THE

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

1834—1874.

To the Public. Tio Members.

First Series, 5 volumes (1834-1849)........ Price £6 0 0 £4 10° 0

Second Series, 5 volumes (1850-1861)...... 80-40 6 0 0

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The Transactions for the year 1868........ 10,50 015 0

A. ¥ 160 Lancome 1- <2 80 016 6

4 i AS70:c.eaeees 1 S40 1. tee

4 i TSTluetcsctce 1.46 20 018 9

x 5 W872. ceccece 1 3270 016 6

x < B73 Saeeae 116 0 ff eNG

“j x LSTA: ceitelers ee 112 0 1 a 0)

Volume 5 of the First Series can no longer be obtained separately ; the

volumes of the First, Second, or Third Series may.

Longicornia Malayana may be obtained

separately .. 36 se ee »- Price £2 12 0 £119 0

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may be obtained separately A oe 016 O 012 0

The Journal of Proceedings is bound up with the Transactions, but

may be obtained separately, by Members g7'atis, by the Public, Price One

Shilling per Sheet.

Members and Subscribers resident more than fifteen miles from London,

who have paid the subscription for the current year, are entitled to receive

a copy of the Transactions for the year without further payment, and

they will be forwarded free, by post, to any address within the United

Kingdom.

Members and Subscribers resident in or within fifteen miles from

London are entitled to a copy of the Transactions for the current year at

half the price to the public, which copy may be obtained on application to

the Librarian.

CONTENTS.

PAGE

Explanation of the Plates viii

Errata... - ar sic Vili

List of Members _ pe Fe oe ix

MEMOIRS.

PAGE

I. The Staphylinide of Japan. By DAvID SHARP, M.B. 1

Il. The Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. BY, DAvID

SHARP, M.B. as 105

III. Notes on the Habits of Papilio Mer ope, witha description

of its Larva and Pupa. By J.P. MANSEL WEALE, B.A. 131

IV. Observations on the Case of Papilio Merope, Auct.; with

an account of the various known forms of that Butterfly.

By RoLanp TRIMEN, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c., Curator of

the South-African Museum 137

V. Descriptions of Fifteen new species ‘of Diurnal Lepidop-

tera, chiefly from South America. By HERBERT DRUCE,

E.L. Ss. E.ZS. be 155

ae Catalogue of the Phy tophagous Coleopter a ‘of Japan, with

descriptions of the species new to science. By JOSEPH

S. BAxy, F.L.S. (continued from page 99, vol. for 1873) 161

VII Supplement to the Longicorn Coleoptera of Chott.

Nicaragua. By H. W. “BATES, F.L.S. .. 219

VIII. Notes on Mynes Guerini, Wallace. By W. H. Miskin.. 237

IX. Note on “A Catalogue of the described Diurnal Lepidop-

tera of Australia, py Mr. George Masters, of the Sydney

Museum.” By W. H. MISKIN .. 241

X. Monograph of the Genus Xylocopa, Latr. ‘By FREDERICK

SMITH, Assistant in the Zoological Department of the

British Museum .. 247

XI. Notes onthe Buprestide collected by Pr ofessor Semper in in

the Philippine Islands ; with descriptions of the new

species. By EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S. Sc 303

XII. On some new species of South African Lycenide. By

ROLAND TRIMEN, F.L.S,, &c., Curator of the South

African Museum .. 329

XIII. Descriptions of new species of Ly yoonide, from. his own

Collection. By W. C. HEWITSON, F.LS. Se «- O49

XIV. Illustrations of several additional species of Lucanide in

the Collection of Major F. J. Sidney Parry. By J. O.

WeEstWwoop, M.A., F.L.S. 357

XV. Further descriptions of Lucanoid Coleoptera. By Major

F. J. SIDNEY PARRY, F.L.S.. 365

XVI. Descriptions of new species of Tenthr edinide, Ichneumo-

nide, Chrysidide, For view &c., of Japan. By

FREDERICK SMITH : 373

XVII. Descriptions of new species of Lucanide. By Mons.

HENRI DEYROLLE. Communicated by Major F. J.

SIDNEY Parry, F.L.S. .. 411

XVIII. Some Additions to the Coleopterous Fauna of Japan. By

D.SHARP, M.B. .. *3 417

XIX. Descriptions of some new species and a new genus of

Diurnal Lepidoptera, in the Collection of Herbert

Druce, Esq. By A. G. BUTLER, F.L.S., F.Z.8., &c... 423

Vill MEMOIRS (continued).

PAGE

XX. Descriptions of new species of Hndomycici. By Rey.

H. S. GORHAM .. 437

XXI. Observations on the genus Helota, "MLeay, with deserip-

tion of a new species from Japan, By Rev. H. S.

GORHAM .. 447

XXII. A Revision of the Hymenopterous genera ‘Cleptes, Par-

nopes, Anthracias, Pyria and Stilbwm, with descrip-

tions of new species of those genera, and also of new

species of the genus Chrysis from North China and

Australia. By FREDERICK SMITH .. 451

XXIII. Descriptions of some new species of Exotic Cotoniide.

By J. O. WEstwoop, M.A., F.L.S., &c. ee 473

XXIV. Deen pene of new genera ‘and species of Pselaphide

and Scydmenide from Australia and New Zealand. By

D. SHARP, M.B. .. 483

XXV. Notes on the peculiar habits ‘and changes which take place

in the larva and pupa of Papilio Nireus. By Mrs. M.

E. BARBER. Communicated by CHARLES Dae

MGA ES 50 Camere 50 519

XXVI. Deser iptions of some new species belonging to the genus

Lycena. By the Rev. R. P. MurRAy, M.A. .. -. 523

XXVII. Descriptions of three new species and a new genus of

Diurnal Lepidoptera, from the collection of Andrew

Swanzy, Esq. By ARTHUR GARDINER BUTLER, F.L.S.,

JIA, SHG, oc 531

XXVIII. Notes on Australian ‘Coleoptera, with descriptions of new

species. By CHAS. O. WATERHOUSE .. se se 000

Proceedings for 1874 .. ee ale ap ar Bo i

Index ~.. 3 oc ne a0 a6 som, Jib

EXPLANATION OF THE PLATES.

PGI ac -. See page 136 | Plates VII.,VIII...See page 481

Plate wy. a ie 341 | Plate IX. .. cise oe SOLON b20

Plate III. .. che 3 363 | Plate X. .. oe 55 523 —527

iplatessIVe, Ve eee 372 | Plate XI. .. ee =, 581 —533

Plate VI. .. ais 426, 433, 434

ERRATA.

Page 140, line 20, for “groups” read “ group.’’

», 141, line 14, place “dream” between inverted commas, and for

“had,” read “ has.’

», 148, line 26, for « concaved,” read ‘‘ encased.”

» 46; line)4, for « Tehitrea, * vead “ Tchitrea.”

», 147, last line, dele commas after “ broader” and “ sub-apical.”

», 9318, line 14, for “ antennatus,” read ‘antennata.”

», al, line 29, dele “and” after “ forewings.”

», 9333, line 14, for “ strie,” read “ stria,”

») ooo, line 25, Hore GUY read “ H.”

», 9339, line 26, for “Kockfontein,” read “ Koekfontein.”’

,, 363, line 10, after “ extremity,” add “ of foreleg.”

», 412, line 8, for Timor, Malacca, Cambodia. Colls, de Mniszech and

Parry »’ read “ Fiji Islands. Coll. de Mniszech.”

» 465, line 7 (from bottom), for “ Proteus,” read “ Protea.”

Pist of embers

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

OF LONDON.

3lst DECEMBER, 1874.

LIST OF MEMBERS

6 Oy

THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

OF LONDON:

Honorary Wembers.

Guenée, Achille, Chateandun.

Hagen, H. A., Cambridge, U.S.A.

Leconte, John L., Philadelphia.

Milne-Edwards, H., Paris.

Saussure, H. de, Geneva.

Schiddte, J. C., Copenhagen,

Selys-Longchamps, E, de, Liége.

Siebold, C. T. E. von, Munich.

Zeller, P. C., Stettin.

(One vacancy.)

ORDINARY MEMBERS AND SUBSCRIBERS.

Marked * are Original Members.

Marked ¢ have compounded for their Annual Subscriptions.

Marked 8 are Annual Subscribers.

Date of

Election.

1866 Adams, Henry, F.L.S., 19, Hanover Villas, Notting Hill, W.

1867 S. Archer, F., Little Crosby Road, Crosby, Liverpool.

1856 Armitage, Edward, R.A., 3, Hall Rd., St. John’s Wood, N.W.

1857 Atkinson, W. S., M.A., F.L.S., Calcutta.

* + Babington, Professor C. C., M.A., F.R.S., &c., Cambridge.

1850 Baly, J. S., F.L.S., The Butts, Warwick.

1865 Barton, Stephen, 32, St. Michael’s Hill, Bristol.

1867 S. Bates, Frederick, 15, Northampton Street, Leicester.

1861 Bates, Henry W., F.L.S., F.Z.S., 40, Bartholomew Rd., N.W.

1851 Beaumont, Alfred, Steps Mills, Huddersfield.

1866 Bicknell, Percy, Beckenham, §.E.

1872 Bird, G. W., 27, Hamilton Terrace, St. John’s Wood, N.W.

1854 Birt, Jacob, 30, Sussex Gardens, Hyde Park, W.

1864 Blackmore, Trovey, The Hollies, Wandsworth, S.W.

1849 + Bladon, J., Albion House, Pont-y-pool.

* Blomefield, Rey. L., M.A., F.L.S., &c., 19, Belmont, Bath.

1841 Bond, Fred., F.Z.S., 5, Fairfield Avenue, Staines.

1866 Bonvouloir, Vicomte Henri de, 15, Rue de l’ Université, Paris.

* Bowerbank, J. S., LL.D., F.R.S., &c., 2, Hast Ascent, St.

Leonards.

1852 + Boyd, Thomas, Surrey Lodge, Hornend Road, Norwood, 8.E.

1867 Boyd, W.C., Cheshunt, Herts.

1856 Braikenridge, Rev. G. W., M.A., F.L.8., Clevedon, Bristol.

1870 Briggs, Thos. Hy., M.A., 6, Old Square, Lincoln’s Inn, W.C.

1849 §. Brown, Edwin, Burton-on-Trent.

1869 §S. Brown, N. E., Brighton Road, Red Hill.

1862 Browne, Rey. T. H., M.A., F.G.S., High Wycombe, Bucks.

1874 S. Bull, R. E., 85, Milton Street, Dorset Square, N.W.

1873 Burmeister, Professor Hermann, Buenos Ayres.

1855 Burnell, E. H., 32, Bedford Row, W.C.

1868 f+ Butler, A. G., F.LS., F.Z.S., 17, Oxford Road, Ealing, W.

1860 Candéze, Dr. E. Glain, Liége.

1865 Carey, A. D., Ahmedabad, India.

1868 Carrington, Charles, Ellerslie, Merton, S.W.

1871 Champion, G. C., 274, Walworth Road, S.E.

xii

Date of

Election.

1871

1867

1865 S.

1874

1873 S.

1873

1865

1865S.

1853

1867

1868

1873

1865

1849

1837

1855

1873

1874 S.

1874

1867

1867 S.

1871

1849 +

1874

1865

1869

1858

1874

1874 §.

1865

1869 S.

1870

1869 +

1855

1865

1874

1865 +

LIST OF MEMBERS.

Charlton, Ernest S., Hesleyside, Bellingham, Hexham.

Clarke, Alex. H., 16, Furnival’s Inn, E.C.

Clarke, C. B., M.A., F.L.S., Calcutta.

Cockle, Captain George, 9, Bolton Gardens, S.W.

Cole, Benj. G., The Common, Stoke Newington, N.E.

Cole, William, The Common, Stoke Newington, N.E.

Colquhoun, Hugh, M.D., Anchorage, Bothwell, N.B.

Cooke, Benj., Sunnyside Cottage, Bowdon, Altrincham.

Cox, Colonel C. J., Fordwich House, Canterbury.

Cox, Herbert E.

Cumming, Linneus, B.A., The College, Cheltenham.

Curzon, E. P. R.

Dale, C. W., Glanville’s Wootton, Sherborne.

Dallas, W.5S., F.L.S., Geological Society, Burlington House, W.

Darwin, Charles, M.A., F.R.S., &c., Down, Beckenham, S.E.

Dawson, John, Carron, Falkirk, Stirlingshire.

Devonshire, Duke of, K.G., F.R.S., &c., 78, Piccadilly, W.

Dohrn, Dr. C. A., Pres. Ent. Verein, Stettin.

Doria, Marquis Giacomo, Strada Nuova, Genoa.

Dormer, Lord, Grove Park, Warwick.

Doubleday, Henry, Epping.

Dowsett, A., 16, North Street, Brighton.

Druce, Herbert, F.L.S., F.Z.S., 1, Circus Road, St. John’s

Wood, N.W.

Duer, Yeend, Cleygate House, Esher.

Duncan, Prof. P. M., M.D., F.R.S8., &c., Lee, S.E.

Dunning, J. W., M.A., F.LS., F.Z.S., 24, Old Buildings,

Lincoln’s Inn, W.C.

Dupré, Charles C., F.L.S., 3, Coleridge Road, Seven Sisters

Road, Holloway, N.

D’Urban, W. S. M., F.L.S., Albuera, St. Leonards, Exeter.

Eaton, Rey. A. E., M.A., Bridy Lodge, Chepstow Road,

Croydon.

Emich, Gustave d’, Pesth.

Fenning, George, Lloyds, E.C.

Fitch, Edward A., Brick House, Maldon, Essex.

Fitch, Frederick, Hadleigh House, Highbury New Park, N.

Fletcher, J. E., Pitmaston Road, St. John’s, Worcester.

Foot, A. W., M.D., 21, Lower Pembroke Street, Dublin.

Freeland, H. W., M.A., Chichester.

French, D. J., F.L.8., F.Z.S., The Close, Lichfield.

Fry, Alexander, F.L.S., Thornhill House, Dulwich Wood,

Park, S.E.

Fust, H. Jenner, jun., M.A., Hill Court, Falfield, Gloucester.

Garneys, W., M.R.C.S., Repton, Burton-on-Trent.

Godman, F. D., M.A., F.L.S., &c., Park Hatch, Godalming.

Date of

Election.

1855

1874

1850

1842

1866

1865

1872

1874

1846

1850

1874

1858

1864

1846

1866

1869

1865

1870

1869

1843

1869

1853

1872

1865

1872

1861

1865

1842

1868

1865

1868

1869

1835

1872

1865

1849

1850

1851

+ j+M

LIST OF MEMBERS. XU

Gorham, Rev. H. S., Shipley, Sussex.

Goss, Herbert, 8, Goldsmid Road, Brighton.

Gould, J., F.R.S., &c., 26, Charlotte Street, Bedford Sq., W.C.

Gray, John, Wheatfield House, Bolton, Lancashire.

Gray, John Edw., Ph. D., F.R.S., British Museum, W.C.

Green, Philip, 11, Finsbury Circus, E.C.

Greene, Rev. J., M.A., Rostrevor, Apsley Rd., Clifton, Bristol.

Greening, Noah, Warrington.

Greenwood, M., 26, Queen’s Road, Dalston, E.

Grut, Ferdinand, F.L.S., Secretary, 9, King Street, South-

wark, S.E.

Guycn, George, Southcliff Cottage, Ventnor.

Harford, Henry C., Lieut. 99th Regiment, Fort George,

Inverness.

Harold, Baron Edgar von, 52, Barerstrasse, Munich.

Harper, P. H., 30, Cambridge Street, Hyde Park Square, W.

Hewitson, W. C., F.L.S., F.Z.S., Oatlands, Weybridge.

Higgins, E. T., M.R.C.S., 24, Bloomsbury Street, W.C.

Holdsworth, Edward, Shanghai.

Hudd, A. E., 96, Pembroke Road, Clifton, Bristol.

Jacques, F. V., Chertsey Road, Redland, Bristol.

Janson, EK. M., Las Lajas, Chontales, Nicaragua.

Janson, E. W., Librarian, 21, Fonthill Road, Tollington

Park, N.

Janson, O. E., 21, Fonthill Road, Tollington Park, N.

Jekel, Henri, 13, Rue de Lille, Paris.

Jenner, J. H. A., High Street, Lewes.

John, Evan, Llantrissant, Pontypridd.

Kaye, Ernest, Rose Hill, Forest Hill.

Kirby, W. F., Royal Dublin Society, Kildare Street, Dublin.

Knox, H. Blake, 2, Ulverton Place, Dalkey, Dublin.

Kuper, Rev. C. A. F., M.A., The Vicarage, Trelleck, Chepstow.

Lang, Major A. M., R.E., Thomason Civil Engineering College,

Roorkee, India.

Latham, A. G., Weaste Hall, Pendleton, Manchester.

Lendy, Capt. A. F., F.L.S., Sunbury House, Sunbury, S.W.

Lewis, W. Arnold, F.L.8., 4, Crown Office Row, Temple, E.C.

Lingwood, R. M., M.A., F.L.S., 1, Derby Villas, Cheltenham.

Livett, H. W., M.D., Wells, Somerset.

Llewelyn, J. T. D., M.A., F.L.S., Ynisygerwn, Neath.

Logan, R. F., Hawthornbrae, Duddingston, Edinburgh.

Lowe, W. H., M.D., Balgreen, Murrayfield, Edinburgh.

Lubbock, Sir John, Bart., M.P., F.R.S., &c., High Elms, Farn-

borough.

M‘Intosh, J.

XIV

Date of

Election.

1858

1869

1873

1865

1856

1872

1874

1865

1860

1865

1872

1869

1871

1866

1853

1872

1859

1869

1872

1870

1849

1869

1873

1841

1840

1854

1869

1872

1870

1874

1851

1867

1866

1870

1872

1874

1871

1853

N+

DN,

LIST OF MEMBERS.

M‘Lachlan, Robert, F.L.S., Treasurer, 39, Limes Grove, Lewis-

ham, S.E.

Marseul, L’ Abbé S. A. de, Boulevard Pereire, 271, Paris.

Marsh, John George, 842, Old Kent Road, S.E.

Marshall, Rey. T. A., M.A., F.L.S., The Grange, Lastingham,

near Pickering, Yorkshire.

Marshall, William, Elm Lodge, Clay Hill, Enfield.

Mason, J. E., Alford.

Mason, Philip B., M.R.C.S., Burton-on-Trent.

Mathew, G. F., R.N., F.L.S., H. M.S. Britannia, Dartmouth.

May, J. W., Arundel House, Percy Cross, Fulham Road, S.W.

Meek, Edward G., 56, Brompton Road, S.W.

Meldola, R., F.C.S., 21, John Street, Bedford Row, W.C.

Melvill, J. Cosmo, B.A., 16, Back Square, Manchester.

Miskin, W. H., Supreme Court, Brisbane, Queensland.

Mniszech, Comte G. de, 22, Rue Balzac, Paris.

Moore, Frederic, 110, Oakfield Road, Penge, S.E.

Moreton, Lord, 16, Portman Square, W.

Mosse, G. Staley, 12, Eldon Road, Kensington, W.

Miller, Albert, F.L.S., F.R.G.S., Director of the Zoological

Gardens, Basle, Switzerland.

Murray, Lieut. H., 70th Brigade Depot, Tralee, Ireland.

Murray, Rev. R. P., M.A., Beckenham, 8.E.

Newman, Edward, F.L.S., F.Z.S., M. Imp. L. C. Acad., 7,

York Grove, Queen’s Road, Peckham, S.E.

Oberthur, Charles (fils), Rennes.

Olivier, Ernest, Moulins (Allier), France.

Owen, Richard, M.D., F.R.S., &c., British Museum, W.C.

Parry, Major F. J. Sidney, F.L.S., 18, Onslow Square, S.W.

Pascoe, Francis P., F.L.S., 1, Burlington Road, Westbourne

Park, W.

Pearson, W. H., Ivy Hall, Solihull, Birmingham.

Phipson, A., 18, Fenchurch Street, E.C.

Pictet, Edward, Genéve.

Porritt, G. T., F..S., Huddersfield.

Power, H. d’Arcy, 8, Manor Terrace, New Church Road,

Camberwell, S.E.

Preston, Rey. T. A., M.A., F.L.S., The College, Marlborough.

Pryer, H. J. S., Yokohama, Japan.

Pryer, W. B., Shanghai.

Puls, J. C., Place de la Calandre, Ghent.

Ransom, Dr., F.R.S., The Pavement, Nottingham.

Reed, Edwyn, C., Museo Nacional, Santiago de Chile.

Riley, C. V., State Entomologist, St. Louis, Missouri.

Ripon, Marquis of, K.G., F.R.S., 1, Carlton Gardens, S.W.

Date of

Election.

185 S.

1869

1872

1868

1865

1866

1865

1861

+ +

LIST OF MEMBERS. XV

Robinson, E. W., 414, Prince of Wales Road, Kentish Town,

N.W.

Robinson-Douglas, W. Douglas, Orchardton, Castle-Douglas,

N.B.

Rothera, G. B., High Street Place, Nottingham.

Rothney, G. A. J., Calcutta.

Rylands, T. G., F.L.S., F.G.S., Highfields, Thelwall, War-

rington.

Salvin, Osbert, M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., &c., 6, Tenterden Street,

Hanover Square, W.

Saunders, Edward, F.L.S., Spencer Park, Wandsworth, S.W.

Saunders, G. S., Spencer Park. Wandsworth, S.W.

Saunders, Sir Sidney Smith, C.M.G., President, Rosenheim,

Reigate.

Saunders, W. Wilson, F.R.S., &c., Worthing.

Schaufuss, L. W., Ph. D., M. Imp., L. C. Acad., &c., Dresden.

Seaton, E. M., 28, Belsize Park, N.W.

Semper, George, Altona.

Sharp, David, M.B., Eccles, Thornhill, Dumfriesshire.

Shearwood, G. P., Cedar Lodge, Stockwell Park, 8.W.

Shepherd, Edwin, 21, Albert Terrace, Clapham Road, S.W.

Sheppard, Augustus F., Rose Bank, Eltham Road, Lee, S.E.

Sheppard, Edward, F.L.S., 18, Durham Villas, Kensington, W.

Sidebotham, J., 19, George Street, Manchester.

Smith, E, A., 27, Richmond Crescent, Islington, N.

Smith, Frederick, 27, Richmond Crescent, Islington, N.

Smith, Henley, G., Warnford Court, E.C.

Spence, W. B.

Stainton, H. T., F.R.S., F.L.S., &c., Mountsfield, Lewis-

ham, S.E.

Stevens, John S., 38, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

Stevens, Samuel, F.L.S., 28, King Street, Covent Garden, W.C.

Swanzy, Andrew, F.L.S., Sevenoaks.

Thompson, Miss Sophia, Barn Hill, Stamford.

Thomson, James, 23, Rue de l’Université, Paris.

Thwaites, G. H. K., Ph. D., F.R.S., F.L.S., Ceylon.

Tompkins, H., 28, Tavistock Square, W.C.

Trimen, Roland, F.L.S., Colonial Office, Cape Town.

Tuely, Nathaniel C., Mortimer Lodge, Wimbledon Park, 8.W.

Vaughan, Howard, 55, Lincoln’s Inn Fields, W.C.

Vaughan, P. H., Redland, Bristol.

Verrall, G. H., Secretary, The Mulberries, Denmark Hill, §.E.

Walker, Rev. F. A., M.A., F.L.8., Dry Drayton Rectory,

Cambridge.

Wallace, Alexander, M.D., Trinity House, Colchester.

Wallace, Alfred R., F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c., The Dell, Grays, Essex.

xvi LIST OF MEMBERS.

Date of

Election.

1866 Walsingham, Lord, M.A., F.Z.S., &c., 28, Arlington Street, W.

1866 Ward, Christopher, F.L.S., Halifax.

1874 §. Ward, Alan Ogier, 13, Lower Park Fields, Putney, S.W.

1850 Waring, S. L., The Oaks, Norwood, 8.E.

1869 Waterhouse, C. O., British Museum, W.C.

* Waterhouse, G. R., F.Z.S., &c., British Museum, W.C.

1869 ‘Websdale, C. G., 78, High Street, Barnstaple.

1845 Weir, J. Jenner, F.L.S., 6, Haddo Villas, Blackheath, S.E.

o Westwood, Professor J. O., M.A., F.L.S., &c., Oxford.

1868 +. White, F. Buchanan, M.D., Perth, N.B.

1865 White, Rev. W. Farren, Stonehouse Vicarage, Gloucestershire.

1874 Wilson, Owen, Cwmffrwd, Carmarthen.

1863 Wix, William, Isbells, Reigate.

1843 Wollaston, T. Vernon, M.A., F.L.S., 1, Barnepark Terrace,

Teignmouth, Devon. :

1874 Wood- Mason, James, Curator of the Indian Museum, Calcutta.

1862 Wormald, Perey C., 2, Clifton Villas, Highgate Hill, N.

1866 Wright, Professor E. Perceval, M.A., M.D., F.L.S., &c.,

Trinity College, Dublin.

1865 §. Young, Morris, Free Museum, Paisley.

THE

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

LONDON

FOR THE YEAR 1874.

———

I. The Staphylinidee of Japan.

By Davin SHarp, M.B.

[Read 5th May, 1873.]

THIS paper-is another contribution to our knowledge of

the Coleoptera of Japan. In it are enumerated the species

of Staphylinide known to me from these islands, and the

190 species mentioned in it are nearly all of them the

results of Mr. Lewis’s researches. About 220 species of

the family have been submitted to me by Mr. Lewis, as

captured by him in Japan; but about thirty of this num-

ber I have been obliged to leave for the present unnoticed,

as they consist of smgle specimens of obscure species of

Homalota, Trogophleus, &c., generally not in sufficiently

good condition for description from unique examples.

Though this number of species (220) may appear a con-

siderable one, I have no doubt it is but a small portion of

the number of species of Staphylinidz inhabiting Japan,

in proof of which 1 may mention two facts: first, that out

of the three or four species, which are all that have been

previously described of this family from Japan, Mr. Lewis

has brought back but one—the Oxytelus japonicus of

Motschoulsky ; and second, that out of a dozen species of

Staphylinide which I have myself received, through other

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.) B

2 Mr. David Sharp on the

* channels, from Japan, nearly all are specifically distinct

from any found by Mr. Lewis.

The indications of locality and habits are furnished by

Mr. Lewis himself; and, besides this, I have to thank

him greatly for the kind way in which he has answered

my questions, and done everything in his power to facili-

tate my work.

1. Falagria simplex, n. sp. Affinis F. subrugose,

Kraatz. Testaceo-brunnea, capite abdomineque (basi

excepto) fuscis, antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis ;

prothorace subcordato, profunde canaliculato, elytris circa

scutellum creberrime distinctius punctatis, apicem versus

vix punctulatis, abdomine sat crebre punctato. Long.

1—13 lin.

About the size and form of F. sudeata, lighter in colour

than that species, from which it is readily distinguished by

its punctured but not channelled scutellum. Antenne

yellow at the base, darker towards the extremity ; joints

4—6 quadrate, 7—10 rather broader than long. Head

blackish, scarcely punctured. Thorax similar in form

and in its channel to F. sulcata, of a castaneous colour.

Elytra yellowish, closely and distinctly punctured on each

side of the scutellum, elsewhere but little punctured;

the punctured part being a little darker; they are quad-

rate, much broader and a little longer than the thorax.

The two basal segments of the hind body are yellowish,

the rest infuscate; the two basal segments are transversely

depressed at the base, where they are rugose-punctate ; the

other segments are distinctly but not closely punctured.

The legs are pale yellow.

Hiogo :* three specimens.

2. Falagria sapida,n. sp. Fusca, opaca, elytris cum

antennis pedibusque testaceis, his plus minusve infuscatis;

dense obsoletissimeque punctulata, antennis pedibusque

elongatis. Long. 14 ln.

Mas, prothorace disco concavo.

Femina, prothorace medio canaliculato.

Antenne elongate, yellow at the base, infuscate towards

the extremity, all the joits longer than broad. Head and

thorax opaque, but scarcely visibly punctured, of a smoky

or pitchy colour. Scutellum not channelled. LElytra pale

yellow, about as long as the thorax, a little impressed

Staphylinide of Japan. 3

behind the scutellum, not shining, scarcely visibly punc- -

tured. Hind body pitchy, densely and finely punctured.

Legs very long (the hind tarsi remarkably elongate and

slender); they are yellowish in colour, with the femora

more or less infuscate.

Found in heaps of rubbish at Nagasaki.

3. Falagria fovea, n. sp. Capite thoraceque rufis,

elytris fuscis, basi apiceque anguste testaceis, abdomine

nigro, segmentis basalibus testaceis, antennis pedibusque

testaceis, illis medio obscurioribus, femoribus quatuor

posticis fuscis, basi testaceis; thorace subcordato profunde

canaliculato, vix punctulato; elytris pone scutellum foveo-

latis. Long. fere 14 lin.

Antenne rather long, reddish-yellow, joints 4—10

darker than the others; the 10th joint nearly as long as

broad. Head and thorax scarcely punctured, reddish in

colour; the thorax deeply channelled throughout its whole

length. Elytra rather broad and short, about as long as

the thorax, dusky yellowish or pitchy, with the humeral

angle and apex paler, scarcely punctured, but with a dis-

tinct impression behind the scutellum. The scutellum is

nearly simple, but is furnished with an almost invisible,

fine line along the middle. The hind body is black, with

the two basal segments yellow, sparingly and very finely

punctured. ‘The legs are long and slender, yellow, with

the hind femora infuscate except at the base.

This pretty species is evidently allied to F. flavo-cincta,

Kr. (from Ceylon).

SANTHOTA, nov. gen.

Caput collo distincto.

Coxis intermediis distantibus.

Tarsi antici 4-, intermedii et posteriores 5-articulati,

posteriores articulo primo sat elongato, sequentibus longi-

tudine gradatim decrescentibus.

Lobes of the maxillee long, the interior lobe densely pu-

bescent on its inner side, the pubescence long; exterior lobe

very densely pubescent at the extremity; 3rd joint of max-

illary palpi distinctly longer than 2nd, and a little dilated,

4th joint minute and subulate. Ligula rather short and

broad, divided at the extremity. Labial palpi with the

three joints differing little from one another in length, but

each considerably more slender than the preceding one.

4 Mr. David Sharp on the

Side piece of the thorax narrow and a little inflexed.

Middle portion of the mesosternum not separated from the

side portions, without carina along the middle. Middle

cox widely separated, the mesosternum but little pro-

duced between them, the produced portions of meta- and

meso-sterna between the coxe not reaching one another.

Hind tarsi much shorter than the tibiae, the basal joint

about as long as the fifth.

This genus should I think be placed between Falagria

and Bolitochara; it differs from the former by the structure

of the mesosternum, and from the latter by the broadly

separated middle cox. In some respects it approaches

Astilbus, but differs therefrom by the short articulating

collar of the mesosternum.

4. Santhota sparsa, n. sp. Rufo-testacea sat nitida,

abdomine segmentis 4—6 nigricantibus; thorace cordato,

fortiter sat crebre punctato, medio profunde canaliculato,

elytris crebre fortiter rugose punctatis, punctis versus

angulum externum desinentibus ; abdomine supra levigato.

Long. 1% lin.

Mas, prothorace disco depresso; abdomine segmento

ultimo dorsali sat evidenter asperato.

Antenne rather long and stout, reddish, 3rd joint longer

than 2nd, 4th and 5th a little longer than broad, 7—10

transverse, 11th rather large, as long as the two preceding

together. Head about as broad as the thorax, scarcely

punctured, the eyes rather large and prominent. Thorax

much narrower than the elytra, about as long as broad,

a little narrowed behind, moderately closely punctured,

the punctures consisting of fine granulations; it is deeply

channelled down the middle. Elytra rather short, about

as long as the thorax, coarsely and roughly punctured, the

punctuation very dense at the base, almost absent at the

extremity. Hind body almost impunctate on the upper

surface, finely and sparingly punctured beneath.

5. Ocalea japonica, n. sp. Nigra, nitida, antennarum

basi, palpis, pedibusque testaceis, elytris castaneis, externe

infuscatis ; prothorace subquadrato, elytris fortiter punc-

tatis, abdomine supra levigato. Long. 24 lin.

Allied to O. castanea but larger, with the thorax more

quadrate, the elytra more strongly punctured, &. An-

tenn stout, moderately long, the fourth joint about as

Staphylinide of Japan. 5

long as broad, the penultimate joints distinctly broader

than long. Head much narrower than the thorax, dis-

tinctly but not closely punctured. Thorax narrower than

the elytra, distinctly broader than long, a little narrowed

behind, much less depressed and rounded at the front

angles than in O. castanea ; it is distinctly punctured, but

has no well-defined fovea at the base. The elytra are

longer than the thorax, of a brownish colour, darker at the

sides (except at the shoulder), rather coarsely punctured.

The hind body is shining, and has scarcely any traces of

punctuation.

Three specimens under dead leaves. Copper Temple,

Nagasaki.

6. Thiasophila rufescens, n. sp. Rufo-ferruginea, sub-

opaca, abdomine medio plus minusve infuscato; prothorace

transverso, elytrorum latitudine, angulis anterioribus

omnino rotundatis, posterioribus rectis. Long. 14 lin.

Allied to inquilina, and about the size of that species ;

joints 5—7 of the antenne rather less transverse, the

thorax rather longer and narrower, and the punctuation

rather finer. The smaller size, and different antenne, at

once distinguish it from 7. angulata. The colour is

rather variable, the head, the middle of the antennz, and

hind body (except at the apex) being sometimes pitchy-

red, sometimes scarcely darker than the other parts. The

antennze are short and stout, greatly thickened towards

the extremity, the penultimate joints very strongly trans-

verse. ‘The thorax is about as wide as the elytra, the front

angles very rounded; the sides about straight from near

the front angles to the hind angles. The elytra are dis-

tinctly longer than the thorax, closely and finely punctured.

The hind body is finely and rather closely punctured, the

extremity always paler than the other parts.

Three specimens appear to belong to a well-marked

variety, being larger and broader, and darker-coloured

than the darkest individuals of rufescens. It is possible

that the examination of a larger series of specimens might

show them to belong to a distinct species. Found with

Formica japonica.

7. Homeusa japonica, n. sp. Picea, nitida, antennis

pedibusque rufescentibus, ano testaceo; thorace latissimo ;

elytris angulo apicali externo fortiter productis. Long.

14—15 ln.

6 Mr. David Sharp on the

Closely allied to H. acuminata ; in form and punctuation

very similar to that species, but differmg as follows;

H. japonica is rather larger, and of a darker colour ; it

has the antenne a little stouter, the thorax distinctly

broader, and the external angle of the elytra more pro-

duced.

From Nagasaki. I have seen only three specimens.

8. Microglotta princeps, nu. sp. Nigra, antennis fusco-

rufis, basi pedibusque rufis, elytris sutura, apice summo,

humerisque rufescentibus; capite prothoraceque fortiter

profunde punctatis. Long. 2} lin.

Rather larger than M. gentilis, but quite different from

that species in punctuation, in which respect it resembles

M. pulla. The antenne are long (for this genus), obscure,

reddish, or pitchy red, yellowish at the base, 3rd joint

rather longer than 2nd; 8th joint slightly, 9 and 10 dis-

tinctly, broader than long; 11th elongate and pointed,

longer than the two preceding together. Palpi and mouth

reddish ; head very strongly punctured, clothed like the

thorax and elytra with a distinct yellow pubescence.

Thorax: narrower than the elytra, strongly transverse, the

hind angles rather obtuse but not rounded, coarsely and

closely punctured, with an ill-defined fovea at the base in

the middle. Elytra considerably longer than the thorax,

the humeral angle largely, the hind margin narrowly, and

the suture (except at the base) distinctly red, the rest

blackish; they are strongly and closely punctured, but not

so coarsely as the thorax. The hind body is black, with

the hind margins of the segments reddish; it is closely

and distinctly punctured, and more shining than the front

parts. The legs are reddish, the basal joint of the hind

tarsi much longer than the three following together.

Three specimens.

9. Aleochara parens, n. sp. Nigra, antennis brevibus,

fusiformibus, basi pedibusque sordide rufis; thorace crebre

minus fortiter, abdomine fortiter minus crebre punctato,

hoc apicem versus angustato. Long. 3—34 lin.

Allied to A. lata, but narrower, with the thorax and

elytra more closely and finely punctured, and by this same

character also distinguished from the A. claviger, and

discoidea. Antenne stout, black, with the two basal

joints pitchy red, thicker in the middle than at the ex-

Staphylinide of Japan. 7

tremity, joints 5—10 strongly transverse. Palpi pitchy.

Head scarcely half as broad as the thorax, sparingly and

not coarsely punctured. Thorax transverse, rounded at

the sides and base, and narrowed in front, black, rather

closely and finely punctured. Elytra shorter than the

thorax, rather closely and finely but distinctly punctured.

Hind body moderately narrowed towards the extremity,

coarsely but not closely punctured. Legs pitchy red.

10. Aleochara discoidea, n. sp. Nigra, antennis bre-

vibus, fusiformibus, basi, pedibus, elytrisque disco rufis ;

abdomine apicem versus angustato, fortiter minus crebre

punctato. Long. 34 lin.

Allied to A. fuscipes, but differing from it by the

coarser punctuation of the thorax and elytra: also closely

allied to A. claviger, but rather smaller, and, besides the

difference in the colouring of the elytra, has the hind body

more sparingly punctured. Antennz short and stout,

thicker in the middle than at the extremity, the two first

joints dark red, 3rd joint longer than 2nd, 5—10 strongly

transverse. Head small, not half so broad as the thorax,

sparingly but distinctly punctured ; the palpired. Thorax

strongly transverse, rounded at the sides and narrowed in

front, shining black, rather coarsely and sparingly punc-

tured. Elytra much shorter than the thorax, black at

the sides and the base, red in the middle, rather coarsely

and moderately closely punctured. Hind body narrowed

towards the extremity, shining black, coarsely and sparingly

punctured, the punctuation not at all closer at the base

than at the extremity of each segment. Legs red, the

femora on the under side as well as the anterior cox

infuscate.

Four specimens.

11. Aleochara claviger, n. sp. Nigra, antennis brevi-

bus, fusiformibus, basi pedibusque rufis; capite, thorace,

elytrisque crebre fortiter punctatis, abdomine apicem versus

angustato, crebre fortiterque punctato. Long. 3}—4 lin.

Allied to A. fuscipes, with the anterior parts of the body

much more strongly punctured and the elytra differently

coloured. Antennze short and stout, a little thicker in

the middle than at the extremity, fuscous, the three basal

joints yellow, and the fourth dusky yellow, 3rd joint longer

8: Mr. David Sharp on the

than 2nd, 4—10 strongly transverse. Head strongly but

not closely punctured. Thorax transverse, a little narrowed

in front, strongly and rather closely punctured, its form

very similar to that of fuscipes. HElytra not so long as

the thorax, closely and strongly punctured, blackish,

obscurely reddish at the extremity, the outer angles

rounded. Hind body a little narrowed towards the ex-

tremity, rather strongly and moderately closely punctured,

(the punctuation is closer and deeper but not coarser than

in fuscipes). The legs are red, the hind tarsi long and

slender, with the basal joint distinctly longer than the two

following.

Three specimens.

12. Aleochara japonica, n. sp. Nigra, antennarum basi,

pedibusque testaceis, elytris apice rufis; capite, thorace,

elytrisque dense subtiliter punctatis; abdomine apicem

versus attenuato, fortiter minus crebre punctato, segmento

penultimo apice emarginato. Long. 2$—34 hn.

Allied to A. bipunctata, but with the hind body more

strongly and much less densely punctured. Antenne

blackish, the base yellow, and the apical joint also a little

paler, 2nd and 3rd joints subequal, joints 4 and 5 each

about as long as broad, the penultimate joints transverse,

but not strongly so. Head finely and moderately closely

punctured. Thorax convex, transverse, finely and closely

punctured, and with a rather dense depressed pubescence,

the part of the front margin behind the head faintly reddish.

Elytra shorter than the thorax, closely and rather finely

punctured, their apical part reddish, and the humeral

angle indistinctly paler, the outer angle rounded. Hind

body distinctly narrowed towards the extremity, strongly

but not densely punctured; on each segment the punc-

tuation at the base is closer than at the extremity. The

apical segment -distinctly emarginate, the sides of the

emargination a little crenulate in some specimens, probably

the $. The legs are reddish, the basal jomt of the hind

tarsi about as long as the three following together.

I have specimens from Hong Kong, which are either

a variety, or a very closely allied species; they have the

antenne rather shorter and paler, the margins of the thorax

reddish, and the red marks of the elytra more distinct

and of greater extent. I consider them a variety of A.

japonica.

Stuphylinide of Japan. Gere

13. Aleochara puberula, Klug. This species seems to

have a very wide range in the Eastern hemisphere. In

addition to Japan and the localities previously recorded

(Pyrenees, Egypt, Madagascar, Canary Isles, and Ceylon),

I may mention that I have a specimen from the Paroo Riv.

Australia.

14. Aleochara presul, n. sp. Nigra, nitida,. pedibus

piceis, elytris fusco-nigris, thoracis longitudine ; abdomine

apicem versus leviter attenuato, fortius sat crebre punctato.

Long. 24 lin. (abdomine extenso).

Closely allied to A. brevipennis, but smaller and narrower,

and with the hind body more finely and more closely punc-

tured. The antenne are rather short, black with the

basal joint indistinctly paler, jomts 5—10 each a little

shorter than its predecessor, 5th scarcely, 10th distinctly,

transverse ; thorax black and shining, very transverse,

moderately closely and finely punctured. Llytra about as

long as the thorax, pitchy or pitchy black, rather closely

and strongly rugulose-punctate, their pubescence very

distinct. Hind body black and shining, slightly pubescent,

each segment at its basal part closely, and rather strongly

punctured, at its hinder part (especially on the apical

seoments) more sparingly punctured. Legs pitchy red,

tarsi reddish.

Three specimens.

I have also a specimen of this species from Lake Baikal

in Siberia.

15. Aleochara peregrina, n. sp. Nigra, sat nitida,

antennarum basi, pedibusque piceo-rufis ; elytris piceis;

abdomine apicem versus minus attenuato, parce subtiliter

punctato. Long. abdomine extenso 24 lin.

Closely allied to A. mesta, in form and size similar to

that species and differing from it only as follows: the head

and thorax are more finely punctured, the elytra are paler

in colour and more closely punctured, the hind body though

sparingly and finely punctured has the punctuation more

evident than in mesta.

16. Aleochara fucicola, n. sp. Atra, subdepressa, pube

grisea parcius vestita, capite, thorace elytrisque opacis,

fortiter punctatis; abdomine subnitido, minus crebre

punctato; pedibus rufescentibus. Long. 12—24 lin.

10 Mr. David Sharp on the

Closely allied to our European species, obscurella, grisea,

and algarum, but readily distinguished from them by the

short basal joint of the posterior tarsi. In size and ap-

pearance it greatly resembles a true obscurella, but it has

the antennz longer, the anterior parts of the body much

more strongly punctured, with less distinct pubescence,

and therefore less opaque, and the hind body more sparingly

punctured. It is really more allied to A. alyarum, but its

smaller size, stronger punctuation, and less opaque upper

surface, readily distinguish it from that species.

The male is only to be distinguished from the female by

the ventral plate of the penultimate segment of the hind

body ; this is just a little more produced and pointed in

the middle in the male than it is in the female.

Under seaweed at Amakusa and Iwosima, near

Nagasaki.

17. Myrmedonia comes, n. sp. (affinis M. funeste).

Nigro-fusca, nitida, antennis pedibusque rufis; prothorace

subquadrato, basin versus leviter angustato, parce punc-

tulato, angulis posterioribus minus rotundatis; elytris

prothoracis longitudine sat crebre punctatis; abdomine

supra levigato. Long. 24—23 lin.

Mas, a femina vix distinguendus.

This species is closely allied to our European M. funesta;

it greatly resembles it in colour and in the structure of its

antenne. It is however a little more slender, the thorax

and elytra are less closely punctured, its prothorax is

longer in proportion to its width, more distinctly narrowed

behind, and has its hinder angles less obtuse than fu-

nesta.

This species, as well as the M. socius, is found in the

nests of Formica japonica, a tree ant allied to the Euro-

pean fF’. pubescens.

18. M. cognata, Mirk. var.? A single specimen only;

about whose sex I am in doubt, and cannot decide whether

it be sufficiently distinct from cognata.

19. Myrmedonia socius, n. sp. (affinis M. funeste).

Nigro-fusca, antennis pedibusque rufis, elytris fuscis; pro-

thorace parce punctato, transversim subquadrato, utrinque

versus latus oblique impresso; elytris prothoracis longi-

Staphylinide of Japan. 11

tudine, fortiter sat crebre punctatis, abdomine supra fere

levigato. Long. 24 lin.

Mas, abdominis segmento 7° ventrali leviter producto.

This species is allied to M. comes. It is rather smaller,

and has the antenne less elongate, the thorax more

transverse, and the elytra more coarsely punctured. Of

our European species it is most allied to MW. funesta, but

the punctuation of its elytra is very different. The under-

side of the hind body is rather closely and distinctly

punctured.

20. Ilyobates pictus, n. sp. Rufo-testaceus, nitidus,

capite, elytris, pectore, abdomineque ante apicem nigtis;

capite, thorace, elytrisque parce punctatis, abdomine fere

levigato. Long. 12 lin.

This pretty species is very distinct from any other I

know, but perhaps is best placed near I. forticornis. The

antenne are very stout, yellowish, the apical half paler than

the basal portion, 3rd joint stout, but little longer than 2nd,

4th-10th strongly transverse, 11th joint stout, rather short,

rounded at the extremity. The head is black and shining,

narrower than the thorax, very sparingly but distinctly

punctured, a broad space along the middle smooth. Thorax

distinctly narrower than the elytra, quadrate, shining red,

sparingly but rather strongly punctured, with a well-defined

deep fovea at the base in the middle, and in front of this

an impunctate middle space. LElytra black, not longer

than the thorax, very strongly and sparingly punctured.

Hind body almost impunctate, shining red, the two pe-

nultimate segments blackish. Legs yellow: basal joint of

hind tarsi rather longer than the two following together.

Three specimens. Orakami Marsh, Nagasaki.

Obs.—I have not been able to see distinctly the number

of joints in the front tarsus of this species.

21. Tachyusa rufescens, n. sp. (affinis 7. uvide). Rufo-

castanea, abdomine apicem versus nigro-fusco; capite,

prothorace (sub-orbiculato), elytrisque dense evidenter

punctatis, fronte impressa, thorace basin versus angustato,

elytris multo angustiore, abdomine minus crebre punctato,

segmentis 2—5 basi fortiter transversim impressis. Long.

13—15 ln.

Allied, by the form of the head and the structure of

the tarsi, to our 7. uvida, but it is rather smaller.

12 Mr. David Sharp on the

Antenne reddish, fourth joint longer than broad, tenth

scarcely so long as broad. Head reddish, as broad as the

thorax, truncate behind, closely and distinctly punctured,

impressed in front. Thorax much narrower than the

elytra, rather broader than long, foveolated at the middle

in front of the base, and with a fine central channel vari-

able in distinctness, its sculpture similar to that of the

head. Elytra distinctly longer than the thorax, rather

shining reddish ; they are rather coarsely and closely punc-

tured, the suture a little impressed behind the scutellum.

Segments 2-5 of the hind body are strongly impressed at

the base, the 5th less so than the others; the impressions

rugose, elsewhere finely but not closely punctured, but

distinctly pubescent. The legs reddish.

Seaweed.

22. Tachyusa algarum, n. sp. Rufescens, abdomine

apicem versus obscuriore; capite, prothorace elytrisque

dense, abdomine parce, punctatis; antennis articulo 4°

subquadrato. Long. 1 lin.

Closely allied to the preceding species, but much

smaller, and with the antennz considerably shorter, the

4th joint thereof being scarcely so long as broad; the

sculpture of the front parts of the body is scarcely so

distinct as in JZ. rufescens, but in other respects the two

species are very similar.

Under seaweed, in company with 7. rufescens.

23. Oxypoda japonica, n. sp. Nigro-fusca, antennarum

basi piceo-testaceo, pedibus elytrisque testaceis, his circa

scutellum margineque laterali infuscato, prothorace lateri-

bus, abdominisque segmentorum marginibus obscure tes-

taceis. Long. 12—2 lin.

Allied to O. luteipennis, but at once distinguished by

its much shorter antenne. These have the basal joints

obscurely yellowish, the 3rd joint a little longer than 2nd,

4—6 differing little from one another, each about as long as

broad,8—10 slightly transverse, 11th pointed, about as long

as the two preceding. Thorax distinctly narrowed in

front, finely punctured, the sides broadly yellowish, the

base a little smuate on each side close to the hind angles,

so that these are nearly right angles. LElytra coloured

and punctured as in A. luteipennis, deeply sinuate at the

outer angle. Hind body pointed behind, very densely

Staphylinide of Japan. 13

and extremely finely punctured, the hind margins of the

segments pale. Legs yellow, basal joint of hind tarsi

about as long as the three following joints together.

Two specimens.

24. Oxypoda proba, n. sp. Nigra, sericeo-pubescens,

antennarum basi, pedibus, anoque testaceis, elytris testaceo-

brunneis, lateribus obscure infuscatis ; abdominis segmen-

torum marginibus testaceis. Long. fere 14 lin.

Very closely allied to O. umbrata, Grav., and differing

therefrom mainly by some differences of colour, but also

with other slight distinguishing characters. The antennz

appear to be a little longer than in wmbrata; their base is

distinctly yellow, the margins of the thorax are distinctly

paler, the elytra are paler, and distinctly infuscate at the

sides, the hind margins of the abdominal segments are

very distinctly ferruginous.

Two specimens.

Obs.—There is also in the collection of Mr. Lewis a

single specimen of another species of Oxypoda. Its de-

scription I am scarcely able to make satisfactorily on this

individual.

25. Homalota transfuga, n. sp. (affinis H. enetcolli).

Nigro-fusca, antennarum basi, pedibus, elytrisque testaceis,

prothorace transversim sub-quadrato, elytris angustiore,

abdomine segmentis 2—4 minus crebre, 5 et 6 parce punc-

tatis. Long. 13 ln.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° dorsali apice fortiter crenu-

lato (dentibus circiter 6.) ~

Closely allied to H. eneicollis, Sharp, and differing

from it chiefly as follows; H. transfuga is a little nar-

rower, and the antenne are a little shorter, the 4th and

the 11th joints being distinctly shorter; the head and thorax

are not at all shining, and have no brassy lustre at all.

The thorax is rather narrower, and a little less tramsverse,

and rather more finely and closely punctured.

Three specimens.

26. Homalota melanaria, Sahl. Specimens of this

species do not differ from our European individuals. There

are also in Mr. Lewis’s collection seven other specimens

belonging to this genus, apparently representing seven

14 Mr. David Sharp on the

different species; but their identification and description

must be left till more material is received.

27. Homalota Lewisa, n. sp. (affinis H. plane). Pa-

rallela, subdepressa, nitidula, castanea, antennarum basi,

pedibusque testaceis; capite, abdomineque ante apicem

fuscis ; abdomine minus crebre, fortiter punctato. Long.

13 lin.

Mas, prothorace medio profunde bi-impresso, abdomine

seomento 7° dorsali, medio rotundato producto, utrinque

dente minore, acuminato, incurvato.

Fem. latet.

I describe this species on a single male individual, and

my description therefore may prove in some points to be

only applicable to that sex. Antenne short, and stout,

much thickened towards the extremity, the three or four

basal joints yellow, the rest infuscate, 3rd joint rather

longer than 2nd, 4—10 transverse, similar to one another

in length, each broader than its predecessor, last joimt

stout, longer than the two preceding. Head blackish,

all the back part densely and coarsely punctured, the ex-

treme front part shining and impunctate, the eyes large

and prominent. Thorax transverse, the sides rounded, and

distinctly narrowed behind; it is rather narrower than the

elytra, of a brownish colour, rather strongly and closely

punctured, the disc with a large profound double impres-

sion. LElytra shining yellowish, distinctly longer than the

thorax, rather strongly but not closely punctured. Hind

body parallel, of a brownish colour, with the penultimate

segments darker; it is shining, and rather strongly and

sparingly punctured, the 5th and 6th segments more

sparingly than the basal ones. The legs are yellow.

Mitzuyama.

28. Homalota distans, n. sp. (affinis H. palustri, Kies.)

Nitidula, parcius punctulata, nigra, pedibus testaceis, an-

tennis piceis basi sordide testaceis, elytris brunneis niti-

dulis, abdomine parcius punctato. Long. 1}—14 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° dorsali granulato asperato.

Antenne a little thickened towards the extremity, pitchy

with the basal joint yellow, and the 2nd and 3rd not so

dark as the others, 3rd joint shorter than 2nd, 4—10 each

distinctly stouter than its predecessor, but scarcely differ-

ing from one another in length, the penultimate joints dis-

Staphylinide of Japan. 15

tinctly transverse, 11th joint long, and rather stout, quite

as long as the two preceding joints together. Head shining

black, scarcely punctured, a little narrower than the thorax,

the palpi yellowish. Thorax rather narrower than the

elytra, distinctly broader than long, nearly straight at the

sides, quite shining, black or pitchy, very sparingly punc-

tured. Elytra one and a-half times as long as the thorax,

of a dirty yellowish or brownish colour, shining, extremely

finely and only moderately closely punctured. Hind body

black, with the basal segments sparingly and finely punc-

tured, the apical ones nearly impunctate. Legs yellow.

In the male the dorsal plate of the 7th segment of the

hind body is sprinkled on the upper side with rather coarse

eranulations ; it is truncate at the extremity, and has a

raised line or elongate tubercle extending forwards from

each angle of the tr runcation.

About a dozen specimens, all however in such bad con-

dition that I have had some difficulty in drawing up the

above description.

29. Homalota vivida, n. sp. (affinis H. clientule). Rufo-

testacea, nitidula, capite abdomineque ante apicem nigri-

cantibus ; elytris externe leviter infuscatis, crebre subtiliter

punctatis ; abdomine segmentis 2—4 crebre 5 et 6 parcius

punctatis. Long. 1} ln.

This species is allied to H. clientula, but is much more

brightly coloured, and has the antennz thicker towards

the extremity. Antenne distinctly thickened towards the

extremity, yellow, the apical joints a little dusky, 3rd

joint shorter than 2nd, joints 4—10 scarcely differing from

one another in length, but each a little broader than its

predecessor, joints 8—10 transverse, the 10th very dis-

tinctly so. Head black, not much more than half as

broad as the thorax, the palpi yellow. Thorax very

transverse, rounded at the sides and a little narrowed in

front, slightly narrower than the elytra, reddish-yellow,

very finely punctured. Elytra a little longer than the

thorax, yellow, infuscated at the sides near ne hind angles,

finely punctured. Hind body yellow, with the segments

before the extremity infuscate ; it is finely and moder ately

closely punctured, the apical seoments more sparingly than

the basal ones, it is but slightly narrowed towards the

extremity. Legs yellow.

16 Mr. David Sharp on the

30. Deinopsis modestus, n. sp. Nigro-fuscus, opacus,

dense sericeo-pubescens, pedibus rufo-testaceis, antennis

fuscis ; basi, ore, palpisque testaceis. Long. 14 lin.

Much smaller than D. furcatus, about the size of

Myllena dubia. In form and structure presenting a

great resemblance to D. furcatus, but differing from it

as follows:—The antenne, palpi and legs are paler in

colour, and the front margin of the thorax behind the

head is distinctly yellow, and the joints of the antennz

are distinctly shorter.

31. Tachinus mimulus, n. sp. Oblongus, nigro-piceus,

nitidus, antennarum basi, pedibus thoracisque limbo tes-

taceis ; elytris thorace plus sesqui longioribus, nigro-piceis,

vitté intramarginali, apiceque dilutioribus. Long. 2 lin.

Nota.— T. marginello peraffinis, notis sexualibus tantum

differt.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° dorsali breviter 4-dentato,

dentibus intermediis magis prominulis: segmento 6° ventrali

late semicirculariter emarginato; 7° breviter 4-dentato,

medio profunde emarginato.

Fem., abdomine segmento 7° dorsali utrinque dente sat

elongato, medio lamina lata, apice truncata.

This species, in size, colour, punctuation, and the struc-

ture of its antenns, most closely resembles 7’. marginellus ;

it is, however, a little broader, and very readily distinguished

by the sexual characters. In the male the structure of the

dorsal plate of the 7th segment is similar to that of marg7-

nellus, but the four teeth are broader and shorter; the

ventral plate of this segment is similar to that of margi-

nellus, but the ventral plate of the 6th segment is very

different ; it is furnished in the middle with a very broad

semicircular notch, which is furnished at the sides and

base with minute asperities; in front of this notch the

segment is depressed, the depression being limited in front

by a roughened space.

In the female the dorsal plate of the 7th segment has in

the middle a very broad plate, the extremity of which is

nearly truncate, being very obtusely acuminate in the

middle; on each side of this is a rather stout tooth, pro-

jecting farther back than the extremity of the central

plate.

Common.

“4

Staphylinide of Japan. 17

32. Cilea silphoides, Lin. 'Two specimens appear to

be quite similar to our European individuals.

33. Coproporus spec.? There is a single mutilated

individual only of this species, closely resembling the

C. colchicus, but considerably larger; I must leave its

description till more specimens are obtained, but I think

it worth while to mention the occurrence of the genus in

Japan.

34. Tachyporus celatus, n. sp. Nigricans, antennis

piceis, basi pedibusque testaceis; thorace elytrisque rufo-

testaceis, his lateribus nigris. Long. 14 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis leviter dilatatis, sc tanieddts simplici-

bus, abdomine seg. 7° ventrali triangulariter emarginato,

6° simplice.

Var. Prothorace elytrisque piceo-infuscatis.

This species is closely allied to 7. 4-scopulatus, Pand. ;

itis similar in colour (except that the head and thorax are of

a redder-yellow colour, ) and in form, and also in the structure

of the antennz, but is readily distinguished by the male

characters, the front tarsi in that sex being only slightly

dilated, and the intermediate tarsi quite ” simple. Our

British 7. humerosus is smaller, and has the hind margin

of the 6th segment beneath distinctly emarginate in the

male, while this segment is quite simple in celatus. The

dark variety somewhat approaches 7. puszllus in appear-

ance.

Common.

Besides the 7. celotus there is a single specimen of

another very distinct species in Mr. Lewis’s collection.

It has unfortunately lost its antenne, and must remain

without name till more specimens are found. ;

35. Conurus germanus, n. sp. Nigricans, antennarum

basi pedibusque testaceis, elytris thorace evidenter longi-

Pp I ce

oribus, basi late indeterminate rufescentibus. Long. 24 Lin,

Closely allied to the European C. pubescens, and only

easily distinguished therefrom by the structure of the

antennee ; these organs are not quite so long and are

much less thickened towards the extremity than they

are in pubescens. They are yellow at the base, more

or less dark towards the extremity, with the apical joint

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PaRTI. (FEB.) g

18 Mr. David Sharp on the

paler ; the 1st and 2nd joints have each on their inner side

two distinct outstanding black sete ; the 3rd joint is less

than twice as long as the 2nd; from the 4th to the 10th

each joint is just a little stouter, but distinctly shorter than

its predecessor ; the 10th about as long as broad. In other

respects this insect appears greatly to resemble pubescens,

but the legs appear a little shorter, and the hinder angles

of the thorax a little more produced behind than in

pubescens.

Among dead leaves; rare.

36. Conurus pumilus, n. sp. Gracilis, nigro-fuscus,

opacus, antennis pedibusque testaceis, elytris thorace evi-

denter longioribus, macula basali pallida ; antennis apicem

versus Vix incrassatis, articulis omnibus latitudine longi-

oribus. Long. 1% lin.

Allied to C. Litoreus, in form and colour and sculpture,

but only one-third the size. The antenne are pale yellow,

slender and elongate; the basal joints with some distinct

black sete ; the 10th joint distinctly longer than broad.

The thorax is about as long as it is broad at the base,

blackish ; the elytra are coloured as in “toreus, and their

sculpture, as well as that of the thorax, is also similar to

litoreus.

Among dead leaves ; rare.

37. Conurus pedicularius, Grav.? Besides the above

Conurt, there is also a- specimen in bad condition, which

I am unable to distinguish from the pale form of C. pedi-

cularius. I think it quite likely, however, that a series

of specimens would show it to be a distinct species.

38. Megacronus setiger,n. sp. Elongatus, niger, niti-

dus, antennarum basi apiceque, pedibus, elytrorumque

macula magna humerali testaceis ; elytris seriebus septem

punctis setigeris ; abdomine crebre fortiter punctato, fortiter

setigero. Long. 3—3+ lin.

Similar in form to M. analis, but narrower. Antennze

rather long, thickened towards the extremity, two basal

joints yellow, the rest pitchy, but the terminal one (or two)

again paler; joints 3—5 longer than broad, 7 and 8 about

as long as broad, 9 and 10 transverse, 11th joint not so

long as the two preceding together (in the ¢ ), or consider-

ably shorter (). Palpi yellow. Head and thorax similar

Staphylinide of Japan. 19

to the same parts in analis. Elytra much longer than the

thorax, black, with a large humeral spot, reaching nearly

to the suture, yellow, the apical margin also paler. Each

with seven distinct and regular rows of setigerous punc-

tures, one being close to the suture, and anther contiguous

to the outer margin, about 11 or 12 punctures in each row.

Hind body coarsely and rather closely punctured, except

the basal segment, which is smooth in the middle; the

pubescence very distinct and rigid. Legs yellow.

In the male the front tarsi are evidently dilated, and the

7th segment of the hind body is, on the under side, pro-

vided near the extremity with a deep longitudinal impres-

sion, the sides of which are elevated and roughened.

In mushrooms at Nagasaki.

39. Megacronus princeps, n. sp. Niger, antennarum

basi apiceque, et pedibus testaceis ; elytris rufis, seriebus

septem punctorum impressis. Long. 33 hn.

Allied to M. setiger, but rather broader, with the elytra

entirely red, and the antennz rather longer and more

slender. Antennz distinctly thickened toward the ex-

tremity, the two basal joints yellow, the 3rd pitchy yellow,

4—9 pitchy, the two apical joints again pale yellow. Palpi

yellow. Head small, not half as broad as the thorax,

shining black, impunctate. Thorax broader than long,

rather broader than the elytra, a little narrowed in front,

shining black, impunctate, except for a few punctures

placed close to the side and front margins. Elytra longer

than the thorax, shining red, each at some regular rows

of impressed setae-bearing punctures; in the sutural row

there are about thirteen, in the others ten or eleven punc-

tures. Hind body black, with the margins of the seg-

ments a little reddish, that of the 6th” segment more

broadly so than the others ; the basal segment is almost

impunctate, and the following one is more sparingly punc-

tured than the others, which are rather coarsely and closely

punctured. Legs yellow.

Kawatchi, October, 1871. A single female example.

40. Bryoporus Lewisius, n. sp. Elongatus, angustus,

rufus, capite piceo, elytris nigris apice rufescentibus,

uregulariter subseriatim punctatis, abdomine sat crebre

punctato, evidenter setigero. Long. 2} lin.

Antenne yellow, rather long and stout, distinctly thick-

Cc 2

20 Mr. David Sharp on fhe

ened towards the extremity, 3rd joint evidently longer than

the short 2nd joint, 4—6 each longer than broad, 7th and

8th about as long as broad, 11th rather stout, longer than.

the preceding. Palpi yellow, head pitchy, impunctate ;

thorax shining red, the whole of the disc impunctate, but

with sparing, fine, isolated punctures near the margins.

Scutellum reddish, impunctate. Elytra longer than the

thorax, black, with the apex reddish, with the usual

sutural series of punctures, and with numerous other

punctures irregularly placed. Hind body reddish, neither

densely nor strongly punctured, with a distinct depressed

long and fulvous pubescence, and the hind margins of the

segments with stouter black seta. Legs red.

A single specimen in mushrooms at Nagasaki.

41. Bolitobius japonicus, n. sp. (affinis B. trinotati).

Antennis gracilioribus, piceis, basi testaceis ; capite nigro,

thorace testaceo, plus minusve infuscato ; elytris testaceis,

parte apicali nigricante, seriebus punctorum multipunctatis,

abdomine rufescente apice summo piceo. Long. 2—24.

Allied to B. trinotatus, and apparently like that species

rather variable in size and colour, and differing as follows:

it has the antenne more slender and darker-coloured, with

a much more elongate apical joint; the dark portion of the

elytra is usually greater in extent, and the rows of punc-

tures have 10—12 punctures in each row. It is also

usually smaller than ¢rénotatus. So far as I can see the

male is distinguished from the female only by having the

hind margin of the ventral plate of the 8th segment a little

angulate in the middle; having seen, however, only half-

a-dozen specimens in*bad condition, I am not sure that I

have correctly identified the male.

Among dead leaves.

42. Heterothops cognatus,n.sp. Niger, nitidus, minus

dense punctatus, antennarum articulo primo, pedibusque

piceo-testaceis ; capite breviter ovato, elytris thorace longio-

ribus, summo apice rufescentibus. Long. 2—2+4 lin.

This species greatly resembles our H. binotatus, but is

much more sparingly punctured. In the form of its head

and the structure of its antennz it is intermediate between

that species and H. previus. The basal joint of the

antenn is yellowish, and the one or two following joints

are indistinctly paler than the rest. The elytra are con-

Staphylinide of Japan. 21

siderably longer than the thorax, black with the extremity

narrowly pale ; ; they are moderately strongly, but not

closely punctured. Hind body rather strongly and not

densely punctured. Legs yellowish, the tibixe pitchy.

Abundant in refuse.

RIENTIS, nov. gen. (juxta Astrapeum locandus).

Grenis haud marginatis.

Thorace minus orbiculato.

Antennis rectis, crassiusculis.

Palpis maxillaribus articulo ultimo oblongo, labialibus

articulo ultimo leviter securiformi.

Tarsis anterioribus leviter dilatatis.

The anomalous insect for which this genus is founded

is about the size and has somewhat the appearance of

Philonthus cribratus. Wabrum bilobed. Mandibles short,

stout at the base, curved, slender and pointed at the ex-

tremity, with a tooth near the base. Palpi short and

stout, the last joint of the maxillary longer than the pre-

ceding, cylindric ; labial palpi with the Ist and 2nd joints

short and but little longer than broad, last much larger,

hatchet-shaped. Genz immarginate. T hor ax with the upper

marginal line very distinct, and not deflexed at the front

angles, at the sides beneath with a rather large parchment-

like stigmatic membrane. ‘The anterior and middle cox

large, the latter contiguous. The front tarsi only mode-

ately dilated; the front tibix strongly spined.

I have seen but a single male specimen of this interest-

ing insect.

43. Rientis parviceps. Nigerrimus, antennis_ pedi-

busque piceis, capite thoraceque pernitidis, obsolete punc-

tulatis; elytris abdomineque fortiter puna Long.

64 lin. .

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali margine posteriore

leviter emarginato.

Fem. latet.

Rather longer but not broader than Astrapeus ulmi.

Antenne pitchy, stout, much shorter than head and

thorax; 3rd joint longer than 2nd; jomts 6—10 each a

little broader than its predecessor; the 10th not quite so

long as broad; 11th joint longer than 10th, sinuate at

the extremity. Head small, not two-thirds the width of

the thorax at the base, the eyes only moderately large; it

ye Mr. David Sharp on the

is sparingly and finely punctured, and has also some coarse

punctures at the back about the hind angles. Thorax

nearly as long as it is broad behind, its width there about

that of the elytra; it is a little narrowed in front, but not

rounded at the sides; it is extremely shining, finely and

obsoletely punctured, without any discoidal punctures.

The scutellum is coarsely and closely punctured; elytra

about as long as the thorax, shining black, sparingly but

very strongly punctured; the pubescence very scanty and

indistinct. Hind body rather robust, only moderately

narrowed towards the extremity, the apical segments pitchy

at their extremities, its punctuation close, deep and coarse.

The legs are pitchy black. The under surface strongly

punctured. :

Under dead leaves, Copper Temple, Nagasaki, a single

example only.

ALGON, noy. gen. ( Quediinz).

Antenne rect.

- Paipi maxillares articulo ultimo oblongo, labiales articulo

ultimo securiformi.

Pedes intermedii contigul,

Tarsi 5-articulati.

The remarkable insect for which this genus is estab-

lished, is just intermediate in facies between Quedius and

Ocypus. ‘The structure of its thorax is altogether that of

the Quedi, and its natural position is between Quedius

and Astrapeus. The labrum is deeply emarginate in the

middle and has a large membranous appendage in front.

The mandibles are broad and robust, bisinuate (rather

than toothed) on the imner side. The 3rd joimt of the

maxillary palpi is much shorter than the 2nd and con-

siderably narrower at the base than at the extremity ; the

4th joint is longer than the 3rd. Last joint of the labial

palpi very dilated and strongly securiform. Head broad

and flat, abruptly constricted behind so as to form a com-

paratively narrow neck. Thorax with the upper marginal

line uninterrupted throughout its circumference, and limit-

ing the front angles as seen from above; the margin

beneath furnished with a parchment-like stigmatic. mem-

brane. “Anterior tarsi dilated, but not so patellated as in

Quedius or Astrapeus. ‘The middle tibiz strongly spined ;

the basal joint of the four posterior tarsi about as long as

the three following together. Anterior and middle cox

Staphylinide of Japan. 23

very large; the middle cox separated from the hind coxze

only by a narrow portion of the metasternum,

44, Algon grandicollis,n. sp. Niger, antennis articulo

primo ruto, apiceque flavescentibus, pedibus piceis ; capite

prothoraceque nitidissimis; elytris crebre fortiter punc-

tatis, opacis; abdomine crebre punctato, indistincte

opalescente. Long. 9 lin.

Mas, palpis maxillaribus articulo ultimo leviter incras-

sato, apice oblique truncato; abdomine segmento 7° ven-

trali apice profunde triangulariter exciso.

Fem., palpis maxillaribus articulo ultimo simplice,

cydindrico.

Antenne slender, not in the least thickened outwardly,

the basal joint long, reddish, the following joints pitchy,

but the two or three terminal joints yellowish, 3rd joint

longer than 2nd, not so long as the first; from this to the

10th, each joint is shorter than its predecessor, even the

10th, is considerably longer than broad; 11th jomt longer

than 10th, obliquely sinuate at the extremity. Head much

narrower than the thorax, broad and subdepressed, the

eyes large and encroaching much on the upper surface ; it

is black and shining, almost impunctate (or rather obso-

letely and sparingly punctured), with large and small

punctures behind the eyes, on the under surface it has a

few scattered but distinct punctures; the palpi are reddish.

The thorax is ample, it is broader than the elytra, and

very nearly as long as broad; it is slightly narrowed in

front, it is very black and shining, and without any dis-

coidal punctures. The scutellum is closely and strongly

punctured. The elytra are rather shorter than the thorax ;

they are coarsely and closely punctured, not shining. ‘The

hind body is elongate, and but little narrowed to the ex-

tremity ; it is rather coarsely and closely punctured, the

7th segment more sparingly and finely punctured than the

others. The legs are pitchy. _

Under dead leaves, Copper Temple, Nagasaki, also at

Maiyasama, Hiogo.

45. Velleius dilatatus, Fab. [have a single male specimen

of this species in my collection from Japan, where, however,

it has not been found by Mr. Lewis. Mr. Janson, from

whom I obtained this specimen, assures me there is no

error as to the locality, though I admit I entertain doubts

on this point: at the same time this individual differs

24 Mr. David Sharp on the

decidedly from our European specimens, the antennz

being more strongly serrate, and the humeral angle of the

ely tra not being at all yellow, and the thorax decidedly

broader. These points are, however, not sufficiently

striking to justify the establishment of a new species, unless

confirmed by a series of specimens. I may add that I

suppose this ‘individual if not from J apan to be from’China,

where also V. pectinatus occurs.

46. Velleius pectinatus, nu. sp. Niger, thorace margine

dilatato; antennis articulis 4—10 intus fortiter biramosis.

Long. 9—11 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali apice evidenter, 6°

obsolete emarginato.

This species is closely allied to our V. dilatatus ; it is

similar in size, form, punctuation and colour, but the an-

tenn are very different; they are shorter than in the

European species, the 3rd joint being notably shorter, it is

much broader at the extremity than at the base, joints four

to ten are strongly produced on the inner side, the pro-

duced part of each joint being divided into widely sepa-

rated portions; the 11th joint 1s very large and stout, and

quite as long as the three preceding together. The an-

tenn do not differ in the two sexes to any notable extent.

The male is without the bunches of fine hairs on the

5th and 6th segments beneath.

In company with Cossus in May and June, both at

Hiogo and Nagasaki.

47. Quedius Juno, n. sp. Niger, capite thoraceque

nitidissimis ; antennarum basi, tibiis. tarsisque rufis, illarum

medio piceo, articulis ultimis flavis, femoribus piceis; elytris

scutelloque fortiter punctatis, abdomine versicolore apicem

versus attenuato, minus crebre punctato. Long. 54 lin.

Antenne slender and elongate, the basal joints reddish,

the middle ones infuscate, the two apical ones yellow, 3rd

joint very long, from 4—10, each is a little shorter than its

pr edecessor, but even the 10th twice as long as broad; 11th

joint longer than 10th, obliquely sinuate at the extremity.

Head narrower than the thorax, impunctate, except for

six or seven setigerous punctures at the margin of the eye.

Eyes very large and prominent. Thorax very convex trans-

versely, almost straight at the sides, the anterior angles

rather produced. Scutellum very coarsely punctured.

Staphylinide of Japan. 25

Elytra about the length of the thorax, coarsely but not

densely punctured. Hind-body rather slender, distinctly

narrowed towards the extremity, distinctly versicolorous,

moderately finely and rather sparingly punctured.

The only specimen I have seen of this remarkable in-

sect is, I believe, a female; it has the front tarsi strongly

dilated. I believe it will prove to be the type of a distinct

genus approaching Cyrtothoraz in its characters. It has

the inner margin of the thorax furnished with a very large

and horny stigmatic shield.

Yamato, Oct. 8, 1871.

48. Quedius simulans, n. sp. Niger, nitidus, antennis

pedibusque obscure rufis; thorace lateribus subdilatato ;

scutello fortiter punctato. Long. 34—44 lin.

N.B.—Q. fulgido (var. elytris nigris) persimilis,

scutello evidenter punctato, facile distinguendus.

This insect is very closely allied to the common black-

elytraed, domestic form of Q. fulgidus, but is at once distin-

guished by its strongly punctured scutellum: as other points

of distinction it may be noted that Q. simulans is rather

smaller, and has the elytra rather more closely and finely

punctured, and the joints of the antennz very distinctly

shorter. The male is generally rather larger than the fe-

male, and has the head broader, and joints 4—10 of the

antenne more transverse; in this last point, however, the

male varies considerably (in the three specimens before me).

In heaps of refuse.

49. Quedius lateralis, Grav. I have a single specimen

of this species from Japan, which appears to differ but

little from our European individuals. It has not been

found by Mr. Lewis, but I have received it from another

source.

50. Quedius parviccps,n. sp. Niger, nitidus, antennis

pedibusque piceis, capite minuto, ovato; thorace orbiculato

utrinque serie punctorum quinque impresso ; abdomine

apicem versus fortiter attenuato, supra leviter metallescente,

equaliter sat crebre punctato. Long. 5} lin.

This distinct species has at first sight the appearance of

Philonthus politus. Antenne pitchy, rather long and

slender, scarcely at all thickened towards the extremity, all

the joints longer than broad, the third much longer than

J: Mr. David Sharp on the

the second. Palpi pitchy, their last joint long and slender,

paler than the rest. Head very narrow, not half as broad

as the thorax, with two punctures on the front between the

eyes, and with a few others along the inner margin and at

the back of the eyes. Thorax about as long as broad,

ereatly rounded at the sides and much narrowed i in front,

near the front on each side the middle with a series of five

punctures, and with two or three other punctures between

these and the sides. Scutellum impunctate. Elytra rather

longer than the thorax, moderately closely punctured.

Hind-body black with metallic reflections, very pointed at

the extremity, regularly, rather finely and not densely

punctured. The legs are pitchy, the tarsi dusky reddish.

A single specimen; it is a male, and has the front tarsi

broadly dilated.

Quedius japonicus, n. sp. (Q. punctatellv affinis).

Niger, nitidus, elytris rufis, fortiter biseriatim punctatis ;

antennis piceis, pedibus testaceis, tibiis infuscatis. Long.

3 lin.

Allied to Q. punctatellus, but with the antenne

more slender, the elytra rather longer, and of a red colour,

and the thorax a little more narrowed in front. Antenne

similar to those of punctatellus, but considerably more

slender. Head formed as in punctatellus, but with the

eyes notably larger, and with two additional punctures

placed in a line between the eyes, as in scintillans and its

allies. Thorax rounded at the sides, and considerably nar-

rowed in front, with the usual punctures. Scutellum

black, impunctate. Elytra longer than the thorax, red, a

little infuscate near the seutellum, impressed along the

suture, and in this impression with six or seven ‘large

punctures, also with two discoidal, not very regular, rows

of punctures, and besides this only indistinct traces of

punctuation. Hind-body moderately closely punctured,

Legs yellowish, with the tibie darker. The tarsi rather

more slender than in punctatellus.

Very common in marshy places at Hiogo and Nagasaki.

Quedius pretiosus,n. sp. Nigricans, nitidus, elytris

nidibue abdomine late versicolore ; pedibus (cum coxis)

testaceis, tibiis infuscatis; ely tris fortiter, subseriatim -

punctatis; oculis magnis. Long. fere 4 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis valde dilatatis, abdomine segmento 7°

Staphylinide of Japan. 27

ventrali profunde triangulariter exciso, seemento 6° medio

ante apicem longitudinaliter impresso.

Fem., tarsis anticis leviter dilatatis.

This elegant species is allied to Q. tmpressus by the

punctuation of its elytra, and to the attenuatus group by

its large and prominent eyes. Antenne rather short, not

thickened towards the extremity, the basal joint yellow, the

others infuscate ; 3rd joint considerably longer than 2nd,

10th quite as long as broad. Head shining black, with

four punctures between the eyes placed as in sezntillans.

Thorax piceous, very shining, distinctly narrowed in front,

with the usual punctures, Scutellum shining, impunctate.

Klytra as long as the thorax, of a beautiful “shining -oreen

colour, with a sutural and two discoidal rows of. “distant

large punctures, besides this only obsoletely punctured.

Hind-body narrowed towards extremity, of an obscure

pitchy-yellow colour, but very strongly iridescent, the side

margins distinctly yellowish. The inflexed margin of the

thorax and the legs yellow, the tibiz infuscate.

Three specimens, Nagasaki.

53. Quedius Lewisius,n. sp. Niger, nitidus, pedibus

testaceis, tibiis et coxis anterioribus infuscatis, elytris

fortiter subseriatim punctatis, abdomine minus evidenter

versicolore; oculis magnis. Long. 4 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis valde dilatatis, abdomine segmento

ventrali triangulariter exciso.

Fem., tarsis anticis leviter dilatatis.

This species is greatly allied to the Q. pretiosus; in

form and structure, and even in sculpture, it seems quite

similar, but the colour is different and the male characters

dissimilar. The stigmatic plate of the thorax is mem-

branaceous.

Two specimens, in a marsh at Hiogo.

54. Creophilus mazillosus, Lin. A considerable num-

ber of a species of Creophilus, brought by Mr. Lewis from

Japan, should, I think, be referred to as a variety of

C. mavzillosus. They differ considerably from our

oes individuals in the disappearance (to a greater

r less extent) of the white pubescence of the upper

oe and this not as the result of abrasion. The

specimens, however, are very discrepant among them-

selves as regards the very characters by which they are

28 Mr. David Sharp on the

distinguished from European and East Siberian indi-

viduals, In some specimens the only trace of the trans-

verse white fascia of the elytra is to be found in an ill-

defined, narrow, longitudinal line of scanty white hairs near

the outer angle of the elytra, and the white pubescence of

the upper surface of the hind body is also nearly entirely

absent. Some specimens, however. have the transverse

white fascia on the elytra quite distinct, though in none is

it so broad as in European individuals. The elytra are

more sparingly punctured in the Japanese individuals (as

is well seen by denuding specimens of their pubescence),

this character, indeed, seems to bear a direct proportion

to the absence of the white pubescence. There are also

two specimens (unfortunately much abraded) which repre-

sent the var. ciliaris, Steph. (fulvago, Mots.), as the black

pubescence of the elytra, breast and legs is replaced by a

yellowish pubescence. This yellow pubescence is, how-

ever, very much less bright in colour than in fulvago.

I think it advisable to give names to these three forms,

and I would call the variety in which the white pubescence

is least marked, var. subfusciatus; the variety which most

nearly approaches our European race, var. medialis; and

the specimens with the yellowish pubescence, var. 7m-

becillus. Individuals of Cr eophilus from Northern China

appear not to differ from C. cinerarius, Er. ; but I may

remark that I think it not unlikely it will be ultimately

found that C. maxillosus, cinerarius, arcticus and villosus

cannot be maintained as distinct species, but must be

looked on as geographical races of one and the same

species.

Mr. Lewis informs me that in Japan the species occurs

commonly in carrion in sandy districts.

55. Leistotrophus gracilis, n. sp. Niger, tomento

fusco-nebuloso vestitus, abdomine segmentis Be, 4°que

medio flavescentibus; antennis pedibusque testaceis, his

femoribus nigro-maculatis. Long. 7 lin.

This species in colour and structure greatly resembles

LL. nebulosus, but is much narrower, and is very readily

distinguished by its very slender, and rather elongate

antenn ; these are of a yellowish colour, are scarcely

thickened towards the extremity, and have even the 10th

joint longer than broad; the eyes also approach much

nearer to the hinder angles of the head than they do in

nebulosus.

Stuphylinide of Japan. 29

This species is found at the fermenting sap of trees,

especially in bamboo groves where the young shoots have

been cut.

56. Leistotrophus oculatus, n. sp. Niger, capite,

thorace, elytrisque tomento fusco-nebuloso vestitis, abdo-

mine segmentis apicalibus basi cinereo-variegatis; anten-

narum basi testaceo, tibiis tarsisque fuscis, femoribus apice

testaceo-maculatis. Long. 6 lin.

This species at first sight much resembles our LZ. muri-

nus, but when examined is found to possess numerous

points of distinction, and its eyes are notably larger than

those of murinus. The antenne are rather stout, the

basal joints yellowish, the four or five penultimate joints

broader than long. The head is rather short, but the eyes

are very convex ‘and prominent; the head and thorax are

more densely clothed with tomentum than in murinus,

and have therefore little brassy lustre; the thorax is nar-

rower than in murinus, and the sides more sinuate behind

the middle. The scutellum, elytra and hind body greatly

resemble murinus. The legs are much more slender than

in murinus, and paler in colour.

In dung at Nagasaki, rare.

Obs.—Mr. Lewis’s collection contains no insect to

which the description of Yrichoderma brevicornis, Mot-

schoulsky, is applicable.

57. Eucibdelus japonicus, n. sp. Capite thoraceque

supra nigris, dense punctatis; elytris olivaceis, flavo-pubes-

centibus, margine laterali ferrugineo ; abdomine nigro,

segmentorum marginibus ferrugineis, sericeo-variegato ;

pedibus rufis. Long. 7—-8 lin.

Mas, tibiis anterioribus basi gracilioribus; abdomine seg-

mento 7° ventrali medio late exciso, 6° apice obsolete emar-

ginato.

Variat, capite subtus, prothorace angulo antico, antennis-

que vel ferrugineis, vel nigris.

Antenne either entirely red or with the external joints

black, joints 7—10 distinctly produced and serrate on the

inner side, and at the apex of each therefore quite as

broad, or rather broader than long; the other joints longer

than broad. Head but little broader than the thorax,

densely and coarsely but not deeply punctured. Thorax

only about half as broad as the elytra, scarcely narrowed

30 Mr. David Sharp on the

behind, the front angles forming a projecting tubercle ; it

is longer than broad, like the head densely and coarsely

but not deeply punctured, with an indistinct smooth line

along the middle. Elytra considerably longer than the

thorax, densely but rather unequally clothed with a fine,

silky-yellowish pubescence, this nearly wanting about the

external angles. Hind body finely punctured and clothed

with a variegated silky pubescence. Legs yellow and

slender, without any spines; the basal joint of the hind

tarsus longer than the two following together. Underside

with the metasternum convex, and middle legs rather

widely separated.

Beaten off trees on hill-sides at Hiogo aud Nagasaki.

This species varies as to the colour of the antenne and

femora, of the margins of the abdominal segments, and

underside of the head.

58. Staphylinus paganus, n. sp. (affinis S. chalco-

cephalo). Niger, capite thoraceque supra ezneis, obscure

eriseo-pubescentibus, elytris rufo-brunneis, obsolete macu-

losis; pedibus testaceis, femoribus plus minusve nigro-

signatis; abdomine minus evidenter cinereo-maculato.

Long. 9 lin. (abdomine extenso).

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali apice late exciso.

Var., capite thoraceque nigris.

Allied to S. chalcocephalus, and similar to it im size and

form. Antennz very similar to chalcocephalus. Head

and thorax brassy, very densely punctured, the punctua-

tion rather fmer and consequently rather denser than in

chalcocephalus ; the thorax rather longer in proportion to

its width than in chalcocephalus, and the smooth space in

front of the scutellum much smaller; the pubescence not

so bright-coloured asin chalcocephalus. Scutellum densely

covered with black tomentum. Llytra about as long as

the thorax, reddish, with indications of darker spots.

Hind body with a triangular spot of very scanty ashy

pubescence in the middle of each segment at the base,

and on each side this, a small spot of black tomentum. On

the 7th segment the ashy pubescence covers the whole of the

base of the segment. On the under side the hind body is

rather sparingly punctured, and at the extreme base of

each segment (only visible when the hind body is extended)

is a very scanty ashy pubescence. ‘The tibix and tarsi

are yellow: the femora variable in colour, being some-

Staphylinide of Japan. 31

times yellow, marked with black on the underside, some-

times nearly entirely yellow, and again sometimes nearly

entirely black.

The specimens with black head and thorax have, so far

as I see, nothing else to distinguish them from those with

brassy head and thorax.

Common in woods, under dead leaves and dung.

59. Staphylinus inornatus,n. sp. Latior, niger, opacus,

nigro-pubescens, capite thoraceque dense sat fortiter

punctatis ; abdomine segmentis basi bifariam nigro-

tomentoso maculatis ; clypeo antice leviter emarginato.

Long. 12 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali medio late exciso,

6° medio ante apicem lecevia eee leevigato, apice

emareginato.

The colour of this species is that of the N. American

S. tomentosus, but the Japan insect is twice as broad as

the American one, and more coarsely sculptured. Head

narrower than the thorax, densely and coarsely punc-

tured, with obsolete indications of a smooth line along the

middle. Thorax almost as long as broad, densely and

rather coarsely punctured, with a shining, smooth, narrow

space in front of the scutellum, which is obscurely con-

tinued forwards as an obsolete carina. L[lytra of the

length of the thorax. Hind body black, rather sparingly

punctured, and the punctuation much concealed by the

pubescence ; each segment except the last has at the base

on each side of the middle a spot of dense black tomentum.

The femora are black, with the hind margin yellowish ;

tibize rusty black; the middle tibiz clothed with strong

dense spines, and the anterior tibiz also strongly spinulose

on the outside and behind. The epimera of the meso-

thorax are broad, and the middle legs not contiguous.

In the male the hind margin of the 7th segment beneath

is very broadly excised, a narrow space along the margin

of the incision depressed, smooth and shining; the 6th

segment has in the middle a smooth space before the

extr emity, and on each side of this the pubescence is more

dense ; its hind margin is rather deeply emarginate.

On the sandy shore at Simabara, May, 1870.

V 60. Staphylinus subeneus,n.sp. Niger, capite, thorace,

elytrisque subzeneis, tibiis ferrugineis ; : cly peo antice trun-

aoe Mr. David Sharp on the

cato; abdomine obsolete cinereo-variegato, indistincteque

bifariam nigro-maculato. Long. 10 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali apice (minus late)

exciso, ante excisionem leviter longitudinaliter Impress0o ;

segmento 6° medio macula triangulari dense nigro-

pubescente, margine posteriore lev iter emar einato.

This species is closely allied to S. znornatus. It differs

therefrom as follows. It israther smaller, but distinctly nar-

rower, and the front parts have a distinct brassy tinge ;

the pubescence of the front parts is of a more rusty colour :

the clypeus is scarcely emarginate in front; the hind body

has some scanty pale hairs, ‘for ming, with the black spots,

an obsolete pattern on the upper ‘surface ; the tibiz are

paler in colour. The male is remarkable from the patch

of dense, black, elongate, and subdepressed pubescence in

the middle of the underside of the 6th segment of the

hind body.

Mr. Lewis has found but one single individual of this

species, but I have received two others from another

source. |

In a pathway at Nagasaki, 1865.

61. Goérius carinatus,n. sp. Niger, pedibus elytrisque

ferrugineis, his thorace malta brevior eae: thorace elone gato,

cumque capite dense punctato, subtiliter carinulato ; ab-

domine segmentis 6° 7°que apicem versus ferrugineis.

Long. 11 lin.

Allied to G. olens, but narrower, with longer thorax,

&c. Antenne shorter than in olens, but similarly formed,

the Ist joint dark reddish. Head as broad as the thorax;

all its hind part very densely punctured; the front part

more sparingly punctured, and therefore a little shining;

the middle with a very fine smooth line. Thorax longer

than broad, very densely punctured, with a fine carina-

like line along the middle. Elytra dull reddish, clothed

with a fulvous pubescence, densely punctured. Hind

body rather closely and very finely punctured; the 6th

and 7th segments reddish behind. “Legs reddish, anterior

tibie with ten or twelve stout spines (besides those arming

the extremity).

The only specimen I have seen is probably abraded,

and it is likely that good specimens would have the head

and thorax clothed with tomentum.

Maiyasama, Oct. 1871, under dead leaves.

Staphylinide of Japan. 3a

There is a single specimen of an allied species taken by

Mr. Lewis, at the Moon Temple, Kobé ; it has the front

tibiz more sparingly spined, and appears to have the ab-

domen variegated towards the extremity. It is much too

immature, however, to describe.

62. Ocypus Lewisius, n. sp. Elongatus, parallelus,

opacus, niger, capite thoraceque zneis, dense punctatis;

elytris fuscis thorace multo brevioribus, abdomine obscure

flavo-variegato, pedibus piceis. Long. 10 lin.

Somewhat resembling O. cupreus, but much larger, with

the head and thorax more opaque. Antenne of an

obscure reddish colour, rather long; 3rd joint consider-

ably longer than 2nd, 4th to 10th each a little shorter

than its predecessor, even the 10th a little longer than

broad; 11th joint rather longer than 10th, obliquely sinu-

ate-truncate at the extremity, and pointed on one side.

Mandibles robust, toothed. Head brassy, nearly as broad

as the thorax, very densely and moderately finely punc-

tured, with a fine depressed pubescence. Thorax elongate,

longer than broad, quite straight at the sides ; its punctu-

ation and pubescence the same as on the head, without

carina, except that there is a short and very narrow

shining space in front of the scutellum. Scutellum clothed

with a black pile. Elytra of a dark pitchy-red colour,

much shorter and rather narrower than the thorax,

densely but not finely punctured. Hind body rather

similar to that of ewpreus, being obscurely variegated ;

each segment with two impressed points, not so distinct as

in cupreus. Legs pitchy; front tibiz not spinulose.

A single specimen taken on the beach at Kobé, Oct.

1869.

63. Ocypus parvulus, n. sp. Elongatus, angustulus,

parallelus, nigro-subzeneus, dense punctatus; elytris tho-

race brevioribus; pedibus piceis, tibiis tarsisque obscure

testaceis. Long. 6 lin.

Allied to O. cupreus, but smaller and narrower. An-

tenn rather long, reaching nearly to the back of the

thorax, 3rd joint longer than 2nd, each joint is longer

than broad, the 11th about as long as the 10th, the Ist

and 2nd joints are pitchy reddish, the rest black. ‘The

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.) D

ae Mr. David Sharp on the

mandibles are pitchy, stout, obtusely toothed in the

middle. The head is obscurely brassy black, densely and

rather coarsely punctured. The thorax is longer than

broad, quite as broad as the elytra, very slightly narrowed

in front, its colour and sculpture the same as on the

head. Scutellum clothed with black pile. Hlytra ob-

scurely brassy black, their punctuation similar to that of

cupreus; they are distinctly shorter than the thorax.

Hind body rather closely, and moderately finely punc-

tured, with a black pubescence; the basal segment with *

yellowish pubescence, and the 5th and 6th segments with

a patch of scanty yellowish hairs in the middle at the base ;

the hind margins of the terminal segments a little reddish.

Legs pitchy, the tibize and tarsi paler, the front tibiz short

and stout, with two or three stout spines behind.

In the male, the hind margin of the 7th abdominal

segment is on the under side broadly, but not deeply,

excised in the middle.

A single specimen, Maiyasama, August, 1871.

64. Ocypus gloriosus, n. sp. Elongatus, parallelus,

niger, capite, elytris abdominisque apice dense auro-

pubescentibus; thorace abdominisque basi nigro-pubes-

centibus, pedibus testaceis. Long. 74 lin.

The form of this exquisite insect is that of Ocypus

cupreus, and it is but little larger than that species. The

antenne are similarly formed to those of O. cupreus, but

are longer; the two basal joints are reddish. The head

is brassy, coarsely and closely punctured, and densely

clothed with a beautiful, shining, golden pubescence. The

thorax, like the head, is densely and coarsely punctured, and

is clothed with a black pubescence, as also is the scutellum.

The elytra are shorter than the thorax, and are so densely

clothed with a golden pubescence as not to permit their

colour or sculpture to be seen. The hind body is very

densely and finely punctured, the basal segments densely

clothed with a black pubescence; the 5th (except at the

hind margin), the 6th and 7th segments with a golden pubes-

cence. ‘The legs are yellow; the under-side of the insect

is covered with a golden pubescence, less dense than that

on the upper parts.

A single specimen of this, one of the most elegant of

the Staphylinide, has been found at Sakai, near Osaka.

Its-general structure is quite that of O. cupreus.

Se ee

Staphylinide of Japan. 39

PHUCOBIUS, nov. gen. (juxta Ocypum locandus).

Palpi labiales articulo ultimo elongato, cylindrico.

Ligula emarginata.

Caput collo lavigato.

The very interesting insect for which this genus is

established appears to combine the characters of Ocypus

and Philonthus in a remarkable manner, and would pro-

bably, at first sight, be considered an aberrant Philonthus

rather than an Ocypus. Its divided and emarginate

ligula distinguish it, however, in an unmistakeable man-

ner from the former of these genera; and the slender

palpi and smooth neck, as well as its general facies, dis-

tinguish it from Ocypus. Mandibles elongate, acumi-

ate, toothed. Paraglosse large, reaching quite to the

apex of basal joint of labial palpi; Ist joint of labial palpi

rather long and slender, scarcely thickened at its extremity ;

2nd joint much shorter than 1st; 3rd joint elongate and

slender, quite twice as long as the 2nd. Maxillary palpi

with the three terminal joints subequal in length; the

2nd jot curved, and stouter than the two apical ones;

the 4th joint slender and cylindric. Head with a strongly

and very abruptly constricted neck. Upper marginal line

of thorax extremely deflexed at the front angles. An-

terior tarsi strongly dilated in each sex. The middle

cox almost, but not absolutely contiguous.

The nearest ally of this insect I consider to be Tasgtus

ater. The Quedius pectoralis of Boheman, perhaps, be-

longs to this genus; and I have from China a species I

should suppose to be that of Boheman, except that the

words “ caput ovatum” are not at all applicable to it.

65. Phucobius simulator, n. sp. Hlongatus, parallelus,

niger, capite prothoraceque viridescentibus, nitidis ; elytris

rufis, dense subtiliterque punctatis, metasterno rufescente.

Long. 5—6 lin.

Mas, segmento ventrali apice triangulariter exciso,

excisione parva; segmento 6° margine posteriore leviter

emarginato.

Antenne black, reaching about half-way the length of

the thorax, moderately stout, not thickened towards the

extremity; 3rd joint considerably longer than 2nd, 4—6

differing little from one another, 7—10 each a little shorter

than its predecessor, the 10th not so long as broad, a

llth strongly emarginate at the extremity. Head a

D 2

36 Mr. David Sharp on the

broad as the thorax, quadrate, very truncate behind; with

some coarse punctures along the inner margin of the eye,

with two punctures placed transversely in a line with the

front margin of the eyes, with two other such punctures

behind these, and with numerous punctures at the hind

angles; the hind margin distinctly notched in front of the

neck. ‘Thorax a little narrower than the elytra, quadrate,

scarcely if at all longer than broad, quite truncate in front,

the anterior angles well marked; it 1s but little narrowed

behind, and has on each side of the middle a row of discoidal

punctures, simulating those of Philonthus, varying in

their number from two to six on each side; except for this:

the disc is impunctate. The elytra are but little longer

than the thorax, densely and finely punctured, red, dull;

scutellum large, black, densely punctured. Hind body

closely and finely punctured, the 7th segment more sparingly

punctured on the upper side. The metasternum is reddish,

and this colour sometimes extends to the under surface of

the hind body. ‘The basal joint of the hind tarsus is

longer than the three following joints together.

Abundant under seaweed at Amakusa and Iwosima.

66. Philonthus ( Cafius, Thomson) nudus,n.sp. Niger,

nitidus, parcius punctatus, thorace serie dorsali quadri-

punctato, punctis magnis profunde impressis; elytris for-

titer profunde punctatis. Long. 4—5 lin.

Var. Elytris rufis.

Though this species has much the form of P. xzantho-

loma, it appears at first sight very different from that insect

because of its sparingly punctured and shining elytra.

Antenne rather short, scarcely thickened towards the

extremity, black, joints 7—10 a little transverse. Head

(variable in size) shining black, with some very large

punctures, placed five in an irregular row between the

eyes, five in a curved row behind these, and one or two

others near the hind angles. Thorax black and very

shining, quite as long as broad, nearly straight at the

sides; on each side the middle with a row of four very

large punctures, and with four or five other large punc-

tures between these and the front angles. Scutellum

punctured. Llytra longer than the thorax, coarsely and

deeply punctured, almost destitute of pubescence, but

furnished at the extremity with fine long cilia. Hind

body .moderately closely punctured, and finely and spar-

ingly pubescent, distinctly shining. The legs are pitchy,

Staphylinide of Japan. 37

the front tarsi in the male scarcely dilated; the middle

cox moderately distant.

This insect is common under seaweed at Amakusa and

Iwosima.

67. Philonthus (Cafius, Thomson) vestitus, n. sp.

Elongatus, niger, opacus, capite thoraceque crebre

fortiter punctatis, omnino opacis, illo medio lined elevata,

impunctata, abdomine segmentis 2—6 dense subtiliter

punctatis, segmento 7° supra parce, subtus dense, punc-

tato. Long. 3}—44 lin.

Intermediate between P. xantholoma and sericeus, this

species is remarkable by the dense and strong, and yet not

deep or distinct punctuation of its head and thorax. The

antennz are black, moderately long and stout, not at all

thickened towards the extremity; 3rd joint much longer

than 2nd, 4—10 differing but little from one another, the

10th about as long as broad. Head quite as broad as the

thorax, remarkably opaque, strongly punctured, but the

punctuation but little impressed, and not distinct; it has

an impunctate space along the middle. Thorax narrower

than the elytra, distinctly narrowed behind, strongly

punctured, but with a broad elevated space along the

middle, smooth; it is very opaque, with the exception of

the middle line, and even this is scarcely shining. Elytra

considerably longer than the thorax, densely and finely

punctured, very opaque. Hund body, both on the upper

and under sides, densely and finely punctured, except the

upper side of the 7th segment, which is very sparingly

punctured. The legs are pitchy black, the intermediate

coxee not contiguous, the front tarsi dilated in both sexes,

the basal joint of hind tarsus longer than the apical joint.

The male has a deep notch in the middle of the hind

margin of the 7th segment, and the 6th segment very

slightly emarginate behind.

In company with C. nudus.

68. Philonthus (Cafius, Thomson) histrio, n. sp.

Elongatus, niger, subopacus, pedibus piceis; capite tho-

raceque crebre fortiter punctatis, medio impunctatis ;

abdomine dense punctato, segmento 7° supra et infra

parce punctato. Long. 3—4 lin.

This species is very closely allied to the P. vestitus, but

is distinguished as follows: it is rather smaller and more

slender, the antennz are more slender, the head and

thorax, though not shining, have not the very remarkable

38 Mr. David Sharp on the

dulness of the P. vestitus, and the 7th segment of the

hind body beneath is much more sparingly punctured.

In company with P. nudus and vestitus.

69. Philonthus ( Cafius, Th.)mimulus,n.sp. Elongatus,

niger, subopacus, antennis extrorsum pedibusque obscure

rufis; capite thoraceque crebre fortiter punctatis, medio

impunctatis; abdomine crebre (segmento 7° parce) punc-

tato. Long. 3} lin.

Closely allied to the P. histrio, rather less depressed ;

the antennez red fowards the extremity, the sculpture of

the upper surface rather coarser and less dense, and the

underside of the head more sparingly punctured. An-

tenn pitchy towards the base, red towards the extremity,

the penultimate joint about as long as broad. Palpi

reddish. Head (variable in size) densely and very coarsely

punctured, with a broad space along the middle smooth.

Thorax narrower than the elytra, longer than broad,

distinctly narrowed behind, coarsely and closely punc-

tured, with an elevated space along the middle, smooth.

Elytra narrow, scarcely longer than the thorax, closely

but distinctly punctured. Hind body elongate, less de-

pressed than in Aisétrio, its sculpture very similar to that

of the elytra. Legs obscure red. Underside of head

moderately closely punctured.

Four specimens in company with the preceding species.

