Volume 5, Part i; 30th Jun

A Stereo -At las of Ostracod Shells

edited by R.H. Bate, J. W. Neale, Lesley M. Sheppard

and David J. Siveter

Published by The British Micropalaeontological Society

in association with Robertson Research International Ltd., Llandudno, Wales

Professor PC. Sylvester - Bradley

It is with deep regret that the Editors of the Stereo-Atlas record the death on

April 17th 1978 of Professor Peter Colley Sylvester-Bradley, the F.W. Bennett Professor

of Geology, in the University of Leicester.

Professor Sylvester-Bradley was the founder of the Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells

and from its inception until his tragic and untimely death one of its joint editors. His

unique and lovable personality, his unstinting dedication and enthusiasm to the task in

hand, and his genuine concern for the lot of others was an inspiration to those fortunate

to know him. The officers and publishers of the Stereo-Atlas owe a particular and im-

measurable debt to Professor Sylvester-Bradley for all that he did for the journal.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 ( 1) 1 - 8 (1978)

595.337.14 (119.4 + 119.9) (457.2 : 161.014.40 + 262.3 : 161.014.45 + 262.4

162.002.45 + 428.9 : 162.005.54 + 41 1.7 : 162.006.58) : 551.351

Pterygocythereis siveteri (1 of 8)

161.025.38 + 469.8 : 162.017.33 + 261.28 :

ON PTERYGOCYTHEREIS SIVETERI ATHERSUCH sp.nov.

by John Athersuch

(University of Leicester, England)

Pterygocythereis siveteri sp. nov.

1868 Cythere jonesii (Baird) var. ceratoptera (Bosquet); G. S. Brady, in: Les Fonds de la Mer, Folin & Perier, Paris, 1, 107,

pi. 14, figs. 5, 6. (non Cythereis ceratoptera Bosquet, 1852).

1894 Cythereis jonesii Baird; G. W. Muller, Fauna Flora Golf. Neapel, 21, 375, pi. 29, figs. 23, 25, pi. 31, figs. 23, 24. (non

Cythereis jonesii Baird, 1850).

1975 Pterygocythereis ceratoptera (Bosquet); G. Bonaduce, G. Ciampo & M. Masoli, Pubbl. Staz. zool. Napoli, 40, suppl. 1,

53, pi. 30, figs. 1 -9.

Holotype: British Museum (Natural History) no. 1978.59; female right valve, left valve and appendages.

Bay of Naples, Italy, approx, lat. 40°40'N, long. 14° 10'E; Recent.

After my friend and colleague, Dr. David J. Siveter.

Hancock Museum specimen (juv. -4 car: PI. 5, 6, fig. 2). Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) specimens: 1978.57 (?9

LV; PI. 5, 2, fig. 1), 1978.58 (?d LV: PI. 5, 2, fig. 2), 1978.59 (holotype, 9 RV: PI. 5, 2, fig. 3; PI. 5, 6,

figs. 3, 4; Text-figs, lb, c, 2b - e), 1978.60 (79 LV: PI. 5, 4, fig. 1), 1978.61 (?d LV: PI. 5, 4, fig. 2; PI.

5, 8, figs. 2, 4), 1978. 62 (?d car.: PI. 5, 4, fig. 3), 1978.63 (juv. - 1 LV: PL 5, 6, fig. 1), 1978.64 (16 LV:

PL 5, 8, fig. 1), 1978.65 (?d RV: PL 5, 8, figs. 3, 5), 1978.66 (6 appendages: Text-figs, la, d, 2a). The

Hancock Museum specimen is from Kilchattan Bay, Scotland. 1978.57, 63, 65 are from Morphou Bay,

NW Cyprus. 1978.58, 59, 64, 66 were collected from the Bay of Naples, Italy by Dr. G. Bonaduce.

1978.60 - 62 are from Madeira (B. M. N. H. collection).

Explanation of Plate 5, 2

Fig. 1 , ?9 LV, ext. lat. (1978.57, 929 p m long); fig. 2, 16 LV, ext. lat. (1978.58, 1073 pm long); fig. 3, holotype, 9 RV, ext.

lat. ( 1978.59, 976 pm long). Scale A (250 pm\ x 58), figs. 1-3.

Type locality:

Derivation of name:

Figured specimens:

-++-+-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 3

Pterygocythereis siveteri (3 of 8)

Diagnosis:

Remarks:

Distribution:

Anterior margin of each valve with single row of prominent, clavellate spines; postero-dorsally, right

valve bears one spine, left valve bears two. Posterior margin angular, bearing usually six spines postero-

ventrally. Male copulatory appendages distinctive.

For over 100 years this species has been considered as either conspecific with Cythereis ceratoptera

Bosquet, or as a sub-species or variety of Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird); (See Brady, op. cit.; Brady,

187 4 , Palaeontogr. Soc., (Monogr.), vol. for 1874; Brady, 1878, Trans, zool. Soc. Fond., 10 (8), no. 1;

Bonaduce et al, op. cit.). Comparison of this species with P. jonesii (see Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod

Shells, 1978, 5 (2), 9 - 16) and syntypes of C. ceratoptera, housed in the Institut Royal des Sciences

Naturelle de Belgique, Brussels, leaves no doubt that it differs from both of these species in shape, in the

disposition of the spines and, in the case of P. jonesii, in the details of the appendages.

It is interesting to note that whilst P. jonesii has four elongate adductor muscle scars, in both

P. siveteri and P. ceratoptera s. s. the uppermost adductor muscle scar is V-shaped.

P. jonesii and P. siveteri are often found together in the same sample, particularly in the

Mediterranean, but the species are distinct even as juveniles (c.f. PL 5, 6, fig. 2 and Stereo-Atlas of

Ostracod Shells, 5 (2), PL 5, 14, figs. 1 - 4).

Very few instars of P. siveteri were available for study. The smallest instar (probably - 4 instar) is

highly inflated and bears small alar carinae, each of which terminates posteriorly in a short spine.

Juvenile - 1 instars bear a single, entire antero-dorsal carina, below which are two alternating rows

of spines. The alar carinae show signs of development of disconnected clavae and a prominent, terminal

spine posteriorly.

Only in the adult are the eye tubercles conspicuous and all the spines fully disconnected.

Recent; Naples (author’s coll, and as Cythereis jonesii Baird; Muller, op. cit.), Adriatic (author s coll.),

Madeira (A. M. Norman coll.), NW Scotland, Bay of Biscay and Aegean (Brady coll.). Sub-Recent;

Cyprus (author’s coll.), Isle of Man (B. M. N. H. coll.), Adriatic (Breman, 1975, The Distribution of

Ostracodes in the Bottom Sediments of the Adriatic Sea, Thesis, University of Amsterdam), Smyrne

(Brady, op. cit.).

Explanation of Plate 5, 4

Fig. 1, 79 LV, ext. lat. (1978.60, 980 pm long); fig. 2, 16 LV, int. lat. (1978.61, 1010 pm long); fig.

(1978.62, 1000 pm long). Scale A (250 pm\ x 58), figs. 1 - 3.

3, 16 car., ext. dors.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 2

Pterygocythereis siviteri (2 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 4

Pterygocythereis siviteri (4 of 8)

Explanation of Plate 5, 8

Fig. 1 , ?d LV, int. lat. muse. sc. (1978.64); figs. 2, 4, ?d LV, terminal hinge elements (1978.58); figs. 3, 5, ?<3 RV, terminal hinge

elements (1978.65).

Scale A (50 ^urn; x 350), fig. 1 ; scale B (50 /urn-, x 260), figs. 2-5.

Explanation of Plate 5, 6

Fig. 1 , juv. - 1 LV, ext. lat. (1978.63, 853 /urn long); fig. 2, juv. -4 car., ext. dors. (Hancock Museum specimen, 5 12 /rm long);

fig. 3, holotype, 9 RV, ant. clava with basal pore and setal tassel (1978.59); fig. 4, holotype, 9 RV, post, setose tubercle

( 1978.59). Scale A (250 /rm; x 58), figs. 1,2; scale B (20 /rm; x 870), fig. 3, scale C (20 ^m; x 830), fig. 4.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,7

Pterygocythereis siveteri (7 of 8)

Text-fig. 1 . Appendages, a: 6 copulatory appendage; b: 9 1st. antenna; c: 9 maxilla; d: <5 2nd. antenna (a: x210,b-d: x 225).

Text-fig. 2. Appendages, a: 6 mandible; b: 9 furcae; c: 9 1st. leg; d: 9 2nd. leg; e: 9 3rd. leg (a - e: x 225).

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 5

Pterygocythereis siveteri (5 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 8

Pterygocythereis siviteri (8 of 8)

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 6

Pterygocythereis siviteri (6 of 8)

Explanation of Plate 5, 8

Fig. 1 , ?<$ LV, int. lat. muse. sc. (1978.64); figs. 2, 4, ?d LV, terminal hinge elements (1978.58); figs. 3,5 , ?<5 RV, terminal hinge

elements (1978.65).

Scale A (50 /j,m; x 350), fig. 1 ; scale B (50 /um\ x 260), figs. 2-5.

Text-fig. 1. Appendages, a: <5 copulatory appendage; b: $ 1st. antenna; c: 9 maxilla; d: <5 2nd. antenna (a: x 210, b - d: x 225).

Explanation of Plate 5, 6

Fig. 1 , juv. - 1 LV, ext. lat. (1978.63, 853 /urn long); fig. 2, juv. -4 car., ext. dors. (Hancock Museum specimen, 512 /urn long);

fig. 3, holotype, 9 RV, ant. clava with basal pore and setal tassel (1978.59); fig. 4, holotype, $ RV, post, setose tubercle

(1978.59). Scale A (250 /am\ x 58), figs. 1,2; scale B (20 /rm; x 870), fig. 3, scale C (20 /rm; x 830), fig. 4.

■H— h

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,7

Pterygocythereis siveteri (7 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 5

Pterygocythereis siveteri (5 of 8)

Text-fig. 2. Appendages, a: 6 mandible; b: 9 furcae; c: 9 1st. leg; d: 9 2nd. leg; e: 9 3rd. leg (a - e: x 225).

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 8

Pterygocythereis siviteri (8 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 6

Pterygocythereis siviteri (6 of 8)

-+f-r-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (2) 9 - 16 (1978) Pterygocythereis jonesii (1 of 8)

595.337.14 (1 19.4 + 1 19.9) (41 1.7 : 162.005.55 + 413.3 : 162.003.57 + 41 1.7 : 162.005.55 +413.3 : 162.003.57 + 261.275 : 162 005 55 +

428.9 : 162.005.54 + 261.273 : 162.004.53 + 417 : 162.010.54 + 428.2 : 162.001.54 + 420 : 162.005.51 + 261.28 : 162.002 45 + 26 1’ 26 ■

161.002.58 + 261.248 : 161.012.57 + 261.263 : 161.010.58 + 457.2 : 161.014.40 + 262.3 : 161.018.42 + 453.33 : 1 6 1 .014 45 + 262 4 '

161.025.38 + 564,3 : 161.033.35 + 262.538 : 027.41) : 551.351.

ON PTERYGOCYTHEREIS JONESII (BAIRD)

by John Athersuch

(University of Leicester, England)

Genus PTERYGOCYTHEREIS Blake, 1933

Type species: (Original designation) Blake, 1933 Wistar Inst. Anat. Biol., Philadelphia, p.239.

Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird, 1850)

Cythereis jonesii sp. nov. W. Baird: The Natural History of the British Entomostraca, Ray Society, 175, pi. 20, fig. 1 .

