consist of a basal band, angled outwards on submedian fold; a subbasal band,

broad on costa, almost vertical and narrowing towards dorsum, connected with the basal band

in cell and in submedian fold; a very broad, slightly oblique median band, broadly connected

subcostally and in interspaces ii and i with the broad, irregular subterminal band; two spots of

light ground colour left within the dark area so formed, one beyond cell, and one at base of

interspace iii and part of interspace ii; a dark terminal suffusion, leaving a few spots of ground

colour; a blackish DC-mark and a series of terminal blackish dots, indistinct in posterior half of

wing; a costal line and fringes buff, tips of latter paler. Underside more suffused with dark, there

only being a few scattered and irregular light areas. Hind wing creamy white with a few dark

scales in apical region. Underside with an indistinct oblique band of dark sprinkling across basal

third of wing. Length of fore wing 7-25 mm.

Female genitalia: Lamella antevaginalis narrow; lamella postvaginalis broad, squarish. Lodix

narrow. Ductus bursae broad, forming a loop. Bursa copulatrix small, oblong.

Distinguished from A. numida Holland (1893) by the shorter ductus bursae and the differently

shaped bursa copulatrix (Figure 7).

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 9, holotype.

Asura phaeosticta sp.n. (Figures 4, 72)

32: Body whitish, tinged with maize yellow (Ridgway, Plate iv); frons, upperside of palpi, the

strongly pectinate antennae, shoulders, tegulae and most of the abdomen maize yellow. Fore

wing maize yellow; the markings, which are raw sienna (Ridgway, Plate iii), consist of an obso-

lete basal line; a costal line reaching to two-thirds of wing; an antemedian line of three con-

Arctiidae 5

nected spots in cell, one angled in submedian fold, and one oblique to dorsum; median line from

one-half of costa, oblique to DC, then oblique to base of vein 2, finally parallel with antemedian

line; outer line parallel with median line, with which it is connected on veins 6-7 and 3-5, then

weakly incurved and angled on vein 2, and outcurved between latter and dorsum; a subapical

shade, connected with a larger one on middle of termen, which is in turn connected with a small

tornal spot; fringes maize yellow. On underside, anterior half suffused with raw sienna, that colour

forming more or less distinct transverse bars, the one placed beyond DC the most distinct. Hind

wing maize yellow, the median spot and discal band scarcely traceable, though better marked on

underside. Length of fore wing 9 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus short and rather narrow, broader towards middle, straight, with a small

terminal hook and shortly pilose; tegumen rather broad. Valva elongate, broad; costa and sacculus

almost parallel; a short pointed process at middle of sacculus; termen cut obliquely. Aedeagus a

little longer than valva, moderately stout, broader and elbowed proximally, compressed and cut

obliquely distally; fulturae membranous, but a small knob bearing a few setae is situated on

each side of vinculum, just before joint of valva. Vinculum broad; saccus narrow, but pro-

duced to a short process at middle. Similar to A. obsolescens Hampson (1914) in its pale coloration,

but shorter and rounder winged. Like other species of Asura, most reliably distinguished by the

structure of the genitalia (Figure 4).

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft., 5-10.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 2 3, 1 2, including holotype and

allotype.

Chionaema margarethae sp.n. (Figures 12, 70)

3: White. Palpi and legs yellowish. Fore wing with markings of scarlet (Ridgway, Plate i):

two basal dots, one costal and one below base of cell; antemedian line faintly outcurved; post-

median line from two-thirds of costa obliquely outwards to vein 3, then almost vertical to tornus;

three small apical dots. A dark brown dot or streak in cell; a larger one on DC. Underside with

a yellowish costal streak, tinged with reddish in basal half; marking faintly showing through

from upperside. Hind wing unmarked. Length of fore wing Io mm.

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 278): Uncus weak, short and lanceolate; superuncus mem-

branous. Valva bifid distally; sacculus ending in a long, claw-shaped process. Aedeagus with a

dense cluster of short cornuti distally; proximal part narrower. Saccus narrow, rounded.

Similar in size to C. ugandana Strand (1912) but the shape of the antemedial and postmedial lines

distinguish it readily from other known species in the genus.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, holotype.

KENYA: S. Kavirondo, Suna, i-iv.1932 (W. Feather), 1 3, 1.

Chionaema delicata pretoriae (Distant)

Bizone pretoriae Distant, 1897, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (6) 20: 198.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3; Namwamba Valley, 6250 ft. (Edwards), 1 3;

Nyinabitaba, 8650 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3, 3 9.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, sooo ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

6 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Chionaema rejecta (Walker)

Setina rejecta Walker, 1854, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 2: 521.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Manoba apicalis (Hampson)

Stictane apicalis Hampson, 1903, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 11:344.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3.

One of the specimens has the dark markings more strongly developed and an additional

conspicuous black spot proximally and posteriorly of the apical spot.

Manoba costimacula sp.n. (Figures 15, 73)

g: Head, antennae and patagia whitish; body also whitish; legs and underside of abdomen

brownish. Fore wing silky white; a short black subcostal streak at first quarter; a costal spot at

middle and another near apex; a spot in interspace iv, halfway between DC and termen; fringes

spotted with black. Hind wing whitish. On the underside, most of fore wing and costal area of

hind wing suffused with grey brown. Length of fore wing 4:5 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus hardly sclerotized, ill-differentiated from tegumen, broadly rounded at

extremity; tegumen narrow. Valva elongate, produced into a long, slender, upturned costal

process; sacculus ending in an oval lobe, from which arises subterminally a long and very slender,

scythe-shaped process; costal margin of valva and lobe of sacculus fringed with hair. Aedeagus

as long as or slightly longer than valva, very stout, almost straight, bearing at middle two or more

large, strong cornuti; vesica moderate; fultura superior membranous; fultura inferior broad,

with two median, longitudinal ribs. Vinculum broadening ventrally; saccus very narrow.

Similar in size to M. atripuncta Hampson (1909) but differing from it in the silky white ground

colour and the pattern of the fore wing.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft., 22-viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 4 3, including holotype.

Manoba flavicosta sp.n. (Figures 11, 16)

SQ: Head, antennae and patagia whitish; remainder of body blackish. Legs and underside of

abdomen pale ochraceous tawny; anal tuft cream-coloured suffused with ochraceous tawny.

Fore wing grey brown, probably uniform in fresh specimens; costal streak pale ochraceous.

tawny. Hind wing pale grey brown. Underside of wings similar to upperside, except that the

hind wing bears an ochraceous tawny costal streak. Length of fore wing 4:5 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus narrow, depressed, pointed; base rounded; tegumen broad. Valva bi-.

partite; costal part broad, square, ending in a slender, upcurved, horn-shaped process; sacculus.

broad, less sclerotized. Aedeagus of medium build, faintly curved, fultura inferior outcurved.

distally. Saccus very short.

Female genitalia: Lamella broad, bifid caudally. Lodix narrowly sclerotized. Ductus bursae

strong, curved. Bursa copulatrix narrow; signum an oblong patch. Similar in size to M. atripuncta |

Hampson (1909) but differing from it in the absence of the spotted pattern and the presence of |

the pale ochraceous streak on the fore wing.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher) 13, 1 2, holotype and allotype..

Arctiidae 7

Manoba major sp.n. (Figures 13, 61)

3: Body whitish; head and thorax strongly suffused with burnt umber (Ridgway, Plate xxviii) ;

antennal bipectinations long; patagia and tegulae burnt umber, paler edged; pectus, legs and

abdomen more or less creamy, slightly suffused with grey brown. The markings, which are

Vandyck brown, consist on fore wing of a basal spot; a transverse spot at one-fifth of costa,

connected to the basal one by some powdering, which extends also a little distad of spots; the

costal spot represents the anterior part of the subbasal line, which further consists of an indistinct

spot below cell and another above dorsum; antemedian line absent; postmedian line represented

by two costal spots, which are partly fused, and further by a faintly marked broad, irregular

band across the wing, including a distinct DC-spot; this band is excurved at cell extremity, then

directed obliquely basad, angled in submedian fold and then extends vertically to dorsum; sub-

terminal line approximated to and more or less parallel with postmedian line, indistinct; a large

subapical costal spot and a terminal spot in interspaces iv and v; some terminal powdering and a

series of minute terminal intravenal dots. Underside whitish, suffused with grey brown; costa

darker; an obsolete DC-spot and some postmedian and subcostal powdering. Hind wing with

an indistinct DC-spot on both sides. Length of fore wing 9:5 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus narrow, almost straight, compressed, ending in a point, with a ventral

incision just below it; tegumen narrow at middle, broader laterally. Valva bifid, both costa and

sacculus ending in narrow, pointed processes of about equal length; fold of sacculus bearing stiff

setae. Aedeagus as long as valva, stout, curved, broadening proximally and bearing a strong ter-

minal cornutus; fultura superior membranous; fultura inferior disc-shaped. Vinculum narrow,

bearing at each side, at its junction with tegumen, a flat lobe, which is weakly sclerotized on its

median portion; saccus very narrow.

Placed in Manoba provisionally; closely related to M. juvensis Holland (1893), from which it

differs in its larger size and very much less sharply marked pattern.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft., 13-16. viii.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, holotype.

Caripodia chrysargyria Hampson

Caripodia chrysargyria Hampson, 1900, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., 2:248.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Asurgylla gen.n.

Proboscis vestigial. Palpi short. Hind tibiae with a single pair of spurs. Abdomen covered with

long hair, especially on terminal half. Fore wing rather narrow; costa straight for two-thirds,

then arched, apex rounded, termen almost straight, oblique; veins 4 and 5 approximated, 6 from

upper angle of cell; a small, narrow areole formed by 7 and 11; 7, 10, 8 and 9 on a stalk from

extremity of areole. Hind wing rather small, narrow; apex broadly rounded; veins 3 to 5

approximated, upper branch of DC very long, oblique; 6 and 7 well separate, 8 fused to cell

for almost the whole length.

Type species: Asurgylla collenettei sp.n.

Nearest to Agylla Walker and Agylloides Strand, differing from both in the rudimentary pro-

boscis, in the single pair of spurs on hind tibia and in the formation of the areole, which results

from the anastomosis of veins 7 and 11, the latter vein being free both in Agylla and Agylloides.

8 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Asurgylla collenettei sp.n. (Figures 14, 62)

2: Body and appendages ochraceous tawny (Ridgway, Plate xv). Wings thinly scaled. Fore wing

cinnamon buff, slightly suffused with orange; the markings, which are dark heliotrope grey

(Ridgway, Plate /), consist of five irregular bands, all but the last beginning with a blackish costal

spot; between the third and the fourth band, a weak DC-mark; the two outer bands composed

of lunules, incurved in interspaces iv and v, the outermost band not quite reaching costa; a series

of terminal interneural points in interspaces ii to iv and vi-vii; fringes concolorous. Hind wing

unmarked. Underside with marks more blurred. Length of fore wing 12 mm.

Female genitalia: Papillae extremely narrow, elongated, with long apophyses. Lodix narrow.

Lamellae strong, excised distally. Ductus bursae short and very narrow. Bursa copulatrix rounded.

Looks very much like a large Asura.

This very interesting species is named in honour of C. L. Collenette.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 4.xii.1934 (Edwards), 1 9, holotype.