70. Philonthus (Cafius, Thomson) algarum, n. sp.

P. sericeo perafiinis. Llongatus, niger, opacus, cinereo-

pubescens, antennis pedibusque rufis, capite thoraceque

utrinque crebre fortiter punctatis, elytris abdomineque

creberrime subtilissimeque punctatis. Long. 2} lin.

This species is closely allied to our European P. sericeus ;

it is just the same size and form, it has the antenne and

legs rather paler in colour, the punctuation of head and

thorax deeper and stronger, and that of the elytra not

quite so dense.

Two specimens under seaweed at Nagasaki.

71. Philonthus quediodes,n. sp. ‘Thorax, sine dorsali

3-punctato, juxta LP. montivagum locandus. Niger,

nitidus, antennis pedibusque testaceis, elytris sutura late

rufa, abdomine segmentorum marginibus rufescentibus ;

oculis permagnis ; pedibus intermediis leviter distantibus.

Long. 4 lin.

Staphylinide of Japan. 39

This remarkable insect is, by the structure of its thorax

and the discoidal punctures thereon, closely allied to

P. montivagus, from which it differs, however, materially

by the very large eyes, occupying the whole of the side

of the head, and by the more widely separated middle

coxe. The antenne are rather short and moderately

stout, of a yellowish colour. The head has a few punc-

tures quite at the hind angles, and two punctures placed

obliquely, close together between the eye and the insertion

of the antennz, otherwise impunctate. Thorax nearly

straight at the sides, but a little narrowed in front; the

front angles deflexed and rounded, the punctures placed

much as in montivagus. Scutellum finely and not very

distinctly punctured. Elytra rather longer than the thorax,

black, with a broad red patch at the suture, and the hind

margin narrowly pale; they are sparingly and obsoletely

punctured, and have each a row of four large discoidal

punctures. The hind body is sparingly punctured. The

legs are yellow.

A single specimen found in dung at Nagasaki on the

11th of April.

(This individual is, I think, a male, though it has the

7th abdominal segment beneath only slightly emarginate,

the front tarsi are strongly dilated: the affinities of this

insect with Quedius are quite remarkable ; there is no

stigmatic membrane to the prothorax.)

V 72. Philonthus spinipes,n.sp. (Sectio3, Er.) Niger,

elytris rufis; tibiis tarsisque testaceis, illis longius nigro-

spinosis. Long. 7—7¥$ lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis dilatatis, abdomine segmento 7° ven-

trali apice exciso.

Fem., tarsis anticis leviter dilatatis.

Var., thorace serie dorsali 4-punctato.

This species resembles P. nitidus, but is larger and

more robust, and is readily distinguished by the pale

tibiee, on which the long black spines are very conspicu-

ous, more particularly those surrounding the apex of the

four hinder tibiex. The antenne are not in the least

thickened towards the extremity, and are entirely black.

The hind angles of the head are largely and very coarsely

punctured, and furnished with very long hairs. The

thorax is black and shining, a little rounded, but not

sinuate at the sides; sometimes with the discoidal punc-

tures placed as in P. e@neus, but generally with the third

from the front entirely wanting. The elytra are red, and

40 Mr. David Sharp on the

are moderately closely punctured. The hind body only

moderately closely punctured, but with its pubescence very

marked. The middle coxz are widely separated.

Abundant both at Hiogo and Nagasaki, in refuse.

I have this species also from Mantchuria.

73. Philonthus japonicus, n. sp. (P. eneo perafiinis).

Niger, capite thoraceque nigro-eneis, elytris eneis, thorace

lateribus subsinuato, utrinque leviter impresso; abdomine

nigro-pubescente, crebre punctato. Long. 6 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis fortiter dilatatis, abdomine segmento

6° ventrali margine apicali profundius emarginato, segmento

7° triangulariter exciso.

Closely allied to P. @neus, but undoubtedly distinct

fromit. It is ofthe size, form and colour of eneus, and the

antenne seem very similarly formed to those of that insect.

It has, however, the black pubescence of the hind body

similar in colour to that of succicola, the punctuation of the

segments not quite so dense as in eneus ; the transverse

impressions on the 3rd and 4th segments are scarcely at

all divided by the middle part of the base being produced ;

the front tarsi in the male are more strongly dilated, and

the emargination of the 6th segment beneath is much

deeper and more distinct than in eneus. From P. succi-

cola, the very eneous colour of the elytra, and the

strongly dilated front male tarsi, readily distinguish it.

Very local on the sandy shore at Simabara, April,

1870.

74. Philonthus parcus,n. sp. (Sec. 4, Er.) P. vario

affinis. Niger, nitidulus, pedibus obscure rufis, tibiis

piceo-rufis, elytris viridi-zeneis parcius fortiter punctatis,

capite suborbiculato. Long. 44 lin.

Mas latet.

This species is allied to P. varius, but has the head

much larger, and the thorax scarcely narrowed in front.

It is narrower than P. rectangulus, and the discoidal

series of the thorax consists of only four fine punctures,

Antenne pitchy, a little paler towards the extremity; the

three or four penultimate joints a little transverse. Head

slightly narrower than the thorax, rather broad in propor-

tion to the width of the insect; its punctuation similar to

that of varius, but the punctures larger. Thorax very

shining black, quite as long as broad, slightly narrower

towards the front; the punctures of the discoidal series

Staphylinide of Japan. 4]

small. Scutellum rather closely punctured. Elytra about

as long as the thorax, of a shining brassy colour, rather

coarsely and sparingly punctured. Hind body moderately

closely and finely punctured. Intermediate coxee mode-

rately distant.

A single female example only from Hiogo.

75. Philonthus macies, n.sp. (Sec. 4, Er.) P. cepha-

lotidi affinis sed multo angustior. Elongatus, niger, ni-

tidus, elytris nigro-zneis, elongatis, crebre distinctius

punctatis; coxis intermediis distantibus. Long. 31—4

lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali apice exciso, tarsis

anticis simplicibus.

Allied to P. cephalotes, but readily distinguished by its

much narrower form, and by the more separated inter-

mediate coxe. The antennez are black, rather slender ;

2nd and 3rd joints subequal, 6—10 each a little shorter than

its predecessor, the 10th hardly so long as broad. Head

about as broad as the thorax, the disc impunctate, the

hinder angles largely punctured and with four punctures

between the eyes near the front, the middle ones separated

by an impression. Thorax considerably narrower than

the elytra, longer than broad; almost straight at the

sides; its punctures large. Elytra longer than the thorax,

moderately closely and rather deeply but not coarsely

punctured. Hind body very black, only moderately

closely punctured. Front femora at the extremity with

five spines, the middle one elongate, the others smaller

and finer.

Five specimens of this species have been taken by Mr.

Lewis under seaweed at Nagasaki, possibly only an acci-

dental occurrence.

76. Philonthus germanus, n. sp. (Sec. 4, Er.) P.

Jimetario affinis sed quadruplo minor. Niger, capite

thoraceque enescentibus, antennarum basi pedibusque

flavis, his tibiis infuscatis, elytris eneo-fuscis ; abdomine

parcius punctato ; femoribus anterioribus apice breviter

5-spinosis. Long. 24—3 lin.

Mas latet.

Fem., tarsis anterioribus simplicibus.

This species, though distinct enough in its appearance,

is in structure very closely allied to P. fimetarius, and the

42 Mr. David Sharp on the

punctuation of the two species is also very similar. The

antenne are shorter than in fimetarius, the basal joint is

yellow, and joints 7—10 are distinctly transverse. The

head is small, the thorax is rather shorter than in jime-

tarius, and a little narrowed towards the front. The

middle cox are but little distant from one another, and

the front femora have near the apex five or six stout

spines placed close together.

The only two specimens I have seen of this species are,

I believe, both females, and are not in good condition.

In rubbish heaps at Nagasaki.

77. Philonthus rectangulus,n.sp. (Sec.5, Er.) Niger,

nitidus, elytris nigro-zneis, pedibus piceo-testaceis, capite

thoraceque subquadratis, abdomine segmentis 2—4 basi

medio producto; coxis intermediis longe separatis. Long.

4—5 lin.

Maris tarsis anticis fortiter, feminze vix dilatatis.

Rather larger than the large specimens of P. ebeninus,

broader and flatter, and with the head and thorax more

quadrate than in that species; the punctures of the dis-

coidal series on the thorax are rather irregular, and subject

to some variation in number; and in these respects, as

well as in one or two others, the species reminds one of P.

puella, Antenne short, not thickened towards the ex-

tremity ; jomts 4—10 each a little shorter than the pre-

ceding one ; 4th rather longer than broad ; 10th not quite

so long as broad. Head large, subquadrate; in the male

quite as broad as the thorax ; in the female not quite so

broad ; the front behind the labrum is impressed in the

middle; there are four large punctures in a line between

the eyes, and some other large punctures near the hinder

angles. Thorax nearly as broad as the elytra, about as

long as broad, straight at the sides, and not, or scarcely,

narrowed in front. Scutellum large, rather closely punc-

tured. Elytra brassy black, shining, about as long as the

thorax. Hind body only moderately closely punctured.

Legs pitchy yellow. All the tibize spinulose; the inter-

mediate coxs widely separated.

Abundant in rubbish heaps at Nagasaki.

78. Philonthus Lewisius,n.sp. (Sec. 5, Er.) Elonga-

tus, niger, elytris viridi-xneis, pedibus fusco-testaceis ;

capite thoraceque nigerrimis, nitidissimis ; elytris fortiter

Staphylinide of Japan. 43

minus dense punctatis, tenuiter pubescentibus. Long.

olin.

Mas, tarsis anticis valde dilatatis, abdomine segmento

7° ventrali late exciso.

This rather distinct species of Philonthus is an ally of

P. punctipennis, Woll. ; it differs from that species in the

following points of form, colour and sculpture. P.

Lewisius is a rather broader insect, and its head and

thorax are notably broader ; the-antenne are black, with

the base and extremity sometimes rather paler; the head

and thorax extremely shining, and excessively black ; the

elytra are brassy, and are more coarsely, but not so closely,

punctured ; the legs are more infuscated ; the punctures of

the discoidal series of the thorax are fewer in number.

Common at Nagasaki.

79. Philonthus solidus,n.sp. (Sec.5, Er.) P. seyba-

lario affinis. Niger, nitidus, pedibus testaceis, coxis an-

terioribus tibiisque infuscatis, elytris fusco-nigris margine

apicali (interdumque suturd) anguste flavescente; ab-

domine obsolete versicolore. Long. 5 lin.

Mas, tarsis anterioribus vix dilatatis.

This species is rather larger than P. scybalarius, and is

notably broader, and has the front tarsi but little dilated

in the male. The antennz are moderately long, blackish ;

the basal joint generally paler, and sometimes the apical

joints are obscurely paler ; all the joints are longer than

broad. ‘The head is narrower than the thorax ; this latter

is much narrowed to the front. The elytra are about as

long as the thorax, the hind margin narrowly, but dis-

tinctly, yellowish, and the suture often obscurely pale;

they are rather strongly punctured. ‘The hind body is

considerably narrowed towards the extremity; it is rather

strongly and moderately closely punctured ; it is obscurely

iridescent on its upper side, and the segments on the

under side have the hind margins reddish.. The legs are

yellowish, the tibize more or less infuscate, the front coxze

much darker than the femora. The middle cox rather

widely separate.

Common at Nagasaki.

This species also occurs in Northern China.

80. Philonthus mutans,n. sp. (Sec.5, Er.) P. variantt

affinis. Niger, nitidus, elytris fusco-nigris, capite ovato,

44 Mr. David Sharp on the

pedibus sordide testaceis, abdominis segmentorum ventra-

lium marginibus rufescentibus. Long. 33 lin.

This species is very closely allied to P. vartans, but

differs from it as follows. It is rather larger, decidedly

broader, and less attenuate in front and behind. The

colour of the legs is paler, and the segments of the hind

body have their hind margins reddish on the under side.

The joints of the antenne are considerably stouter, the

individual joints not being so narrow at the base as in

varians.

In the male the front tarsi are very strongly dilated.

This species occurs in Northern China; though only

a single female specimen from Japan is extant in Mr.

5, . . .

Lewis’s collection, it is probably common there.

81. Philonthus agilis, Grav. Three specimens appear

to agree with the description of the European P. agilis ;

they are readily distinguished from varians or mutans by

the much less dilated tarsi of the male.

82. Philonthus scybalarius, Nord.. A numberof speci-

mens must be assigned to this species, at any rate for the

present. But it appears to me that either P. seybalarius

is a very variable insect, or that more than one species is

confounded under the name.

In hay refuse at Nagasaki, common.

83. P. quisquiliarus, Gyll. One specimen.

Var. rubidus, Er. Two specimens. At Orakami

Marsh.

84. P. thermarum, Aubé. In the absence of sufficient

material, I consider it well to place three specimens found

by Mr. Lewis in Japan as this species: they differ from

igyptian specimens by having a deep channel along the

front of the head ; they are discrepant from one another

in colour. An individual from Northern China shows no

trace of the channel on the head.

85. Philonthus egens, n. sp. (Sec. 6, Er.) Niger,

antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis, elytris (minus leete)

rufis parce punctatis, abdominis segmentorum marginibus

ferrugineis. Long. 3 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis simplicibus, abdomine segmento 7°

ventrali apice late minus profunde exciso.

Staphylinide of Japan. 45

This species is, both in structure and sculpture, allied

to P. nigritulus, but it is larger and differently coloured.

The moderately long antenne are black, with the two or

three basal joints yellow ; they are distinctly thickened

towards the extremity; 3rd joint slightly shorter than

2nd, joints 6—10 transverse. Head with the punctuation

similar to that of P. nigritulus; maxillary palpi much

longer and more slender than in nigritulus, their last joint

elongate, slender, and very pointed. Thorax narrower than

the elytra, longer than broad, nearly straight at the sides,

and scarcely at all narrower to the front, its punctures deep

and rather large. Elytra slightly longer than the thorax, of

a reddish colour, the suture sometimes infuscate, sparingly

and not strongly punctured. Hind body broad, rather

sparingly punctured, the hind margins of the segments

reddish. Legs (including the Coxe) yellow, tibiw a little

infuscate. ‘The front tarsi quite simple in the male.

Four specimens. Hiogo.

86. Philonthus sericans,n. sp. (Sec. 6, Er.) P. micanti

affinis. Piceus, antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis,

capite orbiculato thoraceque sericeo-micantibus ; elytris

crebre punctatis; abdomine confertim punctato, segmen-

torum marginibus posterioribus ferrugineis. Long. | 3 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis leviter dilatatis.

Allied to P. micans, but paler in its colour, and with

head, thorax and antennz less elongate. The antenne

are pitchy or pitchy yellow, with the base paler, 2nd and

3rd joints subequal, the penultimate joints quadrate. Head

black or pitchy black, a little narrower than the thorax,

orbiculate, punctured as in P. micans. Thorax narrower

than the elytra, pitchy, or reddish pitchy, a little narrowed

to the front, and about as long as broad, its punctures

similar to those of micans ; it, as well as the head, has in

certain lights a silky reflection caused by a number of

extremely fine undulating grooves. Elytra pitchy, a little

shining, a little longer than the thorax, finely and rather

closely punctured. Hind body densely and finely punc-

tured, the hind margins of the segments paler. The legs,

including the anterior cox, are yellow, the middle coxze

not contiguous.

Common at Nagasaki, in garden refuse.

87. Philonthus amicus, n. sp. (Sec. 6, Er.) P. micanti

affinis. Elongatus, niger, thorace piceo, pedibus testaceis,

46 Mr. David Sharp on the

antennarum. basi piceo-testaceo ; abdomine dense punc-

tato, opaco. Long. 35 lin.

Mas latet.

This species is closely allied to P. micans, and differs

as follows. The basal jomts of the antenne are paler,’

and the penultimate joints are shorter. The thorax is

yitchy and not black in colour. The elytra are smoky

rather than black in colour, and the suture is even a little

reddish, and the legs are less infuscate. From P. sericans

its more elongate form, its longer antennz, and densely

punctured, opaque, black hind body readily distinguish it.

The head appears to have no silky reflection, and that of

the thorax is only slight.

A single female specimen, from Orakami Marsh, Na-

gasaki.

88. Philonthus prolatus,n. sp. (Sec. 7, Er.) Elongatus,

depressus, niger, elytris nigro-zneis subtiliter punctatis ;

pedibus piceis, antennis articulo ultimo ferrugineo ; ab-

domine crebre punctato, seementis anterioribus, basi trans-

versim depresso. Long. 34—4 lin.

Mas, tarsis anterioribus fortiter dilatatis.

Similar in form to P. astutus, but much larger, and

with an additional puncture (or more) in the thoracic

series. The antenne are elongate and slender, rather

longer than head and thorax, black, pitchy at the base,

the terminal joint a little paler, the 3rd joint longer than

2nd, the 10th much longer than broad. Head narrow,

slightly narrower than the thorax, very black and shining,

a large space in the middle impunctate, the hind angles

much punctured. Thorax narrower than the elytra,

longer than broad, straight at the sides and _ scarcely

narrowed in front, very black and shining, the discoidal

series of punctures rather irregular, 7 or 8 in number, the

punctures rather large. Tlytra larger than the thorax ;

brassy black, rather finely and not densely punctured,

distinctly shinmg. Hind body elongate, black, each of

the segments at the base closely and rather strongly, at

the extremity more sparingly and finely punctured, seg-

ments 2—4 strongly transversely impressed at the base.

Legs pitchy, or pitchy red, the tarsi elongate and paler.

In garden refuse at Nagasaki.

89. Philonthus Kobensis, n. sp. (Sec. 7, Er.) Niger,

nitidus, antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis, coxis anticis

Staphylinide of Japan. 47

piceis, elytrorum abdominisque basibus fulvo-testaceis ;

prothoracis serie dorsali fortiter (7 vel 8) punctato, elytris

fortiter sat crebre punctatis. Long. 34 lin.

Mas latet.

An elegant and distinct species. Antennz rather short

and stout, distinctly thickened towards the extremity,

pitchy black, the two or three basal joints yellowish; 3rd

joint rather longer than 2nd, 6—10 transverse, the first of

them slightly, the last of them strongly so. Maxillary

palpi yellow, their last joint slender and elongate, not

subulate. Head narrower than the thorax, oblong-orbi-

culate, with large punctures scattered over it, leaving a

small space in the middle free; it is black and shining,

and has an impression in front. The thorax is narrower

than the elytra, and is distinctly narrowed’ towards the

front; it has on each side the middle a row of seven or

eight large punctures, outside this another row of four or

five, and outside this still other two or three punctures.

The scutellum is black, punctured. The elytra are shining,

their base is tawny yellow; this colour extends backwards

along the suture and epipleure; their punctuation is

deep but not close. The hind body is yellowish at the

base, each segment infuscate at its base, the apical seg-

ments entirely black; its punctuation is rather sparing,

and moderately strong. The legs are bright yellow, the

cox blackish; the hinder pair of femora only feebly

spined.

Kobé, a single female specimen.

90. Philonthus rutiliventris, n. sp. (Sec. 8, Er.) Niger,

pedibus piceo-testaceis; abdomine apicem versus attenuato,

metallico-versicolore. Long. 44—5} lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis simplicibus.

Antennz rather long, not thickened towards the ex-

tremity, rather slender, black; 3rd joint longer than 2nd,

all the joints longer than broad, 11th about as long as the

10th. Palpi yellowish, last joint very slender and elongate.

Head narrower than the thorax, short and broad, black,

with many punctures on each side of the inner margin of

the eyes; a broad space along the middle, smooth. Thorax

broad, rather narrower than the elytra, about as long as

broad, distinctly narrowed towards the front, evenly covered

with rather coarse, and distantly-placed punctures, except

a broad space along the middle, which is smooth ; it is quite

48 Mr. David Sharp on the

black, moderately shining. Scutellum large, its punctua-

tion similar to that of the elytra. Elytra about as long as

the thorax, rather closely and finely but distinctly punc-

tured, rendered dull by their distinct pubescence. Hind

body distinctly narrowed towards the extremity, with

strongly metallic reflections; on the apical segments this

lustre is fiery and very changeable; it is above rather

sparingly punctured, with rigid suberect hairs or pubes-

cence, on the underside the apical segment is reddish.

The legs are pitchy yellow, the anterior coxe pitchy, the

middle ones contiguous. Common in heaps of dry rubbish

at Nagasaki. am

This species occurs also in Eastern Siberia, Lake

Baikal. In China occurs an allied species (micantiventris,

Sharp in lit.) with much more sparingly punctured head

and thorax.

91. Philonthus gastralis, n. sp. (Sec. 8, Er.) Capite

thoraceque nigris, leviter metallescentibus, elytris fusco-

brunneis, pedibus testaceis; abdomine apicem versus

attenuato, metallico-versicolore. Long. 4 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis simplicibus.

Allied to the P. rutiliventris, but smaller, and dis-

tinguished at a glance by the paler elytra and legs. The

antenn are rather long, the basal joint, and often the

apical one or two, paler than the others; all the joints

longer than broad, 3rd a little longer than 2nd. Head

about as broad as the thorax, broad and short, much punc-

tured between the eyes, but with a broad space in the

middle smooth, this space bounded in front on each side

by three or four punctures placed in a row. Thorax

narrower than the elytra, quite as long as broad, straight

at the sides, and not narrowed towards the front, coarsely

punctured, with a smooth space along the middle; it (as

also the head) has a distinct metallic lustre. The elytra

are longer than the thorax, and are of an obscure-brownish

colour, often much infuscated at the base, and always

brighter towards the extremity. .The hind body is very

strongly metallic, and is rather sparingly and coarsely

punctured. The legs are yellow, the anterior coxee more

or less infuscate, the middle ones scarcely separated.

In the male the front tarsi are quite simple, and the 7th

abdominal segment has only a slight emargination in the

middle beneath.

Found together with the P. rutiliventris.

Staphylinide of Japan. 49

92. Philonthus tiro, n. sp. (Sec. 8, Er.) Niger, an-

tennis articulis ultimis tribus albidis, capite thoraceque

nitidis, nigerrimis, fortiter punctatis, hoc areé medio levi,

elytris rufo-fulvis, versus apicem infuscatis ; abdomine versi-

colore apicem versus attenuato, segmento 6° rufescente ;

tibiis testaceis, coxis intermediis sat distantibus. Long.

5—6 lin.

Mas, tarsis anticis valde dilatatis, abdomine segmento 7°

ventrali sat profunde exciso.

Antenne quite as long as head and thorax, 2nd and 3rd

joints red at the base, 9—11 white, the rest blackish; 3rd

jomt much longer than 2nd, 10th longer than broad.

Head as broad as the thorax, suborbiculate, the whole of

the vertex and temples closely and coarsely punctured, the

disc and front smooth, the eyes not reaching half-way to

the neck, the palpi reddish, slender and elongate. Thorax

about two-thirds the width of the elytra, longer than broad,

nearly straight at the sides (when seen from above) ;

rather sparingly and coarsely punctured, with a broad

medial longitudinal space smooth. Scutellum smoky,

densely punctured. Elytra scarcely longer than the thorax,

of a tawny-red colour, a little infuscate before the hinder

angle, the punctuation moderately close and fine. Hind

body considerably narrowed behind, black, the 6th segment

and the extreme base of the 7th reddish ; the others black,

distinctly iridescent, rather strongly and closely punctured,

the pubescence and setz well marked. Femora blackish,

tibize and tarsi yellow, the latter elongate and slender.

Copper Temple, Nagasaki, under dead leaves in the

month of May.

93. Philonthus pumilus,n. sp. (Sec. 8, Er.) P. pro-

lixo peraffinis. Elongatus, niger, antennis pedibusque

testaceis, elytris lete rufis. Long. 21 lin.

This species is extremely closely allied to P. prolixus,

but the antenne and legs are paler in colour; the joints of

the former are a little stouter, and the elytra are entirely

of a bright-red colour, with their punctuation a little finer

and more remote.

Two specimens, found in a sandy pit at Osaka.

94. Othius rufipennis, n. sp. Elongatus, angustus,

niger, elytris lete rufis, antennis obscure-, pedibus piceo-

rufis. Long. 5—6 lin.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.) E

50 Mr. David Sharp on the

Mas, abdomine segmentis 4° 5°que, subtus medio ma-

cula minuta dense pubescente.

This species is about the size of, and somewhat resembles

O. fulvipennis ; it is however more slenderly formed, has

a narrower head, and longer and more closely punctured

elytra. Antenne pitchy red at the base, paler towards

the extremity ; 3rd joint much longer than 2nd, 4th to 10th

each shorter but scarcely broader than its predecessor, the

10th about as long as broad. The head is black, elongate

and narrower, not at all broader near the hind angles ; the

sides behind the eyes, as also the vertex, are strongly and

rather closely punctured ; the frent part impunctate, except

for a pair of punctures between the eyes, and in front of

these three or four punctures, indistinct by being placed in

or near the deeper hind part of the obscure frontal grooves.

Thorax black and shining, slightly narrower than the elytra,

nearly straight at the sides, almost impunctate except at the

margins; scutellum black, impunctate (or nearly so).

Elytra about as long as the thorax, bright red, rather

finely, and moderately closely punctured. The hind body

is dull black, and is rather closely and distinctly punctured.

The legs are pitchy red, the tarsi paler.

In the male the front tarsi are more strongly dilated

than in the female, and the fourth and fifth segments of

the hind body have each on the underside a very small

patch of dense fine pubescence in the middle.

Orakami Marsh. Rare.

95. Othius medius, n. sp. Elongatus, piceo-niger,

antennis obscure rufis, elytris thorace brevioribus, obscure

vel infuscato-rufis, subopacis; pedibus testaceis. Long.

7 lin, .

Mas, abdomine segmentis ventralibus 4 et 5, area media

densius pubescente.

Antenne reddish, brighter at the base than at the

extremity; 3rd joint much longer than 2nd, 4—10 each

a little shorter than its predecessor, 10th about as long

as broad. Palpi and mandibles reddish. Head rather

large, narrower than the thorax, slightly narrowed from

the hind angles to the front, at the sides sparingly but

coarsely punctured. Thorax much longer than broad,

quite as broad as the elytra, nearly straight at the sides

and not narrowed behind, black, shining, and impunctate,

except for a few punctures at the margins, and one on

Staphylinide of Japan. 51

each side near the front. Scutellum impunctate. Elytra

not much more than three-fourths the length of the

thorax ; their ground colour is an obscure red, but they

are so much infuscate, as to leave only the margins red-

dish, but their colour is variable ; they are distinctly and

rather roughly, but not coarsely or closely punctured, and

are but little shining. Hind body rather coarsely and

closely punctured. Legs yellow. Beneath, the insect is

of a paler colour than above.

The eight individuals of this species I have examined

vary considerably in the colour of the elytra: from dull

reddish to nearly or quite black.

Hiogo and Nagasaki. Common.

96. Othius latus, n. sp. Elongatus, latior, niger,

antennis obscure rufescentibus, pedibus rufis; thorace

basin versus angustato, elytris hoc paulo brevioribus,

fortiter punctatis, nitidulis. Long. 7 lin.

Readily distinguished from O. medius by its broader

form and less opaque but more strongly punctured elytra.

Antenne rather stout, dull reddish, or even pitchy red,

with the basal joints a little paler; jomts 7—10 differing

but little from one another, each scarcely so long as broad.

Palpi red. Head rather broad, just a little narrower than

the thorax, distinctly narrowed towards the front, shining

black, coarsely and sparingly punctured, with a space

along the middle impunctate. Thorax longer than broad,

a little broader in front than at the base, its width in front

equal to that of the elytra; it is black, shining, and im-

punctate, with the exception of a few punctures at the

margins and near the front angles. Elytraa little shorter

than the thorax, black or pitchy black, strongly but not

closely punctured, and distinctly shining. Hind body

rather strongly and closely punctured. Legs reddish-

yellow.

Two females from Copper Temple, Nagasaki, are all I

have seen of this insect; but Mr. Lewis has sent me from

Northern China a specimen of a male Othius, which,

though rather smaller and narrower than the individuals

above described, pertains I have no doubt to the same

species; it has the middle of the sixth segment of the

hind body beneath longitudinally flattened or depressed,

densely punctured and pubescent, the hind margin a little

emarginate. The seventh segment is in the middle to-

E 2

52 Mr. David Sharp on the

wards the extremity more finely punctured, and more

densely pubescent than at the sides, and has the hind

margin slightly emarginate.

97. Xantholinus japonicus, n. sp. Niger, elytris pal-

lidis, circa scutellum infuscatis, parcius disperse punctatis ;

antennis pedibusque piceis; prothorace serie dorsali 8,

serie laterali circiter 9, punctatis; capite fortiter punctato.

Long. 5—54 lin. :

Smaller than X. glabratus, with pallid elytra, and large

and deep punctures on the head and thorax. The antenne

are rather short and stout, pitchy or pitchy red; 2nd and

3rd joints sub-equal, 4—10 transverse. Head and thorax

very black and shining, the former large, nearly or quite

as broad as the thorax, a little narrowed towards the front,

covered, except along the middle, with coarse and numerous,

but not dense punctures. Thorax much longer than broad,

distinctly narrower behind than in front: its width in

front nearly or quite as great as that of the elytra; on

each side the middle it has a dorsal series of about eight

large punctures, and outside this a curved series of eight

or nine punctures, and also a few scattered punctures near

the front. Scutellum black, impunctate, but distinctly

covered with fine waved lines. Elytra a little shorter

than the thorax, pale yellow, pitchy black on each side

the scutellum, and with this colour sometimes extending

along the suture; they are rather sparingly punctured

with moderately large and distinct punctures. Hind body

quite black, sparingly punctured. The legs are pitchy.

Underside of head strongly punctured except at the hinder

part.

In sandy districts. Simabara and Hiogo.

98. Xantholinus suffusus, n. sp. Nigro-ceneus, an-

tennis piceis, pedibus obscure rufis, elytris piceo-testaceis,

sutura apiceque dilutioribus, thorace fere longioribus, for-

titer punctatis; capite fortiter punctato; thorace serie

dorsali 8 vel 9 punctato, serie laterali iregulari 6—9

punctato. Long. 4—5 lin.

Smaller than X. japonicus, and tinged with a brassy

colour; the elytra longer, darker in colour, and more

strongly punctured. Antenne rather short and stout

pitchy or pitchy red; 3rd joint a little shorter than 2nd,

4—10 transverse. Head shining brassy black, quite as

Staphylinide of Japan. 53

broad as the thorax, coarsely but not densely punctured,

with an impunctate space along the middle; in front in

the middle, between the frontal channels, is a short obscure

channel, and the space here is finely strigose, so as to be

less shining than the other parts. Thorax narrower than

the elytra, shining brassy black, with a dorsal series of

about eight punctures, and with an irregular curved lateral

series of about the same number, and with some additional

punctures near the front. Elytra quite as long as, or even

a little longer than, the thorax, of a yellow colour, but

more or less suffused with a dark colour, so as to be some-

times almost entirely pitchy, generally with the suture and

extremity broadly pale yellow; they are coarsely and

moderately closely punctured. Hind body tinged with

brassy, sparingly punctured; legs reddish. Under side of

head rather coarsely, sparingly and regularly punctured,

and finely strigulose so as to be made somewhat dul.

Prosternum and margins of thorax dark red.

Abundant at Nagasaki.

99. Xantholinus mixtus, n. sp. Nigro-eneus, nitidus,

elytris eeneo-piceis, fortiter punctatis; antennis obscure

rufis, pedibus rufis; capite punctato, punctis e majoribus

et minoribus compositis, thorace serie dorsali circiter 9,

laterali circiter 7, punctatis. Long. 4 ln.

Closely allied to _X. suffusus, but rather narrower, with

the elytra more unicolorous, but easily distinguished by

the sculpture of the head. The large punctures of the

head are much smaller and are less numerous than in

suffusus, and mixed with them are a number of much

finer punctures; these fine punctures however are wanting

at the hinder part, and they appear to vary in their number,

but are always most numerous about the frontal furrows:

the head on the under side has some scattered large punc-

tures, as well as a large number of small punctures similar

to those of the upper surface.

Abundant at Nagasaki.

In certain specimens (probably males) of this and of

X. suffusus, the middle lobe of the 8th segment of the hind

body is depressed along the middle and has each of its

hinder angles a little produced.

100. Xantholinus pleuralis, n. sp. Niger, antennis

pedibusque rufis, elytris piceis margine dilutioribus; capite

54 Mr. David Sharp on the

parcius fortiter punctatis; thorace serie dorsali circiter 9

punctato. Long. 33 lin.

Allied to X. hesperius, but with shorter limbs, coarser

punctuation, and shorter and broader thorax. Antenne

short and stout, red; 3rd joint slightly shorter than 2nd,

5th evidently broader than .4th, 5—10 transverse. Head

nearly as broad as the thorax, a little narrowed towards

the front, shining black ; at the sides sparingly but coarsely

punctured. Thorax about as broad as the elytra, very

slightly narrowed behind, with a dorsal series of about 9

rather large punctures, with a curved lateral series, and

with some other punctures near the front angles. Elytra

a little longer than the thorax, pitchy with the margins

paler, moderately finely punctured, the punctures distinctly

with a tendency to linear arrangement. Hind body rather

coarsely punctured. Legs red.

Nagasaki ; three specimens.

101. Leptacinus flavipennis, Kr. Rare in rubbish

heaps at Nagasaki.

102. Xanthophyus (?) angustus,n. sp. ufo-testaceus,

nitidus, capite nigro, disperse punctato, abdomine apice

nigricante. Long. fere 2 lin.

Antenne reddish-yellow, a little thickened towards the

extremity; 2nd joint short, but nearly twice as long as the

small third joint, 4th joint small, about as long as broad;

from this to the 10th the joints are each of about similar

length, and each just a little broader than its predecessor,

so that 6—10 are transverse; 11th joint obtusely pointed,

about as long as the two preceding together. Head black,

with the mandibles and palpi reddish; it is narrow, elongate

and parallel, it is distinctly but not very coarsely, sparingly

punctured, the middle part impunctate. Thorax much

longer than broad, narrower than the elytra, distinctly nar-

rowed behind; it has on each side the middle a series of

about 10 punctures, and outside these numerous other

punctures; it is of a pale, transparent, reddish-yellow colour.

Elytra about as long as the thorax, of a yellowish colour

but somewhat infuscate, finely, sparingly and indistinctly

punctured. Hind body yellowish, with the segments on

the upper side infuscate in the middle, the two terminal

ones pitchy black, its punctuation is very sparing and in-

distinct. Legs yellow, metasternum infuscate; underside

Staphylinide of Japan. 55

of the head sparingly furnished with rather large punc-

tures.

Found once in great numbers in large fungi, growing on

fir trees at Hiogo, October 2nd, 1870.

Though I have not been able to consult Motschoulsky’s

description of the genus Xanthophyus, I possess a speci-

men of his X. serpentarius received by Mr. Janson from

Motschoulsky himself, and I have no doubt it is congeneric

with the insect here described. The more important of

the generic characters of X. angustus are these. External

frontal furrows of head obsolete, middle ones distinct and

moderately long; last joint of maxillary palpi subulate,

much shorter than the preceding jot; upper marginal

line of thorax wanting, except at the base; middle cox

moderately distant.

103. Lathrobium digne,n. sp. Alatum, subdepressum,

nigrum, nitidum, antenniselytrisque rufis, pedibus testaceis ;

thorace oblongo, fortiter punctato, elytris hoc longioribus

subtilius punctatis. Long. 4—44 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmentis ventralibus 6 et 7 medio longi-

tudinaliter impressis, hoe apice profundius triangulariter

exciso, emarginationis margine densius nigro-setoso.

Var.? Elytris nigris.

Rather closely allied to L. fulvipenne, but with the

elytra longer and brighter red. The antennz, and head

and thorax, are very similarly formed to the same parts of

fulvipenne; the punctuation of head and thorax is a little

coarser than in fulvipenne. The elytra are just a little

longer than the thorax, bright red, a little infuscated about

the scutellum, moderately sparingly and finely punctured.

The legs are yellow. :

The male has a deep triangular notch at the extremity

of the 7th segment beneath; each side of this notch pro-

jects backwards, forming an acute angle, and the margin of

the notch is very densely set with black pubescence ; both

the 6th and 7th segments are distinctly impressed along

the middle.

Five specimens: at Tango and Hiogo, in sandy places.

The variety alluded to will perhaps prove to be the repre-

sentative of a distinct species, but as I have only seen a

single female individual of it in bad condition, I cannot

speak positively.

104. Lathrobium nudum, n. sp. (L. multipunctato

affinis). Nigrum, nitidum, clytris fortiter, profundius

56 Mr. David Sharp on the

seriato-punctatis, apice anguste testaceis, antennis pedi-

busque rufis. Long. 3—3% lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 6° ventrali medio levi, basin

versus lineis (vel tuberculis) duobus brevioribus elevatis 3

7° anguste profundius exciso, medio canaliculé profunda

leevigata.

This species is rather closely allied to L. multipune-

tatum, but is differently coloured. Antenne red, formed as

in L. multipunetatum, but with the joints shorter. _Man-

dibles and palpi red. Head broad and short, shining

black, coarsely and moderately closely punctured, the

punctures on the middle part more sparing or wanting.

Thorax narrower than the elytra, shining black, coarsely

and moderately closely punctured, with a broad line along

the middle impunctate. Elytra longer than the thorax,

pitchy black, with a yellow blotch on each at the extremity,

closely and very coarsely punctured, the punctures dis-

tinctly but rather irregularly arranged in rows. Hind

body slender, closely and moderately finely punctured.

Legs red.

Nagasaki; not very rare.

105. Lathrobium partitum, n. sp. (L. multipunctato

affinis). Nigrum, nitidum, elytris basi chalybeo-nigris,

dimidio apicali testaceo, fortiter seriato-punctatis ; antennis

obscure rufis, pedibus piceis, tarsis rufescentibus.

Mas, abdomine segmentis ventralibus 5 et 6 medio

impressis, hoc margine posteriore emarginato; 7° apice

angustius exciso, medio longitudinaliter impresso, impres-

sione basi nigro-asperato.

Antenne pitchy red at the base, red at the extremity,

formed as in multipunctatum. Head about as broad as

the thorax, black and shining, coarsely and moderately

closely punctured, across the middle a space where the

punctures are more sparing or wanting. Thorax narrower

than the elytra, very black and shining, coarsely and

not closely punctured, with a broad line along the middle

impunctate. Elytra slightly longer than the thorax, the

basal half blue black, the apical half bright yellow, the two

colours abruptly divided; they are very coarsely punctured,

the punctures distinctly but rather irregularly arranged in

rows, and not so dense on the yellow as on the blue part.

ind body very black, closely and rather finely punctured.

Legs pitchy, the tibize rather paler than the femora, the

tarsi reddish,

Staphylinide of Japan.

“I

Very local; under tidal refuse, Nagasaki harbour.

Mr. Lewis has sent me also an example of a closely-

allied but distinct species from Kiu Kiang.

106. Lathrobium anguinum, n. sp. Depressum, piceo-

fulvum, elytris pedibusque dilutioribus; capite dense

punctato, opaco, medio impunctato; elytris thoracis longi-

tudine fortiter punctatis, nitidulis. Long 44 lin.

Mas latet.

Allied to LZ. angusticolle, but differently coloured, nar-

rower, and with shorter elytra. Antenne dull red, rather

long and slender ; 3rd joimt much longer than 2nd, 10th

twice as lgng as broad. Head rather broader than the

thorax, of a dull-reddish colour, densely and rather finely

punctured, with an impunctate shining space in the

middle. Thorax narrower than the elytra, longer than

broad, a little narrowed behind, similar in colour to the

head, but shining, strongly but not densely punctured, with

an impunctate line along the middle. Elytra narrow, a

little contracted at the shoulders, about as long, but

paler in colour than the thorax, lighter at the extremity

than at the base, coarsely and rather densely punctured,

but shining. Hind body opaque, densely and finely punc-

tured. Legs yellow.

A single female individual, from Tango, on the north-

west coast of Nipon.

107. Lathrobium Kobense, n. sp. (affinis L. labili).

Angustum, nigrum, nitidum, antennis, pedibus, elytrisque

apicem versus rufis; prothorace punctato, medio linea

lata impunctata ; elytris hoc longioribus, striato-punctatis.

Long. 2 lin.

Antenne long and slender, not thickened outwardly,

red; 3rd joint longer than 2nd, 4th—10th each a little

shorter than its predecessor. Head broader than the

thorax, oblong, rather coarsely but not densely punctured,

the punctures on the middle more widely separated than

at the sides. Thorax much narrower than the elytra,

straight at the sides, about twice as long as broad, with a

broad impunctate space along the middle, bounded on each

side by a row of closely-placed punctures, the sides outside

this line also punctured. Elytra longer than the thorax,

reddish, but much infuscate, except towards the extremity,

each with several rows of punctures ; the punctures finer

58 Mr. David Sharp on the

and more irregularly placed towards the extremity. Hind

body distinctly broader towards the extremity. Legs

ellow.

Kobé; two specimens.

108. Lathrobium scabripenne, nu. sp. Angustulum,

rufescens, capite elytrisque infuscatis, illo dense punctato,

subopaco; prothorace crebre obsoletius punctato, medio

lined impunctata; elytris prothorace longioribus, crebre

asperato-punctatis. Long. 2—2} lin.

Rather variable in colour, the antenne and thorax

reddish, and the elytra, head, and hind body of a similar

colour, but more or less infuscated. Antenne rather

stout, 3rd joint scarcely shorter than 2nd, 4—10 differing

little from one another, each rather longer than broad.

Mandibles and palpi red. Head slightly broader than the

thorax, entirely covered with a close and rather coarse

punctuation. Thorax narrower than the elytra, nearly

straight at the sides, not twice as long as broad, covered

with a close but obsolete punctuation, but with a narrow

line along the middle, smooth. Elytra longer than the

thorax, closely punctured, with a peculiar rough punctua-

tion. Hind body a little narrowed at the base, very

densely and finely punctured. Legs yellow.

The male has on the underside an extremely small

notch in the middle of the hind margin of the 7th abdo-

minal seoment.

Flying in the dusk at Nagasaki, March 7th.

109. Lathrobium stilicoides, n. sp. Nigrum, opacum,

elytris fusco-zeneis, thorace longioribus, hoc dense subtiliter

ruguloso-punctato; antennis obscure rufis, pedibus sordide

testaceis. Long. 34 lin.

Mas latet.

Allied to LZ. seabricolle, but with much longer elytra.

Antenne stout, dull red, with the middle joints dusky ;

3rd joint longer than 2nd, 10th longer than broad. Head

rather narrower than in scabricolle, and with its punctua-

tion very similar, but just a little denser and finer. Thorax

much narrower than the elytra, longer than broad, much

narrower towards the front, very densely and finely ru-

gosely punctured; very opaque. Elytra slightly longer

than the thorax, tinged with a brassy colour, finely and

rather densely punctured, Hind body very little narrowed

Staphylinide of Japan. 59

at the base, densely and finely punctured. Legs pale sordid

yellow. Re

A single female individual, from Mitzuyama, Nagasaki.

110. Lathrobium crassicorne, n. sp. Nigrum, capite

thoraceque opacis, fortiter ruguloso-punctatis ; antennis

piceo-rufis, pedibus rufis, elytris eneis, thoracis longitu-

dine. Long. 5 lin.

Mas latet.

Allied to ZL. stilicoides, but twice the size, much stouter

and more coarsely sculptured. Antenne very stout, dark

red, pitchy red at the base, the terminal half of the 11th

joint paler than the rest. Head broader than the thorax,

densely rugosely punctured. Thorax rather longer than

broad, the front angles entirely rounded ; it is a little nar-

rowed behind ; it is coarsely and densely rugosely punc-

tured. Elytra about as long as the thorax, of a brassy

colour, closely and finely punctured. Hind body very

densely and finely punctured, a little narrowed at the base.

Legs red. _

A single female individual, from Maiyasama, Hiogo,

July, 1871.

lll. Cryptobium apicatum, n. sp. Nigrum, puncta-

tissimum, subopacum, antennis pedibusque testaceis, elytris

apice summo rufescente. Long. 44 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmentis ventralibus 3 et 4 medio linea

elevat& transversé pube brevi vestita, 6° basi foveaé magna

setigera, 7° apice profundius triangulariter exciso.

This species is remarkable from its very dense and

coarse punctuation. Antenne yellow, rather shorter than

head and thorax, 10th joint longer than broad. Palpi

yellow, mandibles dark red. Head large, oblong, a little

broader than the thorax, coarsely and very densely punc-

tured, the hind angles rounded, the eyes prominent.

Thorax narrower than the elytra, much longer than broad,

a little rounded at the sides, and just a little narrowed

behind; it is very coarsely and closely punctured, but is

nevertheless distinctly shining, the punctures leave only

a very narrow space along the middle impunctate. KElytra

scarcely longer than the thorax, coarsely, deeply and

densely punctured, black, with the extremity rufescent.

Hind body black, closely and finely punctured. Legs pale

60 Mr. David Sharp on the

yellow, cox pitchy yellow. Under side of head coarsely

and moderately closely punctured, distinctly shining.

A mountain species, found under stones on Mitzuyama,

Nagasaki.

112. Cryptobium pectorale, n. sp. Subcylindricum,

fortiter punctatum, nigrum, elytris lete rufis, pedibus

albidis, antennis pectoreque rufis. Long. 3;—4 lin. |

Mas, abdomine segmentis ventralibus 3 et 4 medio linea

transversA pube brevi erecta, 6° medio profunde longitu-

dinaliter impresso, apice exciso, 7° profundius triangu-

lariter exciso.

Antenne slightly shorter than head and thorax, reddish-

yellow, 10th joint longer than broad. Mandibles and palpi

red. Head elongate and narrow, about as broad as the

thorax, the hind angles rounded, the eyes prominent; it

is dull, being entirely covered with coarse punctures.

Thorax much narrower than the elytra, cylindric, the sides

but little rounded; it is black and shining, coarsely punc-

tured with a broad impunctate line along the middle.

Elytra slightly longer than the thorax, bright red, the

extreme base blackish, this colour sometimes extending

along the suture; they are deeply and coarsely punctured.

Hind body black, finely and moderately closely punctured.

Legs very pale yellow, the cox reddish. The meso- and

meta-sterna red.

Common in marshes at Hiogo and Nagasaki.

113. Cryptobium japonicum, n. sp. Nigrum, nitidum,

pedibus sordide testaceis, antennis rufis, articulis inter-

mediis infuscatis; elytris thorace brevioribus, crebre for-

titer ruguloso-punctatis, subopacis. Long. 44—4 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali apice latius minus

profunde triangulariter exciso.

Antenne shorter than head and thorax, reddish, joints

3—6 darker in the middle, 3rd joint longer than 2nd,

10th about as long as broad. Palpi yellow. Head oblong,

about as broad as the thorax, shining black, very coarsely

and rather closely punctured, the punctures wanting to-

wards the front, the space between the antennal elevations

less shining because finely strigose. Thorax about as

broad as the elytra, longer than broad, straight at the

sides, shining black, coarsely byt only moderately closely

punctured, and with a broad space along the middle

Staphylinide of Japan. 61

smooth. Scutellum almost impunctate. Elytra a little

shorter than the thorax, densely and coarsely punctured,

Hind body rather coarsely and closely punctured. Legs

yellow, the coxz infuscate ; under side of head opaque,

because of a fine, dense indistinct sculpture; besides this,

with some rather large widely separated punctures.

I have seen but two specimens and some fragments of

this species ; but, besides, there is another individual which

I believe will prove to be the representative of a closely

allied but distinct species: it is smaller, has the joints of

the antennz shorter, and unspotted; as it is a female and

very closely allied to the preceding species, I will leave its

description till other specimens are found.

114. Stilicus ceylanensis, Kr. A common and variable

species.

115. Stilicus rufescens,u.sp. Opacus, rufescens, pedi-

bus elytrorumque apice testaceis, abdomine piceo; elytris

crebre subtiliter punctatis, disco punctis majoribus adjectis.

Long. 2 lin.

Allied to S. ceylanensis, but redder in colour, with the

elytra more distinctly punctured and less shining, and

with a number of additional large punctures on the disc of

each. The elytra also are distinctly longer in proportion

to their width than they are in ceylanensis. In other

respects it seems to be very similar indeed to the ceyla-

nensis.

Common.

116. Scopeus complex, n. sp. Rufo-testaceus, capite

elytrisque paulo obscurioribus, dense subtilissime punctu-

lata; prothorace basi minus distincte bi-impresso, elytris

hoc paulo longioribus. Long. 1? lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 6° ventrali latius profundius-

que impresso, apice profunde exciso, excisionis lateribus

densius breviterque nigro-setosis; segmento 7° fere sim-

plice.

Antenne rather long and stout, reddish, 3rd joint about

as long as 2nd, a little longer than the 4th. Head rather

long, quite as broad as the thorax, the base truncate; 1t Is

of a dull-reddish colour, generally a little darker in colour

than the other parts, extremely finely and densely punc-

62 Mr. David Sharp on the

tured. Thorax rather longer than broad, nearly as broad

as the elytra, the sides a little rounded, and very slightly

narrowed behind ; it is of a reddish-yellow colour, very

finely and obsoletely punctured ; the base in the middle is

very slightly elevated, and indistinctly impressed on each

side of the elevation. The elytra are a little longer than

the thorax, are of a yellowish colour, with the basal por-

tions vaguely infuscate or sordid ; they are very finely and

densely punctured, and not shining. ‘The hind body is a

little dilated towards the extremity, and is very finely and

densely punctured ; the legs are yellow.

In the male, on the under side, the 6th segment of the

hind body has a broad and deep impression before the

extremity ; the middle part is produced on each side, and

has a deep notch in the middle; the sides of this notch

are very densely fringed with very conspicuous short

black sete.

117. Scopeus virilis, n. sp. Rufo-testaceus, abdomine

infuscato, pectore elytrisque fuscis, his apice testaceis,

prothoracis longitudine ; abdomine apicem versus dilatato.

Long. 1? lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 6° ventrali emarginato, 7°

late profundeque exciso, excisionis angulis posterioribus

prominulis, intus curvatis, excisionis basi utrinque mem-

brand angusta intus oblique prominula.

This species much resembles the S. complex, but has

shorter elytra, and quite different male characters. The

antennee are reddish, moderately long, and stout; 3rd

joint scarcely so long as 2nd. Head as broad as the

thorax, distinctly narrowed in front, reddish, but darker

on the upper side, convex, extremely densely and finely

punctured, Thorax as broad as the elytra, scarcely rounded

at the sides, and but slightly narrowed behind, fin<ly but

not extremely densely punctured, and distinctly a little

shining, a little elevated in the middle in front of the scu-

tellum, and impressed on each side of the elevation. Elytra —

about as long as the thorax, densely and finely punctured,

infuscated at the base, and distinctly yellowish in their

apical portion. Hind body broad, extremely finely and

densely pnnetured, infuscated at the base, yellowish to-

wards the extremity. Legs yellow. Underside reddish-

yellow, with the breast and base of hind body smoky.

In the male, on the under side, the 3rd and 4th segments

Staphylinide of Japan. 63

of the hind body are a little impressed in the middle, the

6th has the hind margin slightly but very broadly emargi-

nate ; the 7th has a lar oe portion of its hinder part cut out,

so as to present a large gap in the middle; at each corner

of the base of this is a fine pointed membrane projecting

inwards, between these the base projects a little, and is

just a little emarginate; the hind portion of the gap is

distinctly narrowed by the produced sides being a little

turned inwards.

Three specimens (all males). Hiogo and Arima.

Obs.— Besides these three individuals, there is another

specimen which I believe will prove to belong to a distinct

species; it has the elytra and metasternum shorter, the

latter clear red; the male characters, if not the same as in

virilis, are extremely similar.

118. Scopeus lithocharoides,n.sp. Latior, parallelus,

fuscus, omnium dense subtilissimeque punctulatus, opacus ;

antennis palpisque rufis, pedibus testaceis. Long. 2 lin.

This species has greatly the facies of a Lithocharis of

the ochracea group. Antenne reddish, nearly as long as

head and thorax; 3rd joint longer and more slender than

2nd, 10th about as long as broad. Mandibles and palpi

yellow. Head rather darker in colour (on the upper side)

than the other parts, nearly black, just a little broader

than the thorax, densely and so finely punctured, that the

punctuation is scarcely visible. Thorax rather narrower

than elytra, straight at the sides, distinctly pentagonal,

about as long as broad, extremely finely and densely punc-

tured, with a fine smooth space along the middle. Elytra

longer than the thorax, of a dirty-brownish colour, finely

and closely punctured. Hind body a little narrowed at

the base, finely and closely punctured. Legs yellow.

In some specimens, which I believe to be males, the

hind margin of 7th segmeut of the hind body is a little

emarginate on the under side.

Rubbish heaps, Mogi Bay, near Nagasaki.

119. Scopeus basicornis, n. sp. Fuscus, thorace ob-

scure rufescente, antennis pedibusque testaceis, omnium

dense subtilissime punctulatus ; antennis articulis 1°, 2°-

que incrassatis, ceteris abrupte gracilioribus. Long. 4 lin.

This species, remarkable on account of the str yee of

64 My. David Sharp on the

its antenne, and from the fact that the head is not emargi-

nate behind, will probably ultimately prove to belong to a

distinct genus.* Antenne yellowish, short; the 2nd joint

extremely broad, three or four times the width of the

small and slender 3rd joint; the joints 3—10 are very

slender, the 11th joint a little broader than the preceding

ones. Palpi reddish. Head rather long and narrow,

distinctly narrowed in front, the base a little rounded; it

is rather darker in colour than the other parts, so that it

is nearly black, and it is extremely finely and densely

punctured. The mandibles are red. The thorax is dis-

tinctly narrower than the elytra; it is longer than broad,

is a little narrowed behind, of an obscure reddish colour,

excessively finely and densely punctured. Elytra parallel,

longer than the thorax, of an infuscate yellowish or brown-

ish colour, finely and densely punctured. Hind body not

narrowed at the base, extremely finely punctured. Legs

yellow.

The male has the hind margin of the 7th segment of

the hind body a little emarginate on the under side.

Three specimens (2 6, 1 ?) from rubbish heaps at

Nagasaki.

120. Lithocharis spectabilis, Kr.

A few specimens found in dung.

121. Lithocharis staphylinioides, Kr. I identify these

specimens with some doubts with Kraatz’s description.

Principally from the fact that the hind margin of the head,

though much emarginate on the under side, is but little so,

on the upper side.

In rubbish heaps at Nagasaki; common in the spring.

122. Lithocharis debilicornis, Woll. I am unable to

find any good character to distinguish the Japan indi-

viduals of this species from specimens I possess from the

Canary Islands, Egypt, and Persia.

* It is possible, indeed, that the Se. basicornis may prove to belong to

the genus Vhinocharis, Kr. (in which the structure of the antenne is

described to be as in this species), but I have scen no specimen of that

genus to compare with the S. basicornis, and am unable to ascertain, owing

to the small number of specimens at my command, if it possess the

characters of the trophi assigned to the genus Shinocharis by Kraatz.

Staphylinide of Japan. 65

123. Lithocharis Lewisia,n. sp. Picea, antennis pedi-

busque rufo-testaceis, elytrorum basi rufo-brunneo, abdo-

mine apicem versus dilutiore: capite opaco, prothorace

elytrisque evidenter asperato-punctatis. Long. fere 24

lin.

About the size of LZ. maritima, Aubé. This species is

remarkable on account of its sculpture, which consists not

of impressed punctures, but of raised points. The an-

tenn are reddish-yellow, rather stout, about as long as

head and thorax; 3rd joint more slender and longer than

than 2nd, of 4—10 each joint is distinctly shorter but not

broader than its predecessor, the 10th about as long as

broad. Head large, rather broader than the thorax, of

a blackish colour, densely and roughly punctured, not

shining, with an indistinct smooth line along the middle.

Thorax broader than long, a little narrowed behind, its

width in front about equal to that of the elytra ; its punc-

tuation is similar to that of the head, but is much less

dense ; it has a very fine smooth line along the middle.

Elytra much longer than the thorax, black, with the basal

portion reddish, roughly and moderately closely punctured,

a little shining, their hinder edge distinctly margined (as

in fuscula and allies.) Hind body pitchy at the base, but

yellowish at the extremity ; finely but not densely punc-

tured. Legs yellow. Hinder part of metasternum reddish.

A single ¢ individual taken on the sea-shore at Kobé.

124. Lithocharis prolixa, n. sp. Angustula, nigra,

antennis, pedibus elytrisque rufo-testaceis, his circa scu-

tellum nigricantibus. Long. 2 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 6° ventrali apice medio tuber-

culato-elevato, 7° apice latius exciso.

This species has somewhat the appearance of a Philon-

thus prolixus or a small Lathrobium. Antenne reddish,

rather shorter than head and thorax ; 3rd joint narrower

and scarcely longer than 2nd, of 4—10 each is distinctly

shorter but not broader than its predecessor, the 10th

about as long as broad. Palpi reddish. Head broader

than the thorax, black, finely and densely punctured, with

an almost invisible smooth line along the middle ; its

pubescence is fine but distinct, the tubercles over the

antenne are reddish. Thorax just a little narrower than

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PARTI. (FEB.) F

66 Mr. David Sharp on the

the elytra, about as long as broad, a little narrowed behind,

finely, densely and indistinctly punctured, with a smooth

line along the middle, which becomes indistinct towards

the front, and the basal part of which has a fine channel.

Elytra longer than the thorax, bright yellowish-red, with

a small triangular patch at the scutellum black, finely and

closely punctured. Hind body black, a little dilated

towards the extremity, very finely and densely punctured,

quite dull, Legs yellow.

In the male the hind margin of 6th ventral segment is

a little thickened in the middle, and has this part turned

downwards, so as to form a kind of projecting tubercle ;

the 7th segment has the hind margin broadly emarginate.

Under seaweed at Iwosima and Amakusa. (Nine indi-

viduals. )

125. Lithocharis parviceps, n. sp. ‘Testacea, capite

nigricante, abdomine ‘fusco ; dense subtilissime punctulata,

subopaca ; prothorace quadrato, medio linea subtiliore

impunctata. Long. vix 2 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 6° ventrali, margine posteriore

emarginato, medio breviter nigro-asperato, utrinque fasci-

cula nigra incurvata; 7° omnium latius profundiusque

€XCISO.

Allied to Z. ochracea. Antenne reddish-yellow, rather

slender. Head small, black, densely and extremely finely

punctured. Thorax narrower than the elytra, quadrate,

yellowish, but rather redder in colour than the other parts,

extremely finely and densely punctured with a smooth line

along the middle. Elytra longer than the thorax, dirty

yellow, densely and very finely punctured. Hind body

extremely densely and finely punctured, pitchy yellow.

Legs yellow.

Common.

Obs.—I should have supposed this species to be the

LL. nigriceps of Kraatz, except that he says nothing of the

fascicle of elongate black hairs which is conspicuous on

either side of the emargination of the 6th ventral segment

of the hind body, in the male.

126. Lithocharis dissimilis, n. sp. Robusta, nigra,

antennis pedibusque rufis, his femoribus infuscatis, elytro-

rum apice testaceo ; fortiter asperato-punctata, prothorace

valde transverso. Long. vix 2 lin.

Staphylinide of Japan. 67

This species has somewhat the facies of a Sunius latus,

but I am not acquainted with any Lithocharis it resembles

at first sight. Antenne rather short and slender, yellowish;

3rd joint not longer than 2nd, 10th joint as long as broad.

Palpi reddish. Head large, quite as broad as the thorax,

black, not shining, densely and roughly punctured, the

disc is convex ; the eyes are large and prominent. Thorax

nearly twice as broad as it is long, a little narrowed be-

hind, its width in front quite equal to that of the elytra; it

is roughly and rather closely punctured, the punctuation

consisting of fine raised tubercles; these are dull, while the

interstices separating them are shining. Elytra much

longer than the thorax, somewhat shining, blackish with

the extremity yellow, rather coarsely rugosely punctured.

Legs yellowish, with the femora infuscate, the tarsi slender,

their 4th joint even more slender than the 3rd.

One female specimen, found in a rubbish heap at

Nagasaki.

127. Acanthoglossa(?) setigera,un.sp. Fulvo-testacea,

nitidula, fortiter punctata, antennis pedibusque testaceis ;

abdomine lato subtiliter punctato. Long. 13—12 lin.

I am not acquainted with the genus Acanthoglossa, Kr.,

and place this insect therein only provisionally, as I am

unable to ascertain properly its generic characters, and can

place it in no other described genus.

Of a broad Boreaphilus like form. Yellowish in colour,

and furnished with a few very conspicuous long outstand-

ing sete. Antenne rather short, distinctly a litle

thickened towards the extremity; Ist joint elongate,

almost as long as the three following together, 3rd joint

more slender than 2nd, about equal to it in length, 4—10

each a little shorter than its predecessor, 10th joint dis-

tinctly transverse, 11th joint stout, broader than 10th.

Head rather broader than the thorax, distinctly narrowed

in front, very coarsely punctured, the interstices forming

fine reticulations; the eyes convex, moderately large.

Thorax a little narrower than the elytra, distinctly nar-

rowed behind, all the angles and the front margin much

rounded, so that it appears suborbiculate. Elytra broad

and short, a little contracted at the shoulders, longer than

the thorax, coarsely punctured, shining. Hind body very

coarsely margined at the sides, finely and indistinctly

punctured, the 6th segment almost impunctate. Legs

F 2

68 Mr. David Sharp on the

pale yellow, only moderately long, the femora rather

stout.

Two specimens (a third I unfortunately lost); under

dead leaves at Maiyasama, Hiogo.

Mesuntus, nov. gen. Pederini (juxta Sunium locandus).

Labrum medio quadridenticulatum.

Palpi maxillares articulo ultimo vix distinguendo.

Tarsi articulo 4° bilobo.

Mandibles very elongate and slender, the basal half of

each with three teeth, the upper one elongate, the lower

one very short. Labrum very broad, in the middle with

a notch, on each side of which is a distinctly projecting

tooth, and outside this is another tooth separated by a

shallow notch from the other. Maxillary palpi long and

slender, 2nd joint very elongate and slender, 3rd elongate

and but little thickened, rather shorter than the second,

4th joint invisible. Antenne slender, not geniculate, with

the two basal joints (more particularly the Ist) stouter

than the others. Head with a narrow neck. Tyes small.

Thorax with the sides rounded and not angulate. Hind

body dilated. Posterior tarsi with the basal joint elongate,

the 4th joint bilobed.

The insect for which I establish this genus is clearly

allied to the Sunius pulcher of Aubé. In Von Heyden’s

** Entomologische Reise nach dem sud. Spanien,” the

S. pulcher (or a closely allied species) is figured as belong-

ing to the genus Mecognathus, Woll. This, however, is

anerror. The S. pulcher, Aubé, belongs to a genus quite

distinct from Mecognathus, Woll., and possesses indeed-

all the characters I have assigned above to the genus

Mesunius, in which genus it should therefore be placed

for the present, though I believe the Algerian insect

will ultimately prove to be generically distinct from the

Japanese one.

128. Mesunius Wollastoni,n.sp. Niger, fortiter punc-

tatus, tenuissime pubescens, antennis pedibusque testaceis,

illis basi rufis, prothorace basi medio bi-impresso ; elytris

hoc brevioribus. Long. 3 lin.

Antenne rather shorter than head and thorax, yellow,

with the basal joints redder than the others; 3rd joint very

slender, twice as long as 2nd, 4—10 each distinctly

shorter than its predecessor, 10th joint slender, three times

Staphylinide of Japan. 69

as long as broad; mandibles reddish. Palpi yellow.

Head broad and short, the part in front of the eyes being

short, convex behind, the hinder angles entirely rounded,

shining pitchy black, coarsely, closely and regularly punc-

tured. Thorax intermediate in width between the head

and elytra, rounded at the sides, and narrowed both in

front and behind; it is longer than broad, it is shining

pitchy black, coarsely and moderately closely punctured,

the punctures at the base coarser and not so close; with a

slight elevation in the middle in front of the scutellum,

and an obscure impression on each side of it (as in

Scopeus). Elytra abbreviated, narrowed at the shoulders,

shorter than the thorax, coarsely and closely punctured.

Hind body dilated in the middle, closely punctured, the

punctuation of the basal segments rather coarse, of the

apical ones fine, the basal segments sometimes pitchy red.

Legs pale yellow.

The male has a small notch in the middle of the hind

margin of the 7th ventral segment of the hind body.

Four specimens; under dead leaves. Maiyasama,

Hiogo, July, 1871.

NEOGNATHUS, nov. gen. (juxta Swntum locandus).

Labrum medio anguste excisum utrinque vix den-

tatum.

Caput collo tenuissimo. Prothorax medio angulatus,

antrorsum abrupte angustatus.

Antenne tenuissimz, recte.

Tarsi posteriores articulo primo elongato, 4° bilobo.

This interesting genus is readily distinguished from

Sunius by the form of its head and thorax. Labrum with

a small notch, and apparently without tooth, but on

examination, with the microscope, it is found that the

notch is bounded on each side by a minute double tooth,

the external portion of which is more prominent than the

internal. Maxillary palpi elongate, 3rd joint slender, and

not much incrassate. Mandibles extremely slender; from

below the middle of each proceeds a long slender curved

tooth, this tooth furnished with two small sharp teeth on

the inner side near its base. Eyes rather large and pro-

minent. Base of the head entirely rounded, furnished

with an extremely narrow neck, which however is lable

to be thought larger than it really is, owing to its being

encased by a supplementary piece attached to the anterior

70 Mr. David Sharp oz the

part of the thorax. Thorax with its anterior third

suddenly and abruptly constricted. Anterior femora a

little dilated. Hind tarsi with the basal joint elongate,

the 4th joint bilobed.

Sunius pulchellus, Kraatz (from Ceylon), belongs to

this genus.

129. Neognathus angulatus, n. sp. Angustulus, nigri-

cans, elytrorum apice, antennis pedibusque testaceis, his

geniculis tibiisque quatuor anticis plus minusve infuscatis.

Long. 2 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali, apice medio, tri-

angulariter exciso, 6° latius minus profunde semicircu-

lariter exciso.

Var. castaneus, pedibus tote testaceis, capite thoraceque

infuscato, abdomine ante apicem nigricante.

Very closely allied to N. pulchellus, Kr., but with quite

different male structure of the 6th ventral segment; also

with the antenne rather longer and more slender, the

elytra a little longer, and also with some slight colour dis-

tinctions. The antenne are long and very slender, pale

yellow, joints 2—5 sometimes infuscate, sometimes not

paler than the rest. Head blackish, broader than the

thorax, densely and rugosely punctured. Thorax with

its greatest width in front of the middle, where it is equal

to the elytra; it is considerably narrowed behind; it is of a

blackish colour, coarsely, densely, and rugesely punc-

tured. lytra rather shorter than the thorax, black, with

the extremity pale yellow, coarsely and rather closely

punctured, but distinctly shining. Hind body slightly

dilated towards the extremity, rather closely punctured.

Legs pale yellow, the extremity of the femora a little

pee ae as are also the four front tibiz; hind tarsi very

one.

_ The pigmentary matter is liable to be more or less defi-

cient, as in Sunius angustatus.

: Nagasaki, one specimen of type, and one of pale form ;

posh China, two individuals of type, and one of the pale

orm.

130. Sunius latifrons, n. sp. Elongatus, niger, sub-

opacus, fortiter punctatus ; antennis pedibusque albidis;

ae elytris latiore, illis prothoracis longitudine. Long.

og Un.

Staphylinide of Japan. 71

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali producto, apice

medio anguste profundius exciso, 6° margine posteriore

late emarginato, emarginationis margine nigro-setoso.

Antennz nearly as long as head and thorax, pale yellow,

slender, the extremity a little thickened, third joint one

and a half times as long as 2nd. Palpi pale yellow,

mandibles red. Head very large, broader than the elytra,

the eyes large and convex ; it is very coarsely punctured,

so that the interstices are only fine reticulations; in the

middle of each puncture is a very fine tubercle. Thorax

narrower than the elytra, much longer than broad, and

much rounded at the sides; its sculpture similar to that of

the head, but coarser. Elytra about as long as the thorax,

coarsely, closely and rugosely punctured. Hind body a

little dilated towards the extremity, rather sparingly punc-

tured. Legs white.

Three specimens, found at Nagasaki by beating trees.

131. Sunius histrio, n. sp. Elongatus, niger, sub-

opacus, fortiter punctatus, antennis pedibusque albidis;

capite elytris latiore, illis prothorace paulo longioribus.

Long. 3 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali, apice medio,

minus profunde triangulariter exciso, 6° simplice.

This insect so greatly resembles the S. latifrons in

every respect, that I could scarcely distinguish it there-

from, except by the male characters, which are very dif-

ferent. It is, however, a rather larger and broader species,

with the thorax rather broader and more rounded at the

sides, the elytra a trifle longer, and also with the joints of

the antenne slightly longer.

Two specimens, 1 ¢, 1 ¢. Found in Mitzuyama,

Nagasaki.

132. Sunius brevipes, n. sp. Fulvo-testaceus, opacus,

: I

antennis pedibusque testaceis, abdomine segmentis ultimis

duobus nigricantibus; elytris thorace paulo longioribus.

g geo)

Long. 1} lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali, apice medio,

anguste triangulariter exciso.

This species belongs to the bimaculatus group, and is

the smallest species I know of the group; at the same

time it is rather robustly formed, and has the antennz and

72 Mr. Dayid Sharp on the

legs shorter and stouter than usual. Antenne yellow,

the apical joints bead-like; 3rd joint longer than 2nd,

about equal to the 4th, 10th a little stouter than 9th, only

a little longer than broad, 11th joint distinctly broader

than 10th. Head rather broader than the thorax, of a

tawny colour, not much constricted in front, the eyes only

moderately prominent; it is densely punctured and not

shining. Thorax rather narrower than the elytra, shorter

than the head, similar in colour to it, considerably nar-

rowed behind; densely punctured, not shining. LElytra

distinctly longer than the thorax, and slightly paler in

colour, densely and rugosely punctured, just a little less

dull than head and thorax. Hind body densely punctured,

the 6th segment black, and the 7th also infuscate. Legs

short and stout, yellow. Metasternum short, coarsely

punctured. ‘The 7th segment of the hind body in the

male is furnished on the under side with a narrow but

rather deep triangular notch.

Orakami Marsh, Nagasaki.

Obs.—Two individuals differ from the rest, in being

just a little longer and narrower, with the apical joints of

antennz and elytra a little longer, and it is possible they

may prove to be a different species.

133. Suntus oculatus, n. sp. Testaceus, vix nitidus,

abdomine dense subtiliter punctato, segmento sexto nigro;

elytris thorace longioribus. Long. 12 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali, apice medio, trian-

gulariter exciso.

Closely allied to .S. brevipes, but certainly quite distinct

from it by the following characters. Paler in colour,

rather more elongate and fragilely formed, the antenne a

little longer, the eyes markedly convex and large, the

elytra a little longer and more shining, the hind body

more constricted at the base and more finely punctured,

with the 7th segment paler in colour; the metasternum

longer and less coarsely punctured, the notch of the 7th

segment in the male broader.

Though I have seen only one female specimen of this

species from Japan, Mr. Lewis has sent me several others

from China.

Found with S. brevipes.

134. Sunius bicolon, n. sp. Elongatus, angustus, tes-

taceus, elytro singulo apicem versus, plag nigra elongata,

Staphylinide of Japan. 73

abdomine segmento 6° toto, 7°que basi nigro. Long.

2 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali apice triangu-

lariter exciso.

This very narrow and elongate species resembles our

European bimaculatus, but is quite distinct from it.

Antenne pale yellow, long and slender; 3rd joint much

longer than 2nd, 10th joint scarcely visibly stouter than

the 9th, quite twice as long as broad; 11th joint slender

and elongate, stouter than the 10th, about three times as

long as broad. Head rather broader than the thorax,

densely punctured and not shining, the eyes large and

prominent, their hind margin distant from the hind angle

about as far as the length of the eye. Thorax much nar-

rower than the elytra, much longer than broad, much

narrowed behind. LElytra long and narrow, distinctly

narrower at their extremity, roughly and moderately

closely punctured, a little shining; each one has a narrow

elongate black dash commencing about the middle of

each and extending towards but not reaching the apex;

this mark is in some specimens obsolete. Hind body very

elongate and narrow, distinctly broader towards the ex-

tremity, rather closely and distinctly punctured; the 6th

seoment black, and the 7th also dark except towards the

extremity. Legs very pale yellow.

Two specimens, Orakami Marsh, Nagasaki.

Also from China. One of these specimens is marked as

found in dung.

135. Sunius suffusus, n. sp. Elongatus, fulvus, capite

prothoracis lateribus, abdominis apice pectoreque nigri-

cantibus; antennis, pedibus elytrisque testaceis. Long.

2h.

Mas, abdomine segmento ventrali, apice medio, an-

guste exciso; 6° margine posteriore emarginato, emargi-

natione subtiliter nigro-setoso, medio ante emarginationem

indistincte longitudinaliter impresso.

Antenne very long and slender, 3rd joint much longer

than 2nd, 4—10 each one considerably thicker at the ex-

tremity than at the base. Head broader than the thorax,

of a tawny colour, but greatly suffused with black, densely

punctured and dull; eyes large and prominent, remote

from the hinder angles. Thorax longer than broad,

greatly narrowed behind, its width in front about equal to

aft

74 Mr. David Sharp on the

that of the elytra; it is of a tawny red colour, marked at

the sides with black; it is coarsely punctured and not

shining. Elytra coarsely punctured, of a dirty-yellow

colour, but little longer than the thorax. Hind body

elongate and narrow, coarsely and closely punctured, of a

tawny-red colour, the two apical segments black. Legs

yellow. Breast black, with the mesosternum in the middle,

and also the metasternum at the extremity in the middle,

reddish.

Nagasaki. Two specimens. In a third individual the

thorax is suffused with black, as are also the basal seg-

ments of the hind body.

136. Sunius chloroticus, n. sp. Fulvo-testaceus, an-

tennis, elytris pedibusque pallidis; capite dense minus

fortiter punctato, elytris thorace paulo brevioribus. Long.

2+ lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali apice anguste pro-

fundeque exciso; 6° margine posteriore late semicircu-

lariter emarginato, emarginatione evidenter nigro-spinoso,

spinis validis, numero circiter 16.

Antennz pale yellow, rather long and slender, the

apical joint only slightly stouter. Head tawny yellow,

densely but not so coarsely punctured as usual, quite dull;

the eyes very remote from the hind angles. Thorax

similar in colour to the head, rather narrower than the

elytra, longer than broad, a little narrowed behind, coarsely

punctured. Llytra pale yellow, slightly shorter than the

thorax, rather coarsely punctured, a little shining. Hind

body yellow, coarsely punctured. Legs pale yellow.

The male characters (as described above) are very re-

markable.

Five specimens.

137. Pederus Powerit, Lewis (nct described). Apterus,

niger, elytris brevissimis nigro-cexruleis, antennis pedibus-

que rufo-testaceis, his femorum apice angustissime nigro.

Long. 6—7 lin.

_Antennz rather longer than head and thorax, yellow,

distinctly pilose; 3rd joint quite twice as long as 2nd,

6—10 each distinctly shorter than its predecessor. Head

broad and short, rather broader than the thorax, shining

black, sparingly punctured; eyes small but prominent,

palpi yellow, mandibles pitchy. Thorax very convex,

Staphylinide of Japan. 75

suborbiculate, a little longer than broad, very shining

black, very sparingly punctured. Elytra very short and

narrow, much shorter and narrower than the thorax, dark

bluish or greenish, sparingly and coarsely but obsoletely

punctured. Hind body dilated from the base towards the

extremity, shining black, very sparingly punctured. Legs

yellow, with the extreme. point of the femora black.

Metasternum extremely short, extremity of middle cox

almost reaching the base of the hind coxz.

Beaten off trees at Kawatchi in September and Oc-

tober, 1871.

This fine insect has been named by Mr. Lewis in honour

of his friend Dr. Power, who is so well known for his

persevering labours in discovering new and rare species of

British Coleoptera.

138. Pederus mixtus, n. sp. (P. tamulo, Ey. affinis).

Alatus, niger, capite elytrisque chalybeis, thorace abdomi-

nisque segmentis 4 primis rufis; palpis antennisque basi

testaceis, mandibulis piceo-testaceis. Long. 3—4 lin.

This species is evidently closely allied to P. tamulus,

Er., a species I know only by description, but Erichson’s

description is not characteristic of this species in one or

two points. ° P. miztus is about the size and form of

P. longipennis, but is differently coloured, and has the

thorax more narrowed behind, &c. &c. Antenne slightly

longer than head and thorax, black, the two basal joints

yellow, but more or less infuscate. Mandibles pitchy

yellow (they appear black when closed, owing to the outer

edge being darker in colour than the other parts). Head

quite as broad as the thorax, eyes prominent; it is dark

blue, the punctuation rather close and distinct except on

the disc. Thorax a little longer than broad, distinctly

narrowed behind, finely but distinctly punctured, except

along the middle, which is impunctate. Elytra scarcely a

fourth part longer than the thorax, dark blue, with a

distinct white pubescence, moderately, strongly and not

closely punctured. Legs entirely black.

Observed once in some numbers in the marsh at Naga-

saki; also in China, descending as far south as Hong

Kong.

139. Pederus Ide, Lewis (not described). Alatus,

niger, mandibulis, thorace, abdominis segmentis 4 primis

76 Mr. David Sharp on the

pedibusque rufis, his geniculis infuscatis, antennis basi

testaceo apice infuscato. Long. 3—33 ln. |

Variat tibiarum, antennarumque colore, interdum fere

testaceo, interdum piceo.

Extremely closely allied to our P. longipennis, being

similar in size and colour, and varying in the same

manner in the colour of the limbs, . Jd@ has the head

always broader, and the eyes more prominent, the punc-

tuation of the head more distinct, the articulations of the

antenne distinctly longer, and the elytra just a little

shorter than in longipennis.

This species is abundant in Japan and China, and I

have also specimens of it from Bangkok and Lombock,

so that it is widely distributed in the eastern regions of

the old world. Mr. Lewis says, ‘‘ In immense profusion

in China and Japan. I have seen it just at dusk on the

banks of the Yangtze in small clouds, on the wing.”

140. Cdichirus Lewisius, n. sp. Rufo-testaceus,

nitidus, capite, elytris, abdominisque apice nigris, geni-

culis anguste piceis; elytris prothoracis longitudine.

Long. 34 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali, apice medio, late

subsymetrice emarginato, emarginationis latere sinistro

postice magis producto, et acuminato.

This species is of the size and colour of G. pederinus,

but is readily distinguished by its quadrate elytra, but

slightly narrowed at the shoulders, and by its more

sparingly. punctured thorax and elytra. The head has a

few coarse punctures on the disc; it is about as broad as

the thorax. The thorax is much narrower behind; it has

on each side of the middle an irregular longitudinal series

of six or seven coarse punctures, and three or four other

coarse punctures on each side. The elytra are just as

long as the thorax, their base coarsely punctured, their

extremity free from punctures. The legs have the knees

for a narrow space pitchy, the hind tibiz are rather long

and much dilated at the extremity.

A single individual found at Simabara, in March,

1870.

141. Gidichirus Ide, Lewis (not described). Rufo-

testaceus, nitidus, capite, elytris, abdominisque apice

Staphylinide of Japan. 77

nigris; elytris prothorace paulo longioribus. Long. 34

lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali, apice medio late,

FER asymetrice emarginato, emarginationis latere sinistro

postice magis producto, et acuminato.

This elegant insect is in all respects very closely allied

to the @. Lewisius, and differs from it only as follows:

The @. Ide is ee more robust, has the limbs a little

shorter, the knees not or scarcely Pears. and the elytra

a little longer.

Under stones in the spring on Mitzuyama, Nagasaki.

142. Pinophilus insignis, n. sp. Niger, subopacus,

pedibus flavis; dense punctatus; thorace subquadrato,

basin versus leviter angustato. Long. 7 lin.

Allied in form and appearance to P. latipes, but very

distinct from it by the very dense punctuation of the

thorax. Antennz rather shorter than head and thorax,

yellow, with the extremity of each joint, except the basal

ones, a little darkened. Palpi pale yellow, mandibles

pitchy. Head rather narrower than the thorax, the back

part densely and coarsely punctured and opaque, the front

part shining, but with some coarse punctures on each side,

and also with some small and fine ones scattered over it.

Thorax in front as broad as the elytra, distinctly narrowed

behind, its length quite as great as its width at the front

angles; it is densely and coarsely punctured, and has

along the middle a very narrow smooth line, which how-

ever does not extend to the front margin. Llytra slightly

longer than the thorax, densely and rather coarsely punc-

tured. Hind body rather coarsely and closely punctured.

Legs pale yellow, the front femora infuscate beneath, and

the front tibize also infuscate in the middle; the front tarsi

extremely dilated, and with the membranous part produced

behind.

Orakami Marsh, Nagasaki; a single female specimen,

from which most of the pubescence has been removed.

143. Pinophilus Lewisius, n. sp. (P. brevicolli affinis).

Niger, antennis brevioribus, palpis pedibusque testacels ;

prothorace crebre fortiter punctato, leviter transverso,

elytris latiore. Long. fere 4 lin.

Rather narrower than P. brevicollis, with shorter elytra

and more coarsely punctured thorax, &c. Antennx short,

78 Mr. David Sharp on the

pale yellow, joints 4—10 differing little from one another,

moniliform. Palpi yellow, terminal joint very elon-

gate, mandibles reddish. Head much narrower than the

thorax, black, coarsely but not densely punctured, a space

in the middle near the front impunctate. Thorax broader

than the elytra, rather broader than long, very convex

transversely, coarsely and rather closely punctured ; its

pubescence extremely fine, short and scanty. Elytra

about as long as the thorax, black, coarsely and closely

punctured. Hind body slender, moderately, closely and

distinctly punctured, with a distinct dark pubescence.

Legs yellow.

A single specimen only, found on the summit of Mitzu-

yama, Nagasaki, April 22nd, 1870.

144, Pinophilus rufipennis, n. sp. Niger, antennis

pedibusque flavis, illis articulis extrorsum infuscatis,

elytris rufis basi lateribusque nigris, abdomine apice rufo-

ferrugineo, Long. 5—54 lin.

Antenne shorter than head and thorax, yellow, each

joint except the two basal ones with the apical portion a

little infuscate. Palpi pale yellow, mandibles reddish-

yellow. Head small, narrower than the thorax, the eyes

placed very near the hind angles; it is coarsely punctured,

and between the large punctures are some very fine ones.

Thorax quite as long as broad, of the width of the elytra,

not narrowed behind, rather closely punctured; between

the large punctures are placed very fine ones; it has only

a very rudimentary trace of a middle line, at the base of

which is placed a very fine and short, not very easily seen,

channel. LElytra distinctly longer than the thorax, red,

with the base and inflexed margin black, closely and

deeply punctured, not shining. Hind body rather closely

and distinctly punctured, the extreme hind margin of the

6th segment, and the whole of the 7th and 8th segments,

red. Legs yellow; cox pitchy.

The male seems scarcely to be distinguished by external

characters from the female.

Common in marshes at Hiogo and Nagasaki. Also —

found in China.

145. Evesthetus nitidulus, n. sp. Fulvus, nitidulus,

obsolete punctatus, pectore nigricante ; prothorace fortiter

bi-impresso. Long. 2 lin.

Of a shining tawny colour, with the breast darker. An-

Staphylinide of Japan. 79

tenn and palpi yellow, the former with the 9th joint

rather larger than the 8th, the 10th much larger than the

9th. Head considerably narrower than the thorax, its

punctuation a little stronger than that of the other parts.

Thorax narrower than the elytra, very short, greatly con-

stricted behind the middle, transversely impressed just in

front of the base, finely channelled along the middle, the

disc on each side with a deep and very large impression;

there are also two large punctures near the front margin

in the middle, and another larger puncture on each side.

Elytra broad, scarcely longer than the thorax, shining, very

finely punctured. Hind body scarcely visibly punctured.

Legs yellow.

Three specimens, all (I think) females, found at Naga-

saki in the month of March.

STENZSTHETUS, noy. gen. (Stenini.)

Tarsi antici et intermedii quinque-, posteriores quadri-

articulati.

This interesting genus is intermediate in appearance

between Evesthetus and Stenus.

Labrum horny. Mandibles long, slender and curved,

each one with a long pointed tooth in the middle. Maxil-

lary palpi with the 1st joint long and slender, geniculate

at its point of insertion; 2nd joint slightly longer than the

Ist, a little thickened in the middle; 3rd joint longer than

2nd, distinctly dilated, elongate oval, with the base pro-

duced; 4th joint extremely fine and minute. Paraglossz

very elongate and linear; 1st joint of labial palpi concealed

in my preparation behind a projecting portion of the

mentum; 2nd joint short and broad, oval; 3rd joint very

minute, subulate. Antenne extremely slender, the two

apical joints stouter than the others. Thorax subcylindric,

very finely margined at the sides; prosternum large, ante-

rior cox small, and but little exserted. Mesosternum

forming a neck received into the thorax. Middle coxse

small, nearly contiguous. Hind coxe conical, but with

the base a little produced on the outside. Hind body

stout, cylindric, scarcely margined at the sides. Legs

very slender, anterior and middle tarsi five-jointed ; pos-

terior tarsi with four joints, the basal one very elongate

(showing with a microscopic examination no sign of con-

striction or division), the basal joint as long as the others

80 Mr. David Sharp on the

together. The antepenultimate joint of all the tarsi

simple.

146. Stenesthetus suniotdes. Brunneus, subopacus,

capite, thorace, elytrisque crebre fortiter punctatis, abdo-

mine omnium dense subtilissimeque punctato, antennis

pedibusque testaceis. Long. 14 lin.

Mas, abdomine segmento 7° ventrali longitudinaliter

fisso, 6° late triangulariter impresso.

Antenne rather short, extremely slender except the

basal joint (or two joints); the 10th joint elongate, stouter

than the 9th, 11th joint also elongate and stouter than the

10th. (I assume these organs to be 11-jointed, but have

quite failed to get a clear view of the four or five basal

joints.) Palpi pale yellow. Head large, with the eyes

a little broader than the thorax, the front even, rather

coarsely and closely punctured; the eyes moderately large,

placed very near the back of the head, coarsely facetted.

Thorax narrower than the elytra, longer than broad, con-

siderably narrowed behind; it is densely and rather coarsely

punctured, even and unimpressed. L[lytra broad and

short, considerably shorter than the thorax, rather coarsely

punctured, a little shining. Hind body very stout, cylin-

dric, more elevated than the other parts; it is extremely,

finely and densely punctured and shining, and its pubes-

cence is so fine and short as to be almost invisible. This

curious little insect reminds one of the Suni, but has no

outstanding sete.

Four specimens, found on Mitzuyama, March, 1870.

Also from North China.

147. Stenus tenuipes,n. sp. Nigro-subchalybeus, dense

profundeque punctatus, subtiliter albido-pubescens, palpis

articulo primo testaceo, 2° fusco-testaceo, 3° fusco-nigro ;

elytris macula sat magna fulva. Long. 24 lin.

Of the slender form of 8. biguttatus, but with the femora

thinner, the spot on the elytra larger, and the thorax more

cylindric, and the palpi not quite so darkly-coloured.

Antennz long and slender, generally pitchy in the middle.

Head deeply excavate, as in biguttatus, the raised line at

the bottom of the excavation more distinct. Thorax

narrow and elongate, with a short, but deep and distinct,

channel or impression in the middle at a considerable dis-

tance from the base. Elytra a little longer than the thorax,

Staphylinide of Japan. 81

each with a distinct rather large yellowish spot, placed

much as it is in biguttatus, but twice as large as in that

species. Legs long, very slender; the femora notably very

slender; they are nearly black, but the trochanters are

pitchy red. The metasternum is rather coarsely punc-

tured. The male characters are very similar to those of

biguttatus, but both the notch of the 7th segment, and the

emargination (or depression) of the 6th, are a little nar-

rower.

Found on the shore at Hiogo, and also at Kiu Kiang,

China.

148. Stenus alienus,n. sp. Nigro-subzeneus, dense pro-

fundeque punctatus, antennis pedibusque fusco-testaceis,

palpis testaceis articulo ultimo piceo, elytris macula parva

fulva. Long. 24 lin.

Rather smaller and even more slenderly formed than

the S. tenutpes, readily distinguished by the colour of the

legs and by the smaller spot on the elytra. Antenne long

and slender, the basal joint black, the rest pitchy yellow.

Palpi yellow, with the terminal joint pitchy. Head deeply

excavate, with a fine but distinct elevated line at the bottom

of the excavation. Thorax long and narrow, a little dilated

in the middle, very coarsely punctured, with a short, but

deep and distinct, channel (or rather elongate fovea) behind

the middle. Elytra not longer than the thorax, very

coarsely punctured, with a small yellow spot on the middle

of each. Hind body very slender, coarsely punctured.

Legs very long and slender, of a sordid-reddish colour.

The male has a rather large notch at the apex of the

ventral plate of the 7th segment of the hind body. The

6th segment is emarginate at the extremity, deeply im-

pressed in front of the emargination, with the sides of this

impression strongly elevated; the extremity of the 5th

segment is distinctly depressed.

Found in sandy places at Simabara and Osaka.

149. Stenus verecundus,n.sp. (Sec. I. A. Er.) Niger,

nitidulus, minus evidenter albido-pubescens, palpis articulo

basali pallido, dense fortiterque punctatus; thorace oblongo,

fere eequali, elytris hoc longioribus, abdomine parcius sub-

tiliter punctulato. Long. 13 lin.

Rather closely allied to S. cinerascens, Er., but differing

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.) G

82 Mr. David Sharp on the

as follows: —the head has the sulci a little more evident,

the central part therefore more distinctly elevated ; the

thorax is longer, more cylindric, and rather more even,

and the elytra are longer, and the articulations of the an-

tenn are alittle longer; the sculpture and pubescence are

extremely like those of cinerascens, the former is just a

little coarser on the head and thorax; the structure and

sculpture of the hind body are extremely like those of

cinerascens, and the legs are also very similarly formed,

but the tarsi are just a little more slender.

In the male the hind margin of the ventral plate of the

7th abdominal segment is truncate at the extremity and

obsoletely emarginate.

150. Stenus Lewisius,n.sp. (Sec. I. A. Er.) Niger,

nitidulus, albido-pubescens, palpis basi pallidis, fronte ex-

cavata, medio acute elevata, prothoracis disco impresso et

minus dense punctato; elytris hoc paulo longioribus, fortiter

profundeque punctatis; abdomine crebre minus distincte

punctato, femoribus basi obscure fuscis. Long. 24 lin.

A very distinct species from any I am acquainted with.

Palpi with the basal joint yellow, this colour also extending

to the commencement of the 2nd joint. Head with large

convex eyes, broader than the thorax, but much narrower

than the elytra; the vertex considerably excavate, along the

centre of the excavation with a strongly elevated and well-

defined interstice. Thorax longer than broad, much nar-

rower than the elytra, considerably narrowed behind, and

dilated at the sides, its greatest width at, or slightly behind,

the middle; its punctuation is irregular, it being more

sparing about the disc than at the base and sides; it has

near the middle an ill-defined impression. The elytra are

rather longer than the thorax, coarsely and deeply punc-

tured, the interstices shining ; they are depressed along the

suture ; outside this depression, near the base, somewhat

elevated, the punctures on this elevated part more sparing.

Hind body much pointed, the three carinz at the bases of

segments 2—6 well marked ; it is moderately closely, but

not strongly, punctured, and its white pubescence is more

marked than that of the front parts. The legs are rather

long and slender, apparently black, but when examined

found to be a little pitchy.

On the underside the male has a notch at the extremity

of the 7th segment; the 6th segment has the hind margin

Staphylinide of Japan. 83

emarginate, and is impressed in front of the emargination,

the sides of the i impression acutely elevated, but these ele-

vations short ; the 5th segment is also a little flattened at

the extremity, where it is more finely punctured and pu-

bescent.

A single specimen, found on Mitzuyama, Nagasaki.

151. Stenus macies,n. sp. (Sec. I. A. Er.) Elongatus,

gracilis, niger, nitidulus, fortiter ruguloso-punctatus, eapite

elytris latiore, Fe onte excavata, medio late obsolete elevata ;

pedibus elongatis, rufo-fuscis. Long. 23 lin.

This very distinct species is allied to S. proditor, though

extremely distinct therefrom. Palpi pitchy, with the first

joint and base of the second yellow. Head broader than

the elytra; vertex excavated, the middle at the bottom of

the excavation broadly but slightly elevated. Thorax

narrower than the elytra, longer than broad, the sides in

the middle much dilated, coarsely and very densely punc-

tured, the interstices rugulose. LElytra about as long as

the thorax, coarsely and rug gosely punctured. Hind body

slender, the basal segments rather coarsely, the apical

ones more finely punctured. Legs very long, dusky red,

the lower half of the femora, and a large portion of the

tibiz, being infuscate.

In the male on the under side the hind margin of the

7th segment of the hind body is emarginate ; the 5th and

6th segments are broadly and deeply ‘impressed along the

middle, the sides of the impressed parts densely clothed

with fine yellow pubescence; the 3rd and 4th segments are

also a little impressed or flattened.

A single individual, found at Nagasaki.

152. Stenus puberulus,n. sp. (Sec. I. A. Er.) Plumbeo-

niger, densius albido-pubescens, palpis articulo primo

testaceo, pedibus fuscis, femoribus basi rufescentibus ;

thorace oblongo, equali, elytris hoe haud longioribus,

abdomine obsolete punctato. Long. 12 lin.

This species is very similar to S. zncanus, in structure,

form, sculpture and pubescence, but it has the elytra much

shorter, and the legs differently coloured. Head very

similar to that of imcanus but with the vertex a little

excavate. Palpi black, with the basal joint pale. Thorax

longer than broad, a little narrowed behind, closely but

not coarsely punctured, with a distinct white pubescence ;

84 Mr. David Sharp on the

its form and sculpture and pubescence almost exactly as

in incanus, but the punctuation is denser. Elytra almost

shorter than the thorax, very closely but not coarsely

punctured. Hind body just as in éneanus, that is to say,

only indistinctly punctured, but distinctly pubescent, the

transverse depressions on the basal segments well marked.

Legs with the femora reddish at the base, otherwise much

infuscate but not quite black, formed as in incanus, the

posterior tarsi just a little more elongate.

The male has on the underside the hind margin of the

7th ventral segment of the hind body emarginate; the

6th, also emarginate at the extremity, depressed in front

of the emargination, the depressed part with conspicuous,

long, white pubescence.

Two specimens found on Mitzuyama, Nagasaki.

153. Stenus japonicus, n. sp. (\S. opaco, Er. peraffinis).

Niger, subopacus, dense punctatus, palpis fusco-testaceis,

basi testaceis, pedibus rufis, tibiis tarsisque infuscatis ;

fronte lat& obsolete bisulcata, thorace subrotundato, ab-

domine densius punctato. Long. 1% lin.

This species has all the structural characters of S. opacus,

Er. It is just a little larger, has the palpi and legs paler,

the legs rather longer and more slender, the tarsi with

just the structure of those of S. opacus (except for being

a little longer and more slender), that is to say, they have

the fourth joint distinctly bilobed, but with the lobes

excessively short and not divergent.

The male has a broad but shallow notch at the extremity

of the ventral plate of the 7th segment of the hind body,

and the 6th segment has the hind margin a little emar-

ginate. The femora are not (or scarcely) thicker than in

the female.

Abundant in the neighbourhood of Nagasaki.

154, Stenus sexualis, n. sp. (Sec. I. A. Er.) Niger,

geneo-micans, palpis pedibusque flavis. Long. 1) lin.

_Mas, antennis piceis, articulis duobus basalibus

nigris.

= : : a, ‘

Fem., antennis obscure testaceis, apice infuscatis.

This little species is clearly the representative in Japan

of our S. circularis. It is of the same size and form as

that species, but it is brassy, and the lees are paler and

more slender, the tarsi being much longer. The upper

Staphylinide of Japan. 85

part of the head is not concave, but is distinctly bisulcate.

The thorax is quite as long as broad (much longer than

in circularis), considerably rounded at the sides, very

densely punctured, the dise with an indistinct channel or

fovea. The elytra are longer and much broader than

the thorax, coarsely and closely punctured. The hind

‘body is formed as in circularis, very pointed at the ex-

tremity, the segments greatly impressed at the base ; its

punctuation is indistinct. The legs are yellow, the hind

tarsi long and slender.

Besides the colour of the antennz the male is distin-

guished from the female by a slight emargination of the

hinder edge of the ventral plate of the 7th segment of the

hind body.

Half-a-dozen specimens.

155. Stenus rugipennis,n. sp. S. impresso affinis, sed

fortiter magis rugoso-punctatus. Nigro-eneus, subnitidus,

pedibus flavis, antennis palpisque testaceis, apice infuscatis ;

prothorace disco ineequali. Long. 2 lin.

This species is in structure and colour closely allied to

S. impressus, but is quite differently sculptured. The

antenne are not so long as in 7mpressus; they are yellow,

with the basal joint black, and the club a little infuscate ;

the palpiare yellow; with theit apical joint a little infuscate.

Tlead formedas in impressus, but equally punctured allover,

the punctures being scarcely more remote on the middle

elevation than elsewhere. Thorax formed as in ¢mpressus,

more densely and strongly punctured, without central

channel, but with the indistinct impressions on the upper

surface so closely placed as to render the surface uneven.

Elytra slightly longer than the thorax, coarsely and very

closely rugosely punctured; towards the sides obsoletely

impressed, the punctuation in the impressed part more

irregular than elsewhere. Hind body very pointed at the

extremity, closely and very coarsely punctured. Legs

yellow, not so long as in impressus, but otherwise similarly

formed.

In the male the 7th segment of the hind body has its

hind margin on the under side emarginate.

Found among dead leaves at Copper Temple, Nagasaki.

156. Stenus cicindela, n. sp. (Sec. II. B. Er.) Niger,

nitidus, grosse profunde equaliter punctatus, parce pubes-

86 Mr. David Sharp on the

cens, antennis palpisque testaceis, pedibus flavis, femoribus

apice tibiisque basi late nigris, abdomine parcius punctato.

Long. 2}—3# lin.

The above diagnosis is that given by Erichson to cha-

racterise S. cicindeloides ; it applies completely to Japanese

individuals of a species of Stenus. These so greatly re-

semble European specimens of cicindeloides that they

would generally be pronounced unhesitatingly as con-

specific therewith, and yet a careful examination has re-

vealed to me certain differences which have led me to

separate the two with confidence. In the Japanese insect

the head is not quite so broad, for though the eyes are

even larger, and more convex than in the European insect,

the space by which they are separated is less; the thorax

is a little more rounded at the sides and therefore less

cylindric ; the elytra are just a little longer; the articula-

tions of the antennz are longer, and the hind tarsi are

longer and more slender, this being especially notable

when the basal joints of the two are compared.

Very abundant in Southern Japan and North China.

157. Stenus hirtellus,n.sp. (Sec. II. B. Er.) Niger,

nitidus, pube tenuissime erect parcius vestitus, fortiter

punctatus; antennis, pedibus, palpisque testaceis, illarum

clava infuscataé. Long. 14 lin.

Intermediate between S. contractus and cicindeloides.

Antenne thickened from the 6th joint to the extremity,

the slender joints yellow, the others darker. Palpi yellow.

Head rather small, but a little broader than the thorax, in-

distinctly bisuleate. Thorax not much more than half as

broad as the elytra, about as long as broad, considerably

rounded at the sides, shining black, coarsely and closely

punctured, with a small smooth shining space in the middle.

Elytra longer than the thorax, broad and outstanding,

closely and extremely coarsely punctured, shining black.

Hind body slender in proportion to the elytra, regularly

narrowed from the base to the extremity, which is quite

pointed ; it is very coarsely punctured, and is remarkable

on account of the very fine, distinct, upright pubescence with

which it is sparingly clothed. Legs yellow, the extremity

of the femora just a little clouded.

The male has an extremely minute notch at the extremity

of the ventral plate of the 7th segment of the hind body;

the 6th segment is a little flattened before the extremity,

Staphylinide of Japan. 87

the flat part more densely and finely punctured and pubes-

cent.

Orakami Marsh, Nagasaki.

158. Stenus oblitus,n. sp. (Sec. II. B. Er.) Niger,

nitidulus, parcius albido-pubescens, crebre fortiter punctatus,

palpis antennisque testaceis, harum clava infuscata; pedibus

fuscis, tibiis basi albidis, femoribus basi rufo-testaceis.

Long. 14 lin.

Resembles S. hirtellus, but distinguished from it by

the want of any upright pubescence, by the less inflated

elytra, by the colour of the legs, and by its finer and

closer sculpture. Antenne yellow, with the slender club

infuscate ; palpi yellow, the apical joint a little dusky.

Head small, only a little broader than the thorax ; front

flat, obsoletely bisulcate, in the middle at the back with a

small, smooth, shining space. Thorax a little longer than

broad, not much more than half the width of the elytra,

closely and rather coarsely punctured. LElytra longer

than the thorax, shining black, coarsely and rather closely

punctured. Hind body pointed at the extremity, closely

and moderately coarsely punctured. Femora reddish-

yellow, with the extremity infuscate ; tibize and tarsi pitchy,

the former white at the base.

Kobé ; two specimens (both I think females).

159. Stenus dissimilis,n. sp. (Sec. II. B. Er.) Niger,

fortiter punctatus, vix nitidus; antennis, palpis, pedibus-

que testaceis, femoribus apice obscurioribus, elytris thoracis

longitudine. Long. 14 lin.

This little species reminds one of S. fuscipes, or opti-

cus with yellow legs, but is to be placed near paganus,

Er. The antenne are dark yellow, short. Palpi yellow.