Cythereis subcoronata Speyer; G. S. Brady, Trans, zool. Soc. Lond. 5, 384, pi. 60, figs. 9a - e ( non C. subcoronata Speyer,

Cy there jonesii (Baird); G. S. Brady, H. W. Crosskey & D. Robertson, Palaeontogr. Soc., (Monogr.), 1 71 , pi. 12, figs, 4-6

Cythere jonesii (Baird); A. Kaufmann, Reel, zool suisse, 111, 146, pi. 6, figs. 1 - 4, pi. 7, figs. 1 - 6, pi. 9, figs. 1-12, pi. 1

Cythereis jonesi Baird; G. O. Sars, An account of the Crustacea of Norway, vol. 9, Ostracoda, Bergen Museum, pts. 1 1

91, all figures.

Cythereis (Pterygocythereis) jonesi Baird; O. Elofson, Zool Bidr. Upps. 19, 302, figs. 12, 13.

Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird): E. Triebel, Senkenbergiana, 23, 385.

Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird): B. L. Hill,/. Paleont., 28, 809, pi. 98, figs, la - e, pi. 99, figs, la - f.

Cythereis jonesii Baird ; F. E. Caraion, Revue Biol. Buc, 5, 1 21 , pi. 2, figs. la,b.

Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird; G. Bonaduce, G. Ciampo & M. Masoli, Pubbl. Staz. zool. Napoli, 40 (1), 54, pi. 29, figs. 1

1850

1866

1874

1885

1925

1941

1941

1954

1960

1975

1863).

; ?pl. 12. fig. 7.

0, figs. 6-12.

& 12, 196, pi.

-11.

Neotype:

(Here designated) male right valve, left valve and copulatory appendage, housed with the Brady

Collection, Hancock Museum, Newcastle-upon-Tyne; no catalogue number; separate slide.

Type locality: Kilchattan Bay, Isle of Bute SW Scotland (approx, lat 55° 48‘N, long 05° 10'W); Recent.

Explanation of Plate 5, 10

Fig. 1 , neotype, 6 LV, ext. lat. (Hancock Museum specimen a, 1 146 ^m long); fig. 2, <5 LV, ext. lat. (1975.1252, 1054 /um long);

fig. 3, 9 LV, ext. lat. (1978.51, 1048 pm long).

Scale A (250 pm; x 54), figs. 1 - 3.

TT.

— f— i—

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,11

Pterygocythereis jonesii (3 of 8)

T

r

Figured specimens: Hancock Museum specimen a (neotype, 6 LV; PI. 5, 10, fig. 1); Hancock Museum specimen b (juv. - 1

car.: PI. 5, 14, fig. 2); Hancock Museum specimen c (juv. - 3 car.: PL 5, 14, fig. 3); Hancock Museum

specimen d Guv. - 5 car.: PI. 5, 14, fig. 4). Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) specimen 1975.1252 (6 LV: PI. 5, 10, fig.

2); 1978.51 (9 LV: PI. 5, 10, fig. 3); 1978.52 (9 car.; RV: PI. 5, 12, fig. 1;LV: PI. 5, 16, fig. 1; Text-fig.

Id); 1978.53 (6 LV: PI. 5, 12, fig. 2; PI. 5, 16, figs. 3, 5; Text-figs, la - c, e, 2a -e); 1978.54 (dear.: PL 5,

12, fig. 3); 1978.55 (juv. - 2 LV: PL 5, 14, fig. 1); 1978.56 (d car.; LV: PL 5, 16, fig. 2; RV: PL 5, 16, figs.

4, 6). The Hancock Museum specimens were taken from the Brady ostracod collection; no catalogue

numbers, but placed in separate, labelled slides; specimens a & b from Kilchattan Bay, Scotland, specimen

c from Rothesay, Scotland and specimen d from the coast of Durham, NW England. 1975.1252 from

beach sand, Kyrenia, N Cyprus, collected by J. Athersuch; 1978.51 - 53 from the Bay of Naples, Italy,

collected by Dr. G. Bonaduce; 1978.54 - 56 are from the Forties Field in the N Sea.

Diagnosis: Anterior margin of each valve with thickened rim supporting two carinae which are entire antero-dorsally

and disconnected antero-ventrally ; inner carina extends dorsally past eye tubercle in left valve only.

Posterior margin rounded, bears six prominent, angular spines. Each valve bears single postero-dorsal

spine; most conspicuous in the left valve. Male copulatory appendages distinctive.

Remarks: Some adult specimens laterally bear up to eleven mammilate and clavellate spines. Males more elongate

than females. The smallest specimen found, believed to be a -5 instar (see Pl. 5, 14, fig. 4) anteriorly bore

only a single entire carina. The -4 instar bears two anterior carinae, the inner one being entire, the outer

one disconnected. With each subsequent moult, more 'spines are developed, accompanied by disconnection

of the marginal and alar clavae (Pl. 5, 14, figs. 1 - 3; PL 5, 12, fig. 3). Prominent eye tubercles are fully

disconnected, alar carinae appear only in the adults.

Distribution: Recent; many localities in SW Scotland, NE England, Isle of Man, W Ireland, SW England (Brady Coll.);

Firth of Forth (B.M. (N.H.) coll.) N Sea (Brady and author’s colls.); Kattegat & Skagerak (Brady &

Elofson colls., Sars, 1925, op. cit); Bay of Biscay (Brady coll.); Naples, S Adriatic, Cyprus (author’s coll.);

Bosphorus (Caraion, op. cit.); Trieste (Kaufmann, op. cit.); Aegean Sea (Brady, coll.). Sub-Recent; Skye

(Baird, op cit.); Arran (Baird coll.); Cardigan Bay, Wales; Adriatic.

Explanation of Plate 5, 12

Fig. 1 . 9 RV, ext. lat. (1978.52, 1 170 pm long); fig. 2, <3 LV, int. lat. (1978.53, 1195 long); fig. 3, 6 car., ext. dors.

(1978.54, 1 195 pm long).

Scale A (250 pm; x 54), figs. 1 - 3.

.

!

)

!

,

i

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 10

Pterygocythereis jonesii (2 of 8)

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 12

Pterygocythereis jonesii (4 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 13

Pterygocythereis jonesii (5 of 8)

Text-fig. 1. Appendages a: 6 maxilla; b: 6 1st. antenna; c: enlargement of terminal setae of 1st. <3 antenna; d: 9 2nd. antenna

e: 6 copulatory appendage (a - e: x 225).

Explanation of Plate 5, 14

Fig. 1 , juv. - 2 LV, ext. lat. (1978.55, 756 /urn long); fig. 2, juv. - 1 car., ext. dors. (Hancock Museum specimen b, 866 /rm long);

fig. 3, juv. - 3 car., ext. dors. (Hancock Museum specimen c, 707 /urn long); fig. 4, juv. -5 car., ext. dors. (Hancock Museum

specimen d, 536 /urn long).

Scale A(250jwm;x54), figs. 1-4.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 15

Pterygocythereis jonesii (7 of 8)

— i —

T ext-fig. 2. 6 appendages, a: brush-shaped organs; b: mandible; c: 3rd. leg; d: 2nd. leg; e: 1st. leg (a - e: x 225).

Explanation of Plate 5, 16

Fig. 1 , 9 LV, spine with setose pore (1978.52); fig. 2, 6 LV int. lat. muse. sc. ( 1978.56); figs. 3, 5, 6 LV, terminal hinge elements

(1978.53); figs, 4, 6, 6 RV, terminal hinge elements (1978.56).

Scale A (25 /rm; x 455), fig. 1 ; scale B (50 /unv, x 350), fig. 2; scale C (50 ^m; x 210), figs. 3 - 6.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 16

Pterygocythereis jonesii (8 of 8)

Pterygocythereis jonesii (6 of 8)

-4-

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 14

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (3) 17 -26 (1978) Xestoleberis nitida (1 of 10)

595.337.14 (1 19.9) (261.268 : 162.002.51 + 261.28 : 162.001.45) : 551.313.1

ON XESTOLEBERIS NITIDA (LILJEBORG)

by John E. Whittaker

(British Museum (Natural History), London)

Genus XESTOLEBERIS Sars, 1866

Type-species: (Subsequent designation by Brady & Norman, 1889): Cythere nitida Liljeborg, 1853.

Diagnosis: Carapace smooth and thin, sub-reniform to sub -triangular in side view, without postero-ventral projection.

Dimorphic, female strongly inflated posteriorly (contains brood-chamber or “marsupium”), male not as

broad and laterally more elongate. Ventral surface (venter) rounded to flattened. Distinctive crescent-

shaped “Xestoleberis - spot” behind ocular pit. Pores of both sieve- and simple funnel-type. Marginal

(radial) pore canals straight or branching. Male copulatory organs usually with asymmetrical lappets.

Remarks: Characters useful for species differentiation are: shape and colour of pigmented areas; shape of ventral

surface of the carapace; position and shape of opaque spots; length and shape of marginal pore canals

especially postero-ventrally; shape of terminal lappets of male copulatory appendages, and possibly the

number and size of the sieve-pore perforations.

Explanation of Plate 5, 1 8

Fig. 1, 9 car., ext. It. lat. (1977.1, 590 pm long); fig. 2, 6 car., ext. It. lat. (1977.2, 530 pm long); fig. 3, 6 copulatory

appendages, vent, view (1977.3, 6 car., 520 pm long).

Scale A (200 ^m; x 1 10), figs. 1,2; scale B (50 pm ; x 280), fig. 3.

■i—i- +■

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 19

Xestoleberis nitida (3 of 10)

Xestoleberis nitida (Liljeborg, 1853)

1853 Cythere nitida sp. nov. W. Liljeborg, De Crustaceis ex ordinibus tribus: Cladocera, Ostracoda et Copepoda, in Scania

occurrentibus, Lund, 169, pi. 19, figs. 6,7.

1854 Cythere viridis O. F. Muller; W. Zenker, Arch. Naturgesch. 20, 86, pi. 5, figs. Al, A2. ( non C. viridis O. F. Muller,

1785).

1866 Xestoleberis nitida (Lilljeborg)* ; G. O. Sars, Forh. VidenskSelsk. Krist. 1865, 67.

1928 Xestoleberis aurantia (Baird); G. O. Sars, An account of the Crustacea of Norway vol. 9, Ostracoda, Bergen Museum,

243, pi. Ill, fig. 1 . ( non Cythere aurantia Baird, 1 838).

*[ Around 1860 Wilhelm Liljeborg changed his name to William Lilljeborg.]

Type specimens:

Liljeborg’s type-material of Cythere nitida is not in the collections of the Zoological Museums of

Stockholm, Uppsala or Lund, and must be presumed lost (R. Olerod, pers. comm.).

Type locality: On the eastern shore of the Oresund, near Kullen, SW Sweden, approx, long. 56° 10'N, lat. 12° 40'E. The

sampling point must have been in brackish-water, as Liljeborg records C. gibbera (0. F. Muller)

(= Cytherura gibba) and C. viridis ( non Muller) (= Loxo concha elliptica Brady) from the same locality.

Explanation of Plate 5, 20

Fig. 1,9 car., ext. dors. (1977.4, 580 ^m long); fig. 2, 6 car., ext. dors. (1977.5, 540 long); fig. 3,9 car., ext. vent. (1977.6,

560 p m long); fig. 4, <3 car., ext. vent. (1977.7, 510/rm long); fig. 5,9 RV, ext. lat. ( 1977.8, 540 pm long); fig. 6,6 RV ext. lat.

(1977.9, 510 pm long); fig. 7, 9 LV, int. lat. (1977.10, 600 pm long) showing soft parts and eggs.

ScMe A_^^_/rmjjc_70), figs. 1 - 6; scale B (200 ji m; x 100), fig. 7.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 18

Xestoleberis nitida (2 of 10)

Xestoleberis nitida (4 of 10)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 20

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 21 Xestoleberis nitida (5 of 10)

Figured specimens: Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) nos. 1977.1 (9 car.: PI. 5, 18, fig. 1), 1977.2 (d car.: PI. 5, 18, fig. 2), 1977.3 (d

car.: PI. 5, 18, fig. 3), 1977.4(9 car.: PI. 5, 20, fig. 1), 1977.5 (d car.: PI. 5, 20, fig. 2), 1977.6(9 car.: PI.