Eilema Hiibner (1819)

The taxonomic arrangement of this genus is highly unsatisfactory. Some very good work by

Herr Franz Daniel of Munich has clearly shown that this genus is a composite one and that it

should be divided into several genera. No attempt has been made at a re-arrangement of the

African species included in this paper, owing to the lack of information available.

Eilema distigmata Hampson

Ilema distigmata Hampson, t90r, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8:181.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 9.

Eilema albescens (Aurivillius)

Phryganopsis albescens Aurivillius, 1910, in Sjéstedt, Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedn., 2 (9): 24.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edivards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 9.

Antennal pectinations are very long in the male.

Eilema discors sp.n. (Figures 17, 18, 69)

3: Head and antennae mars yellow (Ridgway, Plate iii); third segment of palpi black. Patagia |

and tegulae ochraceous tawny (Ridgway, Plate xv), former with a brown transverse line; thorax

ochraceous grey, paler below; legs mars yellow; fore legs blackish externally. Abdomen straw

yellow (Ridgway, Plate xvi), tinged with grey. Fore wing ochraceous tawny, slightly tinged

with chocolate colour, especially in median area and terminally; a blackish line from just beyond |

middle of costa runs obliquely outward to end of cell, where it forms a sharp angle, then |

obliquely inward to vein 2 near its base, finally more vertically to middle of dorsum; fringes with |

a brownish line separating the yellowish basal part from the whitish distal part. Underside pale

orange, brighter along costa. Hind wing straw yellow. Underside similar to that of fore wing.

Length of fore wing 14 mm.

Arctiidae 9

Q: Fore wing blunter, termen less oblique. General coloration duller. Head, patagia and tegulac

cream coloured tinged with chocolate. Fore wing straw yellow sprinkled with chocolate grey;

dark angular band less distinct and contrasted. Underside of both wings as in male. Length of

fore wing 12°5 mm.

Genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 14): Uncus relatively very small, narrow, hooked. Valva rather

narrow; sacculus strongly dentate in median portion; two claw-like processes in distal half; a

strong, horn-shaped, basal process. Aedeagus with a single, horn-shaped, median cornutus and

with a corrugated distal extremity; fultura inferior strong and rounded distally. Saccus short,

rounded.

Female genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 15): Apophyses posteriores longish; apophyses anteriores

short, curved. Sternite rather narrow. Sterigma small; lamella postvaginalis oval; lamella ante-

vaginalis narrow. Ductus bursae short, sclerotized. Signum a long, narrow rod.

Similar in pattern to E. kilimanjaronis Strand (1922), known only from the unique female type;

distinguished from it by the larger size and paler colour of both wings and structurally by the

shape of the signum in the female genitalia.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1.xii.1934-22.1.1935 (Edwards), 1 3, holotype; Ibanda,

4700 ft., 20-21.vili.1952 (Fletcher), 1 Q, allotype.

Eilema bipartita Aurivillius

Eilema bipartita Aurivillius, 1910, in Sjéstedt, Kilimandjaro-Meru Expedn., 2 (9):27, Plate 1: 12a.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 3 3, 1 8.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

Eilema taeniata sp.n. (Figure 19)

6: Head cream-coloured, vertex and back of head tinged with ochraceous grey; palpi brown;

antennae ochraceous brown. Patagia and tegulae creamy, tinged with ochraceous grey, former

with a grey brown line. Legs pale tawny, fore legs brown on inner side. Abdomen cream-

coloured, tinged with grey, extremity and venter tawny. Fore wing pale creamy ochraceous; a

band of capucine yellow (Ridgway, Plate iii) from middle of costa, broadening towards dorsum,

of which it occupies the second and third fifths; on distal margin of band, faint dark dots, one on

DC and one in submedian fold, near base of vein 2; sometimes, an indistinct dark spot at middle

of dorsum; a faint dark powdering in outer area may be present. Underside pale orange, brighter

in costal area; band as above, browner in cell and between cell and costa. Hind wing creamy white.

Length of fore wing 14 mm.

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 329): Uncus very small, narrow. Valva with a basal, costal,

lobe-shaped, spinulate process; sacculus ending in a narrow, curved, spinulate process. Aedeagus

large, stout, straight; two flattened, horn-shaped asymmetrical processes at middle. Saccus faintly

excised at middle.

Differs from the closely related E. bipartita Aurivillius (1910) superficially in the reduction of the

single transverse fascia to two or three spots and structurally in the broader uncus and markedly

asymmetrical processes of the male genitalia (Figure 19).

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft., 28-31.1.1935 (Edwards), 1 3, holotype;

Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft., 2-19.1.1935 (Edwards), 1 3.

10 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Eilema modiolus sp.n. (Figures 27, 64)

@: Antennae pale buff; frons grey brown; palpi brownish; vertex, back of head and patagia pale

buff, the latter with a dark line. Thorax and legs grey brown; fore legs darker on inner side. Fore

wing cream coloured, sprinkled with grey brown, more densely in terminal area; a brown line

from just after mid-costa extends very obliquely outwards, forming a blunt angle of about 45°

halfway between DC and termen, then obliquely inwards, broken in submedian fold, then

almost vertical to dorsum, which it reaches just beyond middle; fringes creamy with a brownish

median line. Underside brownish white, browner distally; costal streak buffy orange, broadening

distally. Hind wing white, faintly powdered with brownish; termen slightly tinged with buffy

orange; fringes as in fore wing. Underside similar. Length of fore wing 11:25 mm.

Female genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 16): Apophyses moderate. Eighth tergite narrow; eighth

sternite broadly fused with the irregularly shaped sterigma. Ductus bursae asymmetrical. Bursa

copulatrix with distal half densely but minutely spined.

Similar in pattern to E. albescens Aurivillius (1910), but most reliably distinguished from this

and other similarly patterned species in the genus by the densely spined bursa copulatrix (Figure

27)

RUWENZORI: Namwamba Valley, 6250 ft., 2-19.1.1935 (Edwards), 1 9, holotype.

Eilema pulverosa Aurivillius

Eilema pulverosa Aurivillius, 1904, Ark. Zool., 2 (2):34.

Eilema angulistrigata Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A7):182. Syn.nov.

Eilema ilemimorpha Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A7):175; (A9):96. Syn.nov.

RUWENZzORI: Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

The Semliki specimen has a weakly marked, angled, dark postmedian band.

Eilema proleucodes sp.n. (Figure 25)

®: Head, antennae, palpi, pectus, legs and base of venter pale buff; thorax light umber brown;

patagia and tegulae with paler margins; abdomen grey brown, mixed with buff; last segment

of tarsi blackish. Fore wing whitish, suffused with dresden brown (Ridgway, Plate xv), more

strongly at base, on dorsum and on termen; a silvery white costal band, broader basally, extending

to about four-fifths of costa. Underside pale grey brown, terminal area paler and suffused with

buff; costal line buff. Hind wing cream-coloured, suffused with buff, more distinctly so in apical

area. Underside with the costal line bright buff. Fringes of both wings cream-coloured. Length

of fore wing 12 mm.

Female genitalia: Lamella rather broad, excised caudally. Ductus bursae short and broad.

Bursa copulatrix rounded, without a prominent signum.

Closely related to Eilema proleuca Hampson (1914), but in E. proleucodes the apex of the fore

wing is produced, and the black subapical costal streak of E. proleuca is wanting.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 9, holotype.

Arctiidae Il

Eilema sanguicosta Hampson

Tlema sanguicosta Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8: 181.

KENYA: Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft. (Edwards), 1 9.

Eilema phaeocraspis Hampson

Ilema phaeocraspis Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8:182.

RUWENZORI: Namwamba Valley, 6250 ft. (Edwards), 1 9.

Eilema subgriseola Strand

EFilema subgriseola Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (Ag) :98.

Tlema callidescens Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1: 502, Plate 27:25. Syn.nov.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 .

Mr. Fletcher informs me that E. callidescens Hampson is conspecific with E. subgriseola Strand.

Eilema adiastola sp.n. (Figures 20, 21, 28, 59, 60)

3: Head, antennae, palpi, patagia and tegulae dull cadmium yellow (Ridgway, Plate iii); thorax

tinged with grey; legs dull cadmium yellow, fore legs tinged with brown; abdomen yellowish,

tinged with grey; anal area and venter tinged with cadmium yellow. Fore wing cadmium yellow,

very pale in disc in outer area; a broad oblique band of ochraceous tawny (Ridgway, Plate xv)

occupies the second fourth of wing and extends on costa to near apex; two black dots, one just

before DC and one in submedian fold, both near or on outer margin of median band; fringes

concolorous, paler distally. Underside with median band paler and without black dots. Hind

wing whitish suffused with orange, terminal line more orange-yellow, fringes as in fore wing.

On underside, costal area tinged with cadmium yellow. Length of fore wing 13-5 mm.

Q: Paler, with the tawny median band quite obsolete. Length of fore wing 16 mm.

Certain males from Nairobi are as large as the average females: length of fore wing up to

16°5 mm.; the largest female (Kissenji) measures 17-5 mm.

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 328): Uncus small, narrow, terminal hook minute. Valva

rather narrow; costa rounded at extremity; sacculus bearing a subbasal and a terminal tooth; a

shovel-shaped pilose harpe in basal half. Aedeagus very stout, bearing dorsally two evenly

curved, horn-shaped, flat processes. Saccus faintly excised at middle. A Nairobi specimen (* slide

Arctiidae 331) shows some differences especially in the structure of the aedeagus, the latter bear-

ing a large patch of minute cornuti and a few smaller patches; the horn-shaped processes are more

angulate, forming together a kind of lyre.

Female genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 330): Apophyses posteriores longish; apophyses anteriores

somewhat shorter, slender. Sternite ovate, excised at middle distally. Lamella antevaginalis excised.

Basal part of bursa copulatrix with some sclerotization. Signum absent. A Nairobi specimen

(* slide Arctiidae 332) is similar.

Closely similar to E. triplaiola B.-Baker (1911) in colour and pattern and most reliably distin-

guished by the genitalia (Figures 20, 21, 28).

BELGIAN CONGO: Elisabethville (Ch. Seydel), 2 3, 4.iii.1952, 13.ix.1950; Lake Kivu, Kissenji,

ix-x.1919 (T. A. Barns), 1 9.

12 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft., 20-21.viii.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3; Bwamba Pass (west side),

5500-7500 ft., 28-31.1.1935 (Edwards), 1 3, 1 Q, allotype.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 4.xii.1934 (Edwards), 1 3, holotype.

KENYA: Nairobi, (Van Someren), 2 3, 1 Q; ibid. (C. M. G. de Worms), 4 3,2 2; Nairobi Plains,

Kikuyu, 5400 ft., r.iv.1900 (R. Crawshay), 1 9; Mt. Kenya, West to North, 13-30.vi.1930 (E.

Barns), 1 3.

Eilema infucata sp.n. (Figures 8, 9, 56)

3: Head pale ochraceous with a grey tinge; antennae and last palpal segment brown. Thorax

creamy grey; legs brownish white. Fore wing light ochraceous salmon (Ridgway, Plate xv) with

a faint brownish sprinkling; a brownish streak on DC; fringes greyer, with a pale basal line.

Underside pale ochraceous; cell and costal area browner. Hind wing pale ochraceous orange;

fringes whitish. Length of fore wing 11-5 mm.

Similar in appearance to many species in the E. subgriseola Strand (1912) group and best dis-

tinguished by the structure of the genitalia (Figures 8, 9).