Head broad, even a little broader than the elytra; the front

is broad and flat, quite close to the eyes a little depressed

on each side. Thorax narrower than the elytra, rather

longer than broad, considerably rounded at the sides,

coarsely and densely punctured. Llytra at the suture

rather shorter than the thorax, and scarcely longer at the

sides; they are a little impressed at the base within the

shoulders, so as to make the humeral angles rather promi-

nent; they are coarsely and closely and very deeply punc-

tured. The hind body is not strongly pomted at the

extremity, it is very coarsely punctured; the legs, in-

88 Mr. David Sharp on the

cluding the tarsi, are yellow; the apex of the femora a

little clouded.

The only specimen I have seen is probably a male; if

so, the sexual characters are but little evident.

160. Stenus rufescens, n. sp. (Sec. II. B. Erichson.)

Rufo-testaceus, abdomine apice fusco, oculis permagnis,

nigris; fortiter punctatus, elytris thorace brevioribus.

Long. vix 2 lin.

This distinct and remarkable species may be placed in

the neighbourhood of S. latifrons. It is of narrow

build, with very large eyes; it is pale reddish-yellow in

colour, the extremity of the hind body and the apical

joints of the antenne infuscate. The head is rather

deeply sulcate on each side near the eyes, the central part

broad, moderately convex; the convex part sparingly punc-

tured. The thorax is rather broader than long, dilated

in front of the middle, considerably narrowed behind ; it

is coarsely punctured, its surface a little uneven. Llytra

shorter than the thorax, coarsely punctured, rounded at

the sides so as to be distinctly contracted at the shoulders.

The hind body is slender, pointed at the extremity, rather

sparingly punctured; the basal segment rather coarsely,

the apical ones very finely, punctured. The legs are

yellow; the lobes of the fourth joint of the tarsus are

rather long, slender, and closely applied to the following

joint, so that on a superficial examination the tarsi might

be supposed to be simple.

In the male the femora are a little thickened, the me-

tasternum at the extremity is densely punctured and deli-

cately pubescent; segments 4, 5 and 6 of the hind body are

each depressed towards the extremity, the depressed parts

more densely and finely pubescent than the other parts ;

the 7th segment has a shallow notch at the extremity.

Two specimens; found under dead leaves on Maiyasama.

161. Stenus currax, n. sp. (Sec. II. B. Erichson.)

Niger, nitidus, fortiter punctatus ; antennis, palpis, pedi-

busque pallide testaceis. Long. 24 lin.

We have no European species (that I know of) at all

closely allied to this; it is much more slender and shining,

and more strongly and sparingly punctured than is 9.

oculatus. Antenne long and slender, entirely pale yel-

low. Palpi also long and slender, very pale yellow. Head

Staphylinide of Japan. 89

slightly narrower than the elytra; the eyes large; it is a

little flattened but scarcely excavate between the eyes, the

middle part a little raised, coarsely punctured. Thorax

much narrower than the elytra, cylindric, slightly nar-

rowed behind, its greatest width in front of the middle,

coarsely and closely punctured, but quite shining. Elytra

along the suture rather shorter than the thorax, their

length at the sides decidedly greater than at the suture,

shining black, and very coarsely punctured ; the punctures

not so close at the extremity as at the base. Hind body

narrow and elongate, the basal seements constricted at the

base, and in the constricted part with a glittering white

pubescence; the basal segments only moderately strongly,

the apical ones finely and sparingly, punctured. Legs

long, moderately stout, entirely pale yellow.

The male has on the underside a deep notch at the

extremity of the 7th segment of the hind body, and has

the pubescence on the 5th and 6th seements more marked

in the middle near the extremity than elsewhere.

Five specimens ; found among dead leaves at the Copper

Temple, Nagasaki.

162. Oxyporus angularis, Gebl. A single specimen

only of an Oxyporus has been brought back by Mr. Lewis.

It appertains apparently to one of two species which I

possess from Eastern Siberia. The O. angularis of Gebler

has been united to mazillosus as a variety thereof; but

these specimens at any rate are distinct from mazillosus.

Kawatchi, September.

163. Osorius angustulus, n. sp. Nigro-piceus, elytris

rufo-brunneis, antennis pedibusque rufis, capite rugoso ;

thorace crebre fortiter punctato, lined longitudinali media

levigata. Long. 23—3 lin.

Antennz as long as the head and half the thorax, red,

the first joint narrower in the middle than at the extremity,

about as long as the four following joints together; 3rd

joint rather shorter than 2nd ; 6th much broader than 5th ;

7—10 about similar to one another; each about as long

as broad. Head, except the back part, irregularly rugose,

and subopaque ; the hinder part of this rugose portion di-

vided in the middle by a smoother space; the part of the

head in front of the insertion of the antennz deflexed, and

reddish. Thorax rather broader than the elytra, shining

black, with the margins reddish, very coarsely punctured,

90 Mr. David Sharp on the

but with a space along the middle smooth. Elytra just

about as long as the thorax, of a reddish colour, coarsely,

but irregularly, and not deeply nor closely, punctured.

Hind body rather finely punctured, and sparingly clothed

with fine yellow hairs.

Five specimens, found under cow-dung in the month

of May, at Nita, near Nagasaki.

164. Bledius fragilis, n. sp. Testaceus, capite thoraceque

nigricantibus, antennis elongatis gracilibus, fronte foveo-

lato; thorace fortiter punctato, medio canaliculato. Long.

13 lin.

This species is related to B. verres, and some of its

Egyptian allies. Antenne long and slender, pale yellow,

the elongate club a little darker; Ist joint very elongate,

with its apical half incrassate; joints 2—6 slender,

8—10 scarcely so long as broad. Mandibles reddish,

elongate and extended. Head dull black, with an obtuse

prominent yellow tubercle over the insertion of each

antenna, the vertex with a small fovea in the middle.

Thorax pitchy, rather shining, about as broad as the

elytra, broader than long, the hind angles very obtuse; it

is rather coarsely but not deeply punctured, and has a fine

channel along the middle. Elytra longer than the thorax,

shining yellow, rather closely and moderately finely

punctured. Hind body yellowish, with the 7th segment

infuscate, almost impunctate. Legs long, pale yellow.

Simabara; single individual.

165. Bledius lucidus, n. sp. Rufus, nitidulus, capite

nigricante; elytrorum apice, abdomineque apicem versus

fuscis, antennis pedibusque testaceis, prothorace fortiter

punctato, medio profunde canaliculato. Long. 2 lin.

Antenne yellow, 3rd joint much shorter than 2nd,

joints 8—10 a little transverse. Head nearly black, quite

dull, and only obsoletely punctured. Thorax a little

narrower than the elytra, rather broader than long, much

narrowed behind, the hind angles almost wanting; it is

shining red, rather coarsely and sparingly punctured, with

a narrow, deep and well-defined dorsal channel along its

whole length. Elytra longer than the thorax, shining

reddish-yellow, the hinder angles broadly infuscate ; they

are coarsely and rather closely punctured. Hind body

dilated towards the extremity, but with the dorsal seg-

ments (especially the penultimate ones) infuscate. Legs

Staphylinide of Japan. 91

pale yellow, the anterior and middle’ tibix stout and

strongly spined, the hind tibiw slender, sparingly and

finely spined.

Tomatzu, Nagasaki; two specimens, and also two others

from China.

166. Bledius orphanus, n. sp. Niger, sat nitidus, .

antennarum basi, elytris pedibusque testaceis, femoribus

infuscatis; thorace dense fortiter punctato, medio canalicu-

lato, elytris subtiliter punctatis, thorace paulo longioribus.

Long. 14 lin.

This species in colour and size resembles B. arenarius,

but has a very different thorax. Antenne rather long, the

two or three basal joints yellow, the rest infuscate; 1st joint

long and curved, as long as the four or five following joints

together, 2nd joint twice as long as 3rd, 5—10 each a little

stouter than its predecessor, the penultimate joints rather

strongly transverse. Mandibles reddish, slender, porrect.

Head dull black, the antennal tubercles but little elevated.

Thorax black, about as broad as the elytra, scarcely broader

than long, the hinder angles very obtuse; it is coarsely

and very closely punctured, and has a fine channel along

the middle. lytra pale yellow, a little infuscate about

the scutellum, scarcely longer than the thorax, finely and

closely punctured. Hind body quite black. Legs rather

stout, yellow, with the femora pitchy.

Kobé, a single specimen, found on the shore.

167. Platysthetus operosus, n. sp. Niger, nitidus,

elytris piceis, pedibus testaceis, femoribus infuscatis ; capite

sat crebre minus fortiter punctato, maris apice bispinoso ;

elytris thorace brevioribus, parce subtiliter punctatis,

alutaceis. Long. 13 lin.

Allied to P. cornutus, but smaller and with the head

less strongly punctured. Antenne black, 3rd joint much

shorter than 2nd, the penultimate joints scarcely trans-

verse. Head with the clypeus shining and impunctate,

the rest of the upper surface rather finely and not closely

punctured ; the vertex with an impression in the middle,

and a small fovea on each side. Thorax quite as broad as

the elytra, rather finely and sparingly punctured, shining

black, with a deep channel along the middle, the hind

angles entirely rounded. Elytra rather shorter than the

thorax, pitchy in colour, less shining than the other parts,

92 Mr. David Sharp on the

being distinctly alutaceous, with a few fine punctures

scattered over them. Hind body shining black, impunc-

tate. Legs yellow, with the femora infuscate.

Four specimens.

168. Oxytelus crassicornis, n. sp. _Nigro-piceus, ely-

tris pedibusque testaceis, antennis validis, fuscis, basi rufis ;

mandibulis elongatis, porrectis; capite antice excavato,

thorace margine laterali minus evidenter crenulato. Long.

2 lin.

This remarkable insect bears a superficial resemblance

in general form to O. insecatus; it will probably have to

be separated as a distinct genus when Ozyteli are properly

studied. Antenne long and stout, gradually thickened

from the 4th to the 10th joint, the three basal joints red,

the others dusky; from the 4th to the 10th joint, each is a

little longer and stouter than its predecessor, the 10th joint

about as long as broad. Head slightly broader (in the male?)

than the thorax, or slightly narrower (in the female ?);

the sides very thick and convex, so that the front appears

excavated; at the back of this depressed part are two

longitudinal elevations; the mandibles are reddish, elon-

gate and conspicuous. The thorax is nearly as broad as

the elytra, very transverse ; itis punctate-rugose, with two

strongly elevated lines along the middle, and also with

another rather shorter elevation on each side of these; the

elevated parts are smooth and shining, the sides are finely

crenulate. The elytra are but little longer than the

thorax, pale, shining yellow, rather sparingly and finely

punctured. Legs pale yellow, anterior tibie long and

slender, distinctly narrowed at the extremity.

Three specimens.

169. Oxytelus levior, n. sp. Fusco-testaceus, niti-

dulus, antennarum basi pedibusque pallide testaceis, ely-

tris testaceis ; parcius strigosus, thorace trisuleato. Long.

14 lin.

An aberrant species of the sculptus group. Antenne

rather long, the four basal joints yellow, the others clouded;

Ist joint about as long as the four following together, 4th

joint very minute, 5th intermediate in size between 4th

and 6th, 6—10 about equal to one another, not transverse.

Head of a reddish colour, distinctly but not coarsely

sculptured, the eyes not reaching to the hinder angles.

Staphylinide of Japan. 93

Thorax transverse, about as broad as the elytra, a little

narrowed behind, of a shining-reddish colour like the

head, distinctly trisuleate, the lines bounding the middle

groove broad and flat ; it is distinctly punctate-strigose at

the sides, the sculpture on the middle parts very scanty.

Elytra longer than the thorax, of a shining-yellowish

colour, sparingly but rather distinctly strigose. The

breast is blackish, except that the metasternum at the

extremity is red in the middle. The legs are pale yellow,

the anterior tibize slender, only slightly constricted before

the extremity.

In the male there is, on the underside of the 7th seg-

ment of the hind body, a small fovea, placed quite at the

extremity ; the sides of this fovea are a little elevated, and

project a little beyond the hind margin.

A single specimen ; found at Hiogo.

170. Oxytelus opacifrons, u. sp. Testaceus, subopacus,

capite fere toto nigro, fronte medio lineola impressa; thorace

anguste nigro-marginato, elytris dense subtiliter strigosis,

sutura nigricante. Long. 24 lin.

Closely allied to O. nigriceps, Kraatz, but differing as

follows: O. opacifrons is not shining, the head is quite

opaque and very obsoletely punctured; the lines of the

thorax are less elevated, and the elytra much more densely

and finely sculptured. The antenne are yellow, 5th joint

larger than 4th, and 6th than 5th ; joints 6—10 distinctly

transverse, and differing little from one another. Head

narrower than the thorax, dull black, the elevations over

the antenne reddish; it is almost impunctate, and has a

small fovea or short indistinct channel at the back in the

middle. Thorax yellowish, narrowly margined with black,

with four indistinct longitudinal elevations; the middle

ones entire, the lateral ones abbreviated ; it is indistinctly

strigose, the elevated parts slightly shining. Elytra

yellowish, with the suture black, finely and indistinctly

strigose. Hind body dull yellowish, scarcely punctured.

Legs pale yellow.

Abundant in dung.

171. Oxytelus nigriceps, Kr.

A single specimen.

94 Mr. David Sharp on the

172. Oxytelus japonicus, Mots.

Common in dung, on the sandy coast of Simabara.

173. Oxytelus cognatus, n. sp. (O. sculpturato per-

affinis). Niger, parum nitidus, pedibus testaceis, thorace

trisulcato; capite fortiter strigoso, antice sublzevi, vertice

profunde foveolato. Long. 23 lin.

Closely allied to O. sculpturatus, rather larger and

broader than that species, and with the sculpture rather

coarser, the impression at the back of the head larger. In

the male on the under side the hind margin of the 6th

segment is notched in the middle and is distinctly promi-

nent on each side of the notch; otherwise this ventral plate

is flat, and presents no trace of the abrupt transverse im-

pression in front of the notch, which is so conspicuous in

sculpturatus.

Six specimens ; found in dung at Nagasaki and Hiogo

(no doubt a common species).

174. Oxytelus vicinus, n, sp. (O. sculpturato affinis).

Niger, nitidulus, thorace profunde trisulcato; capite for-

titer strigoso, vertice foveolato, antice in mare lvigato ;

pedibus testaceis. Long. 2 lin.

This species is closely allied to seulpturatus and cog-

natus. It differs from the former by its more shining

head, more coarsely sculptured head and thorax, and by

the male characters. From cognatus it differs by its

rather smaller size, by its more shining surface, more

acute thoracic elevations, and by the fact that the male

has on the under side of the 6th ventral segment of the

hind body a small fovea.

Abundant at Nagasaki.

175. Oxytelus mimulus, n. sp. (O. inusto affinis).

Niger, nitidulus, capite thoraceque punctato-strigosis,

illo vertice foveolato, hoc minus profunde trisuleato ; elytris

fortiter strigosis, pedibus testaceis. Long. 2 lin.

Allied to O. inustus, but differs by its more coarsely

sculptured head and thorax, the more evidently foveolated

vertex, and by the male characters: the thoracic channels

too are different, the middle one being more distinct, the

lateral ones more indistinct: in this respect it resembles

Staphylinide of Japan. 95

O. maritimus, from which it differs widely by the sculpture

of its elytra. The male has on the under surface of the

ventral plate of the 6th segment of the hind body a distinct

fovea, the lateral margins of which towards the extremity

are a little elevated.

Abundant at Nagasaki.

176. Oxytelus Lewisius, n. sp. Rufus, nitidulus, fortiter

punctatus, fronte antice profunde transversim impress,

thorace obsolete trisulcato, tibiis anticis gracilibus, integris.

Long. vix 1 lin.

Antenne yellow, short, greatly thickened towards the

extremity ; joints 3—5 very small, 6—10 transverse, 9 and

10 distinctly larger than the preceding ones. Head with

a very broad and deep transverse impression between the

insertion of the antenne, this part smooth and shining.

Thorax very transverse, twice as broad as long, but little

narrowed behind, the hind angles rather obtuse but well

marked ; it is of a shining-yellow colour, rather strongly

punctured, in the middle with a broad channel, which is

however only visible on the front half, the lateral channels

scarcely to be detected. lytra short but distinctly longer

than the thorax, rather coarsely punctured. Hind body

impunctate. Lees slender, pale yellow.

A single individual found under bark at Nagasaki.

177. Oxytelus laticornis, n. sp. (O. depresso affinis).

Niger, opacus, pedibus testaceis, subtiliter strigosus; tho-

race lineis elevatis nitidulis, tibiis anticis integris. Long.

1 lin.

This species closely resembles O. depressus, but is not

quite so dull as that species; the sculpture of the upper

surface, though very similar in character to that of depressus,

not being quite so fine; the elevated lines on the thorax

are distinctly shining, and the antenne are stouter. An-

tenn black, much thickened towards the extremity; 5th

joint a little transverse, 6—10 strongly so, 9th and 10th

joints particularly large. Head dull, densely and finely

strigose, with a very fine fovea on the vertex. Thorax

with the central lines well marked and shining, the lateral

ones much less distinct but also a little shining. Elytra

pitchy black, densely and finely strigose. Hind body dis-

tinctly a little shining, very finely punctured. Legs quite

yellow.

96 Mr. David Sharp on the

The male has a strongly elevated line or tubercle on

the middle of the ventral plate of the 7th abdominal

segment.

Four or five individuals from Nagasaki; probably

abundant.

178. Boreaphilus Lewisianus,n. sp. Niger, subopacus,

dense punctatus, brevissime pubescens; elytris thorace fere

duplo-longioribus, antennis palpisque fusco-rufis, pedibus

rufis. Long 1% lin.

This very distinct species is larger than any yet de-

scribed, and is remarkable on account of its comparatively

small head. Antenne dusky red, very slightly thicker

from the base to the extremity ; all the joints longer than

broad. Head rather broader than the thorax, very densely

punctured, the eyes very prominent. Thorax only half as

broad as the elytra, much longer than broad, with a pro-

jection on each side in front of the middle, very densely

punctured. LElytra very long, parallel, very densely punc-

tured. Legs reddish-yellow.

Kobé ; one specimen only.

179. Boreaphilus japonicus, n. sp. Ferrugineo-testa-

ceus, nitidulus, parcius pubescens; elytris fortiter punctatis,

antennis articulis nullis transversis. Long. 14 ln.

Much allied to B. Henningianus, and just about the

same size and form, but paler in colour, more shining,

more sparingly punctured, the joints of the antennz longer,

the thorax broader, &c. Antennz yellow, very slightly

indeed thickened towards the extremity; all the joints

longer than broad. Head large, nearly twice as broad as

the thorax, rather sparingly and finely punctured, with

two large deep impressions near the front; eyes promi-

nent. ‘Thorax only about half as broad as the elytra,

angulated at the sides, abruptly constricted in front of the

angulated part, considerably narrower behind it to the

base; it is moderately closely punctured, and has a fovea

or impression on the disc. Elytra one and a half times as

long as the thorax, dilated towards the extremity, coarsely

punctured, shining.

Four specimens, found under dead leaves in different

localities near Nagasaki.

Staphylinide of Japan. 97

180. Lesteva fenestrata, n. sp. Fusca, nitidula, sub-

tiliter punctata, antennis elongatis basi rufis, elytro singulo

basin versus macula indeterminata rufa. Long. 12 lin,

This species is very distinct by reason of the markings

of the elytra, and the very long and slender antenne. In

form and sculpture it resembles LZ. pubescens. Antenne

very slender, reaching half-way to the back of the elytra ;

the two basal joints yellow, the middle ones infuscate, the

apical ones a little paler again. Head small, greatly nar-

rower than the thorax, densely punctured, deeply sulcate

on each side. ‘Thorax only half as broad as the elytra,

broader than long, much narrowed behind, finely and

closely punctured, with two ill-defined impressions on the

disc, and a third transverse one behind these. Elytra

more than twice as long as the thorax, shining, very deli-

cately pubescent, closely punctured, each one with an ill-

defined reddish spot near the base. Legs red.

Two specimens. JXawatchi.

181. Olophrum simplex, nu. sp. Piceum, capite nigri-

cante, thorace elytrisque flavescentibus, his seepius late

infuscatis ; antennis pedibusque testaceis, illis medio late

infuscatis ; elytris thorace duplo longioribus, crebre, minus

fortiter, subseriatim punctatis. Long. 13—2 lin.

This insect appears to be quite as much allied to Deli-

phrum tectum as to the species of Olophrum, and will

probably ultimately have to be assigned to a genus inter-

mediate between the two. The tibiz are slender and very

feebly spined. Antennz rather slender, longer than head

and thorax, scarcely at all thickened towards the extremity,

yellowish, the intermediate joints more or less infuscate; 3rd

joint rather longer than 2nd, 10th rather longer than broad.

Palpi yellow. Head small, not much more than half as

broad as the thorax, black, finely and sparingly punctured.

Thorax very transverse, much narrower than the elytra ;

the sides gently rounded, sparingly and rather finely punc-

tuated, shining yellow, with a fovea on each side close to

the lateral margin. Elytra elongate, but leaving a large

part of the hind body exposed, quite twice as long as the

thorax, yellow ; the disc generally broadly infuscate, mode-

rately coarsely punctured, the punctures somewhat arranged

in rows. Legs yellow. Metasternum coarsely punctured

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PARTI. (FEB.) iH

98 Mr. David Sharp on the

at the sides; epipleura of elytra broad and very coarsely

punctured. ,

Common at Nagasaki.

182. Lathrimeum atrocephalum, Gyll. A single indi-

vidual only of this species has been found by Mr. Lewis;

I should not be surprised at its ultimately proving to be-

long to a distinct species from the European atrocephalum,

but [am quite unable to point out any satisfactory character

whereby this Japanese example could be distinguished

from Huropean ones.

183. Omalium japonicum, n. sp. Nigrum, nitidum,

antennarum basi pedibusque testaceis, elytris etiam tes-

taceis, thorace medio minus profunde bi-impresso. Long.

14 hn.

Very closely allied to O. oxyacanthe; rather larger, and

a little more coarsely punctured, and in colour more resem-

bling O. rivulare. Antenne red at the base, infuscate

outwardly, rather short, formed as in oxyacanthe, but

rather shorter, and stouter. Mandibles and palpi yel-

lowish. Head small, black, very similar in size, ~form

and sculpture to that of oryacanthe. Thorax narrower

than elytra, very similar in form and sculpture to that of

oxyacanthe, the two impressions on the disc rather less

deep; it is of a black, or pitchy colour, with the sides

behind and the hind margin yellowish. Elytra of a yel-

lowish colour, more than twice as long as the thorax,

densely and rather coarsely punctured, but quite shining.

Legs entirely yellow, metasternum coarsely punctured.

Found under dead animals at Nagasaki in the month

of March.

184, Anthobium solitare, n. sp. Rufo-testaceum, scu-

tello, abdomine pectoreque nigris, capite thoraceque sub-

opacis, subtiliter punctatis; elytris sat fortiter punctatis,

nitidulis, apice in utroque sexu truncato. Long, 2—1 lin.

This species resembles A. torqguatum (scutellare, Er.),

but is considerably smaller. Antennz yellow, 3rd joint

much more slender than 2nd, but about as long ; joints

7—10 transverse, but only slightly so. Head entirely

red, alutaceous and therefore dull, finely and sparingly

punctured, with a large but ill-defined impression on each

Staphylinide of Japan. 99

side near the front. Thorax very transverse, quite twice

as broad as long, obliquely impressed near the hind angles,

alutaceous and dull, finely and sparingly punctured. Scu-

tellum black. Elytra more than twice as long as the

thorax, finely but distinctly and closely punctured, of a

shining-yellowish colour. Hind body and breast black.

The male is smaller than the female, and has the meta-

sternum foveolated in the middle at the extremity.

Found in the flowers of early spring at Nagasaki.

185. Megarthrus japonicus, n. sp. Nigricans, leviter

nitidulus, antennarum articulo primo pedibusque sordide

rufis, thorace ad angulos posteriores exciso. Long. 14

lin.

This species resembles MZ. denticollis, but is darker in

colour, and the structure of the legs in the male is very

different. The antenne are black, with the basal joint of

an obscure red colour. The head is dull black, even, only

a little depressed on each side near the eyes. The thorax

is rounded at the sides near the front angles, without tooth

at the sides ; the hinder angles abruptly excised in a similar

style to that of denticollis ; the sides are sometimes reddish

near the hind angles, sometimes entirely black. The elytra

are broad, much dilated from the base to the extremity,

densely punctured. The legs are dirty red. In the male

the four hinder femora are slightly thickened, the middle

tibiz are simple, but their lower portion is furnished on

the inside with a very short and dense black pubescence

(not to be perceived without a careful examination) ; the

hind tibiz are slender, slightly excavate on the inside

below the middle.

Abundant.

186. Megarthrus parallelus,n.sp. Piceus, prothoracis

lateribus pedibusque rufis, leviter nitidus; elytris trans-

versim convexis, fortiter punctatis. Long 1—1} ln.

A rather narrow and parallel species, with the elytra

convex, and very coarsely punctured. Antenne rather

long and slender, pitchy, the basal joint rather darker than

the-2nd. Head distinctly impressed on each side near

the eyes, the front margin strongly elevated. ‘Thorax

pitchy in the middle, the sides broadly red ; it is very little

rounded at the sides, and but slightly narrowed in front;

it presents on each side distinct traces of three teeth, one

H 2

100 Mr. David Sharp on the

near the front angle, one in the middle, and one near the

hind angles; it is scarcely excavate at the hinder angles,

but as it were obliquely truncate, each angle of the

truncated part being a little prominent. Elytra more than

twice as long as the thorax, very little broader towards

their extremity, very coarsely punctured. Legs yellow.

The male has the legs slender and simple.

Four specimens; found under dead leaves at Nagasaki.

187. Megarthrus converus,n.sp. Rufescens, nitidulus,

capite prothoraceque disco fuscis, elytris perconvexis, fer-

titer punctatis. Long. 1 lin.

This very remarkable and distinct species has somewhat

the form and appearance of E’purea limbata. Antenne

yellow, gradually thickened from the 7th to the 11th joint ;

these joints rather darker than the others. Head nearly

black, reddish in front, the front margin very strongly

elevated. Thorax reddish, with the dise much infuscate,

broadly explanate at the sides, which are simply rounded.

Elytra of a shining-yellowish colour, very strongly punc-

tured, very convex both transversely and longitudinally.

Legs yellow.

In the male the middle tibi are very slightly thickened

on the inner side in the middle, near the extremity a little

excavate and curved, the excavate part very finely serrate;

the hinder tibix are very slightly emarginate above the

extremity.

Four specimens; found in the sandy district of Simabara,

March 10th, 1870.

188. Proteinus crassicornis, n. sp. Piceus, pedibus

testaceis, antennis crassiusculis fuscis, basi testaceis. Long.

2 lin.

This species is allied to P. atomarius, but is larger, and

has the antenne much stouter, and in the male the front

tarsi are distinctly dilated, and the intermediate tibize much

sinuate. It is slightly smaller than macropterus, with the

antenne much stouter, and the front tarsi of the male

much shorter. The antennz are stout, yellow at the base,

infuscate at the extremity; joints 9—11 of large size.

Form and sculpture of thorax and elytra much as in

atomarius.

In the male the anterior tarsi are short, but much dilated

at the base, the middle tibise much sinuate internally.

Staphylinide of Japan. 101

A single individual; found in company with Omalium

japonicum.

189. Lispinus longulus,n. sp. Nigro-piceus, nitidulus,

antennis pedibusque rufis, thorace medio subtiliter canali-

culato, disco pone medium bi-impresso, lateribus minus

discrete impressis, elytris parce punctatis. Long. 14 lin.

Apparently allied to LZ. impressicollis, or subopacus.

Antenne dark red, about as long as head and thorax, but

little thickened towards the extremity; joints 6—10 a

little transverse. Head finely and sparingly punctured.

Thorax broader than long, rounded at the sides and much

constricted behind, with a fine but quite distinct channel

along the middle, on each side of which the hinder part is

impressed, the sides in front of the hinder angles are also

broadly depressed, in front of this depression with a kind

of elongate indistinct tubercle, it is rather sparingly and

coarsely punctured, and has a dull greasy kind of lustre.

Elytra longer than the thorax, sparingly, moderately finely

punctured, the base inside the humeral angle distinctly

impressed. Extremity of hind body reddish. Legs

yellow.

Found in damp vegetable refuse; especially fond of

decaying cabbage-stumps.

190. Micropeplus fulvus, Er. var. japonicus. Speci-

mens of a Micropeplus brought back by Mr. Lewis are

larger and much broader than our European fulvus, and

have the marginal line of the head more strongly elevated.

I am unable however to find another character to dis-

tinguish them, and as these Japanese individuals vary in

colour in a similar manner to our fudvus, and as the male

characteristics are quite the same in the two, I have de-

cided to treat the Japanese form as only a variety of the

European fulvus.

Abundant in rubbish heaps.

Mr. David Sharp on the

List OF SPECIES.

ALEOCHARINI.

Falagria simplex, n. sp.

sapida, n. sp.

fovea, n. sp. :

Santhota (n. g.) sparsa, f. sp.

Ocalea japonica, n. sp.

Thiasophila rufescens, n. sp.

Homeeusa japonica, n. sp.

Microglotta princeps, n. sp.

Aleochara parens, n. sp.

discoidea, n. sp.

clayiger, n. sp.

japonica, n. sp.

puberula, Klug.

preesul, n. sp.

peregrina, n. sp.

fucicola, n. sp.

Myrmedonia comes, n. sp.

cognata, Mirk. var. ?

socius, 1. sp.

Ilyobates pictus, n. sp.

Tachyusa rufescens, n. sp.

algarum, n. sp.

Oxypoda japonica, n. sp.

proba, n. sp.

Homalota transfuga, n. sp.

melanaria, Sahl.

Lewisa, n. sp.

distans, n. sp.

vivida, n. sp.

Deinopsis modestus, n. sp.

TACHYPORINI.

Tachinus mimulus, n. sp.

Cilea silphoides, Lin,

Coproporus sp. ?

Tachyporus celatus, n. sp.

Conurus germanus, n. sp.

pumilus, n. sp.

pedicularius, Gray. ?

Megacronus setiger, n. sp.

princeps, n. sp.

Bryoporus Lewisius, n. sp.

Bolitobius japonicus, n. sp.

QUEDIINI.

Heterothops cognatus, n. sp.

Rientis (n. g.) parviceps, n. sp.

Algon (n. g.) grandicollis, n. sp,

Velleius dilatatus, Fab.

pectinatus, n. sp,

Quedius Juno, n. sp.

simulans, n. sp.

lateralis, Gray.

parviceps, n. sp.

japonicus, n, sp.

Quedius pretiosus, n.’sp.

Lewisius, n. sp.

STAPHYLININI.

Creophilus maxillosus, Lin.

Leistotrophus gracilis, n. sp.

oculatus, n. sp.

Eucibdelus japonicus, n. sp.

Staphylinus paganus, n. sp.

inornatus, n. sp.

subeeneus, n. sp.

Goérius carinatus, n. sp.

Ocypus Lewisius, n. sp.

parvulus, n. sp.

gloriosus, n. sp.

Phucobius (n. g.) simulator, n. sp.

Philonthus nudus, n. sp.

vestitus, n. sp.

histrio, n. sp.

mimulus, n. sp.

algarum, n. sp.

quediodes, n. sp.

spinipes, n. sp.

japonicus, n. sp.

parcus, D. sp.

macies, n. sp.

germanus, n. sp.

rectangulus, n. sp.

Lewisius, n. sp.

solidus, n. sp.

mutans, n. sp.

agilis, Gray.

scybalarius, Nord.

quisquiliarus, Gyll.

a , var. rubi-

dus, Er.

thermarum, Aubé.

egens, 0. Sp.

sericans, 0. sp.

amicus, 0. sp.

prolatus, n. sp.

kobensis, n. sp.

rutiliventris, n. sp.

gastralis, o.sp. *

tiro, n. sp.

pumilus, n. sp.

XANTHOLININI.

Othius rufipennis, n. sp.

medius, n. sp.

latus, n. sp.

Xantholinus japonicus, n. sp.

suffusus, n. sp.

mixtus, . sp.

pleuralis, n. sp.

Leptacinus flavipennis, Kraatz.

| Xanthophyus angustus, n. sp.

Staphylinide of Japan. 103

P2DERINI.

Lathrobium digne, n.‘sp.

nudum, n. sp.

partitum, n. sp.

anguinum, n. sp.

Kobense, n. sp.

scabripenne, n. sp.

stilicoides, n. sp.

crassicorne, n. sp.

Cryptobium apicatum, n. sp.

pectorale, n. sp.

japonicum, n. sp.

Stilicus ceylanensis, Kraatz.

rufescens, n. sp.

Scopzeus complex, n. sp.

virilis, n. sp.

lithocharoides, n. sp.

basicornis, n. sp.

Lithocharis spectabilis, Kraatz.

staphylinoides, Kraatz,

debilicornis, Woll.

Lewisia, n. sp.

prolixa, n. sp.

parviceps, n. sp.

dissimilis, n. sp.

Acanthoglossa (?) setigera, n. sp.

Mesunius (n. g.) Wollastoni, n. sp.

Neognathus (n. g.) angulatus, n. sp.

Sunius latifrons, n. sp.

histrio, n. sp.

brevipes, n. sp.

oculatus, n. sp.

bicolon, n. sp.

suffusus, n. sp.

chloroticus, n. sp.

Pederus Poweri (Lewis.), n. sp.

mixtus, n. sp.

Idz (Lewis. ), n. sp.

Cédichirus Lewisius, n. sp.

Idx (Lewis. ), n. sp.

Pinophilus insignis, n. sp.

Lewisius, n. sp.

rufipennis, n. sp.

STENINI.

Evesthetus nitidulus, n. sp.

Stenesthetus (n. g.) sunioides, n, sp.

Stenus tennipes, n. sp.

alienus, n. sp.

verecundus, n. sp.

Lewisius, n. sp.

Stenus macies, n. sp.

puberulus, n. sp.

japonicus, n. sp.

sexualis, n. sp.

rugipennis, n. sp.

cicindela, n. sp.

hirtellus, n. sp.

oblitus, n. sp.

dissimilis, n. sp.

rufescens, n. sp.

currax, 0. sp.

OXYTELINI.

Oxyporus angularis, Gebl.

Osorius angustulus, n. sp.

Bledius fragilis, n. sp.

lucidus, n. sp.

orphanus, n. sp.

Platysthetus operosus, n. sp.

Oxytelus crassicornis, n. sp.

levior, n. sp.

opacifrons, n. sp.

nigriceps, Kraatz.

japonicus, Mots.

cognatus, n. sp,

vicinus, n. sp.

mimulus, n. sp.

Lewisius, n. sp.

laticornis, n. sp.

OMALINI.

Boreaphilus Lewisianus, n. sp.

japonicus, n. sp.

Lesteva fenestrata, n. sp.

Olophrum simplex, n. sp.

Lathrimzum atrocephalum, Gyll.

Omalium japonicum, n. sp,

Anthobium solitare, n. sp.

PROTEININI.

Megarthrus japonicus, n. sp.

parallelus, n. sp.

convexus, Nn. sp.

Proteinus crassicornis, n. sp.

PIESTINI.

Lispinus longulus, n. sp.

MICROPEPLINI.

Micropeplus fulvus, Er. var. ja-

ponicus.

Ca hoa. J

II, The Pselaphidee and Scydmenide of Japan.

By Davin Suarp, M.B.

[Read 5th January, 1874. ]

In continuation of the work of making known the Cole-

optera of Japan, I have now the pleasure of submitting to

the Society the descriptions of the species of Pselaphidez

and Scydmeenide, brought by Mr. Lewis from that locality.

Twenty-four species of Pselaphidee, and five species of

Scydmeenide are described in this paper, and all of this

number are treated as previously undescribed, not a single

species of either family having been previously described

as inhabiting the Japan islands. ‘The number of species

of these groups, however, inhabiting the islands will be

found, I have no doubt, to be much greater than the

figures given above; Mr. Lewis tells me that he made no

special search for these insects, and only captured such

specimens as he met with incidentally while collecting or

walking. I may mention that there is a specimen,

apparently belonging to the genus Pselaphus, among

Mr. Lewis’s captures, but it is too mutilated to describe ;

and that he possesses also four or five other specimens of

Scydmenidz, apparently representing as many distinct

species, but which I have not thought it advisable to

attempt to describe from these specimens alone.

The Pselaphidz of Japan appear to present even a

ereater resemblance to those of North America than to

those of Europe. The occurrence of a species of T'mesi-

phorus, and the comparative predominance of Batrisi, are

the main facts which lead me to make this statement. We

know little or nothing of the Pselaphidze of North-Eastern

Asia, so that no comparison can be made with them, but it is

highly probable that a large proportion of the species here

described occur in the neighbouring parts of the Asiatic

mainland; while the Pselaphidse of Europe present so

great a resemblance to those of North America, that it is

clear to me that they should be studied in connection with

one another. Indeed, I may take this opportunity of

expressing my regret that many entomologists of repute

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874,.—PART I. (FEB. )

106 Mr. David Sharp on the

limit themselves to the study of the insects of a particular

locality ; for it appears to me it would be more advan-

tageous to science if the studies of each specialist were

limited to special groups rather than to the dwellers in a

particular locality. The entomologists of North America

in particular have hitherto almost entirely confined their

studies to the insects of their own part of the world; they

have I think been wise in so doing, but I cannot but .

think that the time has now come for them to extend their

studies; and I take this opportunity, therefore, of express-

ing my concurrence in the opinions enunciated on this

point by MM. de Borre and Putzeys at the meeting of

the Entomological Society of Belgium, held on the 8th

November last.

PSELAPHID&.

LASINUS, nov. gen.

Maxillary palpi small, probably 4-jointed, but the first

joint not observed; 2nd joint rather curved, narrow at its

base; 3rd joint shorter than the contiguous ones, longer

than broad, its sides rounded, its base narrow; 4th joint

slender, ovate, terminating in an acute point. Head much

produced over the insertion of the antennz, the produced

part obtuse in front, and with an indication of a longi-

tudinal division. Antenne eleven-jointed, not quite con-

tiguous at their point of insertion; long, and stout, the

1st joint elongate, the intermediate joints oblong, the three

apical jomts forming a narrow elongate club. Eyes con-

vex, coarsely granulated. Thorax rounded at the sides,

without angles or projections. Legs very long. Inter-

mediate coxze not contiguous. Tarsi three jointed, third

joint shorter than 2nd; claws two, small, equal. Hind

body on the upper side with five, on the underside with

six visible segments.

I think that at present this genus would be best placed

near the North American genera, Cedius, Ceophyllus and

Lmesiphorus, from which, however, the Bryaxis-like form

of the maxillary palpi abruptly distinguish it. I think,

however, that the classification of the Pselaphide at pre-

sent in use much requires revision.

1. Lasinus spinosus, n. sp. Rufo-fuseus, antennis pedi-

busque obscure rufis; pube adpressd vestitus; capite pro-

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 107

thoraceque dense strigoso-punctatis; elytris abdomineque

simpliciter punctatis. Long. 14 lin.

Antenne long and rather stout, reaching to about the

end of the elytra, reddish in colour, 1st joint as long as

the three or four following together, 2—8 each longer

than broad, the 8th a little broader than its predecessor,

9—11 of about similar breadths, 9 rather longer than 10,

its upper angle on the inner side a little sliced off and

smooth, 11th joint but little longer than 9th. Head nar-

rower than the thorax, densely strigose, with three small

fovez filled up with pubescence, the front one placed in

the middle at the base of the produced front, the others,

one on each side between the eyes. Thorax only about

half the width of the elytra, rather longer than broad,

convex both transversely and longitudinally, densely stri-

gose, in the middle with a fine channel, and also with

three very small fovez filled with pubescence. Elytra

scarcely longer than the thorax, broader at the extremity

than at the shoulders, rather coarsely but indistinctly and

not densely punctured, each with a sutural and discoidal

stria, these furnished at the base with a small fovea filled

with pubescence; their hind margin densely pubescent.

Hind body very strongly margined, and distinctly punc-

tured. Legs elongate; anterior trochanters with a long

slender spine, middle ones with a shorter, but very distinct

spine, hind trochanters not spined; anterior and middle

femora also spined in a manner similar to the trochanters.

Nagasaki. ‘Three specimens, near decayed leaves in

the wood of Suwo-sama.

The preceding description is, I have but little doubt,

applicable only to the male sex. Mr. Lewis has another

specimen, not taken with those mentioned above (appa-

rently ), but which [ have but little doubt is the female. It

differs as follows :—Antenne rather more slender, 8th joint

not larger than the predecessors, 9th joint more slender

than in the other sex, simple; spines of the trochanters

much shorter.

2. Centrotoma prodiga,n. sp. Castanea, setulis brevis-

simis, erectis, adspersa ; prothorace transverso; antennis

pedibusque minus elongatis. Long. fere 1 lin.

Antenne short, joints 3—9 scarcely differing from one

another, transverse, joint 10 a little broader than 9, also

transverse, 11th rounded at its extremity, twice as long as

the 10th. Head with two small fovex on the vertex, and

108 Mr. David Sharp on the

with the produced front part longitudinally impressed.

Thorax small, transverse, much narrower than the elytra,

about as broad as the head (with the eyes), with a central

basal fovea filled with pubescence. Llytra short, but

much longer than the thorax, each with well-marked

sutural and discoidal strix; they are much broader at the

apex than at the base. Hind body rather elongate, 1st,

2nd and 3rd (visible) segments on the upper side, differing

but little in length from one another. Trochanters elon-

gate; the middle ones abruptly dilated in their apical

portion and about two-thirds of the length of the short

and stout femora.

A single specimen, of whose sex I am uncertain.

Though I am unacquainted with the Centrotoma luci-

fuga of Heyden, it is evident to me, from the figure and

description of Duval (Gen. i., pl. 43, f. 213), that this

most remarkable Pselaphid is not, if not actually congeneric

with C. lucifuga, allied thereto. It differs from Duval’s

figure, by its much shorter antenne, by its differently-

shaped thorax, and by the larger joints of its maxillary

palpi; these however being apparently similar in structure

to C. lucifuga.

Nagasaki.

STIPESA, Noy. gen.

Antennz 11-jointed, short and stout, their extremity

remarkably stout; nearly contiguous at their point of

insertion. Head forming over the insertion of antennez

a distinct tubercle, this having traces of a_ longitu-

dinal division. Eyes small. Maxillary palpi small and

slender (1st joint unobserved), 2nd very curved, slender at

base, gradually thickened from the middle to the extremity;

3rd much shorter than the contiguous joints, continuous in

outline with 2nd, about as long as broad, furnished exter-

nally at its upper margin with a small hair-like process;

4th stouter than 3rd, oval and pointed, furnished exter-

nally about the middle with a minute process. Hind body

with five visible dorsal segments, the 5th (or pygidium)

small and inflexed, the two basal segments with a thick

but obscurely elevated margin. Anterior trochanters

short, middle ones elongate. Hind cox extremely dis-

tant. Tarsi rather long, 3-jointed, 3rd joint longer than

2nd; claws small, but little curved, the outer shorter and

finer than the inner.

A most remarkable insect, without close relationship to

any known to me; its systematic position appears very

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 109

doubtful, but it may be placed at present next to Metopias,

and be considered to connect that genus with the remote

Ctenistes. My description of the maxillary palpi must

be interpreted with some discretion, as I am unable to

observe them in a satisfactory manner.

3. Stipesa rudis,n.sp. Castanea, opaca, setulis brevis-

simis adpressis vestita. Long. 2 lin.

Antenne reddish, Ist joint stout, twice as long as 2nd;

2nd scarcely so stout as Ist, about as long as broad; 3rd

shorter than and not so broad as 2nd, 4—8 extremely

short and transverse, not differing from one another; 9th

abruptly larger than 8th, transverse; 10th strongly trans-

verse, intermediate in width between 9 and 10; lith joint

very large, its extremity rather pointed at the i inner side.

Head rather narrower than thorax, obsoletely but densely

punctured so as to be quite opaque, with indistinct traces

of two foverw on its disc. Thorax scarcely so long as

broad, without projections or distinct angles, narrowed

from the middle to the front, and nearly straight from

the middle to the hind margin; it is quite dull, its sculp-

ture being similar to that of the head. E lytra short, but

longer fhan the thorax, not so dull as head and oe

; with obscure sutural and discoidal striae. Front tibize

with their lower half a little bent outwards: four posterior

tibize bisinuate, the middle ones only obscurely, but the

posterior distinctly so.

A single individual. Suwo-sama, Nagasaki.

4. T'mesiphorus speratus,n. sp. Rufo-testaceus, capite

prothoraceque dense sculpturatis, opacis, elytris obsolete

punctatis, sat nitidis; abdominis segmentis dorsalibus

duobus basalibus versus latera carinatis, medio mutico.

Long. vix 1 lin.

Nearly as large as JT. carinatus, Lec. Antennz simi-

larly formed to those of 7. carinatus, but shorter and

stouter (my only specimen of carznatus is a female, while

the individual of 7. speratus I am describing is clearly a

male); 2nd joint short and stout, scarcely so long as broad;

3rd joint short, but scarcely so short as the followi ing ones;

4—8 very Shae especially the 8th; 9th abruptly broader

than Sth; 10th longer, and a little broader than 9th; 11th

joint very stout, its lower and inner angle excised, and

above this excision it is obscurely swollen or tuberculate.

110 Mr. David Sharp oz the

Head densely but indistinctly punctured, opaque; thevertex

bifoveolate, and the front part also foveolate. Thorax

shorter than that of 7. carinatus, not so long as broad,

the sides rounded in front and narrowed behind, without

distinct margin: it is quite dull, its sculpture being similar

to that of the head. LElytra rather longer, and much

broader than the thorax, finely and obscurely punctured,

rather shining, with a fine sutural stria and a discoidal

plica (asin 7’. carinatus). Hind body finely and sparingly

punctured, formed as in 7’. carinatus; the dorsal segments,

however, without any central line, but the first and second

segments with an elevated line half-way between the middle

and the lateral margin. The front tibiz much curved in-

wards.

Maiyasama, Hiogo; a single specimen.

The affinities of this insect with 7. carinatus are very

marked. It possesses, however, some evident distinc-

tions, which at the same time are not of such a nature

as have, as yet, been considered of generic importance in

the Pselaphide. The most important of these appears to

be the structure of the 3rd jomt of the maxillary palpi,

which is broader and shorter than in J. carinatus, and

angulated externally. These organs, in fact, depart less

widely from the Ctenistes structure than do those of 7'mes?-

phorus carinatus. ‘The Ctenistes integricollis of Fairmaire

appears to supply a connection between the ordinary species

of Ctenistes and Tmesiphorus. While, again, I possess a

Pselaphid from Algeria (sent in error by Olces as the C.

integricollis, Fairm.), which in the structure of its palpi

appears intermediate between 7. carinatus and speratus ;

but from other differences this Algerian insect will neces-

sitate the establishment of a new genus for its reception.

cae = :

5. Ctenistes oculatus, n. sp. Rufescens, eracilis, oculis

maxims, antennis pedibusque elongatis, tibiis basi gra-

cillimis. Long. % lin. ¢.

Fem. adhuc latet.

Antenne about the length of the insect, Ist joint with

about half its length projecting beyond the frontal process,

2nd joint not quite so long as the exposed portion of the

basal joint, 3—7 extremely small, 8th joint elongate, quite

as long as 1—7 together ; 9th joint about two-thirds of the

length of 8th, 10th larger than 9th, 11th about as lone as

10th, a little curved. Head with the fovese extremely in-

distinct, the eyes very large, prominent and coarsely

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 11}

facetted. Thorax rather slender, narrowed to the front,

about as long as broad, clothed with whitish hairs, and

with a dense patch of these at the base in the middle.

Elytra nearly twice as long as the thorax: the basal four

dorsal segments of hind body sub-equal in length. Legs

very long, tibiz: extremely slender, but distinctly thickened

at their apex.

A single specimen only of this very distinct species has

been brought back by Mr. Lewis.

6. Ctenistes armatus, n. sp. Rufescens, nitidus, oculis

minoribus. Long. 1 lin.

Mas, metasterno medio utrinque processu angulato,

valde elevato instructo; antennis articulo 8°, 7° haud

duplo longiore.

36. Antenne about as long asthe head, thorax and one-

third of elytra; 1st joint stout, projecting much beyond the

front; 2nd joint stout, but more slender than Ist, only

half as long as Ist, about as long as broad; 3rd joint more

slender than, but about as long as the 2nd; 4th interme-

diate in length between 3 and 5, about as long as broad;

5 and 6 small, but not strongly transverse ; 7 about twice

as long as 6, and as long as broad, 8 longer than broad,

not twice as long as 7; 9th nearly as long as 7 and 8 to-

gether; 10th rather stouter, but not longer than the 9th;

11th joint longer than any of the others, pointed at its

extremity. Head with two fover, separated only by a

narrow space between the eyes. Thorax about as long as

broad, narrowed towards the front, elytra shining reddish,

longer than the thorax.

Nagasaki. <A single specimen.

Mr. Lewis has also brought a female Cten?stes which I

believe to be the female of C. armatus; it has the meta-

sternum deeply impressed, but not armed: the 3rd joint

of its antenne is much more slender and slightly longer

than the 2nd; joints 4,5 and 6 each a little shorter than

the one preceding it, 6th about as long as broad, 7th about

twice as long as 6th, 8th very small, 9th scarcely so long

as, but stouter than the 7th; 10th stouter than 9th, about

as long as 7th; 11th joint stout, nearly twice as long as

10th.

A single specimen.

7. Ctenistes medius, n.sp. Rufescens, nitidus. Long.

1 lin.

Mas, metasterno medio utrinque tuberculo angulato,

112 Mr. David Sharp on the

elevato instructo; antennis articulo 8°,7° quadruplo lon-

giore, 3°, 4° evidenter longiore.

This species (so far as knowledge of the male will jus-

tify me in speaking) strongly resembles C. armatus ; the

pectoral processes are, however, less strongly developed,

and the structure of the antenne very different; the 2nd

joint is very short, the 3rd also very short, but more

slender than 2nd, it differs but little from the 4th; joints

4—7 are small and differ but little from one another; the

8th joint nearly as long as the four preceding ones to-

gether, 9th very nearly as long as and slightly stouter than

the 8th; 10th just about as long as, but distinctly stouter,

than 8th ; 11th joint distinctly longer and stouter than 10th.

A single specimen. Fukuhora, Nagasaki.

Mr. Lewis has also brought back a female Ctenistes,

which I think may prove to be the female of C. medius.

It greatly resembles the insect which I suppose may be

the female of C. armatus. It has, however, the antennz

markedly shorter than the C. armatus(?) 9; the propor-

tions of the joints to one another, however, being much

about the same as in that insect, except that the 8th is

strikingly shorter, so that its development is not so dis-

proportionate to that of the contiguous joints as it is in

C. armatus (?) &.

8. Ctenistes similis. Rufescens, nitidus. Long. 1 lin.

Mas, metasterno medio utrinque tuberculo angulato,

elevato, instructo ; antennis articulo 8°, 7° triplo longiore,

articulo 3°, 4° duplo longiore.

This species differs apparently from C. medius only by

the greater elongation of the intermediate (3—7) joints

of the antenne ; the 3rd joint is quite twice as long as

the 4th; and the 7th is not quite so short in proportion

to the 8th, as is the case in C. medius. Whether these

points are more than individual variations, I must leave

till the arrival of more sufficient materials to determine.

Nagasaki ; a single specimen.

There is yet another individual of Ctenistes among Mr.

Lewis’s material, but as there is only a single g specimen.

I shall not allude to it further than’ to say that I am very

doubtful whether it can be referred to either of the above

described species; it is from Nagasaki.

9. Batrisus optatus, n. sp. Brevior, rufo-castaneus,

nitidus, antennis minus yalidioribus, prothorace cordato,

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 113

impunctato, medio canaliculato, lateribus impresso ; elytris

fortiter minus crebre punctatis. Long. 3 lin.

Mas (?), abdomine segmento primo dorsali, medio

deformi, apice tuberculo compresso valde elevato in-

structo.

Antenne moderately long, rather slender; 1st joint

short, 2nd joint about as long as exposed portion of Ist,

but more slender; 3rd joint shorter and thinner than

2nd, joints 3—8 differing little from one another ; joints

9—11 forming an elongate club, the individual joints

of which are much divided from one another. Eyes

prominent, rather large. Head, including the eyes, scarcely

so broad as the thorax, impunctate and shining, with a small

fovea on each side near the eyes; it is elevated on each side

over the insertion of the antennz, between the elevations

rather depressed and roughened. Thorax scarcely so long

as broad, greatly narrowed behind, with a small fovea on

each side, near the front margin; the middle deeply chan-

nelled, and there is also a longitudinal impression near

each side, these connected by a transverse impression

placed very near the base. Elytra longer than the thorax,

with the humeral angles prominent, sparingly but dis-

tinctly and coarsely punctured, each with a sutural stria

and a short basal stria in the middle. The legs are long,

the tibiz slender, the hind femora with the basal half very

slender, and the apical half abruptly incrassated.

Nagasaki; a single specimen. I believe it to be a male

on account of the very peculiar structure of the hind body.

The basal dorsal segment is elongate, furnished in the middle

with a narrow, curved, transverse depression ; this is limited

behind by a sharply elevated line, and also obscurely divided

into two parts by a small elevation in its middle ; beyond

this impression the segment is profoundly impressed, and

from the depth of the impression projects a very large,

laterally compressed tubercle; the lateral portions of the

segmént are a little flattened and dilated, and have a

peculiar roughened (glandular) surface. ‘The following

segments are so inflexed as to be invisible from above: seen

from behind the 2nd and 3rd are extremely short, while

wthe two last (4th and 5th) are moderately and about equally

long: the segments on the under surface are reduced to

mere rings.

10. Batrisus angustus, n. sp. Elongatus, angustus,

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.) I

114 Mr. David Sharp on the

rufescens, abdomine piceo; elytris obscure sanguineis,

evidenter punctatis. Long. 1 lin.

Allied to the European B. venustus, yet very distinct

therefrom; it may be at once distinguished from it by the

evident characters of its narrower form, darker colour,

and distinctly punctured elytra. Antenne reddish, slender,

but with the basal joint very stout: 2nd joint short, joints

3—8 slender, not differing greatly from one another, the

5th joint the most slender, longer than broad; 9th joint

distinctly but not abruptly broader than 8th, 10th inter-

mediate in width between 9th and 11th; 11th joint pointed,

a little sinuate on the upper portion of the imner side,

rather longer than the two preceding together. Head

with two well-marked convergent furrows on the vertex,

the part enclosed by these distinctly raised; the sides out-

side them much raised, especially in the front over the

insertion of the antennz. Eyes moderately large. Thorax

much narrower than the elytra, rather longer than broad,

rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, with a deep

channel on the dise, a fine impressed line on each side, and

between this and the central channel with a distinct raised

line on each side, and with an angulated transverse impres-

sion in front of the base. Elytra red, longer than the thorax,

distinctly but rather distantly punctured, each with a fine

sutural stria, and a well-marked humeral impression, this

being bounded on the inner side bya fine short plica. The

first dorsal segment of hind body as long as the two follow-

ing together. The femora distinctly swollen in the middle,

the hind tibie with a short but distinct apical spine.

_ A single specimen without locality. Notwithstanding

its slender and slightly-clubbed antennz, I am inclined to

fancy it is a male.

11. Batrisus ornatus,n.sp. Rufescens, evidenter pubes-

cens, antennis sat validis, vertice impunctato subtiliter

cariato, tuberculis antennalibus valde elevatis, punctatis,

fronte medio depressiusculo; elytris fere impunctatis;

tibiis posticis calcari apicali longo. Long. 1 lin.

_ Mas, antennis articulo basali elongato, angulo interno

in lamina producto, clypeo antice medio elevatione lata ;

metasterno late impresso, abdomine segmento apicali ven-

trali basi bituberculato,

Fem., antennis articulo basali breviore, simplice ; clypeo

mutico, metasterno apice medio foveolato, abdomine seg-

mento apicali, basi impresso.

——T

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 115

This species is of an obscure reddish colour, and clothed

with a rather long, not very dense pubescence, which appears

to be easilyremoved. The antenne moderately stout, the

basal joint long, and very stout; 2nd joint short but dis-

tinctly longer than the third ; 3—8 differing very little from

one another, bead-like; 9th similarly formed to 8th, but dis-

tinctly stouter; 10th rather stouter than 9th; 11th joint

rather large, pointed. Head quite as broad as the thorax,

the vertex impunctate, with a fine raised line along the

middle, and an ill-defined fovea on each side; the antennal

tubercles well separated from one another, strongly elevated

and rough; a very fine line runs from the hind angle to

the base of these tubercles. Thorax not punctured,

with a central channel; the disc on each side of this with

a fovea from which proceeds a short but acutely elevated

line, and also with the sides deeply foveolate. LElytra

longer than the thorax, scarcely punctate, each with a

sutural stria and a central one reaching about half-way to

the extremity. First dorsal segment of hind body about as

long as the two following together. Legs rather long and

stout, the hind tibize much curved.

Fukuhora, Nagasaki; four specimens.

12. Batrisus stipes, n. sp. Rufo-brunneus, evidenter

pubescens, capite crassiusculo, rugoso, opaco; prothorace

disco spinis quatuor recurvis armato. Long. 1 lin.

This species isremarkable from the structure of its head,

which is thickened and produced in front between the

antennz, hence the antennal tubercles have almost dis-

appeared, and the two convergent vertical furrows are also

obsolete ; its whole upper surface is opaque and finely

sculptured, the eyes are small and pubescent. The an-

tenne are moderately stout, the first joimt short and stout,

joints 2—8 differing little from one another; 9th distinctly

thicker than 8th; 10th similar to 9th, but a little broader;

11th joint stout and pointed, quite as long as the two pre-

ceding together. Thorax not punctured, witha fine central

channel, which is foveolate at its base, deeply foveolate at the

sides, and armed on the disc with four small distant spines

placed to form a square (these are best seen when the insect

is viewed from the side). Elytra rather longer than the

thorax, scarcelypunctured,but with distinct pubescence, each

with a fine sutural stria, and a short middle stria, the humeral

angles but little prominent. The first dorsal segment ot

hind body about as long as the two following together.

116 Mr. David Sharp on the

The legs rather stout, the hinder tibiz with a rather long

apical spur. ,

Two specimens; they resemble one another in all re-

spects, and I fancy they are females.

13. Batrisus dissimilis, n. sp. Rufo-castaneus; capite

rugoso, profundius transversim bi-impresso; antennarum

articulo primo incrassato; prothorace fortiter punctato ;

abdomine segmento primo dorsali elongato, secundo tertio-

que brevissimis. Long. 1 lin.

Allied to B. modestus, but twice the size, with the head

deeply impressed, the antennz stouter, &c. It departs,

however, in comparison with B. modestus, but little from

the facies of the ordinary Batrist. Antenne moderately

stout, the first joint short, and very stout, it being as it

were thickened on its hinder side ; 2nd joint rather short,

3rd joint a little longer and distinctly stouter than 2nd,

4—8 differing but little from one another, rather slender;

the 7th, however, considerably more developed than the

contiguous ones; 9th and 10th joints broader than the pre-

ceding ones but still slender; 11th joint broader than the

others, scarcely so long as the 9th and 10th together.

Head rugosely but indistinctly sculptured, dull, with a

deep transverse impression on the front part divided into

two by an elevation in its middle; with a small fovea on

each side close to the hind margin. Thorax cordate, about

as long as broad, rather coarsely and closely punctured,

except the projecting sides, which are smooth and shining;

it has a central channel, and also a line on each side

separating the smooth side from the disc. The elytra are

convex, with the humeral angles rather rounded, each with

a moderately well-marked middle stria not extending to

their extremity, and with a distinct sutural stria. The

hind tibize are without apical spur.

Maiyasama, Kobé: three specimens, two of which, how-

ever, have unfortunately lost the hind body; they are all

similar, and possibly males; if so, the female would pro-

bably have more slender antenne.

14. Batrisus modestus, n. sp. Castaneus, antennis

pedibusque gracilibus, capite prothoraceque fortiter dense

punctatis; abdomine segmento primo valde elongato.

Long. ? lin. 2

r AES . a 4 5 i 4 ;

This little species is intermediate in facies between

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 117

Batrisus and Euplectus. The antenne are slender, slightly

longer than head and thorax, the basal joint very short,

not concealed, stout; 2nd joint short, about as long as the

first; joints 3—8 slender, the 8th smaller than the 7th;

9 and 10 larger than the preceding ones but still slender;

11th joint stouter than the others, moderately large, pointed.

Head rather short and broad, with the eyes about as broad:

as the thorax; it is dull, being closely and coarsely punc-

tured. The antennal tubercles are small, and there is a

transverse line connecting them. Thorax small, much

narrower than the elytra, scarcely so long as broad, rounded

at the sides and much narrowed behind; it is, like the head,

coarsely punctured, except the projecting sides, which are

smooth and shining; it is channelled along the middle,

obscurely impressed in front of the base, with the smooth

side parts separated from the disc by a fine line. Elytra

rather longer than the thorax, a little inflated, the humeral

angles rounded, almost impunctate, each with a fine sutural

stria, and a strongly marked central stria, this, however,

not reaching quite to the extremity. The hind body is

quite unmargined, the first segment elongate, about two-

thirds as long as the elytra, the two following segments

very short: the first segment beneath is also elongate.

The legs are rather long and slender, the tarsi (especially

the hind ones) particularly slender.

Nagasaki; two specimens.

In one of these the antenne is considerably stouter than

the other, this is no doubt the male. The species will

probably ultimately be separated as a distinct genus from

Batrisus.

MOoRANA, nov. gen.

Of a short, broad, subdepressed form. Antenne distant

at point of insertion, 11-jointed, the apical joint very large

in proportion to the others. Maxillary palpi not observed

but certainly small, and probably without important

characters. Hind body margined on the dorsal surface

with only four visible segments, the 1st of these elongate,

the 2nd rather short, the 3rd still shorter, the last forming

the pygidium, moderately long; on the under-surface with

five visible segments, the first very elongate, the three

following ones extremely short and compressed, the fifth

short. Legs with the tibix laterally compressed, the tarsi

rather short and stout, 3rd joint shorter than 2nd, with

two equal unguiculi; the posterior coxe slender and not

Tre Mr. David Sharp on the

projecting backwards, moderately distant from one an-

other.

The above imcomplete characters are all I am able to

see in the single specimen of this minute Pselaphid: they

seem, however, quite sufficient to justify the establishment

of a distinct genus for it, the place of which may be for

the present between Bryazis and Trichonyx. I have quite

failed to get any view of the palpi; and have not obtained

a very satisfactory one of the unguiculi, but I think I am

right in saying that these are two in number, and equal,

at any rate, on the intermediate feet.

15. Morana discedens, n. sp. Castanea, nitida, sub-

glabra, antennis pedibusque testaccis, elytris rufescentibus ;

tibiis, presertim posticis, evidenter curvatis. Long. 3 lin.

This curious insect looks at first sight like the front parts

of an Euplectus, with the hind body of a Bryazis attached.

The antennz are shorter than the head and thorax, the

basal joint moderately long, but extremely stout, the 2nd

joint peculiarly elongate, cylindric, rather stouter than the

following ones; joints 3—9 small, differing little from one

another; 10th joint transverse, much broader than the 9th

joint, but very small in comparison with the 11th joint, which

is very large, stout, and pointed, about as long as the four

preceding together. Head, subtriangular, with the eyes

about as broad as the thorax, the front over the mouth

acuminate and elevated; it is acutely elevated on each side

over the insertion of antennx, and much depressed between

these; the vertex convex, smooth and shining. Thorax

much narrower than the elytra, rather strongly transverse,

distinctly narrowed behind, impunctate, uneven at the base

m consequence of some deep but obscure depression, and

with a fovea on each side close to the margin and near the

base. Elytra rather short in proportion to their width,

but longer than the thorax, shining red, impunctate, with

See

LON de middle. Legs rather

short, the tibize thin at the base, dilated at the extremity ;

the hind pair larger than the others, and strongly curved

inwards towards their extremity. .

A single specimen. Nagasaki.

; 16. Br Jars princeps, n. sp. Rufescens, nitidus, pube

Hg parcius vestitus; vertice profunde bifoveolato; pro-

horace trifoveolato, foveolis lined arcuata connexis; ely-

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 119

trorum epipleuris, lined profunda impress basi apiceque

abbreviata. Long. 14 lin.

Mas, tibiis anticis deformibus, intus supra medium dente

armatis; trochanteribus anterioribus spinosis, trochanteri-

bus intermediis breviter dentatis; femoribus intermediis

summo basi spinosis, tibiis intermediis unco valido ; meta-

sterno late transversim impresso; abdomine segmento 2°

ventrali, apice lamina transversa, erecta, fissi, segmento

quinto fovea maxima insignis.

Antenne longer than head and thorax, 3rd joint longer

than 2nd, 5th longer than the contiguous ones; 8th joint

small, 9th larger than 8th, transverse; 10th longer and

broader than 9th, also transverse ; 11th joint very large,

armed on the inside at the base with a small tubercle,

(not very easily perceived). Head impunctate, with two

large fovez on the vertex, the front between the insertion

of the antennze depressed. Thorax about as long as broad,

convex, distinctly narrowed behind, furnished with three

fovez, connected by a line, impunctate, except that there

are indistinct traces of punctuation near the lateral fovez.

The elytra are rather brighter red than the rest of the in-

sect, each has a well marked sutural stria which is deeply

impressed at the base, and with a second stria between

this and the shoulder; this stria is well marked, deeply

impressed at the base, but abbreviated a little before the

extremity, and each is also furnished on the deflexed por-

tion with a very deeply impressed line.

A single specimen only of this extremely remarkable

Bryaxis has been brought back by Mr. Lewis. It is no

doubt a male, the sexual characters being most prominent.

Mr. Lewis has also submitted to me a single specimen

of a Bryaxis which may possibly prove to be the female of

B. princeps. Besides the absence of the characters above

assigned as those of the male of B. princeps, it differs,

however, in being smaller, and of a darker, more obscure

colour, and has the elytra very distinctly shorter. The

antenne, though thinner and shorter than in the male in-

dividual, are similarly formed, except that I can see no

tubercle on the 11th joint. Having a strong impression

that, notwithstanding the discrepancy in colour, size and

length of the elytra, this is the female of B. princeps, I

do not give it a name, though it is quite possible it may

prove to be the female, not of B. princeps, but of another

species closely allied thereto.

Nagasaki.

120 Mr. David Sharp on the

17. Bryaxis alienus, n. sp. Obscure rufus, antennis

pedibusque rufo-testaceis, elytris minus late sanguineis ;

prothorace trifoveolato; antennis articulis penultimis trans-

versis; pedibus tenuioribus, tibiis posticis curvatis. Long.

3—] lin.

Mas, major, antennis longioribus validioribusque, arti-

culo 6° contiguis multo majore; pedibus elongatis, tibiis

anticis apice intus exciso, intermediis calcari ante-apicali

valido instructis, posterioribus apice abrupte curvatis.

This insect will probably ultimately be separated as a

different genus from Bryazis, the maxillary palpi being

differently formed: these organs, in fact, a good deal

resemble those of the genus T'ychus, but at the same time

are not longer than in ordinary Bryazis; the antennz

appoach also the genus Z'ychus, but their insertion is the

same asin Bryazis. ‘The antennz are yellow, and are thus

formed in the male: Ist joint rather stout, 2nd joint rather

small, subquadrate; 3rd joint longer and more slender than

2nd; 4 and 5 rather slender, similar to one another; 6th

joint much longer and considerably stouter than the con-

tiguous ones; 7th joint small; 8,9 and 10 transverse, each

of them broader than its predecessor, and a little produced

on its inner side; 11th joint very stout, pointed. Head

rather small, being distinctly narrower than the thorax,

with a large fovea on the front part, and two smaller ones

on the vertex. Thorax small, not above half the width of

the elytra, the sides dilated in the middle; it has a large

pubescent fovea on each side, and a third smaller but dis-

tinct one, without pubescence, in the middle; the extreme

base is punctured, but elsewhere its punctuation is scarcely

visible, The elytra are redder than the other parts, much

longer than the thorax, each with a distinct sutural stria,

and a curved stria between this and the shoulder. Hind

body rather long, rather finely margined, the first dorsal

segment nearly as long as the two following together. In

the female the antenne are both shorter and thinner than

in the other sex; the 6th joint is longer but not stouter

than the contiguous ones, and the apical joint is very much

smaller than in the male.

About a dozen specimens from Hiogo and Nagasaki.

Obs.— A male individual, from N agasaki, is rather more

slender in form, and darker in colour, and appears to have

the antenne and palpi stouter: but these differences are

not sufficiently decisive to warrant its being considered a

distinct species ou this single specimen.

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 121

18. Bryazis protervus, n. sp. Palpis maxillaribus

elongatis: brunneus, capite trifoveolato ; prothorace glo-

boso, dense fortiter punctato, trifoveolato ; elytris obscure

rufescentibus, stria pleurali impressis. Long. vix 1 lin.

This insect departs from the ordinary species of Bryazis,

by its elongate and very slender maxillary palpi, and will

no doubt be ultimately separated as belonging to a distinct

genus. The maxillary palpi are yellow, and when ex-

tended their length is found to be equal to that of the eight

or nine basal joints of the antennz; their 2nd joint is

elongate and slender, a little narrower in the middle than

at the ends; 3rd joint oval, very slender at its insertion ;

4th jot slender, twice as long as 38rd, pointed both

at extremity and insertion. Antenne rather stout; 2nd

joint stout, shorter than lst; 3—9 differing little from

one another; 10th jot much larger than the preceding

one, stout and transverse; 11th joint very large, obtusely

pointed, much curved on the outside, nearly straight on the

inside. Head narrower than the thorax, with two large

foveze on the vertex, and a third on the front between the

insertion of the antennz ; on each side of this frontal fovea

the head is elevated, so as to form a kind of antennal

tubercle; eyes rather small, but prominent. Thorax

much narrower than the elytra, nearly as long as broad,

rounded at the sides and narrowed behind, very convex

transversely, so that, viewed in profile, there appears a

deep depression between its disc and the elytra; it is

closely and coarsely punctured, and quite opaque; it has

three foveze, one in front of the base in the middle, and one

on each side, the middle one not quite so large as the

lateral ones. The elytra are redder than the other parts

of the surface ; they are a good deal narrowed towards the

shoulders, without any projection at the humeral angle ;

they have the usual sutural stria, also a second stria

between this and the shoulder, and also a deeply impressed

line on the deflexed portion. The first dorsal segment of

the hind body is rather long, and has at the extreme base

behind the suture of the elytra a transverse patch of

pubescence, from each side of which proceeds a very fine

raised line, not reaching however to the extremity of the

segment ; it has also a small pubescent fovea on each side

at the front angle. The legs are straight; the hind tibie

without apical spur.

Kobé; two specimens, though I cannot speak with any

certainty as to their sex—I guess them to be males.

122 Mr. David Sharp on the

19. Bryaxis cubitus, 0. sp. Rufulus, sat nitidus, tenuis-

sime pubescens, vix punctulatus; prothorace trifoveolato,

foveola intermedia lateralibus minore. Long. 1 ln.

Mas. antennis articulis sex ultimis incrassatis; tibiis

anterioribus intus ante apicem excisis: femoribus anteri-

oribus subtus ultra basin denticulo minuto; tibiis inter-

mediis apice unco valido, brevi, minus inflexo; pos-

terioribus apice abrupte curvatis, apice acute angulatis;

tarsis posterioribus articulo secundo leviter incrassato,

medio constricto; abdomine segmento ultimo ventrali

impressione magna, insignis.

Male. Antenne with the 2nd joint rather stout, shorter

than the 1st; 3rd rather slender, longer than 2nd; 4 and 5

similar to one another; 6th dilated, triangular; 7th broad,

transverse; 8th broad and short, smaller than the contiguous

ones, and placed a little obliquely to them; 9th very trans-

verse, 10th larger than 9th, equal and transverse; 11th

rather large, but not broader than 10th, obtusely pointed.

Head narrower than the thorax, with three large foveze on

the upper side, impunctate. Thorax only about half

as broad as the elytra, considerably narrowed behind,

not quite solong as broad, furnished with three fovez of

which the middle one is smaller than the others; it is im-

punctate, except that the extreme base behind the fovez is

finely punctured. Elytra without distinct punctuation,

with a sutural stria, whichis deeply impressed at its base,

and with a curved stria between this and the shoulder, and

also between these two strize with a deep fine impression at

the base. Hind body with the first dorsal segment longer

than the 2nd, but not so long as the 2nd and 8rd together.

Nagasaki; two specimens. This species is very re-

markable from the striking peculiarity of the antenne of

the male; the dilated portion of these organs is, as it were,

elbowed in the middle; joints 6, 7 and 8 seen from beneath

form a kind of irregular cavity.

Besides these two specimens, I have before me a female

Bryaxis from the same locality, which may possibly be the

female of B. cubitus. It wants all the characters given

above as those of the male of B. cubitus; it is also a little

smaller and has the thorax rather shorter. Its antennz

are slender, the 5th joint a little longer than the 4th; joints

7,8 and 9 small, particularly the 8th ; 10th joint larger than

9th, not transverse; 11th joint stout, obtusely pointed.

20, Bryaxis mundus,n. sp. Rufulus, sat nitidus, tenuis-

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 123

sime pubescens, vix punctulatus; prothorace trifoveolato,

foveola intermedia lateralibus minore. Long. vix 1 lin.

Mas, antennis articulis 10 et 11 magnis, 10°, 9° abrupte

majore, femoribus anterioribus subtus ultra basin denticulo

minutissimo ; tibiis posterioribus intus apice unco sat valido;

abdomine segmento ultimo ventrali impressione magn4

insignis.

Obs.—Species nostri europxi B. juncorum certe affinis;

sed major, magis concolor, cum capite prothoraceque haud

(vel vix) punctulatis, hoc minus transverso.

This species is closely allied to the B. cubitus, but is

rather smaller and the male characters are different and

much less striking. The antenne resemble in structure

those of B. juncorum, except that in the male the two last

joints are very much larger than they are in the female.

In the male sex these organs have the 4th joint rather

shorter than the contiguous ones; the 5th and 6th joints

rather long and similar to one another; the 7th and 8th

joints small, scarcely transverse; the 9th joint also small,

but distinctly broader than the 8th; 10th joint very large

in proportion to the 9th, transverse; 11th joint large and

stout, obtusely pointed. In the female the antenne are

relatively a little shorter than in the male, and have the

10th and 11th joints very much smaller.

Found on Mitzuyama, Nagasaki. Five individuals.

Besides these, Mr. Lewis has sent me a single specimen

of a male Bryaxis, which may prove to be either a variety

of B. mundus, or to belong to a closely allied but distinct

species. It differs chiefly in the antennz being stouter, the

7th, 8th and 9th joints distinctly stouter, and in its thorax

being rather shorter and more transverse. Should it prove

to be a distinct species from B. mundus, it is probable that

the imdividual I have alluded to in my description of B.

cubitus, as being possibly the female of that species, may

rather prove to be the female of this species: in which case

the female of B. cubitus yet remains unknown.

21. Bryaxis pullus,n.sp. Rufulus, sat nitidus, tenuissime

pubescens, vix punctulatus; prothorace trifoveolato,

foveolé intermedia minore; elytris basi sine impressione

inter striam suturalem et striam discoidalem. Long.

+ lin.

Mas, tibiis anticis intus ante apicem dente obtuso;

abdomine segmento ultimo ventrali medio impresso, 1m-

pressione minus discreta.

cat

124 Mr. David Sharp on the

Again allied to the European B. juncorum and of about

the same size, but brighter in colour, with the antenne

longer and the head and thorax impunctate. From B.

mundus, to which it is also closely allied, its smaller size

and narrower form, and the want of the impression at the

base of the elytra between the two striz, readily separate

it; and the male moreover is very readily distinguished

by the different $ characters. The antenne are rather long

and slender, and differ in the two sexes only inasmuch as

that the two last joints are more elongate in the male than

in the female ; joints 3—9 are particularly slender, joint 10

not transverse in the male, and only slightly so in the

female, joint 11 rather slender.

Mitzuyama (alt. 1,500 feet), Nagasaki. I have examined

ten specimens of this species.

I find that in B. pullus and B. mundus the first dorsal

segment of the hind body has two very fine lines at the

base, which I cannot detect in B. juncorum. In B. pullus

these two lines are very fine and not easily seen, and are

placed very close to one another behind the suture of the

elytra, while in B. mundus they are more distinct and

much more widely separated, each being placed just behind

the termination of discoidal stria of the elytra.

22. Bryazis curtus, n. sp. Rufo-testaceus, sat nitidus,

vix punctulatus; prothorace trifoveolato, foveola intermedia

minore; antennis brevioribus articulis duobus ultimis

ceteris multo latioribus. Long. 2 lin.

Mas, antennis articulis duobus ultimis validioribus.

This little Bryazxis has the head and thorax small in

proportion to the broad after-body. The antennz are

yellowish, short, the two basal joints broader than the

following ones, 3rd joint small, shorterand more slender than

2nd, joints 4—9 small; in the male the 9th joint is trans-

verse and extremely short, the 10th joint is also very trans-

verse, more than twice as broad as the 9th, 11th joint very

large, as broad as the 9th, obtusely pointed, furnished at

the base on the inner side with a kind of tubercle, or tooth;

in the female the 9th joint is slightly broader than its pre-

decessors, the 10th joint is transverse, and about twice as

broad as the 9th, the 11th joint is moderately large, about

as broad as the 9th. The head is broad and short, about

as broad as the thorax, impunctate, with the usual three

fovee. Thorax short in proportion to its width, but much

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 125

narrower than the elytra, impunctate, with three fovex, of

which the middle one is smaller than the lateral ones.

Elytra much longer than the thorax, with an impression

at the extreme base between the two striz.

Except in the structure of the antennz the male appears

to me only to differ from the female, by possessing a small

projection at the extremity of the middle tibiz on their

inner side.

Nagasaki; seven specimens.

23. Bryaxis crassipes,n. sp. Brunneus, obscure rufes-

cens; prothorace crebre punctato, bifoveolato; elytris

punctulatis: pedibus crassiusculis. Long. 2 lin.

Mas, tibiis intermediis apice intus unco armatis; abdo-

mine segmento ultimo ventrali transversim foveolato.

Fem. latet.

This curious little Bryazis has at first sight somewhat

the appearance of a Bythinus ; it is remarkable (in the male

sex at any rate) by its stout legs, the hinder tibie being

particularly broad and laterally compressed. The antennz

are rather short and slender; 3rd joint more slender, and a

little shorter than 2nd; 4—9 differing little from one

another ; 10th broader than 9th, rather transverse; 11th

joint moderately stout, more than twice as long as the 10th,

pointed. Head short and broad, but narrower than the

thorax, with the usual three fovew, almost impunctate.

Thorax short and broad, but narrower than the elytra,

closely and distinctly punctured, with a fovea on each side,

and also with an extremely minute one in the middle.

Elytra rather short, but longer than the thorax, finely

punctured, with a sutural stria, and a second stria, which

does not reach quite to the extremity, between this and

the shoulder. First dorsal segment of hind body with two

distinct fine lines at the base; they are moderately distant

but diverge very considerably.

A single specimen. Nagasaki.

24. Bythinus japonicus, n. sp. Fulvus, sat nitidus,

capite prothoraceque punctatis, opacis ; elytris sat crebre

fortiter punctatis; palpis articulo ultimo anguste securi-

formi. Long. 2 lin.

Mas, antennis articulo secundo magno, globoso ; pedibus

plus minusve incrassatis.

Allied to B. puncticollis, but of narrower and more

126 Mr. David Sharp on the

parallel form, with the last joint of the maxillary palpi

shaped much as in B. Curtisi, and with the second joint

of the antennz in the male large and globose as in Curtis?,

but without the projection on its inner side that exists

in that species. ‘The head is opaque, being finely rugose-

punctate; it has two distinct impressions united in front.

The thorax is rather short in proportion to its width;

closely punctured so as to be dull; it has a fine curved line

near the base. The elytra are rather long and parailel ;

they are rather strongly punctured, the punctures, though

not coarse, being distinct and well marked ; they have a

well-marked humeral impression.

In the male the 2nd joint of the antenne is large and

globose, and much stouter than the basal jomt. The legs

also, especially the thighs, are incrassate in the male, but

this character appears variable, as is the case in our

B. puncticollis.

Fukuhora, Nagasaki; six specimens.

SCYDMZNIDZE.

1, Eumicrus vestitus, n. sp. Brunneus, sat nitidus,

pube erecta subtili densius vestitus. Long. 11 lin.

Mas, tarsis anterioribus dilatatis; trochanteribus inter-

mediis acute angulatis; tibiis intermediis ante apicem

intus excisis, excisione longius pubescente, apice ipso unco

armatis ; metasterno medio longitudinaliter impresso, im-

pressionis lateribus acute elevatis.

This species is remarkable from the very dense upright

pubescence with which it is clothed, as well as by the

sexual characters of the male. The antennez are rather

longer than head and thorax, with the 5th joint much

longer than the contiguous ones; the 7th and 8th joints

small and rather transverse; the three last joints stouter

than the others, but not transverse. Thorax very similar

in form to that of C. tarsatus, its basal impressions very

large. After-body broad and short; the elytra with the

suture at the base elevated and thickened, and with a large

and deep intra-humeral impression.

In the male the antenne are slightly more elongate

(especially the club) than in the male; the four anterior

thighs are incrassate: the middle trochanters (which are

a little tuberculate in the female) are acutely angulated ;

the middle tibixe are excised at the extremity, where they

are more densely pubescent. The metasternum is remark-

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 127

able by its wide and deep impression, the sides of which are

elevated; and the last ventral segment of the hind body

is much longer than in the female.

Abundant in refuse both in Kushiu and Nipon.

Obs.— The structure of the metasternum in the male is

very notable, and it should be remarked that I have de-

scribed a very similar formation of that part in the males

of the Japanese species of Ctenistes.

2. Seydmenus (Euconnus, Thomson) japonicus, n. sp.

Fulvo-testaceus, nitidus, antennis pedibusque gracilioribus;

prothorace hirtello ; elytris ampliatis, setis erectis, tenuibus,

longioribus vestitis. Long. } lin.

Allied to our S. jimetarius, but larger and very diffe-

rently coloured, the elytra broader, and their setz more

conspicuous. Antenne yellow, long and slender, the four

apical joints long and slender, though distinctly thicker

than the others; the 2nd joint longer than the Ist, 7th

joint slender and elongate, 8th joint slender, much longer

than broad; 9th and 10th similar to one another, rather

stouter and shorter than 8th; 11th joint rather longer

than 10th. Head much narrower than thorax, with the

eyes rather large and coarsely facetted. Thorax longer

than broad, narrowed to the front, impunctate but clothed

with fine hairs; in front of the base, on each side, there

is a transverse impression. Elytra considerably widened

from the shoulders to a little beyond the middle, and then

greatly narrowed to the extremity, shining and impunctate,

but with very long, fine outstanding hairs; legs long and

slender. the basal portions of the femora slender, their

apical half clavate. Mesosternum with the carina strongly

developed. Metasternum large, convex and impunctate.

Hind body immersed in the elytra.

Common in marshes, especially at Urakami, Nagasaki.

3. Scydmenus debilis,n. sp. Fusco-testaceus, antennis

pedibusque testaceis; illis brevioribus, articulis tribus

ultimis abrupte majoribus; prothorace hirtello, basi

transversim impresso; elytris setis sat elongatis, sub-

erectis vestitis. Long. 3 lin. :

This little Scydmenus should, I think, be referred to

the subgenus Huconnus of Thomson, though its antenne

are much shorter than in the other species of the group.

The antennz are scarcely so long as the head and thorax,

joints 3—8 scarcely differing from one another, small,

128 Mr. David Sharp on the

each about as long as broad; 9th and 10th joints similar

to one another, much broader than the preceding joints,

only slightly transverse ; 11th joint rather short and stout,

about as broad as 10th, pointed. Head much narrower

than the thorax, impunctate, the vertex elevated. Thorax

rather longer than broad, narrowed to the front, irregularly

clothed with fine hairs, with a tranverse impression (scarcely

interrupted in the middle) in front of the base. Elytra

much broader than the thorax, but still rather narrow,

much narrowed behind, completely covering the hind body

except the utmost extremity of the pygidium ; they have

an elongate intra-humeral impression, and are moderately

closely clothed with rather long suberect fine hairs. The

legs are rather short. The metasternum is long, being

about the same length as the abdomen.

Four specimens from refuse. Nagasaki.

4. Scydmenus fustiger, n. sp. Rufescens, nitidus,

pube fulvescente erecta densius vestitus ; antennis pedi-

busque testaceis, brevioribus, ills articulis quatuor ultimis

abrupte majoribus; prothorace basi quadrifoveolato.

Long. % lin.

Antennz yellow, shorter than head and thorax ; 2nd

joint rather long, 3—7 very small, 8—11 broad, forming

an abrupt club; 8th rather longer than 9th and 10th, these

two very transverse ; 11th joint short, rather narrower than

the 10th. Head narrower than the thorax, the vertex

much elevated and produced over the front of the thorax ;

it is rather densely clothed with fine hairs. Thorax rather

longer than broad, narrowed to the front, rather densely

clothed with hairs, with two large punctiform impressions

on each side of the middle in front of the base. Elytra

redder than the rest of the insect, broad and short, rather

densely clothed with pubescence, the humeral angle ele-

vated into a rather stout plica.

Though I have been able to examine only a single

specimen of the insect (the pubescence of which is evidently

not in a very natural condition), I have ventured to de-

scribe it, as I think the structure of its antennz will render

the species quite recognizable.

Nagasaki. j

5. Scydmenus reversus, n. sp.

Testaceus, subopacus,

confertim punctatus, subtilissime

pubescens ; prothorace

Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. 129

subcordato, quali: pygidio nudo, tuberculo magno in-

structo ; mesosterno ecarinato. Long. vix } lin.

Antenne yellow, about as long as head and thorax; Ist

joint longer than 2nd, joints 3, 4 and 5 differing little from

one another, each longer than broad; 6, 7 and 8 small,

similar to one another; 9, 10 and 11 forming a slender

elongate club; 9th and 10th joints slightly transverse ;

11th joint rather large, not quite so long as the two pre-

ceding together. Head subquadrate, truncate behind,

very finely punctured, narrower than the thorax. Thorax

narrower than the elytra, longer than broad, narrowed

behind, densely and distinctly punctured so as to be quite

dull, and extremely finely pubescent, without impressions

or elevations. After-body rather narrow and elongate.

The elytra distinctly (but more finely than the thorax)

punctured and clothed with a fine depressed pubescence,

with a very obsolete humeral impression. The pygidium

is largely exposed, and bears a large tubercle, which is a

little curved upwards. The mesosternum is without keel ;

the metasternum rather long; and the posterior tro-

chanters are rather elongate.

A single specimen. Tagami, Nagasaki.

Obs.— This remarkable little insect has somewhat the

facies of a small Anthicus; if submitted to a complete

examination it would probably offer the characters of a

new genus. Iam uncertain as to its sex: the front tarsi

are scarcely at all dilated, so that I have not called it a

Eumicrus, though, if the specimen should be a female, it

would by its characters belong to that genus, rather than

to Scydmenus. :

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I, (FEB.)

130 Mr. David Sharp on the Pselaphide, §c. of Japan.

List oF SPECIES.

PSELAPHIDZ®.

Lasinus (n. g.) spinosus, n. sp.

Centrotoma prodiga, n. sp.

Stipesa (n. g.) rudis, n. sp.

Tmesiphorus speratus, n. sp.

Ctenistes oculatus, n. sp.

armatus, n. sp.

medius, n. sp.

similis, n. sp.

Batrisus optatus, n. sp.

angustus, 0. sp.

ornatus, n. sp.

stipes, n. sp.

dissimilis, n. sp.

modestus, n. sp.

Morana (n. g.) discedens, n. sp.

Bryaxis princeps, n. sp.

alienus, n. sp.

protervus, n. sp.

cubitus, n. sp.

mundus, n. sp.

pullus, n. sp.

curtus, 0. sp.

crassipes, 0. sp.

Bythinus japonicus, n. sp.

ScYDMZNIDZ.

Eumicrus vestitus, n. sp.

Scydmenus japonicus, n. sp.

debilis, n. sp.

fustiger, n. sp.

reversus, 0. sp.

as a

III. Notes on the Habits of Papilio Merope, with a

description of its Larva and Pupa. By J. P.

ManseEL WEALE, B.A.

[Read 17th November, 1873.]

AT the request of Mr. Trimen I have for the last two

years given my attention to the study of Papilio Merope,

Cram., and I now propose to lay before the Society the

result of my study of its life-history.

During my residence at the Koonap and Bedford, from

1864-69, I spent most of my time in collecting insects and

plants. So conspicuous a butterfly as Papilio Merope,

with which I had become acquainted at Grahamstown

and Peddie, could hardly have escaped my observation,

yet, during the whole of that time, the first four years of

which were very dry, with prevalent north-westerly winds,

I only twice noticed Merope 2, viz., December and Feb-

ruary, 1868-69.

When Mr. Trimen informed me of his opinion that

P. Cenea was the female of Merope, I must own that I

was very sceptical, notwithstanding my own observations

of some curious cases of mimicry.

Following up the subject with a good deal of zeal, I

began to learn the habits of P. Cenea, and to understand

the meaning of the peculiar circular flight of Merope, as

mentioned by Mr. Trimen in Rhopalocera Africe Austra-

lis, vol. i. p. 12.

At the bottom of my garden, at ‘* Brooklyn,” near King

William’s Town, js a glen or kloof, filled with trees and

shrubs, through which runs a small stream. A portion of

this I have partially cleared and planted with flowers and

garden shrubs. The spot is nicely sheltered, and receives

the early rays of the morning sun. It isa favourite resort

of butterflies.

If on a fine warm summer’s morning I go down to this

kloof, about 9 or 10 a.m., I am nearly certain to see one

of the females, generally a Cenea. At this time of day

she flies lazily about, much after the manner of a Danais,

or flutters over the flowers like a true Papilio. Her mate

is not generally so early on the wing, but shortly after-

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.) K 2

132 Mr. J. P. Mansel Weale’s Notes on the

wards he may be seen hurriedly darting over the bush,

down on some flower, then up again and away. At this

hour he seems to pay but little attention to his lady-love.

As the day grows warmer, the females, generally but not

always, glide away into some shady spot, often settling for

long periods, or occasionally gliding about in their cool

and sequestered bowers. The males at this time chase

each other in a rapid and violent manner, constantly pass-

ing and repassing the hidden nook, where their lady-love

has coyly retired.

As the afternoon draws on the females leave their

retiring spot and flutter slowly about, sometimes coming

out into the open, but more apparently to show themselves

than for the sake of food. On one occasion I saw four

males busily courting a female, but unfortunately I dis-

turbed them. I have several times seen individuals court-

ing, but the conclusion has always been as follows, viz.:—

The female darts away into the thickest bush pursued

by the male, and out of sight. Sometimes I have noticed

that the females will, towards the close of the afternoon,

try to attract the males by flying at them when settled.

On one occasion I noticed a male fly after a very large

Danais Echeria which I had myself mistaken for a Cenea-

form of the female, but after once approaching, though

repeatedly passing the place where she had settled, he paid

her no more attention. As I thought it strange I cap-

tured the supposed Cenea, and then found it was D.

Echeria.

Lastly, I would notice that I have seen a Tehitrea cris-

tata capture a Merope 6, and chase a P. Nireus, and I

have little doubt that this bird, as well as Diéicrurus

musicus, Vieil., is most destructive to bush-frequenting

Rhopalocera.

The conclusion to my observations was the discovery of

the ova, larvee, and pupz of this insect.

The larva feeds on the leaves of Vepris lanceolata, A. Juss.,

one of the Xanthoxylacez; and the filamentous tubercles

in the early stages lead me to suspect that it may resemble

the larva of Danais Echeria. The suspicion is certainl

bold, but the pupa is such a perfect imitation of the leaflets

of its food-plant, and so diverse is the livery of the perfect

female, that I do not think it improbable, especially as the

full-grown larva, which also feeds on the upper surface of

the leaf, is very difficult to distinguish from the leaf,

From the first two pupe raised by me, two males of the

Flabits of Papilio Merope. 133

ordinary type Merope issued; from the third, a very

peculiarly marked female of the Hippocoon form, and

from the fourth a Cenea with the forewing white-spotted,

with a faint tinge of ochreous in one spot.

Danais Echeria here is of the white-spotted variety,

the type-form being very rare, and the imitating female

Merope is similarly coloured as a rule.

With respect to the coloration, I would notice that

when settled both Merope and his various wives are very

difficult to distinguish from withered foliage, although in

the cabinet the peculiar tone is wanting. On the wing

the imitation must be of great service to the female, for

her flight is very heavy and slow, while the males dart up

and down with great rapidity, and her habit of gliding in

and out of bushes must expose her to the attack of birds.

In the drawing I have to note that the pupz of Merope

are figured with the head processes recurved. In the

early stage of the pupa these processes are exceedingly

flexible, and when in contact with any hard substance are

often recurved, although normally tapering to a point.

I have also to note in reference to the pupz of P. Me-

rope, that although smaller than the folioles of Vepris

lanceolata, yet that the general appearance is very similar.

The leaflets like the pupz are paler below than above, and

the mid-rib is slightly ferruginous; the leaflets are likewise

undulated, an appearance well personated by the pupe.

The upper surface is more glossy than the lower, the base

cuneate and sessile, and the margins often slightly inflexed.

The surface, too, is multipunctate and reticulate, all of

which points are to some extent imitated by the chrysalis.

Description of Larva and Pupa of Papilio Merope, Cram.

Larva.—\st stage. Black, with white filamentous tuber-

cles on 2nd segment and anal segment.

2nd stage. Two pairs of filamentous tubercles on same

segments, the first and last pair longest, a white transverse

lunular band connected with the head laterally across 6th

and 7th segments. Laterally a broad white band above

spiracles. Last two segments whitish.

From this growth to the last change but one, the fila-

mentous tubercles grow longer, and the ground colour

changes from greenish-brown to greenish, and the white

markings grow less distinct.

Full-grown larva.—Bluish-green, like larva of Philog-

134 Mr. J. P. Mansel Weale’s Notes on the

noma Vuranes. Tubercles very short, those next head

yellowish, on anal segment whitish, very much like a slug

in shape. Y-like organ crimson lake at base, tapering to

ereenish-white. On 4th segment, two small black spots,

bordered by a narrow white line; 6th and 7th segments

festooned with delicate whitish zig-zag lines. A double

row of bluish white dots along back. Lateral borders

above spiracles white. Head and true legs green, false

legs pale ochreous. 1} to 13 inch long.

Pupa.—Bright green, paler beneath, with pale yellow

linear stripes and dots. Very arched in middle, tapering

to extremities. Fork at head merely divided, the branches

nearly parallel.

Ventral aspect.—From head to abdomen a pale yellow

line, forming a keel-like ridge, three pairs of pale yellow

dots, on base of wing covers two irregular yellowish spots,

sometimes wanting; wing nervures, &c., palely indicated by

yellow lines; two lateral ridges yellowish, marked with

brownish as in Papilio Nireus, its edges somewhat re-

curved towards dorsal aspect. Two brownish spots some-

times on abdomen.

The second third, between the suspensory threads, very

much extended laterally.

Dorsal aspect.—Thoracic projection smaller than in P.

Nireus, and, like it, tipped with a brown dot; abdomen

somewhat concave from anal extremity to thoracic promi-

nence, a dark mark, like the mid-rib of a leaf, termmating

at the anal pedicel with a double loop resembling the joint

of the footstalk of a leaf. Two small triangular yellow

marks on abdomen, sometimes wanting. Viewed from

the side or below, the resemblance to a leaflet is very

striking.

Change from larva to pupa.

The caterpillar generally fixes its anal legs below the

axil of a leafstalk, and fastens itself below 6th segment

with a double thread to the petiole; the whole body be-

comes flaccid and pale green, with an increase of white

along the sides, the head curved upwards and inwards.

In this state it invariably remains for about twenty-four

hours. The body then contracts longitudinally, and the

skin is gradually pushed backwards; when the skin of

head is detached, the bifid tubercles of head, which in this

stage are widely separated, are pointed upwards, and pushed

against the suspensory threads; the antenns, which are

detached from the rest of the body, are likewise bent up-

Habits of Papilio Merope. 135

wards, and the united efforts of the tubercles and antenn»y

push the loose skin between the suspensory threads. The

body is then violently bent from side to side. The thread

by which the anal extremity is attached is lengthened, so

that it becomes almost detached, and the loose skin is then

shaken off.

After a slight pause, the fork of head becomes straight-

ened, and the tubercles parallel. The body is at intervals

drawn up at the thorax; the head is drawn downwards,

and the antennez become attached to the body. The anal

extremity is again attached. The keel and lateral ridges

appear, and the bifid processes, which are now closely

parallel, are bent downwards. The imago emerges in

three weeks.

The following is a list of imagines raised by me from

larvae :-—

30th March, 1. Merope. &

10th April, 2. Do. 3

Te a 6 De ‘ fener Hippocoon

orm,

Poth 550. A. Do. @ Kaffrarian Cenea form. .

20GhY= 45 Ds Do. e a fe

Bath 40%, 6. Do. $

26th ~~ ,, (ie Do. 2 Trophonius form.

Ist May, 8. Do. $

2nd .,; 9. Do. 2 Kaffrarian Cenea.

Forewings with a black

4 mark at extremity of dis-

coidal cell, hindwings

like Papilio Meriones.

a 10. Do.

Bs 11. Do. 3

ive re Do. 2 Kaffrarian Cenea.

13.

14.

15. Dox 6, (CR. Enmen):

16.

It will thus be noticed that the males are as numerous,

or only a little more so, than the females. This conclusion

I had previously arrived at from observation. ‘The rarity

of females in collections I believe to be principally owing

to their peculiar and retiring habits. In the Perie forest

I have seen dozens of the male, but never a female, and I

attribute this to the difficulty of penetrating the thick

136 Mr. J. P. Mansel Weale’s Notes on PapilioMerope.

bush. Nothing can be more remarkable than the diffe-

rence of flight in the two sexes, and I have already else-

where noticed that the female of Nymphalis Xiphares,

which is much more easily captured than the male, ap-

pears to me to be assuming an E’cherioid protection.

In my collection I have a remarkable series of the

females with various intermediate examples, some of which

are very curious, and I entertain a suspicion, perhaps un-

founded, that the Hippocoon and T'rophonius forms are

here being slightly modified to an imitation of a very

common and variable Acrea—viz. Acrea Esebria,

Hewitson.

Explanation of Plate I.

Figs. 1—1. The Larva in different stages of growth, with leaflets of

Vepris lanceolata. (1*. Ventral aspect).

Fig. la. The Larva immediately before assuming the pupal condition.

Figs. 2—2. The Pupa viewed dorsally.

Fig. 2a. The Pupa viewed thoracically and ventrally.

% 2b. The Pupa viewed laterally.

9% 3. The g Imago (example “No. 6” of those reared by Mr.

Weale) at rest, to show the protective resemblance of

re colouring of the under-surface to that of faded

eaves.

Coie)

IV. Observations on the Case of Papilio Merope, Auct. ;

with an account of the various known forms of

that Butterfly. By Rotanp Tren, F.L.S.,

F.Z.S., &c., Curator of the South-African Museum.

[Read 17th November, 1873. ]

In connection with the foregoing yery interesting paper

by Mr. Mansel Weale I think it may prove of use if

I give a brief résumé of the case of Papilio Merope, and

at the same time add a few remarks by way of supplement

to Mr. Weale’s observations.

My first introduction to this butterfly in nature took

place in 1858, at Knysna, on the south coast of the Cape

Colony. The males were numerous in the woods of that

district, and from their size and pale colouring were the

most conspicuous of all the forest insects. Papilio Cenea,

Stoll (now proved by Mr. Weale to be one form of the

Merope), was scarce, and I did not meet with a specimen

of it until I had been familiar with Merope for some

months. The first Cenea that I found, I very nearly

passed by as an ordinary Danais (Amauris) Echeria,

Stoll, but something peculiar about the size and markings

attracted my attention and led me to capture the insect.

I well recollect my astonishment on finding that I had

taken a Papilio! The points in which this specimen

resembled Merope—viz. the apical spot of the forewings

and the colouring and spotting of the whole body—at

once struck me, and were noted in writing on the date of

capture ; but I was not at that time at all aware of the

extent to which sexual disparity is carried in nature, and

instead of crediting Cenea with her proper position as the

lawful wife of Merope, I inclined to the belief that she

was an illegitimate hybrid between the noble Merope and

the dusky Danais Kcheria! When I afterwards met

with other examples of Cenea, and also with two of the

form Trophonius, Westwood, I had to abandon my idea

of a hybrid, and was fairly puzzled.

It was not until the year 1866, that my brooding sus-

picions of some mysterious connection between Merope

TRANS. ENT. Soc. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.)

138 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations on the

and Cenea took a definite shape. Mr. H. W. Bates had

sent me his admirable paper on the Heliconidz of the

Amazons Valley,* which so ably discusses and explains

Mimetism among Lepidoptera and other insects. My

friend Mrs. Barber, in June of that year, sending me

specimens of Cenea from near Grahamstown, requested

me to send her a male Cenea, in order that she might

figure him in her series of drawings of the South-African

Butterflies.t I soon discovered that I was not in a posi-

tion to supply even this modest order; no such creature

as a “male Cenea” could be found either in the collection

of the South-African Museum or in my own. A strict

examination of that suspicious character, P. Merope,

resulting in nothing but males, I felt convinced that it

was “a case;” and subsequent close comparison of the

two butterfles only strengthened my conviction that they

were the sexes of one and the same species. I at once

communicated my view of the case to Mrs. Barber, who

(as well as her brother, Mr. J. H. Bowker) was somewhat

incredulous, though manifestly not unprepared to find it turn

out a true one. Mr. Bowker, indeed, had discovered the

widely-differing sexes in the not dissimilar case of Papilio

Echerioides, Trimen,t and so could not fail to be in a

position to admit the possibility, if not probability, of my

view.