5, 20, fig. 3), 1977.7 (d car.: PI. 5, 20, fig. 4; PI. 5, 24, fig. 5), 1977.8 (9 RV: PI. 5, 20, fig. 5), 1977.9

(d RV: PI. 5, 20, fig. 6), 1977.10(9 LV and soft parts: PI. 5, 20, fig. 7), 1977.11 (9 RV: PI. 5,22, figs. 1,

3, 5; PI. 5, 24, fig. 1), 1977.12 (9 LV: PI. 5, 22, figs. 2, 4, 6; PI. 5, 24, fig. 2), 1977.13 (d LV: PL 5,24,

fig. 3), 1977.14 (9 RV: PL 5, 24, fig. 4), 1977.107 (d copulatory appendages: Text -fig. 1).

All specimens were collected alive by J. E. Whittaker: 1977.1, 2, 4 - 14, 107, from various

stations in the Fleet, Dorset, S England, between Top Ferry (approx, lat. 50° 39'N, long.2°35'W), West

Fleet, and Tidmoor Point (approx, lat. 50° 36'N, long.2° 20'W), its southwesterly-most occurrence in the

Fleet lagoon; 2 - 3rd August 1969, salinity 20 - 30 %c, water temperature 18 - 20°C, on green-algae and

Zostera spp. 1977.3, from La Teste de Buch, S Arcachon Basin, SW France, approx, lat. 44° 39'N, long.

1° 09 'W on Zostera.

Explanation of Plate 5, 22

Figs. 1 , 3, 5, 9 RV, int. lat. (1977.11, 580 p ni long); fig. 1 , int. lat.; fig. 3 , ant. hinge; fig. 5, post, hinge. Figs. 2, 4, 6, 9 LV, int.

lat. ( 1977.12, 570 pm long); fig. 2, int. lat.; fig. 4, post, hinge; fig. 6, ant. hinge.

Scale A (200 pm \ x 90), figs. 1,2; scale B ( 1 00 /tm; x 200), figs. 3-6.

L4-.

I — t-t-

.4.4..

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 23

Xestoleberis nitida (7 of 10)

Diagnosis: Adults 500 - 600 pm long. Shell strongly inflated in dorsal aspect, especially so in female. Subtriangular

in lateral view, particularly the male; dorsal margin umbonate, ventral margin without marked oral

concavity. Venter flat. Opaque area small and just behind “Xestoleberis- spot”. Postero-ventral marginal

pore canals straight and fairly short. Terminal lappets of male copulatory appendages with distinctive

outline. Living specimens shiny, usually white.

Explanation of Plate 5, 24

Fig. 1 , 9 RV, muse. sc. (1977.1 1); fig. 2, 9 LV, muse. sc. (1977.12); fig. 3, funnel-shaped simple pore, ant. dors, region (d LV,

1977.13); fig. 4, flush sieve-type pore, post. dors, region (9 RV, 1977.14); fig. 5, d car., showing part of vent, region with

attached diatom, marginal funnel pore and seta (1977.7).

Scale A (50 ^m; x 360), figs. 1, 2; scale B (5 pm-, x 2,800), fig. 3; scale C (5 ^m; x 3,800), fig. 4; scale D (5 ^m; x_^200L_fig.J^

TT

-I — h-

■ft"

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 22

Xestoleberis nitida (6 of 10)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 24

Xestoleberis nitida (8 of 10)

4'

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,25

+ H-

r

Xestoleberis nitida (9 of 10)

Remarks: The present material is undoubtedly conspecific with Liljeborg’s description and illustration (a male) of

1853, as in Zenker’s 1854 citation under the name Cythere viridis (non Muller); Zenker also illustrates the

distinctive triangular male, and the copulatory appendage shown in his PI. 5, fig. A2 can be seen to be

identical with my Text-fig. 1 .

When Sars, 1866, erected Xestoleberis he included only Cythere nitida Liljeborg, and his new

species X. depressa; unfortunately he failed to select a type species. This was designated by Brady &

Norman, 1889 (Scient. Trans. R. Dubl. Soc., ser. 2, 5, 188), when they made the former the type, but at

the same time declaring it a junior synonym of Cythere aurantia Baird, 1838. Sars, himself, subsequently

followed Brady & Norman’s erroneous conclusion that X. nitida and X. aurantia were one and the same.

Liljeborg’s species is here re-instated as the valid name for the brackish-water X. aurantia auct. (non Baird)

as it can be shown to be distinct from Baird’s species (see Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,27- 34, 1978,

for further discussion). X. nitida is also type species as the genus must be based on Liljeborg’s

species; see Sylvester-Bradley (Ann. Mag. nat. Hist., ser. 11,13, 195).

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 26

-h-t— -*

Xestoleberis nitida (10 of 10)

Distribution: In synonymising X. nitida and X. aurantia, authors have neglected the important ecological differences of

the two species. Whereas the latter is restricted to littoral marine habitats, X. nitida is one of the few

species of Xestoleberis to be^ found predominantly in brackish -water. In Britain, I have never found it in

the “open sea”, although it can withstand salinities of over 30%c in estuaries and lagoons. In the Fleet,

S England, it gradually replaces the marine X. rubens Whittaker, 1978 (see Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod

Shells, 5, 35 -44, 1978) as the salinity decreases, and tends to be found mainly in water of 15 -30%o,

associated with Zostera and green-algae.

Records of X. nitida in N W Europe can be confirmed from various localities from the Arcachon

Basin (illustrated herein) in the S, to W Norway (Sars, 1866, 1928; B.M. (N.H.) coll.) in the N; also it is

probably widespread in the Baltic. Records of X. aurantia auct., both fossil and Recent, must be carefully

re-examined before the full geographic and stratigraphic distribution is known.

4— f

TT

-t— t--

r-r

■ + *+— r~

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (4) 27 - 34 (1978)

595. 337.14 (1 19. 9) (261. 266 : 162.000.54 + 261.268 : 162.002.51) : 551.351

Xestoleberis aurantia (1 of 8)

ON XESTOLEBERIS AURANTIA (BAIRD)

by John E. Whittaker

(British Museum (Natural History), London).

Xestoleberis aurantia (Baird, 1838)

1838

1868

1941

Cy there aurantia sp. nov. W. Baird, Mag. Zool. Bot. 2, 143, pi. 5, fig. 26.

Xestoleberis aurantia ( Baird); G. S. Brady, Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond. 26, 437, pi. 27, figs. 34 - 37; pi. 39, fig. 6.

Xestoleberis pusilla sp. nov. O. Elofson, Zool. Bidr. Upps. 19, 341 , text-figs. 22 - 25.

1928 Xestoleberis aurantia (Baird); G. O. Sars, An account of the Crustacea of Norway vol. 9, Ostracoda, Bergen

Museum, 243, pi. 1 1 1 , fig. 1 . (= X. nitida Liljeborg, 1853).

non

1 957 Xestoleberis aurantia (Baird); A. P. C. de Vos, Archs. Zool. exp. gdn. 95 (n. ser. 8), 48, pi. 1 8, fig. 4a; pi. 1 9, figs.

4a - d ; pi. 20, figs. 1 a - e. (= X rubens Whittaker, 1978).

\9$9 Xestoleberis aurantia (Baird); 1. Yassini, Bull. Inst. Ge'ol. Bassin Aquitaine, 7, 125, pis. 5 - 7, 9, 1 1 - 1 3, 1 5.

(= X. nitida Liljeborg, 1853 and X. rubens Whittaker, 1978).

Neotype:

(here designated). Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) no. 1977.19; 9 RV, from a slide labelled X. aurantia in the

A. M. Norman coll, (ex-slide no. 1900 - 3 - 6 - 323).

Explanation of Plate 5, 28

Fig. 1, 9 car., ext. It. lat. (1977.15, 470 pm long); fig. 2, d car., ext. It. lat. (1977.16, 380 pm long); fig. 3, d copulatory

appendages, vent, view ( 1977.17, d car., 400 pm long).

Scale A (200 pm; x 150), figs. 1,2; scale B (25 pm; x 600), fig. 3.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 29

Xestoleberis aurantia (3 of 8)

Type locality: Scarborough, NE England, approx, lat. 54° 1 5'N, long. 0°20'W. Recent.

Figured specimens:

Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) nos. 1977.15 (9 car.: PI. 5, 28, fig. 1), 1977.16 (d car.: PI. 5, 28, fig. 2), 1977.17

(d car.: PI. 5, 28, fig. 3), 1977.18 (9 LV: PI. 5, 30, fig. 1), 1977.19 Neotype (9 RV: PI. 5, 30, fig. 2),

1977.20 (d LV: PI. 5, 30, fig. 3), 1977.21 (d RV: PI. 5, 30, fig. 4; PI. 5, 34, fig. 2), 1977.22 (9 car.: PI.

5, 30, fig. 5), 1977.23 (9 car.: PI. 5, 30, fig. 6), 1977.24 (d car.: PI. .5, 30, fig. 7). 1977.25 (d car.: PI. 5,

30, fig. 8), 1977.26 (9 RV: P1.5, 32, figs.l , 2, 4), 1977.27 (9 LV: P1.5, 32, figs. 3, 5,6), 1977.28 (9 RV

and soft parts: PL 5, 34, fig. 1), 1977.29 (9 RV: PI. 5, 34, fig. 3), 1977.30 (d LV: PL 5, 34, fig. 4),

1977.108 (d copulatory appendages: Text-fig. 1).

1977.15 - 18, 20 - 30, 108, were collected alive by J. E. Whittaker from green-algae, Corallina

and Fucus with epiphytes, at various times (viz. August 1968; March, May and August 1969) in rock-

pools at Osmington Mills, Weymouth Bay, S England, approx, lat. 50° 38 'N, long. 02° 23 'W; water

temperature 5 - 19 °C, salinity 33 - 34%0 . 1977.19 was collected alive from rock-pools at the type

locality by the Rev. A. M. Norman in 1881 .

Explanation of Plate 5, 30

Fig. 1, 9 LV, ext. lat. (1977.18, 480 pm long); fig. 2, 9 RV, ext. lat. (neotype, 1977.19, 490 pm long); fig. 3, d LV, ext. lat.

(1977.20, 390 pm long); fig. 4, d RV, ext. lat. (1977.21, 380 pm long); fig. 5, 9 car., ext. dors. (1977.22, 450 /im long); fig. 6,9

car., ext. vent. (1977.23, 480 p m long); fig. 1,6 car., ext. dors. (1977. 24, 370 pm long); fig. 8, d car., ext. vent. (1977.25, 390

pm long).

Scale A (200 pm\ x 95), figs. 1 - 8.

f- |

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 30

Xestoleberis aurantia (4 of 8)

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 28

Xestoleberis aurantia (2 of 8)

-+-!~ r-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 31

Diagnosis: Adults strongly dimorphic, males (260 - 420 p m

long) much smaller than females (420 - 500 long),

and more elongate. Shell moderately compressed in

dorsal view; in lateral view, sub-reniform, dorsal

margin rounded, ventral margin with oral concavity

and flange-like overlap by RV antero-ventrally.

Venter sub-rounded. Opaque area small, just behind

“Xestoleberis - spot”. Postero-ventral marginal pore

canals straight and short. Shape of terminal lappets of

male copulatory appendages distinctive with long

external projection of ductus ejaculatorius. Living

specimens usually with yellowish-orange

pigmentation or whitish.