RUWENZORI: Namwamba Valley, 6000 ft., 2-19.i.1935 (Edwards), 1 3, holotype.

Eilema sp. near leia Hampson (1901)

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 9.

Eilema angustipennis Strand

Eilema angustipennis Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A7): 183.

Tlema pilosa Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:488. Syn.nov.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3; Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft.

(Edwards), 1 9.

Mr. Fletcher informs me that Ilema pilosa Hampson is a synonym of Eilema angustipennis Strand.

Eilema pusilana Strand

Eilema pusilana Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A7):178.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Eilema cinderella sp.n. (Figures 23, 24)

3S: Head whitish; frons and palpi sepia-grey. Thorax and abdomen pale grey brown; patagia

and tegulae whitish; sides and pectus chocolate-grey; legs pale buffish, suffused with grey brown;

venter grey brown; anal tuft cream-coloured, suffused with light ochraceous buff (Ridgway,

Plate xv). Wings whitish. Fore wing weakly suffused with light ochraceous buff and sparingly

irrorated with grey brown; a faint dark DC-mark; grey irroration slightly denser on distal third

of wing; a very narrow costal streak of light orange. Underside strongly suffused with sepia,

except on dorsal area; costal line as on upperside. Hind wing suffused with very pale grey brown.

Underside with a light orange costal streak and with apical area irrorated with grey brown.

Fringes of both wings pale grey brown with a whitish basal line. Length of fore wing 7-5 mm.

Arctiidae 13

Male genitalia: Uncus relatively long, much compressed, but slightly broadened subterminally,

weakly curved, ending in a small hook; tegumen very broad, rather deeply excised at middle.

Valva bipartite; costa elongate, ellipsoidal, rounded at extremity; sacculus narrow, slightly

longer than costa, weakly concave ventrally, tapering from half its length and ending in a small

hook. Aedeagus almost as long as valva, very robust, weakly curved; vesica broad, irregular,

fultura superior membranous; fultura inferior elliptical, with two small horns or prongs distally.

Vinculum narrow; saccus triangular, slightly excised at middle of its proximal margin.

Similar in appearance to E. minutissima B.-Baker (1911); differing from it structurally in the

longer and more strongly sclerotized sacculus and in lacking the dense cluster of cornuti at the

apex of the aedeagus.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 2 3, including holotype.

Eilema uelleburgensis Strand

Eilema uelleburgensis Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (Ag):98.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Eilema debilissima sp.n. (Figure 22)

Q: Head pale grey brown; vertex buffish; antennae cream-coloured. Thorax grey brown; patagia

and tegulae paler, latter suffused on edges with pale buffish; pectus and legs suffused with buffish;

hind legs paler. Abdomen grey brown; venter buffish; anal tuft pale ochraceous. Fore wing very

narrow, apex rather pointed, termen almost straight, oblique, costa and dorsum almost parallel.

Coloration whitish, finely irrorated with mikado brown (Ridgway, Plate xxix), especially on

termen; a fine costal line of cinnamon; fringes very pale cinnamon. Underside slightly paler;

costal line ochraceous. Hind wing creamy white; costal streak ochraceous. Length of fore wing

7 mm.

Genitalia: Lamellae broad. Ductus bursae short and broad. Bursa copulatrix shaped as illus-

trated in figure, sclerotized at the right side posteriorly; there are two signa, one large and one

small.

Similar in appearance to the preceding species and best distinguished by the structure of the

genitalia (Figure 22).

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft., 20-21.viii.1952 (Fletcher), 1 9, holotype.

Lophilema creatoplaga (Hampson) (Figure 26)

Tlema creatoplaga Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8:18r.

RUWENZORI: Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3; Nyinabitaba, 8650 ft. (Fletcher), 13.

The male genitalia of this and the following species are quite characteristic and differ very much

from those of the true Eilema (typical species E. caniola Hiibner). Lophilema is to be considered

as a very distinct genus.

Male genitalia: Uncus rather long, very slender, curved, with a minute terminal hook; base

almost square; tegumen broad. Valva large, elongate, margins almost parallel; costa ending in a

broad lobe-shaped process; termen ending in a narrower process covered with several rows of

spinules; sacculus ending in a blunt angle. Aedeagus less than half as long as valva, rather stout,

weakly bent, unarmed; fultura superior membranous; fultura inferior rather narrow, rounded

14 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

proximally, tapering into a blunt point distally. Vinculum narrow, bearing on each side

proximally a long filiform process, broadening to a plate at extremity; saccus very narrow.

Lophilema brunneotincta Rothschild (1912) may prove to be the female of L. creatoplaga.

Lophilema fletcheri sp.n. (Figures 29, $7, 58)

3: Frons and palpi blackish brown; antennae rufous; rest of head and body grey brown, tips of

tegulae, anal region and venter pale orange buff; legs grey brown, inside of fore legs blackish

brown. Fore wing cameo brown (Ridgway, Plate coi) sprinkled with cream-colour at base

of dorsum and more faintly in distal area between vein 4 and dorsum. Androconial patch glossy

orange umber, slightly edged costally with sepia, preceded and followed by some sepia in cell

and beyond. Fringes grey brown with a dark median line, whitish at extremities. Underside

Vandyck brown, tinged with orange in costal area and becoming pale orange in posterior half;

a dark costal streak. Hind wing pale buffish, tinged with orange umber in costal and terminal

areas; some brown powdering in cell; interspace ii more hyaline; fringes whitish at extremities.

Underside darker, especially in costal area which is Vandyck brown. Length of fore wing 18 mm.

Q: Fore wing narrower than in male, dorsum almost straight. Head, patagia, tegulae and legs

light ochraceous salmon (Ridgway, Plate xv) tinged with grey; thorax and abdomen creamy

grey, end of abdomen light ochraceous salmon. Fore wing white, densely sprinkled with umber

brown so that it appears to be of a light ochraceous salmon colour, with a costal line of orange

umber; fringes whitish with dark median line. Underside suffused with grey brown in anterior

half, with orange umber costal and cream-coloured subcostal streak. Hind wing whitish with a

pale ochraceous salmon tinge, more distinct on costa, at apex, on termen and on dorsum; fringes

whitish. Underside strongly tinged with pale ochraceous salmon in costal third. Some of the

female paratypes still paler, fore wing buffy white with a silvery gloss and without a brown

powdering.

Male genitalia: Uncus rather long, compressed, weakly curved, pointed at extremity; base

rounded; tegumen broad. Valva large, bipartite; costa narrow at base, then slightly broader,

then again narrowing to form a downcurved terminal process; sacculus very narrow, ending in

a flat club-shaped process, fringed with spinules. Aedeagus about half the length of valva, almost

straight, moderately robust, unarmed; fultura inferior narrow, excised distally; fultura superior

membranous. Vinculum narrow, bearing on each side a long filiform process; saccus narrow,

excised.

Distinguished from the closely related L. creatoplaga Hampson (1901) superficially in having

the androconial patch on the fore wing of the male glossy orange umber instead of ochraceous

tawny and structurally in the genitalia (Figures 26, 29).

It is a pleasure to me to name this fine new Lophilema in honour of D. S. Fletcher.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1-xii.1934-22.1.193 5 (Edwards), 2 3; Ibanda, 4700 ft., 20. viii-

12.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 2 3, 2 9; Mahoma River, 6700 ft., 13-16.vili.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, 2 9,

including holotype and allotype; Nyinabitaba, 8650 ft., 7-13.vii.1952 (Fletcher), 9 3, 11 93

Nyamaleju, 10,530 ft., 14-19.vii.1952 (Fletcher), 2 3.

Lepista pandula (Boisduval)

Lithosia pandula Boisduval, 1847, in A. Delegorgue, Voy. Afr. austr., 2:597.

UGANDA: Kigezi District, Mabungo, 6000 ft. (J. Ford), 1 9; Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 g.

Arctiidae 15

Poliosia albida Hampson

Poliosia albida Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:463, Plate 25:27.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

Poliosia pulverosa sp.n. (Figure 30)

Q: Vertex grey brown; frons and palpi sepia brown, last segment of latter black; antennae light

ochraceous buff. Patagia and tegulae fawn colour (Ridgway, Plate x1), indistinctly edged with a

paler tone; thorax burnt umber; pectus and legs fawn colour, inner side of latter suffused with

light ochraceous buff; fore tibiae and tarsi blackish. Abdomen grey brown. Fore wing burnt

umber; base and proximal two-thirds of costal area suffused with fawn colour; a very fine costal

line of light ochraceous buff; fringes light ochraceous buff with a median line of fawn. Under-

side uniformly fawn colour. Hind wing light purplish drab (Ridgway, Plate x/v), slightly darker

at apex; fringes paler, with a darker median line. Underside similar. Length of fore wing 9 mm.

Female genitalia: Ductus bursae very short. Bursa copulatrix elongate with rounded outline;

signum a patch of small granules.

Distinguished from other known African species in the genus by the almost uniformly dark

fore and hind wings.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft., 22.vili-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 2, holotype.

Tigrioides xanthopa (Holland)

Ejlema xanthopa Holland, 1893, Psyche. 6: 411.

Tigrioides termineola Hampson, 1907, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 19:230. Syn.nov.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 3, 1 9.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3; Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Mr. Fletcher informs me that Tigrioides termineola Hampson is a synonym of Eilema xanthopa

Holland.

Crocosia phaeocraspis Hampson (Figure 54)

Crocosia phaeocraspis Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1: 470.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 3 3.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3, 1 9.

The female lacks the ochraceous coloration in the proximal halves of both the fore and hind

wings.

Phryganopsis Felder (1874)

There is very little doubt that this genus cannot be maintained in its present composition. The male

genitalic structures of several species dissected for the present paper belong to a number of

different types. Those of Ph. asperatella (Walker) (1864) show, for instance, wide differences as

compared with those of a group of small species related to Ph. tinaeella sp.n. The latter group is

indeed more nearly related to the typical Eilema, of which the type species is E. caniola Hiibner

16 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

(1803-1808) ; their chief differences from Eilema s.str. consist in a more slender uncus (however,

E. lurideola (Zinck.) (1817) and E. sororcula (Hufnagel) (1767) exhibit an uncus of the same shape

as Ph. tinaeella and relatives) ; in the aedeagus, bearing a very large, single cornutus (E. caniola has

one large and two small cornuti, whereas other typical Eilema have several medium sized cornuti) ;

and in the saccus that is typically short and excised, not extended and truncate. These differences

may possibly be of generic value; otherwise the morphological differences between Phryganopsis

s.l. and Eilema s.str., such as details of venation and reduction of proboscis (which is by no means

constant), are slender enough. Besides the tinaeella-group, a few other species mentioned here

(such as Ph. minutissima sp.n., Ph. derelicta Debauche (1942) and probably Ph. edwardsi sp.n.) should

also be removed from Phryganopsis and placed in genera of their own.

For the purposes of this paper it is, however, sufficient to mention these differences without

taking any step towards a new arrangement of the group.

It is important to note that, according to Mr. Fletcher who has examined the types of both

species, Ph. sordida Felder (1874) is specifically distinct from Ph. asperatella (Walker). Felder’s

species is the type of the genus Phryganopsis.

Phryganopsis celida (B.-Baker)

Tlema celida B.-Baker, t911, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 7: 536.

Pusiola celidana Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A9):93. Syn.nov.

Phryganopsis unipunctana Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A7):172. Syn.nov.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 7 3; Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

Mr. Fletcher informs me that Pusiola celidana Strand and Phryganopsis unipunctana Strand are

both synonyms of Phryganopsis celida B.-Baker.