During the earlier part of the year 1867, I made a

collecting excursion in Natal, and indulged the hope that

-I might then have the opportunity of taking the sexes

together, but in this I was disappointed, though I once

saw Merope in pursuit of Cenea.§

On proceeding to England, later in the same year,

I pursued my examination of the sex of all the accessible

specimens of Merope, Cenea, Trophonius, Dionysos,

Doubl., and Hippocoon, Fab., and found nothing but

males of the first, and females of the rest. In a paper

read before the Entomological Society on 2nd December,

I mentioned my belief that Cenea was the 2 Merope,|

and intimated my intention of treating fully of this and

* Trans, Linn. Soc. vol. xxiii.

+ In the same letter Mrs. Barber stated that she had noticed Cenca

laying her eggs on the underside of the leaves of Vepris lanceolata; keep-

ing about the uppermost branches of the tree, so that it would not be easy

to secure the larve.

t See Trans. Ent. Soc., 1868, p. 76.

§ See Entom. Monthly Mag. March, 1868, p. 220.

|| Trans. Ent. Soc., 1868, p. 76, note.

Case of Papilio Merope. 139

some similar cases in another paper. I carried out this

intention in a paper read before the Linnean Society on

5th March, 1868,* which described all the cases of

mimicry among African butterflies with which I was then

acquainted. With P. Merope, I associated all the female

forms just mentioned, pointing out how two of them

(Cenea and Hippocoon) accurately imitated Danais

Echeria and D. Niavius respectively, and a_ third,

Trophonius, fairly copied D. Chrysippus. The still

prevalent instability of the ¢ Merope was indicated by a

reference to the various specimens more or less inter-

mediate between the more pronounced forms, which are

sometimes met with. Referring to the closely-allied

P. Meriones, of Madagascar, I noted that the 2 of that

species only differed from the ¢ in the possession of a broad

black bar on the costa of the forewings ; which marking

I suggested as the material upon which—in the case of

active persecution and destruction of all the paler females

of the allied species on the African continent—* natural

selection might gradually work, to the ultimate production

of a Danaidiform butterfly like Hippocoon or even Cenea.

My view of the case naturally met with more acceptance

among entomologists who had observed insects in tropical

or sub-tropical regions than among those whose experience

was limited to Europe, and it received the weighty support

of Mr. Bates in his Address to the Society at the Anni-

versary Meeting on the 25th January, 1869.t Mr. A. G.

Butler,t and Mr. W. F. Kirby, § subsequently published

their belief in the case by giving Cenea, &c., as the females

of Merope, and of the Western form (Brutus, Fab.) re-

spectively.

Among the lepidopterists with whom I have the plea-

sure to be acquainted, I think the most uncompromising

opponent of my view of this matter was my friend

Mr. Hewitson;—though I must say that our distinguished

President, Professor Westwood, was almost as resolute in

his unbelief. Iam not aware that the latter published any-

thing on the subject ; but Mr. Hewitson, in the letter-press

accompanying his excellent figures of Hippocoon, and the

closely allied forms from Western Africa (Frot. Butt.,

* Trans. Linn. Soc. vol. xxvi.

+ Proce. Ent. Soc., 1868, pp. Ixviii., xix.

t Trans. Ent. Soc., 1869, pp. 275, 276; and Cat. Fabr. D. Lep. in B. M.,

1869, p. 252.

§ Synon. Catal. Di. Lep., 1871, p. 563.

140 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations on the

pt. 72, Oct. 1869), remarked on the case as follows, viz.

“ T have figured the species of the plate in confirmation of

an opinion expressed by Mr. Trimen, which I have my-

self long held, that P. Hippocoon and P. Dionysos are

one species, now confirmed beyond a doubt by the very

interesting intermediate varieties. . . . . I cannot,

at present, associate with them either P. Cenea of Stoll,

or P. Trophonius of Westwood, although the latter very

much resembles them. . . . That the butterflies now

figured are all females there cannot, I think, be a doubt ;*

but that they are the females of . Merope, as suggested

by Mr. Trimen, I do not for one moment believe. P. Me-

rope, of Madagascar, has a female the exact image of itself;

and it would require a stretch of the imagination, of which

I am incapable, to believe that the P. Merope of the main-

land, having no specific difference, indulges in a whole

harem of females, differing as widely from it as any other

species in the genus. The fact that P. Merope, when re-

ceived from the Continent, is always of the $ sex, and the

Cenea groups all females, is very slender evidence. We

receive constantly a large number of butterflies of which

we know but one sex. Nearly all the many species of

Catagramma are without their females. That the male

Merope has been seen chasing the female Ceneais evidence

still more slight, when butterflies of widely differing families,

as recorded by Mr. Algernon Chapman in the Entomo-

logical Magazine for this month, may be discovered in

copulation. It is true that we have of late been intro-

duced to some strange anomalies in the sexes, but to none

which bear comparison to this. In the orange-banded

Kpicalias, there is no resemblance certainly between the

male and female, either in colour or in the arrangement of

the spots; but there is no total disagreement in form. In

the two species of Papilio which have lately been united,

Torquatus and Caudius, and Argentus and Torquatinus,

though much unlike each other, there is quite sufficient

resemblance not to shock one’s notions of propriety.

“Mr. Trimen, in the paper in the Transactions of the

Linnean Society in which he discusses this subject, and de-

tails the biography of P. Merope, from its first creation in

Madagascar to its subsequent wonderful polymorphosis on

* “Mr. Trimen, if I understand him right, gives this (may I call it a

dream) as a supposition only. Mr. Bates, in his address as president of

the Entomological Society, speaks of it as an established fact.” Hewitson,

loc. cit., note.

Case of Papilio Merope. 141

the Continent, says that ‘entomologists, no less than natu-

ralists generally, appeared content with a child-like wonder

at this and kindred facts, and let them pass as things in-

scrutable,’ until Mr. Darwin gave us a ‘ rational explana-

tion of these phenomena.’ I must say, and I hope that

I may do so without giving offence to any one, that I prefer

the childlike attitude of former naturalists to the childish

guesses of those of the Darwinian school.”

It is with reluctance that one contemplates the stretch-

ing of Mr. Hewitson’s imagination to an extent ‘of which

he is incapable,” or the inevitable shock which his “ notions

of propriety” will receive, but the evidence now adduced

by Mr. Weale is such that the profoundest sceptic cannot

explain it away, and must allow that the dream had proved

to be a true vision. As far as the southern race is con-

cerned, it has now been proved indisputably, that the so-

called distinct species, Papilio Crnea, Stoll, P. Tropho-

nius, Westwood, and P. Hippocoon, Fabricius (austral

form), are the differing females of Papilio Merope,

Cramer.

I need not trouble the Society with any account of my

various endeavours, since 1868, to get the Merope-Cenea

case established beyond refutation. It is sufficient to say

that I kept the subject prominently-before those of my

correspondents in South Africa who had opportunities of

observing the two butterflies in nature. Mr. Mansel

Weale, as mentioned in his paper, has latterly been very

favourably situated for the purpose, and merits the thanks

of entomologists for the thorough manner in which he has

availed himself of his advantages, - From time to time he

has sent me most tantalizing notes of the very suspicious

proceedings of Merope and Cenea in that delightful wooded

glen which is so conveniently situated “ at the bottom of

his garden,” and I gradually became convinced that his

clearing-up of the case would be only a question of time.

On the 3rd March last, he announced im a letter that he

had “ six larvae of Cenea-Merope, all in good health,—one

just out of egg,” and supplemented the welcome news on

the 20th, by the intimation that he had by that time no less

than twenty-two larve. A letter dated the 14th April in-

formed me that two specimens of Merope, and a peculiarly-

marked Hippocoon, had resulted from the three larve that

first puparised, while a brief postscript on the 15th com-

pleted the intelligence by declaring the emergence of a Cenea

from a fourth pupa. Accompanying this letter were two

142 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations an the —

pup of the butterfly, kindly sent to me by Mr. Weale ;

and from one of these, on the 6th May, I had the great

pleasure of rearing Merope. The other pupa up to this

time (2nd June) has not produced the imago, and its dis-

coloured surface makes me apprehend that it is dead.

The protective resemblance of exposed lepidopterous

pupe to their surroundings is very general; but it is

specially interesting to find that a butterfly protected by

mimicry to such an extraordinary extent in its imago con-

dition as P. Merope, should be almost as strikingly

favoured in the pupa state. Mr. Weale’s description and

figures show how closely the chrysalis copies the leaflets of

Vepris lanceolata among which it is suspended, the

veriest minutiz of colouring and outline being strictly

imitated. Though I have not had the pleasure of seeing

it attached to the living plant, I can bear witness to the

striking imitation which the chrysalis presents of a lan-

ceolate leaf. Even on the bare twig of a mimosa to which

I had attached it, the leaf-like appearance was so great as

to deceive several persons to whom I exhibited the finer of

the two pup sent to me by Mr. Weale. It is most re-

markable that the ventral and dorsal aspect of the chrysalis

should be of quite different shades of green, corresponding

respectively with the colouring of the upper and under

surfaces of the leaves. The modifications of shape and

outline which combine with the colouring to complete this

deceptive resemblance are unusually great, when the pupa

is compared with those of other species of Papilio. Not

only is the whole pupa much flattened, and the convexity

of the ventral and pectoral region balanced by an unusual

concavity of the dorsal region (with almost a suppression

of the dorso-thoracic prominence), but the development

and expansion of the lateral longitudinal ridges is very

pronounced. The cephalic projections, however, exhibit

the most unique form. Ifthese had retained the customary

conspicuous divergence into two prominent processes, as

in P. Demoleus, P. Nireus, &c., it is obvious that the

general resemblance to a leaf would have been greatly les-

sened, and the object of concealment to some extent frus-

trated. These projections are, however, brought closely

together, so that their inner edges touch throughout their

length tothe very extremity,* and their outer edges converge

* Here and there at the meeting-line the contact is not exact, leaving

minute crevices between the two projections of the head.

Case of Papilio Merope. 143

to a common point; and in this manner the tip of the leaf is

accurately represented. I do not think that any case of

the same modification of a Papilio pupa is on record, as

regards the cephalic processes; but it appears that, in one

section of the genus, those processes are reduced to a mere

blunt elevation, while the dorso-thoracic prominence is pro-

duced to some distance above and beyond the head into an

elongated point,—obviously to give the dorsal aspect of

the pupa the appearance of a leaf. The chrysalides that

I refer to are those of Papilio Brasidas, Felder (the

southern form of P. Leonidas, Fab.), which has been

figured by Mr. H. C. Harford from specimens found in

Natal, and of the Indian PP. Sarpedon, Linn., and

P. Eurypylus, Linn., figured in the Catalogue of Lepi-

doptera in the Hon. E. I. C. Museum (1857; pl. i,

f. 8 a, and pl. xu., f. 10 a). The pupe of the three

species last referred to are, however,—to judge from the

figures—so robust in proportions that their likeness to

leaves must (except on the dorsal view) be much less com-

plete than that afforded by the pupa of Merope.

Under the heading “ change from larva to pupa,” it

will be observed that Mr. Weale notes the remarkable

circumstance that the cephalic processes are at the outset

widely separated in the developing pupa of Merope, and

the further most singular fact that they, in conjunction

with the concaved haustellum or antenne, are used by the

insect to rid itself of the larval skin. These observations

were so new to me, that I thought it well to address Mr.

Weale on the subject, and his reply is as follows, viz. :—

** With respect to the transformations, you may have

noticed I first of all put ‘haustellum’ for ‘antenne,’ and

I am rather disposed to think the first right; and will

endeavour to preserve one next year in the process.

I never remember noticing anything of the sort in any

other butterfly. The following

will give you a rough idea of

the appearance. Whether it be

the haustellum or antenn, it or

they are quite detached along the -

middle from the body, and after-

wards become attached. The line

of joining is coincident with the keel-like ridge, and at the

time is soft and very viscid, and the junction is com-

pletely hidden by the up-arching of the body during the

last part of the transformation.”

144 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations on the

This temporary functional activity of the cephalic pro-

cesses for a special object, aided by the freedom for the

time of the incipient haustellum (or antenne ?) case, 1s

quite unprecedented in my experience, nor can I recall

any record of similar action attending the assumption of

the pupal form among the Lepidoptera. And it is cer-

tainly a most curious and interesting fact that the very

organs actively employed in ensuring the due accomplish-

ment of the chrysalis state are specially those which, when

the change is complete, assume a position and appearance

essential to the protection of the imsect,—the haustellum

representing the midrib of the leaf (on the upper side) and

the processes the apex.

With reference to the various forms of MMerope reared

by Mr. Weale from the larvee of the past season taken on

his farm, I very much regret to state that my intention of

forwarding the whole series to the Society, in illustration

of that gentleman’s memoir, cannot be carried into effect.

Mr. Weale kindly despatched the specimens in a stout

corked box, but they sustained such grievous injuries on

their 700 miles journey by post, that they arrived in a

state which quite precludes their being used for purposes

of illustration, as far as the females are concerned,—the

males being mostly but little damaged. By dint of some

care and trouble, however, I have been able to patch up

the females to a sufficient extent for their proper determi-

nation, and can testify to their due definition in the list

which Mr. Weale has given. The ‘‘ peculiar Hippocoon

form” (No. 3), is one of several variations with which

I am acquainted, linking that form of the 2 to the form

Cenea. In the forewings both the sub-apical white bar

and the inner-marginal white patch are considerably

smaller and narrower than in the ordinary southern

fTippocoon, the latter marking being interiorly clouded

with blackish. It most nearly resembles the variation

figured in the second plate accompanying my paper in the

Linnean Society’s Transactions (vol. xxvi., tab. 43, f. 2),

and like that example wants the apical spot of the fore-

wings ; but (as far as I can make out in its very damaged

state) it has more resemblance to Hippocoon in the wider

white space of the hindwings. The Trophonius (No. 7)

differs both from that figured by Westwood (Arc. Ent., i.,

pl. 39, ff. 1, 2), and from the example figured to illustrate

my paper just referred to (loc. cit., tab. 43, f. 5), in the

Jonger and more obliquely-placed sub-apical bar of the

Case of Papilio Merope. 145

forewings, and in the total want of the apical spot in

those wings.

The seven males present the customary amount of varia-

tion in the transverse black markings of the upperside of

the hindwings,—from three sub-quadrate discal blotches

to a continuous irregular bar,—and in these particular

markings no two of them nearly agree. It is the same

with the amount of black marking on the tails of the hind-

wings, which varies from a simple median streak, with an

accompanying short suffused stripe bounding the basal

half of the tail interiorly, to a black space absorbing

almost the whole basal two-thirds of the tail. Four of

the seven specimens possess, more or less faintly, the

blackish line defining the 2nd disco-cellular nervule of the

forewings.

Mr. Weale justly observes that the ochreous colouring

of the underside of the wings well serves to protect these

butterflies from observation when at rest among withered

foliage, and in this respect the males are, perhaps, from

their lighter-tinted under-surface, better protected than

the females. Mrs. Barber, at the beginning of the year

1871, was fortunate enough to observe this protective re-

semblance in nature, and sent me the following note on

the subject, viz. : —

* J caught a fine Merope with my finger and thumb the

other day. It was just beginning to rain, and, thoygh it

was not late, Merope thought proper to seek a resting-

place, which he wisely chose upon a shrub which resembled

his own underside colouring. It was a splendid match :—

when he closed his wings among the yellow and brown

seeds and flowers of the shrub, no bird would ever have

distinguished him. I had no net with me, and my first

attempt was a failure. However, the butterfly took a turn

round the neighbourhood, examined several other shrubs

(which he found were not so good, I suppose) and even-

tually returned to the same perch.” *

In relation to the protective mimetism so abundantly

exhibited by this remarkable species of Papilio, it is most

* “T believe all butterflies act thus, where it is possible to match their

colours. Pyrameis Cardui will always take a mottled stone or old

wall. I have, however, often seen Danais Chrysippus perched at the

extremity of a tall rush or grass stem, where there was no colour resembling

his own, but in this case he was passing himself off as a flower, and, T can

assure you, looked very like one!” Mrs. Barber, in Jitt.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.) L

146 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations on the

interesting to find that one at least of the persecuting

agencies which have in all probability led to such profound

modifications in the colouring and form of the insect is

stillat work. The fly-catcher, Tehitrea cristata ( T. viridis,

Miill.), has been observed by Mr. Weale to capture

Merope 4, and he has reason to suspect a bird of a closely

allied family, and quite similar habits, Dicrurus musicus,

Vieill., to be another of the butterfly’s enemies. Repre-

sentatives of these two genera of insectivorous birds are

prevalent throughout the African continent, and the

activity and rapacity of those whose habits are known to

us are very great. But these are only two, prominent by

conspicuous plumage and bold pugnacious habits, among

a large number of African birds whose food consists of

insects; and it may fairly be inferred that, for ages past,

the size and colour of P. Merope must have rendered it

a favourite prey of the Muscicapide generally.

In concluding these notes, I wish to make a few observa-

tions on the synonomy of the very interesting Papilio to

which they refer. Mr. A. G. Butler, in his paper already

referred to (Tr. Ent. Soc., 1869, pp. 275, 276), has given

the fullest and latest arrangement of the several forms, as

exemplified by specimens in the collection of the British

Museum. He groups them as follows, viz.:—

. 1. Papilio Merope.

a.) Cenea.

e 8. [| Diagnosis. |

2 sie isa Suppl. Cramer, pl. 29, fig. 1

KoA).

$, ¢. Zoolu Country.

(aa.) Cenea, var.

$. [ Diagnosis. |

?. Cenea, var., maculis anticarum albis. Trimen

in Trans, Linn. Soc., xxvi. tab. 43, f. 4

(1869).

Oy 2a ort Nakai.

(b.) Merope (true).

3. Merope, Cramer, Pap. Exot., ii. pl. 151, figs.

Ay BALES).

m, COR Westwood, Arcana Entom., pl. 39,

OF ge

3. Knysna

©. [No locality recorded. )

Case of Papilio Merope. 147

2. Papilio Brutus.

(a.) Brutus.

$. Brutus, Fabricius, Sp. Ins. p. 13 (1781).

%. Hippocoon, Fabricius, Ent. Syst., iii. p. 38

(1793).

$, 2. Sierra Leone.

(b.) Miavius.

3. [ Diagnosis. ]

?. Miavius, Cram., Pap. Exot., ili. pl. 234, fig. A

(1782).

$, 2. Ashanti.

The ¢s allotted to the several sub-divisions are distin-

guished in this arrangement, by the differences presented

by the upperside as regards (in forewings) the size and

form of the apical spot, the width of the costal black

edging in respect of the discoidal cell, the breadth of the

hind-marginal black border, and the “ undate” or “ dentate-

sinuate” hind margin; and (in hindwings) the prevalence

of a more or less complete, black, discal fascia, and of black

marking on the tails: and, by the underside, as regards

darker or lighter colouring. The és of (a.) Brutus and

(b.) Miavius are further defined from the southern és by

their longer wings and much paler under surface of hind-

wings; while the latter is distinguished from the former

by its greater size and much broader border of forewings.

The possession of fuller means of judging than I pos-

sessed, when writing of these butterflies in 1868, enables

me to state that I quite concur with Mr. Butler in holding

that the prevalent form of Merope onthe coast of Western

Tropical Africa is sufficiently distinct in both sexes from the

southern form to take rank as a separate species. In the

gs, besides the longer wings and paler* underside colour-

ing noticed by Mr. Butler, the western form appears

constantly to have longer tails to the hindwings; all the

internervular, dark rays on its underside are in both wings,

and especially in the basal half of the hindwings, much

more fuscous and strongly marked, and the discal bar on the

underside of the hindwings is narrower, more broken, and

irregular, and more inclining to fuscous than ferruginous-

ochreous. In the 9s, Hippocoon differs from the corre-

sponding southern form, not only in its larger size and

comparatively longer wings, but in the broader, sub-apical,

* And, I would add, less rufescent.

L 2

148 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations on the

white bar of the forewings, and the much smaller white

atch of the hindwings. The type of the form T'rophonius,

figured by Mr. Westwood in Arcana Entomologica, Is

clearly a southern example. The nearest approach to it

known from the western coast of Africa is the example

figured by Mr. Hewitson ( Exot. Butt., iv. pt. 72, Oct.

1869, pl. xii. (Papilio), f 40), which as regards the fore-

wings presents a broader, more oblique, almost wholly

brick-red, sub-apical bar, but (unlike the form Hippocoon

in the same region) has quite as broad a patch in the hind-

wings as is found in the southern T'rophonius, and is little,

if anything, larger than the latter.* The Déionysos-form

of 9 is peculiar to Western Africa, and, in company with

the curious allied form figured by Mr. Hewitson (doc. cit.

f. 39), is of high interest, not only as combining the

features of Hippocoon and Trophonius, but as mdicating,

in its possession of merely a trace of black between the

white sub-apical bar and inner-marginal space of the

forewings, the mode in which (as suggested by me in the

Transactions of the Linnean Society, loc. cit., with refer-

ence to the ¢ Meriones of Madagascar) the extraordinary

modification of the forewing markings of the gs was most

probably initiated. Dionysos 1s, in fact, of all the con-

tinental African gs the least profoundly modified form as

compared with the ¢. All the western 9s, like the gs

(but more so in the outer portion of hindwings), are dis-

tinguished from southern examples by the strongly-marked

fuscous rays between the nervures. .

While, therefore, I follow Mr. Butler in separating as

species, in the present lack of intermediate forms, the

western and southern races of Merope, I wish to observe

that I cannot support the nomenclature which he has

assigned to the several sections in this arrangement. It

will be seen above that under the head of “ (b.) Merope

(true),” Mr. Butler quotes Cramer’s earlier figures (tab.

151, A, B) of the g, associates with them, as 9, T'ro-

phonius, Westwood, and gives the é from Knysna, in

South Africa (presented by myself in 1859), as repre-

senting Cramer’s type. But a reference to Cramer’s

_* The explanation of this discrepancy seems obvious. The western

Hippocoon closely mimics the largest of western Danaides (Amauris

Niavius), which has a small white patch in hindwings; while 7rophonius

1s modified in imitation of the considerably smaller Danais Chrysippus,

in which nearly the whole field of hindwings is brick-red. In both the

western and southern 7rophonius-form of 9 the subapical bar of fore-

Wings 1s sometimes almost as red as the other markines. This variation

appears to be in imitation of the Dorippus variety of Danais Chrysippus.

Case of Papilio Merope. 149

figures on the plate quoted will show most clearly that

they represent .the western $, the distinctive characters

which I have mentioned above being prominently given,

especially the strongly marked inter-nervular rays of the

underside of the wings, and the colour and narrowness of

the discal band on the underside of the hindwings.* A com-

parison of these figures with Cramer’s subsequent ones (pl.

378, ff. D, E),and with specimens of the insect from Western

Africa, will convince the lepidopterist that the figures on

both plates represent examples of the same western race of

the butterfly, although in the later plate the special charac-

ters are more decided than in the earlier one. I consequently

consider that the western race must be held as the typical

Merope, and that Fabricius’s later name of Brutus given

to the same race must be sunk. The southern race will

accordingly have to be distinguished by the oldest name

given ‘to any one of its forms; and this happens to be that

of Stoll’s (date 1791) applied to what is certainly the pre-

dominant g form in the south, viz. Cenea. The adop-

tion of the name of the » for that of the species, in rectifi-

cation of erroneous nomenclature, when there is wide

disparity between the sexes, is perhaps not altogether de-

sirable, but there is precedent for it in the case of Diadema

Misippus and some other species, and it is certainly pre-

ferable to giving an entirely new name.

As regards Mr. Butler’s minute sub-division of the

southern race by allotting certain variations of the 3 to

Cenea (type), Cenea, var., and Trophonius respectively,

I do not see that it can be borne out by what we know of

the distribution of the several forms. The ¢s, not only

from the same district, or from the same locality, but even

from the same wood, vary indefinitely as to their black

markings within certain limits. An instance of this is

given by the seven examples above mentioned, reared by

Mr. Weale from larve of one season found in the same

spot. I possess five examples, taken by Mrs. Barber, Mr.

I’. Barber, jun., and myself, in the same little copse at

Highlands, near Grahamstown, which present great varia-

=) . .

tion in the discal upperside band of the hindwings,f and a

* It is singular that the apical spot on upperside of forewings should be

divided into two in Cramer’s figure A. I have never seen a specimen so

marked.

+ The most imperfect condition of this band that I am aware of is ex-

hiblted by a specimen which I captured at Knysna, Cape Colony, in which

the three patches representing the band are reduced to widely-separated,

irregular, attenuated spots, smaller (especially that at anal angle) than in

the Western race.

150 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations on the

noticeable difference in the width of the hind-marginal

band of the forewings, as well as in the dentation of its in-

terior edge. A very remarkable specimen, taken by Mrs.

Barber at the mouth of the Kleinemond River, recalls, in

the character of the spots which represent the hindwing

bands, the ordinary West African ¢, but is also signalized

by a very narrow black border to the forewings, only

slightly denticulated on its inner edge. The other ex-

treme form in the southern ¢ is that described by Mr.

Butler under the head of “ (aa.) Cenea, var.,” from Port

Natal, in which all the black markings are strongly de-

veloped, especially the discal band of the hindwings, which

in some examples is quite unbroken. This form is most

prevalent in Natal and the adjacent coast country, but

also occurs near Grahamstown; it is (except, perhaps, in

size) the furthest removed from the ordinary western ¢.

I know of no locality in South Africa in which the és are

constant to any particular pattern; but, amid all their

variation, I have noticed no example that approaches the

western ¢ in the strongly-marked inter-nervular rays of

the underside, except where (in some of those in which the

black markings are most developed) the rays cross the

discal band in the hindwings.

Looking to the southern @ s, it is equally observable that

the several well-defined forms are not restricted to par-

ticular localities. Cenea (typical) and Trophonius were

taken by me in the same spots at Knysna and Platten-

berg Bay respectively, and I have since received the Hippo-

coon-like form from the former locality.* Mr. Weale has

bred Cenea (variety), T'rophonius, and a variation closer to

flippocoon than to Cenea, from larv taken in one spot

near King William’s Town; and Mrs. Barber has sent

me the three forms, as well as a variation (very near that

delineated on fig. 2 of the second plate accompanying my

paper in the Linnean Society’s Transactions already re-

ferred to), all of which were taken at Highlands, near

Grahamstown.

In Kaffraria proper, Commandant Bowker has met with

Cenea (var.), Trophonius, and the Hippocoon-like form,

a EEE ne ee

_ * From a collection brought from Knysna, by Mr. Lee, R.A., I acquired,

in 1871, a most singular new variation of this Protean @. All the upper-

side markings in this specimen are white, and though answering to those

of the Hippocoon-like form, are so reduced and attenuated as (with the

single exception of the very much narrowed and dentated sub-apical bar of

Pe See vines) more to resemble those of the white-spotted variety of

Case of Papilio Merope. 151

all the specimens of which are now in the South African

Museum; while near D’Urban, Port Natal, I found both

Cenea var. and the last-named form of 9.*

These details of distribution seem to me satisfactorily to

show that, as far as South Africa is concerned, we have not

“representative species or races of P. Merope (as Mr. Butler

suggests in his Catalogue of Fabrician Diurnal Lepidop-

tera, 1869, p. 252), but one widely-ranging polymorphic

species, most unstable in character, yet varying within de-

terminate limits, as regards the females, in the direction

of accurate mimicry of the prevalent species of Danais

(Amauris).

I have only to add that the following appears to be the

accurate synonymy of Papilio Cenea, viz. :—

Papilio Cenea.

$. Papilio Brutus, Godt. (pars), Encye. Méth., ix. p. 69, n. 122 (1819).

EF » Donov., Nat. Repos., iii. pl. 77 (1825).F

7 » Boisd. (pars), Fauwne Entom. de Madag., §'c., p, 12

(1833).

5 » Doisd., Var. A. Spec. Gen. Lep., p. 221, n. 39

(1836).f

a » Chenu, Encyc. d@ Hist. Nat.—Pap., pl. 2, f. 1

(? 1852).§

Papilio Merope, Dowbl. 5° Westw. (pars), Gen. Diurn. Lep.,i. p. 18,

n. 92 (1846).

x » G. BR. Gray (pars), Cat. Lep. Brit. Mus.—Pap., p.

25 (1852).

x » Lrimen (pars), Rhop. Afr. Aust., i. p. 11 (1862).

ae » Lrimen, in Trans. Linn. Soc., xxvi., tab. 438, f. 1

(1869).

* Trophonius has not as yet, I believe, been recorded from Natal; but a

variation intermediate between that form and the representative of Hippo-

coon was (as I have elsewhere mentioned) taken by the late Colonel

Tower, near St. Lucia Bay, on the coast north-east of Natal.

¢ Donovan delineates the southern extreme form in which the band

across the hindwings on the upperside is unbroken. This band is, how-

ever, more even and regular on both upper and under surfaces than in any

specimen which I have seen. The underside ochreous colouring is-given

as strongly rufescent. From the letter-press accompanying the plate,

Donovan seems to have considered that the unbroken band was the dis-

tinctive feature of the Madagascar race (P. Meriones, Felder); but in

this he was probably mistaken, as in all the Madagascar examples whick

have come under my notice, the band is represented by 3 or 4 small and

widely-separated spots.

t Boisduval’s “ Variété A” is the same southern form as that figured by

Donovan, and is noted as inhabiting the Outeniqua district, which is

situated in the southern part of the Cape Colony.

§ Chenu gives the locality “ Cafrérie,” and figures rather a small ex-

ample, which combines the characters of the two singular specimens above

described (p. 150 and note), having the border of the forewings much

narrowed, and the broken markings representing the band of the hind-

wings unusually small.

152 Mr. Roland Trimen’s Observations on the

¢. (Form 1). Papilio Cenea, Stoll, Suppl. Cramer Pap. Exot., p. 134,

pl. xxix., f. 1, 1a. (1791).*

Danais Rechila, Godt. Encyc. Méth., ix. p. 183, n. 24

(1819).

? Papilio Trophonius, Westw. (pars), Are. Entom., i.

p. 153 (1845).

Papilio Cenea, Doubleday and West. (pars), Gen.

Diurn. Lep.,i., p. 20, n. 255 (1846).

G. R. Gray (pars), op. cit., p. 70,

n. 322 (1852).

Trimen (6), Rhop. Afr. Aust., i. p. 20

(1862).

Papilio Merope, Zrimen (1st Form of 9 ),in Trans. Linn.

Soc., loc. cit., f. 3 (1869).

Butler (9,¥Form a), in Zrans. Ent. Soc.,

1869, p. 275.

“3 5 Kirby (@), Synon. Cat. Diurn. Lep.,

p. 563, n. 305 (1871).

Variety.—Papilio Merope, Zrimen (1st Form of 9 var.),

in Trans. Linn. Soc., loc. cit., f. 4,

and p. 521.

Papilio Merope, Butler (9, Form aa), in Trans. Ent.

Soc., loc. cit., p. 276.

» ”

” ”?

» ”

¢. (ForM 2). Papilio Merope, Zrimen (2nd Form of ¢@ Hippocoon,

Fab., var.),in Trans. Linn. Soc., loc.

cit., f. 6 (1869).

@. (FoRM 3). Papilio Trophonius, Westw. “ Ann. Nat. Hist., ix., p.

38 (1842),”} and Arcan. Entom., i.

pl. 39, ff. 1, 2 (1845).

Papilio Cenea, Doubl. 5 Westw. (9), Gen. Diurn.

Lep., i. p. 20, n. 255 (1846).

» 2 G. BR. Gray (9), Cat. Lep. Brit. Mus.

—Pap., p. 70, n. 322 (1852); and

List Lep. Brit. Mus.—Pap., p. 82,

n. 339 (1856).

= a Trimen (9), Rhop. Afr. Aust., i. p. 20,

n. 8 (1862).

Papilio Merope, Zrimen (4th Formof Q ),in Trans. Linn.

SOG HLOCNOUiL ann:

es 55 Butler (9, Form b = “Merope, true’),

in Trans. Ent. Soc., loc. cit., p. 276.

a Kirby (9, Var. b), op. cit., p. 563,

n. 305.

* Stoll figures a large and finely-coloured example from the “ Pais des

Caffres,” in which the largest spot of the forewings is thicker and more

inclining to a quadrate form than in any individual which I have seen, and

the sub-marginal spots of the hindwings are mostly larger than usual. The

specimen nearest to the type, as far as I am aware, is one in the South

African Museum, from either Kaffraria Proper or Natal, but several others

im my own collection, from Knysna and Plettenberg Bay, more or less

closely approach it. The small example figured to illustrate my paper in

the Linnean Society’s Transactions above quoted (fig. 3), was selected

on account of its peculiarly accurate mimicry of Amauris Echeria, as well

in size and outline of the wings as in the form of the ochreous patch of the

hindwings.

7 G. R. Gray, Cat. Pap. Brit. Mus., p. 70 (1852).

Case of Papilio Merope. 153

@- (Variations intermediate between the several Forms above enume-

rated) :—*

A. Between Forms 1 (Cenea) and 2 (analogue of Hippocoon,

Fab.

a. P. Merope, Butler (9, P. Cenea, var.), in Trans. Ent.

Soc., loc cit., p. 275.

[This individual is very close to the typical Cenea,

but in the shape and position of the very re-

stricted patch in the hindwings resembles the

individual (b) immediately following hereunder,

Hab. Grahamstown, Cape Colony. ]

b. P. Merope, Zrimen ( Q, variation), in Zrans. Linn. Soc.,

loc. cit., £. 2.

[All the markings in this individual are dull white.

The forewings have the sub-apical bar of the

Hippocoon-like form, and an inner-marginal

patch strictly intermediate in size and shape be-

tween those of the latter form and of the Cenea

form respectively. The patch of the hindwings

is much narrowed by a fuscous basal suffusion.

Hab. Tsomo River, Kaffraria.]

B. Between Forms 2 (analogue of Hippocoon, Fab.) and 3

(Trophonius, Westw.)

c. P. Merope, Trimen (, variation), in Trans. Linn. Soc.,

loc. cit., p. 510, note. }

{This specimen has the ordinary markings of the

forms which it links, excepting that the patch of

the hindwings, though not obscured at the base,

is decidedly narrower. All the markings are

tinged with faint, dull, ochreous-yellow. Hab.

St. Lucia Bay, South Eastern Africa. ]

Additional variations to those above recorded are (1),

the white-marked specimen from Knysna, described in this

paper (vide supra, p. 150, note), which might stand between

a. and b.; and (2), the striking variation of Trophonius,

which has the sub-apical bar of the forewings considerably

broader than usual, and yellowish brick-red instead of

white. The field of red common to both wings differs

from that ordinarily presented in being darker (inclining

to ferruginous) and smaller, in the forewings not reaching

to the median nervure, and clouded with fuscous between

that nervure and the sub-median nervure. A very fine

example of the latter was taken in the Division of Bathurst,

Cape Colony, by Miss Mary Barber, in March, 1870.

* P. Cephonius, Upftr. (Stett. Hnt. Zeit., 1866, pp. 131-2,” according

to “ Zoolog. Record, 1866, p. 451), is unknown to me, but may be one of

these linking variations. Mr. Kirby gives it under P. Merope as

“ Var. a,” in his Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera (1871). Mr. Weale’s

“peculiar Hippocoon form” (see above, p. 144) should be included

under “ A,’’ and immediately follow “b,” in the list of variations here

given.

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V. Descriptions of Fifteen new species of Diurnal Lepi-

doptera, chiefly from South America. By HERBERT

Deuce, F.L:S.,.F.2.S.

[Read 2nd February, 1874.]

1. Morpho Alexandrovna.

$ Upperside brilliant greenish-blue, the outer margins

all black, broadest at the apex of anterior wing. A white

spot on the costal margin near the apex, below which are

three rather faint bluish-white dots. Underside dark

chocolate-brown. Anterior wing with greyish scales near

the outer margin; the ocellus the same as n M. Menelaus,

only three times the size. Posterior wing with a marginal

band of red-brown, commencing at the apex and termi-

nating at the abdominal margin; the ocellus the same as

in M, Menelaus, only very large.

Iixp. 6 inches.

Hab.—Peru ; Huasampilla (Whitely).

In the collection of H. Druce.

Both sexes of this fine species are in the British Museum

collection.

2. Caligo Dentina.

$ Allied to C. Atreus, but differs in the following re-

spects: the band of the anterior wing is very much broader

and darker blue, not showing any white, as in C. Aftreus ;

the band of the posterior wing is creamy white, much

dentated on the imner margin. The lower half of the

posterior wing is very dark brown, almost black; the

underside is much darker than in C. Atreus, and the

ocellus smaller.

Exp. 6 inches.

Hab.—South Peru.

In the collection of H. Druce.

I have seen several examples of this species of both

sexes, all from South Peru.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (FEB.)

156 Mr. Herbert Druce’s descriptions of new species

3. Heliconia Arcuella.

Upperside ferruginous. Anterior wing with the apex

and outer margin dusky; a comma-shaped spot within and

a square spot at the end of the cell; three distinct spots

between the branches of the anterior wing black. A band

near and parallel to the inner margin black. Posterior

wing crossed half-way beyond the middle by two black

bands; a black spot close to the apex. Underside as

above, but paler; two black spots between the costal and

subcostal nervures of the posterior wing.

Exp. 34 inches.

Hab.— Nauta, Peruvian Amazons (Bartlett).

In the collection of H. Druce.

4, Phyciodes Nana.

Upperside dark brown, irrorated with ochreous scales.

Anterior wing crossed half-way beyond the middle by a

narrow white band. Posterior wing crossed beyond the

middle by three ochreous bands, the first very indistinct.

Underside: anterior wing with the white band as above,

and pale brown at the base, a black line crossing the cell;

posterior wing pale cream-colour, mottled with brown,

crossed by a broken line, and several black spots near the

outer margin.

Exp. 14 inch.

Hab.—Peru; valley of the Cosnipata ( Whitely).

In the collection of H. Druce.

5. Perisama Vichada.

Upperside black. Anterior wing with the green bands

as in P. Humboldtii. Posterior wing like P. Hilara.

Underside lke P. Vitringa, with the black bands wider

apart, and the one nearest the base only extending to the

middle of the cell.

Exp. 14 inch.

Hab.— Columbia.

In the collection of H. Druce.

6. Perisama Canoma.

Upperside black. Anterior wing crossed beyond the

middle, from the costal margin to the anal angle, with a

band of green, broadest in the middle, where it is joined

by a band of the same colour, which commences at the

base. A grey streak near the apex. Posterior wing with

a narrow submarginal band of bluish-grey. Underside:

of Diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly from S. America. 157

anterior wing black; the apex, a small spot about the

middle of the costal margin, and the base, silvery w hite ;

the outer half of the cell bright carmine. aerengn wing

silvery white, crossed by two narrow black bands; the one

nearest the base curved inwardly and bordered on the

inner margin with carmine to about the middle of the cell.

The outer band zigzag; between the bands are four dis-

tinct black spots; “the costal margin bordered with car-

mine.

Exp. 1} inch.

Hab.—Peru; Huasampilla (Whitely).

Unlike any other species.

In the collection of H. Druce.

Aterica Clorana.

Upperside rufous. Anterior wing with four black lines

crossing the cell, and a black oval-shaped spot at the end

of the cell. A band of six black spots beyond the middle

curved inwardly, and a double row of black spots near

the outer margin. Posterior wing with a black spot in

the cell near the base, a double row of black spots round

the outer margin. Underside same as above, but paler ;

both wings crossed beyond the middle by a band of red-

brown, tinted with lilac on its outer margin; several small

indistinct brown bands near the base. A row of brown

spots crossing both wings from the apex to the anal angle;

two white spots at the apex of the anterior wing, and a

zigzag band round the outer margins of both wings.

Exp. 2 inches.

Hab.— Angola.

In the collection of H. Druce.

8. Harma Claudianus.

Upperside rufous. Apical half of the anterior wing

greenish-black, crossed by a zigzag white band and a row

of six white spots; two dark marks in the cell and a broken

black line near the outer margin. Posterior wing with

the outer margin dusky, crossed by a broken black line ;

two black ae in the eal. Underside like H. Chalcis,

but much brighter in colour.

Exp. 24 inches.

Hab.—Cameroons.

In the collection of H. Druce.

158 Mr. Herbert Druce’s descriptions of new species

9. Harma Corsandra.

Upperside dark brown; both wings crossed beyond the

middle with a rufous band. Anterior wing with four

elongated white spots near the costal margin. A rufous

mark at the end of the cell, and two black lines in the

cell. Posterior wing with a rufous spot in the cell; both

wings are traversed near the outer margin by a double

black band of hastate spots. Underside pale ochreous at

the base of both wings, both crossed by a dark-brown

band; the white spots and the other markings as above,

but very indistinct.

Exp. 3 inches.

Hab.— Angola.

In the collection of H. Druce.

10. Adolias Lupina.

Upperside dark brown ; both wings crossed by a broad

band of paler brown. Anterior wing crossed near the

base by three black lines; a black* line near and at the

end of the cell; a whitish spot at the apex, and a band of

indistinct dark-brown spots crossing both wings near the

outer margin. Underside greenish-white, dusky at the

apex. of anterior, the white spot as above ; five black lines

in the cell; both wings crossed beyond the middle by a

double band of faint brown spots; three black lines near

the base of the posterior wing.

Exp. 34 inches.

Hab.—Philippine Islands (Pryer).

In the collection of H. Druce.

ll. Paphia Hauzxwelli.

Form of P. Philamena. Upperside glossy green. An-

terior wing crossed from the costal margin to the anal

angle by a broad black band. Posterior wing blackish

round the outer margin; three minute white spots at the

anal angle. Underside rich reddish-brown, irrorated with

white. Anterior wing crossed by three dark-brown bands ;

a row of minute white spots from the apex to the anal

angle. Posterior wing crossed by four dark-brown bands;

three spots near the anal angle outwardly black, inwardly

white. i

Exp. 24 inches.

Hab.—Pebas, Upper Amazons (Hauxwell).

In the collection of H. Druce. —

of Diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly from S. America. 159

On the underside this species is much like P. indigotica,

but quite distinct above.

12. Mesosemia Grandis.

Upperside deep black. Anterior wing crossed near the

middle by a broad, bright-blue band. Posterior wing with

the middle of the outer margin produced into a lengthened

lobe ; the outer half broadly banded with light blue, leaving

the half of the posterior margin and the anal angle deep

black. Underside like MW. Gaudiolum, without the white

spots.

Exp. 14 inch.

Hab,—Chiriqui.

In the collections of H. Druce and Osbert Salvin.

13. Necyria Whitelyiana.

Upperside bronzy-green, darkest at the base of the

wings; all the nervures deep black; a bright carmine band

at the end of the cell, widest at the costal margin. Pos-

terior wing with a dull carmine spot at the anal angle.

Underside as above, except that in some lights it shows

a bluish-green gloss, and the carmine spot at the base is

very much larger. The sides of the abdomen are bright

carmine.

Exp. 13 inch.

Hab.—Peru, Huasampilla (Whitely).

In the collection of H. Druce.

14. Necyria Butleria.

Upperside deep black. Anterior wing crossed beyond

the cell by two bands curved inwards, the inner one bright

scarlet, the other bright glossy-blue. Posterior wing with

a broad glossy-blue band from the apex to the anal angle,

outer margin black; an oval-shaped scarlet spot at the

anal angle. Underside anterior wing crossed by a wide

band of brilliant green; a scarlet spot at the anal angle.

Posterior wing rich dark-blue, bordered with green; a large

oval-shaped scarlet spot at the anal angle; the sides of the

abdomen scarlet.

‘Exp. 23 inches.

Hab.—New Grenada.

In the collection of H. Druce.

160 Mr. Druce’s descriptions of Diurnal Lepidoptera.

15. Anteros Medusa.

Upperside blackish. Anterior wing with two trans-

parent spots; the first at the end of the cell, the second

below and nearer the outer margin. Posterior wing greyish

at the base. Underside yellow, thickly irrorated with rich

brown. Anterior wing: the spots the same as above, and

dark red-brown at the base, crossed by two metallic bands;

a gold spot at the end of the cell, dusky at the anal angle.

Posterior wing dark red-brown at the base, crossed by

two indistinct bands of gold; round the outer margin or

both wings a narrow red-brown band, bordered on each

side with a gold line. The fringe alternately yellow and

red.

Exp. 1} inch.

Hab.—Panama.

In the collection of H. Druce.

apr 30 1874

(2161)

VI. Catalogue of the Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan,

with descriptions of the species new to science.

By Joseru 8. Baty, F.L.S. (continued from

page 99, vol. for 1873).

[Read 1st December, 1873.]

Fam. EUMOLPIDZE.

Genus XanTHONIA, Baly.

Journ. of Entom. ii. (1863), p. 151.

The present insect is peculiar to Japan; all the other

known species of the genus are American.

Xanthonia placida.

Oblonga, fulva, pilis suberectis concoloribus vestita,

pedibus antennisque flavis, oculis nigris. |

Long. 13 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki; apparently common.

Head shining, sparingly clothed with fulvous hairs;

vertex distantly punctured; eyes large, prominent, black ;

antennze pale yellow, slightly stained with fulvous towards

the apex. Thorax scarcely broader than long, convex,

sides rounded, narrowed at base and apex; disk very

slightly flattened, closely and deeply punctured. Elytra

broader than the thorax, sides parallel ; above convex, re-

gularly and closely punctate-striate, the punctures deeply

impressed. Legs pale yellow, unguiculi pale piceous.

This insect has the disk of the thorax much less

depressed than in the American species of the genus.

Genus LyprstuEs, Baly. ©

Journ. of Entom. ii. (1863), p. 152.

This genus at the present time contains only a single

species, which has also been sent from Northern China by |

~ Fortune.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART II. (APR.) M

162 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

Lypesthes atra, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. 1860, p. 22 (Fidia).

Hab.—Japan ; also Northern China.

This insect appears to be common.

Genus DremotTtna, Baly.

Journ. of Entom. i. (1863), p. 158.

The four species described in the present paper are all

peculiar to Japan.

Demotina fasciculata.

Oblonga, convexa, picea, nigro-picec-maculata, pilis

squameformibus adpressis fuscis vestita, antennis pallide

fulvis; elytris profunde punctatis, punctis prope suturam

seriatim dispositis, utrisque infra basin transversim ex-

cavatis, spatio basilari elevato, piceo; pilis albidis et fuscis

hic illic in fasciculos congregatis, vestitis.

Long. 2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Clypeus transversely elevated, its anterior border

tri-emarginate, surface deeply punctured ; upper part of

face and front coarsely rugose-punctate, clothed with

adpressed fuscous hairs; eyes large, prominent, black ;

antennz fulvous, their outer half stained with fuscous.

Thorax about one-third broader than long, sides rounded,

serrate ; above transversely convex, flattened on the hmder

disk, extreme apex subcylindrical; surface irregularly

excavated, coarsely but. not deeply rugose-punctate,

covered with adpressed scale-like hairs; sides dark

piceous. Scutellum trigonate, sinuate on the sides, clothed

with fuscous scale-like hairs. Elytra much broader than

the thorax, sides parallel, apex subacutely rounded ; above

convex, excavated below the basilar space, the latter on

each elytron raised, its surface stained with dark piceous ;

coarsely and deeply punctured, clothed with large, white

and fuscous scales, which form small irregular patches

over the whole surface; humeral callus thickened, hinder

portion of the disk impressed with large, shallow, ill-defined

pits or excavations. Legs pale rufo-piceous, stained with

fuscous. Thighs each armed beneath with a short acute

tooth. .

Demotina fasciata.

Oblonga, convexa, picea, pilis adpressis squameeformibus

fuscis vestita, antennis fulvis, extrorsum infuscatis; elytris

infra basin leviter excavatis, profunde punctato-striatis,

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 163

punctis disco exteriori apicemque versus confusis; pallide

fulyo-piceis, piceo-maculatis, pilis albis, fulvis et fuscis

" variegatis, pone apicem fascié obliquaé maculisque piloram

nigrorum ornatis.

Long. 2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head rufo-piceous. Clypeus_ transverse, coarsely

punctured, its anterior border broadly emarginate, notched

on either side; upper part of face and front rugose-

punctate, clothed with adpressed fuscous-white hairs ;

front impressed with a longitudinal groove; eyes black ;

antennz fulvous, six or seven outer joints fuscous.

Thorax nearly twice as broad as long, sides serrate,

rounded, obliquely converging from behind the middle to

the apex; above transversely convex, somewhat flattened

on the disk, subcylindrical at the extreme apex; trans-

versely excavated before the middle, closely covered with

large, round, shallow punctures, and clothed with ad-

pressed, fuscous, scale-like hairs. LElytra broader than the

thorax, convex, rufo-piceous, coarsely and deeply punc-

tured, the puncturing arranged in striz near the suture,

confused on the outer disk and towards the apex ; whole

surface clothed with adpressed white, fulvous and fuscous

scales, rather narrower than those in D. fasciculata,

which form irregular patches over the elytra; behind the

middie is an oblique fascia of black scales, and towards the

apex are some irregular patches of the same colour. Legs

piceous, thighs paler, armed beneath with an acute tooth.

This insect may be known from D. fasciculata by the

broader thorax and also by the transverse fascia of black

scales behind the middle of the elytra.

Demotina decorata.

Oblonga, convexa, pallide picea, pilis adpressis squamze-

formibus pallide fulvis vestita, antennis fulvis; elytris

profunde punctatis, punctis prope suturam seriatim dis-

positis, piceo-maculatis, pilis fulvis et albis variegatis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Upper half of head clothed with adpressed fuscous

seale-like hairs; antennz entirely fulvous; eyes promi-

nent, black. Thorax one-third broader than long, sides

serrate, rounded ; upper surface moderately convex, sub-

cylindrical at the apex, covered with large, round, shallow

: M 2

164 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

punctures, and clothed with adpressed scale-like fuscous

hairs. Elytra broader than the thorax, convex, deeply

and coarsely punctured, the punctures arranged in longi-

tudinal striz near the suture, placed irregularly on the

outer disk and towards the apex; clothed with fuscous

and white scale-like hairs, which form irregular patches

on the surface. Thighs each armed beneath with an

acute tooth, those on the anterior pair nearly obsolete.

Demotina modesta.

Anguste oblonga, convexa, fulvo-picea, pilis squame-

formibus adpressis fuscis vestita, antennis fulvis; elytris

punctatis, punctis magnis, minus fortiter impressis, prope

suturam seriatim dispositis.

Long. 13—2 hin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head rugose, clothed with adpressed scale-like hairs;

eyes prominent, black. Thorax nearly one-half broader

than long, sides rounded, serrate; above moderately con-

vex, slightly flattened behind the middle, subcylindrical at

the apex; surface closely rugose-punctate, the punctures

large and very shallow; clothed with adpressed scale-

like hairs. lytra oblong, broader than the thorax,

convex, covered with large shallow punctures, arranged

in longitudinal striz near the suture; surface densely

clothed with adpressed scales. Thighs each armed

beneath with a minute tooth; notch at apex of hinder

tibize nearly obsolete.

Genus Bromius, Chevr.

Baly, Journ. of Ent. ii, (1865), p. 439.

Bromius Japanus, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. (7eteraspis), 1857, p. 37.

Hab.—Japan; also Northern China, collected by

Messrs. Fortune and Bowring.

I have not seen Japanese specimens of this insect.

Genus AcCRoTHINIUM, Marshall.

Recens. Corynod., Proc. Lin. Soc. 1864.

Baly, Journ. of Entom. ii. (1865), p. 441.

Acrothinium Gaschkhevitchii, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. (Heteraspis), 1860, p. 23.

Hab,—Japan and Northern China.

Aa >

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 165

Genus Curysocuus, Redt.

Faun. Aust. p. 558.

Chrysochus Chinensis, Baly.

Ann. and Mag. of Nat. Hist. 1859, p. 125.

Hab.—Hiogo; also Northern China and Eastern

Siberia.

The single specimen from Japan seen by me is rather

less than the usual size, and is less distinctly excavated

below the basilar space ; in all other particulars it agrees

with the typical form. According to Mr. Lewis it is a

mountain species, and rare.

Genus SCELODONTA, Westwood.

Proc. Zool. Soc. 1837, p. 129; Baly, Phyt. Malay. 155.

Scelodonta Lewisit.

Oblonga, convexa, cuprea aut viridi-zenea, nitida, anten-

nis extrorsum nigris; thorace fortiter subcrebre punctato,

interstitiis irregulariter et transversim elevato-strigosis ;

elytris seriatim punctatis, punctis ad apicem minus fortiter

impressis.

Long. 1% lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; also Chusan and Shanghai.

Head strongly punctured, sparingly clothed with ad-

pressed white hairs; interspaces granulose; front impressed

with a longitudinal groove. ‘Thorax subcylindrical above,

sides rounded ; surface impressed with large round punc-

tures, their interspaces, more particularly on the sides and

base, transversely elevate-strigose. Scutellum transverse,

pentagonal, its surface impressed with a few large punc-

tures. Elytra much broader than the thorax; humeral

callus strongly thickened; surface punctate-striate, the

punctures large and deeply impressed on the basal half,

smaller and shallower towards the apex ; space below the

humeral callus on each elytron faintly depressed, trans-

versely wrinkled.

Genus Parra, Leconte.

~ Proc. Acad. Nat. Science. Philad. 1858, p. 895.

Body ovate, convex; antenne filiform; eyes mode-

rately prominent, surrounded above by a sunken orbit ;

166 ~ Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

vertex more or less swollen. Thorax subconic, lateral

border distinct. Elytra broader than the thorax, convex,

punctate-striate. Legs robust; thighs often armed be-

neath with an acute tooth; four hinder tibiz notched at

the apex; claws bifid. Anterior episternum separated

from the prosternum by a deep groove, scapulariform,

its outer angle produced upwards in front of the anterior

angle of the thorax. |

I do not see any reason for separating Paria from

Typophorus, but for the present retain Leconte’s name.

Paria variabilis.

Ovata, convexa, nigra, nitida, facie, antennarum basi,

thorace pedibusque rufo-fulvis; elytris regulariter punc-

tato-striatis, placa humerali apiceque rufo-fulvis.

Var. A.—Elytris rufo-fulvis, plagé magna deltoidea a

basi fere ad apicem extensa, nigra. .

—— B.—Thorace elytrisque nigris.

Long. 14 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki, Japan; also Eastern Siberia.

Front smooth, nearly impunctate; six lower joints of

antennee fulvous, the rest black or nigro-piceous. Thorax

one-third broader than long; sides rounded, converging

from base to apex, above subconic, remotely punctured ;

lateral border narrowly edged with piceous. Scutellum

semi-ovate. Elytra broader than the thorax, convex,

regularly punctate-striate, the interspaces smooth, im-

punctate ; shining black, a humeral patch on each elytron,

together with the apex, rufo-fulvous. our hinder thighs

each armed beneath with a minute tooth ; tarsi sometimes

stained with piceous.

Very close to P. melanura, Walsh: separated from that

species by the smooth impunctate front and vertex.

Paria robusta.

_ Late ovata, convexa, nigra, nitida, antennis basi fulvis,

tibiis obscure fulvis, tarsis pallide piceis ; thorace minus

remote punctato,

Long. 14 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki ; a single specimen in Mr. Lewis’s

collection.

Clypeus transverse, pentangular, vertex and front

shining black, impunctate; six lower joints of antennee

ioe 2 Ff

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 167

falvous, the rest black. Thorax nearly twice as broad as

long; above transversely convex, impressed with large

shallow punctures. Elytra broader than the thorax, regu-

larly punctate-striate, interspaces smooth and shining,

impunctate. Thighs armed beneath with a minute tooth.

Easily distinguished from the preceding species by its

broader and more closely punctured thorax and by its

broader form.

Genus Noposroma, Motsch.

Schrenck, Reis. im Amur-land, ii. p. 176.

Only one of the species is peculiar to the Japanese

Islands ; the others are also found on the adjacent Asiatic

continent. LV. eneipenne occurs abundantly in Eastern

Siberia.

’ Nodostoma eneipenne, Motsch.

A. Caput, thorax pedesque rufo-testacei.

N. @neipenne, Motsch., Schrenck, Reis. im

Amur-land, p. 177.

B. Corpus supra viridi- aut cupreo-metallicum, pedibus

fulvis.

N. fulvipes, Motsch, |. c. p. 176.

C. Corpus ut in B, pedibus nigris.

N. atripes, Motsch, Etud. Entom. 1860, p. 23.

D. Corpus totum pallide rufo-testaceum.

N. rufo-testaceum, Motsch., Schrenck, 1. ce.

eaves

Hab. — J apan, apparently common; also Lastern

Siberia.

It will be seen that the present species is very variable

in colour, it also varies greatly in the degree of punctation

of the thorax.

Nodostoma hirticolle.

Anguste oblongum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, pedibus

antennisque obscure fulvis, his extrorsum infuscatis ; tho-

race transverso, lateribus obsolete bis-angulatis, disco sat

profunde punctato, sparse griseo-villoso ; elytris infra

basin excavatis, fortiter punctato-striatis, punctis infra

‘basin et prope marginem confusis.

Long. 17 ln.

Hab,—Nagasaki.

168 Mr. Joseph 8S. Baly on the

Head deeply punctured, sparingly clothed with fine

griseous hairs ; front impressed with a longitudinal groove ;

anterior edge of clypeus and labrum rufo-fulvous, ‘Thorax

twice as broad as long; sides rounded, indistinctly angled

behind and just before the middle, space between the

angles straight and parallel ; anterior and posterior angles

each armed with an obtuse tooth; above convex, closely

covered with large, round, deeply impressed punctures ;

surface sparingly clothed with fine griseous hairs. Elytra

broader than the thorax, oblong, convex, excavated below

the basilar space, deeply punctate-striate, the puncturing

on the sub-basilar depression, on the inner stria near the

suture, together with that on the outer border, confused and

irregular. Four hinder tibiew each armed beneath with a

small tooth.

Nodostoma consimile.

Oblongum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, antennis pedi-

busque fulvis; capite thoraceque nigro-piceis, hoe fortiter

punctato, suberebre foveolato-punctato, disci apice late

fulvo ; lateribus pone medium angulatis; elytris fulvis,

fortiter punctato-striatis, punctis piceis; utrisque linea

suturali, limbo laterali (hoc ante medium dilatato) plagaque

transversa, infra basin posita, nigro-piceis.

Var. A. Elytris nigro-piceis, plag&é humerali fulva,

: B. Elytris totis mgro-piceis.

Long. 1—1} lin.

Hab— Nagasaki, Tsu Sima; also Chusan.

Head deeply punctured; front impressed with a. fine

longitudinal groove ; vertex, edge of eclypeus and labrum

fulvous. Thorax transverse; sides angulate behind the

middle; disk shining, somewhat closely and deeply im-

pressed with large round punctures; the colour varies

greatly, being sometimes entirely nigro-piceous, in other

specimens almost entirely fulvous. Elytra much broader

than the thorax, regularly punctate-striate, the punctures

piceous ; basilar space on each elytron distinctly raised,

free from punctures; immediately below this space is. a

transverse depression, on which is placed a transverse

piceous or nigro-piceous patch, from the inner angle of

which a line of the same colour runs upwards along the

suture to the basal border (this patch is sometimes obsolete) ;

suture and outer limb nigro-piceous ; humeral callus

elevated.

;

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 169

‘ This insect closely resembles WV. 4-signatum, Motsch.,

both in form and coloration: it may be at once known by

the deep punctuation of the thorax.

Nodostoma flavo-pustulatum.

Ovatum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, antennis flavis,

extrorsum infuscatis, labro pedibusque fulvis; thorace trans-

verso, pone medium angulato, fortiter punctato; elytris

subfortiter punctato-striatis, nigro-piceis, utrisque macula

parva basali, intra humerum posita, pallide flava, ornatis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki, Tsu Sima.

Head deeply punctured ; front impressed with a longi-

tudinal groove; eyes bordered above by a sunken orbit.

Thorax nearly one-third broader than long; sides angu-

late behind the middle ; above convex, subcylindrical at

the apex, deeply punctured; anterior margin narrowly

edged with fulvous. Elytra broader than the thorax, con-

vex, transversely excavated below the basilar space, regu-

larly punctate-striate, the punctures finer on the basilar

space and towards the apex; shining black, humeral

callus sometimes rufo-piceous ; at the base of each elytron,

just within the callus, is a narrow fulvous stripe. Four

hinder thighs armed beneath with a minute tooth.

Nodostoma pallidulum.

Late oblongum, convexum, pallide fulvum, nitidum,

oculis antennisque extrorsum nigris; thorace transverso,

fortiter subremote punctato; elytris infra basin transversim

excavatis, sat fortiter punctato-striatis.

Long. 2 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki.

Head coarsely but not closely punctured, vertex broad,

- smooth and moderately convex ; eyes bounded above by

a sunken orbit; apex of fourth joint of antenne piceous,

seven outer joints black. Thorax rather more than twice

as broad as long, sides rounded at the base, thence obli-

quely converging to the apex, anterior and posterior angles

each armed with an obtuse tooth; above transversely con-

vex, deeply punctured, the punctures large, distant on the

disk, rather more crowded at the sides. Elytra broader

170 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

than the thorax, convex, transversely excavated below the

basilar space, the latter slightly raised ; punctate-striate,

the punctures strongly impressed on the basal half of the

surface, finer and less deeply impressed on the basilar

space and behind the middle; interspaces impressed with a

few fine punctures. Hinder thighs armed beneath with a

small tooth.

Genus Nopina, Motsch.

Etud. Entom. 1858, p. 109.

Baly, Phyt. Malay. p. 259.

Nodina chaleosoma.

Late ovata, convexa, nitida, subtus nigra, supra viridi-

eenea, antennis pedibusque obscure fulvis; thorace fortiter

punctato; elytris regulariter punctato-striatis, disco ex-

- terlori tricostatis.

Var. A. Elytrorum costis plus minusve obsoletis.

—— B. Thoracis apice piceo, elytris obscure fulvis,

piceo-tinctis. : :

Long. | lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki; also Hong Kong.

Head smooth, distinctly punctured ; front bounded on

either side anteriorly by an oblique groove; four lower joints

of antenne obscure fulvous, the rest black. Thorax nearly

twice as broad as long, sides rounded, nearly parallel at

the base, thence converging to the apex, basal lobe mode-

rately produced, obtuse; above convex, deflexed on either

side in front, surface rather deeply but not very closely

punctured. Scutellum transverse, obtusely truncate.

Elytra scarcely broader than the thorax, deeply and

regularly punctate-striate ; three interspaces on the outer

disk each elevated into a strong costa, the middle one com-

mencing on the humeral callus, the others each oceupying

the interspace on either side; the three cost, confluent at

the base, run downwards to below the middle of the disk,_

when they suddenly terminate; the upper edge of the middle

one is deeply sinuate. They are strongly marked in the

specimens from which I have drawn up the above descrip-

tion, but are much less distinct in all the others that I have

examined. :

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 171

Genus CoLasrosoma, Laporte.

Silb. Rev. Ent. i. p. 22.

Baly, Phyt. Malay. p. 270.

Colasposoma cyaneum, Motsch.

Schrenk, Reis. in Amur-land, ii. p. 177.

Hab.—Japan and Eastern Siberia.

Fam. CHRYSOMELID 2.

Genus TrmarcHa, Lat.

Timarcha tenebricosa, Fabr.

Hab.—QWakodadi (Whitely); a single specimen in the

British Museum.

Genus CHRYSOMELA, Linn.

Faun. Suec. p. 160.

Three species of this genus have up to the present time

been found in Japan. One is common to these islands

and to Manchuria, the second is found in Northern

China and Eastern Siberia (rivers Angara and Amour),

and the third is spread over Northern Asia and Eastern

Europe.

Chrysomela Japana.

Elongato-ovata, postice paullo ampliata, valde convexa,

rufo-cuprea, purpureo- aut sneo-tincta, subtus nigro-

cerulea; thorace sat fortiter punctato, lateribus incrassatis,

rotundatis, postice angustatis; elytris ovatis, subcrebre

punctatis, punctis prope suturam subseriatim dispositis.

‘Long. 34—4 lin.

Hab.—A single specimen collected at Hakodadi, by

Mr. Whitely, in Mr. Lewis’s collection; a second in my

cabinet was taken in Japan by Mr. Moor; I also possess

the species from Manchuria, collected by Mr. Bowring.

Head short, remotely punctured; face between the eyes

impressed with two large oblong fover. Thorax twice as

broad as long, sides thickened, gradually diverging from

the base to the middle, thence obliquely rounded and con-

verging to the apex ; anterior angles subacute ; disk mode-

rately convex, deeply but not very closely punctured, the

punctures round, congregated in irregular patches on the

surface; thickened sides bounded within by a shallow ex-

pression, which extends the whole length of the thorax.

172 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

Elytra ovate, as wide as the base of the thorax, sides

rounded and diverging at the extreme base, then obliquely

diverging to beyond the middle, thence regularly rounded

to the apex. Above convex, the convexity mcreasing

from the base to beyond the middle; surface more closely

punctured than the thorax, the puncturing arranged in

irregular striz; on the disk are seen the faint indications

of two or three longitudinal vitte. Terminal joints of

maxillary palpi ovate, not broader than the penultimate.

This insect is closely allied to Ch. Mahesa, 4-impressa

and Fortunei. It differs from all in the absence of the

transverse sulcation below the basilar space of the elytra.

Chrysomela consimilis.

Lithoptera subenea, Motsch. Schrenck, Reis. ii. p. 229.

Hab.—Nagasaki, Japan; also Eastern Siberia and

Northern China.

The specific name used by Motschulsky for this insect

having been previously employed by Suffrian, I have been

compelled to change it.

Chrysomela aurichalcea, Gebl.

Ledeb. Reis. p. 212.

Chrysomela Stalii, Baly, Journ. Ent. i. (Oct. 1860), p. 95.

Chrysomorpha quadrangulata, Motsch.; Schrenk, Reis. in

Amur-land, i. 226.

Anopachys violaceicollis, Motsch. Etud. Ent. 1861, p. 21.

Apterosoma angusticollis, Motsch.; Schrenk, Etud. Ent.

1860, p. 23.

Hab.—Nagasaki, Japan; also Northern China (For-

tune), Siberia (rivers Angara and Amour), and Eastern

Europe.

This species is found on the Chrysanthemum.

Genus GasTRoLina, Baly.

Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (July, 1859).

Linastica, Motsch.; Schrenck, Reis. ii. p. 200 (Dec. 1860).

Gastrolina thoracica, Baly. c

Trans. Ent. Soc. 1864, p. 228.

Hab.—Japan, collected by Mr. Bowring.

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 173

Genus Lina, Redt.

Faun. Austr. p. 551.

~~ Lina enea, Lin.

Faun. Suec. 161, 510 ( Chrysomela).

Hab.—Japan, Yokohama, Hakodadi; also Northern

Asia, Siberia, and Northern and Middle Europe.

Lina Populi, Lin.

Faun. Suec. 164, 523 ( Chrysomela),.

Hab.—Yokohama, Japan; spread over Northern Asia,

and Northern and Middle Europe.

Lina 20-punctata, Scop.

Coccinella 20-punctata, Scop. Faun. Carn. 78, 242.

Hab.—Nagasaki, Japan; also Manchuria (A. Adams),

Siberia, and nearly the whole of Europe.

Genus GONIOCTENA, Redt.

Faun. Austr. p. 557.

Of the three species enumerated below one only is

proper to Japan.

Gonioctena rufipes, Gyl.

Ins. Suec. iil. 486, n. 29 ( Chrysomela).

Hab.—Uakodadi, Japan; also Northern Asia and the

whole of Northern and Middle Europe.

Gonioctena rubripennis, Baly.

Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1862, p. 28.

Hab.—Nagasaki, also Northern China; on Spanish

chestnut. ;

Gonioctena nigro-plagiata, Baly.

Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. 1862, p. 28.

Hab.—Japan. Collected by Mr. Bowring.

174 Mr. Joseph 5. Baly on the

Genus PLAGIODERA, Redt.

Faun. Austr. p. 553.

Plagiodera distincta.

Ovato-rotundata, subtus nigra, nitida, pedibus cyaneis;

supra cyanea aut cerulea, antennis pallide piceis, ex-

trorsum nigris ; thorace minute punctato, elytris distincte

subseriatim punctatis.

Long. 2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; on sallow.

Head minutely punctured, front impressed with a

longitudinal depression, which runs upwards from the apex

of the triangular clypeus ; four lower joints of antennze pale

piceous, stained above with cyaneous. ‘Thorax more than

three times as broad as long, sides obliquely converging

from behind forwards, rounded and more quickly con-

verging at the apex, anterior angles rounded; surface

finely and remotely punctured, punctures on the sides

larger and more deeply impressed ; interspaces between the

punctures closely and minutely punctured. Elytra much

broader than the thorax; shoulders broadly rounded ;

above moderately convex, depressed on the disk, distinctly

punctured, the puncturing disposed here and there in

irregular striz, interspaces finely punctured; on the outer

disk, just within the lateral border, is an ill-defined longi-

tudinal costa.

Larger than P. armoracie ; thorax broader and more

finely punctured; punctation of elytra also finer and less

crowded.

Genus PHapon, Latr.

Reégn. Animal, édit. 2e, v. p. 151.

The two species described below are new, and appear

to be confined to the Japanese Islands.

Phedon Brassice.

Ovatum, convexum, nitidum, subtus nigrum, supra

obscuro-eeneum, antennis nigris; capite thoraceque for-

titer punctatis; elytris regulariter punctato-striatis, inter-

spatiis levibus, planis.

Long. 13—2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; on turnips.

Head deeply punctured; clypeus slightly depressed,

pentangular, separated from the wpper part of the face by

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 175

a smooth impunctate oblique space, which extends on

either side from the inner edge of the antenna, and meets

its fellow at the apex of the clypeus. Thorax more than

twice as broad as long; sides converging and slightly

rounded from the base upwards, more quickly rounded at

the apex ; anterior angles obtuse ; above transversely con-

vex, strongly but not very closely punctured; the punc-

tures rather less crowded on the disk. Elytra broader

than the thorax, convex; regularly punctate-striate, the

punctures smaller and rather less deeply impressed than

those on the thorax; strie faintly sulcate; interspaces

plane, nearly impunctate, a few indistinct punctures being

visible under a lens. Anterior cox slightly elevated.

a Phedon incertum.

Ovatum, convexum, nitidum, subtus nigrum, supra

nigro-zneum, antennis nigris; capite fortiter punctato ;

thorace levi, tenuiter punctato, punctis disco remote-

lateribus minus remote-dispositis ; elytris regulariter punc-

tato-striatis, interspatiis planis.

Long. 14 ln.

Hab.— Nagasaki; a single specimen.

Head strongly punctured ; clypeus shorter than in Ph.

Brassice, pentangular ; two smooth spaces, not contiguous

at the apex, separate it from the upper face. Thorax more

than twice as broad as long; sides obliquely converging

and rounded from base to apex, more quickly rounded near

the anterior angles, the latter subacute; upper surface

smooth, finely but distinctly punctured, the punctures dis-

tant on the disk, rather larger and more closely placed on

the sides. Scutellum semiovate, impressed on either side

at the base with a small fovea. Llytra similar in form

and punctation to the last species.

Closely allied to Ph. Brassica. The subacute angles of

the thorax, together with the more finely punctured disk

of the latter, at once separate it from that insect.

Genus GAsTrRopHysa, Redt.

Faun. Austr. p. 553.

, Gastrophysa atrocyanea, Motsch.

Schrenck, Reisen in Amur-land, 1. 222.

Hab.—Japan; also Northern China and Eastern

Siberia.

176. Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

Fam. GALLERUCIDA.

Subfam. GALLERUCINZ.

Genus Aporium, Fabr.

Sys. El. i. p. 409.

Adorium Japonicum.

Ovatum, convexum, nigrum, nitidum, thorace flavo,

maculis 5 nigris, 1, 4 dispositis ornato, scutello elytrisque

nigro-ceruleis.

Long. 4 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki ; also China.

Encarpe separated from the front by a deep transverse

groove; antenne three-fourths the length of the body,

three lower joints fulvous beneath. Thorax obscure

flavous; a narrow line alone the middle of the basal

margin, a small spot immediately in front of the latter,

and four others arranged transversely across the middle of

the disk, black. Elytra closely and rather deeply but

finely punctured.

ean ApimontA, Laich.

Lyr. Enssa 290,

Adimonia extensa, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. 1861, p. 22.

Hab.—Japan.

This species varies in colour from dark fuscous to en-

tirely black,

Genus GALLERUCA, Geoff.

Joannis, Mon. Galler., L’Abeille, iii, p. 80. .

One species only, G. Sagittari@, is found in Europe;

two others are of the European type; the rest are exotic

forms of the genus. Two species, annulicornis and

vittaticollis, are as yet pculiar to Japan.

Galleruca tibialis.

Elongato-oblonga, convexa, fusco-fulva, fulvo-sericea,

mandibulis, oculis, antennis, tibiis tarsisque nigris ; tho-

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 177

race transyerso, irregulariter transversim concavo, rugoso-

punctato ; elytris oblongis, fortiter et crebre punctatis.

Long. 3—4 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki.

Head prominent, rugose-punctate, vertex impressed

with a piceous longitudinal groove; eyes prominent,

rotundate. Thorax more than twice as broad as long,

sides nearly parallel, rotundate; disk transversely concave,

irregularly excavated. Scutellum trigonate, its apex trun-

cate. Elytra oblong, broader than the thorax, closely

covered with large round punctures.

Galleruca punctato-striata, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. ix. p. 25 (1860).

Hab.—Japan (Gaschkevitch); also Northern China

(Fortune).

Galleruca maculicollis, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. 11. 49 (1854).

flab.—Nagasaki, Yokohama; also China.

This species varies greatly in the coloration of the under

surface. The description of Motschulsky, drawn up from a

Chinese specimen, gives the breast and sides of abdomen

as black ; the insects collected by Mr. Lewis at Nagasaki

are quite pale beneath, but one in my possession from

Yokohama has the underside entirely black.

Galleruca annulicornis.

Subelongata, convexa, fusca, fusco-sericea; subtus fulva,

femoribus apice, tibiis extrorsum tarsisque nigris; capite

granuloso-punctato, collo maculis tribus, oculis antennisque

nigris, his fulvo-annulatis; thorace transversim concavo,

ruguloso, puncto basali et utrinque vitta laterali, apice

abbreviata, nigris ; scutello nigro ; elytris suberebre rugoso-

punctatis, fulvo-marginatis, vitta brevi humerali nigra

instructis.

Long. 4 lin.

Hab.—Miogo.

Encarpe transverse, separated from each other by a

longitudinal groove; eyes prominent, shining black ;

antenne nearly as long as the body, bases of all the joints

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART II. (APR.) N

178 ; Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

(the first excepted) fulvous; a large patch on either side

the neck, and a smaller one on the vertex, black. Thorax

more than twice as broad as long, disk transversely con-

cave, more deeply excavated on the middle and on either

side, rugulose-punctate, a small round spot on the middle

of the base and a broad stripe on the lateral margin,

abbreviated at the apex, black. Scutellum trigonate, its

apex truncate. Ilytra broader than the thorax, narrowly

oblong, sides parallel, their outer margin broadly mar-

gined, reflexed; surface rather coarsely and somewhat

closely punctured, interspaces granulose-rugose.

Galleruca vitiaticollis.

Ovata, convexa, fusco-testacea, fulvo-sericea, pleuris,

vertice pedibusque piceis, femoribus subtus pallidis, scu-

tello antennisque nigris; thorace profunde punctato,

utrinque excavato, medio vitt& lata nigra, basi et apice

abbreviata ornato; elytris crebre, sat profunde punctatis.

Long. 23 lin. ,

Hab.— Nagasaki, Yokohama.

Vertex rugose-punctate, its surface nearly covered with

a large black patch ; eyes, labrum and antennz also black,

basal joints of the latter piceous beneath; encarpz sub-

quadrate, contiguous; carina linear, strongly raised ; epi-

stome bounded above by a strongly-raised ridge. ‘Thorax

three times as broad as long, sides angulate, sinuate behind

the middle, anterior and posterior angles distinct, the

former armed with an obtuse tooth, the latter acute; upper —

surface deeply excavated on either side, strongly and deeply

impressed with large round punctures, slightly but dis-

tinetly excavated in the middle, just behind the apical

border. Scutellum trigonate, black. Elytra broader than

the thorax, oblong, rather closely punctured, the punctures

similar to those on the thorax, but rather smaller and less

deeply impressed.

Galleruca Sagittarie, Gyll.

Ins. Suec. iii. 511.

Hab.—Hiogo, Japan; also Northern Asia, and nearly |

the whole of Europe.

Galleruca distincta.

Anguste oblonga, pallide fusca, fuseo-sericea; abdomine,

vertice, antennis (his basi exceptis), scutello oculisque

Se er

iain it ia mil

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 179

nigris, pedibus piceo-tinctis, tarsis nigro-piceis; thorace

utrinque excavato, medio vitt’ elevata bifurcata nitida

instructo; elytris parallelis, fortiter punctatis, opacis,

utrisque vitté submarginali piced instructis.

Long. 2—23 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head finely rugose-punctate; encarps transverse, con-

tiguous, eyes scarcely prominent, black; antennz two-

thirds the length of the body, black, base of lower joints

fuscous. Thorax twice as broad as long, sides rounded,

bisinuate, hinder margin broadly sinuate, anterior and pos-

terior angles each armed with an obtuse tubercle; disk

shining, deeply excavated on either side; excavated por-

tion fusco-sericeous, opake, rest of the surface glabrous ; on

the anterior half of the middle disk is an indistinctly raised,

smooth, bifurcate vitta; behind the latter, near the basal

border, are a few large, coarse punctures. Scutellum trun-

cate, black or pitchy-black. Elytra broader than the thorax,

parallel, moderately convex, strongly punctured, each elytron

with an ill-defined submarginal pitchy stripe, which, com-

mencing at the base, runs downward at a little distance

from the lateral border and extends nearly to the apex.

Genus /ENIDEA, Baly.

Palpoxena, olim.

Atnidea armata.

Elongata aut subelongata, nigra, nitida, capitis vertice

elytrisque cyaneis ; facie flava, antennis pedibusque pallide

piceis, illis basi tibiisque anticis flavis ; thorace tenuiter et

remote punctato, pone medium transversim impresso.

Var. A. Antennis pedibusque fere totis nigris, facie

nigro-picea. :

Mas.—Clypeo ampliato, concavo, apice inter antennas

cornu cylindrico, apice capitato, instructo. -

Long. 24—3$ lin. . :

Hab.—Nagasaki, Hiogo, Tsu Sima; also Manchuria.

This insect varies greatly in size and also to some extent

in coloration, the smaller specimens being generally more

brightly coloured than the larger ones. Basal half of

antennze more or less fulvous, stained with piceous above ;

clypeus enlarged and produced in the ¢, armed at the

__ apex with a short cylindrical horn, the upper end of which

is dilated into a flattened head; ? unarmed; encarpe dis-

N 2

180 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

tinct, transverse, slightly curved, dilated on their inner side,

divided from each other by the broad carina, and separated

from the front by a deep groove. Thorax transverse,

finely and distantly punctured, impressed just behind the

middle of the disk with a broad ill-defined transverse

groove, abbreviated at either end. Scutellum trigonate.

Elytra broader than the thorax, parallel, slightly depressed

transversely below the basilar space, distinctly punctured.

Atnidea ornata.

Elongata, obscure fulva, nitida, tarsis totis, antennarum-

que articulis dorso, piceis, femoribus tibiisque extrorsum

nigro-lineatis; elytris nigris, utrisque vitta lata alba, a

paullo infra basin ad longe pone medium extensa, apice

intus fere ad suturam producta, instructis.

Long. 24—3 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki; also Shanghai.

Head shining, impunctate; encarpe: thickened, trans-

verse, scapulariform, their upper half contiguous, their

lower half separated by the narrow compressed carina ; on

the lower edge of the front, and bounded beneath by the

encarpe, is a deep oblong fovea. Thorax transverse,

shining rufo-fulvous or fulvous, impressed just below the

middle of the disk by a broad ill-defined transverse groove,

similar in form to the one on the thorax of 4. armata.

Scutellum narrowly trigonate. Elytra wider than the

thorax, parallel, slightly excavated below the basilar space,

very finely punctured, shining black; on each elytron is a

broad white vitta, which, commencing just below the base,

runs down the outer disk for four-fifths of its length ; it

then curves suddenly inwards and terminates close to the

suture,

LEnidea abdominalis.

Subelongata, nigra, nitida, capite (antennis exceptis),

thorace abdomineque sanguineis ; thorace fere impunctato,

late transversim excayato.

Var. A. Abdomine nigro, apice saneuineo,

Long. 23 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head smooth, impunctate ; encarpx slightly raised ;

antennz black, two or three lower joints testaceous —

beneath and at the base. Thorax about one-fourth broader

than long, sides straight and parallel, anterior and pos-

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 181

terior angles each armed with an obtuse tubercle; hinder

margin truncate, notched on either side just within the

outer angle; surface smooth, impressed with a few fine

punctures, visible only under a lens; hinder disk im-

pressed with a broad, shallow, transverse, semi-lunate ex-

cavation. Scutellum oblong, its apex obtusely rounded.

Elytra slightly increasing in width towards the apex, dis-

tinctly punctured, shining black.

Ltinidea? basalis.

Elongata, angustata, fulva, nitida, capitis dorso, antennis,

basi exceptis, pectore abdomineque nigris; thorace impunc-

tato, disco transyersim impresso, margine basali spinis

obtusis erectis duabus armato; elytris thorace latioribus,

parallelis, tenuiter punctatis, basi nigro-ceruleis aut nigris ;

femoribus basi, tibiis apice tarsisque piceis.

~ Var. A. Elytrorum plaga communi basali ovata nigra.

Mas.—HElytris infra basin foved magna communi ob-

cordata impressis; tarsorum anticorum articulo basali in-

crassato.

Long. 23 lin.

Hab.—Satsuma, Japan ; also China (Shanghai).

Head strongly exserted, smooth, impunctate; encarpe

large, ill-defined, contiguous; antennze robust, nearly

three-fourths the length of the body; basal joint nigro-

fulvous, second, third and fourth pale piceous; the apices

of the third and fourth, together with the whole of the

remaining joints, black, clothed with coarse griseous hairs ;

mouth piceous. ‘Thorax rather broader at the base than

long, sides obliquely diverging from the base nearly to the’

middle, then rounded and slightly converging to the apex ;

anterior and posterior angles distinct, their apices obtuse ;

hinder margin armed on either side the middle with a

stout, erect, obtuse tooth; disk transversely excavated.

Scutellum large, subtrigonate, piceous. Llytra broader

than the thorax, parallel, surface finely but not closely

punctured ; in the ¢ a short distance below the scutellum

is a large common obcordate fovea, the surface of the

elytra surrounding which is distinctly thickened; basal

fifth of surface bluish- or pitchy-black; this basal band

sometimes contracted into a large common oval spot, placed

just below the scutellum.

182 - Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

LEinidea nigripes.

- Angustata, parallela, flava, nitida, capite nigro, pedi-

bus obscure fulvis, femoribus tibiisque dorso tarsisque

nigris; thorace impunctato, disco utrinque impresso ; elytris

tenuiter punctatis.

Long. 2 lin. 3

Hab.—Nagasaki, unique in Mr. Lewis’s collection.

Head strongly exserted, vertex swollen, impunctate ;

encarpx raised, transverse, contiguous; eyes prominent,

surrounded by a raised orbit; antennze moderately slender,

nearly equal to the body in length. ‘Thorax transverse,

sides narrowly margined, nearly straight, very feebly

sinuate behind the middle, very slightly divergmg from

base to apex, anterior and posterior angles acute ; anterior

and hinder margins truncate, the latter deeply notched

on either side, just within the outer angle; surface smooth,

impunctate, disk impressed on either side with a large but

shallow fovea. Scutellum semiovate. Elytra rather broader

than the thorax, parallel, finely punctured. Legs sparingly

clothed with whitish hairs.

The last two insects differ from those previously de-

seribed in their much narrower form, but as they do not

appear to present any structural differences from the more

typical species, I have placed them for the present in the

genus.

Genus CNEORANE, Baly.

Ent. Month. Mag. ii. 97.

Through an unfortunate blunder the tibia in my diag-

nosis of the genus are described as being each armed at

the apex with a spine; they are entirely unarmed.

Cneorane elegans.

Oblongo-ovata, postice ampliata, convexa, nitida, rufo-

testacea, oculis antennisque nigris, his basi testaceis ; pec-

tore abdomineque obscure viridi-metallicis ; elytris viridi-

enels ; tarsis omnibus pedibusque posticis piceis, pedibus

quatuor anterioribus piceo-tinctis.

Long. 24—31 lin.

Hlab.— Nagasaki.

Head shining, impunctate, front separated from the

pee by a transverse groove ; encarpe transverse, con-

iguous ; eyes shining black; antennse equal to the body

_ Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 183

in length. three lower joints testaceous, stained above with

black.. Thorax one-third broader than long, sides straight

and diverging from the base to beyond the middle, thence

rounded and slightly converging to the apex, anterior

angles thickened, hinder armed with an obtuse tubercle ;

upper surface convex, obsoletely excavated on either side

the disk, subremotely punctured. Scutellum trigonate,

shining black. lytra oblong, slightly dilated posteriorly,

convex, transversely depressed below the basilar space, the

latter on each elytron slightly raised; surface distinctly

and somewhat closely punctured.

Genus ArTHRoTus, Motsch.

Kitud. Ent. vi. p. 38 (1857).

Arthrotus niger, Motsch.

Loc. supra cit. p. 39.

Hab.—Simoda, Japan; M. Gaschkevitch (Mot-

schulsky).

I have not seen specimens of this species, which does

not appear to have been met with by Mr. Lewis.

Arthrotus variabilis,

Oblongo-ovatus, postice ampliatus, convexus, nitidus;

thorace transverso, fortiter punctato; elytris subcrebre

fortiter punctatis.

Mas.—Antennarum articulis 2° et 3'° brevibus, eequa-

libus.

Fem.—Antennarum articulo 3%° secundo duplo longiori.

A. Niger, genubus tarsisque piceis.

B. Niger, pedibus totis concoloribus.

C. Niger, antennis basi, elytris pedibusque fulvis, his

piceo-tinctis.

D. Fulvus, capite (vertice antennisque basi exceptis)

corporeque subtus, nigris; pedibus fulvis, piceo-

tinctis.

Long. ¢ 2, 2 24—3 ln.

Hab.— Nagasaki, Yokohama, Hiogo.

Vertex smooth, finely and remotely punctured ; front

deeply excavated above the encarpze, excavation coarsely

wrinkled; encarpz oblique, separated from each other by

the apex of the clypeus, the latter remotely punctured.

Thorax more than twice as broad as long ; sides margined,

regularly rounded, hinder angles produced into an acute

tooth, anterior angles truncate anteriorly, produced late-

rally into an acute tooth ; hinder margin obtusely rounded,

184 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

anterior sinuate in the middle ; upper surface transversely

convex, coarsely and irregularly, but not very closely

punctured ; lateral border reflexed. Scutellum smooth,

trigonate. Elytra broader than the thorax, oblong,

slightly dilated posteriorly, convex, coarsely punctured.

Pygidium in the ¢ transversely trigonate, its apex broadly

rounded; in the ¢ this segment is less transverse and

more acutely trigonate, the apex only being rounded.

This species differs from Motschulsky’s description of

A. niger in its larger size, and in its strongly punctured

thorax; Motschulsky says that im A. niger this part is

impunctate.

Arthrotus cyaneus.

Elongato-ovatus, niger, nitidus, abdomine nigro-piceo ;

supra cyaneus, antennis nigris; thorace transverso-qua-

drato, profunde subremote punctato; elytris anguste ob-

longis, fortiter punctatis.

Long. 1% lin.

Hab.— Hiogo; a single specimen.

Head exserted ; antenne slender, longer than the body,

clothed with pale adpressed hairs, third joint half as long

again as the second, the two together distinctly shorter

than the fourth; encarpz transverse, contiguous; vertex

and front impressed with a few distant punctures. Thorax

one-half broader than long; sides narrowly margined,

straight, feebly bisinuate, slightly diverging from base to

apex, anterior and posterior angles distinct, slightly pro-

duced, obtuse; disk smooth, transversely convex, strongly

but not closely punctured. Scutellum large, wedge-

shaped. Elytra much broader than the thorax, oblong-

elongate, slightly dilated towards the apex, convex,

coarsely punctured, the punctures smaller and less deeply

impressed posteriorly ; humeral callus moderately promi-

nent. Legs slender.

Genus Metospia, Baly.

Journ. Ent. i. (1861), p. 297.

Gallerucida, Motsch. Etud. Ent. 1860, p- 24.

M. Motschulsky’s name Gallerucida has the priority of

mine, but being the singular of

the family, I have not adopted it

This genus is entirely Asiatic; the two species men-

Gallerucide, the name of

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 185

tioned in the present paper are non-metallic, but I possess

several others undescribed, brilliantly metallic, from

Northern India.

Melospila bifasciata, Motsch.

Loe. supra cit. p. 24.

Hab.—Japan ; also Northern China and Manchuria.

Melospila consociata.

Oblonga, nigra, nitida, thorace subnitido, grosse punc-

tato; elytris punctato-striatis, punctis in striis confuse

positis, interstitiis distincte sed leviter punctatis ; utrisque

fasciis tribus undulatis, sutura abbreviatis, flavis.

Long. 4—4$ lin.

Hab.— Hakodadi (Mr. Moor).

Vertex deeply but not closely punctured, excavated and

rugose just above the encarpe, the latter raised, smooth

and shining; clypeus raised, trigonate. Thorax twice as

broad at the base as long; sides narrowly margined, nearly

straight and somewhat diverging from the base to beyond

the middle, thence obliquely converging and _ slightly

rounded to the apex; anterior angles slightly produced,

obtuse; surface subnitidous, finely granulose-punctate,

deeply impressed with large round fovee, crowded on the

sides, more scattered on the disk. lytra broadly oblong,

convex, deeply punctate-striate, the punctures irregularly

arranged on the striz, more regular and less deeply im-

pressed towards the apex, interspaces finely but distinctly

punctured; each elytron with three broad, irregularly-

undulate, yellow fasciw; the first below the base, extending

upwards on the shoulder to the basal margin, the second

just below the middle of the disk, and the third half-way

between the middle and the apex, the last sends several

irregular spurs upwards from its anterior margin.

M. consociata may be at once known from Jf. bifas-

ciata by the finely granulose-punctate thorax, together

with the much greater number of large round fovee

covering its surface; the shape of this segment is also

entirely different, the sides being straighter and more

divergent, and the reflexed border much narrower.

Genus AULACOPHORA, Chevr.

Rhapidopalpa, auctor. ; Joan. L’ Abeille, i. 99.

Ihave adopted Chevrolat’s name Aulacophora for the

186 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

present genus, for the same reason that I have altered my

genus Palpoxena into Ainidea.

Aulacophora femoralis, Motsch.

Rhapidopalpa femoralis, Motsch. Etud. Ent. vi. 37.

Hab.—Nagasaki (Lewis), Simoda (Gaschkevitch).

Aulacophora nigripennis, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. 1857, p. 38.

Hab.—Nagasaki.

Aulacophora angulicollis, Motsch.

Ovata, postice ampliata, convexa, flavo-alba, nitida,

oculis, pectore, elytrorumque maculis tribus nigris, anten-

nis pedibusque piceis.

Var. A. Elytrorum macula basali obsoleta.

B. Elytris totis immaculatis.

Raphidopalpa angulicollis, Motsch. Etud. Ent. ii. 50.

Mas.—Elytris foveé magné communi, infra basin posita,

margine elevata, istructis.

Long. 24 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki ; also Chinese Tartary, Pekin.

Head smooth and shining, impunctate; antenne piceous,

joints pale beneath. Thorax impunctate. Llytra much

broader than the thorax, dilated posteriorly, convex, dis-

tinctly punctured; the outer border, abbreviated behind the

middle, and three large patches, one common, at the base,

the two others placed one on each elytron, subapical and

attached to the outer margin, black. Legs piceous, knees

and basal half of tibie pale.

Aulacophora quadriplagiata.

_Ovata, convexa, postice leviter dilatata, pallide fulva,

nitida, pectore scutelloque nigris, antennis (basi excepta),

femoribus dorso, tibiis intus, tarsisque piceis; elytris flayo-

albidis, distincte punctatis, utrisque plagis duabus magnis,

longitudinaliter positis, inter se confluentibus, nigris.

Long. 23 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki, unique in Mr. Lewis’s collection.

Front excavated just above the encarpe, the latter dis-

tinctly raised, narrower, and less dilated behind than

Se ae

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 187

A. angulicollis. Scutellum narrowly triangular, its apex

obtuse. Hlytra yellowish-white, distinctly punctured; each

elytron with two large confluent patches, the first extending

from the base to the middle of the disk, the second from

the middle nearly to the apex, black.

Genus Luprrropes, Motsch.

Ktud. Ent. vii. 102.

Luperodes quadriguttatus, Motsch.

- Schrenck, Reis. in Amur-land, ii. p. 233, Tab. xi. fig. 20.

fHab.—Nagasaki; also Eastern Siberia and Dauria.

Luperodes discrepens, Baly.

“ Iphidea discrepens, Baly, Ent. Month. Mag. ii. 127.

Var. A. Abdomine flavo-albo.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

I find that the length of the second joint of the hinder

tarsus differs greatly in different species of Luperodes ; in

consequence my genus Jphidea, founded on the relative

length of the joints, must fall. The specimens brought

over by Mr. Lewis are paler in colour, and have the

abdomen yellowish-white. My type of Iph. discrepens is

at the present time in the hands of M. Chapuis for ex-

amination, so that I am unable to compare them with it,

but I think there is no doubt but that they belong to the

same species.

Luperodes pallidulus.

Ovatus, convexus, pallide flavus, nitidus, antennis (basi

excepta) fuscis, oculis nigris; thorace elytrisque distincte

punctatis.

Long. 2—23 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki.

Antenne slender, equal to the body in length, four

lower joints pale fiavous, the rest fuscous; encarpe trans-

verse, separated (except at the extreme apex) by the

carina; eyes large and prominent, shining black. Thorax

twice as broad as long, sides straight and nearly parallel,

obliquely deflexed from base to apex; anterior angles

thickened, very obtuse, hinder angles slightly produced,

188 Mr. Joseph 8S. Baly on the

obtuse; above transversely convex, finely but distinctly

punctured; on the middle of the disk is a faint transverse

excavation. Scutellum triangular. Elytra much broader

than the thorax, ovate, more deeply and rather more closely

punctured than the thorax.

Genus AGELASTICA, Redt.

Faun. Austr. 525.

Agelastica nigriceps, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. ix. p. 25 (Agelasa).

Hab.—Japan.

Agelastica cerulea.

Agel. Alni, var. cerulea, Motsch. Etud. Ent. ix. 26.

Ovata, convexa, cruleo-nigra, nitida, supra cerulea

aut purpurea, metallica, antennis nigris, harum articulis

2° et 3"° longitudine squalibus; thorace tenuiter punc-

tato, elytris crebre punctatis.

Long. 31—3} lin.

Hab.—Y okohama (Mr. Moor).

Very closely allied to A. Alni, larger and more brightly

coloured, the elytra rather more deeply punctured ; second

and third joints of antennz equal in length; in A. Alni

the third is distinctly longer than the second.

Genus Lurerus, Geoff.

Joannis, L’ Abeille, 11. 115.

Luperus Moorii.

Angustatus, elongatus, niger, nitidus, supra fusco-vio-

laceus aut fusco-neus ; antennis corpore longioribus,

nigris, articulo secundo tertioque pallide piceis, dorso

nigro-tinctis ; pedibus piceis, eenubus posterioribus quatuor,

femoribus tibiisque anticis, obscure fulvis.

Long. 13—2 lin.

Hab.—Y okohama.

Head finely granulose-strigose ; front impressed with an

ill-defined longitudinal groove ; encarpe transverse, tri-

gonate, contiguous ; antennz more than half as long again

as the body, black, closely clothed with concolorous hairs ;

second and third joints piceous, stained above with black:

eyes very large, prominent. Thorax one-half as broad

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 189

again as long, sides straight and very slightly diverging

from the base to beyond the middle, thence rounded and

‘converging to the apex, anterior and posterior angles each

armed with an obtuse tubercle ; basal margin sinuate in

front of the scutellum ; above shining, finely and distantly

punctured, flattened on the disk, slightly excavated on either

side in front, faintly excavated down the medial line.

Elytra parallel, more strongly and closely punctured than

the thorax. Legs piceous, the knees of the four hinder legs,

together with the anterior thighs and tibiz, obscure fulvous ;

the fulvous colouring in some specimens extends more or

less over the four hinder tibie.

Genus Monouerta, Erichs.

Arch. fiir Naturg. 1843, p. 265.

Joannis, Mon. Galler., L’ Abeille, iii. 156.

Monolepta flaviventris, Motsch.

Calomicrus? flaviventris, Motsch. Etud, Ent. ix. 26.

Hab.—Japan; also Northern China.

fe Monolepta nigro-bilineata, Motsch.

Cnecodes nigro-bilineatus, Motsch. Etud. Ent. ix. 26.

Hab.—Japan.

Subfam. HALTICINA.

Genus /Epronycuis, Latr.

Réen. Anim. tom. v.

jdionychis Japonicus.

Oblongo-ovatus, convexus, nigro-piceus, nitidus; tho-

race remote punctato, lateribus late piceis, margine reflexo

piceo-fulvo; elytris remote punctatis, piceo-fulvis, sutura

vittaque mediali, postice abbreviata, nigris.

Var. A. Elytris totis nigro-piceis.

Long. 13—2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head shining, vertex and front impressed on either side

with large, round, variolose punctures ; encarpx trigonate,

contiguous, slightly raised, smooth and shining, impunctate ;

antenne two-thirds the length of the body, robust, slightly

thickened towards the apex, four lower joints pale piceous,

190 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

more or less stained above with dark piceous, the rest

black. Thorax nearly three times as broad as long, sides

broadly margined, rounded, converging towards the apex,

sinuate just behind the anterior angle, hinder angle pro-

duced into an acute tooth; upper surface transversely

convex, transversely excavated in front of the base, finely

and remotely punctured ; dilated margin reflexed. Scu-

tellum trigonate, nigro-piceous. lytra oblong-ovate,

convex, lateral border moderately dilated, disk finely

punctured; the suture and a longitudimal stripe on the

middle of each elytron, commencing at the base, and ex-

tending for four-fifths the length of the disk, pitchy black.

Genus Psnupopmra, Baly.

Pseudodera xanthospila, Baly.

Journ. Ent. i. (1861), p. 200.

Hab.—Yohohama, Japan; also Northern China.

Genus GRAPTODERA, Chevy.

Dict. d’Orb. vi. 307.

Graptodera caerulescens.

Oblongo-ovata, convexa, subtus nigro-cerulea, supra

metallico-cerulea, nitida, antennis nigris; thorace con-

vexo, sub lente minute punctato, sulco transverso fere ad

marginem lateralem extenso; elytris oblongis, convexis,

infra basin non depressis, tenuiter sed distincte punctatis.

Long. 13—2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki, Tsu Sima; also Chusan.

Vertex smooth, impunctate; encarpse oblique, trans-

verse, subquadrate, contiguous at the apex, separated from

the front by a distinct groove; carina raised, its lower

half compressed and linear, the upper half hastate, space

on either side the lower portion smooth, impunctate.

Thorax one-third broader than long, sides nearly parallel,

slightly sinuate at the base, obliquely rounded towards the

apex, anterior angles very obtuse, broadly incrassate,

hinder angles armed with a short tooth; upper surface

smooth and shining, basal groove straight for nearly its

whole length, dilated and slightly sinuate at either end,

which nearly reaches the lateral border. Elytra oblong,

broader than the thorax, parallel, convex, distinctly punc-

tured, the punctures on the inner disk indistinctly arranged

in longitudinal strize.

. Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 191

Graptodera viridi-cyanea.

Ovata, convexa, subtus nigro-cerulea, supra viridi-

cyanea, nitida, antennis nigris; ‘thorace convexo, sub lente

‘minute et sub remote punctato, elytris oblongis, tenuiter

punctatis.

Long. 14 lin.

Hab. —Nagasaki.

Surface of lower half of face, on either side of the

narrow, distinctly-raised carina, irregularly wrinkled ;

encarpe triangular, contiguous. Thorax scarcely twice

as broad as long, sides at the base nearly straight and

parallel, their anterior half obliquely converging and dis-

tinctly sinuate, anterior angles slightly produced, obtuse ;

upper surface convex, distantly impressed with some minute

punctures, only able under a lens; basal groove dis-

tinctly bisinuate, terminating on either side at some dis-

tance from the lateral border. a oblong, convex,

finely punctured, interspaces (seen under a lens) minutely

eranulose.

Graptodera picipes.

Oblongo-ovata, postice paullo ampliata, convexa, nigra,

nitida, supra purpureo-tincta, antennis basi, femoribus

apice tarsisque obscure fulvis; thorace fere impunctato,

basi obsolete transversim suleato ; elytris oblongis, con-

vexis, tenuiter subremote punctatis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Front impunctate; encarpse. narrowly wedge-shaped,

oblique, contiguous; antennz with the five lower joints

obscure fulvous, the rest nigro-piceous, basal joints stained

above with piceous. Thorax twice as broad as long, sides

nearly parallel, anterior angles thickened, obliquely trun-

cate ; middle of anterior box der slightly atehode ; upper

surface shining, nearly impunctate, a few fine punctures

only being visible at the base; basal groove ill-defined,

nearly obsolete. Elytra broader than the thorax, slightly

broader towards the apex, the latter subacutely rounded ;

above convex, very finely and subremotely punctured.

Graptodera angustata.