Xestoleberis aurantia (5 of 8)

Text-fig. 1, 6 copulatory

100 ^m; 1977.108).

appendages (scale

Remarks: Cythere aurantia was first described by Baird from Berwick Bay, NE England, along with four other

marine, phytal species C. lutea O. F. Muller (asC. reniformis), C. (now Heterocythereis) albomaculata,

C. (now Semicytherura) nigrescens and C. (now Paradoxostoma) variabile, which suggests his sampling

place was in the littoral zone, probably a rock-pool. As the types are not with the remaining part of the

Baird Collection in the B.M. (N.H.), the neotype has been chosen carefully to correspond with his

description of 1838.

Explanation of Plate 5, 32

Figs. 1 , 2, 4, 9 RV, int. lat. ( 1977.26, 430 pm long): fig. 1 , int. lat.; fig. 2, ant. hinge; fig. 4, post, hinge. Figs, 3, 5, 6, 9 LV, int.

lat. ( 1977.27, 460 ^rm long): fig. 3, post, hinge; fig. 5, ant. hinge; fig. 6, muse. sc.

Scale A ( 100 ^m; x 140), fig. 1 ; scale B (50 ^m; x 240), figs. 2-5; scale C (25 p m; x 450), fig. 6.

-< — 1--1 —

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 33

Xestoleberis aurantia (7 of 8)

Remarks: As the original illustration was poor and probably because many species of Xestoleberis look

(contd.) superficially alike, a number of different forms, both fossil and Recent, from all over the world, have

been “lumped” together as X. aurantia. In NW Europe, the name would now appear to include two

common species [i.e. X. aurantia sensu Sars, 1928, and X. aurantia sensu Brady, 1868 (= X. pusilla

Elofson, 1941)]. A third species, X. rubens Whittaker, 1978 (Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells, 5,

35 - 44, 1978), has also been confused with X. aurantia in this area, but its distribution is at present

poorly known; it is not discussed further in this paper.

After an examination of the Brady and the Norman Collections in the B.M. (N.EL) and Hancock

Museums, I am confident that Brady’s 1868 concept of the species must be the true X. aurantia (Baird).

X. aurantia sensu Sars, 1928 differs from Baird’s description in being too large to be classed as “very

minute”; in being subtriangular with an umbonate dorsal margin, rather than reniform with a rounded

dorsal margin, and in having white pigmentation instead of yellowish orange. Furthermore, it has never

been found in wholly marine environments. Of all the slides in these two collections labelled

X. aurantia, none from marine localities in Britain and elsewhere in NW Europe, contain the larger form,

a factor most surprising when one considers that Brady & Norman, when designating the type -species in

1889 ( Scient . Trans. R. Dubl. Soc. ser. 2, 5, 188), declared the two to be synonymous, a statement

followed by Sars, 1928, and most subsequent authors. X. aurantia (Baird) is illustrated and redescribed

herein, while the name X. nitida (Liljeborg, 1853) is rehabilitated for the other species (see Stereo-Atlas

of Ostracod Shells, 5,17- 26, 1978).

Distribution: Records can be confirmed from numerous localities around the coasts of Great Britain and Ireland and

as far north as W Norway [B.M. (N.H.) and Hancock Museum Collections] . It has been recorded as

X. pusilla Elofson in the Skagerrak (Elofson, 1941) and Roscoff Bay, Brittany (de Vos, 1957). Other

Recent records, together with the stratigraphical range of X. aurantia now need careful revision.

Explanation of Plate 5, 34

Fig. 1, 9 RV, int. lat. showing soft parts (1977.28, 430 pm long); figs. 2 -4, pore types: fig. 2, funnel-shaped simple pore, mid

vent, region (1977.21); fig. 3, sieve-type pore, post. dors, region (1977.29, 9 RV, 470 pm long); fig. 4, simple and sieve-type

pores, ant. vent, region (1977.30, c5 LV, 380 pm long).

Scale A (100 pm; x 140), fig. 1 ; scale B (5 pm; x 2,000), figs. 2, 3; scale C (10 pm; x 675), fig. 4.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (5) 35 - 44 (1978) Xestoleberis rubens (1 of 10)

595.337.14 (1 19.9) (261.268 : 162.002.51 + 261.28 : 162.001.45) : 551.351

ON XESTOLEBERIS RUBENS WHITTAKER sp.nov.

by John E. Whittaker

(British Museum (Natural History), London)

Xestoleberis rubens sp. nov.

1957 Xestoleberis aurantia (Baird); A. P. C. de Vos, Archs. Zool. exp. gen. 95 (n. ser. 8), 48, pi. 18, fig. 4a; pi. 1 9, figs. 4a - d;

pi. 20, figs, la - e. ( non Cy there aurantia Baird, 1 838).

1969 Xestoleberis aurantia (Baird); I. Yassini, Bull. Inst. Ge'ol. Bassin Aquitaine, 7, 125 (pars), pis. 5-7 (pars), 9 (pars), 1 1 -

13, 15 (pars). ( non C. aurantia Baird).

Holotype: Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) no. 1977.31;? car.

Type locality: Bridging Point, The Narrows, E Fleet, Dorset, S England, approx, lat. 50°36'N, long. 2°29'W; Recent.

Derivation of name: From the Latin adj. meaning “ruddy” or “blushing”; refers to the beautiful red-brown pigmentation (see

Text-fig. 2).

Explanation of Plate 5, 36

Fig. 1, 9 car., ext. It. lat. (holotype, 1977.31, 620 pm long); fig. 2, d car., ext. It. lat. (1977.32, 560 pm long); fig. 3, d

copulatory appendages, vent, view (1977.33, d car., 570 pm long).

Scale A (200 ^m; x 100), figs. 1,2; scale B (50 ^m; x 280), fig. 3.

•(— 1-4-

I — (-+■

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 37

Xestoleberis rubens (3 of 10)

Figured specimens: Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.) nos. 1977.31 Holotype (9 car.: PI. 5, 36, fig. 1), 1977.32 (d car.; PI. 5, 36, fig. 2),

1977.33 (d car.: PI. 5, 36, fig. 3), 1977.34 (9 LV: PI. 5, 38, fig. 1), 1977.35 (9 RV: PI. 5, 38, fig. 2; PI. 5,

42, fig. 2), 1977.36 (d LV; PI. 5, 38, figs. 3, 7), 1977.37 (d RV; PI. 5, 38, fig. 4), 1977.38 (9 car.: PI. 5,

38, fig. 5), 1977.39 (d car.: PI. 5, 38, fig. 6), 1977.40 (9 LV: PI. 5, 40, fig. 3), 1977.41 (9 RV: PI. 5, 40,

figs. 1,2,4), 1977.42 (9 LV and soft parts: PI. 5, 40, fig. 5; PI. 5,42, fig. 4), 1977.43 (9 LV: PI. 5, 42, fig.

1), 1977.44 (d LV: PI. 5, 42, fig. 3), 1977.109 (d copulatory appendages: Text-fig. 3), 1977.1 10 (9 car.:

Text-fig. 2), 1977.111 (9 LV: Text -fig. 1).

All specimens were collected alive by J. E. Whittaker. 1977.31, 33 - 35, 38 - 42, 111, were

collected on 4.8.1969 from green and red algae in the littoral zone at the type locality; salinity 35%o,

water temperature 22°C. 1977.43, 44, are also from the type locality, collected 13.8.1968, on red algae;

salinity 34%o, water temperature 19 °C. 1977.32, 109.110, are from the green alga Enteromorpha,

collected 25.10. 1975 at Chickerell Hive Point, 1km to the NW of the type locality, E Fleet; salinity 32%o.

1977.36, 37 are from La Teste de Buch, S Arcachon Basin, SW France; approx, lat. 44° 39'N, long.

1° 09'W; on Enteromorpha.

Explanation of Plate 5, 38

Fig. 1, 9 LV, ext. lat. (1977.34, 640 long); fig. 2, 9 RV, ext. lat. (1977.35, 640 long); fig. 3,d LV, ext. lat. ( 1977.36,

530 pm long); fig. 4, d RV, ext. lat. (1977.37, 530 long); fig. 5, 9 car., ext. vent. ( 1977.38, 630 pm long); fig. 6, d car., ext.

dors. (1977.39, 560 pm long); fig. 7, d LV, detail of ant. vent, ornament (1977.36).

Scale A (200 pm\ x 65), figs. 1 - 6 ; scale B (25 pm\ x 500), fig. 7.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 36

Xestoleberis rubens (2 of 10)

Xestoleberis rubens (4 of 10)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 38

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,39

Xestoleberis rubens (5 of 10)

Text-fig. 1, 9 LV, vent., transmitted light, to show

branching marginal pore canals (1977.1 11).

Text-fig. 2, 9 car., It. lat., transmitted light, to show

opaque area, eye, “ Xestoleberis - spot”, muscle scars

and marginal zone. In life, the species is red-brown in

colour, except for the opaque area and marginal zone,

which is buff ( 1977.1 10).

(Scale = 100 /rm; Text-figs. 1, 2).

Explanation of Plate 5, 40

Figs. 1 , 2, 4, 9 RV, int. lat. (1977.41 , 630 /x m long): fig. 1 , ant. hinge; fig. 2, post, hinge; fig. 4, int. lat. Fig. 3, 9 LV, muse. sc.

(1977.40, 9 LV, 630 /urn long). Fig. 5, 9 LV, int. lat. (1977.42, 650 /x m long) showing soft parts with juvs. (-7), eggs and/or

nauplii inside “brood chamber” (marsupium).

Scale A (50 [xm\ x 200), figs. 1,2; scale B (50 fx m; x 300), fig. 3; scale C (200 ^m; x 80), figs. 4, 5.

■*— t-4-

I — t-t-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,41

Xestoleberis rubens (7 of 10)

j.

T"

f T

r-

Diagnosis: Adults 520 - 700 /jm long; dimorphic, males more elongate and smaller than females. Shell moderately

inflated in dorsal aspect; in lateral view sub-reniform with rounded dorsal margin and distinctive ventral

sinuosity. Venter rounded. Antero-ventral area of male right valve with pustulose ornament. Opaque area

saddle shaped. Postero-ventral marginal pore canals long and branching. Terminal lappets of male

copulatory appendages with distinctive outline. In life, shell has predominantly red-brown pigmentation.

d

Explanation of Plate 5, 42

Figs. 1 - 4, pore types: fig. 1 , funnel-shaped simple- and sieve-type pores, ant. vent, region (9 LV, 1977.43); fig. 2, funnel-shaped

simple pore and flush sieve pore, ant. dors, region (9 RV, 1977.35); fig. 3, flush sieve pore, ant. dors, region (d LV, 1977.44);

fig. 4, funnel-shaped simple- and sieve-type pores in juv. (- 7), ant. dors, region (uppermost instar in 9 marsupium, PL 5, 40, fig.

5, 1977.42).

Scale A (5 (xm\ x 1 ,300), fig. 1 ; scale B (5 ^m; x 1 ,500), fig. 2; scale C (5 /rm; x 3,900), fig. 3; scale C (5 p; x 1 ,200), fig. 4.

I

I

l

l

Xestoleberis rubens (6 of 10)

Stereo- Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 40

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 47.

Xestoleberis rubens (8 of 10)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 43

Xestoleberis rubens (9 of 10)

Remarks: X. rubens is the commonest ostracod in the phytal assemblages of the marine E Fleet, S England,

especially in summer and autumn months. The females carry eggs and small juveniles within their

carapaces (“marsupium”) at all times of the year and it would appear that reproduction is continuous.