Phryganopsis straminea Hampson

Phryganopsis straminea Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8:179.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

Phryganopsis costimacula (Mabille)

Lithosia costimacula Mabille, 1878, Bull. Soc. zool. Fr., 3:87.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Phryganopsis tryphosa sp.n. (Figures 35-37, 55)

32: Head and antennae greyish orange; last segment of palpi blackish. Thorax greyish orange;

patagia with a dark line; fore legs brown on inner side; middle and hind legs pale ochraceous

tawny (Ridgway, Plate xv) on inner side, grey brown on outer side. Abdomen creamy grey,

anal area light ochraceous tawny. Fore wing ochraceous tawny with a faint suffusion of

chocolate colour, especially at base of dorsum and in apical and terminal areas; a conspicuous

triangular black spot on middle of costa; some black scaling around DC and a spot of black

scales in submedian fold, below base of veins 3 and 4; a few black scales form a faint line connecting

Arctiidae 17

the two latter marks with middle of dorsum; fringes greyer, with a pale median line. Under-

side pale orange tawny, grey brown in disc and apically, more orange costally; pattern absent.

Hind wing white, faintly suffused with orange; fringes with a pure white median line. On

underside, costal area light tawny orange. Length of fore wing 11-5 mm.

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 44): Valva bifid for greater part; costal process pointed; sac-

culus narrow, cutlass-shaped, spinulate; a strong claw-shaped subbasal harpe. Aedeagus with a

single large cornutus (though much smaller than in most species) in distal half, and with a few

minute terminal ones; fultura inferior with strong lateral prongs. Saccus very broadly rounded.

Female genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 45): Apophyses of medium length. Sternite deeply excised

distally. Sterigma small, narrow. Signum minute, oval.

Differs from the closely related P. costimacula Mabille superficially in the ochraceous colour

of the wings and the presence of a faintly marked transverse fascia on the fore wing of the male

and structurally in the very well developed sacculus in the male genitalia (Figure 37) and the

very slender ductus bursae in the female genitalia (Figure 35).

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft., 28-31.1.193 5 (Edwards), 1 g, 2 2 includ-

ing holotype and allotype.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.vili-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 5 3.

Phryganopsis melema sp.n. (Figures 38-40, 63)

$: Frons and palpi blackish; vertex and antennae dull orange. Patagia pale orange grey; tegulae

light greyish brown. Thorax brown; legs dark grey brown. Abdomen creamy grey; anal area

tinged with dull orange. Fore wing whitish, densely sprinkled with umber brown; a small streak

of sepia blackish at middle of costa; some dark apical powdering; an almost vertical brown line

from middle of dorsum to vein 2 near its base; fringes greyish, but blackish in anterior half of

wing, whitish at extremities. Underside suffused with dark grey brown; a rusty ochraceous

costal streak, with a blackish costal line in basal half. Hind wing pale buffy with a faint brownish

tinge towards apex. Underside suffused with grey brown in costal and apical areas. Length of

fore wing 10 mm.

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 52): Uncus semi-elliptical, downcurved; superuncus present,

its base semi-oval, its extremity short, hooked. Valva bifid in terminal third; costa lobe-shaped,

bearing a spiculate process along its middle; extremity of sacculus claw-shaped. Aedeagus

narrow distally, bearing several irregular patches of minute cornuti or corrugations; fultura

inferior with a median process; fultura superior with two narrow lateral arms. Saccus short,

faintly excised in middle.

Female genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 53): Apophyses posteriores long, about three times as long

as apophyses anteriores. Lamella postvaginalis twice as broad as long, the anterior edge sinuous.

Ductus bursae short. Distal portion of bursa copulatrix spiculate. Signum minute, oval.

Differs from the closely related P. asperatella Walker (1864) superficially in the darker colour

of the wings and structurally in the presence of the spiculate process along the middle of the costa

of the valva and the absence of a stout cornutus in the aedeagus in the male genitalia (Figures 39,

40) and in the well developed lamella postvaginalis in the female genitalia (Figure 38).

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft., 28-31.1.1935 (Edwards), 4 3, including

holotype.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 9, allotype.

18 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Phryganopsis flavifrontella Strand

Phryganopsis flavifrontella Strand, 1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A9):94.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9; Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Phryganopsis poliosia sp.n. (Figures 33, 42, 71)

39: Head and thorax grey brown; antennae tinged with cream colour; legs pale buffish; inner

surface of fore femora and tibiae sepia. Abdomen grey brown, with creamy white pilosity

forming indistinct, pale, terminal segmental rings; anal region pale buffish. Fore wing creamy

white, densely and regularly irrorated with Vandyck brown; fringes paler, whitish at tips. Under-

side similar, with base of costa suffused with sepia and with a terminal suffusion of pale cinnamon.

Hind wing creamy white, very faintly suffused with Vandyck brown on apex and termen.

Underside strongly tinged with grey brown and suffused with pale cinnamon on costa, apex

and termen: fringes as in fore wing. Length of forewing 8-5 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus relatively very small, narrow, hook-shaped, with an oval base; tegumen

very broad, with its proximal margin almost straight. Valva elongate and broad; costa broadly

rounded terminally; sacculus ending in a narrow, hook-shaped process, as long as the costal

process; margin of sacculus broadly folded; a small, raised process at mid-valva; pilosity moder-

ate. Aedeagus hardly shorter than valva, very stout, broadened and flattened proximally, with

one side sclerotized; vesica with a large internal cornutus; fultura superior membranous; fultura

inferior semi-oval, swollen. Vinculum narrow; saccus ending in two broad, blunt processes.

Female genitalia: Genital plate as broad as long, slightly narrowed medially. Ductus bursae

cylindrical, membranous. Bursa copulatrix almost ovate; posterior third unevenly sclerotized,

remainder membranous with a single signum in anterior third.

Distinguished from the many species in the genus with similar facies by the cornutus in the

aedeagus of the male genitalia (Figure 42) and by the structure of the female genitalia (Figure 33).

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1.xii.1934-22.1.1935 (Edwards), 14 3.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft., 22.viii-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 6 3, 1 9, including holotype and

allotype; Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 4.xii.1934 (Edwards), 1 3.

Phryganopsis sordidula (Kiriakoff)

Oedaleosia sordidula Kiriakoff, 1954, Expl. Parc Nat. Upemba, Miss. G. F. de Witte 1946-49,

Fasc. 26:33, Plates 1:8, 6:5.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

Mr. Fletcher, who has made a particularly careful study of the genus Phryganopsis, thinks that

Oe. sordidula should be placed with the latter and I am following his suggestion.

Phryganopsis tinaeella sp.n. (Figures 31, 32, 34)

32: Head and thorax grey brown; antennae pale buff; legs buffish, tinged with grey brown on

inner side; abdomen cream-coloured with a grey tinge; anal area and venter buffish. Fore wing

pale buff, more or less strongly suffused with grey brown; fringes pale at extremities. Underside

Arctiidae 19

darker grey brown, ends of veins and a terminal streak buffy orange; dorsal area whitish. Hind

wing creamy white; terminal streak pale brownish buff; fringes pale at tips. Underside more or

less strongly irrorated with grey brown; costal and terminal areas more buffish. Length of fore

wing 9°5 mm.

The grey brown suffusion varies in intensity. Female slightly larger, fore wing up to 11 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus relatively large, very narrow, weakly curved, with a weak terminal

hook; base semi-oval; tegumen very broad, its proximal margin straight, excised at middle.

Valva broad, almost ellipsoidal; costa broadly rounded at extremity; sacculus ending in a rather

short, hook-shaped process; fold of sacculus rather narrow; harpe relatively large. Aedeagus

almost as long as valva, robust; vesica with two small, scobinate patches and a single, strong

cornutus; fultura superior weakly chitinized; fultura inferior well developed, semi-oval. Vinculum

and saccus shaped as in other species of this group.

Female genitalia: Genital plate twice as broad as long. Ductus bursae cylindrical, lightly

sclerotized. Bursa copulatrix shaped as illustrated, wholly membranous with a single signum

medially.

Darker in colour and rougher scaled than the preceding species but best distinguished by the

cornutus in the aedeagus in the male genitalia (Figure 32) and by the structure of the female

genitalia (Figure 34).

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft., 1-xii.1934-22.1.1935 (Edwards), 6 3, 1 2; Ibanda, 4700 ft.,

4-12.1x.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, 2 2, including holotype and allotype; Bwamba Pass (west side)

§5§00-7500 ft., 28-31.1.1935 (Edwards), 4 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 4.xii.1934 (Edwards), 25 3, 1 9.

Phryganopsis minutissima sp.n. (Figures 41, 65)

3: Head and antennae light orange; frons and palpi blackish sepia; thorax blackish; patagia grey

brown edged with light orange; pectus and legs light chocolate grey; abdomen blackish; venter

and anal region creamy suffused with cinnamon buff. Fore wing pale grey brown suffused with

light orange and with a fine costal line of that colour; dorsal area darker grey brown; a few dark

scales scattered over the wing, especially in distal half; a rather distinct, dark DC-spot; fringes

cream-coloured. Underside suffused with sepia, except at termen; basal third of costa blackish.

Hind wing rather dark grey brown; terminal line light orange; fringes cream-coloured. Under-

side paler; anterior half suffused with sepia. Length of fore wing 6 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus relatively well developed, narrow, well curved, with a sharp extremity ;

base almost semicircular; tegumen broad, proximal margin broadly incurved. Valva bifid; costa

elongate, with almost parallel margins, broadly rounded at extremity; valvula weakly sclero-

tized; a strongly sclerotized transverse bridge at basal quarter, connecting the strongly sclerotized

costa and sacculus and bearing a small, claw-shaped process; sacculus very narrow, slightly longer

than costa, weakly incurved and pointed, with a strong basal fold. Aedeagus about half the

length of valva, robust, straight, narrowing distally; fultura superior strong, with squarish

lateral plates; fultura inferior well developed, with a distal narrow process, as long as rest of

fultura. Vinculum and saccus narrow.

Smaller in size than the preceding two species; readily distinguishable from them and from

other species in the genus with similar facies by the structure of the genitalia (Figure 41).

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft., 5—10.1x.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, holotype.

Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

(e)

Phryganopsis edwardsi sp.n. (Figure 43)

g: Antennal pectinations rather long. Head cinnamon buff, suffused with grey brown. Patagia

pure cinnamon buff; remainder of body grey brown; anal area slightly tinged with buffy yellow.

Fore wing cinnamon buff, suffused with light chocolate grey; an indistinct, grey DC-spot.

Underside suffused with darker brown in terminal area. Hind wing paler, especially in anal

third. Fringes of both wings paler at ends. Underside of hind wing as dark as the anterior half of

fore wing. Length of fore wing to mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus relatively strong, compressed, weakly downcurved, with a small

terminal hook; base rounded; tegumen rather narrow, especially laterally. Valva broad; costa

broadest part, rounded distally; sacculus broad at base, ending in a tapered process. Aedeagus

one half again as long as valva, very robust, straight, with two large cornuti, one median, the

other terminal; fulturae very weakly sclerotized, except on ventral and distal edges. Vinculum

narrow; saccus narrow, produced into a narrow, blunt process.