Elongata, obscure viridi-cerulea, metallica, subtus

nigra, antennis nigris, his basi, genubus tarsisque piceis ;

thorace transyverso, levi, ante basin vage transversim im-

192 Mr. Joseph 8S. Baly on the sr

presso; elytris thorace latioribus, anguste oblongo-ovatis,

postice paullo ampliatis, convexis, distincte punctatis,

punctis subseriatim dispositis, ad apicem minus fortiter

impressis. :

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Vertex smooth, impunctate, encarpze well defined, con-

tiguous, slightly but distinctly elevated; carina thickened,

triangwar; antennz three-fourths the length of the body,

five or six lower joints pale piceous, more or less stained

above with dark piceous, the remaining joints black.

Thorax transverse, sides slightly rounded, slightly di-

verging from the base towards the apex, anterior angles

obliquely truncate, thickened; upper surface transversely

convex, smooth, impunctate, impressed a short distance in

front of the basal margin with a shallow, ill-defined, trans-

verse groove, which terminates on either side some distance

before reaching the lateral border. Elytra broader than

the thorax, narrowly oblong-ovate, slightly increasing in

width and convexity from the base towards the apex, the

latter rounded, extreme apical margin truncate; sur-

face distinctly but not closely punctured, the puncturing

more faintly impressed towards the apex; interspaces

smooth, impunctate.

Graptodera flavicornis.

Aneuste ovata, convexa, picea, nitida, supra sneo-

micans, antennis pedibusque (femoribus posticis exceptis)

flavis; thorace minute et remote punctato, basi leviter

transversim sulcato; elytris tenuiter punctatis, punctis

substriatim dispositis.

Long. 1—1} lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki.

Front smooth, impunctate ; encarps subquadrate, ob-

lique, contiguous; carina broad; eyes large, black; an-

tenn three-fourths the length of the body, third joint

equal in length to the first, the second rather shorter,

shghtly thickened. Thorax nearly twice as broad as long,

sides moderately rounded, anterior angles broadly and

obliquely truncate, produced laterally into, an indistinct

tooth; upper surface convex, very finely and distantly

punctured ; basal groove shallow, terminated at either end

by an oblique groove, which runs upwards and outwards

towards the lateral border. Elytra broader than the

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 193

thorax, ovate, convex, finely but distinctly punctured, the

punctures irregularly arranged in striz.

Graptodera fulvipennis.

Anguste oblonga, nigra, nitida, abdomine elytrisque

obscure fulvis, his intra marginem costa elevata instructis.

Var. A. Elytrorum costa obsoleta.

Long. 23—3 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; also China.

Antennz robust, basal joint produced at the apex

beneath into a short stout tooth. Face sparingly clothed

with white hairs, vertex glabrous, smooth, impunctate ;

encarp subquadrate, very distinct, separated from each

other by a deep groove. Thorax about one-third broader

than long, sides distinctly margined, nearly parallel,

bisinuate ; anterior angles laterally produced, acute, hinder

angles armed with an acute tooth; above smooth and

shining, finely and somewhat distantly punctured ; basal

groove very shallow, nearly obsolete in the middle, more

deeply impressed on either side, terminated at each end

by a short, deeply impressed longitudinal sulcation.

Elytra broader than the thorax, oblong, convex, flattened

above, finely punctured.

(Gienus HERMAOPHAGA, Foud.

Mon. Alt. 299.

Hermeophaga Adamsii.

Oblongo-cvata, convexa, nigro-cerulea, nitida, pedibus

antennarumque basi obscure fulvis, antennis extrorsum

femoribusque posticis piceis; elytris subcrebre punctatis.

Long. # lin.

Hab.—Tsu Sima (Mr. A. Adams); also Nagasaki

(Mr. Lewis).

Head smooth, encarpx transverse, ill-defined ; carina

broad, scarcely elevated, jaws and four lower joints of

antennz obscure fulvous, the rest nigro-piceous. ‘Thorax

nearly twice as broad as long, sides parallel, slightly

rounded; anterior angles produced laterally into an acute

tooth ;, above convex, minutely and rather distantly punc-

tured, basal groove distinct, but not very deeply impressed.

Elytra broader than the thorax, subacutely rounded at the

‘apex, convex, irregularly punctured, the punctures vary-

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART II. (APR.) O

194 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

ing greatly in size; the larger ones on the inner disk

indistinctly arranged in longitudinal rows.

Genus S£B&THE, Baly.

Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. December, 1864, p. 438.

Sebethe plagioderoides, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. 1860, p. 27 (dionychis ?).

Var. A. Corpore nigro, pedibus piceis.

Hab.— Nagasaki, Yokohama.

Sebethe flavipennis.

Anguste ovata g, ovata ¢, modice convexa, picea aut

nigro-picea; capite thoraceque nigris, antennarum basi

elytrisque flavis.

Long. 2 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki, Hiogo.

Vertex distantly punctured; encarpz subtrigonate, con-

tiguous, sometimes piceous; three or four lower joints of

antennz flavous or obscure fulvous. Thorax twice as

broad as long, sides slightly rounded, subparallel, broadly

margined, reflexed; angles not produced, obtuse, hinder

angles rounded; disk distantly punctured. Elytra much

broader than the thorax, somewhat depressed, distinctly

and somewhat closely punctured.

Genus Liprus, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. ix. 26.

Liprus punctato-striatus, Motsch.

Loe. supra cit. p. 26.

Hab.—Japan.

Liprus hirtus.

Elongatus, piceo-fulvus, sparse fulvo-hirtus, pedibus

antennisque flavis, his extrorsum nigro-piceis; meta *

thorace, abdomine elytrisque nigris. 4

Var. A. Corpus totum fulvum.

—— B. Thorax niger.

Long. 1—12 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki.

Head prominent, gs

» Space between the eyes raised, im-

pressed with a longitu

dinal groove ; encarpe not distinct ;

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 195

eyes ovate, prominent, black; vertex smooth, impunctate;

front above the encarpze concavely excavated. Thorax

subcylindrical, transversely grooved. and constricted just

in front of the basal margin; surface strongly punctured,

sparingly clothed with fulvous hairs. Scutellum black.

Elytra shining black, sparingly clothed with fulvous hairs ;

much broader than the thorax, oblong, convex, broadly

depressed transversely below the basilar space, the latter

slightly raised; surface strongly punctate-striate, inter-

spaces smooth, impunctate, thickened and subcostate at

the sides and apex; humeral callus elevated, the inter-

Space extending downwards from its lower extremity,

costate for the whole length of the elytron.

Genus CrEPIDODERA, Chevr.

Dict. dOrbigny, vi. 307.

Crepidodera obscuritarsis, Motsch.

Etud. Ent. ix. 27.

Hab.—Japan ; also Eastern Siberia.

Mr. Lewis has not met with this insect.

Crepidodera parvula.

Ovata, convexa, nigra, nitida, antennis pedibusque

piceis, illis basi, tiblis tarsisque pallidis; thorace fere im-

punctato, sulco fere obsoleto; elytris regulariter punctato-

striato, interstitiis nitidis, impunctatis.

Long. # lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Front impunctate, separated from the encarpz by a deep

groove; encarpz obliquely transverse, contiguous; four

‘wer joints of antenne piceo-fulvous, the rest nigro-piceous.

i horax nearly twice as broad as long, sides parallel, ante-

rior angles thickened, obliquely truncate, produced laterally

into an indistinct tooth ; surface convex, nearly impunctate,

a few punctures only being visible at the base; basal groove

mdistinct, nearly obsolete. Elytra much broader than the

thorax, regularly punctate-striate, punctures large, inter-

spaces smooth and shining, impunctate.

196 Mr. Joseph S. Baly. on the

Genus Mantura, Steph.

Ill. Brit. Ent. iv. 322, 1831.

Balanomorpha, Chevr. Dict. d’Orb, ii. 1842.

Stephens’ name for the present genus has more than ten

years’ priority over Chevrolat’s, therefore I have adopted it.

Mantura rustica, Lin.

Foud. Mon. Alt. 271.

Hab.—Japan, a single specimen; also the whole of

Europe.

Genus PHYLLOTRETA, Foud.

Mon. Alt. 230.

Phyllotreta sinuata, Redt.

Faun. Austr. 532.

Hab.—Japan; also China, Eastern Siberia and the

whole of Europe.

Phyllotreta funesta.

Elongata, convexa, nigra, nitida, pedibus nigro-piceis,

antennis basi, genubus tarsisque piceis; thorace longi-

tudine fere dimidio latiori, angulis posticis late rotundatis,

tuberculo parvo armatis, disco granuloso, minute punctato ;

elytris leviter granulosis, subcrebre punctatis.

Long. 14—2 lin.

Hab.—Tsu Sima (Mr. A. Adams).

Head subrotundate; eyes large, moderately prominent,

antenne robust, three lower joints piceous, the rest black;

encarpe transversely contiguous; carina narrow, ridge-

shaped. Thorax more than a third broader than long

across the middle, sides rounded, posterior angles broadly

rounded, armed with a small tubercle; above convex,

finely granulose-strigose, finely but not closely punctured.

Elytra subelongate, broader than the thorax, parallel,

more coarsely and closely punctured than the latter, inter-

spaces very finely granulose-strigose.

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 197

Genus APHTHONA, Foud.

Mon. Alt. 355.

Aphthona sordida.

Anguste oblongo-ovata, pallide castanea, nitida, oculis

nigris; thorace sat fortiter sed subremote punctato; elytris

oblongis, fortiter subcrebre punctatis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki.

Front smooth, impunctate, separated from the encarpes

by a deep groove; encarpz transverse, contiguous; an-

tennz equal to the body in length, robust, fourth and

following joints pale piceous. Thorax nearly twice as

broad as long, sides nearly parallel, distinctly margined,

notched just behind the anterior angle, the latter broadly

and obliquely truncate; upper surface moderately convex,

faintly but distinctly wrinkled, coarsely but somewhat

distantly punctured. Elytra broader than the thorax,

oblong, shoulders obliquely rounded, sides parailel, upper

surface moderately convex, deeply and somewhat closely

punctured.

Aphihona strigosa,

Elongato-oblonga, subtus nigra, nitida, pedibus (femo-

ribus posticis exceptis) fulvis; supra subopaca, sordide viridi-

metallica, antennis fulvis, extrorsum nigris; thorace trans-

verso-quadrato, minute strigoso; elytris thorace latioribus,

oblongo-ovatis, infra basin ad latera late sed leviter exca-

vatis, subremote tenuiter punctatis, interstitiis granulosis.

Long. {—1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Vertex minutely strigose-granulose ; encarpz well de-

fined, oblique, contiguous; face dark metallic green,

antennee nearly equal to the body in length, four lower

joints pale-fulvous, two following piceous, the rest black.

Thorax transversely convex, sides rounded, constricted at

the base, armed just behind the apex with an obtuse tooth;

upper surface very finely strigose. Elytra broader than the

thorax, oblong-ovate, convex; broadly but slightly excavated

below the humeral callus, finely but remotely punctured,

whole surface finely granulose-punctate. Body beneath

shining black, legs fulvous, hinder thighs black.

. 198 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

Aphthona pygmea.

Oblongo-ovata, convexa, nigra, nitida, antennis extror-

sum femoribusque piceis, illis basi obscure fulvis; tibiis

tarsisque piceo-fulvis; thorace longitudine fere duplo

latiori, angulis anticis oblique truncatis, incrassatis, pos-

ticis acutis, disco distincte et subremote punctato; elytris

oblongis, distincte punctatis.

Long. # lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki; a single specimen.

Head triangular, vertex smooth, impunctate; eyes large,

moderately prominent; encarpz separated from the front

by a distinct groove, subovate, oblique, separated from each

other by the narrow carina; four lower joints of antennz

obscure fulvous, the rest piceous. Thorax nearly twice as

broad as long, sides distinctly margined, rounded ; hinder

angles acute, armed with a small subacute tooth, anterior

thickened, obliquely truncate. Thighs nigro-piceous, their

apices, together with the tibia and tarsi, obscure fulvous,

more or less stained with piceous.

Aphthona? collaris.

Subelongata, nigra, nitida, thorace rufo-testaceo, angulis

posticis obsoletis, disco (oculo armato) tenuiter punctato,

interspatiis tenuiter strigosis; elytris thorace latioribus,

‘ovatis, postice leviter ampliatis, tenuiter punctatis, in-

terspatiis minute punctatis.

Long. 1} lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head shining black, impunctate; encarpe transverse,

contiguous; four lower joints of antennz nigro-piceous,

the rest black. Thorax one-fourth broader than long,

sides rounded, anterior angles slightly produced, their

apex rounded, posterior angles entirely obsolete, broadly -

rounded; disk moderately convex. Elytra much broader

than the thorax, ovate, moderately dilated posteriorly,

finely punctured.

Aphthona? Pryeri.

Anguste ovata, late fulva, nitida, antennis extrorsum,

oculis, pectore, abdomine elytrisque nigris; thorace tenuiter

punctato; elytris nitidis, subfortiter, subcrebre punctatis,

interstitus subgranulosis. .

Long. 14 lin.

Hab.—Y okohama (Mr. Pryer); N agasaki (Mr. Lewis.) ©

Vertex smooth and shining, impunctate; encarpe trans-

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 199

verse, contiguous ; antenne equal in length to the body,

second and third joints short, equal in length, three lower

joints pale fulvous, fourth and fifth piceous, the rest black ;

eyes large, prominent. Thorax nearly twice as broad as

long, sides broadly rounded at the base, gradually diverging

to the middle, thence converging to the apex, hinder an gles

nearly obsolete, anterior angles armed with an obtuse

tubercle; basal margin sinuate in the middle, broadly

rounded on either side; upper surface minutely and dis-

tantly punctured, interspaces very finely strigose. Elytra

much broader than the thorax, sides obliquely diverging

from the shoulders for about a fourth of their leneth,

thence gradually converging towards the apex, the latter

acutely rounded; upper surface convex, rather strongly

a somewhat closely punctured, interspaces finely gra-

nulose.

Genus THyamis, Stephens.

Ill. Brit. Ent. iv. 307.

Thyamis Adamsit.

Elongata, convexa, picea, nitida, antennis, pedibus

quatuor anticis et tibiis tarsisque posticis pallidis ; thorace

lateribus fere rectis, distincte sed tenuiter punctato; elytris

ovalibus, subcrebre punctatis, punctis subseriatim dis-

positis.

Long. 13 lin.

Hab.—Matsmai, Yesso (Mr. A. Adams).

Vertex smooth and shining, impressed on either side

just above the eye with several large round fovez ; encarpx

transverse, slightly raised, contiguous, the sutural line

between them obsolete; carina linear; antennz equal to

the body in length, filiform, pale piceous. Thorax nearly

half as broad again as long, sides nearly straight and

parallel, slightly smuate behind the middle, anterior angles

thickened, obliquely truncate, hinder angles acute; upper

surface subremotely punctured. Scutellum smooth, 1m-

punctate. Elytra oval, broader than the thorax, convex,

coarsely punctured, punctures (more especially on the

inner disk) indistinctly arranged in longitudinal rows.

Thyamis Lewisit.

_ Elongata, convexa, fulva, nitida, pectore, abdomine,

femoribus posticis capiteque (antennis basi exceptis)

200 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

piceis; thorace transverso ; angulis posticis late rotun-

datis, disco fere impunctato, margine apicali anguste piceo;

elytris ovatis, utrisque apice acute rotundatis, distincte

punctatis, lmea suturali, basi et apice abbreviata, nigro-

picea ornatis.

Long. 1 lin. ;

Hab.— Nagasaki ; a single specimen.

Vertex convex, impunctate, very finely granulose-stri-

gose ; encarpe obsolete ; carina linear; antennz filiform,

nearly equal to the body in length, second joint slightly

thickened, longer than the third ; four lower joints obscure

fulvous, the rest piceous. ‘Thorax nearly twice as broad

as long, sides nearly parallel in front, constricted behind

the middle, hinder angles very broadly rounded ; anterior

angles thickened, obliquely truncate; disk subcylindrical,

impunctate. Scutellum pale piceous. Elytra broader

than the thorax, ovate, attenuated behind the middle, the

apex of each elytron subacutely rounded ; above convex,

distinctly punctured, the punctures on the inner disk indis-

tinctly arranged in longitudinal strie. Four anterior legs

_ and the hinder tibiz: and tarsi more or less stained with

piceous: all the claws piceous.

Thyamis bimaculata.

Subelongato-ovata, sordide fulva, nitida, oculis nigris,

antennis pedibusque flavis, pectore, abdomine femorumque

posticorum apice piceis; thorace granuloso, distincte punc-

tato; elytris fortiter subcrebre punctatis, utrisque macula

subrotundata, vix pone medium posita, picea ornatis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Front smooth, very minutely striate when seen under a

strong lens; encarpe transversely wedge-shaped, separated

from the front by a deep groove, divided from each other by

ashort longitudinal groove; carina linear, slightly thickened

at its apex; antennz moderately robust, shorter than the

body, basal and five outer joints slightly stained with

piceous. Thorax transverse, sides parallel, slightly rounded,

bisinuate, anterior angles broadly and obliquely truncate ;

extreme lateral and basal margins narrowly edged with

Ppiceous; surface transversely convex, granulose, rather

coarsely punctured, the punctures somewhat crowded on

the sides, much more distant on the disk. Elytra broader

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 201

than the thorax, regularly ovate, coarsely and rather closely

punctured, interspaces smooth ; each elytron with a large,

ul-defined, round, piceous patch, placed on the middle of

the disk, scarcely below the middle.

LThyamis amicula.

Elongato-ovata ¢ ; ovata, postice ampliata ¢, pallide

piceo-fulva, nitida, antennis basi pedibusque flavis, femo-

ribus posticis pallide piceis, oculis nigris; thorace levi,

elytris tenuiter punctatis.

Long. 3—1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Vertex swollen, convex, smooth, impunctate on either

side the front, just within the margin of the eyes are a

few faint transverse strize; carina linear ; encarpe not

separated from the front, but divided from each other by

a short piceous groove ; antennz slender, linear, exceeding

the body in length, the four lower joints yellow, the rest

pale fulvous, the apex of the terminal joint piceous.

Thorax transversely convex, sides obtusely rounded,

sinuate in the middle, the outer edge, together with the

extreme basal margin, narrowly bordered with piceous ;

surface smooth and shining, nearly impunctate, a few very

fine punctures only being visible under a deep lens. Elytra

broader than the thorax, ovate, attenuated and acutely

rounded at the apex in the ¢; increasing in width and

convexity from the base to beyond the middle, thence sub-

acutely rounded in the ¢ ; the sutural angles in both sexes

rounded; upper surface finely and distinctly, but not

very closely punctured, interspaces indistinctly granulose ;

suture with a narrow, pale-piceous line, often indistinct,

sometimes obsolete. Legs pale yellow, hinder thighs pale

piceous, a darker patch of the same colour on their inner

surface.

Thyamis inconspicua.

Anguste ovata, convexa, pallide picea, nitida, oculis

nigris, antennis extrorsum piceis; thorace convexo, tenuis-

sime punctato, obsolete piceo-marginato; elytris distincte

punctatis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Front smooth, impunctate, separated from the en-

carpe by a shallow groove; encarpe trigonate, con-

202 -. Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

tiguous ; carina broad; antennx nearly equal to the body

in length; second, third and fourth joints nearly equal,

the second slightly thickened, seven outer joints obscure

piceous. Thorax one-third broader than long, sides

nearly parallel, slightly diverging from base to apex,

bisinuate, anterior angles very broadly and_ obliquely

truncate, produced laterally into a distinct tooth; above

convex, very minutely punctured (the punctures only

visible under a deep lens) ; lateral and basal margins nar-

rowly edged with piceous. Elytra broader than the

thorax, broadly ovate, convex, distinctly punctured.

Genus ARGOPISTES, Motsch.

Schrenck, Reisen, ii. 236,

Argopistes biplagiatus, Motsch., loc. supra cit. p. 236.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; apparently common.

Argopistes coccinelloides.

Rotundatus, convexus, niger, nitidus, subtus piceus,

antennis obscure fulvis; elytris plagis magnis duabus tes-

taceis ornatis.

Long. 2 lin.

Hab.—Japan.

Eyes very large; upper portion of face closely punc-

tured, impressed on either side between the eyes with a

round fovea ; encarpz obsolete; vertex smooth, impunc-

tate. ‘Thorax nearly three times as broad as long, sides

obliquely converging and slightly rounded from base to

apex, anterior and posterior angles obtuse ; basal margin

oblique on either side, medial lobe distinctly produced,

obtusely rounded; disk distinctly and somewhat closely

punctured. Elytra rather more finely punctured than the

thorax, each with a large testaceous patch, placed on the

inner disk before the middle.

This species may be at once known from the preceding

by its much larger size; it bears a very great resemblance

in its form and colouring to a Coccinella.

Genus SPH®RODERMA, Steph.

Ill. Brit. Ent. iv. 328.

Spheroderma fuscicornis, Baly.

Ent. Month. Mag. i. 184.

Subhemispherica, fulva, nitida, antennis extrorsum

tae na

Cr ene Ne

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 203

oculisque nigris, thorace tenuiter punctato; elytris con-

fuse punctatis.

Long. 14—14 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; also Tsu Sima (Adams).

Vertex smooth, impunctate; encarpe remote, transverse-

quadrate, carina broad; antenne with the four lower

joints flavous, the rest black, or pitchy black; second joint

slightly thickened, subovate, third and fourth each nearly

equal in length to the second, the fifth slightly longer.

Thorax more than twice as broad as long; sides rounded,

converging from base to apex, anterior angles slightly

produced, thickened, obtuse, hinder angles obtuse ; basal

margin sinuate on either side the median lobe, the latter

very obtuse ; disk transversely convex, finely but distinctly

punctured. Elytra broader than the thorax, irregularly

punctured.

Spheroderma seriata.

Subhemispherica, fulva, nitida, oculis antennisque (his

basi exceptis) nigris; thorace tenuiter, subremote punctato ;

elytris sat fortiter punctatis, punctis striatim-, basi prope

suturam confuse-dispositis.

Long. ? lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki; a single specimen.

Vertex smooth, impunctate; encarpx transverse, con-

tiguous; carina broad, compressed anteriorly ; eyes pro-

minent ; front border of clypeus, labrum and jaws piceous;

four lower joints of antennz flavous, the rest black;

second, third and fourth joints short, nearly equal, the

second slightly thickened. ‘Thorax rather more than

twice as broad as long; sides narrowly margined, slightly

rounded, converging: from base to apex, anterior angles

thickened, obliquely truncate, hinder acute; basal margin

distinctly bisinuate on either side the median lobe, the

latter rounded ; upper surface transversely convex, finely

but not closely punctured. Elytra broader than the

thorax, strongly punctured, the punctures arranged in

longitudinal striz, those at the base near the suture irre-

gularly placed.

Spheroderma tarsata.

Ovato-rotundata, convexa, fulva, nitida, oculis nigris;

thorace distincte punctato, punctis disci magis remotis,

minus fortiter impressis; elytris fortiter punctatis, puncfis

204 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

piceis, subseriatim dispositis, prope suturam confusis ; tar-

sorum articulo tertio lato.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.—Japan; a single example in Mr. Lewis's collec-

tion.

Vertex and front smooth, impunctate, separated from

the eyes and encarpe by a deep groove; encarpz trans-

verse, contiguous; antennze equal to the body in length,

filiform, entirely fulvous, third joimt rather shorter than

either the second or fourth. Thorax twice as broad as

long, sides nearly parallel at the base, thence rounded and

converging to the apex, anterior angles obtuse, thickened ;

basal margin sinuate on either side the median lobe, the

latter very slightly produced, its apex truncate; upper

surface distinctly punctured, the punctures finer and more

scattered in the middle of the disk. Elytra coarsely and

deeply punctured, the punctures stained with piceous, very

irregularly placed near the suture, arranged in irregular

longitudinal rows over the rest of the surface. Third

joint of all the tarsi dilated and much broader than the

others.

Spheroderma Japana.

Rotundato-ovata, convexa, ceruleo-nigra, subtus nigra,

nitida, antennis longioribus, pedibusque piceis, illis basi,

genubus, tibiis anticis tarsisque omnibus piceo-fulvis ;

thorace subfortiter punctato; elytris fortiter subseriatim

punctatis.

Long. 11 lin,

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Vertex smooth, impressed on either side just above the

eyes with one or two large round foves; encarpe trans-

verse, oblong, contiguous; eyes large, moderately pro-

minent ; antenne equal to the body in length, second,

third and fourth joints nearly equal in length, five lower

Joints obscure fulvous, the rest piceous. Thorax twice as

broad as long, sides moderately rounded, parallel behind

the middle, converging towards the apex, hinder angles

acute, anterior obliquely truncate, thickened; disk trans-

yersely convex, coarsely but not very closely punctured.

Elytra rather broader than the base of the thorax, coarsely

punctured, interspaces shining, impunctate, the punctures

on the inner disk arranged in ill-defined longitudinal rows.

Third joint of tarsi only slightly broader than the first.

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 20

Spheroderma separata.

Ovata, rotundata, convexa, subtus nigra, pedibus piceis,

femoribus anticis tarsisque piceo-fulvis; supra czruleo-

nigra, antennis robustis, corpore brevioribus, nigris, basi

fulvis ; thorace subfortiter punctato ; elytris fortiter puncta-

tis; punctis subseriatim dispositis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hlab.— Nagasaki.

Vertex and front smooth, impunctate, separated from

the eyes and encarpx by a deep groove; encarnz oblong,

oblique, separated from each other (the extreme apex ex-

cepted) by the carina; antennte rather more than two-

thirds the length of the body, robust, the third jot small,

distinctly shorter than either the second or fourth, four

lower joints obscure fulvous, fifth and sixth obscure

piceous, the rest black. Thorax nearly three times as

broad as long, sides rounded and converging from base to

apex, hinder angles acute, anterior thickened, obtuse ;

surface rather deeply but not very closely punctured,

interspaces smooth and shining, impunctate. Elytra

strongly and deeply punctured, the punctures arranged

in irregular longitudinal striz ; interspaces smooth, im-

pressed here and there with a few very fine punctures,

Third joint of all the tarsi only slightly broader than the

first.

Spheroderma apicalis.

Subhemispherica, rufo-fulva, nitida, pectore elytrisque

nigris, his subseriatim punctatis, apice rufo-fulvis ; thorace

minute subremote punctato, plag& transversa basali fusca

tincto ; abdomine rufo-piceo.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Front smooth, impunctate; encarpe transverse-quadrate,

ill-defined; carina broad; eyes black; antennz pale rufo-

fulvous, second joint nearly as thick as the first ovate,

nearly equal in length to the third and fourth united.

Thorax more than twice as broad as long, transversely

convex, sides moderately rounded, converging towards the

apex, anterior angles thickened, very obtuse ; basal margin

slightly bisinuate on either side; disk finely but not closely

unctured ; on the basal margin, just in front of the scutel-

lum, is a transverse piceous patch, the front margin of

206 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

which is deeply notched. Elytra broader than the thorax,

somewhat strongly punctured, the punctures arranged in

irregular longitudinal strie; apex of elytra broadly edged

with rufo-fulvous.

Genus ArGopus, Fisch.

Ent. Russ. i. 184.

Argopus clypeatus.

Hemisphericus, rufo-testaceus, nitidus, antennis (basi

excepta), tibiis tarsisque nigris; clypeo rugoso, apice bi-

furcato, lobis concavis, basi creté transversa, elevata, mar-

ginatis.

Var. A. Corpus piceum, antennis pedibusque ut in typo.

Long. 24 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Very closely allied to A. nigritarsis, Gebl., and possibly

only a local form of that species, but the character sepa-

rating it, although slight, is so constant in all the specimens

examined, that I have not hesitated to regard it as dis-

tinct; the chief differential character resides in the clypeus. ~

In A. clypeatus the lobes of the bifurcation are deeply ex-

cavated, and separated from the face by an irregular trans-

verse ridge; in A. nigritarsis this ridge is absent, and the

lobes themselves are very slightly concave. All other

characters are similar in both species. The present insect

is more than a third larger than A. nigritarsis.

Aryopus orientalis.

Subhemisphericus, fulvus, nitidus, oculis antennisque

(his basi exceptis) nigris; thorace tenuiter, basi magis for-

titer, punctato; elytris subfortiter punctatis, punctis sub-

striatim dispositis.

Long. 13 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Mead smooth, impunctate, encarpe slightly oblique,

transverse, subquadrate, nearly contiguous; carina broad,

smooth; antennz slender, entirely filiform, second and

_ third joints short, nearly equal, fourth and following joints

equal, each distinctly longer than the third ; lower portion

of clypeus depressed, bilobed. Thorax more than twice

as broad as long, sides rounded and obliquely converging

from base to apex, anterior angles slightly but distinctly

produced, obtuse ; basal margin slightly bismuate on either.

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 207

side the median lobe, the latter truncate; upper surface

transversely convex, finely but distinctly punctured, the

punctures near the basal margin coarser and more strongly

impressed. Elytra broader than the thorax, strongly

punctured, the punctures arranged in irregular longi-

tudinal striz, their mterspaces shining, impunctate.

Genus APTEROPODA, Redt.

Faun. Austr. 542.

Apteropoda nigro-picea.

Rotundato-ovata, postice attenuata, valde convexa,

nigro-picea, nitida, antennis pedibusque piceo-fulvis,

femoribus posticis piceis; thorace sparse et tenuiter punc-

tato, utrinque basi line&é brevi impresso; elytris regula-

riter punctato-striatis, interstitiis levibus, impunctatis.

Long. 1—14 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Front smooth, impunctate, separated from the face by a

transverse slightly curved groove, which extends across

between the upper angles of the eyes; lower portion of

face rufo-piceous. Thorax transverse, sides straight and

parallel, produced before the middle into a short acute

tooth, thence obliquely converging to the apex; surface

transversely convex, distantly and finely punctured, im-

pressed at the base on either side with a short longitudinal

groove. LElytra broadly ovate, attenuated towards the

apex, convex, regularly punctate-striate, the interspaces

smooth, impunctate.

Genus PLECTROSCELIS, Redt.

Faun. Austr. 539.

Plectroscelis granulosa.

Ovata, convexa, nigra, nitida, femoribus anticis quatuor

piceis, tibiis, tarsis antennarumque basi fulvis; thorace -

subfortiter punctato, interstitiis granulosis; elytris fortiter

punctato-striatis, interspatiis exterioribus subcostatis. ;

Long. # lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Front separated from the encarpz on either side by an

E- oblique groove; encarpz divided from each other by the

linear carina, which runs upwards to join the front;

antenne three-fourths the length of the body, three lower

208 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

joints fulvous, second two-thirds the length of the first,

third and two following joints equal, each rather longer

than the second. Thorax nearly twice as broad as long,

sides moderately rounded, slightly converging towards the

apex, anterior angles very obtuse ; upper surface distinctly

punctured, interspaces granulose. Elytra broader than

the thorax, slightly attenuated towards the apex, convex,

deeply and regularly punctate-striate; interspaces smooth

and shining, impunctate, those on the outer disk sub-

costate.

Plectroscelis concinnicollis.

Ovata, convexa, subtus nigra, pedibus piceo-fulvis,

femoribus piceis; supra cuprea, antennis obscure fulvis,

extrorsum nigris; thorace erebre foveolato, interstitiis

levibus; elytris foveolato-striatis, interspatiis nitidis, im-

punctatis, disco exteriori et ad apicem conyexiusculis.

Long. # lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; a single specimen.

Head round, closely foveolate-punctate ; encarpe and

carina obsolete ; antennez more than half the length of the

body, very slightly thickened towards the apex, six lower

joints obscure fulvous, the rest black. Thorax two-thirds

broader than long sides parallel, rounded and converging

before the middle, hinder angles acute, anterior obtuse ;

disk closely covered with large round punctures, inter-

spaces shining, impunctate. Elytra broader than the

thorax, narrowed towards the apex, deeply foveolate-

striate ; interspaces smooth, impunctate, convex on the

outer disk and towards the apex; a small space at the base,

near the suture, irregularly punctate.

Plectroscelis cylindrica.

_Subcylindrica, subtus obscure viridi-metallica, pedibus

piceo-fulvis, femoribusanticis quatuor basi et apice, posticis

dorso, tibiis apice tarsisque piceis; supra snea, antennis

nigris, basi fulvo-piceis; thorace sat erebre foveolato-punc- .

tato; elytris fortiter punctato-striatis, punctis basi prope

suturam confusis; interspatiis disci exterioris et ad apicem

costatis.

Long. 14 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head round, lower portion of face clothed with long

white hairs; vertex and front closely covered with round

Se hee =,

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 209

punctures, a longitudinal line down the front impunctate ;

encarpe and carina obsolete ; antennz more than half the

length of the body, slightly thickened towards the apex,

four lower joints fulvo-piceous, stained above with piceous.

Thorax about a third broader than long, sides obliquely

diverging from the base to the middle, thence rounded and

converging to the apex, hinder and anterior angles acute ;

disk convex, deeply foveolate-punctate. Elytra- rather

broader than the thorax, parallel, convex, deeply foveolate-

striate; interspaces on the outer disk and towards the apex

costate.

Genus PsyLuioprEs, Latr.

Réen. Anim. v. 139.

Psylliodes angusticollis.

Elongato-ovata, nigro-enea, nitida, antennis pedibusque

fulvis, illis extrorsum tarsisque infuscatis, femoribus pos-

ticis piceis; thorace punctato, lateribus subparallelis,

leviter rotundatis; elytris distincte punctato-striatis, inter-

spatiis planis, sub lente minute sed sparse punctatis.

Long. 1 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head narrowly triangular, front slightly swollen, smooth,

impunctate. ‘Thorax scarcely one-third broader than long,

sides nearly parallel, slightly rounded, converging towards

the apex, anterior angles thickened, broadly and obliquely

truncate; surface covered with rather large but shallow

punctures, the interstices finely granulose-punctate. Elytra

broader at the base than the thorax, narrowly ovate, con-

vex, distinctly but not very deeply punctate-striate ; inter-

spaces smooth, very finely but sparingly punctured (the

punctures only visible under a deep lens).

Psylliodes punctifrons.

Elongato-ovata, convexa, obscure viridi-nea, nitida,

antennis piceis, basi fulvis, pedibus piceo-fulvis, femoribus

quatuor anticis piceis, posticis piceo-zeneis ; thorace crebre

punctato, lateribus rectis; elytris sat fortiter punctato-

striatis, interspatiis distincte punctatis.

Long. 14 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Vertex and front distinctly punctured; interspaces

minutely granulose, encarpx obsolete ; three lower joints of

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART Il. (APR.) P

210 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

antenne: fulvous, the above surface of the third, together

with the following joints, piceous. Thorax nearly twice

as broad as long, sides straight, slightly converging from

base to apex, anterior angles thickened, obliquely truncate ;

surface finely granulose-strigose, somewhat closely punc-

tured, the puncturing coarse on the sides, rather finer on

the middle of the disk. Elytra broader than the thorax,

ovate, convex, regularly punctate-striate, interspaces shin-

ing, finely but not closely punctured. Legs obscure

piceo-fulvous, four anterior thighs piceous, hinder pair

fusco-seneous.

Psylliodes difficilis.

Elongato-ovata, convexa, nitida, subtus nigra, pedibus

piceis, femoribus posticis cyaneo-micantibus ; supra cyanea,

antennis nigris, basi fulvis; thorace transverso, subconico,

subremote punctato; elytris regulariter punctato-striatis,

interspatiis tenuiter, remote punctatis, disco exteriori et ad

apicem convexis.

Long. 13 lin.

Hab.—Nagasaki; a single specimen.

Vertex convex, finely and subremotely punctured ;

encarpx obsolete, carina broad; antennze moderately

robust, two-thirds the length of the body, second joint

curved, equal in length to the first, third scarcely shorter

than the second, three lower jomts obscure fulvous, the

rest black. ‘Thorax nearly twice as broad as long at the

base, sides straight, obliquely converging from base to

apex; anterior angles broadly and obliquely truncate, pro-

duced laterally into a small acute tooth; hinder angles

acute ; basal margin oblique and bisinuate on either side,

basal lobe rounded; above subconic, distinctly but not

closely punctured. Elytra broader than the thorax,

narrowly oblong, strongly punctate-striate, interspaces

finely but remotely punctured, nearly plane on the an-

terior half of the inner disk, convex towards the apex;

those on the outer disk convex for their whole length.

Genus Nonartura, Baly.

Journ. Ent. i. (1862), p- 455.

Nonarthra cyaneum.

Subrotundatum, valde conyexum, nigrum, nitidum,

ie acai

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 211

genubus tarsisque piceis; supra cyaneum, antennis nigris,

articulis tribus basalibus fulvis, dorso piceo-tinctis.

Long. 13—2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki.

Head smooth and shining, nearly impunctate, front just

above the encarpz transversely excavated ; encarpe con-

tiguous. Thorax nearly three times as broad as long, sides

obliquely converging from base to apex; surface minutely

and remotely punctured. Scutellum trigonate. lytra

_broadly rotundate-ovate, distinctly punctured.

Nonarthra fulvum.

Late ovatum, convexum, obscure fulvum, nitidum,

thorace subremote et minute punctato; elytris tenuiter sed

distincte punctatis.

Long. 14 lin.

Hab.—Japan ; a single specimen in my own collection,

collected by Mr. Moor.

Clypeus triangular, smooth, impunctate ; carina obso-

lete ; encarpz subtrigonate, contiguous, separated from the

front by a deep transverse groove; vertex smooth, im-

pressed with very fine remote punctures; eyes pale.

Thorax three times as broad as long, sides obliquely

rounded and converging from base to apex ; hinder angles

broadly rounded, anterior obtuse ; disk somewhat distantly

and very minutely punctured, the punctures only visible

under a lens; sides broadly margined, margin reflexed,

separated from the disk by coarse irregular punctures.

Secutellum triangular. Elytra much broader than the

thorax, lateral border narrowly reflexed, shoulders broadly

rounded ; upper surface moderately convex, slightly flattened.

in the middle of the back, finely, but distinctly punctured.

Fam. CASSIDID ZA.

-Genus AsprpomorpHa, Hope.

Boh. Mon. Cass. ii. 242.

'- Aspidomorpha difformis, Motsch.

Boh. Mon. Cass. Suppl. 277.

Deloyala difformis, Motsch. Etud. Ent. 1860, p. 27.

Hab.—Japan; also Manchuria and Eastern Siberia.

P2 :

212 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

Genus CassipA, Lin.

Syst. Nat. i., i. 374; “Boh. Mon. Cass. 11. 329.

Cassida Japana.

Rotundata, subdepressa, sordide fulva aut fusca, sub-

nitida, antennis extrorsum piceis; subtus nigra, pedibus

obscure fulvis; thorace nitido, distincte punctato; elytris

fortiter, sat profunde punctato-striatis, interspatiis costatis,

costis hic illic ramulo transverso connexis ; disco modice

convexis, utrisque basi ad suturam excavatis ; sparse nigro-

maculatis; margine laterali paullo deflexo, nitido.

Long. 2i—24 lin.

Hab.—- Nagasaki.

Antenne shorter than the thorax, slightly thickened

towards the apex, six outer joints piceous. Thorax trans-

verse, apex obtuse, sides rounded at the base, thence

obliquely rounded and converging, towards the apex

transversely converging in front; upper surface deeply

excavated on either side, impressed with rather large but

shallow punctures. Scutellum coarsely punctured, its

apex rounded. L[Elytra broader than the thorax, shoulders

rectangular, their apices rounded ; sides slightly rounded

and diverging before the middle, thence regularly rounded

to the apex, the latter very obtusely rounded; disk con-

vex, excavated on either side at the base near the scutel-

lum, deeply punctate-striate.

Cassida erudita.

Ovata, subdepressa, sordide viridana, subnitida, antennis

extrorsum corporeque inferiori nigris, tibiis tarsisque

sordide flavis; thorace fortiter punctato, postice rugoso,

angulis posticis subacutis; elytris fortiter, seriatim punc-

tatis, basi signatura piceé communi literam V simulanti

instructis. .

Long. 4 lin.

Hab.— Yokohama; collected by Mr. Pryer.

Antenne shorter than the thorax, slightly thickened

towards the apex, five outer joints black, clothed with ad-

pressed hairs. ‘Thorax nearly as broad as the elytra, its

apex obtusely angled, the hinder angles distinct, subacute;

sides slightly rounded and converging behind the middle,

transversely converging at the apex ; upper surface broadly

concave on either side, coarsely punctured, rugose towards

the base. Scutellum triangular, its apex acute. Elytra

lh Dd

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 213

scarcely broader than the thorax, shoulders rectangular,

anterior angles rounded; sides subparallel at the base,

rounded and obliquely converging behind the middle, the

apex broadly rounded; disk coarsely and deeply punc-

tured, the punctures arranged in longitudinal rows; inter-

spaces thickened, rugulose, each elytron near the suture

with an ill-defined longitudinal costa; outer margin coarsely

punctured ; at the base of each elytron is a curved piceous

vitta, which, commencing just within the humeral callus,

runs along the outer edge of the scutellum and extends for

a short distance down the suture, forming with its fellow

of the opposite elytron a common V-shaped marking.

Cassida vespertina, Boh.

Mon. Cass. Suppl. 357.

Hab.—Hiogo, Japan; also Northern China.

The single specimen sent to me by Mr. Lewis differs

from the type in being slightly larger, and in having the

thorax almost entirely castaneous; in all other respects it

agrees with the specimens from Northern China.

Cassida nebulosa, Lin.

Boh. Mon. Cass. ii. 451.

Hab.—Nagasaki, Kawachi, Japan; also Northern Asia,

the whole of Europe, and Madeira.

Cassida consociata.

Late ovata, modice convexa, rufo-fusca, antennis ex-

trorsum, metathorace, abdomine pedibusque nigris; thorace

elytris zquilato, lateribus basi obtuse angulatis, disco

rugoso-punctato ; elytris punctato-striatis, hic illic leviter

costatis ; margine laterali complanato, transversim ru-

guloso.

Long. 22 lin. .

Hab.—Nagasaki, Japan; also Oo Oo Bay, Coast of

Tartary (Mr. A. Adams).

Very close to C. ferruginea and agreeing in most of its

characters; it may be at once known by the broad thorax,

which is equal in width to the elytra; the sides are dis-

tinctly angled at the base, but in C. ferruginea they are

rounded. ‘The legs in the present species are black, the

214 Mr. Joseph 8. Baly on the

whole body is also less convex, the highest part of the

convexity being behind the middle; in the older insect

the convexity is a short distance below the base of the

elytra; the cost on the surface of the latter are less

raised.

Genus CorrocycLia, Boh.

Mon. Cass. ii. 90.

Coptocycla Thais, Boh.

Mon. Cassid. Suppl. p. 463.

Var. A. Macula elytri marginis obsoleta.

Hab.—Japan ; also Northern China.

The specimen in my collection from which Suffrian

drew up his description of this species was unfortunately

pale and immature; the sanguineous markings described

by that author are black-or piceous in the fully-developed

insect.

Coptocycla Lewisiz.

Subrotundata, convexa, fulva, subnitida, antennis extror-

sum infuscatis; subtus picea, nitida, pedibus fulvis, elytris

pone basin leviter gibbosis, utrisque basi ad suturam ex-

cavatis, profunde punctato-striatis, hic illic rete elevato

instructis; disco fulvo-piceo, piceo-marginato; margine

laterali levi, ramulis duabus piceis, uno infra basin, altero

pone medium positis, ornato.

Long. 3 lin.

Hab.—Hiogo.

_ Thorax twice as broad as long, apex obtusely angled,

sides rounded at the base, thence obliquely and transversely

converging to the apex; disk smooth, impuuctate. LElytra

much broader than the thorax, shoulders moderately promi-

nent, their apices rounded ; disk distinctly gibbous below

the base, the base itself excavated on either side the suture,

gibbosity crowned by a transverse ridge; surface deeply

punctate-striate, the stris suleate, interspaces on the inner

disk towards the apex thickened ; here and there are some

irregular, loosely-reticulated, raised, fulvous rugze, most

visible at the base and towards the apex of the disk ;

dilated margin shghtly deflexed, smooth, impunctate.

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 215

Fam. HISPIDZE.

Genus Hispa, Lin.

Syst. Nat. i. 603.

Hispa merens.

Elongata, modice convexa, nigra, nitida; antennis ro-

bustis, subfiliformibus, articulo basali spina valida armato ;

thorace longitudine vix latiori, apice subcylindrico, utrin-

que spina valida bifurcata armato, margine laterali spinis

duabus validis, primé bifurcata,+instructo ; disco rude

rugoso, ante basin transversim excavato ; elytris profunde

punctato-striatis, tuberculis nonnullis instructis, margine

laterali spinis robustis brevibus armato.

Long. 2 lin.

Hab.— Nagasaki ; also China (Shanghai).

Vertex smooth, separated from the face by a transverse

groove; face rugose ; antennz robust, subfiliform, not half

the length of the body, basal joint thickened, compressed.

above, armed with a long stout spine. ‘Thorax scarcely

broader than long, apex subcylindrical, armed on either

side with a suberect, stout, bifid spine; side margin armed

with two stout spines, the first bifid; disk flattened, with

a broad transverse excavation at the base, faintly grooved

down the middle, slightly excavated on either side, coarsely

rugose, sparingly clothed with white hairs. Elytra broader

than the thorax, parallel, deeply punctate-striate ; on the

disk of each elytron are a few obtuse tubercles arranged in

three longitudinal rows ; humeral callus raised, its upper

edge furnished with a row of obtuse tubercles; lateral

border armed with a single row of short obtuse spines.

Legs robust, four hinder thighs armed beneath with short

obtuse teeth, those on the hinder pair nearly obsolete.

Claws with the unguiculi soldered into a single piece.

flispa Japonica.

Anguste oblonga, nigro-picea, nitida, antennis pedibus-

que fulvis; thorace transverso, lateri utroque spinis tribus

fulvis, basi convexis armato; apice subcylindrico, utrinque

spina bifida fulva armato; disco rugoso-punctato, pilis ad-

pressis sparse vestito, piceo-fulvo, plagis duabus magnis,

apice confluentibus, nigro-piceis ornato ; elytris oblongis,

nigro-maculatis, profunde foveolato-punctatis, punctis stri-

216 Mr. Joseph S. Baly on the

atim dispositis, tuberculis magnis nigris acutis nonnullis

instructis; humeris valde cristatis, margine serratis; mar-

gine laterali paullo dilatato, spinis acutis numerosis armato,

margine apicali serrato.

Long. 13—1 3 lin.

Hab.— Hiogo, Kawachi; also China.

Antenne filiform, more than two-thirds the length of

the body, obscure fulvous; carina compressed, strongly

raised, eyes large, prominent, front and face rugose, black, -

a narrow line running along the front, pale piceous.

Thorax nearly one-half broader than long, sides armed

with three strong fulvous spines, connected at the base ;

spines acute, sometimes armed near the apex with a short

tooth; disk flattened, transversely sulcate at the base,

rugose-punctate, clothed with silvery adpressed hairs ;

apex cylindrical, armed on either side with an erect bifid

fulvous spine, the apices often toothed. Scutellum piceous,

triangular, its apex truncate. Elytra piceo-fulvous, macu-

lated with nigro-piceous, oblong, broader than the thorax,

strongly and deeply foveolate-striate, the alternate inter-

spaces subcostate; disk of each elytron furnished with

eleven or twelve large, compressed, acute, black tuberosities,

those near the apex larger and more strongly elevated than

the others ; humeral callus strongly elevated into a flattened

ridge, its upper edge serrate; lateral border narrowly mar-

gined, the outer edge armed with a single row of acute

spines, apical margin serrate.

This species is very variable in colouring.

fHispa subquadrata.

Oblongo-quadrata, nigro-picea, hic illic piceo-maculata,

pedibus antennisque fulvis, his extrorsum fuscis; thorace

transverso, rugoso, apice spinis bifidis duabus, lateri utro-

que spinis tribus armato; elytris subquadratis, apice

truncatis, margine dilatato, humeris margineque _ basali

spinis numerosis brevibus acutis armatis; dorso sub-

depressis, profunde punctatis, rugosis, tuberculis acutis

magnis nonnullis instructis.

Long. 24 lin.

Hlab.— Nagasaki, Hiogo.

Head rugose; antenne filiform, six lower joints ful-

vous, the rest fuscous. Thorax transverse, disk flat-

tened, coarsely rugose-punctate, and with five irregular,

Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan. 217

raised, granulose patches placed in a transverse row across

its surface; apex subcylindrical, armed on either side

with a stout, compressed, bifid spine; lateral margin

moderately dilated, armed with three stout flattened

spines. LElytra much broader than the thorax, flattened

above, closely covered with large, deeply-impressed fovez,

arranged in longitudinal rows, their interspaces rugose-

strigose; humeral callus elevated, its upper edge, together

with the basal margin, each furnished with a row of short

acute teeth ; disk of each elytron with about ten large, lon-

gitudinally-compressed, acute tuberosities, which strongly

resemble those on the elytra of many species of Chlamys ;

lateral border moderately dilated, more distinctly so at the

base, its surface rugose, its outer edge coarsely serrate ;

apical border dilated, truncate, its outer edge also serrate.

Nore.—Since the publication of the former part of this Paper (Trans.

Ent. Soc. 1878, p. 96), I find that Haldeman has described a North

American Cryptocephalus under the name of amatus. I therefore wish

to substitute consalanus as a specific name for my species.

aa ceed "

Per

VII. Supplement to the Longicorn Coleoptera ef Chon-

tales, Nicaragua. By H. W. Bares.

[Read 1st December, 1873.]

Mr. Tuomas BET having finally left Nicaragua, after a

residence of four years and a half, and brought with him

the remainder of his collection, including many species

which he had not previously sent home, I have now to

communicate the descriptions of a number of Longicorn

Coleoptera, not enumerated in the former paper published

in the Transactions for 1872, p. 163. The additional

species amount to 37, which bring up the total number

to 309.

Fam. PRIONID A.

Macrodontia Dejeanii, Gory, Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1839,

Pe L2iacts 9.

This species has hitherto only been known as inhabiting

“Columbia.” Mr. Belt has brought from Chontales —

several examples.

Fam. CERAMBYCIDZ.

Section A. Eyes coarsely facetted.

Hypermallus dedaleus,n. sp. Subcylindricus, castaneo-

fuscus, pilis incumbentibus ochraceo-griseis vestitus, strigis-

que elytrorum tomentosis e} usdem coloris fasciatim digestis;

capite thoraceque angustioribus et obscurioribus erosse

reticulato-punctatis, hoc medio plagd angustaé leevissima.

Long. 6 lin. ¢.

One example.

Similar in form and in the thimble-like sculpture of the

thorax to Hyperm. elegans, Chevr., but elytra unarmed at

the apex. Resembles also the Zrichophori rather than

the typical Hypermalli ; but the antennz and tibiz desti-

tute of grooves. Head and thorax blackish, with scant,

laid hairs; the latter nearly cylindrical, with a few spots

TRANS. ENT. soc. 1874.—PART ll. (APR.)

220 Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the

of ochreous tomentum on each side of the disk. Scutellum

ochreous-tomentose. Elytra simply truncated at the apex;

coarsely punctured near the base, finely so towards the

apex, each puncture with a decumbent hair, and each

elytron marked with two very oblique and irregular streaks

of ashy-ochreous tomentum. Antenne and legs rufo-fus-

cous, the former with 3—7 joints unispinose, 4th joint

abbreviated.

Eburodacrys sticticollis,n. sp. EE. sexmaculato paulo

robustior, pilis erectis elongatis sparsim vestita; fulvo-

ochracea, nitida, elytris utrimque lineola basali, alteris

duabus postmedianis (exteriori postice prolongata) ebur-

neis, omnibus nigro-marginatis, strigaque nigra colligatis ;

thorace supra maculis quinque nigris; abdomine nigro-

piceo; femoribus apice spinisque nigris. Long. 10 lin. ¢.

One example.

Nearest resembling /. longipilis, but much more robust.

The thorax is coarsely rugose transversely, with a central

and two side spots on the disk black, all situated on tuber-

cular elevations ; the strong lateral spines are also black,

and there is a black streak extending along the flanks from

them, besides another spot near each coxa, where the pro-

sternum has a remarkable transverse cavity. The antennz

are tawny-reddish, with moderate ciliation beneath. Scu-

tellum black. Elytra closely and finely punctured, smooth

towards the apex ; truncated, with the sutural angle pointed

and the exterior angle produced into a long spine, spines

tawny-ochreous; the basal spot is single, narrow and

elongated, connected with the median spots by a black

streak; of the two median spots the outer is much pro-

longed at the tip, both are narrow and pointed at their

extremities.

Nephalius nigriventris, n. sp. Gracilis, testaceo-rufus,

nitidus, pilis erectis elongatis sparsim vestitus; antennis

(scapo rufo excepto), metathoracis episternis, abdomine,

tibuis et tarsis nigris; femoribus gradatim clavatis, apice

breviter bidentatis; thorace oblongo, postice constricto,

supra inequali, levi, lateribus vix tumido, sparsim punc-

tato; elytris sinuato-truncatis, extus longe spinosis, supra

dense breviter erecte pubescentibus. Long. 6 lin. ¢, 2.

One example (2) in Mr. Belt’s coll. Another (2)

from Mexico, in my own.

Shining ochreous-red ; the abdomen, sides of metaster-

Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 221

num, antenne (except the scape), tibiae and tarsi black.

The antenne (except the shining scape) are densely pubes-

cent and the grooves and ridges are faint or scarcely

visible; the third to seventh joints are unispinose at the

apex in both sexes. The thorax is rather tumid on the

sides and much constricted towards the base; the disk is

unequal, but scarcely tuberculated, smooth and shining,

having only a few scattered punctures ; the flanks are more

densely punctured. The elytra are moderately punctured

and clothed with short, tawny, erect pile; besides a number

of very long erect hairs.

I have no doubt the genus Stizocera, Serv., is equivalent

to Nephalius as defined by Lacordaire ; but until Serville’s

type (St. armata) is re-discovered, it will be unwise to

restore his name.

Alcyopis chalcea, n. sp. Nigra, capite thoraceque

nitidis, elytris eeneis splendidis, pedibus flavo-testaceis,

geniculis nigris. Long. 10 lin,

One example.

This fine Longicorn differs from the only other known

species, 4A. cyanoptera (Brazil), by its black head and

thorax, and glossy, dark, brassy-green elytra. The scape of

the antennez is rather strongly clavate, brassy-black and

shining. The eyes differ from those of A. cyanoptera in

the upper lobe being very short and rather broad, without

any approach to separation from the lower lobe. The

antenniferous tubercles are elevated and pointed. The

thorax is elongated, narrowed in front, smooth and glossy,

with five very prominent wart-like tubercles on the disk.

The elytra are very briefly truncated, with obtuse sutural

angle and a long acute spine to the exterior angle; the

surface is very minutely and sparsely punctulated, and

marked besides with three rows of much larger punctures,

each bearing a stiff bristle; on each side near the apex is

the commencement of a fourth row. The legs are long

and robust; the thighs thickly clavate.

Heterachthes obtusus, n. sp. Robustus, dense erecte

pubescens, castaneo-fuscus, -subnitidus, elytris (apice con-

junctim rotundatis) maculis utrimque tribus magnis fulvo-

testaceis, 2nda fasciam obliquam formanti; thorace cylin-

drico, sparsim grosse punctato, fulvo incumbenti-pubes-

centi, linea brevi dorsali levi. Long. 7} lin. ¢.

One example.

222 Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the

Of peculiar facies owing to its rather broad and slightly

convex elytra, obtusely rounded at the apex; it is how-

ever a true Heterachthes, according to Lacordaire’s defini-

tion and allied to H. signaticollis (Thoms.) The head

(with the eyes) is scarcely broader than the thorax,

coarsely confluent-punctate behind, with moderately raised

antenniferous tubercles. Antenne (2?) shorter than the

body, fulvous, sparingly setose ; not thickened or carinated,

fourth joint much shorter than the third, a little shorter ~

than the fifth. Thorax cylindrical, with an obtuse tubercle

on each side of ‘the smooth, raised median space. Elytra

much wider than the thorax, rather convex, and a little

rotundate-dilated beyond the middle, apex obtusely

rounded ; densely setose; above punctulated; the ground

colour is chestnut-brown, varied with large pale-tawny

spots, the first lateral at one-third the length and emitting

a streak to the humeral callus, the second beyond the

middle forming a rather oblique subdentate fascia, the

third rounded at the apex. Body beneath and legs

reddish-chestnut. Legs rather short; femora clavate;

tibie without grooves. Prosternum extremely “narrow

between the cox.

Section B. “Eyes finely facetted.

Odontocera clara, Bates, Annals Nat. Hist. vol. xi. 1873,

p- 38.

Many examples.

Callichroma opiparum, n. sp. Magnum, infra splendidé

igneo- et viridi-aureum; supra, elytris: subtiliter velutinis

purpureo-cupreis, viridi paulo relucentibus; thorace ob-

scure cupreo, omnino longitudinaliter fortiter flexuose

ruguloso ; pedibus nigris; femoribus quatuor anticis medio,

posticis dimidio basali, sanguineis, tibiis posticis ut in

C. suturali compresso-dilatatis; antennis nigris. Long.

iane.-/-lin. 2 ;

One example ; in my own collection, obtained from a

box of Nicaraguan insects on sale in London.

Allied to C. velutinum and holochlorum, but differing

from all tropical American Callichrome known to me in

the peculiar sculpture of the occiput and thorax, which

are closely covered with short furrows, running in a longi-

tudinal direction, variously confluent and leaving very fine

ridges between them. The scutellum is similarly seulp-

tured, with a central impressed line. The elytra are

Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 223

clothed with a silky pile of extreme fineness, reflecting

dark coppery-purple or green hues, according to position.

The body beneath is glabrous, and of brilliant metallic

hues, golden-green and igneous-coppery.

CLEOZONA, nov. gen.

Subfam. Ttllomorphine pertinet, generis Euderces et

Tillomorpha affinis. Corpus elongatum, opacum, pube

incumbenti vestitum. Caput retractum, antice breve,

latum; inter antennas vix concavum ; tuberibus antenni-

feris vix elevatis sed acutis. Oculi divisi; lobis parvis,

rotundatis. Palpi brevissimi, apice truncati. Antenne

corpore paulo longiores (4 ¢ ?), filiformes; articulis 3—5

suleatis, apice unispinosis, 3i0 quam 4to duplo longiori,

5to—11mo subequalibus. Thorax elongato cylindrico-

ovato, inermi, disco antico convexo, ad basin angustato.

Elytra thorace haud latiora, capite cum thorace paulo

longiora, ad basin vix convexa deinde usque ad apicem

subplana declivia, apice truncato. Pedes elongati; femora

eradatim fortiter clavata; tibiz: omnes utrimque carinate,

postice undique ciliate; tarsi breves; coxze antics haud

exserte; prosternum latiusculum; acetabula intermedia

clausa.

Cleozona pulchra, n. sp. Nigra, pube cinerea dense

vestita; elytris utrimque plaga mediana, magna, intus cur-

vata, subnuda, nigra, fasciaque in medio fulva transversim

flavo-bistriata. Long. 7 lin.

Many examples.

In general form this elegant insect resembles Kuderces

and other genera of the sub-family Tillomorphine, from

all of which it is distinguished by its slender, grooved and

spined antenn, and carinated tibize. The ground colour

is black, but is veiled by a dense silvery-gray pubescence ;

and on each elytron there is a large naked black patch,

the immer margin of which is curved and does not reach

the suture; on this patch the thick punctuation of the

integument is visible, and the middle is crossed by an

ornamental belt of an orange or tawny-brownish colour,

near the anterior and posterior margins of which runs a

fine transverse yellow line. ‘The basal margin is also

black, so that the silvery-gray pile is limited im reality to

two large triangular patches, one basal and the other

224 “Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the

apical. Across the top of the convex part of the thorax

is a patch of erect black hairs. The basal part of the

middle and hind thighs is blood-red.

Rhopalophora cupricollis, Guérin, Icon. Régne An.

p- 235,

This Mexican species has been found by Mr. Belt.

Rhopalophora Venezuelensis, Chevrolat, Thomson’s

Arcana Nature, p. 60.

One example, smaller and more slender than examples

from Caraccas, with which I have compared it.

Entomosterna trucidata, Chevr. Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr. 1862,

p- 759.

One example, apparently ¢. The species was pre-

viously known only from Yucatan.

Fam. LAMIAD 2.

Hammoderus nitidus, n. sp. Supra, ut in H. Lacor-

dairet nitidus, seneo-fuscus; elytris maculis minutis

ochraceo-tomentosis irroratis, alteris magnis utrimque

quatuor, scilicet prima hand procul a basi, obliqua versus

suturam, secunda et tertia lateralibus ante et post medium,

quartaéque minori prope apicem ; elytris apice prope sutu-

ram unispinosis ; capite et thorace sparsim fulvo-pubescen-

tibus, hoe disco flexuose rugoso; antennis, pedibus et cor-

pore subtus dense fulvo-fusco vestitis, pectore abdomine-

que maculis parvis seriatis ochraceis. Long. 1 une. 1 lin.—

lune. 3 lin. 2.

Two examples, ¢.

Differs from-most other species of the genus by the

naked shining integument (especially of the elytra), where

not covered with tomentose spots. It is further distin-

guished from #. elatus and others by the absence of pale

tomentose spots at the base of each elytron. The elytra

are thickly irrorated throughout with tawny-ochraceous

specks, and the large patches are four in number; one

(liable to abrasion) being behind the scutellum, oblique

and not reaching the suture, another small one close to the

apex, and the other two are large, quadrate, lateral patches.

The elytra are dense, granulate-punctate at the base, the

punctuation gradually becoming finer and disappearing

- Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 225

before the apex; the apical. spines are rather long as in

H. elatus, a short distance from the suture.*

Tautoclines scissicauda, n. sp. Cylindrica, robusta

obscure fusca, ochraceo-fusco tomentosa; capite thorace-

que (antice haud attenuato) grosse punctatis; elytris

striato-punctatis, apice plag& densius tomentosa et albo-

guttulata, apice ipso obtuse rotundato, juxta suturam con-

junctim fortiter emarginato; antennis apice incrassatis ;

articulo tertio valde elongato. Long. 6 lin.

One example.

_ This species partakes of the distinctive characters (as

given by Thomson and Lacordaire) of all the three genera

into which the genus Agennopsis (= Adetus, Leconte) has

been divided; having the prosternum of Agennopsis, the

plane mesosternum of TYautoclines and the apically

thickened antenne of Pterichthya. It has upon the

whole more affinity with Tautoclines, excepting that the

body is of nearly equal width throughout, without tapering

in front and behind. The colour of the fine laid pubes-

cence is a lightish brown, with a round apical patch of

lighter colour and denser texture on the elytra.

Desmiphora fasciculata, Fab. Ent. Syst. 1. 284 = D. gi-

gantea, Thomson, Class. des Céramb. p. 75.

Does not differ from Amazons specimens. The species

has therefore a wide distribution, but it appears rare

everywhere. Mr. Belt states that its hairy clothing gives

it a deceptive resemblance to a hairy caterpillar, and that

it is found on foliage, like caterpillars, and unlike the

other Desmiphore, which are seen on dead branches.

_ # A very closely allied species, with shining elytra, was brought by Mr.

Buckley from the Macas district in Ecuador, differing from H. nitidus in

having an ochreous patch in the middle of the base of each elytron, and

‘the tomentose specks being larger, less numerous and round:—

Hammoderus sticticus, n. sp. Fuscus, ochraceo-fusco subtiliter pubes-

cens ; elytris castaneo-fuscis subnitidis, interrupte subtiliter pubescentibus,

guttis paucis rotundatis ochraceo-tomentosis conspersis, maculisque majori-

bus utrimque quatuor, prima basali, secunda ante medium laterali, tertia et

quarté discoidalibus prope apicem, apice dentatis hand spinosis ; thorace

medio nudo, nigro, rngoso ; basi utrimque lineola ochracea ; corpore subtus

maculis lateralibus ochraceis vix conspicuis; antennis g¢ gracilibus, cor-

pore fere triplo longioribus, Long. 12 lin. ¢.

Macas ; Ecuador (Buckley).

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874,—PART I. (APR.) Q

226 Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the

Desmiphora canescens, n. sp. Parva, cinereo-albo dense

pubescens, thoracis disco postico, humeris lineolisque

laterali-posticis elytrorum fuscis, pilis longissimis passim

vestita; thoracis disco fusco elytris postice albo-fascicu-

latis ; antennis robustis dense longissime pilosis. Long.

33 lin. :

One example.

Differs from almost all other species by the absence of

crest of hairs from the base of the elytra. There is a

small pencil of dark hairs in the usual situation on the

front margin of the thorax, and another on each side of

the disk; on the posterior declivity of the elytra there are

also pencils of whitish hairs arranged almost in a semi-

circle round a series of short parallel brown lines. <A

triangular patch of dark brown covers each shoulder of the

elytra, and two large dark brown stripes lie on the posterior

part of the surface of the thorax. There is no trace of

raised lines on the elytra, and the punctuation is irregular.

The only species to which it is closely allied is one from

Jamaica.”

Estola vittulata, nu. sp. Postice attenuata, setosa;

sordide ochraceo-fusca, elytris vitt& communi postice an-

gustata nigro-fusca ; antennis articulis tertio, quarti dimi-

dio, octavo et decimo carneo-testaceis. Long. 34 lin.

In Mr. Belt’s and my own collection.

Less convex than other species, with the elytra slightly

and straightly tapering behind. Clothed with short stiff

dusky bristles. Dingy light-brown, the elytra with a

common blackish stripe, very broad at the base and

rapidly narrowmg behind, terminating before the apex ;

the apex itself singly rounded or very obtusely and obli-

quely truncated. Antenne dusky, with the third, eighth

and tenth, and the basal halves of the fourth, ninth and

eleventh, pale fleshy-testaceous. Thorax coarsely and

thickly punctured. Elytra punctured, chiefly in rows.

Lrestonia assulina, n. sp. Minus elongata, robusta;

fusca, ochraceo-fusco tomentosa; fronte flava, maculA

* Desmiphora pallida, nu. sp. Pallide fusco-cinerea, pilis brevibus

paucis vestita, antennis et tibiis rufescentibus; capitis yertice, thoracisque

margine antico fusco-penicillatis ; elytris humeris fuscis, postice cristis

duabus transyersis cinereo-penicillatis ; sparsim punctatis. Long. 8—32 lin.

Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 227

medial transversa fusca, vertice fusco; tuberibus antenni-

feris distantibus, acutis ; thorace cylindrico ; elytris oblon-

gis, macula utrimque post medium fusco-velutina, curvata,

antice integra plaga cinereé marginata, postice dentata;

spatio apicali fusco, vix strigoso, maculé intra-apieali

cinerea; abdomine medio atro-fusco, fulvo-maculato.

Long. 63—7} lin.

Chontales, Mr. Belt; also Brazil? (coll. H. W. Bates).

Resembles Trestonia capreola; but elytra shorter and

broader, antenne unicolorous brown, &c. The dark,

velvety crescent-shaped spot of the elytra is in the same

position, far from the apex, and forms a smooth curve on

its anterior margin, with two indentations in its posterior

margin. The apical part is rather more tawny or ruddy

i colour than the rest of the body and the cinereous spot

is very oblique. The: shoulders are subfalcate as in Tr.

capreola. It agrees with none of the numerous species

described by M. Buquet.

Hoplistocerus gemmatus, n. sp. Ovatus, viridi-sneus,

cinereo-tomentosus, elytris (postice rotundato-dilatatis)

passim maculis elevatis nitidis viridi-eneis conspersis,

spatiis depressis dense tomentosis ; antennis nigris, scapo

nitido, elongato-pyriformi, articulis 3—4 basi griseis, 2—

4 intus apice valde spimosis. Long. 43 lin. ¢.

One example.

Differs in shape from other species of the genus, ap-

proaching Cyclopeplus; but only moderately convex.

Antennz as in the typical species, second, third and fourth

joints strongly spined, and eleventh slender, claw-shaped ;

the scape, however, is more slender at the base than im

H. gloriosus. Beneath, the body and coxve are dark,

glossy, brassy-green, with the sides coarsely clothed with

laid ash-coloured hairs; the legs are black and similarly

pubescent. The upper surface is coarsely tomentose ;

the head scantily so, with green ground colour ; the thorax

very short and transverse, unarmed, and with five naked,

glossy, slightly raised spots on the disk. The elytra are

gradually dilated from the base ; their surface more densely

tomentose, but only in the depressions; the raised parts

consisting ‘of a multitude of raised tubercles very irregular

in size and shape and marked with large punctures; all

glossy, dark metallic-green. :

228 Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the

Acanthoderes bivitta, White, Cat. Long. Brit. Mus.

p- 354 ( Steirastoma).

A widely-distributed species, Amazons; Cayenne; Nica-

ragua.

Acrocinus longimanus, L.

Oreodera obsoleta, n. sp. O. costaricensi similis.

Modice elongata, paulo convexa, sordide fulvo-fusca ;

thorace disco tuberculis concoloribus duabus, lateribus

obtuse tuberosis; elytris crist& basali parva penicillata,

apice breviter truncatis, supra sparsim punctatis postice

lineolis indistincte fulguratis, griseis, sericeo-fusco margi-

natis; antennis articulis basi griseis; tibiis griseo-annu-

latis.

Two examples.

Very similar in shape to O. costaricensis ; having also a

similar thorax and small, penicillated basal crests on the

elytra; but the general colour quite different, being, in-

stead of grayish-olive, tawny or ruddy-brown. The elytra,

too, have no trace of brown, silky fascive, but are marked

with fine streaks of lighter and darker hue, generally

longitudinal and somewhat zig-zag in direction. The

thorax is sparingly but strongly punctured throughout.

Oreodera semialba, n. sp. Latior, oblonga, depressa ;

atro-fusca, elytris plag& magn&é communi lateraliter sinu- -

ata, cinereo-alba; thorace lato, transverso, disco tuber-

culis tribus elevatis nitidis, lateribus tubere magno; elytris

basi latis quadratis, postice attenuatis, apice subsinuatim

truncatis et extus acute spinosis, supra basi nitide sparsim

granulatis, deinde sparsissime punctatis. Long. 8 lin. 3.

One example.

A very distinct species, rather shorter but similar in

form to O. glauca. (General colour very dark brown,

clothed with fine, smooth grayish-brown pile. The thorax

has on the disk three prominent, shining tubercles, arranged

m the usual triangular position; the anterior and posterior

borders have a row of large punctures, but the disk is very

sparingly punctured ; the large, conical, side tubercles haye

a sharp ring-groove round their base as in ‘Acrocinus

longimanus. The large grayish chalky-white patch of

the elytra is a modification of the usual gray patch in

other species, but it is not continued along the posterior

tare

Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 229

third as in most cases, the apical portion being indicated

in outline; but of a brown colour; it does not reach the

base, or sides, and is emarginated laterally, about the

middle, by a broad lobe of the dark-brown marginal

colour. The apex of the elytra is truncated, with the

sutural angle acute and slightly produced, the exterior

angle prolonged into a sharp spine. The long, clavate

femora have a fuleurated gray mark.

Lagocheirus obsoletus, Thoms. Class. des Céramb. p. 9.

Agrees with Mexican specimens, which I believe are

correctly referable to this species.

Leptostylus paltiatus, n. sp. Oblongus, fuscus, capite

thoraceque ochraceo-cinereis, elytris albo-cinereis, macula

apicali magna atro-fuscé antice undata, setisque cinereis

seriatim ordinatis. Long. 5 lin.

One example.

Similar in shape, degree of convexity and colour to

LI. transversus (Gyll.), but the surface smooth and not

tuberculated, and the dark apical patch of the elytra

having its anterior margin sharply undulated. The head

and thorax are very smoothly and thickly clothed with

laid ochreous-ashy pile, so that scarcely any punctuation

is visible and no tubercular elevations, the lateral tubercles

being obtuse and the base slightly depressed and con-

stricted. The elytra are gradually declivous and narrowed

towards the apex, which is narrow and obliquely and

sharply truncated; the surface is smooth and furnished

with rows of short, stiff whitish bristles springing from

raised lines; two-thirds of the surface is whitish-ashy,

and this colour is sharply separated from the dark apex by

a line of whiter colour, a narrow stripe of brown extending

on each side from the shoulder but scarcely protruding on

the white dorsal surface. The antenne are brown and

speckled ; the apical joints ringed with ashy.

Leptostylus hispidulus, n. sp. Ovatus, convexus, pos-

tice obtusus; fuscus, vix cinereo- et fulvo-nebulosus; tho-

race subquadrato, multituberculato, tuberculis lateralibus

haud productis; elytris fasciculis acuminatis setarum seri-

atim ordinatis, apice breviter obtuse truncatis, ante apicem

fascid curvata atro-fusca. Long. 43—6 ln.

Two examples.

230 Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the —

More ovate and convex in form, like L. triangulifer ;

general colour and facies of L. aculiferus, but much more

ovate. Dark rusty-brown, thorax varied with yellowish-

ashy ; antenne dark ashy, speckled, apices of jomts dark.

Disk of thorax with five large obtuse tubercles; lateral

tubercles scarcely prominent. Elytra ovate, rapidly de-

clivous and not tapering at the apex, the latter briefly and

obtusely truncated; the surface hispid with numerous

little fascicles of short bristles, springing from small

tubercles arranged down the raised lines of the elytra; the

base on each side obtusely elevated; before the apex, in

the usual situation, is a curved bar of dark brown, distinct

only in certain lights.

LL. cineraceus, n. sp. L. gibbuloso* similis, at differt

elytris basi haud gibbosis. Oblongo-ovatus, convexus,

olivaceo-cinereus, thorace albescenti; elytris apice subacute

rotundatis, haud truncatis, supra fasciculis fuscis setarum

seriatim digestis, macula laterali arcuata lineolAque utrim-

que obliqua discoidali pone medium, fuscis; thorace qua-

drato, disco 5-tuberculato, tuberculis lateralibus haud pro-

ductis; antennis piceo-testaccis, irroratis, articulis 5—11

basi cinereis. Long. 44 lin.

One example.

Similar in form to LZ. aculiferus, but more ovate, and

the dusky fascia of the elytra, instead of being transverse

and near the apex, is very oblique and placed a little after

the middle. The general colour and form are the same as

in L. gibbulosus of Venezuela, which differs in haying a

large basal hump on each elytron. The colour is ashy,

with an olive-green tint, but whiter on the thorax. The

elytra differ from most species in not being truncated, but

slightly tapering at the apex; their surface is hispid with

fascicles of dusky sets: arranged in rows; the aay curved

brown lateral spot is tolerably well marked.

Lepturges fragillimus, Bates, Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist.

L, sexvittatus, n. sp. Elongato-ellipticus, depressus,

ae Sa aS es od i Se he

* Leptostylus gibbulosus, n. sp. Oblongo-ovatus, olivaceo-cinereus ;

elytris apice singulatim rotundatis, basin versus utrimque gibbosis, supra

fasciculis setarum seriatim digestis, maculé parva laterali, lineolaque obli-

qua pone medium fuscis ; thorace quadrato, disco plurituberculato, tuber-

culis lateralibus obsoletis ; corpore subtus, pedibus antennisque cinereis

his articulis 4—11 apice fuscis. Long. 5 lin, ;

Hab.—Venezuela (Goering),

Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 231

fusco-piceus ; thorace trapeziformi, eriseo-tomentoso, vittis

latis dorsalibus duabus fusco-piceis, spina laterali prope

angulum posticum sité; elytris apice acutis, obliquissime

truncatis, griseis, vittis utrimque tribus fusco-piceis quarum

1™ et 2"* ante apicem conjunctis. Long. 22—3 lin. ¢.

$ Segmentum ultimum yentrale, apice emarginatum ;

dorsale obtusum.

The general colour is dull reddish, clothed with very

fine grayish pile. The thorax and elytra have the ground

colour grayish, with stripes of pitchy-reddish ; two on the

thorax and three on each elytron. The first elytral stripe

is near the suture and is narrowed in two places, but, after

junction with the second, reaches the apex; the third is

near the lateral margin, broader than the others and widens

in two places, inclosing there a narrow gray streak, as

though the stripe were made up of the junction of two.

The head, antenne and legs are uniform reddish.

LL. tigrellus, n. sp. Parvus, ovatus, depressus; flavo-

testaceus, tomento ochreo-griseo vestitus ; vittis medianis

duabus thoracis, guttisque elytrorum in seriebus duabus

digestis, fuscis; thorace transverso, spinis lateralibus validis

prope angulum sitis, basi abrupte angustato et supra de-

presso; elytris apice oblique sinuato-truncatis. Long. 1}

lin.

Closely allied to Z. musculus; similar in form and in

truncature of elytra; but thoracic spines longer and more

acute, and colour different. Pale testaceous, with sides

of body underneath and parts of the legs and antennze

inclining to dusky. The disk of the thorax has two broad

and short brown vitte close together. The elytra have

the suture and two lines of spots rusty-brown ; the sutural

line becoming macular towards the apex and the exterior

stripe of spots forming, here and there, larger, irregular

patches.

L. gratiosus, n. sp. L. amabili simillimus. Elon-

gatus, angustus, atro-fuscus, griseo late tomentosus ; tho-

race vittis duabus, elytris griseis, macula rotunda prope

scutellum, margine laterali ante medium in maculam dila-

tato et pone medium fasciam latam emittenti nigris ; an-

tennis fusco-rufis; thorace quadrato, lateribus rectis, spina

valida fere ad angulum posticum sité. Long. 3} lin. ¢.

$ Segmentum ultimum ventrale apice truncatum, leviter

emarginatum ; dorsale rotundatum.

232 Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the

Much resembles L. amabilis; differmg only in being

still more elongated, the sides of the thorax much straighter,

and the black spots of the elytra differently arranged.

These spots consist of a round one near the scutellum, a

sutural stripe ceasing long before the apex and much nar-

rowed near the scutellum, a broad fascia (dentated on its

margin) behind the middle, and two lateral spots, one

before the fascia (and separated from it) and the other

behind the fascia and nearly blended with it; a black

border extends from the humeral callus to the hindmost

spot, leaving the apex, like the rest of the ground colour,

clear gray. The apexitself is obliquely truncated, and the

elytra are tapering ; the surface has a very fine punctua-

tion. The thorax is unusually long, and the sides remark-

ably straight from the fore-margin to the spine, which is

situated very near to the hind angle.

Tetraopes umbonatus, Leconte, Journ. Ac. Phil. Ser. 2,

vol. ii. p. 157.

Agrees with Mexican examples.

Phea mirabilis, n. sp. Magna, cylindrica, nigra, infra

griseo-pubescens; capite, thorace et elytris supra rubro-

sanguineis; his apice late, thoracisque disco valde elevato,

nigris. Long. 7} lin.

One example.

The largest species yet described of this genus. Rather

densely clothed with erect hairs. Head red, sparingly

punctured. Antenne black; underneath ashy-pubescent.

Thorax as wide as the head, moderately grooved trans-

versely in front and behind; sides obtusely tuberculated

in the middle; disk forming a sharply-elevated quadrate

plate, deeply grooved all round, black, with a dense brush

_ of black hairs; the black colour extending to the base and

over the scutellum. LElytra as wide as the thorax, elon-

gate, parallel, above nearly plane, punctulated partly in

rows; blood red, with a spot on the humeral callus, and

the apical fourth black, the apical patch with a straight

transverse anterior margin.

Isomerida lineata, n. sp. J. albicolli paulo major et

robustior, dense incumbenti-pubescens, pilisque brevibus

erectis subdense vestitis; fusca, elytris vitta angust4 median

(apice haud attingenti) margineque laterali testaceo-rufis ;

Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 233

capite, thorace, femoribus, pro- et meso-sternis, testaceo-

rufis; abdomine segmentis 3—4 albo-pubescentibus ; an-

tennis ut in J. albicolli (¢) corpore brevioribus, nigris,

infra ciliatis; articulis basi testaceis, tertio quim quarto

triente longiori. Long. 6 lin. ¢.

Chontales.

Var. Capite et thoracisque disco atro-fuscis, 2. New

Granada. .

6? Antennis corpore longioribus; elytris haud rufo-

vittatis, suturaque pallida; thorace disco nigro-vittato.

Chontales.

The elytra are broadly and rather obtusely truncated at

the apex; the surface punctulated, chiefly in lines; the

sides (above the epipleurz) bicarinated. The thorax is

considerably narrowed in front, the sides tumid, almost

tuberculated, in the middle.

I have some doubt about the ¢ here described belonging

to the same species; as what I take to be the $ of the

slight New Granadan variety differs from it considerably.

But I have only seen one specimen of each sex of the

Chontales form.

Erana pusilla,n.sp. Nigra, griseo subtiliter pubescens,

et sparsim erecte pilosa; capite, thorace antice scutelloque

testaceo-fulvis; antennis filiformibus, pilosis, infra longe

sparsim ciliatis, testaceo-fulvis, scapo elongato et articulo

secundo nigris, ceteris apice fuscis; pedibus flavo-testaceis,

tibiis intermediis et posticis apice nigris, tarsis fusco-

maculatis; episternis albo-tomentosis; corpore supra, et:

metasterno suberosse haud dense punctatis. Long. 3 lin.

One example.

The same species occurs in Mexico, as a variety, differ-

ing only in the head being dusky and the thorax having a

large fulvous spot in the middle, instead of on the anterior

margin. Having only one example of each before me, it

cannot be decided whether this is a local form, or whether

(which is more probable) the colour is variable.

The genus Erana, according to the typical species,

E. cineticornis, has the head retractile and the scape long

and rather slender; it is, therefore wrongly defined by

Lacordaire, who places it in the group 4renicites, which

have the head exserted. Saperda triangularis, Germar,

must be removed from the genus.

Eumathes cuprascens,n.sp. Eu. undato paulo brevior

234 Mr. H. W. Bates’ Supplement to the

et convexior; fusco-cupreus, sericeo-nitens, subtilissime

pubescens et nigro-setosus ; capite et thorace grosse spar-

sim punctatis, hoc spiné laterali acuta; elytris lineatim

punctatis, apice obtuse rotundatis. Long. 5 lin. :

One example.

Agrees in all its generic characters with Eu. wndatus and

Amazonicus,even to the sharp keel of the mesosternum ;

but differs totally in facies, owing to its rather more con-

vex elytra and shining coppery-brown colour, without any

variegation. The short stiff black bristles are implanted

in regular rows on the elytra.

CYMATONYCHA, nov. gen.

Genus intermedium; subfamilus F'stoline, Gryllicine

et Hebestoline «qualiter affine. Forma corporis Gryl-

lice similis; sed unguibus tarsorum basi leviter dentatis,

tibiisque intermediis extus emarginatis. Caput retrac-

tile; inter antennas triangulariter concavum. Thorax

subovatus, inermis. Elytra ad humeros lata, deinde usque

ad apices attenuata. Antenne filiformes, ciliate, scapo

cylindrico, basi extus subito angustato. Acetabula inter-

media vix aperta. Mesosternum fortiter tuberculatum.

Pedes subelongati; femora gradatim clavata. Tarsi ro-

busti; ungues divaricati, prope basin intus breviter late

dentati. Tibize intermediz extus emarginate.

The plain-coloured insect forming this genus is interest-

ing as furnishing a connecting link between the three sub-

families mentioned above, and as probably indicating the

true point of transition from the Lamia to the Saperda

type. The rounded thorax and trigonal elytra, so much

wider at the base than the thorax, give it some general re-

semblance to the ¢estacea group of Leptura. ‘The thorax

might be described as subcylindrical, with the sides some-

what regularly and strongly rounded.

C. castanea,n.sp. Fusco-nigra; thorace fusco-castaneo,

elytris rufo-castancis; subtilissime griseo-pubescens ; capite

levi; thorace disperse fortiter punctato; elytris apice late

truncatis angulis externis dentatis, supra sparsim punctu-

latis subnitidis, nigro-setosis. Long. 52 lin,

One example, apparently ¢.

The affinity to the Gryllicine consists in the general

form, and strong concavity of the crown; but the inter-

mediate tibize in that group are entire. The broad but

Longicorn Coleoptera of Chontales. 235

distinct tooth near the base of the claws is a decided rudi-

ment of the broad projection which forms the “ appendicu-

lated” claw of the Gryllicine and many of the Saper-

dine. Qn re-examination I find some of the true Estole

have indications of a tooth at the base of the claw. There

can be no doubt therefore that the Hebestoline group,

which Lacordaire places at the end of the Saperda tribe,

have a real affinity (as their facies would lead us to sup-

pose) with the stoline. The connection with the

Saperde is therefore from Pogonocherus, Estola, and

allies, through Hebestoling and Calliane.

VIII. Note on Mynes Guerini, Wallace.

By W. H. Miskrn.

[Read 17th November, 1873.]

In “Notes on Eastern Butterflies,” contained in the

Transactions of the Entomological Society of London for

1869, p. 77, Mr. Wallace, treating on the genus Mynes

(Westwood), describes an insect in his collection (a female),

from this colony, and, considering it distinct from M. Geof-

Sroyt (Guérin), makes it a new species under the above

name.

Having been so fortunate as to secure a tolerably perfect

series of this very rare insect, I propose to offer a descrip-

tion of my specimens, comprising individuals of both sexes,

and also a few remarks based upon my observations of

these and examination of several specimens in some other

collections.

The result of my investigations is to raise a doubt in

my mind as to the correctness of Mr. Wallace’s conclusion,

that our species is distinct from JM. Geoffroy?.

It will be observed that very considerable variation

exists in the individuals I describe, both in dimensions

and markings, and I have noticed the same inconstancy

prevailing in other specimens that I have examined beside

my own. This is more particularly noticeable in the female,

the males as a rule being tolerably consistent in their ap-

pearance, except in the case of the decided variety I have

described, and which, singularly enough, appears to be

almost identical with the specimen from Dorey described

by Mr. Wallace; this fact of itself should, I imagine, be

alone sufficient to establish the identity of our species with

M. Geoffroyi. Other points of difference upon which

Mr. Wallace distinguishes his species are not sufficiently

important, I respectfully suggest, to justify the separation

of these insects into distinct species, especially taking into

consideration the peculiarly variable disposition I have

shown to exist in the species.

TRANS. ENT. soc. 1874.—PART I. (APR.)

238 Mr. W. H. Miskin’s (Vote on

A. Male.—<Anterior wings with broad margin of deep

black on outer side, widest at top, where it extends about

one-third along the costa, but decreasing in width towards

the hinder margin, where it is less than one-fourth the width

of the wing ; the whole of the rest of the wing is one uniform

shade of greenish-white; the inner edge of the black margin

is sharply and clearly defined; at the apical angle and

within the black margin are a series of three irregularly-

shaped and different-sized white spots describing an arc.

Posterior wings.—Ground colour same as front wings,

with a tolerably wide outer margin extending to the anal

angle; this margin for about one-third of the way down is

deep black, the remainder of a slaty-green colour.

Under side.—Both wings dark brown, nearly black, the

front wings alone have a wide inner margin of white; the

apical spots of the upper side are here replaced by a curved

band of deep yellow, there is also a small patch of white

about half-way along the costa; midway along the outer

margin, but not quite touching the edge, is a spot of

ochreous-red.

At the base of the posterior wing, and extending about

one-third of the way along the front border, is a band of

ochreous-red ; while also, starting from the base, but border-

ing the anal margin, and turning a little way into the

wing (where it is gradually lost) before reaching the anal

angle, is a band of bright yellow; the outer border is

marked by a line of white continuing round to the anal

angle; within this is a marginal band of black, and between

the two is another narrow whitish band; this latter is inter-

rupted in the tailed portion of the wing by a band of dusky

yellow ; the tail is bordered by a row of lunule-shaped

black patches; breast bright yellow.

Expanse of wings 2,3, inches.

Hab.—Rockhampton.

B. Female.—Anterior wings with nearly two-thirds of

the outer portion black, rest of wing cloudy white; inner

edge of black is not sharply defined as in the ¢.

Posterior wings.—The outer black margin extending a

considerable distance along the front border, and nearly

round to the anal angle; this margin, for some distance

from its termination, does not touch the edge of the wing,

but is bordered on each side by dusky slaty green, amongst

which it loses itself before reaching the anal angle; the

eds ial

Mynes Guerini. 239

latter colour gets gradually lighter in the disc of the wing,

until, reaching the base, it is nearly white.

Under side.—Same as in the 4, excepting that the pos-

terior wing has a narrow band of dusky yellow running

parallel with but at some distance from the outer margin ;

this band is more or less defined, but is most distinct at

its commencement from the front margin, it continues

round until it meets the bright yellow band starting from

the base.

Expanse of wings 2,9, inches.

Hab.— Nerang Creek.

C. Female.—Upper side almost same as preceding, not

quite so much black on front wing ; the hind wing with

hardly any black margin, the dark green continuing from

the outer border some distance im, and then gradually

getting lighter towards the base. Under side same as

preceding.

Iixpanse of wings 241, inches.

Hab,—Brisbane (bred).

D. Male.—Variety.—Upper side presents the usual

appearance in this sex as described in first specimen,

having the deep black, sharply-defined, and narrow mar-

ginal band.

Under side.-—The posterior wings present exactly the

appearance described by Mr. Wallace in his variety of MW.

Geoffroy? from Dorey ; in addition the front wings are also

nearly wholly white, the only black part being the costal

margin and the apical portion containing the white, yel-

low, and red spots; nor is there much of the dark colour

left in the hind wings, excepting a band along the front

margin, the posterior portion beneath the white spot

(which nearly traverses the wing) being succeeded by

bands of ashy-yellow interlined with white; the base of

the wing is broadly suffused with rich yellow.

Expanse of wings 2} inches.

Hab.—Rockhampton.

This last specimen was taken in company with others

presenting the ordinary form, and is exactly similar to

another specimen I have seen from Mackay.

A very singular feature (one that I do not remember

ever having heard of as prevailing amongst any of the

Rhopolocera) exists in the economy of this insect, viz.,

the fact of the larvee (which are gregarious in their habits)

240 Mr. W. H. Miskin’s Note on Mynes Guerini.

pursuing their social instincts, even to their assuming the

pupa state, the chrysalides bemg found suspended together

in a little group of three or four individuals united at the

tails. JI have never been so fortunate as to trace this

insect through its various stages myself, but a lamented

friend upon one occasion, some years ago, reared a brood

from the larve ; and a group of the pupa skins so united

still remain in a drawer of his cabinet, which has now,

however, passed into other hands.

Wyre

( 241)

IX. Note on “A Catalogue of the described Diurnal

Lepidoptera of Australia, by Mr. George Masters,

of the Sydney Museum.” By W. H. Miskin.

[Read 1st December, 1873.]

Tue following remarks are suggested by the appearance

of “ A Catalogue of the described Diurnal Lepidoptera of

Australia, by Mr. Geo. Masters, of the Sydney Museum.”

Mr. Masters, in his prefatory remarks, admits that his

Catalogue is chiefly compiled from Kirby’s Catalogue of

Diurnal Lepidoptera ; to me the Catalogue appears, with

one or two exceptions, simply an extract from that well-

known work, and is certainly far, very far, from being

what it purports to be, 7.e., a correct or complete list of

the described butterflies of Australia; to my mind it

displays an amount of ignorance of the subject upon which

the author treats that surprises me, considering the facili-

ties which I should imagine he possessed of obtaining

information on the matter, and which I should have sup-

posed he would have availed himself of before publishing

his Catalogue.

I take the liberty of offering some observations upon the

synonymy adopted in several cases where it appears to me

errors exist, and of also adding the names of many species

which are known to me as undoubtedly Australian, and of

some other reputed ones which are totally omitted by Mr.

Masters in his Catalogue; in doing so I have not scrupled

in some cases, and with all deference, to differ from the

opinions of other authorities besides Mr. Masters in the

synonymy of some of our species. I only regret that the

very limited opportunities of consulting authoritative works

on the subject prevent my bringing to bear a deeper and

more thorough knowledge of a matter in which I feel a

very great deal of interest.

The arrangement of the genera adopted by Mr. Masters

is a puzzle to me; I cannot understand upon what princi-

ple or rule he prefers in some cases names (restored by

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874,.—PART II. (APR.) R

242 Mr. W. H. Miskin’s Note on a

Mr. Kirby, amidst much opposition, in place of familiar,

well-established ones) such as Hurema, Hypolimnas,

Cupido, &c., while in other cases, disregarding Kirby’s

stern law of priority, he abandons Catopsilia for Cal-

lidryas, and altogether ignores such genera as T'achyris,

Delias, Hypocysta, &c. In several cases I think Mr.

Masters might, with advantage, have added the synonyms

of many of his genera.

In the arrangement of the families, I am with Mr.

Masters for adhering to the old system of commencing

with the Papilionide, and also concur in his view of the

distinction of the genus Ornithoptera. With regard to

the species of the last-named genus, our three best known,

viz., Pronomus, Cassandra, and Richmondia, are, as he

says, quite sufficiently distinguished by constancy, both of

markings and locality, to entitle them to be considered

separate species.

In the genus Papilio, Mr. Masters omits a well-authen-

ticated Cape York species, viz. :—

LEgistus (Lin.).—This insect I have in my own collec-

tion from that locality, and know of several other speci-

mens from the same place.

I have also to add—

Ormenus (Guér.).—Two specimens I know to have

been taken at Cape York, one of which is in my own

collection.

Lrectheus.—Donovan described the $ under this name

and the 2 as yeus. Kirby gives precedence to the

latter name, probably according to the order in Donovan’s

work; the former is, however, the name most generally

adopted.

Erithonius (Cram.).—Our insect described under the —

name of Sthenelus by Macleay is constant in the distin-

guishing peculiarity pointed out by that gentleman as

Separating it from the Indian form, which it closely

resembles, viz., in the large discoidal spot on the anterior

wing never being divided ; it is therefore, I think, entitled

to be considered a variety of this species.

Ilioneus (Don. ).— This name must be abandoned, having

been adopted for a N. American insect (Smith & Abbott,

Lep. Ins. Georgia, i. t. 2, 1797), and Felder’s name,

Amphiaraus, substituted.

Lycaon (Westw.) is undoubtedly but a variety of

Eurypylus (Lin.); it differs but little, if at all, from the

Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera of Australia. 243

Indian form, with which I have compared specimens;

our species is a somewhat variable insect.

Mr. Masters is doubtless correct in sinking the name

Scottianus (Feld.), considering it a synonym of Mac-

leayanus.

Xuthus (Lin.).—I think this insect must be permitted

to remain on the list of Australian butterflies, however

improbable the chances of its having been taken in Aus-

tralia may appear. In the Cat. Pap. B. Museum a spe-

cimen contained in the national collection is authori-

tatively announced as from Port Essington.

Dissimilis (Lin.)—This is another species given as

Australian in the Cat. Pap. B. M. p. 71, of which Mr.

Masters makes no mention. Whether it is a reliable

Australian species or not I am unable to say, but, like

many others reputed as Australian, of which perhaps

casual or accidental specimens only have been taken, or

others which have been caught elsewhere and described as

Australian in error—of which cases have occurred—they

must remain, at any rate provisionally, in the list of

Australian insects until more reliable and authentic infor-

mation concerning them can be procured.

In the subfamily Pierine Mr. Masters ignores the

genera Tachyris (Wall.) and Delias (Hiib.), without

giving any reason; why, I cannot understand, as these

genera appear quite sufficiently distinguished by the dif-

ference in the neuration of wings.

~ In the genus Terias, Mr. Masters includes Hecabe (Lin.)

and Sari (Horsf.) as distinct species; there can be no

doubt that the latter is the Australian form of Hecabe, and

differs very little, if at all, from that well-known insect.

Two species in this subfamily quoted by Kirby appear

to have been overlooked by Mr. Masters, viz.—

Delias Fragalactea (Butl.), (Thye. F.), Ann. Nat:

Hist. ser. iv. vol. iv. p. 243 (1869). ie

Pieris Jave (Sparrm.).—(Pap. J.), Amoen. Acad. vil.

p. 504, note 1 (1767). The @ appears to have been

described by Donovan, under the name of Pap. Deioperas

in his Ins. N. Holland, t. 21, f. 2 (1805).

Fam. DANAID 4.

Genus Danais (Latr.).

Mr. Masters expresses surprise that in Kirby’s work

D. affinis is treated, as he says, as a synonym or var. of

R 2 e

, aS nae

Fe Tee

had f

i, iS

244 Mr. W. H. Miskin’s Note on a

D. Plexippus ; it is true that affints is quoted as a var.

of this latter species, but Mr. Masters appears not to have

observed that in the appendix to Kirby’s work the error

is rectified.

Mr. Masters is wrong in making Chrysippus and Petilia

distinct species; they are one and the same. Petilia(Stoll.),

the Australian form of this world-wide species, differs but

little from its congeners of other countries, but appears to

me to assimilate more closely to the African form, with

which it agrees in the almost total absence of the row of

marginal white spots on the posterior wing; this charac-

teristic seems most prominent in the Mauritius form, where

we see the white spots distinctly and perfectly developed.

Our insect, described by Macleay under the name of

Hamata, is sufficiently constant m its smaller size and

slight difference of markings to be retained as a variety

of the Indian insect it so nearly approaches, but it appears

to me, on comparison, to resemble more closely Cramer’s

Melissa, than Limniace.

In the genus Euplwa Mr. Masters is again abroad:

Angasii (Feld.) and Corinna (Macl.), given by him as

distinct species, are both undoubted synonyms of £. Sy/-

vester (Fab.).

FE. Hyems (Butl.) gives precedence to Felder’s name,

Arisbe, the latter having priority of date.* See App.

Kirby’s Cat.

Acrea Theodote (Wallen).—I think Mr. Masters is

right in his remarks respecting this insect; it is certainly

a mythical species.

Cethosia.— Another species should be added, viz., Cyane

(Dru.), var. Penthesilea (Cram.), upon the authority of

Mr. Macleay (King’s Surv. Aust. p. 463).

Messaras.—I think our species is Madesies (Hew.),

not Maonites.

Pyrameis Cardui.—Our form is sufficiently distinct

from the European to be at any rate considered a var.; I

think, therefore, that Prof. M‘Coy’s name of Kershawii

should hold good.

Diadema.—There are undoubtedly but two Australian

Species, both perfectly distinct: the one, Alimena (Lin.),

varying but little in its individuals, if at all, and confined

to the northern parts of the colony; the other varying in

the ¢ only (of which there are three tolerably constant

* An. and Mag. 4th Ser. vol. viii. p. 290. See remarks by Mr. Butler

in above respecting the dates of blicati “ f

Nowa '< Tip: publication of the “ Voyage of the

ela |

_ Catalogue of Diurnal Lepidoptera of Australia. 245

forms), but being in both sexes always constant in the —

markings on the under side ; whether Bolina or Lasinassa

as a specific name should have the preference for this latter

species I confess I am unable to say. Misippus seems

now to be applied to the African species, wherein the ?

mimics D. Chrysippus ; this form never occurs in Aus-

tralia, and both sexes appear to me to present points

clearly distinguishable from the Australian species.

Charazes (Oct.)—This generic name is made by Mr.

Kirby in his appendix to take precedence of Nymphalis.

Mynes.—<As I have endeavoured to show in some former

remarks, our species is identical with Geoffroy? of Guérin,

and not distinct, as Mr. Wallace supposes.

Mr. Masters omits Prothoe (Hiib.), Australis (Guér.)

(Mynes Leucis of Boisd.), quoted as Australian, from Port

Denison. See Proc. Ent. Soc. N. 8. iv. p. 58.

To the genus Lycena (Fab.), or, as Mr. Masters has it,

Cupido, 1 have to add the following, omitted by Mr.

Masters :—

Boetica (Lin.).

Cassius (Cram. ).

Pavana ( Horsf.).

Palmyra (¥eld.).

All of these have been determined by Mr. Hewitson.

Salamandri (Macl.) is a synonym of Taygetus (Feld.);

the latter name takes precedence.

Hypolycena (Feld.), Phorbas (Fab.) (¢ H. Dictea,

Feld.), with which Mr. Masters seems unacquainted, is a

tolerably common insect from Rockhampton northwards.

Sithon (Hiib.), Phocides (Fab.), var. Sugriva (Horsf. ),

is also a well-known Cape York species. ane

Amblypodia— Centaurus (Fab.)—is wrong: this is not

Australian; the common species, abundant from Port

Denison to Cape York, is figured by Hewitson, in the

B. M. Cat., Lycenide—the 4, at t. 4, f. 29, 30, 31, under

the name of Adatha (a synonym of Micale, Blanch.), and

the 2, at t. ii. f. 7, 8, 9, described at p. 4 under name of

Amytis. The name Micale (Blanch.) has therefore, I

presume, priority. : ;

Amongst the Hesperide I observe the following omis-

sions in the Catalogue :-—

IsMENE. 9

Discolor (Feld.), (Gon. D.).— Wien. Ent. Mon. 11.

p- 405, n. 50 (1859).

Common, Queensland.

IAG Mr. W. H. Miskin’s Note, §:e.

Hurama (Butl.), (Hesp. H.).—Trans. Ent. Soc. p. 498

(1870).

Hab.—Cape York.

Chromus (Cram.), (Pap. Ch.).—Pap. Ex. in. t. 284,

E. (1782). |

Hab.—Queensland. This insect has been determined

by Mr. Hewitson.

PAMPHIUA.

Augiades (Feld.).—Sitzb. Ak. Wiss. Math. Nat. Cl.

xi, p. 461, n. 51 (1860).

Hab.—Queensland. Same authority.

Many more species have yet to be added to the list of

Australian Diurni, several of which will doubtless prove

new to science, and many species contained in Mr. Masters’

Catalogue besides those I haye mentioned will have to be

erased, as our acquaintance with the Australian fauna

progresses, many being unquestionably assigned as Aus-

tralian without foundation, and many other of the names

being synonyms or representing mere varieties or sexes.