After moulting to the (- 6) stage, the juveniles leave the mother’s carapace, as no later stages than the (-7),

the first with calcareous valves (see PI. 5, 40, fig. 5) have been found inside the female. In the

brackish W Fleet, X. rubens is gradually replaced by X. nitida (Liljeborg) (see Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod

Shells, 5, 17 - 26, 1978), while in Weymouth Bay, to which the lagoonal Fleet is connected, the new

species is replaced, this time by X. aurantia (Baird) (see Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells, 5, 27 - 34,

1978); in spite of similar ecological conditions, only a few individuals have ever been found in Weymouth

Bay, no more than a few kilometres to the E of this remarkably localised population.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 44

--H-t--

Xestoleberis rubens (10 of 10)

Distribution: No specimens of this distinctive species were found during a thorough examination of the B.M. (N.H.) and

Hancock Museum Collections of Xestoleberis, either from Britain or elsewhere. From a close comparison

of the shell characteristics and male copulatory organ figured by de Vos (1957), under the name

X. aurantia, it is clear that X. rubens is also found at Roscoff, Brittany. Furthermore, 1 have collected it

at several stations in the Arcachon Basin, SW France (illustrated herein); Yassini (1969) only refers to

X. aurantia, but I found both X. rubens and X. nitida in his material at the Univ. of Bordeaux and in my

Arcachon samples, while Baird’s species did not occur. Athersuch, Hartmann, Neale and Wouters (pers.

comms.) all report that they have not found X. rubens in the Mediterranean, or elsewhere in Europe for

that matter.

I I I

4-4- -4-

r

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (6) 45 - 48 (1978) Karinutatia crux (1 of 4)

595.336.21 (1 13.312) (486.161.018.57) : 551.35 + 552.55

ON KARINUTATIA CRUX SCHALLREUTER gen. et sp. nov.

by Roger E. L. Schallreuter

(University of Hamburg, German Federal Republic)

Genus KARINUTATIA gen. nov.

Type-species: Karinutatia crux sp. nov.

In honour of my wife Karin Uta, for her encouragement with my ostracod studies. Gender, feminine.

A member of the Monotiopleuridae (Kloedenellacea, Platycopa) with subamplete outline; posterior

cardinal angle slightly greater than 90°, anterior cardinal angle considerably larger, hinge-line much shorter

than valve length, anterior valve margin rounded in lateral view. Sulcus tiny, pit-like, distinctly anterior of

mid-length, slightly dorsal of mid-height. Female relatively higher and posteriorly wider than male, with

two rounded, internal, posterior depressions, one beneath the other. Shell reticulate, longitudinal ‘ribs’

more prominently developed than cross elements.

Of all other known monotiopleurids only Foveaprimitiella Schallreuter, 1972 has a similar pit-like sulcus

(cf. Guber & Jaanusson, Bull. geol. Instn. Univ. Upsala 43 (1/3), 2, 1965 = Publ. Palaeont. Instn. Univ.

Upsala 53, 1964; Schallreuter, Wiss. Z. Univ. Greifswald 17 (1/2) 1968 & 21 (2) 1972). Foveaprimitiella

differs in having a smaller anterior cardinal angle, a more centrally placed adductorial pit and a more

symmetrical outline (in lateral view the anterior and posterior valve margins extend about equal amounts

beyond the hinge line). Furthermore, Foveaprimitiella has only valve surface reticulation, whereas

the new genus shows a much more pronounced shell reticulation.

Explanation of Plate 5. 46

Fig. 1 , <5 RV, ext. lat. (GPIH 1982, 640 pm long); fig. 2, 9 LV, ext. lat. (holotype, GPIH 1983, 635 pm long).

Scale A ( 100 ^m; x 145), figs. 1 , 2.

Derivation of name:

Diagnosis:

Remarks:

I Hi-'

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 47

Karinutatia crux (3 of 4)

— X4.-+.

1 ' !

Remarks: In its shell reticulation and sulcal pit morphology Karinutatia strongly resembles Martinssonozona

(contd.) Schallreuter, 1968 and it appears to represent an intermediate form between the dimorphic

monotiopleurids and the non-dimorphic Kirkbyacea. The morphology of Karinutatia therefore suggests

that the Kirkbyacea descended from non-dimorphic monotiopleurids and that the Kirkbyacea and the

platycopes are closely related (cf. Schallreuter, 129, 1968). Besides the absence of sexual dimorphism

Martinssonozona differs from Karinutatia by its more symmetrical outline.

Karinutatia crux sp. nov.

Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University ofHamburg.no. 1983 9 FV.

Isle of Gotland, beach opposite the Isle of Filla Karlso (Baltic Sea); lat. 57° 18'N, long. 18° 8'E. Backstein-

kalk erratic boulder ( 14B2 Type, no. G3 1 ), Middle Ordovician.

Fatin, crux, cross; alluding to the normally cross-like lumina of the shell reticulation.

Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, nos. 1982 (d RV: PI. 5, 46, fig. 1; PI. 5,

48, fig. 2), 1983 (9 FV: PI. 5, 46, fig. 2; PI. 5, 48, figs. 1,4), 1984 (9 RV: PI. 5, 48, fig. 3). All from

Backsteinkalk erratic boulder no. G31 (for further data see type locality); coll, by the author in 1976.

As for the genus.

Similar rounded depressions on the inner side of the posterior third of the presumed female valve occur

also in other platycopes such as Cytherelloidea (for example, see Bischoff, Senckenberg. leth. 45, 17, pi.

3, fig. 20a, 1964) and Lomatopisthia (Guber & Jaanusson, op. cit ., pi. 4, figs. 9, 1 1).

Known only from the type locality.

Explanation of Plate 5, 48

Figs. 1, 4, 9 LV (holotype, GPIH 1983): fig. 1, ext. vent, obi.; fig. 4, ext. lat., detail showing shell reticulation. Fig. 2, d RV,

ext. vent. obi. (GPIH 1982); fig. 3, 9 RV, int. lat. (GPIH 1984. 610^m long).

Scale A ( 1 00 pm \ x 110), figs. 1,2; scale B ( 1 00 pm \ x 1 23), fig. 3 ; scale C (50 pm \ x 300), fig. 4.

Holotype:

Type locality:

Derivation of name:

Figured specimens:

Diagnosis:

Remarks:

Distribution:

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 46

Karin utatia crux (2 of 4)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 48

Karinutatia crux (4 of 4)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (7) 49 - 56 (1978)

595.337.2 (1 13.313) (486 : 161.018.57 + 492.71 : 161.008.54) : 551.35 + 552.55

Duplicristatia asymmetrica (1 of 8)

DUPLICRISTATIA ASYMMETRICA SCHALLREUTER gen. et sp. nov.

by Roger E. L. Schallreuter

(University of Hamburg, German Federal Republic)

Genus, DUPLICRISTATIA gen. nov.

Type -species: Duplicristatia asymmetrica sp. nov.

Derivation of name: Latin, duplex, dual; alluding to the two main cristae of the lateral surface.

Diagnosis: A genus of Budnianellidae with tricorninid-like outline. Strongly convex, domicilium broadest centrally,

anterior and posterior areas relatively flat. Anterior half of left valve dorsal border has ± broad, long,

flange-like stragulum. Lateral surface with two cristae and numerous finer, parallel ridges; dorsal crista of

left valve and ventral crista of right valve extend to dorsal border. A narrow, adventral flange- or keel-like

structure occurs near the free margin except centroventrally; here, in both valves, ‘bow-shaped’

projections are developed. Two short stop-ridges in internal ventral part of left valve. No inner lamella.

Explanation of Plate 5, 50

Figs. 1 , 2, LV (holotype, GPIH 1985, 635 long); fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent. obi.

Scale A (100 /rm; x 140), figs. 1 , 2.

-H-+-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,51

Duplicristatia Asymmetrica (3 of 8)

Remarks: Brevicornina Griindel & Kozur is closely similar to Duplicristatia but differs mainly by its convexity

(domicilium broadest ventrally) and by the occurrence of only one, ventral crista, which in lateral view

can over-hang the ventral margin ( Mber . DT. Akad. Mss. Berlin 13 (10/12. 1972). It is possible to

recognise another new genus based on the material described under Budnianella shenandoahense by Kratt

(Mem. geol. Soc. Am. 86, Sept. 1962; non Budnianella shenandoahense Swain, J. Paleont. 36 (4), 735,

July 1962; but see also Sohn, Science 159, 441, 1968). The new genus would be characterized by an

amplete outline, broadest width in the ventral half of the domicilium and the development of only one

crista in the ventral half of the valve (Swain, op. cit . , pi. 1 10, figs. 5a - e; Kraft, op. cit . , pi. 1 6, figs. 1,2;

Blumenstengel, Freiberger ForschHft. ser. C 182, text-fig. 20, 1965; Kniipfer, ibid. 234, pi. 5, fig. 2a,

1968).

The Silurian genus Budnianella Boucek ( Neus . Jb. Miner Geol. Palaont. BeilBd. 76 (1) 1936) is

easily distinguished. It has a ± amplete outline, a domicilium which is broadest in the dorsal half, and a

lack of cristae.

Duplicristatia seems to be closely related to other genera in addition to Brevicornina, a genus

which Griindel & Kozur (op. cit., 909) considered to be a primitive member of the Tricorninidae

Blumenstengel, 1965. The tricorninid-like outline, the stragulum, and especially the occurrence of stop-

ridges in the left valve demonstrate that Duplicristatia has affinities with Steusloffina Teichert, 1937, a

genus which Schallreuter referred to the Tricorninidae (Mss. Z. Univ. Greifswald 17 (1/2), 1968).

By contrast Griindel & Kozur ( Freiberger ForschHft. ser. C, 282, 1973) consider that Steusloffina is not

directly related to the Tricorninidae, a possible assignment, also questioned by Hessland & Adamczak

when remarking “that the bow-shaped projections on both valves are of fundamental importance in

establishing the taxonomic relationships of Steusloffina" (Geosci. Man 6, 1974).

Explanation of Plate 5, 52

Figs. 1 , 2, RV (GPIH 1986, 585 pm long); fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent. obi.

Scale A (100 /an; x 160), figs. 1 , 2.

Duplicristatia asymmetrica (2 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 50

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,52

Duplicristatia asymmetrica (4 of 8)

■

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 53 Duplicristatia Asymmetrica (5 of 8)

Remarks: According to Griindel & Kozur Tricornina is equivalved (op.cit., 907, 1972), and Hessland & Adamczak

(contd.) comment that, “the large overlap of the valves in Steusloffina are not observed in the nominative taxon

Tricornina” (op. cit.. 62). This may not. however, be true: examples which have a ventral bow-shaped

projection are known (Schallreuter, Neus. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Abh. 150 (3), 274, 1975; Groos .Gottinger

Arb. Geol. Palaont. 1, tex-fig. 19, 7b, 1969). Although Steusloffina may not eventually prove to be a

member of the Tricorninidae it is, however, apparently closer related to that family than has been

considered by other authors.

Kraft (op. cit.) included two genera in the family Budnianellidae Swain (op. cit., cf. Sohn, op.

cit.), Budnianella and Platyrhomboides. The latter was established by Harris (Bull. Okla. geol. Surv. 75,

1957), who assigned it to the Beecherellidae. According to Schallreuter (Neus. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Abh.

131 (1), 82, 1968) this was correct, and the Budnianellidae were considered synonymous with the

Beecherellidae. The Budnianellidae cannot, however, continue to be included with the Beecherellidae

(Bairdiacea, Cypridocopa). The Beecherellidae possess a broad inner lamella which is unknown in the

Budnianellidae. Moreover, the budnianellid Duplicristatia has stop-ridges, stuctures apparently typical

for the Metacopa (Adamczak, Senckenberg. leth. 57 (4/6) 1976). The budnianellids may, along with

Steusloffina (cf. Hessland & Adamczak, op. cit., 63) and the Tricorninidae, belong to the Metacopa.

Explanation of Plate 5, 54

Fig. 1 , LV, ext. lat. (GP1H 1987, 570 ,um long); fig. 2, LV, ext. dors. obi. (holotype, GPIH 1985).

Scale A ( 1 00 pm; x 160), figs. 1,2.