Closely related to P. plumosa (Mabille) (1890) from Madagascar and possibly a subspecies of it;

differs in its considerably larger size and in the larger median cornutus in the aedeagus of the male

genitalia.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft., 4.xii.1934 (Edwards), t 3, holotype.

Phryganopsis derelicta Debauche

Phryganopsis derelicta Debauche, 1942, Expl. Parc Nat. Albert, Miss. G. F. de Witte 1933-35,

asc, 417.17, Plates/1:9; 376, 42%, 2.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 $; Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3, 1 9.

UGANDA: Kigezi, Mt. Mgahinga, 8000 ft. (Edivards), 1 3.

Utetheisa pulchella (Linn.)

Phalaena pulchella Linn., 1758, Syst. Nat. (Ed. 10), 534.

UGANDA: Kigezi, Mabungo Camp, 6000 ft. (Ford), 1 3.

Carcinarctia metamelaena Hampson

Carcinarctia metamelaena Hampson, 1901, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., 3:472.

KENYA: Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft. (Edwards), 2 3.

Spilosoma sublutescens sp.n. (Figure 48)

3: Head creamy grey, with a rusty orange nuchal line; palpi pale ochraceous, blackish on outer

side; antennae grey with pale shaft. Patagia creamy grey, edged posteriorly with rusty orange;

tegulae creamy grey, becoming creamy distally; thorax grey, suffused with creamy orange;

sides with rusty orange hair; legs grey brown, streaked with rusty orange above. Fore wing

creamy white, thinly scaled; veins creamy orange in basal half; a creamy orange subcostal streak;

fringes cream coloured. Underside similar. Hind wing almost hyaline; costa, termen and anal

margin cream coloured. Length of fore wing 18 mm.

Arctiidae 1

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 80): Uncus broad, depressed, with dorsal keels and with a

small terminal hook; superuncus membranous. Valva with irregular terminal indentations and

with a larger subterminal tooth on sacculus; a large bifid process arising before middle, its outer

prong serrate and spiculate. Aedeagus rather slender, bearing a larger subterminal and a minute

terminal, lateral cornutus, fultura inferior broad, slightly excised distally. Saccus rounded, slightly

incurved laterally.

Differs from the closely related S. Iutescens Walker (1855) superficially in the thinly scaled

wings and structurally in the genitalia (Figure 48); in /utescens the heavily sclerotized process

arising from near the base of the valva is tapered and not bifid.

UGANDA: Ibanda, 4700 ft., 4-12.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, holotype.

Spilosoma sublutescens fletcheri subsp.n. (Figures 46, 47)

3: This well-differentiated southern race of S. sublutescens is slightly yellower; the creamy grey

portions of the body are pale ochraceous with a faint grey tinge and the rusty orange colour is

replaced by bright orange; the legs are also tinged with ochraceous orange. There are also some

genitalic differences (* slide Arctiidae 132): valva with a large triangular tooth at two-thirds of

sacculus; termen spatulate. Aedeagus with two cornuti of about equal size and preceded by a

number of small cornuti arranged in two rows; fultura inferior smaller, rounded distally. Saccus

evenly rounded.

TANGANYIKA TERRITORY: Arusha District (Lieut. M. J. Moore), 1 3 holotype.

Spilosoma oligostictum Hampson

Spilosoma oligosticta Hampson, 1920, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 2:368, Plate SRT.

Estigmene jacksoni Rothschild, 1910, Novit. zool., 17: 164 nec 140.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Spilosoma curvilinea Walker

Spilosoma curvilinea Walker, 1855, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 3:671.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3; Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Spilosoma aurantiacum (Holland)

Alpenus aurantiaca Holland, 1893, Psyche, 6:397 (9).

Alpenus multiscripta Holland, 1893, Psyche, 6:398 (3).

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Spilosoma bifurca (Walker)

Aloa bifurca Walker, 1855, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 3:700.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3.

22 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Spilosoma scioanum scioanum (Oberthiir)

Cycnia scioana Oberthiir, 1880, Ann. Mus. Stor. nat. Genova, 15:176, Plate 1:8.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3; Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 3 3.

Spilosoma habrotima Tams

Spilosoma habrotima Tams, 1930, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (10) 5:485, Plate 18:2.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Spilosoma melanodiscum (Hampson)

Diacrisia melanodisca Hampson, 1907, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 19 :236.

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3; Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft.

(Edwards), 1 3.

Spilosoma sulphureum Bartel

Spilosoma sulphurea Bartel, 1903, Iris, 16: 189.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3; Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3; Bwamba Pass

(west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, sooo ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Estigmene ochreomarginata B.-Baker

Estigmene ochreomarginata B.-Baker, 1909, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 3:429.

UGANDA: Masaka (Edwards), 1 3.

Estigmene unipuncta Hampson

Estigmene unipuncta Hampson, 1905, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 15:447.

KENYA: Kitale (Jackson), 3 3.

Estigmene multivittata Rothschild

Estigmene multivittata Rothschild, 1910, Novit. zool., 17: 164.

KENYA: Kitale (Jackson), 4 3.

Estigmene pamphilia sp.n. (Figures 44, 45, 66, 67)

3: Head light ochraceous buff (Ridgway, Plate xv), with a nuchal line of brighter orange; palpi

black on outer side; antennae blackish with basal half of shaft creamy grey. Thorax light ochrac-

eous buff; extremities of tegulae paler; fore legs blackish; femora streaked with orange above,

inside pale; mid and hind femora with creamy hair; tibiae and tarsi grey brown. Abdomen orange

with a median and a lateral series of black dots; venter paler. Fore wing light ochraceous buff

with dark veins; fringes paler at extremities. Underside slightly paler. Hind wing paler; veins

concolorous, only extremity of veins 3 to 6 darker. Length of fore wing 17 mm.

nee

Arctiidae 23

Male genitalia (* slide Arctiidae 85): Uncus bipartite, irregular, asymmetrical, each part de-

pressed and bifid. Valva narrow, broadening distally to form a rounded lobe; a folded process

arises from the costal margin. Aedeagus medium, weakly curved; vesica with numerous minute

cornuti; fultura inferior broad, excised distally, distal margin irregular. Saccus forming an angle

of about 40°.

The Kenya specimens are conspecific with the Bugoye ones; they are, however, slightly differ-

ent in coloration, some specimens having the fore wings more orange and the hind wings

suffused with chocolate grey except at base, while other specimens show darker, almost chocolate

erey fore wings and a variable amount of dark suffusion on the hind wings. The male genitalia,

however, do not differ.

Nearest to Estigmene linea (Walker) (1855). This species has, however, three, not two prongs to

the uncus, and the distal lobe of the valva is narrowed towards the extremity, not rounded.

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft., 5-10.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 3, 2 9, including holotype and allo-

BYIDE:

KENYA: Kitale (Jackson), 8 3, 1 9; ibid. (G. W. Jeffery), 3 3 (31-iii.1927, I-iv.1927, 6.iv.1927),

1 Q (7.iv.1927); Nairobi (Mrs. D. M. Hopkins), 1 3 (1.ix.1927); ibid. (G. H. E. Hopkins), 1 3

(v.1928); Nakutu (H. A. Bodeker), 1 3 (8.v.1911).

Creatonotus neurophaeus Hampson

Creatonotus neurophaea Hampson, 1911, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 8: 409.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 g; Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft.

(Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 J; Fort Portal, sooo ft. (Edwards), 8 3.

The Ibanda specimen differs from the others in being pure white and unmarked; the genitalia

do not, however, differ in any respect.

Teracotona clara Holland

Teracotona clara Holland, 1895, Proc. U.S. Mus., 18:249, Plate 7:12.

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft (Fletcher), 4 3; Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Seirarctia Packard (1864) being typically North American, I follow the suggestion of Mr.

Fletcher in placing this and the following species with the purely African genus Teracotona

Butler (1878). I do this the more willingly because it corresponds with my repeatedly expressed

general opinion on the matter.

Teracotona translucens (Griinberg)

Seirarctia translucens Griinberg, 1907, Berlin. ent. Z., 52:66.

Teracotona subflava Joicey & Talbot, 1924, Bull. Hill Mus., 1 (3):550; T. A. Barns, 1923, Across

the Great Craterland to the Congo, Plate 80:4. Syn. nov.

RUWENZORI: Bugoye, 4500 ft. (Fletcher), 5 g$; Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft (Edwards), 1 3;

Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 J; Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 3 3.

Mr. Fletcher informs me that Teracotona subflava Joicey & Talbot is conspecific with T.

translucens Griinberg.

24 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Teracotona wittei (Debauche)

Seirarctia wittei Debauche, 1942, Expl. Parc Nat. Albert, Miss. G. F. de Witte 193 3-35, Fasc. 41:23,

Plates 1:11, 4:3, 4.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 6 3.

Pericallia leopoldi (Debauche)

Spilosoma leopoldi Debauche, 1942, Expl. Parc Nat. Albert, Miss. G. F. de Witte 1933-35, Fasc.

41:19, Plates 1:10, 2:7-9.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3; Mahoma River, 6700 ft.

(Fletcher), 2 3.

One of the Mahoma River specimens has uniformly grey brown hind wings without any dark

markings. The genitalia, however, show no differences.

Pericallia costimacula Joicey & Talbot

Pericallia costimacula Joicey & Talbot, 1924, Bull. Hill Mus., 3 (1):553; T. A. Barns, 1923, Across

the Great Craterland to the Congo, Plate 80:12.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

The two species of Pericallia mentioned in this paper are probably not congeneric with Pericallia

matronula (Linn.), the type species of the genus, and may belong to the genus Seydelia Kiriakoff

(1952), of which Pericallia ellioti Butler (1895) is the type (cf. Kiriakoff, 1952, Bull. (Ann.) Soc. ent.

Belg., 88:40).

Rhodogastria bubo (Walker)

Canopus bubo Walker, 1855, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 3:747.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 .

Carpostalagma viridis (Plétz)

Caryatis viridis Plétz, 1880, Stett. ent. Ztg., 41:80.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Amphicallia tigris (Butler)

Hypercompa tigris Butler, 1883, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (5) 12: 106.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Jackson), 1 g; Namwamba Valley, 6500 ft. (Jackson), 2 9;

Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 9; Mubuku Valley, 7800 ft. (Edwards), 1 9.

Secusio strigata Walker (Figure 49)

Secusio strigata Walker, 1854, List Lep: Ins. B:M., 27559.

KENYA: Thika, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

The male genitalia of this species are figured here to show how they differ from those of the

new species described below.

Arctiidae 25

Secusio doriae (Oberthiir)

Pseudocallimorpha doriae Oberthiir, 1880, Ann. Mus. Stor. nat. Genova, 15:175, Plate 1:7.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

This specimen is much smaller than most of those in the British Museum (Natural History),

though it is almost matched in size by a specimen from Mbaruk, B. E. Africa.

Secusio (?) rileyi sp.n. (Figures 50, 51, 68)

3: Head pale grey brown, much mixed with whitish; vertex with two conspicuous black spots;

palpi orange with an outer black line at base; last segment black; antennae pale grey brown.