The want of a work embracing not only a list of the

described species, but the descriptions also, is severely felt

by the Australian entomologist; the original descriptions,

being distributed amongst a vast number of works and in

a variety of languages, renders the process of determina-

tion a slow and wearisome task in a country where but

few of these works are accessible. I trust, however, in

course of time to see some such work on our insects as

that of Mr. Trimen’s on the South African Butterflies, a

work that would prove an inestimable boon to entomolo-

gists here, and he the means of stimulating the prosecution

of this delightful science in the Australian colonies

;

C25

X. Monograph of the Genus Xylocopa, Latr. By

FREDERICK SmiruH, Assistant in the Zoological

Department of the British Museum.

[Read 5th January, 1874.]

THERE is no genus of bees, in the family Apide, that is

m my opinion more difficult of elucidation than Xylo-

copa; the sexes of many species can only be correctly

assimilated when direct observation of their habits fur-

nishes the evidence necessary to warrant their union.

The males of numerous species are of a buff or fulvous

colour, whilst the females are totally black; the sexes are

usually about the same size, but the males of some species

have very large approximating eyes, as in the case of the

drones of the hive bee, whilst others are quite lateral,

agreeing with those of the majority of the insect tribe.

Several other peculiarities distmguish certain species of

this genus, such as the dilatation of the apex of the first

joint of the antenne; and, in other instances, the inter-

mediate legs are elongated, agreeing in this respect with

several species belonging to the extensive genus Antho-

phora. ‘The females may be divided into two sections;

the first includes the majority of the species, and is distin-

guished by having the metathorax more or less rounded

posteriorly; the second section have the same division of

the thorax abruptly truncate, the hinder margin of the

scutellum having a sharp edge, and being more or less

submarginate.

Lepeletier de St. Fargeau has divided the genus into

sections: the first contains those species, the labrum of

which has three longitudinal elevated lines ; this is true of

his first species, but in the third the three elevations are

rather tubercles than longitudinal elevations. The second

section is said to be without elevated lines, and to be dis-

tinguished by having only a tubercle at the middle of the

base of the labrum; this does not hold good as regards

many of the species placed in the section. I have dis-

sected several, and find in each three tubercles; these are

not readily distinguished unless the labrum is detached

from the clypeus. Xylocopa flavo-rufa, and also X.

estuans, have each three tubercles, and this I believe will

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874, —PART II. (APR. )

248 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

be found to be the case in the majority of the other

species. " ;

A very distinct section might be formed of those species,

in which the eyes of the males are greatly enlarged,

occupying the greater part of the head, and meeting or

closely approximating at the vertex ; but the present state

of our knowledge of the genus scarcely warrauts its for-

mation, the males of numerous species being still unknown.

The colouring of the wings I have found a very useful

character ; this however requires one or two considerations.

Specimens quite recently taken have’a brilliancy which is

never retained in old cabinet specimens, or even in such as

had been long disclosed at the time of their capture. On

receiving a series of females of Xylocopa latipes, captured

near Calcutta, by Mr. G. A. James Rothney, their bril-

liancy at first induced me to think I had a new species

before me; these circumstances should be always con-

sidered, and when this is done the colour of the wings will

be found a very useful auxiliary in the determination of

species.*

I have had the advantage of examining several type-

specimens of the species described by St. Fargeau, but I

must confess to have experienced great difficulty, in many

instances, in my endeavours to master his work on this

genus.

In eleven instances St. Fargeau omits to give the size

of the species, and in others the size of one or other of the

sexes is not given, and the localities are not always indi-

cated; these circumstances combined, to say little of the

descriptions themselves, which are very deficient in dis-

ceriminative character, have rendered my labour somewhat

perplexing. My own descriptions will probably be con-

sidered, in some instances, to be merely diagnostic. I have

endeavoured to give in all cases just sufficient to enable

the student to make out his species; it is certainly a mere

useless incumbrance to describe over and over again cha-

racters common to every species of the genus. This paper

must be considered as an endeavour to supply material for

a much more complete monograph to be compiled by some

* The form and sculpture of the cl i i

‘ ypeus have been noticed as presentin

good specific characters, but the examination of a good series a epebied:

ta is distinguished by having lateral tubercles on that part of the face,

as proved that such characters are extremely variable, so much so as to

be obsolete in some examples ; the turi i i

aes p puncturing of the clypeus is frequently

Genus Xylocopa. 249

future Hymenopterist. I have felt it incumbent on my-

self to place mm the hands of entomologists all the

materials which in the course of years I have been able

to accumulate. I have neglected no opportunity of

endeavouring to induce collectors in foreign countries

to make careful observations of the economies of these

insects, and I may mention Herr Gueinzius, as one who

paid much attention to the habits of Hymenoptera, and

who on many occasions has furnished highly interesting

information on the insects found in the district of Port

Natal. In the British Museum are many nests, with the

insects bred from them; some of the results of such obser-

vations will be found to be acknowledged in this paper.

To Mr. H. W. Bates also I have been frequently indebted

for valuable information of the habits of the Hymenop-

tera ; and in one or two instances the propriety of uniting

the sexes of species of Xylocopa found in Brazil have been

confirmed by his observations. I have divided the genus

into geographical sections, and these I have again sub-

divided, each into three divisions; the first contains those

species of which the two sexes are similarly coloured; the

second, species of which the sexes are differently coloured ;

my third division consists of species of which only one sex

is known. ‘This arrangement will I trust greatly simplify

the study of this extensive genus, no less than one hundred

and twenty-three being recorded in this paper. I have

thus amassed materials which other hands may hereafter

arrange, probably in a more orderly and scientific manner.

One or two of my sections have been named generically.

I, however, only consider them of divisional value.

In the genus Xylocopa, as in that of Megachile, the

males of some species have the anterior tarsi dilated ;

other species of Xylocopa have the intermediate legs

greatly elongated; a similar section is found in the genus

Anthophora. Lepeletier de St. Fargeau has proposed

the generic name Audinetia for the division to which

X. latipes belongs, the males having the eyes very large,

and approximating on the vertex; the anterior tarsi are

dilated and thickly fringed behind ; the females have the

metathorax abruptly truncate, the posterior margin of the

seutellum being somewhat elevated and sharply edged.

In this section he places his species X. crassa, which is

the female of X. torrida, the male of which has the

anterior tarsi simple. Another sub-genus of St. Fargeau,

Schénherria, is characterized by the females having the

250 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

scutellum inclined and not elevated at its posterior margin ;

the abdomen oblong and depressed; the males are said

to have the anterior tarsi slightly dilated ; the first of these

characters are common to many females not included in

the section, and that applied to the males I have been

unable to detect.

The genus most closely allied to Xylocopa is that of

Lestis, consisting at present of two Australian species ;

in this genus both the labial and maxillary palpi are four-

jointed.

Genus XYLOCOPA (Latr.)

Head transverse, subrotundate; ocelli placed in a

triangle on the vertex. yes lateral, elongate-ovate,

varying in size in the females; in the males varying

greatly, in some species occupying the greater part of .

the head, and closely approximating at their summit.

Mandibles short, stout, and usually with three blunt teeth

at their apex. Maxillary palpi 6-jointed; the three basal

joints much longer and thicker than the three apical ones,

each in succession decreasing in length. Labial palpi

4-jointed; the basal joint elongate, being five times the

length of the second; the two apical jomts minute, and

inserted in a line with the other joints. Anterior wings

with one elongate marginal cell, acute at its apex ; three

submarginal cells, the third as long as the first and second

united ; the second of an irregular subtriangular shape ;

the first recurrent nervure uniting with the second trans-

verso-medial nervure; the second entering the third sub-

marginal cell towards its apex. ‘The anterior and inter-

mediate tibiae with a single spine at their apex; that on

former flattened and obliquely truncate at the apex; the

posterior tibize have two simple spines at their apex; the

claws of the tarsi bifid. The legs of the males sometimes

elongated ; the intermediate legs, in one or two species,

greatly so.

SPECIES OF EUROPE.

Div. 1.—Males and females similarly coloured. ‘Species 1 to 5.

Div. 2.—Males of a different colour to the females. None.

Diy. 3.—Only one sex of the species known. Species 6 to 7.

SPECIES OF AFRICA.

Div. 1.—Males and females similarly coloured. Species 8 to 13.

Div. 2.—Males of a different colour to the females. Species 14 to 21.

Diy. 3.—Only one sex of the species known, Species 22 to 40.

ind L =.

= ; Genus Xylocopa. 251

SPECIES OF ASIA, THE ISLANDS OF THE MaLAY ARCHIPELAGO,

: AND OF AUSTRALIA.

Div. 1.—Males and females similarly coloured. Species 41 to 53.

Div. 2.—Males of a different colour to the females. Species 54 to 59,

Div. 3.—Only one sex of the species known. Species 60 to 77.

SPECIES OF SOUTH AMERICA, BRAZIL, AND THE WEST INDIA

ISLANDS.

Div. 1.—Males and females similarly coloured. Species 78 to 80.

Div. 2.—Males of a different colour to the females. Species 81 to 83.

Diy. 3.— Only one sex of the species known. Species 84 to 111.

SpPEcIES oF NorTH AMERICA.

Div. 1.—Males and females similarly coloured. Species 112 to 116.

Div. 2.—Males of a different colour to the females. Species 117, 118.

Diy. 3.—Only one sex of the species known. Species 119 to 123.

Geographical Distribution of the Species.

Europe, 7.

Africa, 33.

India, China and Malay Archipelago, 35.

Australia, 2.

South America and West Indies, 34,

North America, 12.

SPECIES OF EUROPE.

1. Xylocopa violacea.

Apis violacea, Syst. Nat. i. 959, ed. xi., 23; Scop.

Ent. Carn. 305, fig. 812,°9 ; abr.

Syst. Ent. 379; Ent. Syst. ii. 315;

Schrank. Ins. Austr. 394; Rossi,

Faun. Etrus. 11. 99; Panz. Faun.

Germ. 59, 6, 2.

Xylocopa violacea, Latr. Gen. Crust. et Ins. iv. 159,

6, 9; Fabr. Syst. Piez. 338;

Westw. Nat. Libr. (Jardine) En-

tom. vi. 265, pl. 20, fig. 3, 2; St.

Farg. Hym. 1. 183; Lucas, Explo.

Sc. Algér. 11. 166; Eversm. Bull.

Mose. xxv. “125; Smith, Cat.

Hym. Ins., Apide, 11. 344; Gerst.

Stett. Ent. Zeit. (1872), p. 275.

Xylocopa femorata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 339, 6.

Reaum. Ins. vi. pl. v. fig. 1, 2.

This well known European species is entirely black, its

pubescence black ; its wings brown-black, with a brilliant

violet iridescence. Length 10 to 12 lines.

Hab.—France; Germany; Dalmatia; Austria; Sicily;

Italy ; Russia; Sweden; Algeria; Syria.

252 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

2. Xylocopa cyanescens.

Xylocopa cyanescens, Brullé, Expéd. Scient. de Morée,

Zool. iii. p. 339, pl. 48, fig. 8;

Lucas, Explo. Se. Algér. i.

166; Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, ii. 344; Gerst. Stett.

Ent. Zeit. (1872), p. 279.

Xylocopa minuta, St. Farg. Hym. 1. 190, 3, ¢.

Xylocopa taurica, Erichs. in Reis. in der Regentsch.

Algier, von M. Wagner, ui. 192,

$5 2

Blue, with occasionally violet tints on the abdomen; the

head black, or blue-black; wings dark fuscous, with a

violet iridescence; the male resembles the female in colour.

The sexes are from five to six lines long.

Hab.—France; Switzerland; The Morea; Sicily;

Syria; Algeria.

3. Xylocopa Olivieri.

Xylocopa Olivieri, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 192, 6 ; Gerst.

Stett. Ent. Zeit. (1872), p. 281.

Xylocopa hellenica, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 1.

2nd ser. (1843), p. 144.

Xylocopa fuscata, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide,

p: 345, @.

Xylocopa fasciata, Eversm. Bull. Soc. Nat. Mose.

(1854), i. p. 198.

Female.—Rufo-fuscous, sometimes nigro-fuscous; the

pubescence fulvous. Head much narrower than the

thorax ; antennee ferruginous, usually more or less fuscous

above; thorax densely pubescent above; wings slightly

flavo-hyaline, the nervures and tegule rufo-testaceous ;

abdomen, the apical margins of the segments with narrow

fascize of pale fulvous pubescence ; that at the apex bright

fulvous. The male resembles the female, but has the

labrum and clypeus white. Length 10 lines.

Hab.—South-east of Europe ; Greece; Turkey; Bag-

dad ; Russia ; Syria.

St. Fargeau in his description of the male does not

notice the white clypeus and labrum ; this renders it doubt-

ful whether it really belongs to this species. Dr. Ger-

sticker quotes, with a query, the probability of my_X. lanata,

from Turkey, belonging to this species. I ohserve the fol-

Genus Xylocopa. 253

lowing differences in the only example I have seen: the

head is shorter and rounder, the pubescence on the head

and thorax white, a little tinged with fulvous on the disk

of the thorax; the two apical segments of the abdomen

are densely covered with bright fulvous pubescence ; it is

altogether a shorter and more compact insect. The spe-

cimen is in the finest condition.

4, Xylocopa Cantabrica.

Xylocopa cantabrita, St. Farg. Hym. ii. p. 193, 3, 9.

Xylocopa sinuatifrons, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. France

(1843), 2nd ser. i. 143, @.

Xylocopa Cantabrica, Gerst. Stett. Ent. Zeit. (1872),

p- 280, 3, 9.

Female.—Black and shining; head not quite so wide

as the thorax, closely punctured ; the thorax more dis-

tantly so, the disk smooth; the pubescence on the head

and thorax griseous; on the tibic, tarsi and apex of the

abdomen the pubescence is fulvous; wings flavo-hyaline,

with a fuscous cloud at their apical margins. ‘The male

resembles the female, but is more pubescent. Length

8 lines. .

Hab.—North of Spain.

;

‘

— 5. Xylocopa valga.

Xylocopa valga, Gerst. Stett. Ent. Zeit. (1872),

Pues 25y.d%

Closely resembles X. violacea, being black and having

dark-violet wings; the female is distinguished from that

species by having the third joint of the antenne shorter, a

little stouter, and only equal in length to the two following

joints united; X. violacea ? has the third joint as long

as the three following united; the head is proportionably

narrower than in X. violacea, and less swollen behind the

eyes. The male I have not seen, but it is at once known

from that of X. violacea by its unicolorous antenne, the

two penultimate joints being reddish-yellow in X. violacea ;

the latter species has the posterior coxze mucronate at the

apex, the tibize arcuate and appendiculate at the apex; in

X. valga the apex is simple. Dr. Gerstiicker has pointed

out all the distinctive characters of the sexes.

Hab.—Bozen (Switzerland ?); Crimea; Trieste; Syria

(Mount Hermon).

254 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

6. Xylocopa lanata.

Xylocopa lanata, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, il.

345, ¢.

The male only known; the thorax black, abdomen

nigro-piceous, the legs ferruginous, as well as the antenne ;

the clypeus white; the head and thorax densely clothed

with a whitish woolly pubescence; on the thorax above

faintly tinged with fulvous; that on the legs and apex of

the abdomen is bright fulvous ; the base of the abdomen,

and the apical margins of the segments, fringed with pale

pubescence ; wings hyaline, with a faint yellow tint, the

nervures ferruginous. Length 6 lines.

Hab.—Turkey in Europe.

SPECIES OF AFRICA.

7. Xylocopa capensis.

Xylocopa capensis, St. Farg. Hym. 11.179, $,2; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 348, ¢.

Xylocopa capitata, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

348, ¢.

The female is entirely black, the head very large, nearly

as wide as the thorax, closely and finely punctured; the

thorax and abdomen smooth, shining, and with distant

delicate punctures; wings brown-black, with bright violet

iridescence; the basal joint of the anterior tarsi more or

less clothed with fulvous pubescence beneath.

The male has the face, as high as the insertion of the

antennz, yellow; the abdomen with a tuft of white pubes-

cence at the sides of the base; the posterior coxz and

femora much dilated, the latter having the posterior

margin compressed and tuberculate in the middle, the

first joint of the posterior tarsi swollen at the base; wings

dark brown-black, with a violet iridescence. Length of

the female 12—14 lines; of the male 134 lines. .

Hab.—Cape of Good Hope.

8. Xylocopa flavo-rufa.

Xylocopa flavo-rufa, De Geer, Mem. vii. 605, pl. 45,

f. 1, 2; Oliv. Encycl. Méth.

iv. 63; St. Farg. Hym. ii.

177, $,2; Smith, Cat. Hym.

Ins., Apide, ii. 350; Gerst.

Peter’s Reise Mossamb. 444.

LS)

Genus Xylocopa.

Xylocopa trepida, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 340.

A large species readily distinguished ; both sexes are

black, with the thorax above, and the tip of the abdomen,

fulvo-rufous ; the wings dark-brown, and with a green and

violet iridescence. Length eleven to thirteen lines.

Hab.—Guinea; Cape of Good Hope; Knysna; Natal;

Angola.

C—9, Xylocopa combusta.

—— Xylocopa combusta, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

350, 6, 2.

A common large black species, the female readily known

by having a little bright ferruginmous pubescence at the

extreme apex of the abdomen. The male has the clypeus,

two minute spots on the labrum, and the scape of the

antenne in front, yellowish-white; the flagellum fulvous

beyond the basal joint; the anterior legs with the lower

margin more or less ferruginous, also the tibizw beneath ;

the anterior coxe with a tuft of ferruginous pubescence

between them; the anterior and intermediate tarsi fringed

with fulvo-ferruginous pubescence, the basal joint of the

intermediate pair fringed with black behind at their base ;

the apical joints of all the tarsi rufo-testaceous; the wings

in both sexes blackish-brown. with green and purple iri-

descence. Length one inch.

Hab.—Congo; Sierra Leone; Angola; Fernando Po.

10. Xylocopa modesta.

Xylocopa modesta, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, 1.

352, 2.

This small species has the thorax and basal segment of

the abdomen clothed with yellow pubescence ; the extreme

tip of the abdomen has a little ferruginous pubescence ;

the wings dark fuscous beyond the second submarginal

cell, the basal portion being subhyaline; the wings have a

purple iridescence. Length of the female six and a halt

lines.

The male resembles the female, but has the face clothed

with cinereous pubescence, and the legs are rufo-piceous

beneath.

Hab.—The Gambia.

256 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

*11. Xylocopa oblonga.

Female.—Black, oblong, thorax and abdomer shining ;

the head semi-opaque and closely punctured; the carina in

front of the ocelli forming a slight tubercle between the

antenne; the flagellum of the latter testaceous beneath,

excepting the two basal joints. Thorax finely punctured

above; the disk of the mesothorax impunctate; the pubes-

cence on the sides and legs black; that on the anterior

tarsi obscure ferruginous beneath; wings brown-black,

with a rich purple iridescence, tinted with green at the

apical portion of the anterior pair ; metathorax rounded.

Abdomen finely and distantly punctured, the sides fringed

with long black pubescence. Length fifteen lines ; expanse

of the wings two inches and a half.

Male.—Of the same oblong form as the female ; the cly-

peus, except its anterior margin, the sides of the face as

high as the anterior ocellus, and a ring which surrounds

them, white; antennz black. Thorax: a little griseous

pubescence in front, a little beneath the wings, and a tuft

at the base of the posterior coxz; the posterior femora

incrassate, their hinder margin thin and sinuated, with a

minute tubercle at the base; the legs elongated. Length

twelve and a half lines; expanse of the wings two inches

and a quarter.

Hab.—Cape of Good -Hope.

12. Xylocopa rufitarsis.

Xylocopa rufitarsis, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 191, ¢ ; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee, 11. 346.

This small species is readily distinguished as regards the

male sex, which is black; the vertex has a little griseous

pubescence; the thorax is clothed above with similar

pubescence ; the abdomen has a little on the basal margin

of the abdomen, and the three following segments have a

little on the apical margins laterally; its length is seven

lines ; the wings are fusco-hyaline. The female is totally

black, evenly and rather finely punctured ; wings as in the

male ; length seven to eight lines.

Hab.—Cape of Good Hope.

——~13. Xylocopa hottentotta.

Aylocopa hottentotta, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

349, 2.

Female.—Length 8—9} lines. Black, the wings brown-

Genus Xylocopa. 257

black, with a bright steely-blue iridescence. The head

closely punctured; the flagellum of the antennz nigro-

piceous beneath; more or less so in different examples.

Thorax shining above ; punctured; the disk smooth, nearly

impunctate, having only a few fine scattered punctures;

the metathorax rounded. Abdomen of the same width as

the thorax, not very closely punctured, most sparingly so

down the middle.

Male.—Length 8—93 lines. Very closely resembling

the female, but with the antenne usually entirely nigro-

piceous beneath, in some of the larger examples very

obscurely so; varying greatly in this respect. The clypeus

with silvery-white pubescence, and the anterior margin of

the thorax with similar pubescence, more or less bright ;

in different examples there is sometimes a little white

pubescence on each side of the basal margin of the

abdomen ; the sixth and seventh segments are fringed with

black pubescence on the apical segment, forming lateral

tufts. In some examples there is a little whitish pubes-

cence on the sides of the thorax beneath the wings.

This species is about the same size and is most closely

allied to X. rufitarsts, but the male is at once distin-

guished by the colour of the hair that clothes the tarsi;

the female of rufitarsts has paler wings, and they have a

violet iridescence.

A series of ten females, together with twelve females,

obligingly sent by Sir Sidney Smith Saunders, have

enabled me to indicate the range of variation in this

species; they are from Aden.

Hab.—Sierra Leone; Angola; Natal; Aden.

14. Xylocopa lateritia.

Xylocopa lateritia, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, 11.

346, 2; Gerst. Reis. Mossamb.

(Peter’s), 444, Taf. xxix., fig.

1 6, 22; and Reis. in Ost-

Afrika, Von der Dek. 315.

Female.— Black, with the thorax and basal segment of

the abdomen clothed with short brick-red pubescence; a

tubercle in front of the anterior ocellus; the flagellum

of the antenne pale beneath; wings dark-brown and

with a violet iridescence.

Male.—The head, thorax above and at the sides, the

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (APR.) Ss

258 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

anterior tibis, and base of the abdomen, densely clothed

with fulvous pubescence; the rest of the abdomen with a

greenish-yellow pubescence, its apical margin with a fringe

of black pubescence.

Hab.—Isle of Johanna, Mozambique.

15. Xylocopa africana.

Apis africana, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 319, ¢.

Bombus africanus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 346. Ris

Xylocopa africana, St. Farg. Hym. u. 198; Smith,

Cat. Hym.~Ins., ~Apidze,~ i;

: _ 346, ¢.

Xylocopa varipes, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, 1.

Big age

The sexes were sent to the Museum as constituting one

species from Fernando Po; the female has the pubescence

on the head, thorax, basal segment of the abdomen, the

fringe of the apical segment, the anterior and intermediate

legs, and the posterior tibiee, clothed with ochraceous

pubescence ; that on the thorax, in very fine examples, is

somewhat fulvous ; wings dark-brown and with a purple

iridescence. The male has the pubescence on the vertex

black, intermixed with luteous, that on the clypeus and

cheeks whitish; the pubescence on the thorax in front,

and on the legs, black; on the basal seement of the abdo-

men, and on the thorax posteriorly, it is bright yellow,

the yellow portion being of an angular shape in front of

the insertion of the wings; the wings subbhyaline, their

margins broadly adorned with coppery iridescence. ‘The

abdomen with olive pubescence.

Length of the female 9—10 lines; of the male 7—49 lines.

Hab.—W. Africa; Fernando Po; Angola.

16. Xylocopa caffra.

Apis caffra, Linn. Syst. Nat. i. 959, 2; Fabr. Ent.

Syst. 11. 319, @.

Bombus caffrus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 346.

Xylocopa caffra, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 197, $, 2; Klug,

Ilhg. Mag. vi. 209; Smith, Cat.

Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 346; Gerst.

Insekt. Reise Mossamb. p. 444; -

Gerst. Von der Deck. Reise in

Ost-Africka, iii. pl. 2, Wissensch.

Theil. 315. ‘

Genus Xylocopa. 259

The female is black, with the posterior portion of the

thorax and the basal portion of the abdomen yellow ; the

wings brownish-black with a purple iridescence. The

pubescence of the male is olive-yellow; the antenne yel-

low beneath, except one or two joints at the base of the

flagellum; the mandibles have a minute yellow spot at

their base and the anterior margin of the clypeus has a

narrow yellow line, this is sometimes interrupted; the legs

are pubescent, that on the underside being black; at the

tip of the abdomen the pubescence is slightly fulvous,

with more or less of black hairs at the sides. Length of

female 10 lines; of the male 9 lines.

Hab.—Cape of Good Hope; Damara-Land ; Congo,

17. Xylocopa olivacea.

Apis olivacea, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 319, &.

Bombus olivaceus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 347.

Xylocopa olivacea, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee, ii.

349, 3, @.

Xylocopa luteola, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 198, ¢.

The male resembles that of X. caffra, but is not so

bright in colour, being olive, the antennz pale beneath,

with a longitudinal pale line on the clypeus, the anterior

margin of the same and two spots on the labrum reddish-

yellow; there is also a minute yellow spot at the base of

the mandibles ; the claw-joint of the tarsi ferruginous, and

the pubescence on the intermediate and posterior tarsi

black; the wings subhyaline, with a fuscous stain in the

marginal cell, and a faint cloud at the apical margins;

length seven lines. The female is black, with the thorax

and basal segment of the abdomen clothed with bright

yellow pubescence; the basal half of the wings subhyaline,

the apical pair dark fuscous; the flagellum of the antenne

pale beneath; length eight lines.

Hab.—Sierra Leone; Angola.

18. Xylocopa divisa.

Xylocopa divisa, Klug, Mag. der Gesell. Nat. fiir zu

Berlin, 2; Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, 1. 363.

The sexes of this small species were bred from the nest

by Herr Gueinzius, at Natal; it is readily distinguished :

the female is black, with the posterior half of the thorax

: s2

260 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

clothed with yellow pubescence; the wings are brown,

palest at the base, and have a bright purple iridescence.

The male resembles that of X. africana, but the thorax

is uniformly bright yellow above and not bordered in front

with black pubescence ; it is, however, both on the sides

and beneath, of a darker hue; its anterior ‘and inter-

mediate tarsi are fringed behind with long, fulvous

pubescence, and the abdomen is uniformly yellowish,

being darkest on the sides and down the centre.

Hab.—Natal; Abyssinia.

The female varies in having, in good examples, a little

yellow pubescence at the base of the abdomen; it has also,

In some instances, a griseous pubescence on the face.

— 19. Xylocopa torrida.

Mesotrichia torrida, Westw. Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. ii.

113; 85 -pl. x. £07,004 teases

Xylocopa crassa, St. Farg. Hym. 1. 204, 2 (1841).

Xylocopa torrida, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee, 11.

349, 3.

There is little or no doubt of the sexes being correctly

united; in 1851 four males and three females were re-

ceived from Fernando Po, no other Xylocopa accompany-

ing them; since that time they have been received in

collections from other localities; Dr. Welwitsch took the

sexes plentifully in Angola. The male is black, with the

head, the anterior half of the thorax, and the four anterior

legs, clothed with bright rufo-fulvous pubescence ; the inter-

mediate legs elongated, the femora with a long tooth at

their base beneath, the first jot of the tarsi being fringed

with long pale hair on both sides, the claw-joint is also

fringed ; the clypeus and scape of the antenne in front is

yellowish-white, the flagellum being fulvous beneath.

Length twelve to thirteen lines.

The female is totally black ; the head is large, nearly as

wide as the thorax in front; the face densely clothed with

black pubescence; the head is closely punctured and

opaque; thorax and abdomen broad, shining, and finely

punctured, the disk of the thorax impunctate; abdomen

rather flattened above and fringed at the sides with black

pubescence ; wings black-brown, with a violet and green

iridescence ; the basal joint of the anterior tarsus is covered

beneath with ferruginous pubescence. Length one inch.

Hab.—Fernando Po $ Angola, ;

Genus Xylocopa. 261

20. Xylocopa nigrita.

Apis nigrita, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 316, ¢.

Xylocopa nigrita, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 340; St. Farg.

Hym. i. 179; Gerst. Von der

Deck. Reis. in Ost-Afrika, ii.

pt. 2, Wissensch. Theil. 314.

Female.—The pubescence on the face, anterior legs,

and sides of the abdomen white; on the other parts of the

insect it is black.

Male.—Fulvo-ochraceous, with fulvous pubescence; the

coxze, pectus, base of the anterior and intermediate femora,

as well as the posterior pair, black. Length of each sex

about fourteen lines.

The sexes were bred by Herr Gueinzius of Natal, who

forwarded the nest to the British Museum.

Hab.—Sierra Leone ; Natal; Angola.

21. Xylocopa calens.

Xylocopa calens, St. Farg. Hym. i. 196, ¢.

The female is black, with the thorax above and the first

segment of the abdomen bright citron-yellow. The male

has the head, thorax, tibize and tarsi clothed with yellow

pubescence, that on the latter is long and has a ferruginous

tinge ; the tarsi ferruginous, the antenne rufo-piceous, the

seape yellow beneath, the flagellum fulvous, the anterior

margin of the clypeus, and sometimes a line down its

centre, more or less distinct, and a minute spot at the base

of the mandibles, yellow ; wings dark brown, with a violet

iridescence. Abdomen: at the base the pubescence is

yellow, beyond inclining to olive, and at the apex it is

black ; the apex of the posterior tibiz and first joint of the

tarsi with black pubescence ; the wings slightly fuscous,

and with a violet iridescence ; the nervures ferruginous.

Length of the female nine lines; of the male eight,

Hab— Madagascar.

*22. Xylocopa cupripennis.

Male.— Length 8 lines. Black; head much narrower

than the thorax ; the pubescence on the head, thorax, and

base of the abdomen at the sides, griseous ; the head and

thorax closely punctured and shining; the abdomen with

a blue tinge, particularly so at the base; the apical mar-

gins of the segments narrowly rufo-piceous ; wings sub-

262 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

fuscous and with coppery iridescence, which in certain

lights has purple tints.

Hab.— Algeria.

23. Xylocopa femorata.

Xylocopa grisescens, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

347, 6 (mec St. Farg. Hym. n.

178).

I had overlooked the species described by St. Fargeau

when I gave the name grisescens to this insect ; it is black

and covered with griseous pubescence, that on the tarsi

being pale fulvous ; the posterior femora are much dilated ;

the wings fusco-hyaline, with a darker cloud beyond the

inclosed cells; it is nine lines long. This is very probably

the male of X. cirtana.

Hab.— Algeria.

24. Xylocopa preusta.

Xylocopa preusta, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide,

pt. u. 347, ¢.

This species was marked female in my catalogue by an

oversight ; it is distinguished by having the head, thorax,

legs and base of the abdomen densely clothed with short

ochraceous pubescence, which has a golden lustre; the

intermediate and posterior tarsi, as well as the apex of the

abdomen, are clothed with bright fulvous; the scape in

front and the clypeus yellow. Length ten lines.

Hab.— Africa.

25. Xylocopa obscurata.

Xylocopa obscurata, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

347, ¢.

This male is very distinct from all others which are

known to me; it is nine lines long; its head and thorax

are densely clothed with short fulvo-ferruginous pubes-

cence, not bright, rather obscure ; the same also covers

the basal segment of the abdomen; on the other segments

it is black, except that on the two apical ones, which is -

bright fulvous ; the wings fuscous, with a slight purple

iridescence.

Hab.— Africa.

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Genus Xylocopa. 263

26. Xylocopa ustulata.

Xylocopa ustulata, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

351, é.

This small species is black, with the mandibles and

antennz ferruginous, the latter more or less fuscous above.

The anterior legs ferruginous beneath ; the intermediate

and posterior femora and tibie more or less so at their

apex. The face, thorax anteriorly, and basal margin of

the abdomen, with griseous pubescence; there is also,

usually, a little on the sides of the thorax beneath; the

wings dark brown, with a violet iridescence; the disk of

the thorax shining, smooth, and having a few distant punc-

tures; abdomen shining, sparingly punctured in the

middle, more closely so at the sides ; the apex fringed with

black pubescence. Length 74 lines.

Hab.—The Gambia.

27. Xylocopa producta.

Male.—Length 93 lines. Black, with black pubescence ;

that on the front of the thorax above, and that on each side

of the basal segment of the abdomen above, griseous; the

clypeus and face, as high as the insertion of the antenne,

_ yellowish-white ; the underside of the flagellum fulvous.

Thorax and abdomen rather closely punctured, the disk of

the former impunctate ; the posterior femora incrassate,

and with a subtriangular flattened projecting process

behind; wings brown, not very dark, palest towards the

base, and with a purple iridescence.

Hab.— Angola.

This is probably the male of X. carinata.

*28. Xylocopa flavilabris.

Male.— Length 8 lines. Black, with black pubescence,

that on the thorax above, and on the first segment of the

abdomen, bright rufo-fulvous; on the apex of the posterior

tibiz and on the tarsi it is bright ferruginous ; the clypeus

and face, as high as the insertion of the antenne, yellow;

wings dark brown, with a purple iridescence; the pos-

terior femora incrassate, and having beneath a sharp

angular tubercle.

Hab.—Cape of Good Hope.

264 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

29. Xylocopa albifrons.

Xylocopa albifrons, St. Farg. Hym. 11. 191, ¢.

A male; black, with the clypeus, the inner orbits of the -

eyes, and a spot beneath the antennz, white ; the pubes-

cence on the thorax and the first segment of the abdomen

obscure reddish-brown; the four posterior tarsi have

rufous pubescence; wings fuscous, with a violet irides-

cence.

Hab.—Cape of Good Hope.

A species I have not seen, and one of those of which

St. Fargeau has not given the size.

30. Xylocopa angolensis.

Female.— Black; head closely punctured, a minute

tubercle between the antenne ; the disk of the thorax

shining, less closely punctured than the head, and with a

small impunctate space in the middle ; wings subhyaline,

clouded towards their apical margins; the anterior legs

with black pubescence, the intermediate and _ posterior

tibize and tarsi with bright fulvous pubescence ; the apical

jomts of all the tarsi rufo-piceous. Abdomen shining,

fringed at the sides with cinereous pubescence, the apical

segment with black, and with a few ferruginous hairs at

the extreme apex.

. Hab,— Angola.

31. Xylocopa inconstans.

Female.—Length 12 lines. Black; the vertex and

cheeks shining and with distant fine punctures; the face

and clypeus strongly punctured. Thorax: the mesothorax

smooth and shining on the disk, the lateral margins closely

punctured ; a band of white pubescence behind the inser-

tion of the wings, crossing the scutellum, also a line

beneath the wings; the first segment of the abdomen with

white pubescence; wings very dark brown with a green

and purple iridescence. Abdomen finely and distantly

punctured. Length a little over an inch.

This species varies both in size and colouring. I have

seen specimens from South Africa, sent by Dr. Living-

stone, only ten lines long ; the snow-white bands on the

thorax and abdomen are sometimes bright yellow; the

head is very large, as wide as the abdomen.

Hab.—South Africa, Lake Ngami.

Genus Xylocopa. 265

32. Xylocopa tarsata.

Xylocopa tarsata, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide,

i. 348 &.

Black ; head closely punctured and with a short carina

between the antenne; the metathorax rounded behind ;

wings dark brown, with a purple and violet iridescence ;

the apex of the posterior tibize and the tarsi clothed with

bright fulvous pubescence ; abdomen fringed with black

pubescence. Length 7 lines.

Hab.—Cape of Good Hope.

33. Xylocopa carinata.

Female.—Length 9 lines. Black; the head closely

punctured and semi-opaque ; an elevated shining carina

runs from the anterior ocellus to the insertion of the an-

tenn, where it terminates ina slight tubercle. The thorax

and abdomen shining and punctured, not very closely, and

sparingly so on the disk of the former; the abdomen

fringed with black pubescence at the sides; wings dark

brown-black, with a bright purple iridescence intermixed

with shades of green ; the flagellum of the antennz, except

the two basal joints, ochraceous beneath.

This is the X. frontalis of Ferret and Galinier (Voy.

en Abyssinie), but not of Olivier and Fabricius; I have

therefore changed the name.

Hab.— Angola; Abyssinia.

34. Xylocopa albiceps.

Xylocopa albiceps, Faby. Syst. Piez. 341, 2 ; St. Farg.

Hym. ii. 189; Smith, Cat. Hym.

Ins., Apide, 11. 349.

This small species is readily distinguished ; it has been

hitherto described as having the antennz entirely black,

but the flagellum is pale beneath; the wings are very dark

towards their apex, but are usually paler towards their

base, and have a violet irideseence. Length 6 to 7 lines.

Hab.— Guinea; Sierra Leone ; Congo.

35. Xylocopa apicalis.

~ Nylocopa apicalis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee, 1.

49, ?.

This insect is coloured the same as X. olivacea, but it

differs as follows: it is larger, the head proportionately

266 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

larger ; the face densely covered with black pubescence,

and the wings entirely dark brown, with a coppery and

violet iridescence ; its size is 10 lines.

Hab.—Sierra Leone; the Gambia.

36. Xylocopa imitator.

Xylocopa imitator, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, i,

) S51.

This species is very like X. albiceps, but it is uniformly

larger, its wings are entirely dark brown, with a rich purple

iridescence, and at the extreme tip of the abdomen it has

some bright ferruginous pubescence ; its length is eight

and a half to nine and a half lines.

Hab.—Sierra Leone; Congo; Gold Coast.

37. Xylocopa lugubris.

Xylocopa lugubris, Gerst. Peter’s Reise Mossamb. 445;

Tak xxi, 49

This is a small species, six lines long; it is black, with

the thorax clothed above with griseous pubescence, as is

also the abdomen laterally ; the tarsi fuscous, the posterior

pair white at the base; the wings fuscous, with a violet

iridescence.

Hab.— Mozambique.

38. Xylocopa cirtana.

Xylocopa cirtana, Lucas, Explo. Se. Algér. 11. 167,

Atlas, pl. 4, fig. 10, 2; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidae, ii. 347.

This species is clothed with a greenish-fulvous pubes-

cence, the tibiz and tarsi with fulvous-red pubescence; the

wings slightly fuscous. One inch in length.

Hab.—Alveria.

39. Xylocopa Amedai.

Xylocopa Amedai, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 188, 2 ; Lucas,

Explo. Se. Algér. i. 167, pl. 4, _

fig. 9; Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, 11. 348.

This species is black, with black pubescence ; the tibiz

and first jomt of the tarsi with ferruginous pubescence.

Length twelve and a half lines.

Hab.— Algeria.

Genus Nylocopa. 267

SPECIES OF ASIA, THE ISLANDS OF THE MALAY

ARCHIPELAGO, AND OF AUSTRALIA.

40. Xylocopa latipes.

—— Apis latipes, Drury, Illus. Exot. Ins. ii. 98, pl. 48, fig.

2,65; Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 314.

Xylocopa latipes, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 337; St. Farg.

Hym. ii. 203, 6, 2 ; Smith, Cat.

Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 353 ; Journ.

Proc. Lin. Soe. it. 47.

Platynopoda latipes, Westw. Nat. Libr. Entom. vi. 271,

pli 235 fier 3s

Apis gigas, De Geer, Mém. iii. 576, pl. 28, fig. 15;

Christ. Hym. tab. 4, fig..1, 22,3 ¢.

I think it very probable that the X. marginella of St.

Fargeau is a variety of the female of tenuzscapa, having a

little ferruginous pubescence at the base of the posterior

tarsi. X. latipes and X. tenuiscapa are two of the largest

species of the genus, and the sexes of each resemble each

other ; they are black, and the males of each have their

anterior tarsi dilated, yellow, flattened, and fringed with a

mixture of long yellow and black pubescence; the male of

X, latipes sometimes has the clypeus and a spot at the

base of the mandibles yellow; other examples have the

clypeus only partly yellow ; in others it is entirely black.

Both species have the eyes of the males large and approxi-

mating; X. latipes is known by its antenne having the

scape dilated at the apex into a battledore shape, its base

being very much attenuated. The antenna of X. tenuis-

capa, male, has not a dilated scape, it is simply shghtly

thickened from the base to the apex. The females are not

so readily separated: both have the abdomen somewhat

flattened and rather finely punctured, and fringed at the

sides with curled, black pubescence; the colour of the

wings appears to be a good specific character. The wings

of X. tenuiscapa are brown-black, with very vivid irides-

cence; at their base they are purple, in the middle with

bright tints of green and gold ; these occasionally extend

to their base; towards thelr apex is a mixture of purple

and golden lustre. The wings of X. /atipes are less vividly

adorned ; they are equally dark, have a purple or violet

iridescence, and are more or less tinged with green towards

their apex. The third submarginal cell and third discoidal

cell are longer in X. latipes than in X. tenwiseapa.

Hab.—India; China; Java; Malacca; Singapore;

Sumatra; Borneo; Philippines,

268 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

41. Xylocopa tenuiscapa.

Platynopoda tenuiscapa, Westw. Nat. Libr. (Jardine’s)

Entom. vi. 27, pl. 23, fig.

290

Audinetia Latreillii, St. Farg. Hym. i. 206, ¢, &.

Xylocopa tenuiscapa, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., A pidee, 11.

353.

Xylocopa viridipennis, St. Farg. Hym. i. 205, ?, var.?

Hab.—India; Java; Ceylon; Penang; Philippines.

42. Xylocopa albo-fasciata.

Xylocopa albo-fasciata, Sichel, Reise der Novara,

Hym. Foss. et Mellif.

154, 2.

Hab.—Ceylon.

This is a large species, over one inch and a quarter in

length; it is black and punctured; the antennz fuscous

beneath ; the mandibles bidentate; the clypeus with a

slight carina; the pubescence black on the head and

thorax ; the latter with strong, but distant punctures; the

metathorax truncate. Abdomen strongly punctured, the

base truncate; the marginal fimbria black ; the basal mar-

gins of the segments with narrow white fasciz of downy

pile ; the wings fusco-hyaline.

43. Xylocopa dissimilis.

Xylocopa dissimilis, St. Farg. Hym. 1. 180, ¢, 2 ;

Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide,

IK356;

A large black species of an oblong, narrow form; the

thorax rounded behind; head semi-opaque and closely

punctured ; thorax and abdomen shining ; the disk of the

metathorax impunctate; abdomen finely and distantly

punctured ; wings black-brown, with violet, purple, and,

towards the apex, golden iridescence. ‘The male is known

by its having the clypeus and sides of the face yellowish-

white, and by the anterior ocellus having a white lunule

on each side ; the posterior femora are very much enlarged,

and have a blunt tooth or tubercle at their base; the coxse

are tuberculate at the apex; the thorax has a band of

whitish pubescence in front and a patch of the same colour

beneath the wings.

Hab.—India ; Burmah ; Philippine Islands; China.

Genus Xylocopa. 269

44, Xylocopa fenestrata.

Apis fenestrata, Fabr. Ent. Syst. Supp. 273, ¢.

Xylocopa fenestrata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 339; St. Farg.

Hym. 1. 184, $ (nee 2).

Xylocopa indica, Klug, Mag. der Gesell. Nat. fiir zu

Berlin (1807), var. ?

Male.—Black, punctured ; the punctures fine and dis-

tant on the mesothorax, scutellum, and down the middle

of the abdomen ; the sides more strongly and closely punc-

tured ; the wings hyaline at their base; more or less so in

different examples; beyond brown-black, with a violet

iridescence. I emale.—Shining black, finely and not very

closely punctured; disk of the metathorax impunctate.

The head as wide as the thorax; the face rather strongly

and very closely punctured; the frontal tubercle promi-

nent, and the lateral margins of the clypeus slightly

elevated; the flagellum of the antennz, except the three

basal joints, testaceous beneath; the wings dark brown-

black, with a bright violet iridescence towards their base,

changing to an geneous tint at their apical margins. The

lateral margins of the abdomen towards its apex fringed

with black pubescence, the frmge at the apex is tipped

with ferruginous. (See note below description of X,.

indica. )

Length of each sex ten lines.

I received the sexes of this species from Calcutta, where

it was taken by Mr. G. A. James Rothney ; the female

described by St. Fargeau, has nothing to do with this

species.

Hab.—India ; Celebes.

Bi 5 gah Xylocopa cerulea.

Bombus ceruleus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 345, 2.

Xylocopa cerulea, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 200; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 357.

Known immediately by the blue pubescence that clothes

the head, thorax, and basal segment of the abdomen ; a

male from Java has the face covered with dirty-white

pubescence, the rest of the head and thorax with blue;

but this coloured pubescence does not extend to the abdo-

men, which has sooty-black pubescence at its base; on

the rest of the abdomen and legs it is black. A small

example from China, a female, has the eyes more approxi-

mating, and the wings are fusco-hyaline, darkest beyond

270 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

the middle ; it may prove to be a distinct species. Length

nine to eleven lines; of the specimen from China, six and

a quarter. In this species the second submarginal cell is

frequently wanting. 2

Hab.—New Caledonia; China; India; Java; Singa-

pore; Celebes; New Guinea.

———~ 46. Xylocopa collaris.

Xylocopa collaris, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 189, ¢ ; Smith,

Cat Hym. Ins., Apidee, 11. 353 ;

Journ. Linn. Soe. iv. 8.

Xylocopa Dejeanii, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 209, ¢ ; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee, ii. 357 ;

Journ. Linn. Soc. iv. 8.

The sexes were forwarded from Siam by, M. Mouhot ;

the female has the head, thorax in front and at the sides

clothed with white pubescence ; the abdomen is black with

a blue tinge, the wings fuscous, with a violet iridescence.

The male has the face as high as the insertion of the

antenne, and the sides, a little above their insertion, white;

the pubescence on the cheeks, thorax above and at the

sides, and also the two basal segments of the abdomen, the

anterior legs, intermediate tarsi, and posterior tibiz outside,

clothed with griseous pubescence ; that on the disk of the

thorax usually has a slight fulvous tint; wings fusco-

hyaline, with a coppery iridescence.

Hab.—Java; India; Sumatra; Siam; - Borneo ;

Celebes.

47. Xylocopa auripennis.

Xylocopa auripennis, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 181, o, 2;

Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide,

i. 356.

Both sexes are black, more oblong and narrow than the

majority of the species; the head closely punctured; the

disk of the mesothorax shining and impunctate ; abdomen

shining, not very closely punctured ; the pubescence black.

The male has the posterior femora incrassate and sub-

dentate ; the wings are splendidly iridescent; purple at the

base; the anterior wings have a golden lustre towards

their apex, ard tints of green adorn them in certain lights ;

length of the species ten to twelve lines,

Hab.—Caleutta ; China.

Genus. Xylocopa. 271

*48. Xylocopa rufescens.

Female.—Rufo-fuscous; the head and thorax in some

examples inclining to black or dark-brown; the abdomen

varying in depth of colour; the pubescence rufo-fulvous ;

that on the legs and at the apex of the abdomen being

bright rufo-fulvous ; the antennz ferruginous, sometimes

more or less fuscous above; the wings fulvo-hyaline, palest

at their posterior margins, the nervures rufo-testaceous,

the teguliz of a deeper tint of the same colour; some speci-

mens have more or less of a narrow pale fulvous fringe on

the apical margins of the segments of the abdomen, these

are only observable in very fine specimens; the fourth,

fifth and sixth segments have a marginal fringe of long

rufo-fulvous pubescence. ‘The male closely resembles the

female, but the legs are more elongate, and the pubescence,

in the only example I have seen, is of a paler colour, parti-

cularly that which clothes the thorax above. Length of

both sexes 124—13 lines.

Hab.—India; Java.

49. Xylocopa basalis.

Xylocopa basalis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

ney

DOs ase

The sexes are similarly coloured; they are black, with

dark-brown wings having a purple iridescence; the base of

the wings, to about one-third of their length, clear hyaline.

Length six and a half to eight lines.

Hab.—Northern India.

50. Xylocopa perversa.

Xylocopa perversa, Wied. Analec. Entom. ex Museo

Hafniz maxime congesta(1824),

Bull. des Science. Nat. Géolo.

tom. x. p. 421, 6; Ritsema, ,

Tydschr. Entom. xvi. (1873),

pl. 10; fig. Foe

Xylocopa mesoxantha, St. Farg. Hym. 1. 199, 2,

nec 6; Smith, Cat. Hym.

Ins., Apide, i. 357.

Female.—Black, with the two basal segments of the

abdomen clothed with bright-yellow pubescence; wings

fusco-hyaline, with a coppery iridescence. The male is

black, with black pubescence; the thorax and abdomen

with two longitudinal yellow pubescent lines, which ex-

272 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

tend to the apex of the abdomen. Length of the female

six and a half lines; of the male six lines.

Hab.—J ava.

51. Xylocopa perforator.

Xylocopa perforator, Smith, Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc.

Viol, C5 oF

Allied to X. latipes and X. tenuiscapa, most so to the

latter species; the females present no striking specific

difference ; the species was established upon the differences

observable in the males; the anterior tarsi are dilated as in

X. tenuiscapa, but they are fringed with black pubescence,

and the second, third and fourth joints of the tarsi are of

equal length. I have only seen three males; they agree in

these particulars, but may possibly prove to be a variety of

X. tenuiscapa. Length of female fourteen lines; of the

male twelve.

Hab.—Ternate.

52. Xylocopa appendiculata.

Xylocopa appendiculata, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soe.

Lond. New Ser. u.. 41,

9, (1852).

The female is black; the thorax above and at the sides

with bright yellow pubescence ; on the face and thorax

beneath it is sooty-black; there is also a little yellow on

the hinder margin of the vertex; the abdomen shining,

and covered with shallow punctures; the sides and apex

fringed with black pubescence. The male is similarly

coloured ; it differs in having the yellow pubescence con-

tinued on to the basal segment of the abdomen ; the cely-

peus or spot at the base of the mandibles, the scape of the

antenne in front, and the flagellum beyond the second

joint beneath, yellowish-white ; the eyes are large and

approximating ; the anterior and intermediate tarsi with -

rufo-fulvous pubescence; the posterior tibiz have at their

apex a projecting somewhat quadrate appendage; the

wings in both sexes are fuscous, not dark, and have a

purple and coppery iridescence. Length nine to ten lines.

Hab.— Ning-po-foo (China).

This species closely resembles X. circumvolans of Ja-

pan, of which it may be a variety; it differs from it in

having pale pubescence on its tarsi, and in not having any

yellow pubescence on the abdomen.

Genus Xylocopa. 273

C 53. Xylocopa circumvolans.

Xylocopa circumvolans, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.

(1873), 205, é, 2.

Female black; the pubescence black ; that on the thorax

above only being fulvous-yellow ; wings dark brown, palest

towards the base, and with a blue and violet iridescence in

certain lights; abdomen shining and rather finely punc-

tured; head more strongly punctured, closely so only on

the face, which has a thin covering of sooty-black pubes-

cence. The male is of the same colour as the female, but

the wings are of a lighter colour; the clypeus, scape of the

antennz, and a minute spot at the base of the mandibles,

yellowish-white. Length of the female ten and a halt

lines ; that of the male the same.

Hab.—Hiogo (Japan).

—

— 54. Xylocopa estuans.

Apis estuans, Linn. Syst. Nat. 1. 961, 9; Fabr. Ent.

Syst. ii. 323.

Apis leucothorax, De Geer, Mém. ii. 573, pl. 28, f. 7.

Bombus estuans, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 351.

Xylocopa estuans, St. Farg. Hym. i. 193, 3, 2;

Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee,

ii. 353.

Xylocopa verticalis, Smith, Journ. Linn. Soc. i. 48, ¢,

nec St. Farg.

The female is black, the pubescence black, except that

on the thorax above, which is yellow, and does not extend

beneath the wings; the wings black-brown, with bright

purple iridescence at the basal portion, beyond which it

has a greenish tinge. The male is clothed with yellow

pubescence; on the abdomen it has a greenish or oliva-

ceous tinge; on the legs it is greenish-yellow, on the inter-

mediate and posterior tarsi it is black, with a mixture of

yellow outside; the abdomen has some black pubescence

at the sides towards the apex; the wings fusco-hyaline,

darkest in the marginal cell, with a purple iridescence in

certain lights. Female, length eight to ten lines; of the

male eight to nine lines.

Hab.—India; China; Borneo; Java; Bali Island;

Sumatra; Celebes; Aru; Timor; Palestine; Aden.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (APR.) T

274 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

55. Xylocopa verticalis.

Xylocopa verticalis, St. Farg. Hym. 1. 195, ¢, 6

The female has much general resemblance to_X. estuans,

but the yellow on the thorax extends down the sides,

beneath the wings, and the posterior margin of the vertex

is fringed with yellow hairs; there is also a little on the

cheeks. The male I have not seen, but it is described as

having the labrum, the margin of the clypeus, and a spot

at the base of the clypeus, testaceous ; the thorax and

abdomen clothed with olive-yellow pubescence; beneath,

mixed with black; the legs with reddish-yellow pubes-

cence. Length of the female twelve lines; the male rather

shorter.

Hab,—India.

56. Xylocopa unicolor.

Xylocopa unicolor, Smith, Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc.

Aoel. v¥. 135; 65-9:

The female is totally black, except the underside of the

antennee beyond the third joint, which is pale fulvous; the

metathorax is sharply truncate; the sides of the thorax,

above, are densely clothed with short black pubescence,

the disk smooth and shining ; the wings dark brown, with

a purple iridescence. The male is clothed with yellowish-

olive pubescence, darkest on the abdomen, the sides to-

wards the apex are fringed with black; the tibie and tarsi

have a fulvous pubescence ; the posterior tibize yellow out-

side; the antennz in front, and the clypeus yellow, with

two black spots at the base; wings fulvo-hyaline and iri-

descent. Length of the female nine lines; that of the male

eight.

Hab.— Amboyna; Ceram; Bouru.

This species is remarkable in always, apparently, having

the second submarginal cell obsolete; it has been received.

from three localities. I have examined two males and ten

females.

57. Xylocopa provida.

Aylocopa provida, Smith, Journ. Proe. Linn. Soc. vii.

48,3, 2.

The female is black, has griseous pubescence on the

face, and the thorax is covered posteriorly with bright

Genus Xylocopa. OS

yellow pubescence ; the wings fuseo-hyaline. Length eight

and a half lines.

The male clothed with reddish-yellow pubescence; the

anterior legs elongate, the tarsi with a long pale fringe

behind ; the posterior legs with black pubescence within ;

wings subhyaline, with a bright coppery iridescence.

Length ten lines.

Hab.—Mysol; Waigiou; N. India.

58. Xylocopa pictifrons.

Xylocopa pictifrons, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.,

New Ser. ii. 42, , 2 (1852).

The female is black, clothed with black pubescence, and

shining; the head closely punctured; the thorax more

finely and sparingly so, and rounded behind; wings fusco-

hyaline towards the base, darker beyond the enclosed cells,

and also in the marginal and submarginal cells; with a

golden iridescence towards the base, and purplish towards

the apex. The male is clothed with fulvous-yellow pubes-

cence, and has a longitudinal, obscure, darkish line on the

thorax and abdomen ; on the face a line of black pubes-

cence; a broad yellow stripe on each side of the face,

which extends to the hinder margin of the vertex. Length

of the female, which is narrower than the species of the

genus usually are, ten lines; of the male nine lines.

Hab.—North China; Java.

59. Xylocopa bryorum.

Apis bryorum, Fabr. Ent. Syst. i. 321, 6.

Bombus bryorum, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 348.

Xylocopa dimidiata, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 199, 2.

This species very closely resembles X. estuans, in both

sexes ; the female differs m having the head clothed with

cinereous pubescence, and the abdomen has sometimes,

but rarely, a little yellow pubescence in the middle of the

base, this is usually abraded; the wings are a degree

lighter than in X. @stwans, the male scarcely differs from

it; it is usually rather larger than any specimens of

X. estuans male, the posterior tibize are more incrassate,

and the pubescence on the tarsi is more ferruginous; the

species is also a degree larger.

Fab.— Australia.

T 2

276 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

60. Xylocopa indica.

Xylocopa indica, Klug, Mag. der Gesell. Nat. fiir zu

Berlin, 264 (1807) (var. X. fenes-

trata ?)

Black ; the pubescence black ; the wings violaceous, with

some hyaline lines between the nervures at their base more

or less observable. _ Length about ten lines.

Hab.— Tranquebar.

Klug does not indicate the sex of this species, but there

can be little doubt of his description applying to a male ;

he indicates the difference between his species and the

X. fenestrata to be the absence of a minute ovate impres-

sion at the basal, lateral margin of the third segment of

the abdomen, which is covered with golden tomentum, or

down; this minute spiracular impression is to be distin-

guished in many species, but appears to be most observable

in X,. fenestrata; in a series, however, of the latter, it

will be found to be frequently denuded of the golden down,

and such examples I believe must be referred to Klug’s

X, indica.

61. Xylocopa lunata.

Xylocopa lunata, Klug, Mag. der Gesell. Nat. fiir zu

Berlin (1807), 264, tab. vil. fig.

2, 2.

Black, the pubescence black, the wings violaceous ; the

posterior pair with a large hyaline semi-lunate spot.

Length nine and a half lines.

Hab,—'Tranquebar.

*62. Xylocopa ignita.

_ Female.—One of the smallest species of the genus; it

is black, the head semi-opaque, the thorax and abdomen

shining; the head closely punctured ; a sharp carina in

front of the anterior ocellus; the thorax finely punctured,

the mesothorax having a shining impunctate space on its

disk; the metathorax rounded ; the abdomen evenly and

rather more strongly punctured. On the clypeus is a short

pubescence consisting of a mixture of griseous and black ;

on the legs, sides of the thorax, and the fringe of the

abdomen, it is black; at the extreme apex of the latter

Genus Xylocopa. 277

there is a little ferruginous pubescence ; wings dark brown,

with vivid purple iridescence. Length six lines.

Hab.—Bombay ; Canara; Tarancore.

63. Xylocopa flavo-nigrescens.

Xylocopa flavo-nigrescens, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apidee, 11. 354, ¢.

This insect is unique in the British Museum ; no second

specimen has fallen under my notice. Itis black ; the front

of the head, the thorax, and tegulx of the wings, and also

the base of the abdomen, are clothed with bright yellow

pubescence; the anterior and intermediate tarsi have a

long fringe behind, of the same colour; the rest of the

abdomen has an olive pubescence, which deepens gradually

into black at the apex of the abdomen; at the base of the

fourth and fifth segments are narrow bands of bright yellow

pubescence, and there is a little white in the middle of the

base of the seventh ; the legs have black pubescence ; wings

brown, with purple iridescence. Length 11 lines.

Hab.—Silhet.

64. Xylocopa acutipennis.

Xylocopa acutipennis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee, ii.

305, 6.

This male is black; the clypeus, scape in front, and a

minute spot at the base of the mandibles, yellow; the an-

terior tibiz and tarsi thickly clothed above with pale ful-

vous pubescence, the intermediate and posterior tarsi

fringed with ferruginous; the thorax has, anteriorly, a

little pale-fulvous pubescence intermixed with the black;

wings pale brown, with a purple iridescence ; the head

small, the eyes large, the apex of the abdomen with a tuft

of long brownish-black pubescence ; the wings pointed at

their apex. Length 10 lines.

Hab.—Sihet.

*65. Xylocopa pictipennis.

Female.—Entirely black; head closely punctured and

semi-opaque ; thorax above finely punctured, with the

disk impunctate and shining; abdomen punctured, the

basal segment finely and distantly so; the middle of the

apical margins narrowly impunctate ; the sides fringed

278 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

with thick black pubescence ; the thorax rounded behind ; _

wings brown-black, with a splendid purple iridescence, and

tinged with bright blue, and green tints, at their base.

Length one inch.

Hab.—Java.

66. Xylocopa phalothorax.

Xylocopa phalothoraz, St. Farg. Hym. u. 194, ¢ ;

Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, i. 363.

This very distinct species is black, and its pubescence

also black ; that on the vertex of the head, on the thorax

above, also down the sides of the thorax anteriorly, is

white ; wings brown, with a violet iridescence. Length

10 lines. -

Hab.—Sumatra.

*67. Xylocopa sonorina.

Female.—Black ; head and thorax closely and mode-

rately punctured; the mesothorax smooth, impunctate

and shining on the disk; metathorax rounded behind;

abdomen shining, rather finely punctured, most closely so

at the sides above; the pubescence entirely black, except

that on the anterior tarsi beneath, which is ferruginous ;

the claws of the tarsi ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline,

with a darker cloud beyond the enclosed cells, and adorned

with a bright purple and coppery iridescence. Length

ten to eleven lines.

Hab.— Sunda Islands.

68. Xylocopa volatilis.

Xylocopa volatilis, Smith, Journ. Proc. Linn. Soe. vi.

ae oe

Clothed with yellow pubescence; that on the abdomen

has a greenish tinge; on the tarsi it is fulvous; on the

margins of the abdomen. and on the posterior tarsi it is

ferruginous ; wings fusco-hyaline, their apical margins

beyond the enclosed cells darker, with a coppery and

violet: iridescence; the antennze beneath, the anterior

margin of the clypeus, and a line down its centre, as well

as a spot at the base of the mandibles, reddish-yellow.

Hab.— Celebes (Menado). asc

Genus Xylocopa. 279

69. Xylocopa diversipes.

Xylocopa diversipes, Smith, Journ. Proc. Linn. Soe.

vi. 61, &.

Black ; the head, thorax, base of the abdomen, and the

anterior and intermediate legs, clothed with fulvous pubes-

cence ; on the intermediate tarsi it is very long and rufo-

fulvous; the abdomen fringed with black pubescence,

that on the apical segment being ferruginous; the clypeus,

the scape in front, and flagellum beneath, yellow; the

wings subhyaline, the iridescence violet and purple, the

nervures ferruginous. Length twelve lines.

Hab.—Celebes.

*70. Xylocopa nigro-cerulea.

Female.—The head, thorax, and legs, black ; the abdo-

men obscure blue-black; the flagellum of the antennz

beneath, except the first and second joints, testaceous

The head strongly punctured; the thorax punctured and

rounded behind; clothed anteriorly, at the sides and

beneath, with black pubescence; the claw-joint of the

tarsi rufo-piceous; wings brown, not dark, with bright

coppery iridescence. Abdomen evenly and rather finely

punctured; fringed towards the apex at the sides with

black pubescence. Length ten lines.

Hab.—Celebes; Tondano.

71. Xylocopa nobilis.

Xylocopa nobilis, Smith, Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Zool.

TV. 85. Fs

Black; the anterior and posterior margin of the thorax

narrowly edged with bright yellow pubescence; the basal

segment of the abdomen covered with the same; the three

apical segments clothed with ferruginous pubescence, the

second and third margined with the same; wings dark

brown-black, with a bright effulgence of green and copper

towards the base and of purple beyond the enclosed cells.

Length eleven and a half lines.

Hab.—Celebes.

72. Xylocopa coronata.

Xylocopa corenata, Smith, Journ. Proc. Linn. Soe.

Leole Vi Ian es

Black, and clothed with black pubescence; the disk of

the thorax and the abdomen above smooth and shining;

al 20H = tok

oe sO weg ea

- = rie os

4 . 3 jek .

280 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

the face has a mixture of yellow and griseous pubescence ;

that on the vertex and behind the eyes is short, dense, and

of a bright yellow; wings dark brown, with a bright purple

inidescence. Length nine and a half lines.

Hab.—Island of Kaisa (Eastern Archipelago).

73. Xylocopa insularis.

Xylocopa insularis, Smith, Journ. Proc. Linn. Soe. ii.

48, 6.

Black; the head and thorax clothed with rufo-fulvous

pubescence; the disk of the thorax smooth and shining ;

the eyes large and approximating at the vertex; the an-

terior wings pointed at their apex, brown, and having a

coppery and violet iridescence. Abdomen shining and

punctured; the basal and lateral margins with a thick

fringe of black pubescence; the apical margins of the

seoments depressed and slightly rufo-piceous.

Hab.—Borneo.

74. Xylocopa Philippinensis.

Xylocopa Philippinensis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, ii. 357, 2.

Black; the pubescence black, except a little on each

side of the thorax posteriorly, and that on the basal seg-

ment of the abdomen, which is yellow; wings brown, with

a purple iridescence; the thorax truncate and sharply

margined behind. Length one inch.

Hab,— Philippine Islands.

*75. Xylocopa bombiformis.

Female.—The thorax, legs, and sides of the abdomen,

densely covered with black pubescence ; that on the thorax

is short, giving it a velvety texture; the metathorax trun-

cate and sharply margined; the front of the head densely

and strongly punctured; behind the eyes it is smooth,

shining, and almost impunctate; the abdomen closely

punctured; the basal seement covered with short, dense

black pubescence ; the entire abdomen has a thin, short

pubescence; wings brown, not dark, and palest towards

their base, and having a fine purple iridescence, tinged’

path green towards their apex. Length eleven to twelve

nes.

_Hab.—Philippines.

Genus Xylocopa. 281

76. Xylocopa rufipes.

Xylocopa rufipes, Smith, Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond. New

ber. is 42, 9: Catt: bym. ines

Apide, ii. 356.

This species is black, the thorax above and at the sides

is clothed with ochraceous pubescence, there is also a little

on the first and second segment of the abdomen; the inter-

mediate and posterior tarsi are covered with bright rufo-

fulvous pubescence ; the wings hyaline and clouded beyond

the enclosed cells ; beneath, the segments are fringed with

ferruginous hairs; length nine lines.

Hab.— North China.

77. Xylocopa simillima.

Xylocopa simillima, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

357, 2.

This species has the appearance of being a small race of

the common X. frontalis of Brazil; both are black and

have the three basal segments ferruginous, with their

apical margins black; but the Australian bee has no

frontal ridge before the two posterior ocelli, and it is only

ten lines in length, whereas X. frontalis is at least four-

teen.

Hab.— Australia.

It is possible that the locality of this bee is incorrect.

There are two specimens in the British Museum ; one pur-

chased at a sale, the other, an old specimen, is, I believe,

from Dr. Leach’s collection.

SPECIES OF SouTH AMERICA, BRAZIL, AND THE WEST

; Inp1a IsLanps.

78. Xylocopa grossa.

Centris grossa, Drury, Illus. Exot. Ent. i. 108, pl. 45,

fron 5-2

Apis tricolor, Kirby, Mon. Apum Angl. ii. 310, pl.

U7 ne: 9.

Xylocopa tricolor, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 185.

Xylocopa grossa, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidae, ii.

361.

_ The colour varying in different lights to purple, green,

or blue; shining, finely and distantly punctured; the

282. Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

pubescence black, and only found on the cheeks, legs,

and sides of the abdomen; the legs are blue, the abdomen

brilliant violet beneath; wings fusco-hyaline, with a faint

violet tinge towards their apex. The male closely re-

sembles the other sex; the eyes very large and nearly

uniting on the vertex; the clypeus and the face on each.

side of it yellowish-white.

Hab.—Jamaica; Antilles (West Indies).

79. Xylocopa viridis.

Xylocopa viridis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidae, ii.

360.6.

The male is green, the abdomen having.a blue tinge;

the labrum, clypeus, inner orbits of the eyes, a line on the

mandibles, and the basal joint of the antennz in front,

yellowish-white ; the pubescence on the thorax, above, pale

fulvous; that on the entire insect beneath is nearly white ;

the anterior femora and tibize beneath, the apical joints of

the anterior tarsi, and all the claw-joints, rufo-piceous ;

wings subhyaline, with the nervures ferruginous. The

apical margins of the segments of the abdomen with a

narrow fringe of white pubescence, slightly interrupted in

the middle; the apical segment fringed with black pubes-

cence. The female closely resembles the male, the pos-

terior legs haying the usual brush of hairs, white outside,

black within, and tipped with ferruginous at the apex

beneath; there is also a little ferruginous pubescence at

the extreme apex of the abdomen, and on each side of it

is a fringe of black hairs; the apical margins of the second

and following segments bave a narrow white marginal

fringe, more or less interrupted in the middle. Length of

the sexes seven lines.

Hab.—St. Paulo; Santarem (Brazil).

80. Xylocopa barbata.

AXylocopa barbata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 141, 2; St. Farg.

Hym. ii. 190; Smith, Cat. Hym.

Ins., Apide, ii. 361.

Black, with a violet tinge; the cheeks covered with

white pubescence; the face has also a little white pubes-

cence; the two apical segments of the abdomen fringed

with white; the wings dark brown, with a purple and

violet iridescence. The male is of a brighter blue or

Genus Xylocopa. 283

violet colour; the eyes very large, meeting on the vertex;

the labrum and clypeus whitish ; the wings are of lighter

colour. Length five to six lines.

Hab.—S. America; Cayenne; Brazil; Mexico.

81. Xylocopa Brasilianorum.

Apis Brasilianorum, Linn. Syst. Nat. 961, ¢; Fabr.

Ent. Syst. ii. 323.

AXylocopa Brasilianorum, Latr. Ins. iii. 380; Fabr.

Syst. Piez. 340; St. Farg.

Hym. u. 201; Guild.

Trans. Jinn. Soc. xiv.

315, tab. 8, fig. 1 2,

5S.

Xylocopa chrysoptera, Latr.. Obs. Zool. Humb. &

Bonp. 11. 93, 2, pl. 38, f. 1.

Xylocopa teredo, Guild. Trans. Linn. Soe. xiv. 313,

Tab. vii. fig. 1 29,5 3; Westw.

Nat. Libr. (Jardine), Entom. vi.

268, pl. 21, fig. 1 $,.2 2; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidae, ii. 360.

That the male is the Apis Brasilianorum of Linneus I

have no doubt whatever; it in every respect agrees with

the description in the “* Systema Natura,” which is fortu-

nately more ample than is usual in the descriptions of the

species of the genus Apis. Lansdowne Guilding referred

the insect to the Linnean species, with a doubt; but after

an examination of a large number of fulvous-coloured

males of different species of the genus, I feel satisfied of

this being the Linnean one. ‘The female I do not think

can be the X. morio of Fabricius, who describes the wings

as “ Alis cyaneis;” he also adds in “ Mus. Dom. Banks,”

the specimen must have been lost in some way, as it was

not in that collection when it came into the possession of

the British Museum. The female of X. Brasilianorum

has the wings, as described by Prof. Westwood, of “a

brassy hue with purple reflections;” it is broad, black,

shining, and has the head almost as wide as the thorax ;

the abdomen fringed with black pubescence ; the thorax is

rounded posteriorly, as is the case in all the South Ameri-

can species that I have seen. Length thirteen lines. ‘The

male is of a fulvous-yellow ; the clypeus, and front of the

scape of the antennz, more or less yellow; the apical mar-

284 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

gins of the segments of the abdomen are more or less

fuscous; the coxe and femora nigro-piceous, the apex of

the latter being fulvous; the anterior femora nigro-piceous

behind. Length ten lines.

Hab.—Brazil; Cayenne; S. America; Peru.

= 82. Xylocopa frontalis.

Apis frontalis, Oliv. Ency. Méth. iv. 64, @.

Xylocopa frontalis, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 340; St. Farg.

Hym. u. 175, 2; Smith, Cat.

Hym. Ins., Apidae, ii, 359.

Xylocopa morio, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 338 ?

Xylocopa fasciata, St. Farg. Hym. i. 202 ¢.

The female is black, and has an elevation in front of

each of the posterior ocelli, exactly Jike those on the ver-

tex of X. morio, from which species it only differs in

having the first three or four segments of the abdomen

ferruginous, with their apical margins more or less broadly

black. I believe this insect to be a variety of X. morio.

The male is of a fulvous-yellow, its antennze being only

slightly fuscous above towards their base; the first seg-

ment of the abdomen is narrowly bordered with black ;

the rest of the segments very broadly so, having only a

narrow line of yellow at their basal margins; the wings

are flavo-hyaline, the nervures dark ferruginous. Length

of male fourteen lines ; of female fifteen to sixteen lines.

The sexes are united on the authority of Mr. Dyson, who

sent them from Venezuela with the indication of their

affinity.

Hab.—Venezuela; Brazil; Cayenne.

' 83. Xylocopa fimbriata.

Xylocopa fimbriata, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 340, 2 ; Schomb.

Faun. Flo. Brit. Guiana, 111.591;

St. Farg. Hym. ui. 177; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 359.

Xylocopa corniger, Westw. Nat. Libr. Entom. vi. 270,

pl. 21, fig--3, 9:

Xylocopa cornuta, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 176, 2.

Xylocopa Cajenne, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 203, ¢; La

Sagra’s Hist. L’Ile de Cuba,

776.

There can be no doubt of this species being identical.

Genus Xylocopa. 285

with the two I have given as synonyms; the original

description is, I think, conclusive; the affinity of the species

to that of X. frontalis, the elevation of the lateral frontal

ridges, are clearly pointed out by Fabricius.

The female is a large black insect that has a ridge on

the vertex of the head; it is widely interrupted in the

middle, and is more or less elevated laterally, forming

tubercles or horns; they vary greatly in their elevation,

but are always outside the posterior ocelli; in X. frontalis

they are in front of them. I have compared the male with

St. Fargeau’s type; its pubescence is of a fulvous-red, but

old examples lose this brightness and become tawny-yel-

low; the antennz are slightly fuscous above, the anterior

femora above, and the intermediate and posterior pairs, are

entirely pitchy-black; the apex of the abdomen is densely

covered with long rufo-fulvous pubescence; wings flavo-

hyaline, slightly fuscous towards their apical margins.

Length of the female thirteen to fourteen lines; of the

male twelve lines.

Hab.—S. America; Cayenne; Brazil; Demerara;

Mexico; Barbadoes.

84. Xylocopa morio.

Apis morio, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 11. 315, ¢.

Xylocopa morio, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 338; Latr. Ins. iu.

380; Halid. Trans. Linn. Soe.

xvil. 319; Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, i. 359.

Xylocopa nitens, St. Farg. Hym. 1. 176, ¢.

A large black species, its pubescence black; shining, with

the thorax in the middle, above, and the base of the abdomen,

impunctate ; the head closely punctured, with an elevation

in front of each of the posterior ocelli; the anterior angles

of the clypeus subtuberculate ; the sides of the face pu-

bescent; wings dark brown, with a bright green and violet

iridescence. Length 16 lines.

Hab.—Amazons; Nicaragua; Demarara; Mexico,

&—~ 85, Xylocopa eneipennis.

Xylocopa eneipennis, De Geer, Mém. iti. 573, pl. 28,

fig. 8, 2; St. Farg. Hym. u.

186; Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.;

Apidee, 11. 360.

Black: the pubescence black; the disk of the thorax;

2386 Myr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

and the scutellum, shining and impunctate ; the abdomen

thinly covered with short pubescence, the lateral margins

being thickly fringed; the wings subhyaline, and having

a brilliant coppery lustre, the apical margins with a violet

tinge. Length ten to eleven lines.

_ Hab.—Cayenne; Parana; Mexico.

86. Xylocopa grisescens.

Xylocopa grisescens, St. Farg. Hym. i. 178, ¢.

This is a large conspicuous insect; it is black, with the

thorax above and a portion beneath the wings covered with

dense griseous pubescence; there is also a little on the hinder

margin of the vertex; from the disk of the mesothorax it

is usually more or less abraded, leaving a smooth shining

space; wings dark brown, with green and violet irides-

cence. Length thirteen to fifteen lmes.

Hab.— Brazil.

This species may possibly be the Xylocopa lanigera ot

the Hoffmanseggian Collection ; I have received it as such,

but I cannot ascertain that it has ever been described under

that name.

87. Xylocopa aurulenta.

Bombus aurulentus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 351, 2.

Xylocopa.aurulenta, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 192; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 361.

Black: the thorax clothed above with fulvous pubes-

cence; the disk of the thorax shining and impunctate;

the wings fusco-hyaline, with a bright coppery iridescence,

tinted with violet at their apex. Length seven to eight:

lines.

Hab.—South America; Cayenne; Brazil.

—~ 88. Xylocopa August.

Xylocopa Augusti, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 187, 2; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, 11. 360.

This conspicuous insect is black, its pubescence black,

except the fringe of the abdomen, which is ferruginous;

the abdomen beneath is dark rufo-piceous, with the apical

margins of the segments paler; the wings brown, with a

bright gold and violet iridescence. Length eleven lines.

Hab.—Brazil; South America (Rio Grande).

Genus Xylocopa. 287

89. Xylocopa colona.

Xylocopa colona, St. Farge. Hym. ii. 185, 9 ; Smith,

' Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 358.

A small black species, with fusco-hyaline wings, which

have a brilliant golden iridescence, and with slight violet

tints, observable in certain lights; the carina, in front of

the anterior ocellus, terminates in a small tubercle between

the antenne ; the sides of the thorax and abdomen densely

covered with black pubescence; the disk of the thorax im-

punctate and shining; the abdomen finely punctured.

Length nine lines.

Hab.—Cayenne ; Brazil; Barbadoes.

‘= 90. Xylocopa carbonaria.

Aylocopa carbonaria, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

308, 2.

A small black species; the flagellum of the antennz

piceous beneath; the margins of the clypeus elevated

laterally ; a raised carina in front of the anterior ocellus ;

head closely punctured ; the face pubescent on each side ;

the thorax punctured, and pubescent, with a triangular

smooth, shining and impunctate space on the disk; ab-

domen punctured, and thinly covered with a short black

pubescence, the sides with a longer fringe; wings dark

brown, with a bright violet iridescence. Length eight

lines.

Hab.— Tapajos.

91. Xylocopa dimidiata.

Xylocopa dimidiata, Latr. Obs. Zool. (Humb. &

Bonp.) u. 95, ?, pl. xxxviil.

fie. 2529.

Black and shining, with the thorax behind, and the ab-

domen above, more or less green, and tinted with violet in

the middle of the segments; the wings are blue, tinted

with violet. Length nine and a half lines.

Hab=—South America; Ega.

92. Xylocopa macrops.

Xylocopa macrops, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 209, ¢; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidae, i. 359.

Black: the labrum and clypeus white; the thorax has

a violet tint, the scutellum ciliated with white pubescence ;

288 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

the abdomen is obscurely tinted with green; the first seg-

ment with black pubescence, and with a band of white in

the middle; beneath violet, with a testaceous spot on each

side of the intermediate segments of a triangular shape;

wings fusco-hyaline, with a faint violet iridescence. Length

nine lines.

This is a species I have not seen.

Hab.—Brazil.

93. Xylocopa pulchra.

Xylocopa pulchra, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii.

361, 2.

This small and well-marked species has the head,

thorax and legs black; the flagellum of the antenne,

except the first and second joint, fulvous beneath ; disk of

the thorax shining and impunctate; wings fulvo-hyaline,

the nervures ferruginous; the posterior tarsi have the

pubescence within of a mixture of black and ferruginous ;

outside it is nearly white, except at the apex, which is

black; the abdomen is shining and finely punctured, the

second and following segments have a broad fascia, inter-

rupted in the middle, of ochreous pubescence. Length

six and a half lines.

Hab.—Rio Janeiro.

94. Xylocopa splendidula.

Xylocopa splendidula, St. Farg. Hym. i. 190, 2 ;

Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins,

Apide, 11. 360.

A small species of a nigro-violaceous colour; the pubes-

cence black; the antennz testaceous beneath, except the

three basal segments ; the wings subhyaline, with a green

and violet iridescence. Length seven lines.

Hab.—Brazil; Nicaragua.

95. Xylocopa virescens.

Xylocopa virescens, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 186, 2; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, i. 362.

Female.—Entirely black, with the pubescence black ;

the flagellum of the antenne, except the basal joints,

pitchy ; wings brown-black, with a violet tint, and having

a shining green iridescence. Length thirteen lines.

Hab.—Cayenne.

~ Mees

Genus Xylocona, 289

*96. Xylocopa anthophoroides.

Female.— Head and thorax black, the abdomen black,

with a faint purple or violet tinge ; the head has a fulyous

pubescence on the vertex, on the face it inclines to gri-

seous, it is also griseous on the cheeks. The thorax is

clothed above with fulvous pubescence; beneath and at

the sides, as well as on the coxz and femora beneath, it is

griseous; on the tarsi beneath the pubescence is ferru-

ginous, as it is also on the apical portion of the posterior

pair above, otherwise the legs have a griseous pubescence;

the apical joints of the tarsi ferruginous ; the wings fulyo-

hyaline, their apical margins slightly clouded, the nervures

ferruginous. Abdomen: the two basal segments thinly

covered with short, pale-fulvous pubescence, the apical

margins of the segments fringed with cinereous pubes-

cence, as are also the two apical segments at the sides;

the extreme apex with a tuft of ferruginous pubescence ;

all the segments beneath are narrowly rufo-testaceous, and

are fringed with cinereous pubescence. Length six and a

half lines.

Hab.—St. Paulo (Brazil); Mexico,

97. Xylocopa artifex.

Female.—Black, with black pubescence; that on the

head being thinly scattered on the face and cheeks; an

impressed line in front of the anterior ocellus, which

terminates at a short raised line between the antenne ;

the disk of the thorax and the scutellum smooth and

shining; the claws only, not the claw-joint, ferruginous ;

the wings fusco-hyaline, and having a brilliant coppery

iridescence, their apical portion tinted with violet; the

abdomen is thinly covered with short black pubescence,

its sides and apex being thickly fringed. Length seven

lines.

Hab.—South Brazil.

This species is in every respect coloured the same as

X. eneipennis, the wings being also of the same colour.

St. Fargeau gives the variation of that species in length

to be from six to ten lines, a difference not approached by

any other species; the individuals measuring six lines

were probably the present species. In one particular

X. artifex differs from all examples which I refer to

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART II. (APR. ) U

a pk pee

a Sree

ah (ts

Fam

290 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the. .

X. eneipennis: its head is longer than broad, in the other -

species it is broader than long.

98. Xylocopa lucida.

Female.—Shining blue; finely but distantly punctured ;

on the vertex of the head, the disk of the thorax, and on

the three first segments of the abdomen, are tints of violet ;

a little snow-white pubescence on the anterior margin of

the clypeus; the wings fuscous, and with a violet indes-

cence; the apex of the abdomen fringed with black

pubescence and a short white fringe on each side of it.

Length eight lines.

Hab.— Para.

This unique example is from the private collection of

Mr. H. W. Bates. This insect very closely resembles

the female of X. micans ; it may possibly be a variety of

it, but it differs as follows from that species: —'The deep

pit observable in micans on each side of the clypeus, not

upon it, is wanting; it has a snow-white tuft of hair on

the anterior margin of the clypeus; the mesothorax is

glassy smooth, and has only a few minute widely-scattered

punctures at the sides; the metathorax is destitute of

pubescence; the abdomen is much more finely punctured,

and the insect is of a bright blue, not obscure violet; the

wings are darker.

*99. Xylocopa ornata.

Female.—Head_ blue-black, with tints of violet on the

vertex and of green on the clypeus; the sides of the face

with griseous pubescence. Thorax obscure nigro-sneous

above, with violet tints on the disk, which is smooth and

shining; on the scutellum it is brassy; beneath green and

with griseous pubescence; the legs are nigro-piceous be-

neath, and tinted with green above; the pubescence on

the outside of the intermediate and posterior tibiz is

fulvous, within it is black; the wings subhyaline, and

with a coppery iridescence; the nervures rufo-piceous.

Abdomen of a shining brass colour, brightest towards the

apex; punctured, but the apical margins of the segments

are smooth and shining; the abdomen is covered with

short fulvous pubescence, and, towards the apex, the sides

are fringed with the same, Leneth seven lines.

Hab.—St, Paulo, . ;

Genus Xylocopa. 291

100. Xylocopa rotundiceps.

Female.—Entirely black, and with black pubescence,

which is dense on the face and cheeks, as it is also on the

thorax in front and on its sides; that on the legs is of the

same colour, but on the anterior tarsi beneath it is ferru-

ginous.. The head large, nearly as wide as the thorax,

the vertex broad and rounded laterally behind the eyes;

more strongly and closely punctured than the thorax,

which is impunctate on the disk and is rounded behind.

The abdomen shining, the basal segment with only a few

shallow, fine punctures; the two following segments

sparingly punctured in the middle, but the rest of the

abdomen much more closely and strongly punctured.

Length eleven lines.

Hab.—Brazil.

*101. Xylocopa similis.

Female.—Black; the thorax above, the sides, beneath

the wings, and the basal segment of the abdomen, clothed

with ferruginous pubescence; on the thorax beneath, and

all other parts of the insect, it is black; the disk of the

thorax smooth, shining, and impunctate ; the wings fusco-

hyaline, with bright-coppery iridescence, and tinged with

purple towards their apex. Length ten lines.

Hab.—Para.

This species greatly resembles X. aurulenta, and only

differs in having the ferruginous pubescence of the thorax

continued on to the first segment of the abdomen, and in

being two or three lines longer,

102. Xylocopa varians.

Female.—Dark blue, with changeable tints of green,

the latter colour predominating on the abdomen; the face

covered with short griseous pubescence, there is also a

little on the cheeks. The disk of the thorax is shining

and impunctate; behind the scutellum is a mixture of

eriseous and sooty-black pubescence ; on the tarsi beneath

the pubescence is fulvous, above it is of a silvery bright-

ness; on the posterior tarsi within it is black; the apical

joints of the tarsi ferruginous; the wings subhyaline, with

a coppery iridescence. Abdomen punctured, with the

apical margins of the segments narrowly impunctate ; the

sides of the abdomen fringed with black pubescence and

292 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

with a little that is ferruginous at the extreme apex;

beneath, the apical margins of the intermediate segments

are fringed laterally with white pubescence. Length

seven lines.

Hab.—South Brazil.

*103. Xylocopa metallica.

Female.— Head blue-black, the vertex bright blue, and

sparingly punctured; the cheeks with a purple tinge; the

labrum with a single blunt, shining tubercle. ‘Thorax

black, with a slight tint of blue and violet on the disk of

the mesothorax, which is smooth, shining, and impunc-

tate; the tegule, and anterior tibiz above, blue; wings

fuscous, with a purple iridescence. Abdomen: the two

basal segments metallic green; from thence to the apex of

the abdomen gradually changing into bright, burnished

copper; these segments have a fulvous pubescence, and

the sides are fringed with longer pubescence of the same

colour; beneath of a violet blue; the three apical segments

fringed with fulvous pubescence. Length nine lines.

Hab.—Para.

This unique specimen was formerly in the private col-

lection of Mr. H. W. Bates.

*104. Xylocopa ordinaria.

Female.—Black and closely punctured, the disk of the —

mesothorax impunctate. The tubercle between the an-

tenn slightly raised; the lateral margins of the clypeus

raised at its base; the antennz beneath, except the three

basal segments, obscurely testaceous; the wings dark

brown, and with blue and violet iridescence; the sides of

the abdomen, as well as its apex, thickly fringed with

black pubescence; at the extreme apex is a little that is

ferruginous ; beneath, covered with somewhat oblong

punctures, and with a central raised, sharp carina that

runs from the base to the apex. Length eleven lines.

Hab.—Brazil (Tejuca).

105. Xylocopa affinis.

Aylocopa affinis, St. Farg. Hym, ii. 210, ¢; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 361.

One of the smallest species of the genus. Head and

thorax black, the abdomen obscure violet, The labrum

Genus Xylocopa. 293

and the face below the antennz white; the pubescence on

the thorax and the extreme apex of the abdomen rufous;

as it is also on the margins of one or two of the apical

segments; the pubescence on the legs is of a mixture of

black and rufous. Length five lines.

Hab.—Cayenne.

106. Xylocopa fervens.

Xylocopa fervens, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 196, $; Smith,

Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide, ii. 359.

A large black species; the pubescence on the head and

thorax rufous; the anterior and intermediate legs have a

mixture of black and rufous pubescence. The basal seg-

ment of the abdomen and the cilia on the fifth and the

sixth segments are rufous; wings brown-black, with a

violet iridescence. Length fourteen lines.

Haub,—Cayenne.

St. Farg@eau gives the above locality, but I am inclined

to think he is wrong, and that the insect is a fine variety

of X. flavo-rufa from S. Africa.

107. Xylocopa erratica.

Male.—Black and punctured; the head and abdomen

closely so; the disk of the thorax impunctate, also a

narrow smooth line down the middle of the abdomen; the

pubescence griseous; on the body beneath, and on the legs

it is palest; on the posterior legs, above, it is black ; the

scape nigro-piceous in front; the flagellum, except the two |

basal joints, fulvous beneath; the clypeus, and a broad

line at the inner orbits of the eyes, which becomes narrower

at their snmmit, and then terminates in an ovate spot on

the vertex, yellow, a black line down the middle of the

clypeus; the wings subhyaline, with coppery iridescence,

and tinged with violet at their apex. Length seven lines.

Hab.—South Brazil.

*108. Xylocopa electa.

Female.—Head and thorax black, the abdomen nigro-

zeneous; the labrum with three small tubercles; a carina in

front of the anterior ocellus, and also a slightly raised one

from the posterior ocelli which runs to the margin of the

vertex. The disk of the thorax, and the scutellum, shining

and impunctate, or with only a few very fine distant punc-

294 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the :

tures; wings subhyaline, their apical margins with a fus-

cous cloud, and having a coppery iridescence. Abdomen

evenly and finely punctured above, with the apical margins

narrowly shining, impunctate, and _rufo-testaceous; the

apical segment fringed with black pubescence ; on the fifth

segment the fringe is white ; the ventral segments have a

little, white, marginal fringe on each side. Length six

lines.

Iab.— Venezuela.

109. Xylocopa nigro-cincta.

Xylocopa nigro-cincta, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apidee,

li. 354, @.

The head and thorax black; the abdomen ferruginous,

the apical margins of the segments with black fasciz ; the

apical segment black ; the sides ciliated with black pubes-

cence; beneath is a central longitudinal carina; the wings

fusco-ferruginous, with a splendid violet iridescence.

Length ten lines.

Hab.—South America.

110. Xylocopa viridigastra.

Xylocopa viridigastra, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 186, 2 ;

Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, ii. 362.

Head and thorax black, abdomen blue-black, with bright

' violet tints, observable in certain lights, the sides thinly

fringed with black pubescence ; the entire abdomen has a

thin, short pubescence ; the wings fuscous, with tints of

purple and violet iridescence. The male has the abdomen

more brightly coloured, having shades of purple and blue ;

the clypeus, the face on each side of it, and the scape in

front, yellow. Length nine to twelve lines.

fab.—Peru.

111. Xylocopa mordaz. -

Female.—Entirely black, and with black pubescence ;

that on the face and cheeks is long and dense; on the

thorax in front, and on the sides, it is short and velvety ;

the legs very pubescent, and the fringe on the sides and

apex of the abdomen is thick and tufted. The upper

margim of the clypeus elevated and shining; the labrum

Genus Xylocopa. 295

with three teeth, or tubercles; the flagellum of the an-

tennz beneath, beyond the second joint, is rufo-testaceous ;

the wings brown-black and adorned with a, brilliant purple .

iridescence ; the inferior margin of the posterior wings is

coppery 5 the abdomen finely punctured. Length eleven

ines. ;

Hab.—San Domingo; Island of Nevis (Lesser Antilles).

SPECIES OF NortH AMERICA.

C — 112. Xylocopa virginica.

Apis virginica, Drury, Illus. Exot. Ins. i. 96, pl. 43,

fig. 1,6; Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. 318, 15.

Bombus virginicus, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 346.

Xylocopa virginica, Westw. ed. Drury (1837), pl. 43,

fig. 1; Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins.,

Apide, 11. 362; Cresson, Hym.

Texana, 283.

Centris carolina, Faby. Syst. Piez. 357, ¢.

Xylocopa carolina, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 207, $, 2; Say,

Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. i. 412;

Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide,

i. 363.

The sexes of this species are similarly coloured; they

are black, the pubescence on the thorax and basal segment

of the abdomen above have a pale rufo-cinereous pubes-

cence; there is also a little on the anterior tarsi; the rest

of the pubescence is black; the male has the eyes large,

and approximating on the vertex; and has the clypeus,

and the face on each side of it, as high as the insertion of

the antenne, yellowish-white.

Hab.— United States; Florida; Carolina; Virginia ;

Texas; Cuba.

~~ 113. Xylocopa texana.

Xylocopa texana, Cresson, Hym. Texana, 283, 4, &.

This species resembles X. virginica, and is about the

same size, from nine to ten lines long; but it is of a blue,

or dark-green colour, varying in different specimens in that

respect; the head is black ; and faintly blue on the vertex ;

the thorax usually dark green, the abdomen dark green, or

olive. The pubescence of the female is pale ochraceous on

the thorax above, there is a little beneath the wings, also

on the basal segment of the abdomen, and on each side the

296 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

apical segment; the rest of the pubescence is black. In

the male, the pubescence of the head, thorax, and basal

segment of the abdomen, is ochraceous; on .the three

apical segments is a mixture of black and ochraceous

pubescence ; the labrum and clypeus yellowish-white, eyes

approximating on the vertex.

Hab.— Texas.

114. Xylocopa tabaniformis.

Xylocopa tabaniformis, Smith, Cat. Hym. Ins., Apide,

ii. 362, ¢.

Black.—The face and cheeks with short griseous pubes-

cence; the thorax clothed with hoary pubescence, inter-

mixed with sooty-black; the second, and three following

seoments have their apical margins bordered laterally with

ochraceous bands; the posterior tibiee, and the intermediate

and posterior tarsi, are clothed outwardly with ochraceous

pubescence ; wings subhyaline, slightly clouded at their

apex. The male closely resembles the female, but has the

clypeus and labrum yellow, and only the second and third

segments of the abdomen bordered with ochraceous pubes-

cence; the following segments are fringed with black.

Eight lines long.

Hab.— Mexico (Oajaca).

115. Xylocopa cyanea.

Male.—The head black ; the thorax, legs and abdomen

dark blue; the thorax exhibits, above, tints of green and

violet; the mesothorax has an oblong impunctate space on

the disk, its sides being closely and rather finely punctured ;

the abdomen finely and closely punctured. The labrum,

clypeus, and a triangular spot above it and uniting with

it, yellowish-white. The pubescence on all the tarsi,

beneath, is ferruginous; the anterior pair being fringed

with a mixture of fuscous and ferruginous pubescence ;

the wings are fusco-hyaline, and have a coppery irides-

cence. There is a little cinereous pubescence at the

sides of the thorax, and also on the front of the thorax

and the base of the abdomen, the apex of the latter being

densely covered with black pubescence. Length ten to

eleven lines.

Hab.— Mexico.

This insect I received from Dr. Sichel with the name

(“ cyanea, Sichel, n. s.”) attached; not having been able to

Genus Xylocopa. 297

ascertain whether the species has been described, I have

adopted the name, believing it to be a manuscript one.

C— 116. Xylocopa micans.

Xylocopa micans, St. Farg. Hym. ii. 208, ¢.

Xylocopa vidua, St. Farg. Hym. i. 210, ¢.

This species is readily distinguished ; the female is of a

dark blue-black, the abdomen usually having a violet or

purple tint ; the pubescence is black, except a thin fringe

on the thorax posteriorly of griseous pubescence ; a tuft of

white on each side of the basal segment of the abdomen,

and another on each side of the apical segments ; between

these the fringe is black; the wings subhyaline, with their

‘apex clouded. Length seven to eight lines.

The male is of a nigro-eneous colour, the abdomen

partaking of vivid tints of violet and blue in certain lights ;

the labrum, clypeus, the face on each side, and the scape

of the antenne in front, yellowish-white. The pubescence

on the thorax, basal segment of the abdomen, anterior

tibiz and tarsi, and the outside of the femora, rufo-ful-

vous; the intermediate tarsi are densely fringed with

black pubescence, the first joint having a patch of white.

The eyes large and approximating on the vertex. The

abdomen testaceous beneath. Having had an opportunity

of seeing the types of the sexes, I have united them as

constituting one species.

Hab.—Carolina; East Florida.

— 117. Xylocopa cubecola.

Xylocopa cubecula, Lucas, La Sagra’s Hist. Cuba,

7165. ple 19; fig.:85 2:

Xylocopa morio, Cresson (nec Fabr.), Hym. Cuba,

190, 3, 2.

The “ morio” of Fabricius is undoubtedly one of the

large species of the genus, the original description in the

*‘ Kntomologia Systematica” gives ‘‘ Magna, tota atra,”

and remarks on its close affinity to X. latipes. Cresson, I

believe, is in error in referring this small species to the

Fabrician one.

-The male of X. cubecola is fulvous, with the labrum,

clypeus, and antennz beneath, pale yellow ; between the

antennz, on the vertex posteriorly, and on the thorax, the

pubescence is fulvous; at the base of the abdomen it 1s

298 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the-

short and dense, and long and dense at its apex; the

apical margins of the segments are obscurely fuscous.

Length eight and a half lines.

Female entirely black, punctured, and shining; the

disk of the thorax and the scutellum sparingly punctate ;

the flagellum of the antennz, except the three basal joints,

testaceous beneath; wings fusco-hyaline, darkest at their

apex, and having a violet iridescence. Abdomen: the api-

cal segments fringed laterally with black pubescence; at

the extreme apex is a little ferruginous pubescence; this

would probably be frequently obliterated. Length eleven

lines. ;

Hab.—Cuba.

*118. Xylocopa orpifex.

Female.—Entirely black and closely punctured; the

frontal tuberele obsolete; the labrum with a single tooth,

and fringed with ferruginous hairs. The thorax pubes-

cent, and having a small impunctate space on the disk;

wings fusco-hyaline, with a darker cloud at their apical

margins. Abdomen finely but not closely punctured.

Length seven and a half lines.

Male.—Black, a spot on the mandibles and the face, as

high as the insertion of the antenne, pale yellow; the

front of the thorax with ochraceous pubescence; on the

thorax beneath the pubescence is paler. Abdomen finely

and sparingly punctured; wings as in the other sex.

Length seven and a half lines.

Hab.— California.

*119. Xylocopa loripes.

Male.—Blue-black, with violet and purple tints on the

thorax and abdomen; the pubescence black; the clypeus,

a space above it, the face at its sides, and also the abdo-

men beneath, yellow ; the wings fusco-hyaline, with a slight

violet iridescence ; the anterior and intermediate tibiz and

tarsi with a long fringe of black pubescence behind; the

posterior tibize curved, thickened, and deeply notched at

their apex ; the notch is a curved exterior excavation, and

terminates in a short spine; the first joint of the tarsi is

densely pubescent, and exteriorly forms a long floceus.

The sides of the abdomen are thickly fringed with pubes-

cence, forming a thick brush at the apex. The eyes very

Genus Xylocopa. 299

large, and almost uniting on the vertex. Length ten

lines.

Hab.—Mexico (Oajaca).

120. Xylocopa lateralis.

Xylocopa lateralis, Say, Bost. Journ. Nat. Hist. i.

413, ¢.

Obscurely violaceous ; the head black, the labrum, cly-

peus, and front of the scape of the antenne, white. The

abdomen with a lateral fringe of cinereous pubescence

which extends upwards on each side, becoming obsolete

towards the base. Length about nine lines,

Hab.— Mexico.

~—~ 121. Xylocopa purpurea.

Xylocopa purpurea, Cress. Hym. Texana, 284, ¢.

Black, with a purple reflection and with blue or green

tints in certain lights ; abdomen deep purple, the pubes-

cence black; the head punctured, but sparingly so on the

vertex ; an oblique indentation at the summit of the eyes ;

wings smoky, their apex dark. Abdomen punctured, most

closely so at the sides; the apex with black pubescence,

and having a tuft of white on each side. Length about

eight and a half lines.

fHab.— Texas.

*122, Xylocopa tenuata.

Female.—Dark blue, with shades of violet on the thorax

and abdomen; the disk of the thorax impunctate, other-

wise the thorax and head are closely punctured; the abdo-

men is more finely and distantly punctured; the three

apical segments have a green tint and are closely and

finely punctured ; wings fusco-hyaline, with a slight violet

iridescence. Length six and a half lines.

Hab.—Mexico.

*123. Xylocopa formosa.

Female.— Dark blue; on the vertex and on the disk of

the mesothorax are shades of violet, as there are also on

the legs and on the abdomen beneath ; the anterior cox

rufo-testaceous beneath. The head closely punctured,

300 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph of the

a smooth line down the middle of the clypeus. The entire

pubescence black, of which there is a tuft on each side of

the face; wings brown, with a violet iridescence and a faint

green tint at their apex; the thorax covered with short

pubescence. Abdomen closely punctured, and thinly ©

covered with short fine pubescence ; the apical segments

fringed laterally with long, loose, black hairs. Length

eight lines.

Hab.—Mexico.

-Note.—A * distinguishes the new species, the types of which are in the

collection of the British Museum.

INDEX. TO

acutipennis, 64

zeneipennis, 85

zestuans, 54

affinis, 105

africana, 15

albiceps, 34

albifrons, 29

albo-fasciata, 42

Amedzi, 39

angolensis, 30

anthophoroides, 96

apicalis, 35

appendiculata, 52

artifex, 97

Augusti, 88

auripennis, 47

aurulenta, 87

barbata, 80

basalis, 49

bombiformis, 75

Brasilianorum, 81

bryorum, 59

caffra, 16

Cajenne, 83

calens, 21

cantabrica, 4

capensis, 7

capitata, 7

carbonaria, 90

carinata, 33

carolina, 112

chrysoptera, 81

cireumyvolans, 53

cirtana, 38

coerulea, 45

collaris, 46

colona, 89

combuasta, 9

corniger, 83

cornuta, 83

coronata, 72

crassa, 19

cubecola, 117

cupripennis, 22

cyanea, 115

cyanescens, 2

Dejeanii, 46,

Genus Xylocopa.