TT-r

' -f— t—

■f-f-r-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,55

Duplicristatia Asymmetrica (7 of 8)

Duplicristatia asymmetrica sp. nov.

Holotype: Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, no. 1985, LV.

Type locality : Beach north of Lickershamn, Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea); lat. 57° 49.5'N,long. 18°30.5'E. Ojlemyrflint

erratic boulder (no. G6), Upper Ordovician.

Derivation of name: Referring to the asymmetrical arrangement of the stragulum and cristae on the two valves of the

carapace.

Figured specimens: Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, nos. 1985 (LV: PI. 5, 50, figs. 1, 2; PL 5,

54, fig. 2), 1986 (RV: PL 5, 52, figs. 1 , 2), 1987 (LV: PL 5, 54, fig. 1 ), 1988 (LV: PL 5, 56, fig. 1), 1989

(LV: PL 5, 56, fig. 2).

1985 - 1988 are from the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea); Ojlemyrflint erratic boulders nos. G6

(1985 - 1987; type locality; coll, by Horst Kaufmann, 1975) and G30 (1988; beach opposite the Isle of

Lilia Karlso; lat. 57° 1 8' N, long. 18° 8'E; coll, by the author, 1976). 1989 is from Hornstein boulder no.

Sy74 of the Kaolinsand (Pliocene - ? Pleistocene), near Braderup, the Isle of Sylt (N Frisian Is); lat.

54° 56'N, long. 8° 2 1 ' E; coll, by Ulrich von Hacht, 1976. All specimens are of Upper Ordovician age.

Diagnosis: As for the genus.

Distribution: Ojlemyrflint erratic boulders of the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea) and special Hornstein boulders of the

Kaolinsand (Pliocene - ? Pleistocene) of the Isle of Sylt (N. Frisian Is, N Sea). All Upper Ordovician age.

Explanation of Plate 5, 56

Fig. 1 , LV, int. lat. (GPIH 1988, 560 pm long); fig. 2, LV, ext. lat. (GPIH 1989, 685 pm long).

Scale A (100 pm; x 170), fig. 1 ; scale B ( 100 ^m; x 140), fig. 2.

1— f— 1

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,56

Duplicristatia asymmetrica (8 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 54

Duplicristatia asymmetrica (6 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (8) 57 - 60 (1978)

595.336.13 (1 13.313) (486 : 161.018.57) : 551.35 + 552.55

Terradella egorowi (1 of 4)

ON TETRAD ELLA EGOROWI NECKAJA

by Roger E. L. Schallreuter

(University of Hamburg, German Federal Republic )

Tetradella egorowi Neckaja, 1952

1952 Tetradella egorowi sp. nov. A. I. Neckaja, Trudy vses neft. nauchno-issled. geol. ~razv. Inst. 60 (= Mikrofauna SSSR 5),

217, 225 - 26 (presumably pars, see remarks), pi. 2, fig. 10.

1953. Tetradella egorowi Neckaja & T. egorovi Neckaja; A. I. Neckaja, lb id, 78 (= Stratigrafija i fauna ordovika i siiura zapada

Russkoj platformy), 326 - 28, 329, 330, 360, 361 , table 1 (358) (presumably pars, see remarks), pi. 3, figs. 1 - 6.

1954 Tetradella plicatula (Krause); G. Henmngsmoen, Norsk geol. Tiddskr. 33 ( 1/2), 80, 81, 101 (pars), pi. 1 . fig. 1 1 ;non 80.

81, 101 (pars), pi. 1 , figs. 8-10 (- T. pentaloculata Schallreuter sp. nov. & T. sp.).

1959 Tetradella egorovi Neckaja; L. Sarv, Eesti NS V Tead. Akad. Geol. Inst, uurimused 4, 153, 195. table 2 (189).

1960 Tetradella egorovi Neckaja; L. Sarv, Ibid. 5, 242, table 1 .

1960 Tetradella egorovi Neckaja; I. E. Zanma, A. I. Neckaja & E. N. Polenova, Osnovy paleontologii 8 (Clenistonogie

trilobitoobraznye i rakoobraznye) , text-fig. 700.

1966 Tetradella egorovi Neckaja; L. Sarv, Iskopaemye ostrakody (Fossil Ostracoda, 1971), 21 (& 22 respectively) pi 2

(23), figs. 11, 12.

1971 Tetradella egorowi Neckaja; A. L. Guber, J. Paleont. 45 (1), 14, 16, 21, text-fig 6, pi. 3, figs. 5,6.

1973 Tetradella egorowi Neckaja; M. J. Copeland, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap. 72 - 43, 14, text-figs. 2a, b.

1 975 Tetradella egorowi Neckaja; Schallreuter, N. Jb. Geol. Palaont. A bh. 1 50 (3), 289.

Holotype: VNIGRI, Leningrad, no. 21 - 157 (Neckaja 1952, 225). Given elsewhere as 26-151 (Neckaja 1953, 326;

Sarv 1959, 153). A presumed juv. tecnomorphic RV.

Explanation of Plate 5, 58

Figs. 1-3,9 LV (GPIH 1990, 1030 ^ni long): fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent, obi.; fig. 3, ext. ant. obi.

Scale A (250 pm; x 74), figs. 1,2; scale B (250 ^m; x 66), fig. 3.

■f ■

i-j—

-yy- 1~

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,59

Tetradella egorowi (3 of 4)

Type locality: Porchov Region, Pskov District, Russia; approx, lat. 57° 48 'N, long. 29° 35'E. Rakvere Stage (E), Upper

Ordovician.

Figured specimens: Geologisch - Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, nos. 1990 (9 LV: PI. 5, 58, figs. 1 - 3),

1991 (tecnomorphic RV: PI. 5, 60, figs. 1 - 3). Both from the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea); Ojlemyrflint

erratic boulders, nos. G13 (1991; beach at Haftings: lat. 57° 53'N, long. 18° 37'E; coll, by Horst

Kaufmann, 1975) and G30 ( 1990; beach opposite the Isle of Lilia Karlso; lat 57° 1 8'N, long 1 8°8'E; coll,

by the author, 1976). Both Upper Ordovician age.

Diagnosis: Adult valves 0.90 - 1.03mm long. Unisulcate, S2 long, sigmoidal. Spine-like nodes outline remnants of

quadrilobation: two at dorsal border, near anterior cardinal corner (LI) and mid-posteriorly (L3/4)

respectively; three in ventral regions (L2 ventral, L3, L4); one at preadductorial node (L2). LI and ventral

margins of ventral nodes are connected by a striated, flange-like histial ridge which can be extended to

behind L3/4. Cristae connect dorsal margin of L2 ventral node with LI and preadductorial node

respectively, and also occur between L3/4 nodes and L3, L4 respectively; cristae very often developed

only as rows of tubercles. No plica. Four loculi in each female valve. Surface smooth or finely granulose/

reticulogranulose; granules distributed irregularly or, along histium and velum, in parallel rows.

Remarks: Lobal morphology suggests that T. egorowi possibly originated from a species similar to T. ellipsilira

Kay, 1940 or, T. quadrilirata (Hall & Whitfield, 1875) (cf. Guber, op. cit., text-fig. 6). It is unknown

whether as in the two latter taxa, the adult male of T. egorowi, possess a buttress-like structure which

joins the velum to the histium. For further remarks see T. pentaloculata sp. nov. (Schallreuter,

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (10) 65 - 72, 1978).

Distribution: Upper Ordovician of Baltoscandia: Leningrad and Pskov districts: Rakvere Stage (E); Estonia; Rakvere

Stage (E) - Pirgu Stage (F, c); Lithuania; Lower Saaremyjza Beds (= F, a); Oslo Region: 5b horizon;

Ojlemyrflint erratic boulders of the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea) and of the Kaolinsand (Plio-Pleistocene)

of the Isle of Sylt (N Frisian Is, N Sea).

Explanation of Plate 5, 60

Figs. 1 - 3, juv. RV (GPIH 1991, 860 pm long): fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. anterovent. obi.; fig. 3, ext. posterovent. obi.

Scale A (250 pm; x 87), fig. 1 ; scale B (250 pm; x 102), figs. 2, 3.

»--1 — 1

Tetradella egorowi (4 of 4)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 58

Tetradella egorowi (2 of 4)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 60

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (9) 61 - 64 (1978)

595.336.13 (1 13.313) (486 : 161.018.57) : 551.35 + 552.55

Tetradella separata (1 of 4)

ON TETRADELLA SEPARATA SIDARAVICIENE

by Roger E. L. Schallreuter

(University of Hamburg, German Federal Republic)

-+-!~r-

1971

1975

Tetradella separata Sidaraviciene, 1971

Tetradella separata sp. nov. N. sidaraviciene, Palaeontology and stratigraphy of the Baltic and the Byelorussia 3, 27, 28,

32, 34, table 1 (pars), pi. 1 , fig; 2. non 28, 32, 34, table 1 (pars), pi. 1 , fig. 3 (- T. ? triloculata Schallreuter sp. nov).

Tetradella separata Sidaraviciene, Schallreuter, TV. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Abh. 150 (3), 289.

Holotype: Institute of Geology, Vilnius, Lithuania, no. 13 - 31/1,9 RV.

Type locality : At 648.5m in a borehole at Lapes, NE of Kaunas (Kowno), Lithuania; approx, lat. 55° 1 3 1 N , long.

24° 12'E. Porkuni Stage (F2), Upper Ordovician.

Figured specimens: Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, nos. 1992 (9 LV: PI. 5, 62, figs. 1 - 3),

1993 (juv. LV: PI. 5, 64, figs. 1 , 2), 1994 (juv. LV: PI. 5, 64, fig. 3). From the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea),

Ojlemyrflint erratic boulders nos. G13 (1993, 1994;beachat Haftings: lat. 57° 53‘N, long. 1 8° 37'E; coll,

by Horst Kaufmann, 1975) and G16 (1992; beach N of Lickershamn: lat. 57° 49 .5 'N, long. 18°30.5'E;

coll, by the author, 1976). All specimens are of Upper Ordovician age.

Explanation of Plate 5, 62

Figs. 1-3,9 LV (GPIH 1992, ] 1 25 long): fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent, obi.; fig. 3, ext. ant. obi.

Scale A (250 pm;x 73), figs. 1,2; scale B (250 pm: x 53), fig. 3.

-f-f-r-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 63

Tetradella separata (3 of 4)

Diagnosis: Adult valves 1.00 - 1.13 mm long. Unisulcate; S2 long, only weakly sigmoidal. Preadductorial node

relatively small, elongate. Dorsal plica entire. Histial ridge parallels anterior and ventral part of lateral

margin, ending posteriorly as a short, stout spine. Cristae present, often dissolved into rows of tubercles;

occur between and, in part, as a continuation of histium and dorsal plisa. Two cristae in front of S2, three

behind. Anterior cristae perpendicular to dorsal margin, straight or only weakly convex in anterior

direction, not uniting ventrally before reaching histium; posterior cristae also isolated, bow-shaped and

approximately parallel to posterior margin. Four loculi in each female valve. Histium undeveloped

adjacent to loculi, except for spine-like ending directly above fourth loculus at ventral end of middle

posterior crista. Surface smooth.

Remarks: Adult males are unknown. Therefore, it is not known whether or not this species possesses a buttress-like

structure joining velum and histium. In lobation and cristation T. separata is similar to T. ulrichi Kay (J.

Paleont. 8 (3) 1934), a species which also is not known to have a buttress (cf. Guber,/. Paleont. 45 (1),

21, 1971). For further remarks see T. ? triloculata sp. nov. (Schallreuter, Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5

(11)73 -80, 1978).

Distribution: Originally documented from the Porkuni Stage (F2) of Lithuania (Sidaraviciene, op. cit ., 27, 28). Other

records in the same paper (34 and table 1), from F, c horizons, may have been given in error. Ojlemyrflint

erratic boulders of the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea) and of the Kaolinsand (Plio-Pleistocene) of the

Isle of Sylt (N Sea); Upper Ordovician.