Patagia pale orange with two black spots on each side; tegulae pale grey brown, whitish on inner

edges and terminally; thorax pale grey brown; pectus and legs pale orange, latter streaked with

brownish on upperside. Abdomen pale orange, with a series of black dorsal triangles, the two

last ones larger, especially the terminal one. Fore wing light grey brown; two black basal streaks;

a basal and a subbasal black spot on costa; an antemedian, subcostal streak with two rather

diffuse spots above it on costa; inner line represented by two short, black streaks, one on media,

the other on anal vein; a round cell-spot and a lunulate DC-spot, both edged with white and con-

nected by a white streak; above these spots, the costal area is whitish, with a small, blackish, costal

dot; a postmedian series of black spots, outcurved in interspaces ii to vi, the spots growing larger

toward dorsum; two spots in interspace i, one minute above a large one; a minute dot on dorsum;

all these spots edged with whitish, the four anterior very narrowly, those in interspaces i and ii

very broadly; a dentate, whitish, subterminal line; fringes darker grey brown, paler at extremities.

Underside uniformly dark grey brown, black spots showing through from upperside; a black

DC-line; base and proximal half of dorsal area suffused with pale orange. Hind wing pale orange

in basal half, with a black DC-dot; outer half grey brown, rather ater than in oe wing; a

pale and a dark, terminal line; fringes paler at extremities. Underside slightly paler and duller.

Length of fore wing 18 mm.

Male genitalia: Uncus short, bifid, with processes strongly compressed; it has a short basal

knob and ends in a sharp hook or claw, directed downwards; tegumen very narrow in median

portion, broad laterally. Valva strong and well developed, narrow, with lateral margins parallel;

distal portion broadened, fanlike; pilosity absent. Aedeagus about as long as valva, strongly

curved, rather slender, broadening distally; vesica small; fultura inferior very strongly developed,

rather narrow, upcurving to match the shape of the aedeagus, and ending proximally in two

strongly sclerotized, sharp, clawlike processes; fultura superior membranous, supported laterally

by strong, well sclerotized prongs arising from upper angle of vinculum. Latter rather broad;

saccus broadly semi-circular.

This species is certainly not congeneric with Secusio strigata Walker, because of the wide

differences in male genitalic structures. Readily distinguishable from other species in the genus

by colour and pattern.

It gives me pleasure to name this species in honour of N. D. Riley.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft., 22.vili-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), i 3, holotype; Bundibugyo

3440 ft., 22.vili-3.ix.1952 (Fletcher), 1 9, allotype.

26 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

Deilemera itokina Aurivillius

Deilemera itokina Aurivillius, 1904, Ark. Zool., 2 (4):40, Figure 31.

Deilemera marcida Swinhoe, 1906, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 17:548. Syn.nov.

Deilemera plana Wichgraf, 1921, Ent. Z. (Guben), 18:94. Syn.nov.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 4 3.

Mr. Fletcher informs me that both D. marcida Swinhoe and D. plana Wichgraf are synonyms

of D. itokina Aurivillius.

Deilemera rattrayi Swinhoe

Deilemera rattrayi Swinhoe, 1904, Trans. ent. Soc. Lond., 1904: 147.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

Soloe trigutta Walker

Soloe trigutta Walker, 1854, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 2:557.

UGANDA: Budongo Forest (Edwards), 1 3, 1 9 taken in copula.

Anapisa melaleuca (Holland)

Anace melaleuca Holland, 1898, Ent. News, 9:13.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3.

As I was able to show a few years ago (1952, Rev. Zool. Bot. afr., 46:173), most of the species

generally placed in the genus Apisa Walker do not even belong to the family Thyretidae, because

their tympanic structures are of a pure noctuid type. They must accordingly be placed among

the Arctiidae, probably in a supergeneric group of their own. Their correct place in the family

Arctiidae is not altogether clear owing to lack of information on both tympanic and genitalic

structures of so many of the Arctiids. The genus Anapisa Kiriakoff (1952) is provisionally placed

in this paper between the Nyctemerines and the Ctenuchines, among which latter the genus Apisa

used to be classified before their tympanic structures became known.

Anapisa metarctiodes (Hampson)

Apisa metarctiodes Hampson, 1907, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 19:224.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 3 3; Mahoma River, 6700

ft. (Fletcher), 1 9.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Ceryx crawshayi Hampson

Ceryx crawshayi Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8: 166.

KENYA: Aberdare Range, Katamayo, 8000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3; Kinangop, 8000 ft. (Ford), 1 3.

The Kinangop specimen has very little black at the base of the cell and the base of interspace ii

is hyaline for about one-fourth.

Arctiidae 27

Amata chrysozona (Hampson)

Syntomis chrysozona Hampson, 1898, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., 1:90, Plate 3:21.

Syntomis rubritincta Hampson, 1903, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 11:338. Syn.nov.

UGANDA: Kigezi, Mabungo Camp, 6000 ft. (Ford), 1 3; Mt. Muhavura, 7000 ft. (Edwards), t 3.

Mr. Fletcher informs me that Syntomis rubritincta Hampson is a synonym of Amata chrysozona

(Hampson).

Amata thomasina (Butler)

Syntomis thomasina Butler, 1876, J. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool., 12:348.

RUWENZORI: Nyamagasani Valley (Buxton), 1 2; Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 .

Eressa africana (Hampson)

Eressa africana Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phal. B.M., Suppl., 1:48, Plate 3:15.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 g; Namwamba Valley,

6000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

The African species of the genus Eressa Walker 1854 very probably deserve to be placed in a

distinct genus, viz. Eressades Bethune-Baker (1911) (see discussion in Kiriakoff, 1948, Bull. (Ann.)

Soc. ent. Belg., 84:231).

FIG. FIG.

1. Philenora tripuncta sp.n. 3 genitalia 4. Asura phaeosticta sp.n. 3 genitalia, lateral view

2. Siccia duodecimpunctata sp.n. apex of right valve 5. Asura peripherica hilara subsp.n. aedeagus

3. Siccia duodecimpunctata sp.n. left valve 6. Asura peripherica hilara subsp.n. 3 genitalia, lateral view |

Arctiidae 29

Ls I at bs

m7 BAAN Oy

o g

STARS

| : FIG.

| 7. Asura submarmorata sp.n. 2 genitalia

| 8. Eilema infucata sp.n. 3 genitalia

9. Eilema infucata sp.n. aedeagus

10. Siccia adiaphora sp.n. 3 genitalia

11. Manoba flavicosta sp.n. 3 genitalia

Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

FIG.

12. Chionaema margarethae sp.n. 3 genitalia

43. Manoba major sp.n. 3 genitalia

14. Asurgylla collenettei sp.n. 2 genitalia

15. Manoba costimacula sp.n. 3 genitalia

16. Manoba flavicosta sp.n. 2 genitalia

Arctiidae

17. Eilema discors sp.n. 3 genitalia

18. Eilema discors sp.n. aedeagus

19. Eilema taeniata sp.n. 3 genitalia

20. Eilema adiastola sp.n. genitalia of holotype 3

21. Eilema adiastola sp.n. genitalia of paratype 3

32 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

: 10

= \ a S

22. Eilema debilissima sp.n. 9 genitalia

23. Eilema cinderella sp.n. 3 genitalia

25. Eilema proleucodes sp.n. 2 genitalia

24. Eilema cinderella sp.n. aedeagus

FIG.

Arctiidae

LO eee |

AC ON

fi Lp al pea veny

We 2 aes

FIG.

26. Lophilema creatoplaga Hampson ¢ genitalia

27. Eilema modiolus sp.n. Q genitalia

28. Eilema adiastola sp.n. 2 genitalia

29. Lophilema fletcheri sp.n. 3 genitalia

34 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 2

' y

Faq *s ae

Lea ere

Bi WS

FIG.

30. Poliosia pulverosa sp.n. 2 genitalia

31. Phryganopsis tinaeella sp.n. 3 genitalia

32. Phryganopsis tinaeella sp.n. aedeagus

FIG.

33. Phryganopsis poliosia sp.n. 2 genitalia

34. Phryganopsis tinaeella sp.n. 2 genitalia

Arctiidae

vipers P curds viuajam sisdouvsduyg ‘ob

snsvopoe ‘u'ds vuajau sisdouvdduyg *6£

eremues & -urds puajau sisdouvsduyg “gf

eresuss P -u'ds vsoyddy sisdouvdduyg “LE

snsvopoe ‘u'ds vsoydduy sisdouvddiyg “of

eyeiuas & ‘urds vsoydduy sisdouvsddayg “SE

FIG.

41. Phryganopsis minutissima sp.n. 3 genitalia

42. Phryganopsis poliosia sp.n. 3 genitalia

43. Phryganopsis edwardsi sp.n. 3 genitalia

44. Estigmene pamphilia sp.n. aedeagus

45. Estigmene pamphilia sp.n. 3 genitalia

Arctiidae 37

)

\MRETG. FIG.

46. Spilosoma sublutescens fletcheri subsp.n. aedeagus 49. Secusio strigata Walker 3 genitalia .

| 47. Spilosoma sublutescens fletcheri subsp.n. 3 genitalia 50. Secusio rileyi sp.n. 3 genitalia, ventral view

48. Spilosoma s. sublutescens sp.n. 3 genitalia st. Secusio rileyi sp.n. 3 genitalia, lateral view

Siccia adiaphora sp.n. 3 (x 2)

. Asura peripherica hilara subsp.n. 3 (

Crocosia phaecocraspis Hampson &

5. Phryganopsis tryphosa sp.n. 3 (x 2)

. Ejlema infucata sp.n. 3 (x 2)

. Lophilema fletcheri spn. 3 (X 2)

. Lophilema fletcheri sp.n. 9 (x 2)

. Eilema adiastola sp.n. 2 (x 2)

. Eilema adiastola sp.n. 3 (Xx 2)

Manoba major sp.n. 3 (X 2)

FIG.

. Eilema modiolus sp.n. 2 (x 2)

. Phryganopsis minutissima sp.n. 6

FIG.

66.

67.

OS.

09.

70.

Estigniene pamphilia sp.n. 3

Estigmene pamphilia sp.n.

Secusio rileyi sp.n. 3 (x 2)

Eilema discors sp.n. 3 (x 2)

Chionaema margarethae sp.n.

(x 2

)

}

Arctiidae

Phryganopsis poliosia sp.n. 3

Manoba costimacula sp.n.

Siccia duodee HNpun fata Sp.

Philenora ti ipuncta sp.n.

Asura phaeosticta sp.n. 3 (>

“

oats

Thyretidae and Notodontidae

By S. G. KIRIAKOFF

The material collected by the British Museum Expeditions to Ruwenzori in 1934-5 and in 1952

has proved very interesting as far as the Notodontoidea and the Arctiidae are concerned, not only

on account of the numerous new forms found among it, but also because it contains several

specifically mountain forms, the latter fact being of considerable importance to our knowledge

of the African fauna. A number of Thyretidae and Arctiidae seem to be confined to the higher

elevations; several of these forms have already been mentioned by Debauche (1942) from the

Albert National Park in the Kivu region of the Belgian Congo. The Notodontidae seem on the

other hand to have a more even distribution and seem not to develop distinct mountain forms

or races, although a few specimens have been collected from as high as 7500 and even 8000 ft.

I am deeply indebted to Mr. D. S. Fletcher for having suggested that I study the Ruwenzori

collections and for his constant and invaluable help in the preparation of this paper. Also I would

thank Mr. W. H. T. Tams, who has again helped me most generously.

Notodontoidea

THYRETIDAE

Diakonoffia kivensis (Dufrane)

Apisa kivensis Dufrane, 1945, Bull. (Ann.) Soc. ent. Belg., 81: 128.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Anace perpusilla Walker

Anace perpusilla Walker, 1856, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 7: 1720.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 ¢.