SPECIES.

dimidiata, 59, 91

dissimilis, 43

diversipes, 69

divisa, 18

electa, 108

erratica, 107

fasciata, 3, 82

femorata, 1, 23

fenestrata, 44

fervens, 106

fimbriata, 83

flavilabris, 28

flavo-nigrescens, 63

flavo-ruta, 8

formosa, 123

frontalis, 82

fuscata, 3

gigas, 40

grisescens, 23, 86

grossa, 78

hellenica, 3

hottentotta, 13

ignita, 62

imitator, 36

inconstans, 31

indica, 44, 60

insularis, 73

iricolor, 78

lanata, 6

lateralis, 120

lateritia, 14

latipes, 40

Latreillii, 41

leucothorax, 54

loripes, 119

lucida, 98

lugubris, 37

lunata, 61

luteola, 17

macrops, 92

mesoxantha, 50

metallica, 103

micans, 116

minuta, 2

modesta, 10

mordax, 111

morio, 82, 84, 117

301

302 Mr. F. Smith’s Monograph, &c.

nigrita, 20

nigro-cincta, 109

nigro-ceerulea, 70

nitens, 84

nobilis, 71

oblonga, 11

obscurata, 25

olivacea, 17

Olivieri, 3

ordinaria, 104

ornata, 99

orpifex, 118

perforator, 51

perversa, 50

phalothorax, 66

Philippinensis, 74

pictifrons, 58

pictipennis, 65

preeusta, 24

producta, 27

provida, 57

pulchra, 93

purpurea, 121

rotundiceps, 100

rutescens, 48

rufipes, 76

rufitarsis, 12

similis, 101

simillima, 77

sinuatifrons, 4 ; 2

sonorina, 67

splendidula, 94

tabaniformis, 114

tarsata, 32

taurica, 2

tenuata, 122

tenuiscapa, 41

teredo, 81

texana, 113

torrida, 19

trepida, 8

unicolor, 56

ustulata, 26

valga, 5

varians, 102

varipes, 15

verticalis, 54, 55

vidua, 116

violacea, 1

virescens, 95

virginica, 112

viridigastra, 110

viridis, 79

viridipennis, 41

volatilis, 68

( 303 )

XI. Notes on the Buprestide collected by Professor

Semper tz the Philippine Islands ; with deserip-

tions of the new species. By Epwarb SaAun-

bers, F.L.S.

[Read 16th March, 1874.]

Havine recently obtained the collection of Buprestide

formed by Professor Semper in the Philippine Islands, 1

here give a list of the species contained in it, and descrip-

tions of those which have not before been characterized.

The general style of the Buprestide fauna is almost

similar to that of the Moluccan Islands; in a few in-

stances the same species occur in both, but where this is

the case a distinct variation is generally observable, so

that one could easily say whether the individual came

from the Philippines or the Moluccas. There is only

one genus in the collection which is not found in the

latter islands, viz., Acme@odera, which is represented by a

species which occurs also in Siam and India. The most

interesting series in the boxes is that of Chrysodema

Smaragdula, Oliv., which exhibits great variety both in

colour and form; the same species occurs commonly in

the Moluccas, where it is equally variable, and yet almost

all the Philippine specimens have an aspect peculiar to

themselves, whereby they are distinguishable from their

more southern relations. The collection contains alto-

gether fifty-eight species, of which thirty-six are here

described as new.

Catoxantha nigricornis, H. Deyr.

Ann. Soc. Belg. vii. p. 1.

A fragment, showing the transverse band on the elytra,

from North Luzon,

Chrysochroa Semperi, E. 8.

Aureo-viridis, thorace punctato, preesertim in lateribus,

line& dorsali angustissima cxeruleé. Elytra punctato-

lineata, utrinque lineis quatuor subelevatis, apice minute

denticulata. Subtus punctata.

Pale brassy-green. Thorax with a very narrow blue

TRANS. ENT, SOC. 1874.—PART I. (APR.)

304 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

dorsal line in the g. Head channelled between the eyes,

and coarsely punctured. Thorax with the sides very slightly

rounded; disk finely and sparsely punctured, with a small

yound impression on each side of the dorsal line in the ¢.

Sides densely and coarsely punctured ; near each posterior

angle is a slight punctured impression. Elytra with its

sides somewhat parallel, finely denticulate just at the apex.

Surface finely punctured, the punctures arranged in lines ;

on each elytron four of the interstices are more raised

than the others, forming obsolete coste. Beneath and

legs finely punctured. Antennx black, first two joints

green.

g. Length 16 lines; breadth 4 lines.

g. Length 27 lines; breadth 6 lines.

Hab.—tluuzon, $ and ¢.

Should precede prelonga, White: allied to prelonga

White, and Chrysura, L. & G., but differs essentially in the

pale colour, which is most remarkable, and in the more

rugose punctuation of the elytra, which gives them a duller

appearance. It is a species which can be separated at

once from its allies.

Chrysochroa prelonga, White.

Ann. Nat. Hist. xii. p. 343.

Several specimens from Luzon and Mindanao.

This is the species known in many collections as

Escholtzii, Laf.

Chrysochroa chrysura, Gory.

Mon. Suppl. p. 55, pl. x. fig. 55.

7 Several specimens from Mindanao, Bohol, Siargao,

eyte.

Tridotenia cupreo-marginata, E. S.

Caputeneo-nigrum. Thorax punctatus, eneus, margini-

bus late cupreis, linea dorsali impressé. Elytra 2eneo-

virida, punctato-striata, lateribus antice cupreis. Subtus

punctata, aureo-cuprea.

Head bronzy-black, excavated and deeply punctured

between the eyes. Thorax bronzy on the disk, coppery

on the sides, with the sides rounded, shaped much as in

I. curta, H. Deyr.; surface punctured on the bronzy part,

+ Lae

sug

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 305

rugose on the coppery dorsal line, impressed, especially at

the base; on each side, near the posterior angle, is a small

elongate impression extending from the base; base nar-

rowly edged with coppery colour. Elytra bronzy-green,

the shoulders of each coppery, the coppery colour extend-

ing, but gradually narrowing, to about three-quarters of

the length of the elytra. Sides slightly sinuate below the

shoulders, apex denticulate, surface finely punctured in

lines, the punctures closer together on the sides and near

the apex. Beneath golden-coppery, punctured, covered

with short pubescence, lees with green reflections.

Length 12 lines; breadth 4 lines.

Hab.— Mindanao.

Should follow curta, H. Deyr.

This species varies to a dull bronzy colour above, with

the sides of the thorax and shoulders of a coppery brown.

Tridotenia trivittata, E. S.

Cyaneo-nigra, capite aureo, excavato. Thorace, linea

dorsali impress aurea, lateribus subrugosis aureis. Elytris

punctato-lineatis, sutura vittaque utrinque aureis. Subtus

cupreo-aurea, pedibus viridibus.

Head golden, deeply excavated and punctured between

the eyes. Thorax bluish-black, elongate, sides with a

callosity above the hind angles, base nearly straight; dorsal

line finely and sharply impressed, rather wider near the

base, golden; sides of the same colour; surface finely

punctured on the disk, coarsely on the sides. Elytra

twice and a-third as long as wide, finely but irregularly

punctured in lines, of the same colour as the thorax, with

the suture and a vitta on each extending from the base

just above the shoulder to the apex, golden; sides sub-

parallel to behind the middle, then attenuate to the apex,

denticulate posteriorly. Beneath very finely punctured,

sides covered with a very fine greyish pubescence ; legs

greenish.

Length 13 lines; breadth 3? lines.

Hab.—Luzon and Mindanao, ¢ and &.

Should precede cyaniceps, Fab.

@ differs in being wider and less acuminate, and having

the vittee of the elytra wider and greenish.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART Il. (APR.) >

306 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Votes on

Tridotenia sulcifera, E. S.

Purpureo-fusca, capite excavato. Thorace valde punc-

tato, linea dorsali angusta impressa, fovedque longitudinali

laterali. Elytris punctatis, utrinque sulco viridi-zneo or-

natis.. Subtus cupreo-fusca, punctata.

Purplish-brown. Head excavated between the eyes,

punctured. Thorax largely and deeply punctured, the

punctures closer together on the sides; dorsal line deeply

and narrowly impressed. Anterior margin slightly pro-

duced, sides nearly straight till they almost reach the

head, then rather suddenly converging and continued to

the anterior margin, so forming a sort of collar; along

each side is a rather deeply-impressed line, extending from

the base not quite to the anterior margin. Llytra irregu-

larly punctured, each with a bronzy-green impressed line,

extending from the base near the shoulder to the apex;

sides denticulate near the apex. Beneath and legs cop-

pery-brown, finely punctured and covered with very fine

white hairs.

Length 123 lines; breadth 4 lines.

Hab.—WLuzon. Unique in the collection.

Allied to suleata, Thunb., which it should follow.

Chrysodema flavicornis, E. 8.

Caput cupreo-purpureum. Thorax obscure purpureo-

niger, subrugosus, lined dorsali elevataé. Elytra profunde

et valde punctato-striata, purpureo-nigra, utrinque mar-

ginibus flavo-sulcatis, apice cuprea. Subtus aureo-cuprea,

antennis flavis.

Head coppery-purple, punctured, excavated in front.

Thorax largely and irregularly punctured, and somewhat

rugose, obscure purplish-black, the base with coppery

reflections, dorsal line raised. Sides rounded slightly in

front, base twice as wide as the anterior margin. Scutellum

coppery. Elytra considerably wider than the thorax,

slightly sinuate below the shoulders, gradually narrowing

from the middle to the apex, and sharply denticulate ;

[Slee with their apex coppery ; very largely and

eeply punctate-striate, the punctures green, each margin

with a golden-green impression extending from the base

to the apex and filled with yeliow powdery pubescence.

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 307

Beneath and legs punctured golden-copper colour.

Antenne flavous.

Length 13 lines; breadth 5 lines.

Hab.—Bohol. Unique in the collection.

This very distinct species may be known from any of

the genus by its thorax being entirely destitute of fovex.

Chrysodema philippinensis, Lap. & Gory.

Monog. Buprest. vol. 1, Chrysod. p. 7, pl. ii. fig. 8.

Two specimens from Luzon, ;

Chrysodema Deyrollei, E. S.

Aureo-viridis, subtus cupreo-micans, capite excavato.

Thorace valde punctato, lined longitudinali elevaté, an-

gulis posticis foveatis. Elytris crebre punctatis, prope

basin subrugosis, lineis quatuor irregularibus elevatis

marginibus postice denticulatis. Subtus punctata.

Golden-green. Beneath and legs with coppery reflections;

antennz brown, tarsi coppery. Head finely punctured on

the vertex, excavated and shining between the eyes, with

a deeply-impressed, coppery median line, the sides of the

excavation sparsely punctured. ‘Thorax subrugose and

deeply punctured; dorsal line elevated, rather wide and

smooth (with a strong power it will be seen to be exceed-.

ingly finely punctured); near each hind angle is a round

fovea met by an oblique impressed line from the margin.

Elytra closely and finely punctured, subrugose on their

basal half, each with the suture and four lines raised; of

these the second and fourth alone reach the apex, the first

and third being abbreviated, the former about two-thirds

of the entire length of the elytra from their base, the latter

just about the middle. Sides denticulate posteriorly, apex

ending in a single tooth. Beneath and legs finely punc-

tured. Prosternum, metasternum and first two segments

of abdomen in the middle largely punctured.

Length 14 lines; breadth 5 lines.

Hab.—Luzon.

Should follow philippinensis, L. & G.

A very distinct species, represented by a single specimen,

x 2

308 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

Chrysodema Dohrnit, E. 8.

Aureo-viridis, capite excavato. Thorace punctatis-

cimo lined dorsali elevatd, lateribus utrinque linea longi-

tudinali impressd. _Elytris, sutura lineisque quatuor

valde elevatis, apice cuprea. Subtus punctata.

Golden-green, with a slight coppery tint, the extreme

apex of the elytra coppery. Beneath of a more coppery

hue; tarsi coppery.

Head excavated between the eyes, closely punctured all

over, excavation with an impressed longitudinal line, met

in front by an oval impression. Thorax with the sides

regularly rounded ; surface closely punctured, punctures

confluent in places so as to form slight rugosities ; dorsal

line rather wide and raised, with several large punctures

irregularly disposed on it. Sides each with an impressed

line midway between the dorsal line and the margin,

starting from the base and extending for about two-thirds

of the length of the thorax. Elytra finely and closely

punctured, each with the suture and four well-defined

lines, considerably raised and smooth; sides denticulate

behind. Beneath and legs finely punctured.

Length 13 lines ; breadth 43 lines.

Hab.—Mindanao. One specimen only—a ¢.

Should precede Mniszechii, H. Deyr., which it much

resembles, although quite distinct from it.

Chrysodema eximia, L. & G.

Mon. Bupr. i., Chrysod. p. 8, pl. 2, fig. 9.

Two of the specimens are of a dark brownish hue.

Hab,—Luzon. Var. from Mindoro.

Chrysodema intercostata, E. S.

Capite purpureo-cupreo. Thorace viridi, marginibus

cupreis, linea dorsali elevaté. Elytris punctatis, striatis,

quatuor lineis magis prominentibus, suturaé marginibusque

cupreis. Subtus fusco-purpurea.

Head deep fiery copper-colour, finely punctured,

shining, excavated and channelled between the eyes.

Thorax green, punctured, and somewhat finely rugose,

especially on the sides; dorsal line raised, met at the base

by a large puncture; margins coppery. Sides each with a

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 309

round impression above the angle. Elytra transversely

rugose at the base, green, with the suture and margins

coppery, each with the suture and four lines raised;

between these more elevated lines are somewhat irregular

intermediate cost. The ground of the elytra is very

finely and closely punctured, the more elevated lines

smooth, with occasional puuctures, the intermediate ones

rugose on their sides; lateral margins denticulate pos-

teriorly. Beneath and legs punctured, dark coppery

brown.

Length 15 lines ; breadth 5 lines.

Hab.— N. Luzon.

Closely allied to eximia, L. & G., but I can find no in-

termediate forms, so I describe it as distinct; the inter-

mediate cost at once distinguish them.

Should follow eximia, L. & G.

Chrysodema purpureicollis, Bi. S.

Capite purpureo-fusco. Thorace purpureo viridi-mi-

cante, fortiter punctato, line& dorsali elevata, lateribus

postice transversim foveatis. Elytris viridibus, utrmque

lineis quatuor suturaque elevatis; lateribus inauratis,

disco utrinque supra medium macula parva cuprea notato.

Subtus purpureo-fusca.

Head purple-brown, finely punctured and excavated.

Thorax purple, with green reflections, largely and deeply

punctured, dorsal line raised and smooth; sides each with

a deep transverse impression just above the base, lateral

margins golden posteriorly, base nearly straight. Elytra

green, very finely and closely punctured and subrugose;

the rugosities smooth, each elytron with the suture and

four lines raised, and cyaneous-black, sides of each golden-

coppery colour, the colour extending from the shoulder

not quite to the apex, and extending just below the middle

into a sort of coppery spot; there is also a small round

coppery spot on the disk of each, just above the middle ;

sides denticulate posteriorly, apex of each finely truncate. .

Beneath coppery-brown, punctured and finely pubescent.

Length 12 lines; breadth 4} lines.

Hab.—North Luzon.

Should precede adjuncta, E. 8.

310 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

Chrysodema adjuncta, Ki. 8.

Capite cyaneo-nigro, oculis viridi-cinctis. _Thorace

cyaneo-nigro, viridi-punctato, lined longitudinali elevata

levi, angulis posticis foveatis. Elytris cyaneo-nigris,

quatuor lineis suturdque elevatis, interstitlis aureis,

cyaneo-rugosis. Subtus viridi-punctata.

Head cyaneous, eyes margined with green. ‘Thorax

cyaneous-black, largely and rugosely punctured with

ereenish-golden punctures, dorsal line elevated and smooth ;

near each posterior angle is a deep round impression ;

base and a line on each side of the dorsal line green;

there is also a punctured, green, oblique, abbreviated line

starting from the anterior angle. Elytra cyaneous-black,

each with the suture and four lines raised; interstices

golden-green, very finely and closely punctured and sub-

rugose, the raised portions cyaneous. The rugosities are

more frequent and stronger on the disk, thus causing the

sides and apex to be of a more golden colour; sides den-

ticulate posteriorly. Beneath and legs green-punctured.

Length 134 lines; breadth 5 lines.

Hah,—Babuyanes.

Allied to variipennis, but much larger and more obscure

in colour. I have a variety in which the third costa is

abbreviated, leaving a large narrow triangular impression

between the fourth and second, extending to the apex.

Chrysodema variipennis, E. 8.

Capite excavato, cyaneo-nigro, oculis viridi-cinctis.

Thorace cyaneo-sneo, rugose et irregulariter viridi-punc-

tato, linea dorsali elevata, angulis posticis minute auro-

foveatis. Elytris cyaneis, reticulatis, rugose viridi-punc-

tatis; utrinque lineis quatuor cyaneis elevatis, et etiam

impressionibus parvulis tribus ante medium, tribusque

majoribus post medium, aureo-viridibus ornatis. Subtus

viridi-aurea. Elytra interdum quadricostata sine impres-

sionibus sunt.

Head cyaneous-black, the eyes surrounded by a row of

green punctures. Thorax cyaneous-black, unevenly punc-

tured and rugose, the impressed portions golden-green ;

dorsal line raised, bounded on each side by a golden-green

line ; near each hind angle is a small, deep, golden fovea ;

there is also a golden line extending from the front angle

in an oblique direction and uniting with the fovea. Sides

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. dll

slightly rounded ; base nearly straight. Elytra irregularly

reticulated, cyaneous-black, each with the suture and four

lines raised ; between these lines are numerous irregular,

closely punctured, little impressions; above the middle are

three larger ones, placed side by side, and below the

middle three other larger ones still, forming almost a

transverse band ; all these impressions are golden-green

and very finely and closely punctured. Posterior margins

denticulate. Beneath golden, finely and closely punc-

tured; posterior margins of the abdominal segments

sparsely punctured and cyaneous. Legs green.

Length 94 lines; breadth 4 lines.

Length varies to nearly 12 lines.

Hab.—Mindanao, Luzon, Bohol.

A very variable species. I have made my description

from a specimen which seemed to me the best defined

form, and from which the variations could be more easily

expressed. The thorax is nearly alike in all.

Below I give the varieties.

Type from Mindanao.

Var. 1. Of the same colour as the type, imterstices

much less rugose, second and third (outer) posterior 1m-

pressions united and produced in an elongate line to the

apex.

From Mindanao.

Var. 2. Like var. 1 in sculpture, but bright coppery,

with the raised portions cyaneous-black ; legs blue.

Luzon.

Var. 3. More golden in colour, only one very small

faint anterior impression; posterior impressions as in var. 1

and var. 2, but less strongly marked.

Bohol.

Var. 4. Like var. 3, but stouter and of a blue-green.

Mindanao.

Var. 5. Interstices rugosely punctured. No impres-

sions.

Mindanao, Bohol.

Chrysodema proxima, EK. Ss.

Aureo-viridis, thoracis elytrorumque lineis elevatis

eyaneis. Thorax linea dorsali elevata, angulis posticis

flavo-foveatis. Hlytra rugositer punctata, utrinque lineis

quatuor suturaque elevatis, antice foveolé rotundata, pos-

312 Mr: Edward Saunders’ Notes on

tice impressionibus duabus flavo-tomentosis ornata. Subtus

aureo-viridis.

Golden-green ; head cyaneous, in some specimens purple,

and in one variety green; raised portions of the thorax

and elytra cyaneous. :

Head excavated between the eyes, strongly punctured.

Thorax with the sides somewhat rugose, surface strongly

punctured, with a raised, smooth dorsal line; posterior

angles acute, above each is a small round fovea ; there is

also, on each side, near the anterior angle an irregular

rugose impression, produced almost to the posterior fovez.

Elytra cyaneous, with golden-green reflections, golden

punctured and finely rugose, each with the suture and

four lines raised and smooth, of these the first and second

unite some little distance above the apex, and then join

the fourth at the apex, the third is abbreviated. On each

elytron there is a transverse fovea above the middle,

another behind the shoulder, and two golden spots behind

the middle, one between the first and second costz, the

other, a larger one, between the second and fourth ; these

depressions are filled with a yellow powdery pubescence.

Beneath golden-green, punctured, margins of abdominal

segments cyaneous.

Length 8 lines ; breadth 3 lines.

Female 12 lines; breadth 43 lines.

Hab.— Mindanao.

Shorter and stouter than smaragdula, Oliv. ; duller, and

the elytra less attenuate ; in some specimens the apex only

is denticulated. I separate it with doubt, and yet the four

specimens I have all agree in character, and are in general

aspect quite distinct from smaragdula, Oliv.

Chrysodema Smaragdula, Oliv.

Of this exceedingly variable species there are three

distinct forms in the collection :—

Ist. The ordinary form—metallic green, with numerous

golden fovez on the elytra; in this the male is very much

smaller than the female.

There is one male only, from Luzon.

Four females, from Alabat, Leyte, Luzon and Mindanao.

2nd. A smooth, cyaneous-black insect, each elytron

with about thirteen small white spots.

Two females, from Bohol,

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 313

3rd. A flatter, more boat-shaped form; entirely pale

golden-green, with only a few feebly-defined impressions ;

the ¢ and ¢ of the same size. I have great doubt

whether this may not prove to be distinct,

Three specimens, all from Mindanao.

Chrysodema Dalmannii, Mann.

Smaragdula, Lap. & Gory, Mon. i., Chrysod. p. 8, pl. ii.

fig. 10.

Babuyanes and North Luzon.

Chrysodema Rouxti, L. & G.

Mon. Bupr. i., Chrysod. p. 9, pl. iti. fig. 11.

Luzon and Cebu.

Chrysodema antennatus, E. S.

Viridi-enea. Thorace auro-punctato, linea dorsali ele-

vata, lateribus utrinque postice rugose auro-foveatis ; ely-

tris auro-foveato-striatis et reticulatis, lateribus utrinque

sulcatis, subaureis: Subtus aureo-viridis. Antennis elon-

gatis, pilosis; tibiis intermediis maris subtus dense pilosis.

Bronzy. Head excavated between the eyes and sulcate.

Thorax with its sides slightly rounded, hind angles acute,

base nearly straight; surface rugose and irregularly punc-

tured, the punctures golden; dorsal line raised and smooth;

sides each with a rugose golden fovea near the hind angle.

Klytra reticulated, covered with small, round, golden,

punctured foveze, arranged in lines, the alternate interstices

a little more raised than the others, forming four very slight

coste. Sides denticulate posteriorly, sulecate and golden,

each with two coppery-golden spots, one just behind the

shoulder the other behind the middle. Beneath punc-

tured, golden green. Male with the femora and tibize of

the second pair of legs densely pubescent beneath. An-

tennz very long, each joint with several long hairs.

$. Length 11 lines ; breadth 4 lines.

?. Length from 11 lines to 13 lines.

Hab.—Mindanao and Camiguin de Mindanao.

This species should stand at the end of the genus, and

makes almost a genus in itself. The tibiz and femora of

314 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

the second pair of legs in the male are densely pubescent

beneath. ‘The antennz are very long and each joint is

furnished with several long hairs. In the female there is

no villosity on the legs, and the antennz are shorter,

although not so short as in the other species of the genus;

the joints are hairy, but the hairs are not so long as in the

male. The species varies much. I have four specimens

which are entirely of an olive-green colour, the punctures

and foves being green instead of golden. The elytra also

show no signs of longitudinal coste. I thought at first

they would form a second species, but have no doubt they

are really all the same. “

Evides Wallacei, Thoms.

. Arch. Entom. vol. i. p. 109.

Var. Philippinensis, H. Deyr.

Differs from the type in being rather more robust and

more strongly punctured in the female. The shoulders of

the elytra are also more prominent.

Many specimens.

Dicercomorpha mutabilis, EB. 8.

Caput rugosum, viride. Thorax viridis, valde punctatus,

lateribus rugosis, lineé dorsali antice impress postice

foveolata, basi prope angulos posteriores foveaté. Elytra

cyaneo-nigra, sutura viridi; utrinque undecim foveis

rotundatis albis notata. Subtus seneo-viridis, abdominis

Jateribus albo-maculatis. Variat colore omnino cyaneo-

nigra.

Head and thorax shining green. Elytra cyaneous-

black, with the suture green; each with eleven round

white spots. Beneath green, with the sides of the abdo-

men spotted with white.

Head rugose. Thorax with its front margin produced

in the middle, Sides strongly angulated about the middle,

the angle rounded. Surface deeply and remotely punc-

tured on the disk, rugose on the sides; dorsal line im-

pressed in front, being formed by numerous confluent

punctures. At the base, just above the scutellum, is a

round fovea, and a larger one near each posterior angle.

Elytra punctate-striate, each with about eleven round

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 315

green fovex filled with white pubescence, apex of each

bidentate. Beneath and legs punctured. Varies to a

dull black all over, excepting the white fover.

Length 11 lines; breadth 4 lines.

Hab.—Babuyanes. Variety from Luzon. Should

precede multipunctata, H. Deyr.

Dicercomorpha albosparsa, Lap. & Gory.

Mon. 1., Bupr. p. 39, pl. x. fig. 47.

Hab.—Bohol, Mindanao.

Varies to a beautiful steel blue.

Dicercomorpha inequalis, H. Deyr.

Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vii. p. 56.

A beautiful variety, with the thorax and head of a bright

coppery colour. One specimen only.

* Hab.— Luzon.

Dicercomorpha viridula, Oliv.

Int. ui. gen. 32, p. 27, pl. x. fig. 112.

Hab.—Wuzon and Mindanao. Three specimens.

I have no doubt that Olivier’s description and figure

refer to this species. In the Berlin museum there are two

species represented by single specimens, which I believe to

be Olivier’s types, viz., B. lateralis, Oliv. and B. viridula,

Oliv.; they both come from Hagen’s collection, and have

the above names to them, and agree with the descriptions

and figures. Olivier quotes the collection of Gigot d’Orcy.

It is possible, however, that they may have passed into

Hagen’s hands. I have never seen Olivier’s names used

for these species elsewhere.

Pecilonota Semperi, E. 8.

Cupreo-micans, thorace valde et rugose punctato, linea

dorsali elevata. Elytris confertissime punctatis et punc-

tato-striatis, macula scutellari, et utrinque maculis tribus

discalibus cyaneis. Subtus aureo-cuprea, tibiis viridibus.

Bright fiery -copper-colour. Head coarsely punc-

tured, with a deep impression above the mouth somewhat

of a triangular shape. Thorax largely and closely punc-

316 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

tured, with a smooth, raised dorsal line. Sides rounded,

base bisinuate. Elytra closely and rugosely punctured,

especially at the sides, and punctate-striate, with a small

spot just below the scutellum, common to both, and three

spots on each arranged in a longitudinal line, cyaneous. .

Sides slightly sinuate above the middle, finely and regu-

larly denticulate posteriorly. Beneath coppery-golden,

largely punctured ; legs green.

Length 6 lines; breadth 23 lines.

Hab.—Luzon. One specimen without tarsi or an-

tenne.

A very beautiful and distinct species.

Castalia obsoleta, Chevr.

Revue Zool. 1841, p. 221.

Hab.—Luzon and Bohol. Several specimens.

Var. tnornata, Chevr.

Hab.—Luzon and Bohol. Several specimens.

Acmeaodera stictipennis, Lap. & Gory.

Mon. i., Acm. p. 26, pl. vui. fig. 45.

Hab.—Luzon. Several specimens.

Belionota sagittaria, Eschs.

Zool. Atlas, p. 9, pl. iv. fig. 5.

Hab.—Babuyanes, Mindanao, Leyte, Bohol.

In some specimens the scutellum is concolorous with

the elytra or nearly so.

Belionota fallaciosa, H. Deyr.

Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. viii. p. 84.

Hab.—Babuyanes, Bohol, Leyte, Mindanao.

Chrysobothris pictiventris, E. S.

Caput cupreum, antice depressum, circulariter striatum.

Thorax transversim rugosus, fusco-cupreum, angulis pos-

ticis aureis, lateribus sinuatis; elytra purpureo-fusca,

utrinque macula basali fascidque ante medium in margine

Jaterali conjunctis ceruleo-viridibus, post medium maculis

duabus minutis viridibus, ornatis. Subtus viridis, lateri-

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 317

bus cupreis, pedibus cupreis, femoribus in basi viridibus,

tarsis cyaneis.

Head coppery, face depressed, flat, bordered above by a

straight ridge, concentrically striate with scattered punc-

tures between the strix. Vertex closely punctured.

Thorax transversely rugose and deeply punctured, dark

copper-coloured ; anterior margin green at the sides;

posterior angles golden, obtuse; sides sinuate in the middle;

base deeply bisinuate. Scutellum green. Elytra evenly

punctured all over, purplish-brown, each with a blue-green

spot on the base, starting from a fovea in the middle, then

covering the shoulder and extending along the side, not

quite to the middle; thence it is produced on to disk and

ends in a slight round fovea. ‘There are also two very

small, round, green impressions placed side by side about

midway between the middle and the apex; lateral margins

denticulate posteriorly, with a slight green tinge. Beneath

bright shining green, sides coppery. Legs coppery, base

of the femora green ; tarsi cyaneous.

Length 7 lines; breadth 3 lines.

Hab.—Camiguin de Mindanao, Mindanao.

Should precede Cupricollis, H. Deyr.

Chrysobothris octonotata, K. S.

Caput antice impressum, circulariter striatum. Thorax

transverse rugosus, angulis truncatis, posticis igneo-rubris.

Elytra punctata, fusca, utrinque impressionibus quatuor

viridibus impressa. Subtus punctata, medio viridi, lateri-

bus zeneis.

Head bronzy-green, sparingly covered with white hairs,

depressed in front, the depression concentrically striate and

remotely punctured between the strize; forehead projecting,

deeply punctured. Thorax bronzy, transversely rugose,

and punctured, nearly square, with all its angles truncate,

the posterior ones fiery red; base deeply bismuate. Scu-

tellum green. LElytra finely punctured, brown with pur-

plish reflections, each with a small round fovea at the base,

another just above the middle, and two more placed side

by side midway between the middle and the apex, green ;

the last two have rather a more coppery tint than the

others; posterior margin denticulate. Beneath punctured,

bronzy on the sides, green down the middle. Legs bronzy,

femora green on the sides next the body.

Length 64 lines; breadth 3 lines.

Hab.—Luzon.

318 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

Chrysobothris philippinensis, EK. 8.

Capite thoraceque cupreis, hoc margine anteriori viridi.

Elytris sneo-fuscis utrmque tribus foveolis viridibus or-

natis; margine postice denticulata. Subtus punctata,

lateribus cupreo-fuscis, in medio viridis, femoribus ante-

rioribus subtus viridibus.

Head and thorax coppery, front margin of the latter

green; the former in the ¢ green in front. Scutellum

green. Elytra bronzy-brown, each with three small green

fovexe. Beneath and legs coppery-brown, middle of body

and extreme base of each thigh green. ‘Tarsi cyaneous.

Head punctured, covered with white hairs, forehead much

produced, face depressed, concentrically striate and ~punc-

tured. Thorax transversely rugose and punctured, angles

slightly truncate, base deeply bisinuate. Elytra punctured,

each with three round, small foveee, one at the base, the |

second just about the middle, the third near the lateral

margin, about midway between the second and_the apex;

posterior margin denticulate. Beneath punctured, sides

covered with white hairs.

Length 53 lines; breadth 2} lines.

Hab.—Mindanao, Bohol.

Varies much: the specimen from Bohol has the thorax

almost of the same colour as the elytra, which are of a

more bronzy tint than in the typical form. ;

Chrysobothris ventralis, HES.

- Obscure seneo-fusca. Capite antice cupreo, circulariter

striato. Thorace transverse rugoso, angulis truncatis, basi

profunde bisinuata. Elytris punctatis, utrinque foveolis

rotundatis aureis tribus notatis. Subtus lateribus cupreo-

fuscis, medio viridi.

Dull bronzy-brown ; head with a coppery tinge, covered

with rather long white hairs; forehead deeply and closely

punctured, much produced, terminating in front in an

almost straight line; face flat, concentrically striate, and

punctured between the stris. Thorax nearly square, with

angles truncate, base deeply bisinuate, surface transversely

rugose and punctured. Klytra punctured, once and three-

quarters as long as wide, each with three small, round,

golden foveze, one at the base, the second just above the

middle, and the third midway between the second and the

apex but rather nearer the lateral margin; posterior mar-

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 319

gin denticulate. Beneath punctured, with the sides

coppery-bronze colour, middle bright green; antenna

coppery.

Length 6} lines ; breadth 23 lines.

HHab.—Luzon.

Closely allied to Indica, L. & G., but differs in the

shorter, squarer thorax, the more coppery face and the

coppery antenne.

Corebus celestis, Ei. S.

Purpureo-cyaneus, viridi-micans. Scutello cupreo-pur-

pureo. Elytrorum apice multispinoso. Subtus seneus,

abdominis lateribus albo-maculatis.

Bright cyaneous, shining, with purple and green tints

in certain lights. Scutellum coppery-purple colour. Head

produced between the eyes and narrowly but deeply chan-

nelled. Thorax vermiculate in front, largely punctured

posteriorly, disk much raised and very convex, sides nar-

rowly depressed, lateral margins very finely crenulate.

Klytra very finely punctured, each with a very obsolete

raised line down the middle, especially evident near the

apex ; sides each with three very faint impressions, giving

them a sort of undulated appearance ; lateral margins very

finely crenulate, apex of each truncate, with six spines, of

which the second and third from the suture are farthest

apart. Beneath bronzy, rugosely punctured, each side of

the abdomen with four small, round, white, pubescent

spots.

Length 7 lines; breadth 2? lines.

Hab.—East Mindanao.

Should follow violaceipennis, KE. S.

Corebus Cisseoides, EK. S.

Viridi-aureus. Thorace valde punctato, lateribus och-

raceo-pilosis. Elytris utrinque maculis quinque albidis

ornatis, apicibus rotundatis. Subtus punctatus, lateribus

ochraceo-pilosis.

Head and thorax bright golden-green, very coarsely

and closely punctured, the former impressed between the

eyes, the impression filled with white pubescence, the latter

with the sides widely depressed and ochraceous pubescent,

lateral margins very finely crenulate. Base deeply bi-

320 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

sinuate. Scutellum cordate, impunctate. Elytra punc-

tured, of the same colour as the thorax at the sides, but

rather greener on the base and suture, each with five small

round spots of a whitish pubescence, situated, three on the

suture, of which two are below the middle, and one about

a third of the entire léngth of the elytra from the base,

the remaining two are placed near the lateral margin ; one

just about the middle, the other, a very small one, midway

between it and the apex, almost on the margin; lateral

margins very finely crenulate, becoming denticulate near

the apex, which is slightly truncate, with the angles

rounded. Beneath and legs bronzy, rugosely punctured,

sides ochraceo-pubescent.

Length 54 lines; breadth 23 lines.

Hab.—ast Mindanao.

Very like an Australian Cisseis. Should follow the

preceding.

Corebus pullatus, i. 8.

Niger, thorace concentrice vermiculato, lateribus late

depressis, niveis. Elytris minute rugosis, sparsim albo-

pilosis, post medium fascia lata in medio nigro-maculata,

ad apicem fascia minutissim4a, albidis ornatis, apice late

rotundato. Subtus eneus, lateribus albo-pilosis.

Black. Head punctured deeply and triangularly im-

pressed between the eyes. Thorax concentrically ver-

miculate ; disk convex, with a few scattered hairs on it.

Sides regularly rounded, widely depressed, and covered

with white hairs; the pubescence extends also along the

base, which is deeply bisinuate. Elytra with fine scale-

like rugosities, slightly sinuate on the sides, apex largely

rounded and denticulate, here and there with irregularly-

disposed white pubescence, especially at the base ; about

midway, between the middle and apex, is a broad white

pubescent band, with a naked spot in its middle on the

suture ; there is also a very small white band on each, just

above the apex. Beneath and legs bronzy, coarsely punc-

tured down the middle, finely punctured and white pubes-

cent on the sides.

Length 5 lines; breadth 2 lines.

Hab.—Liuzon (1,750 feet high).

Most like retrolatus, H. Deyr., of any species I know,

which it should follow.

Buprestide from the Philippine Galante: 321

Corebus melibeiformis, E. 8. -

Viridis aut viridi-cyaneus. Capite antice valde et late

sulcato. Thorace convexo, punctato, lateribus postice de-

pressis, marginibus crenulatis. Elytris rugulosis, apicibus

rotundatis, denticulatis. Subtus viridis punctatus, pilis

brevibus ochraceis obsitus.

Green, or greenish-blue. Head produced in front

beyond the eyes, and then widely and deeply channelled,

and covered with short curved hairs, which are hardly

visible in some places, except from the side. Thorax

finely squamo-rugose, shortly pubescent, disk very con-

vex and regularly rounded, sides narrowly depressed

in front, widely at the posterior angles; the depression

extending along the base to about the middle; lateral

margins finely crenulate ; lateral carina short and much

curved. LElytra squamo-rugose, shortly pubescent ; apex

rounded, finely denticulate. Beneath punctured, covered

with short ochraceous hairs.

Length 32 lines; breadth 13 line.

ITab.— Luzon.

A short convex species, something in shape like some of

the Cape species of the Melibeus crassus group; should

precede elatus, Fab.

Corebus hastanus, L. & G.

Three specimens of the usual blue-green form, and three

of a golden-green colour, with rather longer somewhat

convergent spines to the apex of the elytra. I can, how-

ever, see no character sufficient to make this form into a

species. I believe Monsieur Henri Deyrolle’s C. bajulus

will also prove a mere variety of this variable species.

Hab—N. E. Luzon. Var. £. Mindanao.

Cryptodactylus philippinensis, E. S.

Niger, pubescens, fasciis albis ornatus.

Allied to the two species deseribed by H. Deyrolle, and.

I almost hesitate to propose it as distinct. It differs in

having the markings more distinct, each elytron having a

distinctly marked “circular spot near the middle, and the

apical band being much more deeply jagged.

The markings of the elytra are arranged thus: a zigzag

band at the base; a somewhat circular ring near the

middle, aud two zigzag bands between 1t and the apex.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART I. (APR.) x

322 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

There is a variety from Bohol, in which the markings

are still brighter, and the apical zigzag bands closer

together.

In some specimens the disk of the thorax is entirely

black; in some it is marked with three grey spots. The

sides have always grey pubescent bands.

Hab.—Luzon, Bohol.

Toxoscelus rugicollis, EK. 8.

Purpureo-eneus, thorace foveolato, lateribus rotundatis

postice attenuato. Elytris maculis quibusdam supra

medium, et postice fasciis duabus valde sinuatis, griseis

ornatis. Subtus punctatus.

Bronzy, with a purplish tint. Head concentrically

rugose and punctured, with a small round impression near

the vertex. Thorax with the sides much rounded in

front, and then converging rapidly in nearly straight lines

to the base, which is deeply bisinuate. Surface concen-

trically rugose and punctured, with an oval transverse

depression on the disk below the anterior margin, and a

rather large somewhat kidney-shaped impression, just

above the base, near each posterior angle; there is also a

very shght depression near the front angles. Elytra much

wider than the base of the thorax, sides sinuate, apex

rounded, each with a band near the base, a round spot

near the suture and an oval one at its side, above the

middle, and two strongly zigzag bands; one just below

these, the other midway between it and the apex, grey

pubescent. Beneath and legs punctured, posterior tibiz

hairy along their outer margin. -

Length 2} lines; breadth ? line.

Hab.—Central Luzon.

Should follow 7. undatus.

Sambus auricolor, E. S.

Capite thoraceque aureis, hoe lateribus late depressis.

Elytris zneis, aureo-pilosis, maculis quibusdam fasciéque

post medium, denudatis. Subtus punctatus, albo-sericeus.

Head and thorax golden, punctured, the former with a

deep depression on the vertex, the latter with the disk

raised and rounded, the sides widely depressed. Surface

finely squamo-rugose, in some places with golden hairs.

Elytra bronzy, densely gold pubescent, two spots on the

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 323

suture above the middle, a transverse band below the

middle, two spots or an interrupted band between this and

the apex, and the apex itself, naked. Sides subparallel

above the middle, widely rounded posteriorly. Beneath

punctured, covered with fine adpressed white hairs.

Length 2? lines; breadth 14 line.

Hab.—Samar.

A very distinct species. Should follow amadilis.

Sambus lugubris, E. 8.

Capite thoraceque eneo-nigris. Thoracis lateribus sub-

cupreis, pilosis. Elytris nigris, fasciis pilosis albidis

ornatis. Subtus punctatus.

Head bronzy-black, punctured, covered with yellowish

hairs, especially above the mouth. Thorax bronzy-black,

with its sides more or less coppery. Anterior margin

very narrowly raised, sides straight or nearly so in their

middle, with the angles very largely cut off, so as almost

to give them the appearance of being regularly rounded.

Disk raised, with a few scattered hairs. Sides widely de-

pressed, densely eovered with a yellowish pubescence ;

lateral carine long. Elytra black, each with a somewhat

ring-shaped spot at the base, two irregular bands placed

close together above the middle, and two distinct bands

just above the apex, covered with white hairs, mixed with

yellowish-brown ones ; the second band from the apex is

almost entirely of the latter colour. The apex is widely

rounded. Beneath and legs punctured bronzy, covered

with white adpressed hairs.

Length 24 lines ; breadth 1 line.

Hab.—Bohol.

Should follow the preceding.

Agrilus occipitalis, Kisch.

Entom. p. 135.

Apparently common.

Hab.—Mindanao, Bohol, Luzon.

Agrilus equicollis, Esch.

Entom. p. 134.

Hab.—Camotes, Bohol.

324 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes on

Agrilus ornatus, H. Deyr.

Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. vii. p. 155.

Varies from the typical form in having the thorax bright

copper-coloured and the apex of the elytra brighter.

Hab.—N. Luzon; Babuyanes.

Agrilus acutus, ‘Thunb.

Mus. Nat. Ac. Ups. iv. p. 52.

Two specimens of the small green form described by

Fabricius under the name spinosus.

Hab.—Central Luzon.

Agrilus Sempert, E. 5.

Capite thoraceque cyaneis. Elytris antice seneis, postice

cyaneis, apice utrinque valde bidentato, inter dentes ali-

quando denticulato. Abdominis lateribus supra albo--

maculatis.

Head and thorax cyaneous, punctured and concen-

trically striate, the former with a small patch of silvery -

hairs just above the mouth. Thorax with the front margin

much produced and the sides straight; there is a slight

depression on the disk just below the anterior margin, a

strong impression on the sides and a slight one along the

base; lateral carinze very short and curved. — Elytra

bronzy or bronzy-golden at the base, suture and posterior

two-thirds purple ; along the suture, about the middle, is

an elongate streak of white hairs, and there is a small

spot of the same at the extreme apex. Apex strongly

bidentate and obliquely truncate: between the larger teeth

are two or three irregular smaller ones. Sides of abdomen

above, each with a small white spot. Beneath cyaneous,

‘ee rather a leaden tint, covered with fine white depressed

airs.

Length 5 lines ; breadth 1} line.

Hab.—Luzon.

Should precede ciliatipes, H. Deyr.

Agrilus rubifrons, H. Deyr.

Ann. Soc. Ent. Belg. viii. p. 164.

One specimen of a variety with a basal spot tothe elytra, —

bearing out the following observation of Deyrolle’s :—

“ Je ne serais pas étonné qu’il y eut des exemplaires |

ee ES eee

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 325

avec un petit point jaune dans l’impression basilaire des

_elytres, attendu qu’a la loupe j’apercois quelques petits

poils de cette couleur en cet endroit.”

The basal spot, however, is rather a large one, and the

general colour of the insect is lighter, and the head is of

a golden-coppery colour.

Hab.—Ii. Mindanao.

Agrilus abdominalis, E. S.

Caput purpureo-zeneum, sulcatum, in sulco vittd flavo-

pilosa ornatum. Thorax obscure zeneus, lateribus utrinque

aureo-pilosis. Elytra purpureo-enea, macula parva basali

aurea ornata, apice denticulato, rotundato. Abdominis

lateribus supra aureo-bimaculatis. Subtus eneus, pectoris

lateribus, maculisque duabus utrinque abdominalibus,

aureo-pilosis.

Head bronzy-purple, deeply sulcate, with a narrow line

of flavous hairs down the impression. Thorax bronzy,

transversely rugose, front margin rounded; sides impressed,

the impressions filled with golden hairs, forming an elon-

gate spot. LElytra bronzy-purple, finely squamo-rugose,

with the apex of each rounded and denticulate. At the

base there is a small round golden spot on each; sides of

the abdomen, above, projecting considerably beyond the

elytra, and each bearing two golden spots. Beneath

bronzy, covered with short white hairs ; a spot on each side

of the breast, and a spot on each side of the second and

third abdominal segments, covered with bright golden hairs.

Length 4 lines; breadth 14 line.

Hab.—N. Ei. Luzon.

Should follow rubifrons, H. Deyr.

Agrilus nigro-cinctus, I. 8.

Caput antice viridi-eneum, Thorax obscure eneus,

lateribus subaureis. Elytra viridi-enea, postice fascia

nigra ornata. Sutura antice et postice albo-pilosa, apice

valde bidentato.

Head produced in front in a square form; slightly

channelled, face deeply punctured bronzy-green. ‘Tho-

yax dark bronzy colour, the lateral margins narrowly

golden. Surface transversely rugose, depressed at the base

and posterior angles. Elytra bronzy-green, with a wide

326 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Votes on

band behind the middle nearly black, the suture above

and below the band white pubescent. Apex strongly

bidentate ; the inner tooth, which is situated some little

distance from the suture, is the longer. Beneath coppery,

finely white-haired.

Length 3 lines ; breadth } line.

Hab.—W. Mindanao.

Should follow eyanicollis, H. Deyr.

Agrilus inquinatus, EK. S.

7Eneo-aureus, capite vertice impresso. Thorax valde

transversim rugosus. Hlytra brevissime albo-pilosa, macula

rotundata suturali postice ornata, apice bidentato. Subtus

punctatus.

Somewhat allied to the preceding. Bronzy-golden.

Head deeply impressed on the vertex. Thorax much

produced in front, sides straight. Surface very strongly

transversely rugose, with a distinct dorsal impression, and

a slight impression on each side in front above the lateral

carina, which is long and rather straight. Elytra covered

with fine white short hairs, with a small naked round

sutural spot, behind the middle. Apex bidentate. Beneath

punctured, shining, with a few silvery hairs.

Length 23? lines; breadth $ line.

A very pretty and distinct species.

Hab.—W. Mindanao.

Should follow viridieneus, H. Deyr.

Agrilus pilicauda, K. §.

Cyaneus, capite antice aureo; elytris utrinque macula

ante medium, maculé post medium, maculaque apicali

niveis, apicibus rotundatis, denticulatis. Abdominis lateri-

bus supra utrinque macula alba ornatis. Subtus punctatus,

albido-pilosus.

Head and thorax cyaneous; the former golden in front,

swollen between the eyes and channelled. Thorax punc-

tured and concentrically striate, front margin produced

and rounded, sides nearly straight, base bismuate. Disk

raised, surrounded by an impression commencing at the

anterior angles, and continued round the base. ‘There is

also a slight depression just below the middle of the front

margin. Elytra rather darker in colour than the thorax,

finely squamo-rugose, and covered with very short grey

Buprestide from the Philippine Islands. 327

hairs, each with three white pubescent spots down the

middle; one placed above the middle, the second mid-

way between the middle and the apex, and the third on

the apex. Apex rounded, denticulate. Sides of the body

above each with a white spot. Beneath punctured, covered

aa grey pubescence. Apex of body with long projecting

1airs.

Length 3} lines; breadth 114 line.

Hab.—Bohol.

I have a single specimen of what I believe is only a

variety of this species, which is bright green with blue

tints.

Hab.—N. E. Luzon.

Should follow marmoreus, H. Deyr.

Agrilus pulcher, E. 8.

Viridi-cyaneus. Thoracis basi depresso. Elytris fascia

lata postice apiceque albo-pilosis, apice rotundato denticu-

lato. Subtus eneus, albo-pilosus.

Cyaneous-green. Head swollen on the vertex, punc-

tured ; eyes margined interiorly by a single row of long

curved white hairs. Thorax deeply and concentrically striate,

sides posteriorly and base depressed. Front margin pro-

duced and rounded ; sides nearly straight, base slightly

bisinuate. Elytra squamo-rugose, covered with short,

scarcely visible grey hairs, with a rather wide white pubes-

cent band below the middle, and a spot at the apex of the

same colour. Apex of each rounded and denticulate.

Beneath bronzy, covered with short white hairs.

Leneth 24 lines; breadth ? line.

Hab.—W. Mindanao.

‘A short, stout species, and very distinct.

Should follow the preceding.

Agrilus vilis, Hi. S.

Capite thoraceque obscure zeneis, hoc angulis posteriori-

bus lateribusque viridi-eneis. LElytris viridi-zneis dense

albo-pilosis, apice rotundato.

A small narrow species. Head dark bronzy, impressed

on the vertex, and with some short silvery hairs just above

the mouth. Thorax of the same colour as the head, with

the sides and hind angles bronzy-green, deeply punctured

and transversely rugose, base with a median depression ;

328 Mr. Edward Saunders’ Notes, Se.

sides also slightly impressed in front; lateral carne very

slightly cur ved. Elytra bronzy-green, finely squamo-

rugose, covered with ‘short adpressed white hairs. Apex

rounded, finely denticulate. Beneath shining, punctured,

covered with short white hairs.

Length 2} lines; breadth $ line.

Hab.—W. Mindanao.

This species has an almost European appearance.

Should follow hypocritus, H. Deyr.

Trachys princeps, E. 8.

Lete cyanea, subconvexa, humeris prominentibus.

Elytris postice fascia lata albo-pilosd ornatis. Subtus

renea.

Bright blue; head excavated between the eyes. Thorax

short, with a few scattered white hairs on the surface ;

base deeply lobed in the middle, and with a smaller lobe

on each side. LElytra with the shoulders prominent,

moderately convex. Sides rounded. Apex widely rounded,

above which is a wide white pubes cent. band, the pubes-

cence extending some little way along the suture, towards

the base. Beneath bronzy, first four joints of the tarsi

and their lamella testaceous.

Length 2} lines; breadth 14 line.

Hab.—Central Luzon.

By far the finest species I have ever seen of this

group, in colour almost equalling some of the brilliant

species of Brachys from S. America.

Should head the genus.

Trachys dubia, E. 8.

Obscure wnea. LElytris tribus fasciis valde sinuatis

ornatis.

I have only one very bad example of this species. The

thorax has scattered white hairs over it, and the base is

regularly bisinuate. The elytra are covered with very

short grey hairs, and have three very narrow zigzag bands

of w hite silver y hairs across them, one situated above the

middle, the other two rather close together, about mid-

way between the middle and the apex. Sides without

carine.

Length 1} lines; breadth § line.

#Hab.—Bohol.

(£23297)

XII. On some new species of South African Lycenide.

By Rotanp Trimen, F.L.S., &c., Curator of

the South African Museum.

[Read 2nd March, 1874.]

Tue Butterflies described in this paper are all natives of

the region lying to the South of the Tropical limit. The

six species belong to four genera, and have been named

as follows, viz.:—

Lolaus Mimose,

Hypolycena Seamani,

Aphneus namaquus,

Zeritis Lycegenes,

» Barklyi,

je Orin:

Aphneus namaguus and Zeritis Barklyi are very dif-

ferent from the other species of their respective genera,

and are noteworthy as coming from a tract of the Cape

Colony hitherto very little known to naturalists, viz., the

North-Western corner of Little Namaqualand, which has

recently been opened up by the Cape Copper Mining

Company, making Port Nolloth its port of shipment and

connecting it by railway with the mines lying inland.

My visit to this district was limited to thirteen days in

August last—a season of the year too early for much

development of insect life—and was, moreover, chiefly

taken up with rapid travelling; but the discovery of the

two new butterflies in question, and the fact that four

other species of the same family presented more or less

strongly marked variation from the corresponding forms

met with in the more Southern districts, convinced me

that the country was one that would well repay more

extended research than I could give it.*

* Sir H. Barkly’s simultaneous discovery in the same limited region of

so conspicuous a botanical novelty as a scarlet-flowered Welianthus, besides

two (if not three) new Ferns, and probably one new Stapelia, at least,

serves to indicate how much yet remains to be found there in the way of

plants.

TRANS. ENT. SOC, 1874.—PART II. (JULY.) Z

330 Mr. Roland Trimen on

Tolaus Mimose is remarkable for its dull-grey under-

side, and for the very little difference between the sexes.

Hypolycena Seamani, on the contrary, is almost as white

beneath as are most of the Jolaz, and the black and white

upperside of the female differs most strikingly from the

purple one of the male. Zeritis Orthrus has none of the

usual fulvous colouring on the upperside, and is the most

sombre-tinted member of its genus, with the exception of

Z, Leroma, Wallengren.

Family LYC NIDA, Leach.

Genus IoLaus, Hiibn.

Tolaus Mimose,n. sp. (PI. II. figs. 1 and 2.)

Exp. (2) 1 in. 23 lin.; (2) 1 m. 3—44 lin.

$. Glossy pale-blue, with fuscous-grey borders. Fore-

wing: costa from base rather widely bordered with pale-

grey, diminishing to a point about middle; extreme costal

margin very narrowly edged with ochreous; apical border

very broad, commencing just at extremity of discoidal

cell, but somewhat abruptly narrowing on 2nd median

nervule, whence the hind-marginal border to anal angle is

not wide; sexual tuft on inner margin thin, dark-grey.

Hindwing : costal and apical margin narrowly, hind margin

very narrowly edged with fuscous-grey; two usual hind-

marginal spots black, that on anal-angular lobe superiorly

edged with greenish-silvery, and partly encircled with dull

white ; between the two spots, a third lunulate one, imme-

diately preceded by a whitish mark, which is itself preceded

by a faint fuscous one; inner margin rather widely pale-

grey, hoary towards base; sexual badge near base con-

spicuous, consisting of a fuscous spot in a shining grey

ring. UNDERSIDE.— Soft pale-grey, with thin ferruginous-

ochreous strie ; in both wings, a short stria closing discoidal

cell, and two long ones beyond middle, of which the inner

is continuous and well defined, the outer sub-lunulate and

rather faintly marked; between these two strie some white

suffusion, in forewing only towards inner margin, but in

hindwing from costa to inner margin. Hindwing: before

middle, a third stria, irregular and anculated, well defined,

extending from precostal to sub-median nervure; first

stria beyond middle very irregular, almost meeting the

outer one between Ist median nervule and sub-median

some new species of South African Lycenide. © 331

nervure, where it is sharply deflected; a little before its

inner-marginal extremity, a small detached marking of

the same ferruginous-ochreous; between the two hind-

marginal spots some rather conspicuous greenish-silvery

scaling. |

2. Very similar to 8; the blue scarcely duller; the

fuscous bordering rather darker, and in parts broader or

narrower. Forewing: costal grey less pronounced, mixed

with fuscous; apical border not so wide, not reaching to

extremity of cell; hind-marginal border rather wider,

especially at anal angle. Hindwing: costal and apical

border darker and considerably broader; a sub-marginal

and a hind-marginal row of faintly marked fuscous spots,

the latter row in line with the usual three black spots,

which are more strongly marked than in the 6. UNDER-

SIDE.— Quite as in ¢, but slightly duller in tint, inclining

to brownish, and with the white clouding beyond middle

less distinct.

This species should be placed next to L. Ceres, Hewits.

(Ill. D. Lep. Lycen. ui. p. 39, pl. xvi, f. 63), recorded

as a native of the Zulu Country. Mr. Hewitson does not

figure the upperside of the species named, and his descrip-

tion of that surface is too brief and general to be of

service, but judging from his figure and description of the

underside, J. Mimose differs in being wholly devoid of any

rufous tinge or brown basal clouding; in having the trans-

verse strize beyond middle more regular and closer together;

in wanting altogether the conspicuous lunular streak zn the

discoidal cell of the forewings; and in possessing a con-

tinuous transverse stria before the middle of the hindwings,

instead of one broken into six or seven portions; and in

wanting the conspicuous orange lunule which adjoins the

upper hind-marginal spot of the hindwings.

Mr. Henry I. Atherstone sent me two females of this

butterfly as long ago as the end of 1863, having taken them

at Rockdale and New Year’s River, near Grahamstown,

in August and November of that year. From the cir-

cumstance of finding one of them in company with

I. Bowkeri, mihi, Mr. Atherstone imagined the two to be

sexes of one species. In 1865, Mr. J. H. Bowker sent a

male from the neighbourhood of the Tsomo River, in

Kaffraria Proper, and noted its frequenting Acacia trees,

and, like I. Bowkeri, having the habit of lighting in

among the branches and settling on dry twigs, where

Z2 :

332 Mr. Roland Trimen on

it was easily taken with the fingers.* This is the only 4

of the insect that I have seen, but three others, ¢s, have

reached me from Mrs. Barber, one taken near King

William’s Town by Miss Fanny Bowker in 1869, and

the others by Mrs. Barber herself, while travelling through

the North-Eastern portion of the Colony, in 1872. Mrs.

Barber confirms her brother’s account of the habits of

I. Mimose, and adds that both it and LZ. Bowkeri chiefly

haunt the mistletoe (Zoranthus sp.), which so generally

infests the mimosa trees.

Hab.—Grahamstown and King William’s Town, Cape

Colony; Tsomo River, Kaffraria.—In the collection of

R. Trimen.

Genus Hypotycmna, Felder.

Hypolycena Seamani,n. sp. (Pl. IL. figs. 3 and 4.)

Hxp..(6) 1am. 14 lin. 102) 4 a3 in:

$. Richviolaceous-purple. Hindwing: ahind-marginal

black line from 2nd median nervule to anal angle, imme-

diately preceded by a concurrent pure white line—the

latter widening into a white space on anal-angular lobe;

two very indistinct dark spots just before the white line,

one above, the other below 1st median nervule; a third

spot, black, densely scaled with silvery-bluish and golden

scales, on anal-angular lobe, edged interiorly and exteriorly

with pure white; tails at extremities of 1st median nervule

and sub-median nervure respectively (of which the latter

is nearly twice as long as the former), thin, black, con-

spicuously fringed and tipped with pure white. Cilia of

forewing apparently greyish, of hindwing pure white, both

on hind and inner margin. UNDERSIDE.— White, with

thin yellow-ochreous strie; in both wings a short stria

closing discoidal cell, and two transverse striae (convergent

downward, the outer one thinner and fainter than the inner)

beyond middle. Forewing: the strie beyond middle

commence on costa but do not reach inner margin, ending

a little below sub-median nervure. Hindwing: elongate

spot near base, below precostal nervure, red; the outer

and inner striz meet below 3rd median nervule, but are

thence independently deflected to inner margin; the outer

* In 1867, I observed this habit of 7. Bowkeri among the stunted

Acacia horrida in the dry upland country near Greytown, in Natal.

some new species of South African Lycenide. 333

stria becomes fuscous near the point of meeting with the

inner, and is thence black; the usual hind-marginal spots

between 2nd and 1st median nervules and on anal-angular

lobe respectively, the former black, inwardly bordered

rather conspicuously with fulvous-yellow, the latter as on

upperside; faint traces of a dusky line just before hind

margin, which is itself very finely edged with black.

2. White, with broad fuscous clouding and borders.

Forewing: fuscous basal clouding fills discoidal cell for

about three-fourths of its length, and extends below it to

inner margin, but does not reach beyond middle ; fuscous

border extends from base to anal angle, and is very broad

in apical region; disco-cellular striz: indistinctly marked,

and traces visible of the longer strie beyond middle.

Hindwing : fuscous clouding in basal region fills cell and

extends irregularly, beyond, above and below it, about to

middle; the two underside striz strongly marked, fuscous,

suffused, not meeting, but widely separated, between Ist

median nervule and sub-median nervure; some fuscous

scaling near apex; hind-marginal and sub-marginal streaks

and spots well marked. UNpbrerstpE.—Quite as in ¢,

except that, in the hindwing, the two stricz beyond middle,

- though approximating much more nearly than on upper-

side, do not meet.

This butterfly is a close ally of U. Philippus, Fab. In

the 4, it is distinguished by the more purple, less cupreous

colour of the upperside, and the conspicuous white cilia of

the hindwings; and in both sexes, by the whiteness of the

underside, with its thinner, much straighter striz, and by

the longer tails of the hindwings. ; :

The upperside of the ? is most strikingly different from

the brownish-grey colouring of that of the 2 Philippus,

and the disparity is almost as remarkable as that between

the ésof Sithon Batiheli, Boisd., and S. Diocles, Hewits.,

the 2s of which can scarcely be distinguished except by

one or two slight characters that would escape a cursory

comparison.

A single @ specimen was sent me from Pinetown, Natal,

by the late Dr. J. E. Seaman, and a é by Mr. Walter

Morant, towards the end of 1869. Both were rather

damaged, and I have hitherto deferred describing the

species in the hope of getting more perfect examples, but

have seen no others up to the present time. Dr. Seaman

noted the ¢ as having been taken in July, “ at an opening

in the bush ;” and Mr. Morant described the ¢ as occurring

334 Mr. Roland Trimen on

in June “on small trees by the waterside,” and further

observed, with reference to the ? sent by Dr. Seaman

(which he did not recognize as of the same species as

the ¢ sent by himself ),—* This is very scarce: I have a

single specimen in my collection, taken on a low tree near

water” (see note on 6 above) “ about two years ago, since

which time I have seen but one other.” Mr. E. C. Buxton

has lately sent me an unmistakeable photograph of a ¢,

taken by him in the Amaswazi Country.

I have named this species in memory of my late most

kind and valued correspondent, Dr. John Eglonton

Seaman, an excellent observer im many branches of

Natural Science. As one of the original promoters and

as secretary to the Natural History Association of Natal,

Dr. Seaman did good service in advancing the knowledge

of South-African zoology and botany, and was invariably

most generous and unselfish in placing both specimens and

observations at the disposal of other naturalists. Some of

his valuable notes on the larvee and pupz of Natalian

Lepidoptera are already in my hands, and I have reason

to hope that, through the kindness of my friend, Mr.

W. D. Gooch, of Spring Vale in Natal, I may receive

other material amassed in the course of Dr. Seaman’s

investigations.

Hab.—Pinetown, Natal.—In the collections of W.

Morant and R. Trimen. Amaswazi Country.—In the

collection of E. C. Buxton.

Genus APHN&US, Hiibn.

Aphneus namaguus,u.sp. (PI. I. figs. 5 and 6.)

Exp. (é) 1 in. 2—3 lin.; (2) 1 in. 41 lin.

$. Fuscous, with a vivid purple gloss. Forewing:

three rather narrow, yellow-ochreous markings, viz. a short,

quadrate, cellular one, adjoining median nervure between

origins of Ist and 2nd nervules, an elongate, curved,

irregular streak beyond middle, from close to costa, as far

as Ist median nervule, and a small sub-lunulate spot near

apex, between upper radial and 3rd median nervules; the

purple gloss covering inner-marginal region from base to

hind margin, but not. rising above median nervure or its

2nd nervule. Hindwing: purple extends from base to

hind margin, between sub-costal nervure and its Ist ner-

vule and sub-median nervyure; on anal angular lobe two

some new species of South African Lycenide. 335

blackish dots, scaled and ringed with silvery and whitish,

Cilia white. UNnpbErsipn.—Stlvery-white, with broad,

. dull ochreous-brown, centrally silver-streaked, black-edged

bars and spots. Forewing: a quadrate spot at base,

leaving costal edge and median nervure very narrowly

silvery-white ; before middle, a short bar from costa to

sub-median nervure; from about middle of costa a long

oblique bar extending towards anal angle, but becoming

obsolete just above sub-median nervure ; a round spot on

costa beyond middle; from costa, near apex, a much-

curved bar extending to between 3rd and 2nd median

nervules, where it abruptly and bluntly ends; a hind-mar-

ginal border of the same colour as the bars, commencing

at apex and becoming obsolete about sub-median nervure,

interiorly black-edged and rather sharply dentated, mesially

traversed by an interrupted black line, edged with whitish

on both sides. Hindwing: a basal and inner-marginal,

sub-macular bar, externally presenting five blunt projec-

tions, extending to about middle ; an irregular, oblique

central bar (continuous of first bar of forewing) extending

to a little before anal angle, where it is angulated back-

ward to inner margin by an elongate usually separate

portion; a large costal spot just before apex, in contact or

confluent with a very strongly angulated bar, which, com-

mencing just below apex, touches or is confluent with the

central bar just beyond extremity of discoidal cell, and

between 3rd and 2nd median nervules becomes confluent

with a hind-marginal border similar to that of forewing;

the traversing white-edged line of the hind-marginal

border is more continuous than in forewing ; black dots

on anal-angular lobe more conspicuous than on the upper-

side.

2. Without purple gloss, only presenting a slight

violaceous suffusion from bases ; yellow-ochreous mark-

ings strongly developed in both wings. Forewing: the

yellow-ochreous markings much enlarged and prolonged

inferiorly, so that the first and second are widely confluent

below lst median nervule, and the second and third nar-

rowly so between 3rd and 2nd median nervules; a faint

yellow mark in cell, near base. Hindwing: the position

of the silvery-white parts of the underside is roughly

indicated by suffused markings of yellow-ochreous, viz.,

one in cell near base, one on costa near apex, one on hind-

margin below apex, and one (largest) on median nervules,

a whitish line close and parallel to hind margin scaled

336 Mr. Roland Trimen on

with silvery on anal angular lobe. UNDERSIDE.—As in

3, but the bars and spots proportionally narrower, leaving

more of the silvery-white ground colour unoccupied.

- (Described from ten ¢ and one ¢ specimens.) ae

This Aphneus is a. near ally of A. Phanes, mihi

(Tr. Ent. Soc. 1873, p. 111, pl. 1., figs. 4, 5), resembling

the latter particularly in the silvery-white ground colour

of the underside, and the great development of the yellow-

ochreous bands on the upperside of the ?. The chief

difference of importance is presented by the underside of

the hindwing, in which, instead of being rather even and

almost parallel, the oblique bars are irregular and almost

sub-macular, and the outer one ts so strongly angulated as

to be confluent with the inner one near the end of the dis-

coidal cell. This arrangement breaks the silvery ground

colour beyond the middle inte three irregular markings,

and gives the underside an appearance quite different from

that of other Aphnei. Other distinctions from A. Phanes

are (in the ¢) the very undeveloped state of the ochreous

forewing upperside markings, which in one example are

very small and dull, and in another all but obsolete ; and

(in the ?) the different arrangement of the hindwing

upperside markings, which in both species follow, or

correspond with the silvery-white portions of the under-

side. In both sexes, the very dark colouring of the spots

and bars of the underside is a marked distinguishing

feature.

I first met with this species under a thorn-tree (known

as the “ One Tree” in a wide expanse of country) a few

miles from Annenous, on the line of railway laid down by

the Cape Copper Mining Company, and afterwards on

the road between Elboogfontein and Kockfontein ; near

the Komaggas Mission Station; and at Oograbies; but it

was numerous at the latter place only. It has the short

active flight of its congeners, but is less wary when

settled. It usually rests on the bare twigs of some low

shrub, with its head downward, and when disturbed will

sometimes return to the same perch. The ¢ has a very

dark, almost black appearance on the wing, but the only

ae met with had in flight more the look of A. caffer,

mihi.

Hab.— Namaqualand, Cape Colony.—In the collections

of the South-African Museum and R. Trimen.

some new species of South African Lycenide. 337

Genus ZeRITIs, Boisd.

Zeritis Lycegenes,n.sp. (Pl. II. fig. 7.)

Exp. 114 lin.

2(?). Bright sub-metallic orange-red, hind-marginally

edged with black ; forewing only with black spots, Fore-

wing: an elongate, sub-ovate spot at extremity of dis-

coidal cell; an indistinct, smaller spot below cell, close to

origin of first median nervule; beyond middle a row of 6

spots, of which the first 3 (between costa and 3rd median

nervule) are further from the base than the other 3 (be-

tween 3rd median nervule and sub-median nervure); costa

narrowly edged with blackish, widening at apex; hind-

marginal edging narrow, with slight projections between

the nervules. Hindwing: no spots or other markings,

except the hind-marginal edging, which emits prominent

inter-nervular projections. Unprrstpp.— Hindwing and

basal, costal and apical border of forewing, pale greyish-

ochreous. Forewing: besides markings of upperside (of

which the spot below cell is conspicuous), there are 2

cellular spots, of which that nearer base is minute; 2

costal dots above and beyond the spot closing cell; and a

sub-marginal row of 4 small sub-lunulate spots between

lower radial nervule and sub-median nervure (traces of 2

spots commencing this row are just visible in the apical

ochreous). Hindwing: 5 small, indistinct brown spots in

basal region, viz. 2 close to costa (one near base, the other

about middle), 1 in discoidal cell, 1 (elongate) closing cell,

and 1 between Ist median nervule and sub-median nervure ;

a little beyond middle, a transverse, irregular, sub-macular

brown streak, xot parallel to hind margin, extending from

near apex to sub-median nervure; a sub-marginal, very

indistinct, deeply-festooned, brownish streak, touching the

sub-macular streak on sub-costal nervules.

This little Zeritis is in character intermediate between

Z. Chrysaor, mihi, and Z. Lyncurium, mihi. From the

former it is separable by its smaller size, less metallic

upperside, different arrangement of the discal row of spots

in the forewings, and total want of spots in the hindwings,

while on the underside the brilliant metallic spots of

Chrysaor are scarcely indicated in the forewings, and the

duller ones of the hindwings wanting. From Z. Lyn-

curium it differs on the upperside in its paler colouring,

well-marked discal row of spots, and narrower hind-mar-

338 Mr. Roland Trimen on

ginal border, in the forewings; and entire want of the

broad basal, and especially costal, fuscous clouding, in the

hindwings: but on the underside is very similar, differing

chiefly in the discal row of spots in the forewings being

much more regular.

. The above description is made from the only example

that I have seen, which was taken by Mr. Walter Morant

near the Mooi River, in Natal, on the 15th September,

1870.

Hab.—Natal.—In the collection of W. Morant.

Zeritis Barklyi,u. sp. (PI. II. figs. 8 and 9.)

Exp. (¢) 1 in. 4—42 lin.; (2) 1 in. 4—5$ lin.

8. Pale silvery-grey, spotless. Forewing: an ill-de-

fined, dull-fuscous, macular or sub-macular, hind-marginal

border, forming rather a broad apical mark, but narrowing

lower down, and usually more or less interrupted by the

ground-colour or nervules. Hindwing: an elongate, ill-

defined, apical, fuscous marking, lying between lst sub-

costal and radial nervules. UUNDERSIDE.— Hindwing and

narrow border of forewing ashy brownish-grey ; rest of

forewing orange-red. Forewing: grey border, widening

slightly just before and at apex; a dark fuscous dash at

base inferiorly edging median nervure; black spots in

number and arrangement like those of Z. Thyra, Linn.,

and allies, viz. 3 white-centred cellular spots, a transverse,

discal, irregular row of 6, of which the 4 upper are white-

dotted interiorly, and two parallel sub-marginal rows of 7

each, of which the outer row is composed of very small

spots indistinctly marking the inner edge of the hind-mar-

ginal grey border. Hindwing: the following indistinct,

hardly sub-metallic, fuscous-edged, greyish spots, viz. 3

cellular (basal one minute, middle one near third), 2 supra-

cellular (wide apart), 2 infra-cellular, and 6 sub-confluent,

forming an irregular discal row ; a sub-marginal row of 7

thin fuscous lunules, and a marginal one of 7 fuscous sub-

lunulate spots (of which the three lower are well marked);

between the two rows one of pale orange lunular marks

(the 3 lower of which are usually well marked); on each

side of the irregular discal row of spots several more or

less indistinct pale orange marks. Cilia fuscous, varied

between nervules with greyish-white.

?. Not so glossy; forewing with a sub-apical, pale

orange-yellow, rounded patch. Forewing: patch lies

some new species of South African Lycenide. 339

between 3rd sub-costal and 1st median nervure, extending

from extremity of discoidal cell, and bounded externally

by the hind-marginal fuscous band (which is darker than

in é, broad, even and not macular). Unprrstpr.—<As

in ¢, but paler and duller throughout.

(Described from ten ¢ and three % specimens.) ;

In structure and in the colouring and marking of the

underside of the wings this species is plainly referable to

the group of which Z. Pierus, Cram., may be considered

as the type, but the silvery-grey of the upperside is a most

striking distinctive character, quite unique in the genus.

This peculiar colour is so pale that at first sight the

expanded ¢, with its orange apical patch in the forewings,

might almost be taken for a small, dull $ Anthocharis or

Callosune. ‘The underside markings combine to some

extent the characters of Z. Thyra, Linn., and Z. Pierus,

Cram., but the brownish-grey inclines much more to ashy

than in either of the species named, and the lunular and

scattered marks of pale orange in the hindwings are only

found in Z, Barkly.

I have named this butterfly after His Excellency Sir

Henry Barkly, the governor of the Cape Colony, to whose

kindness I owe the opportunity of visiting Namaqualand,

and who first called my attention to the species as some-

thing unusual. It was on the 17th August, 1873, between

Kockfontein and the Komaggas Mission Station, that the

insect was first observed, settling on the small pink flowers

of a species of Mesembryanthemum which carpeted the

sides of the waggon-road. Other localities where it was

subsequently seen were on the road from Komaggas to

Spectakel; near Steinbokfontein (between Spectakel and

Abbevlakte); and at Oograbies (about 15 miles inland

from Port Nolloth). It is very conspicuous on the wing,

the pale upperside (of the $ especially) flashing like silver

in the sunshine. Though settling frequently on flowers

and on the ground, it is by no means so easy of capture as

most of its allies, being unusually wary of approach and

swift in flight. While in motion it has much the appear-

ance of a large, pale Lycena, such as L. Corydon, Scop.,

or L. Asteris, Godt., but when it has settled its underside

colouring renders it as inconspicuous as its near congeners

in repose usually are. In the elevated, hilly country

Z. Barklyi seemed to be rather widely dispersed, but was

_ local in its haunts, being numerous in a few spots only—

340 Mr. Roland Trimen on

on the sunny slopes of hills. In the flat, sandy country

near the coast no examples were to be found.

Hab.— Namaqualand, Cape Colony.—In the collections

of the South-African Museum and Rk. Trimen.

Zeritis Orthrus, n. sp. (Pl. II. fig. 10.)

Exp. 1 in. 2—3 lin.

3. Fuscous-grey, with pale grey sub-marginal mark-

ings. Forewing: costa clouded with pale grey from base

to near apex; a transverse sub-marginal stripe, ill-defined

and somewhat dentated on its edges, extending from costa

to lst median nervule. Hindwing: between radial ner-

vure and anal angle a narrow, sharply-dentated streak, of

which the outward dentations reach the hind-marginal

edge upon the extremities of the nervules. Cilia of the

ground-colour, irregularly varied with pale grey. UNDER-

sIDE.—Hindwing, and costal, apical, and hind-marginal

border of forewing, very pale creamy-grey, with sub-

metallic spots; the markings generally almost identical

with those of Z. Taikosama, Wigrn. Forewing: the 2

spots before middle, below median nervure and its first

nervule, smaller and much more indistinct than in T'aiho-

sama, the white centre wanting in the inner spot in one

example, in the outer spot in the other; the outer of the

two sub-marginal rows of spots better marked than in

Taikosama. Hindwing: the fourth row of spots (beyond

middle) obsolete, only represented by some scarcely-trace-

able darker clouding, mixed with a few sub-metallic scales ;

a rather well-marked hind-marginal row of pale fuscous

spots, ending with a black spot at anal angle; a little

before the last-named spot a black dot.

This Zeritis resembles Z. Leroma, Wlern., in its total

lack of any fulvous colouring on the upperside, but is

easily distinguished by its pale grey markings. The

underside colouring, though much paler, approximates te

Z. Orthrus to Z. Molomo, mihi ( Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond.

1870, p. 373, pl. vi. f. 9), but it wants the outermost

(fourth) row of hindwing spots found in the latter, as well

as the brown clouding between that row and the third.

On the whole this new species stands nearest to Taiko-

sama, Wlgrn., both in upperside and underside markings,

but the singular colouring of the upperside stripes gives it

a very distinct aspect.

some new species of South African Lycenide. 341

The only examples I have seen, from which the fore-

going description is made, are two taken by Mr. Walter

Morant in Natal, on the 16th and 18th September, 1870,

i labelled respectively “‘ Bushman’s River” and “ Co-

enso.”

Hab.—Natal.—In the collection of W. Morant.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE II.

The locality of each specimen figured is given after its name and sex.

Figs. 1 and 2.—olaus Mimose, Trimen, $ and 9 (¢, Tsomo River,

Kaffraria; 9, Grahamstown, Cape Colony).

Figs. 3 and 4.—Hypolycena Seamani, Trimen, $ and 9 (Pinetown (?),

Natal). .

Figs. 5 and 6.—Aphneus namaquus, Trimen, ¢ and 9 (¢, Oograbies;

©, Komaggas; Little Namaqualand, Cape Colony).

Fig. 7—Zeritis Lycegenes, Trimen, 9? (Mooi River, Natal).

Figs. 8 and 9.—Zeritis Barklyi, Trimen, ¢ and 9 (4, between Komag-

gas and Spectakel; 9, Steinbokfontein, Little Nama-

qualand, Cape Colony).

Fig. 10.—Zeritis Orthrus, Trimen, ¢ (Bushman’s River, Natal).

( 343 >)

XIII. Descriptions of new species of Lycxnide, from

his own Collection. By W.C. Hewirson, F.L.S.

[Read 2nd March, 1874.]

FELDER’S genus Pseudodipsas contains insects of very

different construction, and I propose to follow Mr. Moore

in dividing it into three genera,—Pseudodipsas, Poritia

and Lycenesthes—and to describe several new species in

each of them. !

Pseudodipsas Ione has three branches from the sub-

costal nervure. I do not in these remarks count (as

Edward Doubleday did) the terminatiou of the subcostal

nervure itself as a fourth branch.

Poritia of Moore, which includes, together with P. Hewit-

sont, P. Sumatre and P. Erycinoides of Felder (counting

in the same way), has two branches only from the sub-

costal nervure. Mr. Moore says that there are four; but

I cannot understand how he comes to this conclusion,

unless he counts one of the discoidal nervures.

In many of the Lycenide the first branch from the

subcostal nervure, which is absorbed by the costal nervure

in one example of the same species, is free in another.

I cannot, however, trace any such absorption in the many

specimens which I have examined in this genus.

Lycenesthes has three subcostal branches; Moore says

five, but in this case it is clear that he has counted a dis-

coidal nervure as one. This genus, which has the appear-

ance of a Thecla, with the neuration of Lycena, will

contain Felder’s P. Lycenoides (Bengalensis, Moore),

P. Sylvanus of Drury, and P. Larydas of Cramer, and

several allied species which I now describe. L. Emolus

of Trimen (I quote him for the name, feeling, as he does,

a doubt as to its being Godart’s species), which he likens

to a Thecla, noting its rapid flight, his ZL. Otacilia, and

LL. Amarah of Guérin, will form part of this genus. All

the species which I have examined have, when fresh,

three tail-like tufts of hair (noticed by Moore) instead of

the more substantial tails of other genera; and this will,

I think, form an excellent characteristic of the genus,

TRANS. ENT. soc. 1874.— PART Ill. _ (JULY.)

344 Mr. W. C. Hewitson’s descriptions

_since they do not exist-(as far as I have noticed) in any

of the true Lycenas.

Pseudodipsas Cephenes.

Upperside dark brown. Posterior wing with a sub-

marginal series of five black pyramidal spots, bordered

with white.

Underside white. Both wings with four or five spots -

before the middle; both crossed beyond the middle by a

broad band, all slightly darker than the rest of the wing,

and bordered with brown. Anterior wing with two sub-

marginal bands of lunular brown spots. Posterior wing

with a minute.black spot near the base, and a submarginal

series of pyramidal spots; the anal angle and a spot near

it, where the outer margin projects, black, crowned with

orange.

Exp. 1} inch.

Hab.—India (Atkinson).

Pseudodipsas Digglesit.

Upperside. Male.—Brilliant morpho-blue. Anterior

wing with the costal margin which is narrow, and the

outer margin which is broad, dark brown. Posterior

wing with the outer margin which projects at the anal

angle, dark brown, narrow.

Underside grey. Anterior wing with a spot at the end

of the cell, a broken band of rufous spots beyond the

middle, and a submarginal band of black spots. Posterior

wing with a minute black spot near the base, five linear

rufous spots before the middle, a zig-zag band of brown

beyond the middle, and a submarginal series of black

spots; two brick-red spots below these, near the anal angle,

bordered below with silvery-blue.

Exp. 12 inch.

Hab.— Australia, Queensland (Diggles).

This species has been named after an Entomologist who

has given his generous aid to myself and others.

Poritia Phalena.

Upperside. Male.—Black. Both wings marked by

bands and spots of green. Anterior wing with a longitu-

dinal narrow band from the base to the middle, a band on

the mner margin, a trifid spot near the costal margin, and

a submarginal series of six spots. Posterior wing with

a band near the inner margin, two submarginal spots and

three spots on the outer margin; one of them, which is at

the anal angle, large, and marked by a black spot.

of new species of Lycenide. 345

Underside rufous-brown. Anterior wing crossed at the

middle by a band of white, and beyond it by a series of

five grey spots. Posterior wing white, with the base and

apex rufous-brown; several small brown spots near the

middle, followed by three larger spots of the same colour;

four large marginal spots, their centres and borders black.

Exp. 1} inch.

Hab.—Singapore (Wallace).

Portia Phalia.

Upperside. Male.—Both wings marked by bands and

spots of blue. Anterior wing with a band from the base

and on the inner margin, a trifid spot near the costal

margin, and a submarginal band of spots. Posterior wing

with a band near the inner margin, two spots below the

middle and three on the outer margin.

Underside pale lilac-brown. Both wings with the base

dark brown; both crossed at the middle by a band of brown

spots and by a submarginal rufous band. ‘Anterior wing

with a brown spot before the middle, and beyond it a

broad band of brown.

Exp. 1,%; inch.

Hab.—Borneo (Lowe).

This, the preceding and following species are alike on

the upperside. One description would do for the three.

Poritia Pharyge.

Upperside. Male.—Black. Both wings marked by

bands and spots of green. Anterior wing with a band

from the base and on the inner margin, a trifid spot near

the costal margin, and a submarginal series of five spots.

Posterior wing with a band near the inner margin, two

spots beyond the middle and three on the outer margin.

Underside rufous-brown. Anterior wing with a spot

before the middle, a linear broken band at the middle, and

a submarginal band of indistinct, brown spots. Posterior

wing crossed beyond the middle by three bands of spots ;

a linear blue band on the outer margin.

Exp. 13% inch.

Hab.—Borneo (Lowe).

TRANS. ENT. soc. 1874.—PART II. (JULY.) AA

346 Mr. W. C. Hewitson’s descriptions

Poritia Pheretia.

Upperside. Male.—Anterior wing black, with a band

from the base to the middle, a band on the inner margin,

and a transverse band of four spots beyond the middle, all

ereen-blue. Posterior wing green-blue, with the costal

‘margin and a spot below the middle dark brown.

Underside rufous, pale. Anterior wing crossed at the

middle by a band of white. Posterior wing irrorated with

white at the middle and crossed by a band of brown spots ;

three large spots on the outer margin; the two largest

white, at the anal angle bordered with black, the middle

spot marked with black, the outer spot black.

Female rufous-brown. Posterior wing with the outer

half nearly lilac-white ; underside like the male, except that

the anterior wing is crossed by a second band of white.

Exp. 1), inch.

Hab.—Singapore ( Wallace).

Poritia Philota.

Upperside. Male.—Black. Anterior wing with bands

and spots of blue ; a short band at the base of the costal

nervure, a band from the base to the middle, a band on

the inner margin, a trifid spot beyond the middle and a

submarginal series of spots. Posterior wing with the inner

half blue, marked by large black spots.

Underside rufous-brown, undulated throughout with

paler colour, and marked by a series of pale hastate spots

on the outer margin.

Exp. 1,4; inch.

Hab.—Sumatra (Wallace).

Poritia Pleurata.

Upperside. Male.—Brilliant blue. Anterior wing with -

the costal margin and apical half which is marked by two

blue spots, dark brown. Posterior wing with the costal

margin broadly brown ; the outer margin black, spotted

with white.

Underside white, crossed everywhere by rufous bands

and spots, and marked near the outer margin by a series

of singularly-formed spots. Anterior wing with a black

spot at the anal angle. Posterior wing with three black

spots, the spot nearest the anal angle crowned with

orange.

of new species of Lycenide. 347

Female rufous-brown. Anterior wing with a large

orange central spot. Posterior wing with an oblique

central band and three spots of orange near the outer

margin ; a submarginal linear band of white; underside

like the male, but less crowded with spots.

Hxp. 155 inch.

Hab.—Singapore (Wallace).

Poritia Promula.

Upperside. Female.—Cerulean blue. Anterior wing

with the costal margin, the apical half, the outer margin,

part of the inner margin, and a spot at the end of the cell,

dark brown ; a spot of blue near the outer margin. Pos-

terior wing pale brown, irrorated with blue.

Underside grey-white, crossed throughout by very pale

rufous bands and spots, the outer margins rufous; a black

spot, bordered above with orange, at the anal angle of each

wing.

Exp. 12 inch.

Hab.—Java (Wallace).

Poritia Potina.

Upperside. Female.—Orange. Anterior wing with

the apex, the outer and inner margins, and a linear spot

at the end of the cell, dark brown. Posterior wing angular

a little below the apex, clouded with rufous-brown, and

marked by three large brown spots near the outer margin.

Underside rufous, tinted with lilac, a linear spot at the

end of the cell. Crossed before the middle by a rufous-

brown band (broken into spots on the posterior wing),

crossed beyond the middle by two bands (near together)

of the same colour.

Exp. 1? inch.

Hab.—Singapore (Wallace).

Lycenesthes Lusones.

Upperside. Male.—Dark brown. Anterior wing with

an orange spot near the inner margin below its middle.

Posterior wing with a black spot between two of the anal

tufts of hair, bordered on each side with orange.

Underside dark brown. Both wings crossed by several

curved bands of white, both with a broader continuous

band near the outer margin, and two closely approximating

marginal bands of the same colour. Anterior wing with

AAZ

348 Mr. W. C. Hewitson’s descriptions

an orange spot on the inner margin, below the middle.

Posterior wing with two black spots near the anal angle,

bordered with orange and irrorated with silver.

Exp. 32 inch.

Hab.—Gaboon (Rogers).

Lycenesthes Leptines.

Upperside. Male.—Dark brown. Anterior wing with

a large, central, orange spot. Posterior wing with a central

spot of orange, and three black spots on the outer margin

bordered with orange.

Underside white. Both wings with several brown bands

and black spots, and a submarginal brown band. Posterior

wing with three black spots (two at the anal angle), bor-

dered with orange and irrorated with silver.

Exp. 15 inch.

Hab.—Congo.

Lycenesthes Lysicles.

Upperside. Male.—Dark brown. Anterior wing tinted

with lilac towards the inner margin. Posterior wing with

a band from the base to the middle, a spot beyond the

middle and some submarginal lunular spots, all lilac-blue.

Underside brown. Both wings crossed irregularly by

several bands of pure white; both with a submarginal

band, split into two, near the apex of the anterior wing.

Posterior wing with three marginal black spots, one bor-

dered above with orange and two at the anal angle, all

irrorated with silver.

Exp. 135 inch.

Hab.—Old Calabar.

Nearly allied to L. Laridas.

Lycenesthes Lacides.

Upperside. Male.—Dark brown.

Underside dark brown. Both wings crossed by nine

linear bands of white, formed of lunular spots on the outer

margins. Posterior wing with an oblong white spot near

the costal margin beyond its middle; the lobe and a spot

between the tails (which has a rufous border) black, irro-

rated with silver.

Exp. 4° inch.

Hab.—West Africa, Angola (Rogers).

of new species of Lycenide. 349

Lycenesthes Lucretilis.

Upperside. Male.—Dark brown. Both wings irrorated

with blue-white in the form of very indistinct spots and

bands.

Underside dark brown. Both wings with several spots

and bands of white, and two submarginal bands of linear

spots of the same colour. Anterior wing crossed before

and beyond the middle by distinct bands of white, the

outer band (which is submarginal) broken below the

apex. Posterior wing with a distinct white spot before

the middle; the lobe, and a large spot near it, black,

irrorated with silver.

Exp. 37 inch.

West Africa, Gaboon (Rogers).

Lycenesthes Liodes.

Upperside. Male.—Dark lilac-blue; the outer mar-

gins dark brown, narrow, the fringe white. Posterior

wing with two or three black spots near the anal angle,

bordered below with blue-white.

Underside grey-white. Both wings with a spot at the

end of the cell; both crossed beyond the middle by a

band of spots and by two submarginal bands, all pale

erey-brown. Posterior wing with a black spot near the

base and two black spots near the anal angle crowned

with orange and irrorated with silver.

Exp. 1 inch.

Hab.—Gaboon (Rogers).

Lycenesthes Ligures.

Upperside. Male.—Purple, with the margins dark

brown.

Underside rufous-brown. Both wings with a spot at

the end of the cell; both crossed beyond the middle by a

broad rufous band, bordered on both sides with white, and

by a narrow submarginal band of brown (zigzag on the

posterior wing), also bordered with white. Posterior wing

with two orange spots marked with black near the outer

margin; the anal spot marked by two black spots, all

irrorated with silvery-blue.

Exp. 1,4) inch.

Hab.— Angola (Rogers).

350 Mr. W. C. Hewitson’s descriptions

Lycenesthes Licates.

Upperside. Male.—Lilac-blue. Anterior wing with

the costal and outer margins dark brown, very narrow.

Underside cinereous. Both wings crossed from the

base to the outer margin by short linear distinct bands of

pure white. Posterior wing with a black spot on the

outer margin crowned with orange; the outer margin

near the anal angle, white, marked with black.

Female.—Dark rufous-brown. Posterior wing with a

submarginal white line; underside like the male, except

that there are no white bands near the base of the anterior

wing.

Exp. 1,3, inch.

Hab.— Makassar (Wallace),

Nearly allied to L. Licenoides of Felder, from which

it is quite distinct in the position of the linear bands of

the underside. It has also a very different female.

Hypochrysops Dicomas.

Upperside. Male.—Rufous-brown.

Underside, rufous-orange, clouded with brown. Both

wings marked throughout by many small spots of silvery-

blue; both with two linear bands of blue from the base.

Anterior wing with a submarginal band of the same

colour broken into spots.

Exp. 32 inch.

Hab.—W aigiou (Wallace).

Hypochrysops Halyetus.

Upperside. Male.—Brilliant morpho-blue. Anterior

wing with the costal margin, the apex where it is broad,

and the outer margin, dark brown. Posterior wing with

the costal margin broadly dark brown; a submarginal

band of orange.

Underside orange-yellow. Anterior wing with seven

spots of gold-green near the costal margin, three of them

near together before the apex; three large brown spots

(sometimes united) near the outer margin. Posterior

wing crossed by four bands of brilliant gold-green; the

second and third bands preceded on the costal margin by

a separate spot; the submarginal band broken into large,

oblong: spots.

Female like the male, except that it is lilac-blue above,

of new species of Lycenide. 301

and has a linear band of orange on the outer margin of

both wings.

Exp. 1,4 inch.

Hab.— Australia (Swan River).

Hypochrysops Hypates.

Upperside. Dark brown. Anterior wing orange, with

the costal and outer margins and apex very broadly

brown. Posterior wing with an orange spot at the anal

angle.

Underside. Anterior wing rufous-orange, with two

subcostal linear silvery-blue bands and spots, and a sub-

marginal series of six spots of the same colour: crossed

transversely beyond the middle of a band of scarlet.

Posterior wing yellow, crossed near the base by two

straight bands of black, bordered partly on both sides with

silver-blue; crossed at the middle by a curved band of

black, and beyond it by a linear black band, bordered out-

wardly with silver-blue ; the second and third bands

scarlet where they touch the inner margin; the outer

margin, broadly scarlet, traversed by a band of silver

broken into spots towards the apex.

Exp. 1,3, inch.

Hab.—Malay Archipelago, Kaiou ( Wallace).

A splendid insect, ‘resembling H. Eucletus on the

underside.

Hypochrysops Hippuris.

Upperside. Male.—Lilac-blue. Anterior wing with

a large central spot of white; the costal and outer margins

and apex and a minute spot at the end of the cell, black;

brilliantly blue near the costal margin. Posterior wing

with the costal margin white; the outer margin black.

Underside white, Anterior wing with the costal margin

broadly brown, traversed by a broken band and some

minute spots of silver-blue; the outer margin rufous,

traversed by a series of linear spots and crossed near the

apex by three spots, all silver-blue. Posterior wing

crossed transversely by four bands of dark brown; the

base which is brown, and the first band which is near it,

bordered outwardly with silver; the second and third

bands which are broad and straight, bordered on both

352 Mr. W. C. Hewitson’s descriptions.

sides, and the fourth band, which is curved, is bordered on

the outside only, with the same colour ; the outer margin

rufous.

Exp. 1,4; inch.

Hab.—Malay Archipelago, Aru (Wallace).

Nearly allied to H. Doleschallit of Felder.

Hypochrysops Herdonius.

Upperside. Male.—Dark brown. Anterior wing from

the base to beyond the middle, between the median nervure

and the inner margin, white, bordered with silver-blue.

Posterior wing with the basal half white, except the base

itself, which is brown ; three longitudinal bands of silver-

blue between the subcostal and median nervures.

Underside. Anterior wing as above, except that there

is a broad band of silver-green (which is continued past

the apex to the middle of the outer margin) near the

costal margin, and a submarginal series of six brilliant

linear silver spots. Posterior wing black, crossed before

the middle by a broad band of white, tinted with yellow;

a band near the base and a broad band near the outer

margin, which is traversed by a series of black spots, blue ;

a submarginal band of brilliant silver-blue.

Exp. 13 inch.

Hab.—Malay Archipelago, Aru (Wallace).

Deudorizx Deritas.

Upperside. Male.—Dark glossy blue, with the outer

margin black, very narrow. Anterior wing with the costal

margin dark brown. Posterior wing with one tail.

Underside dark brown. Both wings crossed beyond

the middle by three linear bands of white: the first band

straight on the anterior wing, the second band of the

posterior wing very indistinctly marked, the third or sub-

marginal band composed of lunular spots. Posterior wing

with two black spots at the apex, a black caudal spot bor-

dered with orange, the lobe black, crowned with orange. -

Exp. 12 inch.

Hab.— Angola (Rogers).

Deudorizx Deliochus.

_ Upperside. Male.—Anterior wing dark brown; the

imner margin (which is slightly curved outwards where

of new species of Lycenide. 303-

ornamented by a tuft of hair) from its base to its middle,

and bounded above by the median nervure, lilac-blue.

Posterior wing with one tail, lilac-blue; the costal margin

polished near the base, dark brown below; the lobe, which

18 very prominent, orange and black.

Underside ferruginous. Both wings crossed by four

distinct linear bands of white, the fourth band near the

apex, short; both crossed by two submarginal bands of

lunular white spots. Posterior wing with a black caudal

spot, bordered with orange, and a black spot, irrorated with

silver-blue.

Exp. 1,35 inch.

Hab.—India.

Myrina bimaculata.

Upperside. Dark brown. Anterior wing with one large

yellow spot towards the middle of the inner margin. Pos-

terior wing with one tail marked beyond the middle by an

ill-defined yellow spot, irrorated with brown; the lobe

(which has an orange spot) and the caudal spot black; a

marginal white line.

Underside grey-white. Both wings crossed by two

submarginal bands of pale brown. Anterior wing crossed

beyond the middle by a rufous band, bordered on both

sides with white. Posterior wing crossed a little below

the middle by two approximate zigzag bands of pale brown

from the anal angle to the discoidal nervure: the caudal

spot and the lobe and a small spot between them, which is

irrorated with silver, all black, bordered with orange.

Exp. 1,5 inch.

Hab.—Gaboon (Rogers).

Myrina Nomenia.

Upperside. Male.—Orange. Anterior wing with the

costal margin, which is very broad, and the outer margin,

dark brown, darkest in the cell. Posterior wing with one

tail, the outer margin black, narrow, the abdominal fold

dark brown.

Underside yellow; the fringe brown. Posterior wing

with two caudal lunular spots and the lobe, which are

irrorated with silver, and the nervures where they touch

them, black.

Exp. $2 inch.

Hab.—Old Calabar.

354 Mr. W. C. Hewitson’s descriptions

Zeritis Zaraces.

Upperside. Male.—Grey-brown. Anterior wing with

a black spot at the end of the cell and a second beyond it,

the space between them white; a black spot near the

middle of the inner margin, its centre pale; crossed be-

yond these, parallel to the outer margin, by a hexafid

band of pale yellow. Posterior wing with a central pale

yellow spot, bordered above and below with black.

Underside grey-brown, undulated throughout with

darker brown. Anterior wing with the centre yellow,

marked as above by the spot at the end of the cell, the

black spot beyond (which is divided into two), and by a

band of four black spots. Posterior wing with four or five

sub-basal spots and a transverse band beyond the middle of

rufous-brown.

Female white. Both wings with the base and margins

broadly brown; both with a black spot at the end of the

cell and a short band of the same colour beyond it. Anterior

wing with a large, triangular black spot in the middle.

Underside like the male.

Exp. 1? inch.

Hab.—South Africa.

The male of this species is very closely allied to Z. Pro-

tumnus, but has a very different female.

Zeritis Zorites.

Upperside. Male.—Rufous-brown.

Underside pale rufous-grey. Anterior wing with two

white spots within and one at the end of the cell, bordered

with black and irrorated with gold, an angular, hexafid

band of white beyond the middle, bordered with black

and irrorated with gold; a band of white near the outer

margin, marked on both sides with minute brown spots,

the spots on the inner side irrorated with silver. Posterior

wing With some white spots near the base, bordered with

black; crossed beyond the middle by two white bands,

bordered on both sides by brown spots, the spots on the

inner side of these bands irrorated with silver.

Exp. & 3%, 2 14 inch.

South Africa (Buxton).

Mr. Buxton has very kindly given me specimens of this

species, taken by himself. It is very unlike other brilliant

species of the same genus.

of new species of Lycenide. 35

Liphyra Leucyania.

Upperside. Male. — Rufous-brown. Posterior wing

with the outer margin angular at the first branch of the

median nervure.

Underside white. Anterior wing with four spots on the

costal margin, a subapical band and a submarginal band

from the apex to beyond the middle, irrorated with rufous-

brown and bordered with dark brown. Posterior wing

crossed near the base by some rufous lines; crossed at the

middle and near the outer margin by broad bands, irro-

rated with rufous-brown and bordered with dark brown.

Female brown. Anterior wing convex on the outer

margin, dark brown, with a large white spot before the

middle. Posterior wing angular at the second branch

of the median nervule. Underside white, smeared with

brown. Anterior wing with a short linear band of brown

below the apex. Posterior wing with a triangular spot

near the base, a line crossing the cell and a line above the

anal angle, all dark brown.

Exp. ¢ 1,8, 2 14% inch.

Hab.—Old Calabar.

\ ural, wh iv vas

eds we

. aie = wg }.

oy ie bia elie

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i bat Ae es

uy Las 1 ety es weet

nt Baty ithe : =o

XIV. Llustrations of several additional species of

Lucanide in the Collection of Major F. J.

Sidney Parry. By J. O. Westwoop, M.A.,

RES.

[Read 16th March, 1874.]

I am again indebted to Major F. J. S. Parry for an oppor-

tunity of describing several interesting species of Lucanide

in his very rich collection of these insects, and of figuring

two others (hitherto unrepresented), which have been

already described by him.

The first of these species is so unlike every known insect

in the family as to render the establishment of a new genus

or sub-genus for its reception necessary. The second is a

valuable addition to the genus Heterochthes, known hitherto

by a single species of so great rarity that I believe only a

single male and one of the opposite sex are in any cabinet.

The fourth species appears to be a strangely developed

specimen of the male of Odontolabis striatus.

Eulepidius luridus. (Pl. III. fig. 1.)

Cyclommato et Prosopocoilo proximus.

Character subgenericus.— Corpus undique squamosum.

Caput transverso-quadratum. Oculi septo antice paullo

incisi. Prosternum simplex. Maxillz inermes. Mentum

transversum palporum basin obtegens. Mandibule ¢

capitis longitudine, basi intus in dentem magnum planum

triangularem dilatate. Tibize 2 anticze apice extus bifidee.

Tarsi subtus setosi.

Char. spec.—Niger, punctatus, squamulis minutis Iuteo-

sericeis undique tectus; capite prothorace minori lateribus

rectis, oculis antice cantho parum incisis, margine antico

clypei late emarginato depresso, et depressione centrali

notato; mandibulis capitis longitudine, basi late trigonis,

in medio subito intus angulatis, apicibus acutis simplici-

bus; pedibus parum elongatis, tibiis anticis apice externo

producto bifido, 4 posticis simplicibus; tarsis subtus luteo-

setosis, prosterno simplici postice haud angulato retro

producto.

Long. corp. lin. 8}; mand. lin. 1}.

Habitat Borneo. In Mus. Parry.

TRANS. ENT. soc. 1874.—PART III. (JULY.)

358 Mr. J. O. Westwood’s Jllustrations

This curious species is about the size of Cacostomus

squamosus, agreeing with it in the small scales with which

it is everywhere covered ; the mandibles, eyes (having only

a slight incision in front), and especially the remarkable

mandibles, however, entirely separate it from that genus.

The head is smaller than the prothorax, transverse, with the

sides nearly straight and parallel ; the eyes are not promi-

nent, and the sides of the head in front of the eyes form

an obtuse angle; the front of the head is deeply emarginate

and the middle of the disk of the head between the eyes

is marked by two raised spaces. The antennz are of

moderate length, the three terminal joints comparatively

small, the preceding (seventh) joint not being larger than

the sixth ; the mandibles are about the length of the head,

they are flat above, the basal half being dilated into a large

triangular tooth, of which the anterior margin is slightly

produced in the middle; the inner basal angle is produced

inwardly into an acute point, and the outer base extends

outwardly, forming a right angle; beyond the middle they

are suddenly angulated inwardly, terminating in an acute

point; their upper surface is punctured and setose; the

mentum is transverse, deeply punctured, with the anterior

lateral angles rounded, the extremity of the labial palpi

being alone visible beyond its fore margin. The maxillee

have the outer lobe very setose, the inner lobe minute and

simple. The prothorax is wider than long, the lateral

margin rounded and serrated, the posterior half of the

lateral margin being obliquely truncate; the middle of the

disk in front has a slight longitudinal depression ; the

scutellum is minute and semicircular. The elytra are

rather narrower at the base than the prothorax, and have

the anterior lateral angles angulated ; the disk is opake,

being covered with minute punctures, each emitting a

luteous squamula; on each may also be perceived four ill-

defined, slender, longitudinal, slightly-raised carine. The

body beneath is covered with coarser setigerous punctures,

except on the abdomen, where they are very fine and small.