Explanation of Plate 5, 64

Figs. 1 , 2, juv. LV (GPIH 1993, 900 p m long): fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent. obi. Fig. 3, juv. LV, ext. lat. (GPIH 1994,

590 pm long).

Scale A (250 pm; x 80), fig. 1 ; scale B (250 pm; x 67), fig. 2; scale C ( 100 ^m; x 114), fig. 3.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 62

Tetradella separata (2 of 4)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 64

Tetradella separata (4 of 4)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (10) 65 - 72 (1978) Tetradella pentaloculata (1 of 8)

595.336.13 (1 13.313) (486 : 161.018.57) : 551.35 + 552.55

ON TETRADELLA PENTALOCULATA SCHALLREUTER sp. nov.

by Roger E. L. Schallreuter

(University of Hamburg, German Federal Republic)

Tetradella pentaloculata sp. nov.

1954 Tetradella plicatula (Krause); G. Henningsmoen, Norsk geol. Tidsskr. 33(1/2), 80, 81. 101 (pars), text-fig. 3, pi. 1 , figs

8, 9 ; non 80, 81, 101 (pars), pi. 1 , figs. 1 0, 1 1 (= T. sp. & T. egorowi ).

1962 Tetradella plicatula (Krause); L. Sarv, Eesti NS V Tead. Akad. Geol. Inst, uurimused 9, 95, 1 15, 117 (pars), 97, 116,

table 1 , pi. 5, figs. 11 -13; non 95, 115, 117 (pars) (= T. egorowi, T. sp. & T. ? plicatula).

1967 Tetradella plicatula: R. E. L. Schallreuter, Neus Jb. Geol. Palaont. Mh. 1967 (7), 434.

1975 Tetradella ? plicatula: Schallreuter, Ibid. Abh. 150 (3), 289.

Holotype: Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, no. 2000, 9 LV.

Type locality: Beach at Visby, Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea); lat. 57° 40 'N, long. 18° 18.5 'E. Ojlemyrflint erratic boulder

(no. 789); Upper Ordovician.

Explanation of Plate 5, 66

Figs. 1-3, incomplete 9 LV (holotype, GPIH 2000, 1 020 pm long): fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent, obi.; fig. 3, ext. ant. obi.

Scale A (250 pm\ x 75), figs. 1,2; scale B (250 pm\ x 53), fig. 3.

4--C + .

TT

I-

I — t-t-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 67

Tetradella pentaloculata (3 of 8)

Derivation of name: Referring to the five loculi of the female valve.

Figured specimens: Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, nos. 2000 (9 LV: PI. 5, 66, figs. 1 - 3),

2001 (juv. 9 LV: PI. 5, 68, figs. 1 - 3), 2002 (juv. <5 RV: PL 5, 70, figs. 1 , 2), 2003 (juv. LV: PL 5, 70, fig.

3), 2004 (d RV: PL 5, 72, figs. 1 - 3). From the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea), Ojlemyrflint erratic boulders

nos. 789 (2000, 2003, 2004; for further data see type locality) and G30 (2001, 2002; beach opposite the

Isle of Lilia Karlso; lat. 57° 18'N, long. 18° 8'E; coll, by the author, 1976). All specimens are of Upper

Ordovician age.

Diagnosis: Adults c. 1.10 - 1.15mm long. Essentially unisulcate; in adults S2 weakly sigmoidal, strongly inclined.

Preadductorial node (L2) large, bulbous; SI weak. Two oblique cristae, forming Y - shape, occur

anteriorly and ventrally of (and on ?) the preadductorial node. L3/4 has three, nearly parallel cristae,

uniting near dorsal plica; middle crista forms ventral, wing-like extension of histium; anterior crista occurs

just behind S2 posterior border. Dorsal plica represented by two, short, cusp-like cristae; anterior cusp

somewhat longer. Male has buttress below S2; each female valve has five loculi. Surface tuberculate,

irregularly granulose; tubercles commonly occur instead of cristae in juveniles, granules present even in

S2, except centrally, behind preadductorial node.

Remarks: This new species is characterized by the occurrence of five loculi in each female valve. Guber

confined the genus Tetradella Ulrich, 1890 to tetraloculate forms ( J . Paleont. 45 (1), 14, 1971).

_i.

r

Explanation of Plate 5, 68

Figs. 1 - 3, juv. 9 LV (GPIH 2001, 890 pm long): fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent, obi.; fig. 3, ext. vent.

Scale A (250 pm\ x 90), figs. 1,2; scale B (TOO pm\ x 114), fig. 3.

i

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 68

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 66

Tetradella pentaloculata (4 of 8)

Tetradella pentaloculata (2 of 8)

4-4-4

+ t~ T

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 69 Tetradella pentaloculata (5 of 8)

Remarks: The differentiation of supraspecific taxa based on the number of loculi is, however, not considered

(Contd.) possible in this particular case, because T. pentaloculata seems to originate from tetralocular forms; the

fifth loculus in the preadult female is not separated, by a septum, from the posterior canaliculus (PI. 5, 68,

figs. 2, 3). Furthermore, the number of loculi also varies within other loculate genera (e.g. Tetrasacculus

Stewart, 1936 , Semibolbina Jordan, 1964; see Schallreuter, Palaont. Z. 51 (1/2), 39, 43, 1977).

Since Henningsmoen’s paper (op. cit .), this species has been identified with Tetradella plicatula.

The holotype of that species differs fundamentally from the new species by its elongate, drop-hke

preadductorial node, the morphology of its cristae (± parallel to each other; not Y - like anteriorly; not

uniting at the posterior, dorsal plica) and its lack of plical cusps (Krause, Z. dt. geol. Ges. 44 (3), pi.

22, fig. 13, 1892).

Neckaja mentioned the occurrence of up to five loculi in each female valve of her new species

T. egorowi (Trudy vses neft. nauchno-issed. geol. ~razv. Inst. n. ser. 60 = Mikrofauna SSSR 5 , 225, 1952;

Ibid. 78, 327, 1953). Apparently, she mixed at least two different species under T. egorowi, which is

considered to be tetraloculate (Schallreuter, Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (8) 57 - 60, 1978). The

pentaloculate forms she mentions represent, therefore, either a new species or T. pentaloculata, which, in

the latter case, would extend its occurrence into at least the lower F, stage of the Baltic.

A buttress, linking velum and histium in the male, occurs in T. pentaloculata and the tetralocular

species T. quadrilirata (Hall & Whitfield, 1875) (type-species), T. ellipsilira Kay, 1940, T. thomasi

Copeland, 1973 and T. simplex (Ulrich, 1889) (cf. Guber, op. cit., and Copeland, Geol. Surv. Can. Pap.

72 - 43, 13, 1973); another common feature is the discontinuous,! cusp-like plica. Perhaps these species

respresent a distinct sub-genus. Because it lacks a buttress, T. scotti would therefore be considered outside

both this group and the temporal-morphologic series of those Tetradella species, outlined by Guber (op.

cit., 15, text -fig. 6).

Explanation of Plate 5, 70

Figs. 1, 2, juv. 6 RV (GPIH 2002, 990 long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent. obi. Fig. 3, juv. LV, ext. lat. (GPIH 2003,

6 1 0 long).

Scale A (250 ^m; x 80), figs. 1,2; scale B (100 ^m; x 82), fig. 3.

■t~ 1-4-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 71 Tetradella pentaloculata (7 of 8)

Remarks: A revised phyllogeny would show T. quadrilirata followed by T. thomasi (cf. Copeland, loc. cit.) and

(Contd.) possibly, as another branch, by T. pentaloculata. The dimensions of these species are in accordance with

these suggestions (younger species larger).

Guber (op. cit.) maintained that histial dimorphism occurs in Tetradella, an opinion disputed

by Schallreuter (1967) on the basis of, inter alia, the published material of T. pentaloculata (see also

PI. 5, 66, PI. 5, 72). This material demonstrates that the histium is not dimorphic: the distance between

the first crista and the edge of the histium is about the same in the male and female valves. Moreover, in

T. egorowi the distance between the edge of the histium and the crests of the ventral spines is about the

same in both dimorphs (Schallreuter, Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells, PI. 5, 58, fig. 1, PI. 5, 60, fig. 1,

1978). [In contrast, the velar flange seems to be broader in the male in both species]. Similarly,

T. ? triloculata lacks histial dimorphism: in both dimorphs the histial ridge does not extend below a

ventral line projected from the end of the fourth crista and, anteriorly, extends only slightly beyond a

vertical line drawn through the anterior cardinal corner (Schallreuter, Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells,

PI. 5,74, fig. 1, PI. 5,76, fig. 1, 1978). Guber’s method to prove the occurrence of histial dimorphism was

by measuring the distance from dorsal margin to histial edge. What he actually measured, however, was

the extent of domiciliar dimorphism (Schallreuter, Palaeontographica 153 (4/6), 167, 1976), a type of

dimorphism also apparently present in T. pentaloculata (adult male more slender than adult female).

T. ? carinata Keenan (/. Paleo. 25 (5), pi. 79, figs. 29 - 30, 1951) is superficially very similar to the new

species although the figures are too poor to be certain.

Distribution: Estonia: Porkuni stage (F2), Oslo Region, Norway; 5a(- b) horizon. Ojlemyrflint erratic boulders of the

Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea) and of the Kaolinsand (Plio- Pleistocene) of the Isle of Sylt (N Sea).

Explanation of Plate 5, 72

Figs. 1-3 ,6 RV (GPIH 2004, 1070 pm long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent, obi.; fig. 3, ext. vent.

Scale A (250 ^m; x 77), figs. 1,2; scale B (100 pm\ x 95), fig. 3.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 70

Tetradella pentaloculata (6 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 72

Tetradella pentaloculata (8 of 8)

H-f-r-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 ( 1 1 ) 73 - 80 (1978)

595.336.13 ( 1 13.313) (486 : 161.018.57) : 55 1 .35 + 552.55

Tetradella ? triloculata (1 of 8)

ON TETRADELLA? TRILOCULATA SCHALLREUTER sp. nov.

by Roger E. L. Schallreuter

(University of Hamburg, German Federal Republic)

Tetradella ? triloculata sp. nov.

1971 Tetradella separata sp. nov. N. SidaraviCiene, Palaeontology and stratigraphy of the Baltic and the Byelorussia 3, 28,

32, 34, table 1 (pars) , pi. 1 , figs. 3a - b.

Holotype: Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, no. 1995, 9 RV.

Type locality: Beach at Gnisvards, Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea); lat. 57° 30'N, long. 18°7'E. Ojlemyrflint erratic boulder

(no. G8); Upper Ordovician.

Derivation of name: With reference to the three loculi of the female valve.

Figured specimens: Geologisch-Palaontologisches Institut, University of Hamburg, nos. 1995 (9 RV: PI. 5, 74, figs. 1 - 3),

1996 (<3 RV: PI. 5, 76, figs. 1 - 3), 1997 (juv. 9 RV: PI. 5, 78, figs. 1 -3), 1998 (juv. (?) 6 RV: PI. 5,80,

figs. 1 - 2), 1999 (juv. LV: PI. 5, 80, fig. 3). From the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea); Ojlemyrflint erratic

boulders nos. G8 (1995, 1996, 1998, 1999; from type locality) and 791 (1977; beach at Lummelunds

bruk, lat. 57°44.5'N, long. 18° 24.5 'E). Upper Ordovician.

Explanation of Plate 5, 74

Figs. 1-3,9 RV (holotype, GPIH 1995, 1050 pm long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. anterovent. obi.; fig. 3, ext. posterovent. obi.