Rhipidarctia (Elsita) invaria invaria (Walker)

Anace invaria Walker, 1856, List Lep. Ins. B.M., 7:1720.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 $; Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3.

ar 41

42 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 3

Rhabdomarctia waelbroecki (Debauche)

Metarctia waelbroecki Debauche, 1938, Bull. Mus. Hist. nat. Belg., 14, Number 9:1.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 2 3; Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 4 3.

One specimen is much darker. It does not differ, however, in the structure of the genitalia.

Debauche’s type came from Kinshasa, Lower Congo and remains as yet unique from‘that region;

the species has subsequently been recorded from the eastern mountains only, the Albert National

Park, Kivu and Ruwenzori.

Rhabdomarctia rubrilineata (Bethune-Baker)

Metarctia rubrilineata Bethune-Baker, 1911, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 7:533.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Metarctia (Metarhodia) rubripuncta Hampson

Metarctia rubripuncta Hampson, 1898, Cat. Lep. Phalaenae B.M., 1:147, Plate 5:4.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Both specimens belong to the variety with the dark hind wings; the Fort Portal specimen

has the median spot on the fore wing obsolete and the light areas washed with orange.

Metarctia (Thyretarctia) haematica Holland (?subsp.)

Metarctia haematica Holland, 1893, Psyche, 6:396.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft (Fletcher), 2 3.

The male genitalia of this form are practically indistinguishable from those of the typical West

African specimens. M. haematica differs in the genitalia from the related dark eastern species M.

schoutedeni Kiriakoff (1953) chiefly in the relative length of the terminal processes of the valve,

these being of about the same length in the latter species, whereas the costal process is the longer

in haematica. These specimens are larger and darker than those from West Africa and on the

whole are not unlike schoutedeni. They may represent an eastern race of haematica or possibly even

a distinct species. As yet I prefer not to name them.

Metarctia (Thyretarctia) schoutedeni Kiriakoff

Metarctia (Thyretarctia) schoutedeni Kiriakoff, 1953, Ann. Mus. R. Congo Belge, 8vo, Sci. Zool.,

26:39, Plates 3:31, 7:80.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft. (Edwards), 6 3; Ibanda, 4700 ft.

(Fletcher), 1 3.

The Ibanda specimen is distinctly smaller.

[

Thyretidae and Notodontidae 43

Metarctia (Hebena) lateritia lateritia (Herrich-Schaffer)

_ Automolis lateritia Herrich-Schiffer, 1855, Samml. aussereurop. Schmett., Plate 51:274.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3; Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards), 2 .

Ais

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Metarctia (Notharctia) flavicincta Aurivillius (?subsp.)

Metarctia flavicincta Aurivillius, 1900, Ofver. K. svenska VetenskAkad. Forh., 57: 1057.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

This specimen belongs to the light form, uniformis Bethune-Baker (1910, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist.,

(8) 7:534), which is recorded mainly from Angola. The uncus and the valves are strongly pilose.

The taxonomic status of uniformis has not yet been established with any certainty.

Metarctia (Notharctia) flaviciliata Hampson

Metarctia flaviciliata Hampson, 1907, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 19:255.

UGANDA: Semliki Forest, 2850 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Metarctia (Notharctia) pallida Hampson

Metarctia pallida Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8:170.

KENYA: Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft. (Edwards), 13 9; Mt. Elgon, 11,000 ft. (Edwards), 7 3.

Specimens from Mt. Kinangop are lighter, the general colour being a paler ochraceous and in

some specimens the apical third of the fore wing is weakly powdered with dark brown; thorax

_ darker, tinged with chocolate, but in one specimen it is as light as the fore wing; head, patagia

and the bases of the tegulae (in all but one specimen) tinged with ochraceous orange. Specimens

| from Mt. Elgon have the fore wing wholly suffused with umber brown, especially at the base

and on the costal and posterior areas; head and patagia only weakly tinged with rufous; thorax

blackish sepia; hind wing very pale brownish rather than the ochraceous creamy of the Kinangop

specimens. I take these two forms to be colour phases, possibly ecologically conditioned. It is

worth mentioning that the tissues and even the chitinous parts of the dissected dark specimens

are heavily suffused with a purplish red pigmentation. The genitalia are, however, not different.

Metarctia (Notharctia) metaleuca Hampson

Metarctia metaleuca Hampson, 1914, Cat. Lep. Phalaenae B.M., Suppl., 1: 69, Plate 4:6.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

KENYA: Mt. Kinangop, 8000 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Metarctia (Notharctia) subnigra sp.n. (Figures 4, 10)

$ 27 mm.: Head, patagia, tegulae and prothorax sepia black; shafts of antennae black, pectina-

tions washed with russet; rest of body blackish brown, washed with grey; inner side of legs black-

ish; anal tuft slightly lighter than remainder of abdomen. Fore wing sepia black, blacker on costa,

A4 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 3

dorsum and termen; base and extremity of fringes paler grey brown; underside slightly paler, }

especially at base. Hind wing paler sepia grey; fringes pale greyish brown at tips; underside |

slightly darker especially in cell; costal area sepia black.

Genitalia: Uncus triangular at base, narrowing to form a neck supporting the large, broad,

compressed extremity, which bears a ventral knob and ends in a short hook; tegumen rather |

broad. Valve broad; costa and sacculus almost parallel, the former ending in a long, pointed,

weakly upturned process with a small basal pouch and a row of long hairs at base of process;

sacculus almost straight; termen slightly concave with a fold bearing at middle a small knob |

with a few bristles. Aedeagus much shorter than valve, weakly arched, funnel-shaped proximally; |

distal portion narrow, cut obliquely; upper fultura narrow; lower fultura almost globular. |

Vinculum and saccus narrow, the latter produced to a blunt point.

Distinguished from other species in the genus by the almost uniformly black coloration and |

by the structure of the genitalia (Figure 4).

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft., 13-16.viii.1952 (Fletcher), 3 3, including holotype.

Metarctia (Notharctia) flavivena flavivena Hampson

Metarctia flavivena Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8: 169.

UGANDA: Masaka (Edwards & Gibbons), 1 3.

Metarctia burungae Debauche

Metarctia burungae Debauche, 1942, Expl. Parc Nat. Albert (Miss. G. F. de Witte 1933-5), Fasc.

A4t:11, Plates 1:4, 2:4, 5.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3; Nyamagasani Valley, 8000-9000 ft.

(Buxton), 1 3.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 4 3.

Metarctia (Notharctia) fletcheri sp.n. (Figures 3, 8)

g§ 28 mm.: Head blackish; some hair on head and last palpal segment mars yellow (Ridgway,

Plate iii); shaft of antenna mars yellow; thorax grey-brown, mixed with pale orange-yellow

hair, especially anteriorly; extremities of tarsi yellowish; abdomen pale orange-yellow, strongly

washed with grey brown, especially on segmental bases; venter tinged with mars yellow. Fore

wing sepia, pattern marked in mars yellow consisting of a square spot near tip of cell; one very

faintly marked at base of wing below cell; a larger one basad between veins 1 and 2, with some

orange powdering below vein 1 connecting this spot with the basal one; spots at the bases of

interspaces iii, iv and v and some powdering in interspace ii, leaving base of latter dark; distal

margins of all these spots gradually merging into the dark ground colour; terminal fascia mars

yellow; fringes pale at extremities; underside dirty mars yellow, suffused with brown along the

cell and on the outer area. Hind wing pale orange yellow, suffused with sepia, less so at base;

terminal fascia mars yellow, obsolescent; fringes paler at extremities; underside like upperside,

costal margin suffused with sepia.

Genitalia: Uncus densely pilose and broadly triangular at base, then narrowed; the extremity

is keeled with a weak terminal hook. Tegumen moderately broad. Valve square with a narrow

Thyretidae and Notodontidae 45

fold on all sides except the base; an extension of the costa, as long as the costa itself, forms a rather

broad process, slightly upcurved and broadly rounded at tip ventrally; a few setae on costal fold,

more setae on terminal fold. Aedeagus much longer than valve, slender and almost straight;

proximal third spoon-shaped; distal end slightly broadened; vesica insignificant; upper fultura

of two lateral, oblique plates; lower fultura strong, of the common Metarctia type, swollen

_ proximally. Saccus broadly rounded.

Iam pleased to name this Metarctia in honour of D. S. Fletcher, who collected all but two of

_ the specimens. It seems to be confined to the ericaceous zone of the mountain.

The series that I have before me shows some colour variation ; the orange spots in some examples

are much obscured by the suffusion of the ground colour, while some other specimens are as

brightly coloured as the type. Size fairly uniform. On the whole the species is much darker than

the closely related M. burungae, especially on the hind wings and there is no suffusion of the ground

colour in the subterminal area of the fore wings.

RUWENZORI: Namwamba Valley, 10,200 ft., 6-10.1.1935 (Edwards), 2 3; Nyamaleju, 10,530

ft., 14-19.vii.1952 (Fletcher), 16 3 including holotype; Bigo, 11,400 ft., 20-22.vii.1952 (Fletcher),

ete

Metarctia (Notharctia) fusca Hampson

Metarctia fusca Hampson, 1901, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 8:169.

RUWENZORI: Nyamagasani Valley (Buxton), 1 3; Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3, 1 2

_ (neallotype 9).

The female, till now undescribed, differs from the male in its larger size (wing-span 35 mim.);

the wings are more elongate, especially the fore wing, which is narrower and more pointed,

with the costal margin relatively longer and the termen more oblique; the pectinations of the

antennae are much shorter; the general coloration is darker, the fore wings being blackish sepia,

concolorous with the head and tegulae; discal spots rather small and indistinct; hind wing more

suffused with grey brown than the male.

Metarctia (Notharctia) virgata Joicey & Talbot (Figure 9)

Metarctia virgata Joicey & Talbot, 1921, Bull. Hill Mus., 1: 158.

Metarctia wittei Debauche, 1942, Expl. Parc Nat. Albert (Miss. G. F. de Witte 1933-5), Fasc.

41:11, Plates 1:3, 2:6. Syn.nov.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 2 3, 1 Q (neallotype 2); Nyamagasani

Valley, 8000-9000 ft. (Buxton), 1 3.

The female, till now undescribed, differs from the male in its larger size (wing-span 35 mm.) and

asin M. fusca, in the wing-shape and the pectinations of the antennae. The coloration is very much

as in the male, but without the light coloured veins, and the spots at the bases of interspaces iii

and iv are obsolete; the yellow terminal fascia is as distinct as in the male and is similarly shaped;

the hind wing is suffused with greyer brown; the base, the anal area and the patches at the bases

of interspaces iii and iv are pale; the yellowish terminal fascia is broader than in the male, but the

veins in the dark area of the wing are scarcely marked with light colour.

One of the males has a broad ochraceous costal streak as in M. wittei. The genitalia of M. wittei

and M. virgata are identical.

46 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 3

Metarctia (Notharctia) pulverea Hampson

Metarctia pulverea Hampson, 1907, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 19:225.

Metarctia bipuncta Joicey & Talbot, 1924, Bull. Hill Mus., 1:549. Syn.nov.

RUWENZORI: Mahoma River, 6700 ft. (Fletcher), 6 3; Misigo, 8550 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3; Nyina-

bitaba, 8650 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Upon examination of the types of both M. pulverea and M. bipuncta in the British Museum,

Mr. Fletcher and I agreed that bipuncta was the male of pulverea, which name being the older,

should be used for the species.