Scale A (250 pm; x 73, fig. 1 ; scale B (250 ^m; x 65), figs. 2, 3.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5,75

Tetradella ? triloculata (3 of 8)

Diagnosis: Adults c. 1 .05 - 1 .1 1mm long. Unisulcate; S2 long, sigmoidal. Preadductorial node rounded, crossed by a

short, slightly inclined crista which is dissolved ventrally into a row of tubercles. Anteriorly there is an

isolated, anteriorly convex crista, behind a histial ridge which is confluent with an entire, dorsal plica and

which continues ventrally, around the base of S2, to join the middle crista of the postadductorial area.

Three posterior cristae sub-parallel to posterior valve margin; anterior-most of these three (lying at border

of S2), and dorsal parts of other two posterior cristae, developed only as a row of tubercles. All three

posterior cristae become obsolete beneath dorsal plica. Posterior-most crista isolated. Female with three

loculi; velar ridge present between the loculi as ‘connecting locular crests'. Histial ridge also present in

the female, but is non-dimorphic. Male without a buttress. Surface with scattered tubercles and partly

very faint reticulation.

Remarks: A tecnomorphic valve of this species was figured by Sidaraviciene (op. cit .), when describing the

tetraloculate species T. separata. T. ? triloculata differs from T. separata by lacking a posteroventral spine

and by having only three loculi, a more bulbous preadductorial node, an isolated posterior crista and a

histium which, together with the confluent middle posterior crista, forms a wide, characteristic arc-like

structure even in the female. Also triloculate are T. ? pulchra Neckaja ( Trudy vses neft. nauchno-issed.

geol. ~razv. Inst., n. ser. 60 = Mikrofauna SSSR 5, 1952) and the closely similar T. ? anticostiensis

Copeland (Geol. Surv. Can. Pap. 72 - 43, 1973), which may be synonymous. These two species are smaller

(0.75mm) than T. ? triloculata and possess no bifurcate L3. T. ? anticostiensis is described as being tri-

or quadrilobate and, as in the new species and other Tetradella species, seems to be unisulcate; only the

cristae suggest a former quadrilobate pattern.

Explanation of Plate 5, 76

Figs. 1 - 3 6 RV (GPIH 1996, 1070 ,um long): fig. 1 , ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. anterovent. obi.; fig. 3, ext. posterovent. obi.

Scale A (250 pm; x 67), figs. 1 - 3.

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 76

Tetradella? triloculata (4 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 74

Tetradella? triloculata (2 of 8)

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 77 Tetradella ? triloculata (5 of 8)

Remarks: T. ? plicatula (Krause) is very similar to the new species (Z. dt. geol. Ges. 44 (3) 1892). Like T. ? tri-

(Contd.) loculata, the L3/4 complex has three cristae (of which the middle one is also the strongest), the anterior

postadductorial crista lies at the border of S2 (in contrast to conditions in T. pentaloculata Schallreuter

sp. nov.), the posterior crista is separated from the other cristae, and in front of the preadductorial node

there are also two ridges. In contrast to the new species, the posterior crista of the two anterior ridges

forms, according to the figure of the holotype (Krause, op. cit., pi. 22, fig. 13) a prolongation of the main

crista; furthermore, the holotype lacks a plica and the preadductorial node seems to be more drop-like

rather than rounded or bulbous.

The generic position of the triloculate species referred to Tetradella is uncertain (cf. Copeland,

op. cit., 14). Guber restricted the genus to tetraloculate species (/. Paleont. 45 (1), 14, 1971), but

Schallreuter maintains that the genus also contains species with five loculi (T. pentaloculata Schallreuter,

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5 (10) 65 - 72, 1978). Whether triloculate species are also congeneric is

difficult to decide at present. Guber (op. cit., 10) described rare, so-called triloculate ‘mutants' within the

adults of the normally tetraloculate T. scotti Guber. They may indeed be genuine mutations but, equally,

it is also possible that these ‘mutants’ are atavistic forms, demonstrating that the ancestors of the

tetraloculate Tetradella species were triloculate.

The known triloculate species are all unisulcate and it cannot, therefore, be assumed that they

are very similar to the ancestors of Tetradella, which were presumably more strongly quadrilobate than

the most distinctly quadrilobate Tetradella species (T. perplexa Copeland, Bull. geol. Surv. Can. 244,

1974). The triloculate species could possibly belong to a triloculate genus which contains, like Tetradella,

older quadrilobate members. This is, however, hypothetical and, therefore, the triloculate species must at

present be considered to be derived from Tetradella and be placed within that genus.

The phylogenetic origin of the loculi in Tetradella is at present unknown but, by comparison

with other loculate ostracods, there appear to be two possibilities:

1. The loculi originated more or less simultaneously, as in the Tetrasacculinae (Schallreuter, Palaont. Z.

51 (1/2), 1977). Tetradella would, in this case, originate from a quadrilobate dolonate ancestor

( Ogmoopsis ?). Subsequent phylogeny introduced forms with an additional (T. pentaloculata sp. nov.) or

reduced number of loculi (e.g. T. ? triloculata).

Explanation of Plate 5, 78

Figs. 1-3, juv. 9 RV (GP1H 1997, 920 ,um long): fig. 1 , ext. lat . ; fig. 2, ext. anterovent. obi.; fig. 3, ext. posterovent. obi.

Scale A (250 x 79), figs. 1 - 3.

■t— 1-4-

I H-t-

Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells 5, 79

Tetradella ? triloculata (7 of 8)

trr

Remarks: 2. The loculi originated one after another, as in the Perspicillinae (Schallreuter, Geologie 15 (7) 1966,

(Contd.) Neus. Jb. Geol. Palaont. Mh. 1967 (7)). Tetradella would, in this case, originate from a quadrilobate

ancestor with less than four loculi. The unisulcate triloculate species which show, in the arrangement of

the cristae, the former quadrilobate pattern, may also be derived from this ancestor.

The Middle Ordovician Pleurodella Copeland (Bull. geol. Surv. Can. 127, 1965), which seems to

be closely related to Tetradella, suggests the second alternative: Pleurodella has only one ‘normal' circular

loculus, sited anteriorly. The ventral loculi are, according to Copeland (op. cit., 24), rectangular in outline,

with the long axis antero-posteriorly. The number of loculi was not given by Copeland but, according to

the figures op. cit., pi. 8, figs. 34, 35, pi. 10, fig. 8), there is only one rectangular loculus in each valve;

it is bordered anteriorly by the circular loculus and posteriorly by a transverse ridge marking the boundary

with an antral channel. Triloculate forms could originate by partition of the rectangular loculus. Further

loculi could be derived from a division of the post-locular, antral channel (e.g. T. pentaloculata

Schallreuter, op. cit, 1978). The posterior transverse ridge of Pleurodella is reminiscent of the buttress in

the males of certain Tetradella species (Schallreuter, op. cit, 1978). Guber (op. cit., 9) has previously

noted that: “Perhaps the one buttress-tecnomorph is suggestive of the preloculate ancestors of Tetradella”

(or, as indicated by Pleurodella, of uniloculate ancestors). However, as Pleurodella is unisulcate, it should

not be considered an ancestor of Tetradella and only suggests a form of possible derivation of the loculi;

both genera may originate from the same quadrilobate ancestor. The males of both Pleurodella and T. ?

triloculata have no buttress. T. ? triloculata is, therefore, possibly more closely related to Pleurodella

than to the typical Tetradella species; there are, however, other Tetradella species which lack a buttress

(e.g. T. scotti = possibly a new subgenus), and a closer relationship to these forms is also possible.

Distribution: Porkuni Stage (Fz) of Lithuania (Sidaraviciene, op. cit., 27, 28; according to p. 34 and table 1 [= error?] ,

F, c). Ojlemyrflint erratic boulders of the Isle of Gotland (Baltic Sea); Upper Ordovician.

Explanation of Plate 5, 80

Figs. 1, 2, juv. (?) 6 RV (GPIH 1998, 1010 ^m long): fig. 1, ext. lat.; fig. 2, ext. vent. obi. Fig. 3, juv. LV, ext. lat. (GPIH 1999,

860 pm long).

Scale A (250 pm\ x 68), figs. 1 - 3.

TT-p

-i — i — 4- ■

f-T~r

Editors

Dr. R.H. Bate, Department of Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road,

London SW7 5BD.

Dr. J.W. Neale, Department of Geology, The University, Hull HU6 7RH.

Ms. Lesley M. Sheppard, Department of Palaeontology, British Museum (Natural History),

Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD.

Dr. David J. Siveter, Department of Geology, The University, Leicester LEI 7RH.

Editorial Board

Dr. Richard H. Benson, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C., 20560. U.S.A.

Dr. Alwine Bertels, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires,

Argentina.

Dr. K. Ishizaki, Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.

Dr. C.W. Haskins, Robertson Research International Limited, ‘Ty’n-y-Coed’, Llanrhos, Llandudno,

N. Wales, LL30 ISA.

Dr. P.J. Jones, Bureau of Mineral Resources, P.O. Box 378, Canberra City, A.C.T 2601 , Australia.

Prof. Dr. E. Kempf, Geologisches Institut der Universitat Koln, Ziilpicher Strasse 49, D-5 Koln 1,

German Federal Republic.

Dr. H.J. Oertli, S.N.P.A., Centre de Recherches, 64001 Pau, France.

Prof. G. Ruggieri, Instituto e Museo di Geologia delTUniversita di Palermo, Corso Tukory, 131,

90134 Palermo, Italy.

Mr. P.F. Sherrington, Petro-Canada, P.O. Box 2844, Calgary, Alberta T2P 2M7 , Canada.

Professor P.C. Sylvester - Bradley, Department of Geology, The University, Leicester LEI 7RH.

Instructions to Authors

Contributions illustrated by scanning electron micrographs of Ostracoda in stereo-pairs are invited.

Full instructions may be obtained on request from any one of the Editors or Editorial Board. Format

should follow the style set by the majority of papers in this issue. Descriptive matter apart from

illustrations should be cut to a minimum; preferably each plate should be accompanied by one page

of text only. Blanks to aid in mounting figures for plates may be obtained from the Editors.

Completed papers should be sent to Ms. L.M. Sheppard, Department of Palaeontology, British

Museum (Natural History), Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD.

Acknowledgments

This Volume of the Stereo-Atlas has been aided by generous financial support from Robertson

Research International Limited.

Stereo -viewing for users of the Atlas

In order to obtain maximum information and benefit from the use of the Stereo-Atlas it is essential

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The front cover shows a male carapace (dorsal view) of Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird, 1850).

Plates printed by The Broadwater Press Ltd., Welwyn Garden City, Herts., England.

A Stereo-Atlas of Ostracod Shells: Vol. 5, Part 1

5 0)1-8

5(2)9 - 16

5(3) 17-26

5 (4) 27 - 34

5(5)35 -44

5(6)45 -48

5(7)49-56

5(8) 57-60

5(9) 61 -64

5(10)65-72

5(11)73-80

CONTENTS

On Pterygocythereis siveteri Athersuch sp nov.; by J. Athersuch

On Pterygocythereis jonesii (Baird); by J. Athersuch

On Xestoleberis nitida (Liljeborg); by J.E. Whittaker

On Xestoleberis aurantia ( Baird); by J.E. Whittaker

On Xestoleberis rubens Whittaker sp. nov.; by J.E. Whittaker

On Karinutatia crux Schallreuter gen. et sp. nov.; by R.E.L. Schallreuter

On Duphcnstatia asymmetrica Schallreuter gen. et sp. nov.; by R.E.L. Schallreuter

On Tetradella egorowi Neckaja; by R.E.L. Schallreuter

On Tetradella separata Sidaraviciene; by R.E.L. Schallreuter

On Tetradella pentaloculata Schallreuter sp. nov.; by R.E.L. Schallreuter

On Tetradella? triloculata Schallreuter sp. nov.; by R.E.L. Schallreuter

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