NOTODONTIDAE

Scalmicauda (Scalmicauda) bisecta Rothschild

Scalmicauda bisecta Rothschild, 1917, Novit. zool., 24:260.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

As yet am unable to tell whether Scalmicauda formosa Gaede (1928) is more than a mere form

of bisecta.

Scalmicauda (Graphidura) oreas sp.n. (Figures 1, 2, 12)

§ 24 mm.: Head and shaft of antenna tawny, pectinations paler; tuft of hair between antennae

pale olive grey. Thorax brown, suffused with brownish olive (Plate xxx of Ridgway), patagia

pale shell pink (Plate xxviii); pectus and legs cinnamon buff, the latter tinged with tawny on upper

side; basal part of abdomen tawny, then blackish, and buffy towards extremity, the segmental

bases, venter and anal tuft suffused with tawny. Fore wing shell pink washed with brownish

olive, the costal area and extreme base much less so; an area of shell pink extends along the termen

from vein 4 to the tornus and along interspace iii to the base of the wing, poorly defined proximally;

posterior half of wing, between the area of shell pink and the cell, much more strongly suffused

with brown and tinged with brownish olive; antemedial fascia blackish, distinct on posterior

half only, outcurved in the submedian fold and ending in a black dot in the middle of it; an

indistinct tawny streak on DC, preceded and followed by a dark streak. The postmedial fascia is

whitish edged with a darker colour on each side, more conspicuously distally ; it begins at three-

quarters of costa, where it is slightly outcurved, then extends almost parallel to the termen but

slightly wavy to vein 1, on which it forms an angle and ends almost vertically at the dorsal tooth

of scales; a series of black subterminal lunules, the two in interspace ii being the most proximally

placed; fringes dark-spotted. Hind wing white suffused with cinnamon buff; an obsolescent

median shade broadens towards the anal margin and there is a terminal fascia of the same colour.

Underside whitish suffused with cinnamon buff; fore wing with a postcellular brownish shade;

costal areas of both wings a lighter buff. 5

Genitalia: Uncus bifurcate, the prongs narrow and curved, broadening towards extremity;

gnathus bifid, the extremities much shorter than those of the uncus, downcurved and broadening

towards their apices, their surfaces granulate and covered with short setae. Tegumen very narrow

in median portion, broad laterally. Valve broad, almost triangular; a short costal lobe at base,

Thyretidae and Notodontidae 47

ending in a sclerotized knob; both costa and sacculus are folded, the latter dilate at base. Aedeagus

slightly shorter than valve, weakly curved and flattened, broadening proximally; fultura superior

obsolete; fultura inferior strong, excised distally. Vinculum short and broad; saccus short, excised

at middle.

Differs from S. argenteomaculata Aurivillius (1892) in its paler colour, smaller size and in lacking

the white to pale buff costa to the fore wing, that is so conspicuous in the male of that

| species.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft., 4-12.1x.1952 (Fletcher), holotype 3.

Cerura dissodectes sp.n. (Figures 7, 13)

3 31 mm.: Head and palpus black; long hair of frons and vertex white mixed with grey, especi-

ally on vertex; antenna blackish, shaft whitish basally. Thorax covered with long hair, a mixture

of grey, white and chestnut. Legs white, inside of fore femora blackish; the long hair that fringes

the fore legs is mixed with grey. Abdomen blackish, indistinctly ringed with white, the last two

rings much mixed with white hair; underside and anal tuft white. Fore wing white irrorate with

black, less so in the cell; basal fascia represented by a blackish costal spot, otherwise scarcely

traceable; antemedial fascia almost vertical, weakly outcurved in cell, interrupted in middle of

interspace i and then merging into the stronger, dark irroration of the dorsal area; between the

basal and antemedial fasciae there is a rust coloured costal spot, followed by some black and rust

irroration in the cell; medial fascia traceable only at costa; postmedial fascia double, filled in with

white, slightly outcurved below costa, broadly incurved between veins 7 and 3, then again

slightly outcurved and vertical to dorsum; the distal black line of the postmedial fascia is broader

at the costa and, between veins 7 and 4, is followed by some dark irroration mixed with rust;

interneural spots at margin black, capped with white; a few black points on veins in the distal

half of the wing; fringes grey, narrowly tipped with white. Underside white suffused with

blackish brown in anterior half, except at termen and dorsum, and lightly irrorate with rufous;

marginal streaks black. Hind wing white, costal area irrorate with grey; minute terminal streaks,

especially in anterior half; fringes white. Underside similar to upperside, but with a subapical

streak and an apical streak of blackish brown.

Genitalia: Uncus short, curved, the extremity depressed and rounded. Subunci slender and

upcurved. Both uncus and subunci moderately pilose, the hairs longer on the subunci. Tegumen

broad. Valve bifid; costa short and broad, narrowing distally and terminating in a long, stout

spine placed obliquely and pointing outwards. Sacculus narrow and pilose, the hairs being longer

at base; evenly arched to three-quarters, the distal portion incurved and almost truncate at

extremity. Aedeagus much shorter than valve, stout, almost straight and broadened at extremities;

vesica with two short spines distally; fultura superior consisting of two lateral plates narrowing

towards the medial line; fultura inferior almost heart-shaped. Vinculum broad; saccus short,

broad and blunt. Sternal plate of the eighth abdominal segment excised proximally, ending in

two slender, curved, horn-shaped processes.

The species is certainly not congeneric with the typical Harpyia, as it has genitalia quite unlike

those of the European species of the genus. It is rather similar to Pararethona hierax Distant (1897)

in shape and coloration but the genitalia (Figure 7) show it to be quite distinct.

RUWENZORI: Nyinabitaba, 8650 ft., 7-13.vii.1952 (Fletcher), holotype 3.

48 Ruwenzori Expedition, 1952. Volume I, Number 3

Epicerura steniptera (Hampson) (Figure 5)

Stauropus steniptera Hampson, 1910, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) $:471.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

As the characters of this species correspond so closely to those given by Bethune-Baker for his

genus Epicerura, it should accordingly be placed in that genus. Mr. Fletcher informs me that the

unique type of Epicerura tanda Bethune-Baker (1911) appears to be lost; from the description it

seems possible that tanda is a synonym of sfeniptera.

Desmeocraera Wallengren (1865)

Examination of the genitalia of a number of species belonging to this genus has shown it to be

a large agglomeration of species that should be divided into at least (ou or five distinct genera.

Flow evar as my revision of the family is still progressing, I have maintained the usual conception

of Desmeocraera in this paper.

Desmeocraera basalis Distant

Desmeocraera basalis Distant, 1899, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 4:361.

UGANDA: Bundibugyo, 3440 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Desmeocraera esmeraldina sp.n. (Figures 6, 11)

3 35 mm.: Head and antenna Vandyck brown. Frons mixed with leaf green (Ridgway, Plate

xli). Long hair on vertex leaf green. Palpus pale creamy buff, upperside Vandyck brown. Thorax

leaf green mixed with Vandyck brown at middle; patagia barred whitish and Vandyck brown.

Pectus and legs buff, fore coxae and femora suffused with Vandyck brown above; fore tarsi

tinged with lichen green (Ridgway, Plate xxxiii) above. Abdomen Vandyck brown with narrow

yellowish rings; venter paler; basal and anal tufts leaf green. General colour of fore wing leaf

ereen; a few lichen green scales at base; basal point white; basal fascia oblique, Vandyck brown,

followed in costal area by a few angular streaks arranged in three rows, those of the middle row

representing the subbasal fascia, which continues posteriorly in the shape of small streaks in the

submedian fold and at the dorsum. Typical markings are represented by lichen green scaling;

a circular spot filled with blackish, with a black dot at its fore extremity; dark spots on the paler

costal area in the distal half near the apex; the second of these spots forms the beginning of a

median series of spots, of which that in interspace ii is twice as large as the others; the area around

the series is somewhat darker. There is a postmedial series of lunules slightly irrorate with whitish

distally. The postmedial fascia is double, its proximal line composed of lunules, the distal of

irregular spots and the space between filled with blackish irroration, becoming grey proximally;

spots in interspaces ii and iii placed much more distally; a subterminal series of lunules, followed

by some pale irroration, the lunules in interspaces ii and iii nearer to termen, their convexity distad

not proximad as in the remaining ones. The veins are blackish at the extremities; fringes chequered

leaf green and dark brown, paler at extremities. Underside buff suffused with Vandyck brown,

especially in costal area; fringes pale buff spotted with pale brown. Hind wing buff strongly

suffused with Vandyck brown, less so at base and on anal margin; costal area lichen green with

three Vandyck brown bars; base also brown; fringes chequered Vandyck brown and cream.

Thyretidae and Notodontidae 49

_ Underside creamy buff suffused with pale Vandyck brown terminally; some lichen green hair

on costal margin; fringes pale buff and brown.

Genitalia: Uncus short and compressed with apex downcurved. Subunci about as long as the

uncus, weakly upcurved and rather less pilose than the uncus. Tegumen very narrow. Valve bifid

without valvula; costa and sacculus very long and narrow, almost rod-shaped, weakly incurved;

sacculus pilose, costa glabrous. Aedeagus longer than valve, slender, the distal part arched;

_ fultura superior membranous; fultura inferior narrow, produced dorsally into an upcurved pro-

cess. Vinculum very narrow; saccus well developed, narrowing proximally with a short median

tooth.

In the structure of the genitalia Desmeocraera esmeraldina is closely related to the group of species

which includes D. analis Kiriakoff (1954), D. lugubris Kiriakoff (1954) and D. adversa Karsch

(1895). It differs from its relatives chiefly in the shape of the aedeagus.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 5500-7500 ft., 28-31.1.1935 (Edwards), holotype 3.

Phalera lydenburgi Distant

_ Phalera lydenburgi Distant, 1899, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (7) 3: 463.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 1 3.

Rhynchophalera variegata (Aurivillius)

_ Phalera variegata Aurivillius, 1904, Ark. Zool., 2 (4):4.

RUWENZORI: Ibanda, 4700 ft. (Fletcher), 3 3.

Strand (1912, Arch. Naturgesch., 78 (A6):165) placed this species in the genus Alenophalera,

_ characterized by the presence of an areole. I have examined scores of specimens and they invari-

ably lacked an areole, so Strand’s specimen was probably aberrant. The presence or absence of

_ an areole is not a constant character in the Notodontidae, nor is it in many other groups; it is

_ not infrequent that an areole is developed in one wing only. Taking into consideration that there

are several closely related genera such as Alenophalera Strand, Epiphalera Gaede, Amphiphalera

Hampson, Rhynchophalera Aurivillius and Onophalera Gaede, which hardly deserve generic rank,

I think it advisable to place variegata in the oldest genus in the group, which is Rhynchophalera

Aurivillius.

Rhynchophalera nephocrossa (Bethune-Baker)

Elaphrodes nephocrossa Bethune-Baker, 1909, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 3:423.

RUWENZORI: Bwamba Pass (west side), 7500 ft. (Edwards), 1 3.

Chadisra rosinaria Hampson

Chadisra rosinaria Hampson, 1910, Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., (8) 5: 461.

UGANDA: Fort Portal, 5000 ft. (Edwards), 3 3.

Pseudoscrancia africana (Holland)

Maguza africana Holland, 1893, Psyche, 6: 56s.

RUWENZORI: Kilembe, 4500 ft. (Edwards & Jackson), 1 3.