The prosternum is simple, gradually narrowed between the

bases of the fore legs, behind which it does not form a

produced raised angle. The anterior tibize are moderately

long and slender, the apex externally being prolonged and

terminated by two spines. The four posterior tibiz are

externally unarmed, and the tarsi are clothed on the under-

side with long fulvous hairs.

of species of Lucanide. 3909

The scales on the pronotum form seven more decided

patches.

Heterochthes Andamanensis. (PI. III. fig. 2.)

Latus, niger, elytris nitidis levibus, capite prothoracis

latitudine, mandibulis capite dimidio longioribus, prope

basin arcuatis, dente apicali incurvo, tuberculoque minuto

subapicali armatis; oculis septo omnino divisis, occipite

in medio postice impressione parva oblong4 notato; tibiis

anticis extus 5-6-dentatis; 4 posticis extus in medio iner-

mibus, prosterno in medio longitudinaliter canaliculato.

~ Long. corp. lin. 17; mandib. lin. 64.

Habitat ins. Andamanenses. In Mus. Parry.

In its general character this insect approaches nearest

to Heterochthes brachypterus (Trans. Ent. Soc., 3rd Ser.,

vol. 11.* pl. xi. fig. 1), but differs in its wider and more

flattened form, with the head not wider than the prothorax

and the elytra flatter and more cordate inform. The head

and thorax are black, scarcely shining, and impunctate

except at the sides, where the punctures become gradually

more distinct and coarse; the front margin of the head is

gradually depressed and not elevated asin H. brachypterus;

the sides of the head, behind the eyes, have a rounded

tubercle, and in the centre near the hind margin is an oval

depression. The elytra are black, glossy, and under a

high lens are seen to be finely punctured; their lateral

margins are recurved. On the underside the head is

strongly and the jugulum finely punctured. The anterior

tibize are five-toothed on their outer edge, and the four

posterior tibie short, unarmed and setose. The prosternum

(which in HZ. brachypterus is convex in the centre, with a

longitudinal impressed line on each side) is here marked

in the centre with two irregular longitudinal impressions.

Leptinopterus fraternus. (Pl. III. fig. 3.)

Niger, subnitidus, capite magno plano, antice emarginato,

postice in medio impresso et utrinque spatio glabro punc-

tato notato, pronoti angulis posticis oblique truncatis, disco

crebre punctato, punctis setigeris; scutello nigro, nudo ;

elytris luteo-rufis, unicoloribus.

* Plates XI. and XII. are mislettered Vol. I. instead of Vol. I.

360 Mr. J. O. Westwood’s Illustrations

Long. corp. masc. lin. 12; foem. lin. 8; mand. maris

hineicis

Habitat in Brasilié. In Mus. Parry.

This species is closely allied to L. polyodontus, but is

slightly smaller and is at once distinguished by the flat

and thin mandibles of male, the glabrous granulated patch

on each side of the hind part of the head, the naked

scutellum, and the uniform colour of the elytra. The

mandibles of the male have a truncate tooth near the base

of the inner edge, followed by a small tubercle; at one-

third of their length is a small conical tooth, and at two-

thirds of their length is a larger tooth, preceded by a

minute tubercle, and followed by four small teeth on the

right-hand mandible and by five similar ones on the left

mandible. The head of the male has a distinct depression,

acuminated behind; in the middle of the hind part, and

on each side of this towards the posterior lateral angles of

the head, is a shining, coarsely granulated space, the re-

mainder of the head being very delicately granulated. The

prothorax is slightly glossy on its upper side, covered with

minute punctures, and the posterior angles are more

obliquely truncate than in L. polyodontus. The elytra

are also very delicately punctured, and on each, with a

lens, are to be observed six or seven very delicate longi-

tudinal striz. The anterior tibiz are serrated, the three

or four terminal teeth being the largest. The middle

tibize have a minute spine in the middle of the outer edge.

The scutellum is naked and black.

The female is more shining than that of LZ. polyodontus,

with larger punctures, especially on the pronotum, which

is black and destitute of the slight metallic reflexion seen in

that species. The scutellum is naked as in the male, and

the elytra have the suture slenderly marked with black;

the punctures of the elytra are more decidedly visible

than in the male, and they are marked with five longi-

tudinal strize as in that sex.

Odontolabis striatus, var. (P1. III. fig. 4.)

Deyrolle, Ann. Soc. Ent. France, 4 Sér. t. iv. 1864,

plate 4, fig. 3.

The insect here represented is regarded by Major Parry

as an extreme development of O. striatus. It is from

of species of Lucanide. 361

Borneo, of a black colour, slightly shining and much

rubbed, but the longitudinal bands of colour formed by

fine sete are distinctly visible on the sides of the elytra,

on the disk of which are also to be observed with a lens

alternate longitudinal spaces thickly covered with minute

punctures (each of which has doubtless emitted a fine seta

now abraded), with intervening spaces almost destitute of

the fine punctures; in this manner four distinct rows of

fulvous sete can be traced on each elytron. The head

and thorax have also evidently been abraded. The head,

instead of being transverse as in the type of O. striatus, is

here nearly square, almost flat on the crown with the fore

margin nearly straight, and projecting considerably over

the base of the mandibles, the clypeus being, in fact,

inflexed beneath; the sides of the head near the eyes are

punctured ; the mandibles are about twice the length of the

head, the basal half compressed, with a large, triangular,

slightly bifid tooth halfway between the middle and the

apex, which is also bifid, and in the anterior curve of the

lower tooth is a minute tubercle; behind the eyes the

sides of the head have a small but acute incision ; the pro-

thorax has aslight lateral and posterior raised margin. The

anterior tibiz are externally armed with six teeth, of

which the first is minute and placed near the middle of

the outer edge; the extremity of these tibize is flattened, and

the teeth close together, so as to appear nearly palmate.

The four hind tibiz are unarmed in the middle of the

outer edge; they are ornamented with longitudinal rows

of fulvous sete. The tarsi are villose beneath. The eyes

are entirely divided by the slender septum. The mentum

is transverse, densely setose. The maxille have the outer

lobe strongly setose, and the inner lobe minute and simple.

The prosternum is black, glossy, and concealed behind the

insertion of the forelegs, where it forms an acute prominent

point. The metasternum and abdomen are impunctate,

subopake and slightly setose.

The specimen is 13} lines long, and the mandibles are

6 lines long; the latter are deflexed.

Nigidius obesus, Parry. (PI. III. fig. 5.)

Trans. Ent. Soc. 3rd Ser. vol. 1. p. 63.

“N. convexus, brevis, nigerrimus, nitidus; capite utrinque

infra oculos auriculato; mandibulis subrecurvis, intus ad

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART III. (JULY.) BB

362 Mr. J. O. Westwood’s Illustrations

basin processu bifido productis, extus pone medium dente

parvo obtuso armatis; prothorace crebre grosseque punc-

tato, in medio obsolete late longitudinaliter canaliculato,

angulis anticis simplicibus; elytris brevibus, convexis,

rugoso-punctatis, fortiter sulcatis, interstitiis leevibus.”

Habitat Penang, Malacca. In Mus. Parry.

Long. corp. lin. 74 (mandib. inclus.).

Gnaphaloryx sculptipennis, Parry. (PI. III. fig. 6.)

Trans. Ent. Soc. 38rd Ser. vol. i. p. 52.

Niger, opacus, undique luteo-squamulosus, mandibulis

capitis longitudine, intus fere rectis, apice acutis, dente

crasso interno subbasali ; elytris bicostatis, interstitiis lineis

elevatis et punctatis notatis.

Long. corp. (cum mandib.) lin. 8.

Habitat Nova Guinea. In Mus. Lugdunensi et D.

Parry.

This species has very much the appearance of and is

closely allied to Gnaphaloryx squalidus, Hope (tomentosus,

Dej.), but is comparatively rather shorter, and the short

thick hairs or scales with which it is everywhere clothed

are of a paler colour. The head is transverse, with two

slightly raised circular spaces between the centre of the

occiput and the eyes, leaving a slight depression between

them; the mandibles are about the length of the head,

not much curved, the inner edge being nearly straight

and entire, except near the base, where there is a large,

_ strong, transverse tooth, obliquely truncate at the tip; the

canthus of the eyes is more distinct and angulated in front

behind the insertion of the antennz than in G. squalidus ;

the prothorax has the lateral margins rather more convex

than in that species, and the middle of the disk has a

decided longitudinal impression. The elytra have the

suture raised, and each has two longitudinal elevated

coste, which are thickly clothed with scales; between the

suture and the first costa is one row, between the first and

second cost are three rows, and between the second costa

and the lateral margin are several less distinct rows of

small raised tubercles, forming strix separated at intervals

by impressions ; the interstitices are finely punctured and

squamose at the extremity of the elytra (which are there

denuded of scales), the subsutural and following strize are

seen forming deeply impressed lines, the central tubercular

strie terminating at some distance from the extremity of

of species of Lucanide. 33

the elytra. The legs are slender and squamose, the an-

terior tibie armed at the extremity on the outside with

two teeth ; the four posterior tibiz are unarmed in the

middle on the outside. The body beneath is but mode-

rately squamose, the sides of the head and mesosternum

being deeply punctured.

EXPLANATION OF PLATE III.

ig. 1.—Lulepidius luridus ; 1a, head seen from above; 1b, eye; 1e,

maxilla; 1d, mentum; 1 e, extremity.

Fig. 2.—_Heterochthes Andamanensis; 2a, labrum; 26, mentum with

tips of maxillary and labial palpi; 2, eye divided by canthus;

2 d, prosternum.

Fig. 3.— Leptinopterus fraternus.

Fig. 4.— Odontolabis striatus, var.; 4a, apex of mandible; 4 d, eye divided

by canthus; 4c, maxilla; 4d, mentum.

Fig. 5.—Nigidius obesus; 5 a, mandible.

Fig. 6.—Gnaphaloryx sculptipennis; 6a, front of left side of the head

with mandible.

@) acon

XV. Further descriptions of Lucanoid Coleoptera. By

Major F. J. Sipnny Parry, F.L.S.

[Read 6th April, 1874.]

Fam. CHIASOGNATHIDZ.

Gen. SPHENOGNATHUS.

THE insects pertaining to the genera Chiasognathus and

Sphenognathus appear at the present period to be exclu-

sively distributed over the several countries which form

the western portion of Southern America, their habitat

extending, as far as we at present know, from Columbia

to Chili; hitherto they have been but scantily represented

im our collections, and of the genus Sphenognathus,

S. prionoides, Buquet, and S, Fetsthameli, Guérin, were

for a long period the only two species known to ento-

mologists, whereas at present we are acquainted with four

species of Chiasognathus and twelve of Sphenognathus,

and it is more than probable that others will hereafter be

added to the list. Much difficulty is experienced in

determining the species of the genera for want of sufficient

material illustrating the various developments of the

insect, and, further, the abnormal state they so often pre-

sent (in reference to their pubescent condition) is a great

stumbling-block to the entomologist, the normal state of

the species being seldom available for description.

The following are the characters of several new species

which have recently fallen under my notice, represented

unfortunately (with the exception of S. nobilis) by single

specimens only. I have also given the diagnosis, accom-

panied with a figure of a species recently described by

Mr. C. Waterhouse, and furthermore a list of all the

species belonging to both the genera alluded to up to the

present period. I may also mention that a 3rd edition of

a general Catalogue of all the species of Lucanoid Cole-

optera, hitherto described, is nearly ready for publication.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART II. (JULY.)

366 Major F. J. Sidney Parry’s descriptions

Sphenognathus nobilis, 8, Parry (var. max.). (PI. IV.

fig. 1.) (¢ incognita.)

S. castaneus, viridi-metallicus tinctus, elongatus, sub-

convexus, subtiliter granulosus, mandibulis, capite, protho-

raceque brevioribus, porrectis, punctatis, apicibus incurvatis,

supra et intus in medio tuberculis nodosis irregulariter

instructis, dentoque basali et subapicali armatis; capite

quadrato, antice elevato, utrinque nodoso, ante oculos

angulato, articulis antennarum elongatis, clava modice

producté; prothorace angusto elongato, disco elevato,

lateribus subtiliter crenatis, angulis posticis reflexis, den-

ticulo parvo instructis ; elytris modice vermiculatis, angulis

humeralibus rotundatis, minute tuberculatis ; tibiis anticis

curvatis, fusco-castaneis, intus et extus irregulariter denti-

culatis, intermediis posticisque flavis, fere rectis, extus

minutissime dentatis, tarsis nigro-piceis; mandibulis,

capite, prothoracis lateribus, scutelloque regioni, et corpore

subtus, longa pubescentia fulva obsolete vestitis.

Long. corp. une. 1, lin. 6; mandib. lin. 6.

Hab.— Venezuela. Coll. Parry.

S. nobilis is at once distinguished from its congeners by

the narrow, elongate and subconvex form of its prothorax,

its glabrous appearance and brilliant irridescent coloration.

The strong subapical tooth of the mandibles is peculiar to

this species and appears to be constant in the three varieties

of development in my collection; moreover, the antennz

exhibit a remarkable difference from the other species of

the genus, in their more slender scapus, and conspicuously

longer joints, those of the clava being much less produced,

while on the other hand the legs are considerably more

robust.

Sphenognathus signatus, 2, Parry (var. minor). (Pl. V.

fig. 2.) ( incognita.)

S. obscure brunneo-neus, prothorace lateribus cupreo-

tinctis, mandibulis capite paulo longioribus, punctatis,

intus-obtuse dentatis, et extus prope basin tuberculo parvo

instructis; capite fere ut in S. armato ; prothorace elytris

angustiori, in medio subconvexo, leviter canaliculato,

grosse et irregulariter punctato, lateribus crenulatis, angulis

posticis unidentatis; elytris apicem versus dilatatis,

convexis, dense subtiliter punctatis, vermiculatis; pedibus

concoloribus, tibiis anticis intus et extus fortiter et irregu-

lariter armatis, intermediis 5—6, posticisque 2—3, dentatis;

of Lucanoid Coleoptera. 367

mandibulis, capite prothoracisque lateribus, et corpore

subtus, griseo-pubescentibus.

Long. corp. unc. 1, lin. 3; mandib. lin. 3.

Hab.—Venezuela. Coll. Parry.

This species is most closely allied to §. armatus. The

externally tuberculate mandibles, the coarser punctuation

of the head and thorax, the latter being considerably nar-

rower, with the absence of the nodules at its base, and the

more brassy tint of the insect under consideration, appears

to me amply to justify its separation; moreover, the arma-

ture of the posterior tibiz is scarcely appreciable.

Sphenognathus circumflexus, 6, Parry (var. max. ?).

(Pl. LV. fig. 3.) (2 incognita.)

S. obscure castaneo-zeneus, mandibulis fere semicircu-

lariter curvatis, supra deplanatis, profunde punctatis,

intus a basi fere ad apicem obtuse dentatis; capite quadrato,

antice elevato, binodoso, modice punctato, ante oculos

angulato, postice fere glabro; prothorace lato, in medio

convexo, crebre punctato, angulis posticis unidentatis;

elytris dense subtiliter punctatis vermiculatis, angulis

humeralibus obsolete tuberculatis; tibiis anticis leviter

curvatis, fusco-castaneis, intus et extus irregulariter spinosis,

Intermediis flavis, extus 5—6 spinis acutis armatis (pos-

ticee mutilate).

Long. corp. unc. 1, lin. 5; mandib. lin. 6.

Hab.—Venezuela. Coll. Parry.

An intermediate form between S. Feisthameli and the

following species, S. caniculatus, perhaps more closely

allied to the former, from which it however differs in the

circumflex form of the mandibles, these organs being more

strongly punctate and depressed upon their upper surface,

with no trace of the external, suberect, basal tooth, always

to be met with in S. Feisthameli; moreover, the left

mandible alone is furnished with a prominent internal

basal tooth; further, the prothorax is wider, more convex

and more coarsely punctate, with the anterior angles more

rounded; in other respects there is, however, a great

similarity ; nevertheless, I am of opinion that the two

species may be considered as being distinct. Unfortu-

nately, in the present instance, the only specimen _avail-

able for description is mutilated; from traces to be met

with, this insect is evidently, in its normal condition,

pubescent.

368 Major F. J. Sidney Parry’s descriptions

S. canaliculatus, ¢, Parry (var. max.?). (PI. IV. fig. 2.)

(¢ incognita. )

S. castaneus, supra eeneo-virescens, mandibulis puncta-

tis, leviter curvatis, capite prothoraceque paulo brevioribus,

intus ad apicem dense aureo-pubescentibus et supra sat

profunde canaliculatis, marginibus, supra et intus, tuber-

culatis nodosis instructis ; capite, ut in S. circumflexo, in

medio cupreo-nitente, prothorace angusto subconvexo,

disco rugose punctato, lateraliter bi-impresso, lateribus

subtiliter crenatis, angulis posticis reflexis bidentatis; ely-

tris dense subtiliter punctatis vermiculatis, angulis hume-

ralibus vix tuberculatis ; pedibus concoloribus, castaneo-

virido-opacis, fere rectis; tibiis anticis extus 8 —9 irregula-

riter dentatis, intus prope apices spinis duabus minutis

instructis, quatuor posticis obsolete 4 vel 5 armatis; man-

dibulis, capite, prothoracisque lateribus, longa pubescentia

fulva vestitis, corpore subtus dense tomentoso.

Long. corp. une. 1, lin. 3; mandib. lin. 6.

Hab.—Venezela. Coll. Parry.

S. canaliculatus may be at once distinguished from its

nearly allied species by the form and armature of its man-

dibles, the very subconvex and strongly sculptured disk

of the prothorax, the posterior angles being armed with

two minute denticulations instead of one, the legs more-

over being unicolorous.

Sphenognathus Taschenbergi, 6, Parry (var. minor).

(Pl. V. fig. 1.) (¢ incognita.)

S. obscure castaneus, elytris viridi-tinctis, mandibulis

capite paulo longioribus, intus obsolete tuberculatis; capite

parvo subquadrato, in medio grosse punctato, angulis ante

oculos rotundatis; prothorace transverso convexo, lateribus

subrotundatis, angulis posticis leviter reflexis, in medio

grosse punctato, longitudinaliter vix canaliculato; elytris

fere parallelis, crebre subtiliter punctatis, transversim

rugulosis; pedibus concoloribus, castaneis, viridi-tinctis,

tiblis anticis extus obsolete 1 vel 2, intermediis 3 vel 4,

posterioribus 1, spinis minutis instructis; mandibulis,

capite, prothorace et corpore subtus dense aureo-pubes-

centibus.

Long. corp. unc. 1; mandib. lin. 3.

Hab.—Venezuela. Coll. Parry.

This species, like S. pubescens, Waterhouse, is remark-

able by its depressed elytra, and in the character of the

of Lucanoid Coleoptera. 369

mandibles, head and prothorax assimilating very closely to

it, but the sculpture is somewhat coarser, with the posterior

angles of the prothorax rounded, slightly reflexed, and not

bidentate as in S. pubescens, whilst both the sculpture and

colour of the elytra differ conspicuously ; the pubescence

of the insect is moreover of a more golden hue. I have

named this new species in honour of Dr. Taschenbere

Professor of Natural History at the University of Halle,

to whom, upon the present occasion, I am indebted for

much valuable information.

Chiasognathus pubescens, 8. (PI. V. fig. 3.)

Waterhouse, Ent. Monthly Mag. Oct. 1873, p. 110.

Castaneus, nitidus, eeneo-micans, griseo-pubescens, con-

vexiusculus; tibiis anticis extus bispinosis, intus 2- vel

3-denticulatis, intermediis rectis vix unidenticulatis, pos-

ticis rectis, muticis; antennis tarsisque nigris.

Long. (mandib. exclusis) 14 lin. ; mandib. 3 lin.

Hab.—Venezuela. Coll. Parry et Mniszech.

This interesting new species was recently described by

Mr. C. Waterhouse, who justly characterizes it as being

distinguished from other allied species of the genus by its

depressed form and dense pubescence. I have thought it

advisable to add a figure of the insect in the present pub-

lication, as well as Mr. C. Waterhouse’s diagnosis of the

species.

Chiasognathus Peruvianus, § ¢, Waterhouse, Tr. Ent.

Soc. 1869, pl. iii. fig. 3.

Sphenognathus Wallisit, 6, Taschenburg, Zeitschrift

f. d. gesammten Wiss. 1870, p. 178.

Mr. C. Waterhouse’s species has been again described,

loc. cit., with other interesting novelties, by Dr. Taschen-

berg, to whom I am indebted for the specimen (¢) in my

collection. This insect was found somewhat profusely at

Loja, in Ecuador, by the well-known traveller and botanist

Herr Gustav Wallis, of Detmold, who traversed South

America during 1860 to 1867, commencing his travels

from the mouths of the Amazons, and proceeding through

Ecuador and Columbia to Panama, whence he returned

to his native country.

S. Wallisii must therefore yield to the law of priority,

as its identity with the type specimen of C. Perwvtanus in

the British Museum does not admit of the slightest doubt.

370 Major F. J. Sidney Parry’s descriptions

List of species belonging to the genera Chiasognathus

and Sphenognathus recorded up to the present period.

As regards the sequence of the species, I have ventured

on a distribution of them more in accordance, I believe,

with their affinities than that hitherto followed :—

1. CurIAsoGNATHUS, Stephens.

1. C. Grantii, Stephens .. oe ee Chili

2. C. impubis, Parry ~ .. sie «> Chili.

3. C. Latreillii, Solier .. we e+ , Chili.

4. C. Jousselinei, Reiche aye ee Chili.

2. SpHENOGNATHUS, Buquet.

1. S. nobilis, Parry Arc ne -- Venezuela.

2. S.armatus, Parry .. oe -» Venezuela.

3. S. signatus, Parry .. ons -- Venezuela.

4. S. Feisthameli, Guérin ate -. N. Grenada.

5. S. circumflexus, Parry ee -» Venezuela,

6. S. canaliculatus, Parry pe «- Venezuela.

7. S. prionoides, Buquet.. ee -- N. Grenada.

8. S. Lindeni, Murray .. oe -- Ecuador.

9. S. Murrayi, Thomson se -» Venezuela.

10. 8S. Peruvianus, Waterhouse .. -.» Peru, Ecuador.

11. S. pubescens, Waterhouse .. -. Venezuela.

12. S. Taschenbergi, Parry ee -. Venezuela.

Lucanus Swinhoet,$ ¢ , Parry (var.max.). (PLIV. fig. 4.)

L. fusco-castaneus, nitidus, levis, subtilissime punc-

tulatus, mandibulis regulariter arcuatis, apicibus sub-

furcatis, dente interno magno, prope basin, in medio 7 vel

8 tuberculis nodosis irregulariter instructis.

Long. corp. une. 1, lin. 2; mandib. lin. 6.

Hab.—Ins. Formosa.

In form, coloration, and general character, L. Swinhoet

bears a striking similarity to L. Fortunei, Saunders, a

well-known species from Hong Kong. The following im-

portant differences appear nevertheless to warrant their

separation. The form of the mandibles in LZ. Swinhoei,

and their armature as regards position of the teeth (vid.

Pl. IV. fig. 4) appears to be totally distinct. Again these

organs in the present species are found to be more arcuate

and exhibit a gradual, but regular curvature from their base

to the apex, whereas in L. Fortunei (vid. Pl. IV. fig. 5),

they are considerably more prominently rounded at the

base and irregularly sinuated towards the apex. The

single strong internal tooth with which both species are

armed is placed in the Formosan insect near the base,

whilst in the Hong Kong insect it is invariably situate

somewhat below the apex in the centre of the series of

of Lucanoid Coleoptera. 371

tubercles. The head is also narrower and rounder, with

its posterior angles more reflexed; finally the sculpture is

more diffuse, and less pronounced. In their respective

females the same difference in the character of the sculp-

ture is observable ; moreover in L. Swinhoei 2 the anterior

angles of the prothorax are more rounded. Two speci-

mens were received from Consul Swinhoe, to whom we

are already indebted for numerous interesting additions to

the Entomological Fauna of China.

Eurytrachelus eurycephalus, 3, Burm. (var. minor).

Dorcus eurycephalus, Burm. Handbuch f. Ent. v. 387.

Eurytrachelus Candezii, 6, Parry, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1870,

pO; pl. 1. fic. 2.

I am indebted to Dr. Taschenberg for the opportunity

of identifying a species hitherto somewhat questionable to

many entomologists. In the 1st edition of my Catalogue

of the Lucanoid Coleoptera, Tr. Ent. Soc. 1863, D. eu-

rycephalus was referred, upon the authority of Professor

Lacordaire and Mons. Reiche, as a synonymy to F. Bu-

balus, Perty, while the latter insect was subsequently

found to be only a var. minor of #. Bucephalus (vid. Cat.

2nd edit. 1870, p. 89). It may now be affirmed without

doubt, upon examination of one of two specimens existing

in the Museum of Halle, from which Dr. Burmeister

made his description, that £. eurycephalus is a distinct

species, and moreover that upon comparison it is found to

be identical with EL. Candeziz, Parry, the latter exhibiting

a somewhat smaller development, with the internal sub-

apical tooth of the mandibles but very slightly produced,

causing these organs to appear acute, and not forked at

their apex, according to Dr. Burmeister’s description. As

recards the two perfectly uniform auricular impressions on

the prothorax of the E. Candezii, they must, I am satis-

fied, be considered as purely accidental and quite ab-

normal, no trace of them existing in the specimen received

from Halle.

Genus A’coryrus, Parry.

Corpus subrotundatum, convexum. Clypeus parvus,

emarginatus. Mandibul capite vix longiores rectee. Caput

magnum, transversum, convexum, antice reflexum, infra

oculos armatum, antennarum clavé 3-articulata. Pro-

thorax lateribus trilobatus, angulis anticis prominulis

rotundatis. Tibize inermes, ciliate.

372 Major F. J. Siduey Parry’s descriptions, §c. ‘

Aigotypus trilobatus,3 2(var.max.) (PI. V. fig. 44, 58.)

Agus? trilobatus, 6, Parry (var. minor), Tr- Ent.

Soc. 1864, p. 59, pl. vi. fig. 7.

Gnaphaloryz trilobatus, Parry, Cat. Luc. Col. Tr. Ent.

Soc. 1870, p. 113.

LE. nigro-fuscus, capite, prothorace, elytrorum margini-

bus, pedibusque fusco-ferrugineis, hirsutis ; mandibulis ro-

bustis, intus ad basin fortiter unidentatis, ad apicem emar-

ginatis; capite parce punctato, antice emarginato, in medio

carina reflex producto, pone oculos dente obtuso armato ;

prothorace capite latiori punctato, antice bisinuato, angulis

anticis prominulis, lateribus singulariter trilobatis ; elytris

ovalibus subnitidis, profunde striatis, tibiis fortiter ciliatis.

Long. corp. (mandib. incl.) lin. 8.

Hab.—Borneo.

@ Mandibulis brevis simplicibus; capite ante oculos

angulato, pone oculos inermo; prothoracis lateribus fere

rectis; elytris striatis, tibiis inermig, fortiter ciliatis.

In the description of the var. mimor of this insect, loc.

cit., hesitation was expressed, as to its being properly placed

in the genus <Eigus ; subsequently, in the second edition of

my Catalogue, it was temporarily located in the aliied

genus Gnaphaloryx ; but having recently obtained a spe-

cimen of the var. max. and also the female, | am now

disposed to make it the type of a new genus: such marked

characters appearing to be met with in both sexes, differing

so essentially from the members of the genus gus and

Gnaphaloryz, the reflexed anterior margin of the head is

alone peculiar to this insect. In the family of the Dorcide,

indeed, this character has hitherto been confined to certain

species (exhibiting as in the present instance the var. max.)

belonging to the genera Lucanus and Odontolabis.

EXPLANATION OF PLATES.

Pl. IV. fig. 1.—Sphenognathus nobilis, g%.

op 2. os canaliculatus, Gis

p 3. circumflexus, &.

H 4,—Head of Incanus Swinhoei, &.

5. 45 Fortunei, &.

Pl. y. fig. 1—Sphenoynathus Taschenbergi, @.

4 2. a signatus, &.

» 3. pubescens, g.

= 4 —gotypus trilobatus, @.

5 6.—Aigus grandis, H. Deyr.,

Note.—The paper to which the last figure refers will appear in ue next

Part, p. 411.

Cra7ans

XVI. Descriptions of new species of Tenthredinide,

Ichneumonide, Chrysidide, Formicide, &c. of

Japan. By FREDERICK SMITH.

[Read 6th April, 1874.]

THE majority of the insects described in the present paper

were collected by Mr. George Lewis during his residence

in Japan, the rest are in the collection of the British

Museum ; among these are species collected by Mr. Henry

Whiteley at Hakodadi, and others by Mr. R. Fortune in

North Japan, probably from Hakodadi also. The general

aspect of the collection is that of an European one, a single

exotic form only being found among them in the genus

Thyreodon. Several of the species of the genus Ichneu-

mon very closely resemble well-known English ones: Ich-

neumon cognatorius is the counterpart of the British

species Z. Proteus; Trogus arrogans very closely ap-

proaches 7. pepsoides of North China.

The Tenthredinide are very interesting ; many of them

also closely resemble European ones: Hylotoma nigritar sis

is extremely like Hl. violacea of Klug; Hylotoma imperator

greatly resembles H. enodis ; indeed, of the six species

of this genus described, five are close representatives of

British ones, whilst I have been unable to separate the

sixth from the Hylotoma pagana of Panzer. -Tenthredo

erratica appears to be identical with specimens from

Siberia, both probably being mere climatal varieties of

T. flavicornis of Fabricius. ‘The common Tenthredo

scalaris is found in Japan, only differing in being rather

larger. Of three species of the genus Lyda one is almost

identical with Z. inanita of Villiers, a common British

insect.

All the Ichneumonide are from Hiogo in South Japan;

the Tenthredinide are partly from Hiogo and partly from

Hakodadi, in North Japan.

TRANS. ENT. 80C. 1874,—PART III. (JULY.)

374 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

Fam. TENTHREDINID&, Leach.

Genus Hytotoma, Fabr.

1. Hylotoma nigritarsis.

Female.—Length 5} lines. Blue-black; the palpi rufo-

testaceous; the antenne black. Thorax shining, and

covered with a fine hoary pile, observable in certain lights;

the wings flavo-hyaline, the nervures fuscous, the costal

nervure yellow; a brown fascia crosses the anterior wings

from the stigma, the latter dark brown; the tibize yellowish-

white, the intermediate and posterior pairs black at their

apex; the anterior tarsi pale, the two apical joints blackish.

Abdomen shining, the apex more or less pilose.

Hab.— Hiogo.

This species most closely resembles the Hylotoma

violacea of Klug.

2. Hylotoma imperator.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Shining blue; the antenne

black; the wings dark fuscous, with a blue iridescence,

palest at their apical margins; the legs obscurely blue.

Male.—Differs in having the antennz longer than the

head and thorax, extending to the middle of the abdomen,

and having a fringe of fine pubescence beneath.

fHab.—Hiogo.

This species closely resembles the Hylotoma enodis, but

in both sexes the antennez are considerably longer and

thicker. This must be a common species, twelve examples

having been received.

3. Hylotoma humeralis.

Female.—Length 33 lines. The head, and the two

lateral divisions of the mesothorax, black, with more or

less of a blue or green tinge; the pectus is of the same

colour; the thorax otherwise reddish-yellow ; the abdomen

yellow; the legs black, with the femora tinged with blue;

tibize and tarsi black; wings subhyaline, and clouded with

fuscous towards their base, where they are darkest.

Var. The yellow central space on the mesothorax

blackish in the middle.

Male.—Smaller, and with the head and thorax entirely

nigro-zeneous; the legs yellow, with the base of the femora,

the apical joints of the anterior and intermediate tarsi, the

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 375

apex of the posterior tibie and the tarsi black ; abdomen

yellow, the segments above have transverse fuscous bands

in the middle.

fiab.— Nagasaki; Hiogo.

4. Hylotoma ephippiata.

Female.—Length 33 lines. Shining blue-black, with

the sides of the prothorax, and the two lateral divisions

of the mesothorax, orange-red ; the orange colour extends

beneath the anterior wings to the sides of the pectus; the

antenne black; the anterior tibie obscurely ferruginous

within; wings fuscous and iridescent, darkest towards

their base.

Male.—Differs in having the mesothorax entirely blue-

black. ©

Hab.—Hiogo.

This species is most closely allied to Hylotoma thoracica

of Spinola, but that insect has the thorax entirely red

above.

5. Hylotoma simillima.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Blue-black, shining; the

antenne black; the tibize and tarsi obscurely blue; wings

fusco-hyaline, the anterior pair dark fuscous at their base,

shading off towards the apex of the wings; the nervures

black.

Male.—This sex is of the same colour as the female,

and only differs in being rather smaller, and in the usual

characteristics of the sex.

Hab.—Uiogo.

This species is readily distinguished from H. imperator ;

it is of a duller blue, and the antennz in both sexes are

much shorter; the second apical cell is longer in both

Sexes.

6. Hylotoma similis.

Female.—Length 44 lines. Head and thorax_blue-

black; the abdomen yellow. The sides of the thorax,

beneath the wings, yellow; the wings fuscous, palest to-

wards their apical margins, and with a blue or violet

iridescence; the nervures black.

Hab.—Hiogo. wh

The only essential difference between this insect and

376 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

H. pagana of Europe is its having a large yellow patch

beneath the wings.

7. Hylotoma pagana, Panz.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Head and thorax blue-

black ; the abdomen yellow; wings fuscous, their apical

portion palest.

Hab.— Hakodadi.

I consider this identical with the European species.

8. Hylotoma trinotata.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Head black; thorax and

abdomen yellow. Head shining and with a thin, short,

cinereous pubescence on the face; antenne black. Thorax:

a large ovate black spot on the mesothorax in front and

an oblong one on each side between the tegule; wings

slightly fuscous, darkest towards their base, the nervures

black ; the posterior coxz, trochanters and tibie yellow.

Abdomen very shining bright yellow.

Hab.— Hiogo.

9. Hylotoma captiva.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Purple, with the thorax

ferruginous above. Head shining and having a little short,

fine, pale pubescence on the face. The prothorax entirely

ferruginous; the mesothorax is ferruginous above and half-

way down the sides beneath the wings; the scutellum fer-

ruginous, with a purple spot behind; the wings fuscous,

the posterior pair and apical portion of the anterior wings

palest. The abdomen very glossy and having tints of blue

and purple.

Hab.—Hiogo.

Genus SELANDRIA, Leach.

1. Selandria nigriceps.

Female.—Length 3 lines. Liuteous; the head black,

wings fuscous. The apex of the tibiw, and the tarsi,

black ; the region of the scutellum dusky ; the nervures

of the wings and the stigma black, the wings palest towards

their apical margins.

Hab.—Hiogo.

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 377

Genus STRONGYLOGASTER, Dahlb.

l. Strongylogaster iridipennis.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Black, wings hyaline and

brilliantly iridescent, nervures and stigma fuscous ; legs

pale. Head black, with the palpi pale. Thorax: the

tegule, and a minute spot on each side of the post-scu-

tellum, white; legs pale ferruginous, the coxe and tro-

chanters, the apex of the posterior tibiz above, and the

tarsi, black; the base of the posterior tibise white. Ab-

domen : above, subcarinate in the middle, longitudinally ;

the apical margins of the third, fourth and fifth segments

narrowly ferruginous; beneath, the third and three follow-

ing segments ferruginous.

Hab.— Hakodadi.

Genus Pacuyrrorasis, Hartig.

1. Pachyprotasis erraticus.

Male.—Length 4 lines. Black, pale yellow beneath.

Head: antennez pale testaceous beneath, and as long as

the body; the face, as high as the insertion of the antennz,

the mandibles, cheeks, and an interrupted narrow line on

the vertex, testaceous. Thorax: two longitudinal oblique

lines on the mesothorax, the tegule, scutellum and two

minute spots behind it, testaceous ; wings hyaline and

iridescent, the nervures black ; the legs with a black line

above, the pectus with two ovate spots, and a longitudinal

line beneath the wings (which unites with two perpendicular

lines), testaceous. Abdomen: a triangular spot on the first

segment, and a short transverse line in the middle of the

apical margins of the third and fourth segments, white.

Hab.—Hakodadi.

This species is extremely like the European P. stmulans.

Genus Macrornya, Dahlb.

1. Macrophya nigropicta.

Female.—Length 5} lines. Yellow, with black mark-

ings. Head: the antennx, a somewhat irregular circular

spot on the vertex, enclosing the ocelli, a semicircular spot

behind the eyes, and the head behind the vertex, black.

Thorax: the mesothorax has above a triangular spot

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.— PART II. (JULY.) cc

378 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

anteriorly, and an oblong one on each side, black; wings

hyaline, faintly tinged with yellow towards their apex, with

the nervures fuscous ; the posterior femora with a black line

towards their apex within; the tibiz and tarsi black, with the

base of the former pale. Abdomen: a black fascia at the base

of all the segments above ; the entire insect yellow beneath,

excepting a circular black spot on the pectus.

Hab.—North Japan.

2. Macrophya vexator.

Female.—Length 4} lines. Shining black, with white

markings. Head: the clypeus, the inner orbits of the eyes

and the lower portion of the hinder orbits, white; the

sixth, seventh and eighth joints of the antennz white, the

apical joint black. Thorax: the anterior tibiz and tarsi

in front, the posterior coxe, trochanters and base of the

femora, white; the apical half of the first joint of the pos-

terior tarsi and the second and third joints white. Wings

subhyaline, the nervures fuscous, the stigma white at the

base.

Hab.—North Japan.

3. Macrophya apicalis.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Black, with the scutellum

and four apical joints of the antennz white, the tip of the

ninth black. Head: the labrum and base of the mandibles

white. Thorax: two minute spots on the post-scutellum,

a large oblong-ovate spot on the posterior cox exteriorly,

their extreme apex and the trochanters white; wings

hyaline, with a faint yellow tinge, and brightly iridescent ;

the nervures black. Abdomen glossy black.

Hab.—Hakodadi.

4. Macrophya pacifica,

Female.—Length 42 lines. Black, with an orange

fascia near the base of the abdomen. Head: the antennz

reddish-yellow, the two basal joints black at their extreme

apex. Thorax: two minute yellow spots below the scu-

tellum ; the anterior and intermediate’ femora above, and

all the tarsi, reddish-yellow ; the extreme base of the pos-

terior femora yellow; the apical third of the posterior

tibie, and the tips of the joints of the tarsi black; wings

flavo-hyaline, the nervures fuscous, the stigma pale tes-

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 379

taceous. Abdomen: the second segment reddish-yellow

above, slightly interrupted in the middle.

Male.—This differs in having the base of the antennex,

to nearly the apex of the third joint, black; it has also the

second and third segments of the abdomen yellow, and

slightly interrupted.

Hab.—North Japan.

5. Macrophya ferox.

Female.—Length 5{ lines. Black, with the four basal

segments of the abdomen yellow. Head: antenne orange-

yellow; the clypeus anteriorly, the labrum, mandibles and

palpi, white; the scape of the antennz black in front.

Thorax: the posterior margin of the prothorax laterally,

the tegulze, scutellum and posterior margin of the meta-

thorax narrowly reddish-yellow; a minute spot on each

side of the post-scutellum white; the anterior and inter-

mediate legs reddish-yellow ; the posterior tarsi, and rather

more than the basal half of the posterior tibize of the same

colour; the apex of the posterior coxze and the trochanters

whitish ; wings hyaline and iridescent, faintly tinged with

yellow, the nervures fuscous, the costal nervure and the

stigma reddish-yellow.

Hab.—Hakodadi.

6. Macrophya ignava.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Black; the head, legs and

thorax with white markings. Head: the clypeus, labrum

and mandibles white. ‘Thorax: the margins of the pro-

thorax, a spot on the tegul in front and two minute spots

behind the scutellum, white; the apex of all the coxe, the

trochanters, and extreme base of the femora, and all the

tibie, white; the extreme apex of the intermediate and

posterior pairs black. The head and thorax are thinly

covered with pale down, and the abdomen has a silky pile,

only observable in certain lights.

Hab.—Hiogo. >

This species closely resembles the Allantus albicinctus,

of Klug, but in four examples not a trace of the white

narrow fascia on the basal segment is to be seen, or of the

white tip of the abdomen.

ce2

380 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

7. Macrophya irritans.

Male.—Length 54 lines, Head and thorax black, with

yellow markings, the abdomen reddish-yellow. Head:

antenne reddish-yellow; the anterior margin of the clypeus,

the labrum and mandibles, white; the palpi, and a stripe

behind the eyes, yellow. Thorax: the posterior margin

of the prothorax laterally, the tegulz, the tips of the cox

and the legs, reddish-yellow; wings hyaline, iridescent,

having a faint yellow tinge, the nervures fuscous, the

costal nervure and stigma yellow. Abdomen: the fourth

and three following segments have each two quadrate

fuscous spots, more or less distinctly marked, the apical

one darkest.

Hab.—North Japan.

8. Macrophya carbonaria.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Shining-black, head and

thorax strongly punctured, the abdomen with finer shallow

punctures. The head, thorax and legs have a short pale

silky pubescence. A spot on each side of the clypeus, its

anterior margin, the base of the mandibles, the anterior

tibiz in front and the tip of the femora, a large oblong-

ovate spot on the posterior cox, and the middle of the

posterior tibize above, white; wings hyaline, faintly tinged

with yellow, the nervures and stigma black.

Hab.— Hakodadi.

9. Macrophya timida.

Female.—Length 43 lines. Black, punctured and

shining. The head and thorax strongly punctured, the

abdomen with fine shallow punctures; the base of the

mandibles, a large ovate spot outside the posterior coxe,

their extreme apex and the trochanters, white; the apex of

the anterior femora in front, the tibiz in front and the

apex of the intermediate pair in front, pale testaceous;

the anterior tarsi pale beneath; the wings hyaline, their

nervures black.

Hab.—North Japan.

10. Macrophya luctifera.

Female.— Length 33 lines. Shining-black; the tips of

the anterior femora in front, and the tibie also in front,

of new species of Lenthredinide, &c. 381

white ; the posterior trochanters and the base of the

tibiz outside, white; two minute white spots beneath the

scutellum; the wings fuscous, the nervures black, the

stigma white at the base.

Hab.—Hiogo.

11. Macrophya flavipes.

Female.—Length 4 lines, Black; the antenne, legs

and two basal segments of the abdomen pale yellow.

Head: the clypeus, mandibles and palpi pale ; the vertex

brown. Thorax: the scutellum and disk of the mesothorax

obscurely testaceous; the tegula, and a short line before

them, pale testaceous; the wings hyaline and tinged with

yellow towards their base; the nervures fuscous, the costal

nervure pale testaceous, the stigma black. Abdomen:

rather more than the basal half beneath pale testaceous.

Hab.— Hiogo.

Genus TENTHREDO, Linn.

1. Tenthredo erratica.

Female.—Length 7} lines. Reddish-yellow, with a spot

on the vertex, which encloses the ocelli, three spots on the

mesothorax and the four apical segments of the abdomen,

black. Head: the clypeus, labrum and mandibles pale

yellow, the tips of the latter black. Thorax: the sides

and also the pectus black; the base of the anterior and

intermediate coxe black; a yellowish-white spot before

the posterior cox; a triangular black spot on the meso-

thorax anteriorly, and an oblong one on each side; wings

flavo-hyaline, nervures fuscous ; the costal nervure and the

stigma yellow. The male has the antenne, beyond the

second joint, black.

Hab.—Wakodadi; Siberia.

This species is, in my opinion, identical with one

received from Trans-Baikal and Angara, in Siberia; it

closely resembles the Tenthredo flavicornis of Europe,

and will probably be considered a climatal variety by some

Hymenopterists. Thomson describes 7. flavicornis as

having the posterior femora black; it may be so in

Sweden, but it is only a variety in Germany.

382 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

2. Tenthredo providens.

Female.—Length 7 lines. Black, the three basal joints

of the antennz, the scutellum, and base of the abdomen,

pale yellow. Head: the clypeus, labrum, mandibles and

palpi yellowish-white ; the cheeks at the base of the man-

dibles testaceous ; the tips of the mandibles black. Thorax:

the margin of the prothorax in front of the tegule pale

testaceous; the scutellum and legs yellow; the posterior

tibie black towards their apex; a white spot above the

posterior cox ; all the coxe black, with their apex yellow ;

wing's hyaline and iridescent, the apex of the anterior pair

dark brown at their apex beyond the stigma ; the nervures

black, except the costal one and the stigma, which are

testaceous. Abdomen black, with the three basal seg-

ments pale yellow.

Hab.—North Japan.

3. Tenthredo scalaris, Klug.

With the exception of this insect being considerably-

larger than the European species, I am unable to point

out any difference; only a single example has been re-

ceived. The cabinet specimens are pale yellow, when

living they are green; the antennz black, with the scape

yellow in front; a transverse ovate black spot on the

vertex, enclosing the ocelli, with a line on each side of the

anterior ocellus. The mesothorax black above, with two

oblique yellow lines on each side, in the middle; the °

scutellum yellow. Abdomen: a longitudinal broad black

stripe extending from the base to apex; in European ex-

amples, the apical margins of the segments are sometimes

narrowly yellow; a narrow black line on the femora and

tibiz, and the tips of the joints of the tarsi, black.

Length of Japanese specimens 64 lines; of European

ones 44 to 5 lines.

Hab.—Hakodadi.

4. Tenthredo hilaris.

Female.—Length 7 lines. Black, with the extreme

lateral margins of the abdomen yellowish-white; the an-

terior and intermediate legs pale ferruginous, with the

posterior tibize and tarsi black. Head: the clypeus, labrum

and mandibles pale yellow, the tips of the latter black.

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 383

Thorax : the posterior margin of the prothorax pale yellow,

narrowly so in the middle; the tegule yellow; a trans-

verse narrow line on each side of the scutellum, two minute

spots on each side of the post-scutellum, and the hinder

margin of metathorax, narrowly yellowish-white ; wings

hyaline and iridescent, the nervures fuscous, the costal one

pale ferruginous; the posterior coxe black towards their

base, with a white spot above them. Abdomen smooth

and shining, with the apical margins of the two basal seg-

ments narrowly whitish.

Hab.—North Japan.

5. Tenthredo volatilis.

Female.—Length 43 lines. Black, with the four apical

joints of the posterior tarsi white ; the apex of the claw-

joint shining black; the labrum white. The scutellum

white, wings hyaline, the nervures and stigma black; the

anterior tibiz at their apex in front, a large ovate spot on

the posterior coxz at their base outside, and the posterior

trochanters, white.

Hab.—Hiogo.

Genus Dotrrus, Leach.

1. Dolerus ephippiatus.

Female.—Length 54 lines. Head and thorax black,

the pro- and meso-thorax ferruginous; abdomen shining

black, with an obscure green tinge; the insect has a thin

hoary pubescence, most observable on the head, thorax

and towards the apex of the abdomen; the middle of the

pectus black; wings clear hyaline; the nervures and

stigma black; the head rugose.

Hab.—Hakodadi; Hiogo.

2. Dolerus fuscipennis.

Female.—Length 33 lines.» Black, and having a thin,

short, hoary pubescence; two white minute spots behind the

scutellum ; the wings fuscous; the anterior tibize in front,

the posterior trochanters, and the tibie outside, white.

Abdomen: the fourth and fifth segments have a short

white line at their lateral margins.

Hab.— Hiogo.

384 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

3. Dolerus subfasciatus.

Female.— Length 43 lines. Black, the head and thorax

closely punctured, the abdomen smooth and shining, the

fourth segment obscurely reddish-brown; the head and

thorax have a thin, short, tawny pubescence, there is a

thinly scattered similar pubescence on the abdomen; the

tips of the anterior femora, and the tibiz, pale ferruginous ;

wings hyaline, the nervures and stigma black.

Hab.—Hiogo.

4. Dolerus nigro-ceruleus.

Male.—Length 3 lines. Blue-black, variegated with

white. Head: wider than the thorax, slightly narrowed

behind the eyes, which are large, globose and extend to the

base of the mandibles; the clypeus and mandibles white.

Thorax: the anterior and intermediate legs, the posterior

cox, trochanters and the base of the tibize beneath, white ;

wings subhyaline and iridescent, the nervures black.

Abdomen: the middle of the second and third segments

above, a spot in the middle of the seventh segment and the

apical segment above, white; beneath, the middle of two

or three of the basal segments white.

Hab.— Hiogo.

Genus Lypa, Iabr.

1. Lyda volatilis.

Female.— Length 4 lines. Black, variegated with

white; the legs white, wings hyaline, their nervures and

stigma black. Head: below the antennex, a minute spot

above them, on each side of which is a narrow curved

line that touches the eyes and unites with the anterior part

of the face, white ; the cheeks, mandibles and palpi white.

Thorax: a spot on each side of the posterior margin of

the prothorax, a spot on the tegul, a triangular one on the

mesothorax anteriorly, the scutellum and an oblique stripe

beneath the wings, white. Abdomen: the posterior

margins of the segments, except one or two of the basal

ones, white.

Hab.—North Japan.

2. Lyda venustus.

Female.—Length 53 lines. Head, thorax, base and

apex of the abdomen, black ; the intermediate segments

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 380

of the latter orange-yellow ; the head and thorax with

yellowish or white markings. Head: before the antenne,

the mandibles, palpi, a broad stripe, notched at its outer

margin, curves backwards from the summit of the eyes to

their posterior margin, and two minute longitudinal spots

between the stripes, pale yellow; the scape of the antenne

yellow ; the tips of the mandibles, the antenne and the

cheeks ferruginous. Thorax: the posterior margin of the

prothorax, the scutellum, post-scutellum and the legs pale

yellow; wings flavo-hyaline, the nervures fuscous, towards

the base of the wings they are pale ferruginous, as is also

the costal nervure ; beneath, three of the apical segments

have their apical margins yellowish-white.

Hab.— Hakodadi.

This species resembles the Lyda inanita of Europe.

3. Lyda latifrons.

Female.— Length 44 lines. Black, variegated with

pale yellow, the legs yellow. Head: the anterior portion

below the insertion of the antenne, a spot above the

antenne, a narrow curved line each side of it, which

touches the margin of the eyes, and unites with the yellow

margin of the face, a broader line behind the eyes, which

passes up to the margin of the vertex and unites with a

line that runs from the summit of the eyes, and two

minute spots, situated in deep excavations on the vertex,

yellow ; antenne black. Thorax: an interrupted line on

the elevated posterior margin of the prothorax, a triangular

spot on the mesothorax anteriorly, a spot on the tegulz,

the tubercles and two oblique lines beneath the wings, the

seutellum and post-scutellum, yellow ; the wings hyaline,

the nervures black. Abdomen beneath and three of the

apical segments with a narrow fascia on their posterior

margins; beneath yellow, with two or three of the basal

seoments black.

Hab.—Hakodadi; Hiogo.

This species is most closely allied to the Lyda pratensis

of Europe.

Genus Creruus, Latr.

1. Cephus viator.

Female.—Length 6 lines. Shining black, the thorax

and abdomen with yellow bands. Head: a minute yellow

spot between the posterior ocelli and the eyes, situated in

386 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

deep pits. Thorax: the posterior margin of the pro-

thorax, which is deeply incised, yellow; the posterior

cox above, the tips of the femora, the tibie and tarsi

yellow; the wings hyaline, the nervures ferruginous.

Abdomen: a triangular spot on the first segment; a

yellow band on the posterior margin of the third segment

laterally, and an entire one on the fourth, sixth and

seventh segments ; beneath black.

Hab.—Hakodadi.

I have given this insect a distinctive specific name, but

I believe it to be the same species as Stephens’ Cephus

quingue-fasciatus ; it only differs in wanting a minute spot

or two on the face, in having the first marginal band

widely interrupted, and in wanting the two apical ones, a

variety I should expect to occur in a series of British

specimens.

2. Cephus agilis.

Male.—Length 54 lines. Shining black; the face and the

abdomen spotted with pale yellow. Head: the face as high

as the insertion of the antennz, and the mandibles, yellow,

the latter tipped with black. Thorax: the anterior and

intermediate femora in front, and their tibiz, yellow, the

latter shghtly fuscous behind; the tarsi fuscous ; the pos-

terior tibia yellow at their base ; wings hyaline, the ner-

vures fuscous. Abdomen: a triangular patch on the first

segment, the third segment with its apical margin laterally,

and the fourth with the entire margin narrowly, yellow in

the middle, and more widely so laterally.

Hab.—Hiogo.

Genus SrrREX, Linn. /

1. Sirex japonicus.

Female.— Length 9}—14 lines. Black, the head yellow;

between the eyes black, and a narrow line from thence

to the posterior margin of the vertex; sometimes the head

is entirely yellow as well as the antenne and mandibles.

Thorax: the prothorax above, the femora, tibiz and tarsi

yellow ; the posterior pair more or less fuscous; wings

flavo-hyaline, with a fuscous cloud at their apical margins;

the nervures ferruginous. Abdomen: the first, second

of new species of Tenthredinide, §c. 387

and eighth segments yellow, the posterior margin of the

latter black; the apical spine yellow. Fi

Hab.— Hiogo.

This species closely resembles Sirex flavicornis of North

America ; it differs from that insect in some important

particulars,—the yellow band, in the American species,

occupies the seventh and half of the eighth segment;

this insect has the apical margin yellow.

Fam. ICHNEUMONID &.*

Genus IcHNEUMON, Linn.

i Ichneumon Jenerosus.

Male.—Length 7} lines. Black, scutellum pale, abdo-

men red, black and yellow. Head: the face and antenna,

mandibles and palpi pale yellow. Thorax: the tegule

and a short line in front of them, the scutellum and legs,

yellow; the posterior coxz and trochanters beneath, and

the apex of the femora and tibix, black; the wings flavo-

hyaline, the nervures fuscous, with the stigma yellow.

Abdomen: the first serment, the basal half of the third,

and the fourth and fifth segments, black; a yellow spot

on each side of the apex of the first segment; a broad

yellow band on the third segment notched in the middle ;

beneath, the second, third and fourth segments reddish-

yellow.

2. Ichneumon cognatorius.

Female.—Length 11 lines. Black, the scutellum white ;

the antennz have the joints nine to fourteen white beneath ;

the face has a narrow line at the inner margin of the eyes

towards their summit yellowish-white; the anterior tibiz

in front and the tips of the femora of the same colour; the

wings dark fuscous.

Male.—Lengtl? 94 lines. Black: the face, below the

antennz, and a narrow line at the inner margin of the

eyes, an abbreviated line behind the eyes at the base of

the mandibles and the palpi, white. Thorax: the lateral

margins of the prothorax above, the outer margin of the

tegule, a spot beneath the wings, the scutellum, and a

minute spot on each side of the metathorax posteriorly,

white ; the anterior and intermediate coxe and trochanters

Cee TC res a ee ees

* All the Zchneumonide are from Hiogo

388 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

spotted with white, their femora and tibize in front, and the

three basal joints of the tarsi, white ; the joints tipped with

black; the posterior legs have the tips of the trochanters

and basal half of the tibize white. Abdomen: the posterior

margin of the first segment and a minute spot on each

side of apical margin of the second segment, white.

Var. 1, 6. Only differs in having the face black, with

only a narrow line at the inner margins of the eyes.

Var. 2, . The face black and the spots on the second

seoment of the abdomen wanting.

Var. 3, ¢. Has the face white, with the abdomen

entirely black.

Var. 1, ¢. Black, with the apical third of the antennz

and the anterior tibize in front obscurely pale yellow.

This species is almost identical with the European one,

Ichneumon Proteus, the male of which is 1. laminatorius ;

indeed, it would be difficult to point out a specific difference ;

on examining a series of ten males and eight females in

the British Collection at the Museum, both sexes are

constant in having the scutellum white; all the males

have the face white below the insertion of the antenne.

The Japanese specimens have the wings much darker than

Ichneumon Proteus.

3. LIchneumon doliturus.

Male.—Length 43 lines. Black: the face, and scape

of the antennz in front, white. The anterior femora in

front, the apex of the intermediate pair and the tibie and

tarsi of both pairs, white ; the basal half of the posterior

tibiz, and the spines at their apex, white; wings sub-

hyaline, their nervures and stigma black. Abdomen

shining.

4. Ichneumon cursorius.

Female.—Length 6 lines. Head and thorax black,

abdomen red and black, scutellum yellow. Head: the

face below the antenne and a line at the inner margin of

the eyes ferruginous; antennz obscurely ferruginous, with

five or six of the middle joints white. Thorax: the legs

rufo-piceous, with the cox, and posterior femora above,

black ; wings subhyaline, the nervures black, the stigma

yellow. Abdomen: the first segment and. the apical

margins of the following segments black.

Male.—Differs in having the head entirely black; the

of new species of Tenthredinida, &c. 389

thorax has a minute yellow spot in front of the tegule; the

abdomen has the three basal segments ferruginous, the

rest black. .

5. Ichneumon flavitarsis.

Male.—Length 7} lines. Black, with the scutellum

and the legs partly yellow. Head: the face and scape of

the antennz in front pale yellow; the palpi white. Thorax:

the margins of the prothorax towards the tegulx, the

latter in front and a line beneath the wings, pale yellow ;

wings hyaline and iridescent; the anterior femora in front

fulvous; all the tibize and tarsi yellowish-white, the

posterior tibize at their apex and the tips of the two first

joints of the tarsi fuscous; the insect very closely punc-

tured ; the apical half of the abdomen with an obscure

blue tinge.

This species closely resembles Ichneumon multiannu-

latus of Europe, but the latter has the posterior tarsi black,

except the base of the first joint.

Vv e

6. Ichneumon virulentus.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Black, with the two apical

segments of the abdomen white. Four or five of the

middle joints of the antennz white beneath. The thorax

and legs have a fine, short, hoary down ; the anterior and

intermediate tibize white outside; the spmes at the apex

of all the tibix white; the wings subhyaline; the meta-

thorax has two central enclosed spaces, the first half the

size of the second; on each side of these are two enclosures.

The entire insect is closely punctured and semi-opaque,

with the three apical segments of the abdomen shining.

7. Ichneumon improvidus.

Male.—Length 44 lines. Black, with the face below

the antennz and the scape in front white. The flagellum

of the antennz fulvous beneath; the mandibles and palpi

white. The anterior and intermediate femora towards

their apex, and their tibie and tarsi, rufo-testaceous ; the

wings subhyaline; the enclosed space at the base of the

metathorax horseshoe-shaped, with two oblique carine,

also two lateral carinze, the intermediate spaces rugose.

Abdomen elongate, shining, and finely punctured towards

the base.

390 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

8. Ichneumon incanescens.

Female.—Length 64 lines. Black; with the margins

of the two apical segments of the abdomen. broadly

yellowish-white ; the thorax and legs covered with a short

hoary down, particularly at the sides and beneath the

former. Five or six of the middle joints of the antennz

white beneath. Thorax: the metathorax has above, at its

base, an oblong space enclosed by a carina, from the apex

of which an oblique carina runs to the lateral margins,

which are also carinated ; the usual carina, which crosses

the space between the lateral margins and the oblong

space, is obsolete in this species; all the tarsi, and the

anterior, and intermediate tibiz in front, rufo-testaceous,

the tarsi more or less dusky above; the entire insect very

closely punctured and opaque, except the three apical

segments of the abdomen, which are shining; wings

subhyaline.

9. Ichneumon vexator.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Black; the scutellum yel-

low ; the apex of the abdomen white above. Head: two

yellow spots on the anterior margin of the face ; five of the

middle joints of. the antennz white beneath; a narrow

yellow line at the inner margin of the eyes, near their

summit. Thorax: on the metathorax above, close to the

post-scutellum, a minute transverse space is enclosed by a

carina, and immediately beyond is a larger, somewhat

horseshoe-shaped, space, from which the usual oblique

carine run, and between the lateral marginal carinz and

the horseshoe-shape, the space is crossed by a transverse

carina; wings fusco-hyaline; the anterior femora in

front, the tibiz, and also the intermediate pair in front,

more or less rufo-piceous ; their tarsi rufo-piceous beneath.

Abdomen: a large white spot on the two apical segments

above; the entire insect closely punctured and semi-

opaque, except the four apical segments, which are

shining. /

10. Ichneumon trritator.

Female.— Length 6 lines. Black; with the scutellum

and apex of the abdomen white. Head: four of the

middle joints of the antennz white beneath. Thorax: a

horseshoe-shaped space, enclosed by a carina, at the base

of the metathorax, from which an oblique carina runs

of new species of Tenthredinide, §c. 391

towards the apex ; between these, two longitudinal carinze

run from the horseshoe-shape to the apex; a longitudinal

carina at the lateral margins, the space between these and

the horseshoe-shape is crossed by a carina in the middle ;

wings fusco-hyaline; legs black. The entire insect

closely punctured and semi-opaque; the first segment of

the abdomen above, and two or three of the apical seg-

ments, slightly shining.

ll. Ichneumon rufitarsis.

Female.—Length 7+ lines. Black ; the scutellum, and

apex of the abdomen above, yellow. Head: six or seven

of the joints of the antenne, in their middle, yellowish-

white beneath; a narrow yellow line at the inner margin

of the eyes, above the insertion of the antenne. Thorax:

an oblong enclosed space at the base of the metathorax,

from which, on each side, a carina runs obliquely towards

the apex ; the wings fusco-hyaline; the tips of the femora,

the tibize and tarsi ferruginous, all more or less fuscous

above. The entire insect closely punctured and semi-

opaque, except the four apical segments of the abdomen,

which are shining.

This species closely resembles Ichneumon relucens of

Europe.

12. Ichneumon dentatus.

Female.—Length 6 lines. Black; opaque, with the

abdomen only shining ; the antennz fulvous beneath, with

the tenth and two following segments white beneath.

The lateral margins of the scutellum sharply elevated ;

a semicircular enclosed space at the base of the meta-

thorax, from which a raised carina passes obliquely to the

apical lateral margins, and is there produced into a stout

blunt tooth; the anterior femora in front, the tips of the

intermediate pair, the tibia and tarsi of both pairs, ferru-

ginous, all more or less dusky above ; the posterior tarsi,

ferruginous beneath; the wings subhyaline.

13. Zchneumon intrudens.

Female.— Length 54 lines. Black, semi-opaque, very

closely and finely punctured. Five of the middle joints of

the antennz white beneath. The scutellum, and the basal

half of the tibiz, yellow; the tarsi ferruginous, and more

392 Mr. F. Smith’s deseriptions

or less dusky above ; the wings fulvo-hyaline, the nervures

fusco-ferruginous. The two apical segments of the abdomen

have a large yellow spot, and the fourth and fifth segments

shining.

Genus Cryptus, Fabr.

1. Cryptus ambulator.

Female.—Length 7 lines. Scutellum pale; the legs

red, black and white. Head: the clypeus in front, the

labrum, the scape in front, and a narrow line at the inner

margin of the eyes, yellowish-white ; three joints of the

antenn, a little beyond the middle, white. Thorax: the

scutellum, apex of the metathorax, and a spot on the pos-

terior cox behind, pale yellow, the tegule are of the same

colour; the femora and basal half of the posterior tibize

fulvous; the apex of the posterior femora, to about one-

third of their length, black; the tarsi, and the. anterior

and intermediate tibiz, yellowish-white, the claw-joint of

the tarsi black; wings subhyaline, their apical margins

slightly fuscous. Abdomen black and shining.

2. Cryptus carbonarius.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Black and punctured, with

the abdomen smooth and shining. Head: four joints in

the middle of the antennze white above. ‘The anterior

femora in front, the tibize and tarsi, obscure ferruginous ;

the intermediate tibize in front and the tarsi obscure fer-

ruginous ; wings subhyaline, with the nervures and stigma

black ; scutellum shining; the metathorax rugose and

obliquely truncate.

3. Cryptus basalis.

Female.— Length 3 lines. Black; head and thorax

closely punctured and semi-opaque, the abdomen smooth

and shining; four joints in the middle of the antenne

white. The tibie and tarsi fusco-ferruginous, darkest

behind ; wings subhyaline, their extreme base yellow,

their nervures and stigma black ; the metathorax rugose,

the posterior lateral angles produced into a short tooth.

The basal segment of the abdomen longitudinally striated.

4. Cryptus penetrator.

. ;

Female.—Length 43 lines. Black; head and thorax

punctured and opaque; abdomen smooth and shining, the

of new species of Tenthredinide, §c. 393

apical segment with a pale spot. The four middle joints

of the antennzx white above. The metathorax has a small

quadrate enclosed space at its base, and attached to it a

larger hexagonal one, from which an oblique carina runs

on each side and joins the lateral ones; a transverse carina

runs from the middle of the hexagonal space to the lateral

carine ; the anterior spaces thus formed are finely punc-

tured, the posterior ones are rugose ; wings fusco-hyaline.

° 5. Cryptus punctator.

Female.—Leneth 34 lines. Black; head, thorax and

abdomen punctured and semi-opaque. The eighth and

three following segments of the antenne white above.

Thorax: the metathorax strongly punctured ; the enclosed

space at its base large and somewhat horseshoe-shaped,

and having the usual lateral and transverse carine not

very strongly marked; wings subhyaline, the nervures

black; the anterior and intermediate femora, towards their

apex in front, their tibiz and tarsi, fulvo-ferruginous ; the

posterior tibize ferruginous at their base to half their length;

the second and third joints of the tarsi white.

6. Cryptus maculipes.

__/.—Female.—Length 3} lines. Black; the scutellum pale

yellow; the apical segment of the abdomen and the tro-

chanters white. Five joints, about the middle of the

antenne, white above. Thorax: the wings fusco-hyaline ;

the nervures fuscous, the stigma yellow; the anterior

femora in front, towards their apex, the tibiz and tarsi,

rufo-testaceous ; the intermediate tibizee and tarsi more

obscurely so; the extreme base of the posterior tibie pale.

Genus Troaus, Grav.

1. Trogus arrogans.

Female.—Length 13 lines. Head, mesothorax above,

and legs, reddish-yellow, otherwise black ; wings fulvo-

hyaline, the superior pair dark fuscous beyond the areolet,

and having a violet iridescence. ‘The antennx more or

less fuscous above; the vertex with a black spot behind

the eyes. The mesothorax with a central longitudinal

black stripe, which terminates opposite the tegule, a broad

black stripe on each side of it; the scutellum yellow, much

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART Ill. (JULY-) DD

394 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

elevated and conical; the metathorax has at its base, near

the post-scutellum, a small shining tubercle, from which,

on each side, two divergent carins run to the lateral mar-

gins, which are also edged with an elevated carina; all the

cox, the intermediate femora beneath, and the posterior

pair, black, tip of the latter yellow ; abdomen black, smooth

and slightly shining.

This species resembles Trogus pepsoides, from North

China, described by myself in the Transactions of the

Entomological Society of London, vol. ii. (1852); it is,

I consider, on a careful comparison of the two insects,

distinct ; the areolet of the anterior wing is much larger,

the metathorax longer, and the basal segment of the

abdomen narrower, and differently sculptured; its abdomen

is not variegated with ferruginous colour.

Genus Pimpa, Fabr.

1. Pimpla destructor.

Female.—Length 6 lines. Black; scutellum and legs

pale. Head: below the antennz yellow, the clypeus with

a central black line, which is swollen near its apex; a nar-

row line in the emargination of the eyes; the labrum and

the scape in front yellow; the flagellum fulvous beneath.

Thorax: the scutellum, post-scutellum and tegulz, pale

yellow ; wings subhyaline, their nervures black ; the legs

yellow; the posterior femora ferruginous, their tips black;

the tibize white, their apex, as well as the tarsi, dark

fuscous ; the anterior and intermediate cox behind and

the posterior pair entirely black; the abdomen finely and

very closely punctured, and thinly covered with a fine

hoary pile.

Var. The labrum, clypeus and the coxe entirely black;

ine entire inner margin of the eyes with a narrow yellow

ine.

Male.—Length 6} lines. Black; the palpi pale testa-

ceous ; the flagellum fulvous beneath. Thorax: the tegulz

and scutellum white; the anterior and intermediate femora,

tibize and tarsi yellowish-white ; wings subhyaline; abdo-

men as in the female.

2. Pimpla luctuosa.

Female.—Length 6} lines. Black, with the anterior

and intermediate femora in front, their tibie and tarsi

of new species of Tenthredinide, §c. 395

yellow, the tibiz dusky behind; wings fusco-hyaline, the

nervures black. Abdomen closely punctured, the four

basal segments most strongly so.

This species very closely resembles the Pimpla ethiops

of Europe, but I have never seen an example of that

insect with pale intermediate tarsi: this is the principal

distinction.

Genus THyreEopon, Brullé.

i. Thyreodon purpurascens.

Female.—Length 13 lines. Obscure blue-black, with

bright purple tints, particularly brilliant on the mesothorax

and abdomen; the antennz yellow, with two or three of

the basal joints black. Tlie head closely punctured. The

mesothorax closely punctured and with two impressed lines

in the centre, which run from the anterior margin and

converge at the middle of the disk, the slightly impressed

single channel running backward to the scutellum; the

scutellum and metathorax both coarsely rugose, the latter

having a deep central longitudinal channel; the wings

dark fuscous, and with brilliant tints of violet and purple,

their base and apical margins dark fuscous; the cox and

trochanters purple. Abdomen smooth, shining, and having

bright purple tints.

Hab.—Hiogo.

The description given by Brullé of Thyreodon morio

would, to some extent, apply to this species, but it would

not distinguish the morio of Fabricius, the type of which

is in the Banksian Collection, now deposited in the British

Museum. ‘That insect is nine lines in length, is black,

has the face variegated with yellow; a spot on the man-

dibles, the scape in front, and the anterior legs, also yellow;

the antenne orange-yellow; wings dark fuscous and with

violet iridescence.

Genus ANOMALON, Grav.

1. Anomalon flavifrons.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Head and thorax black ;

legs and abdomen reddish-yellow, with black markings.

Head: the face, mandibles and cheeks yellow, as well as

the scape in front; the antennz fulvous beneath and fus-

cous above; a minute yellow spot at the summit of each

DD2

396 Mr. F. Smith’s desertptions

eye. Thorax: the anterior and intermediate coxe and

trochanters bright yellow; the posterior trochanters and

femora dusky above; the posterior tibiz black at their

apex ; wings hyaline and brightly iridescent, the nervures

fuscous, the stigma pale yellow. Abdomen: the base of

the first segment above, the second segment above, and

the fifth and two following segments, black above.

2. Anomalon insidiator.

Female.—Length 15 lines. Head and thorax black;

antenne and legs yellow, the posterior pair variegated

with black; wings flavo-hyaline. Head: the face, as high

as the antenne, the cheeks, mandibles and palpi, yellow ;

the scape above, as well as two or three of the basal joints

of the flagellum, black above. Thorax: three longitudinal

impressed lines on the mesothorax; the metathorax coarsely

rugose, and having a deep central longitudinal channel ;

wings faintly clouded at their apical margins, the tegule

and nervures ferruginous; the posterior cox, the femora

above, and the tibize towards their apex, black. Abdomen:

the two basal segments, and the two apical segments above,

black.

Genus Paniscus, Grav.

1. Paniscus unicolor.

Male.—Length 7 lines. Pale rufous; the face yellowish-

white, as well as the scape of the antennz in front. The

mesothorax with two oblique pale impressed lines, which

converge towards the scutellum, which is also paler than

the mesothorax; wings hyaline, the nervures fuscous, the

stigma yellow. ‘The claws of the tarsi ferruginous.

Genus Opnion, Fabr.

1. Ophion pungens.

Female.—Length 9 lines. Rufous: the face and also

the cheeks yellow ; the thorax palest on the sides and be- '

neath; the metathorax slightly rounded at the sides; the

wings hyalie and iridescent, the nervures fuscous, the

stigma ferruginous.

This species only differs from the Ophion merdarius of

Europe in the form of the metathorax, which is broader,

of new species of Tenthredinide, §e. 397

the sides being rounded : it has the apex of both the first

and second segments of the abdomen swollen as in O.

merdarius.

2. Ophion flavopictus.

Female.—Length 7 lines. Rufous: the head, four

narrow lines on the thorax, the scutellum, the sides of the

thorax and of the abdomen, pale yellow. The eyes, ocelli,

and tips of the mandibles, black; antenne rufous. Thorax:

the two central yellow lines on the mesothorax unite with

a quadrate spot before the scutellum; the pectus, and

sutures of the thorax, rufous ; the cox yellow outside;

wings subhyaline and iridescent, the nervures fuscous, the

stigma pale. The first segment of the abdomen pale.

3. Ophion unicolor.

Female.—Length 43 lines. Rufous; eyes and ocelli

black ; wings hyaline and iridescent, nervures ferruginous,

stigma pale; the tegule and scutellum pale.

Genus XYLONOMUS, Grav.

1. Xylonomus investigator.

Female.—Length 7 lines. Black: the head shining,

finely punctured, the vertex nearly impunctate; the thorax

and abdomen very closely punctured and semi-opaque.

The face and cheeks with a thin griseous pubescence; the

palpi pale testaceous. Thorax pubescent, the pubescence

short, thin, and most observable on the sides and beneath;

the mesothorax with two oblique impressed lines, which

converge to the base of the scutellum; the intermediate

space transversely rugulose posteriorly; the metathorax

has, at its base, a short central carina terminating at a

subtriangular enclosed space, from which two carine branch

off laterally on each side; the apex of the metathorax has

a series of radiating strixs between two arched carinx,

these carine terminate laterally in short spines or teeth ;

wings subhyaline, their nervures black, the tegulz pale

testaceous; the four anterior legs ferruginous, the anterior

cox being yellowish outside; the posterior tibiee and tarsi

obscurely rufo-piceous. The first and second segments of

the abdomen punctured, the following segments very deli-

cately so.

398 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

This insect very closely resembles a species from Amoor

in Siberia, but must be considered distinct, the latter hav-

_ ing the thorax more elongate before the wings; it has also

a deep longitudinal channel on the first segment, and it

has also two or three joints of the antennz towards their

apex, white.

Fam. BRACONIDZ&.

Genus AGATHIs, Latr.

1, Agathis atricornis.

Female.—Length 31 lines. Rufous: the antenne and

the vertex black; the head deeply concave behind the

ocelli. Thorax: the mesothorax with a central and two

oblique longitudinal channels; the metathorax with six

longitudinal carinz; the spaces between them are trans-

versely carinate; the tips of the posterior tibie, the tarsi

above, and the valves of the ovipositor, black; the wings

fuscous; the space between the apex of the externo-medial

cell, and that of the marginal cell of the anterior wings,

dark fuscous; this is crossed by a hyaline fascia at the

base of the stigma, it also passes a short way across the

posterior wings; .the base of the anterior wings sub-

hyaline, and a small hyaline spot at the apex of the

marginal cell.

Fam. CHRYSIDID ZX.

Genus STILBUM, Spin.

1. Stilbum amethystina.

Chrysis amethystina, Fabr. Syst. Ent. 539 ; Ent. Syst.

i. 243; Syst. Piez. 176.

Stilbum splendidum, Dahlb. Hym. Europ. ii. 358 (nec

Fabr.).

Hab.— Hiogo.

All authors who have quoted the S. splendidum of

Fabricius have mistaken his species, although, in his first

description, he commences, “ Magna. Caput viride, &c.,”

a term he does not apply to any other species. It is true

that he quotes Malabar as one of the localities, but that is

evidently an error, since he adds, “In nova Hollandia,

Mus. Dom. Banks;” and the description applies to the

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 399

Australian insect. Stilbum amethystina is also described

in his first work, and is readily distinguished as belonging

to the genus Stilbum, as he describes the scutellum as

“prominulo, concayo;” the habitat given is Australia,

the type being in “Mus. Dom. Banks.” The Banksian

Collection is now in the British Museum; I have com-

pared the type with other examples from Australia, and

also with Asiatic, ones, and cannot detect any specific

differences.

Genus Curysis, Linn.

1. Chrysis Daphne.

Female.—Length 3} lines. Head and thorax ereen,

abdomen purple, with shades of gold and coppery bril-

hiancy. Head and thorax, as well as the extreme base of

the abdomen, very coarsely punctured, the second segment

of the abdomen much more finely and closely punctured,

and the third more finely punctured than the second, the

apical segment armed with four angular acute teeth; the

lateral angles of the apical margin acute, not toothed. A

dark blue spot encloses the ocelli; the antenns black; the

head posteriorly dark blue. Thorax: the prothorax with

three dark blue spots, and the central division of the me-

sothorax also obscurely blue; wings hyaline, the nervures

testaceous ; the legs green, the tarsi fuscous. Abdomen:

the apical margin of the first segment golden-green, the

lateral margins bright green, with a coppery brilliancy in

-certain lights ; the apical margins of the second and third

seements have a similar green and coppery brilliancy ;

beneath of a steel-blue, with the base of the segments

black.

Hab.—Hiogo.

The following four species of Chaleidide are described

by Mr. Francis Walker, whose works on that family of

insects are so well known to Entomologists; he also kindly

described the new species of Epyris belonging to the

family Proctotrupide.

Fam. CHALCIDID Z.

Genus Cuaxcis, Fabr.

1. Chalcis obscurata.

Male.—Length 23 lines. Nigra, abdomen apicem versus

cinereo-tomentosum ; femora, apicis tibie tarsisque flava ;

400 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

tibie subtus nigro-vittate ; tibiee postice basi nigra; ale

cinerez.

Male.—Body, antennz and legs black, with the usual

structure. Body convex. Head and thorax scabrous,

dull. Antennz stout, nearly filiform. Prothorax about

four times as broad as long. Sutures of the parapsides

distinct. Abdomen smooth, shining, subsessile, with ci-

nereous tomentum towards the tip. Femora yellow at the

tips, hind femora minutely denticulated beneath. Tibi

yellow, striped beneath with black; hind tibiz black at

the base. ‘Tarsi yellow, tips black. Wings cinereous; ~

squamul yellow; veins black; ulna about half as long as

the humerus.

Hab.—Wiogo.

Perhaps a variety of C. inelinator, a native of Ceylon,

Celebes and Aru; the black hue predominates a little more

on the legs, and the wings are cinereous, not pellucid.

The Chinese specimens included with C. inclinator belong

to C. obscurator.

Genus Epirranus, Walk.

1. Epitranus albipennis.

Female.—Leneth 14 line. Niger; petiolus gracilis,

elongatus; abdomen fusiforme subcompressum, thorace

brevius et multo angustius ; pedes quatuor anteriores lutei ;

pedes postici picei, femoribus inermibus; alee albze.

Body black, convex. Head and thorax scabrous,

slightly shming. Head a little broader than the thorax.

Antenne black, subclavate, very much shorter than the

thorax. Prothorax about twice as long as broad. Sutures

of the parapsides strongly marked. Scutellum small.

Metathorax large, obliquely sloping. [Petiole slender,

cylindrical, as long as the hind coxz and more than half

as long as the abdomen. Abdomen fusiform, smooth,

shining, slightly compressed, shorter and much narrower

than the thorax. Jour anterior legs luteous. Hind legs

piceous; coxe very long; femora incrassated, not den-

ticulated; tibiz slightly curved. Wings white, veins

whitish; ulna shorter than the humerus; radius none;

cubitus short ; stigma small.

Hab.— Hiogo.

Genus HALTIcELLA, Spin.

1. Halticella apicalis.

Female.—Length 24 lines. Nigra; antenna filiformes ;

metathorax tricarinatus; abdomen longi-ovatum, subsessile,

of new species of Tenthredinide, Sc. 401

thorace equilongum ; femora postica, tibix apice tarsisque

quatuor anteriores rufa; als fuliginose.

: ais convex. Head and thorax finely punc-

gue » slightly shining. Head as broad as the thorax ;

ont deeply excavated as usual. Antenne black, fili-

form, inserted near the mouth, shorter than the thorax.

Prothorax about four times as broad as long. Sutures of

the parapsides distinct. Paraptera and scutellum large.

Metathorax with three keels. Abdomen elongate-oval,

smooth, shining, subsessile, acute at the tip, about as long

as the thorax; first joint as long as the five following

together. Legs black; four anterior tarsi, tips of tibiae

and hind formora red, the latter incrassated. Wings

smoky-brown ; veins black; humerus a little more than

half as long as the wing; ulna about one-sixth as long as

the humerus; radius and cubitus extremely short.

Hab.— Miogo.

. Genus Evrytoma, Illig.

des Line \

at 1, Eurytoma antica.

~ Female.—Niegra ; antennz subfiliformes, basi lutes ;

prothorax longissimus, antice latior ; metathorax sulcatus ;

pedes lutei, femoribus tibiisque apud medium piceis; ale

diaphanze, corpore multo breviores,

Female.—Length 2}—23 lines. Body black, long,

slender, convex. Head slightly shining, finely punc-

tured, somewhat broader than the prothorax. Antenne

black, nearly filiform, much shorter than the thorax; 1st

joint luteous, slender, linear; 2nd small, subcyanthiform,

mostly luteous; 3rd—8th linear, successively decreasing

in length; club fusiform, a little longer than the 3rd joint.

Thorax dull, finely scabrous. Prothorax large, subquad-

rate, slightly widening from the fore-border to the hind-

border. Scutum of the mesothorax a little shorter and

narrower than the prothorax, with well-defined sutures of

the parapsides. Scutellum rather small. Metathorax

tapering hindward, with a middle longitudinal furrow.

Petiole short, slender, distinct. Abdomen elongate-fusi-

form, quite smooth, highly polished, a little narrower

than the mesothorax, and about as long as the whole

thorax ; 2nd segment much shorter than the Ist and than

the 3rd; 4th larger than the Ist and the 3rd; 3rd as long

as the 2nd; 6th longer than the 4th. Legs luteous;

femora and tibiz piceous, except towards each end ; fore-

- tibize occasionally wholly luteous ; tarsi with piceous tips.

402 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions ‘

Wings limpid, much shorter than the body ; veins piceous ;

humerus rather more than half the length of the wing ;

ulna about one-fourth the length of the humerus; radius

much shorter than the ulna; cubitus a little shorter than

the radius; stigma small.

Hab.— Hiogo. -

It agrees in some characters with the species included

under the generic name Jsosoma, which, as I have before

mentioned, I purpose reuniting to Kurytoma.

Fam. PROCTOTRUPID&.

Genus Epyris, Westw.

1. Epyris apicalis.

Female.— Length 4 lines. Nigra; antennez pices, basi

nigre ; metathorax scite striatus; abdomen apice rufum,

segmentis ventralibus piceo-marginatis; tarsi ferruginel ;

alze fuscescentes.

Body black, shining, nearly linear; head and thorax

thinly and finely punctured, slightly convex. Head trans-

verse, much broader than the thorax. Antenne piceous,

curved ; scape black ; prothorax small, transverse, narrower

in front. Scutum large. Scutellum small. Metathorax

very large, flat, finely sculptured above with longitudinal

strie, nearly perpendicular hindward. Petiole very short.

Abdomen lanceolate, convex, smooth, red at the tip, a

little longer than the thorax; hind border of the ventral

segments piceous. Legs short, stout; tarsi ferruginous.

Wings brownish, a little longer than the thorax ; veins

black.

Tribe HETEROGYNA, Latr.

Fam. FORMICIDZ.

Genus Camponotus, Mayr.

1. Camponotus ligniperdus, Mayr, Europ. Formicid. 35.

Formica ligniperda, Latr. Hist. Nat. Fourm. 88;

St. Farge. Hym.i. 209; Ny-

land. Adm. Mon. Form. 898 ;

Form. France et Algér. 55;

Foerst. Hym. Stud. Form. _

Hab.—F vance; Germany ; Austria ; Finland; Siberia;

Japan.

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 403

2. Camponotus japonicus, Mayr, Diag. neue Formi-

cids FS .

3. Camponotus vitiosus.

Worker.—Length 22 lines. Shining-black; the an-

tennze and legs rufo-piceous, the tarsi and joints of the

legs palest; the mandibles obscure rufo-piceous. Head

oblong, subquadrate. Thorax narrowed posteriorly, the

*metathorax obliquely truncate ; the scale of the peduncle

narrow, its superior margin rounded and fringed with a

few stiff hairs.

Hab.—Hiogo.

This species resembles dark examples of Camponotus

lateralis of Europe, but is distinct; its thorax is evenly

obliquely inclined to the margin of the metathorax, not

elevated and abruptly truncate, as in C. lateralis; the

description is that of a worker minor.

Genus Lasrus, Fabr.

1. Lasius fuliginosus, Mayr, Europ. Formicid. 49.

Formica fuliginosa, Latr. Hist. Nat. Fourm. 140;

St. Farg. Hym. 1.200; Nyl.

Mon. Form. Bor. 915 ; Foerst.

Hym. Stud. Form. 28; Smith,

Brit. Form.105 ; Mayr, Form.

Austr. 79.

Hab.— Europe; Japan.

2, Lasius niger, Fabr. Syst. Piez. 415; Mayr, Europ.

Formicid. 49.

Formica nigra, Linn. Faun. Suec. No. 1723 5 Fabr.

Ent. Syst. ii.352; Latr. Hist. Nat.

Fourm. 156; St. Farg. Hym. i.

206; Nyland. Mon. Form. Bor.

920; Schenck, Beschr. Nass.

Ameis. 49; Smith, Brit. Form.

109.

Formica fusca, Foerst. Hym. Stud. Form. 33.

Genus PoLyRHACcHIS, Smith.

1. Polyrhachis lamellidens, Mayr, MS. ?

Worker.— Length 34 lines. Head and abdomen black,

smooth and shining; thorax opaque, ferruginous. Head:

404 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

the clypeus with a sharp central longitudinal carina; the

mandibles aciculate and punctured. Thorax: armed an-

teriorly with two stout divergent spines; the mesothorax

has on each side a short stout spine, which curves out-

wardly and inclines backwards ; the metathorax with two

short, stout, blunt spines. Abdomen: the peduncle termi-

nates above in two divergent, acute, curved spines, which

are inclined over the base of the abdomen, which is highly

polished and shining.

Hab.— Wiogo.

This species is most closely allied to P. bellicosus ; in

the British Museum are specimens of the species from

Hong Kong.

Genus TaprnoMa, Foerst.

1. Tapinoma flavipes.

Female.—Length 2 lines. Fuscous, opaque, sericeous.

Antenne bright yellow, 12-jointed; ocelli placed back-

ward on the vertex, the posterior pair situated at its pos-

terior margin. ‘Thorax short and ovate; wings subhy-

aline, with a fulvous tinge; with one large marginal cell

and one submarginal, the discoidal cells obsolete ; legs of

a bright golden-yellow. Abdomen oblong-ovate; petiole

small and inclined forwards.

Worker.— Length 1 line. Yellow and shining; the

head and posterior half of the abdomen somewhat fuscous ;

the scale of the abdomen inclined forwards.

Hab.— Hiogo.

Fam. PONERID 4.

Genus Pongra, Latr. vf

1. Ponera solitaria.

Worker.—Length 2 lines. Black, slightly shining,

and having a thin grey pile; the apex of the scape, the

flagellum, and the legs ferruginous; the mandibles ferru-

ginous, and denticulate on the inner margin; the meta-

thorax compressed, subcarinate longitudinally above, and

obliquely truncate behind; the node of the peduncle in-

crassate, its superior margin rounded; the apical segments

of the abdomen pale rufo-testaceous.

Hab.— Hiogo.

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c. 405

Fam. MYRMICID ®.

Genus ApHa&NoGAsTER, Mayr. |

1. Aphenogaster aciculata.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Shining jet-black. Head:

the mandibles aciculate and somewhat obscurely ferru-

ginous; the extreme apex of the scape and also of the

flagellum rufo-piceous; the head aciculate. Thorax:

above longitudinally aciculate and having a few scattered

punctures; scutellum rounded behind and having a central

longitudinal impressed line, the metathorax deeply ex-

cavated in the middle, the excavation transversely acicu-

late; the four apical joints of the tarsi rufo-testaceous.

Abdomen: the two nodes of the peduncle rugulose ; the

segments smooth and shining, and with scattered pale

setee.

Worker.—Length 24 lines. Jet-black, the head and

thorax aciculate, the abdomen smooth and shining, and

with scattered pale sete. The extreme apex of the

antennz, the tips of the femora and of the tibiz, and the

apical joints of the tarsi, rufo-testaceous; the nodes of the

abdomen rugose.

Hab.—Hiogo.

Genus IscHNOMYRMEX, Mayr.

1. Ischnomyrmex famelicus.

Worker.—Length 3 lines. Black, nigro-piceous or

rufo-piceous, very variable in colour ; large workers usually

black, with more or less ferruginous-coloured legs ; small

workers rufo-piceous, with intermediate shades in different

examples. Head oblong, eyes lateral, small and prominent,

situated about the middle of the length of the head;

antenne nearly as long as the body; mandibles trigonate,

prominent and dentate. Thorax: the prothorax produced

into a short neck; the metathorax bidendate; above with

a longitudinal channel; legs elongate, the intermediate

and posterior tibis with very short fine spines at their

apex. Abdomen: the petiole of the first node long;

the node, viewed laterally, of a blunt wedge-shape ; the

second node subglobose; abdomen smooth, shining and

ovate, usually palest at the apex.

Hab.— Hiogo.

406 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

Genus LrerrorHorax, Mayr.

1. Leptothorax congruus.

Worker.—Length 14 line. Black-brown; head oblong,

eyes about the middle, lateral; the base of the scape of

the antennz and the flagellum rufo-testaceous; the three-

jointed club dark fuscous; the head longitudinally finely

striated. Thorax finely rugulose; the base of the femora

and of the tibiz, and also the tarsi, pale rufo-testaceous ;

the thorax is narrowed posteriorly, where it is‘armed with

two short spines. Abdomen smooth and shining, truncate

at the base.

Hab.—Hiogo.

This insect is like LZ. acervorum, but smaller.

Genus Monomorium, Mayr.

1. Monomorium intrudens.

Worker.—Length 1 line. Head yellowish-chestnut,

very smooth and shining; eyes minute, placed at the sides

of head anteriorly ; the club of the antennz three-jointed

and rather darker than the head. The thorax, legs and

nodes of the peduncle pale yellow. The extreme base of

the abdomen pale, the rest of it nearly black.

Hab.—Hiogo.

This minute ant is probably, like two or three of the

species of the genus, found in houses; the common house __

ant found in many London houses belongs to the same

genus. The species are remarkable for not having any

suture between the pro- and meso-thorax, and the meta-

thorax is not spined.

Genus PHEIDOLE, Westw.

1. Pheidole fervida. \/

Female.—Length 34 lines. Pale chestnut-colour, the

-mandibles of a brownish-black, punctured, very stout and

with two teeth at their apex ; head about the same width

as the thorax; longitudinally striated and slightly emar-

ginate behind. Thorax ovate, rather longer than broad,.

shining and flattened above; the scutellum smooth and

shining; legs paler than the body. Abdomen ovate,

smooth and shining, the apical margins of the segments

pale.

of new species of Tenthredinide, §c. 407

Worker.—Length 13 lines. Head of a deeper colour

than the female, and four times the width of the prothorax ;

deeply incised behind ; longitudinally striated, the strize

becoming obsolete at the margin of the vertex. The

thorax widened anteriorly and angulated at the sides;

much narrowed posteriorly; the metathorax with two short,

erect, acute spines; the legs and abdomen testaceous.

Hab.—Hiogo.

2. Pheidole nodus.

Worker.—Length 24 lines. Obscurely ferruginous ; the

head anteriorly, the thorax, and the base of the abdomen,

brightest. Head longitudinally striated; deeply emar-

ginate behind, where it is deeply and coarsely punctured.

The thorax rugose above ; the metathorax with two short,

acute spines. Abdomen: the first node of the peduncle

narrow, its superior margin rounded; the second large,

transverse, four times the width of the first, angular at the

sides, above having a few transverse strie. The head

twice the width of the abdomen.

Hab.—Hiogo.

Of the same size as, and resembling the P. dicarinatus

of Mayr, from Calcutta, but distinguished by the enlarged

second node of the abdomen.

Genus CREMATOGASTER, Lund.

1. Crematogaster laboriosa.

Worker.—Length 14 lin. Nigro-piceous, occasionally

rufo-piceous, being more or less obscure, smooth and

shining; the head narrowed behind the eyes, slightly so

in front of them, the tibize and tarsi paler than the femora;

the metathorax with two short acute spies; the base ot

the abdomen usually paler than the apex, which is acute.

Hab.— Hiogo.

Fam. MUTILLID 4.

Genus Mutizua, Linn.

—— 1. Mutilla pungens.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Head: anterior margin of

the thorax narrowly, and the abdomen, black; thorax

otherwise red. A pubescent spot in the middle of the

basal segment, and a narrow fascia on the apical margin

408 Mr. F. Smith’s descriptions

of the second segment, and the extreme apex, pale golden-

yellow; the rest of the pubescence on the abdomen above

black ; beneath, the margins of the segments are thinly

fringed with pale hairs. The thorax oblong, densely

covered with strong confluent punctures, slightly narrowed

in middle ; the tarsi rufo-testaceous; the calcaria at the

apex of the tibiz pale testaceous.

Hab.— Miogo.

Var. differs in being smaller, in being more finely

punctured, and in having the legs red, with tips of the

joints blackish. May possibly be a distinct species.

2. Mutilla insidiator.

Female.—Length 3 lines. Black, the thorax red; a

transverse glittering silvery-white pubescent spot on each

side of the second segment, before the middle, and the

apical segment covered with similar pubescence. The

_ head strongly and closely punctured. Thorax oblong,

the sides nearly parallel, slightly narrowed about the

middle, and covered with large deep confluent punctures,

the thinly-scattered- pubescence on its disk black; legs

black, and with thin pale glittering pubescence; the

calcaria at the apex of the tibiz white ; the tarsi obscurely

rufo-testaceous. Abdomen with rather distant punctures,

and covered with short black pubescence; beneath, the

pubescence is pale and glittering.

Hab.—Uiogo.

3. Mutilla petulans.

Male.—Length 5 lines. Head and thorax black, basal

half of the abdomen red. Head and thorax strongly and

closely punctured; the metathorax with large coarse

punctures; the tegule and a small space on the scutellum

smooth and shining; the thinly-scattered pubescence on

the thorax and head silvery-white, except a little on the

vertex of the latter, which is black; wings slightly fuscous,

darkest towards their apex. Abdomen: the first and

second segment ferruginous, the others black; the first

seoment strongly punctured, the second more finely and

more distantly so; the other segments finely punctured ;

the apical margins of the third and fourth seements with

narrow silvery-white fasciz; the pubescence on the other

seoments black.

Hab.—Hiogo.

ete

14 . -

of new species of Tenthredinide, &c.

LEST OF SPECIES:

Fam. TENTHREDINID &.

Hylotoma nigritarsis.

imperator.

humeralis.

ephippiata.

simillima.

similis.

pagana, Panz.

trinotata.

captiva.

Selandria nigriceps.

Strongylogaster iridipennis.

Pachyprotasis erraticus.

_ Macrophya nigropicta.

vexator.

apicalis.

pacifica.

ferox.

ignava.

irritans.

carbonaria.

timida.

luctifera.

flavipes.

Tenthredo erratica.

providens.

scalaris.

hilaris.

volatilis.

Dolerus ephippiatus.

fuscipennis.

subfasciatus.

nigro-ceruleus.

Lyda volatilis.

venustus.

latifrons.

Cephus viator.

agilis.

Sirex japonicus.

Fam. ICHNEUMONID &.

Ichneumon generosus.

cognatorius.

doliturus.

cursorius.

flavitarsis.

virulentus.

improvidus.

incanescens.

vexator.

irritator.

rufitarsis.

dentatus.

intrudens.

Cryptus ambulator.

TRANS. ENT. Soc. 1874.—PART III.

——

Fam. ICHNEUMONID A—contd.

Cryptus carbonarius.

basalis.

penetrator.

punctator.

maculipes.

Trogus arrogans.

Pimpla destructor.

Inctuosa.

Thyreodon purpurascens.

Anomalon flavifrons.

insidiator.

Paniscus unicolor.

Ophion pungens.

flavopictus.

unicolor.

Xylonomus investigator.

Fam. BRACONID &.

Agathis atricornis.

Fam. CHRYSIDID &.

Stilbum amethystina.

Chrysis Daphne.

Fam. CHALCIDID.

Chalcis obscurata.

Epitranus albipennis.

Halticella apicalis.

Eurytoma antica.

Fam. PROCTOTRUPID &.

Epyris apicalis.

Fam. FORMICID &.

Camponotus ligniperdus, Mayr. ~

japonicus, Mayr.

vitiosus.

Lasius fuliginosus, Mayr.

niger, Fabr.——»

Polyrachis lamellidens, Mayr. -—~

Tapinoma flavipes.

Fam. PONERID 2.

Ponera solitaria.

Fam. MYRMICID.

Aphenogaster aciculata,

Ischnomyrmex famelicus.

Leptothorax congruus.

Monomorium intrudens.’

Pheidole fervida.

nodus.

Crematogaster laboriosa.

Fam. MUTILLID %.

Mutilla pungens. =

insidiator.

petulans.

(JULY. ) EE

409

(eat >)

XVII. Descriptions of new species of Lucanide. By

Mons. Henri Deyrotir. Communicated by

Major F. J. Sipney Parry, F.L.S.

[Read Ist June, 1874.]

Eigus grandis, H. Deyr. (var. med.). (Pl. V. fig. 6.)

Evureric, broad, flat, deep shining black, the whole of

the upper surface punctured, elytra deeply striate.

_Mandibles narrow, slightly curved, very finely rugose,

slightly depressed, each armed internally at the base with

a rather long horizontal tooth on a level below that of the

surface of the mandible.

Head nearly twice as wide as long; sides sub-parallel

posteriorly, shghtly sinuate in front of the eyes, and

somewhat oblique in the remaining anterior portion ;

clypeus scarcely prominent, rather broad, strongly and

somewhat semi-circularly emarginate, so as to leave only

the two angular teeth; finely rugulose in front, covered

with irregularly impressed points, these points stronger

and thicker in the post-ocular region, nearly smooth

behind towards the occiput.

Prothorax transverse, slightly narrowed in front, sides

rounded in their anterior two-thirds, obliquely truncate

posteriorly ; anterior angles prominent and rounded; an-

terior margin widely lobed in the centre, posterior margin

strongly bi-sinuate; covered with a strong close punc-

tuation on the margins, finer and sparser on the disc, with

an irregular narrow smooth central space limited by

punctures similar to those of the margins.

Scutellum with a few punctures on the margins.

Elytra oval, margined, angular at the shoulders, each

with eight deep punctured strix, of which the external

one is obsolete and only indicated by punctures, interstices

slightly convex, covered with a strong and close punctua-

tion, not however sufficiently strong to render the surface

opaque ; punctuation of the margins deeper and denser.

Beneath strongly punctured at the sides and base of

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.) FF

412 Mons. Henri Deyrolle’s descriptions

the abdomen; head, breast and greater part of the abdo-

men nearly smooth.

L. 13°5 millim. W. 4:2 millim.

The var. max. will probably present considerable

modifications of the mandibles, perhaps also a much

sparser punctuation of the elytra.

Hab.—Timor, Malacca, Cambodia. Colls. de Mniszech

and Parry.

Cardanus levigatus, H. Deyr.

Black, shining, narrow and parallel; elytra with six

punctured striz on the middle of each, of these the inner

and outer are obsolete, and in addition there is a very

deeply impressed sutural and marginal stria.

Of the size and form of C. cribratus; head nearly semi-

circular, slightly truncate in front, depressed above, covered

with large umbilicate punctures which are obsolete in the

middle; eyes surmounted by an oblique ridge ; mandibles

rather wide at the base, with a ridge extending thence

nearly to the apex.

Prothorax slightly rounded at the sides; angles rounded,

the anterior somewhat prominent; traversed by a longi-

tudinal depression commencing at a short distance from

the base and terminating anteriorly in a small tubercle,

the bottom of this depression covered with sub-confluent

punctures; at the sides of the disc an oblique series of

irregular punctures arising at the anterior angles, these

punctures are coarser towards the posterior third.

Elytra parallel, angular at the shoulders, the striz

obsolete on the terminal callus, the space between which

and the margin is opaque, with a few punctures.

Beneath shining, strongly punctate, the middle of the

body, the margins of the abdominal segments, the femora

and the tibize smooth.

L. 9 millim. W. 2°5 millim.

Hab.—Philippines and Moluccas (Lorquin). Coll.

de Mniszech.

Figulus ater, H. Deyr.

Deep shining black; rather short and parallel; clypeus

deeply emarginate; ocular canthi sub-parallel, emarginate

in front of the eyes; prothorax with a punctate longitu-

dinal depression occupying a little more than a third of

its median length ; elytra deeply striate-punctate.

of new species of Lucanide. 413

Allied to F. laticollis, Esch. ; differs from it in havine

the clypeus shorter and more evidently emarginate, by

the emarginate ocular canthi, by the well-marked pro-

thoracic fovex, and finally by having the strie much

deeper.

L. 14 millim. W. 4:2 millim.

Hab.—Mysol. Colls. de Mniszech and Parry.

Figulus punctato-striatus, H. Deyr.

Black, rather short, clypeus scarcely apparent, entire ;

prothorax coarsely punctured at the sides, finely on’ the

disc, with a punctured central fovea extended anteriorly

and posteriorly by a few large punctures; elytra dentate

at the shoulders, traversed by wide deep striz furnished

with large punctures, interstices convex.

A variety from Malacca is a trifle smaller, the pro-

thoracic fovea is less marked and might rather be styled

a longitudinal depression, the ocular canthi are a little

less sinuate in front; some immature specimens are red-

brown.

Allied to F. ater, but wider in proportion, easily dis-

tinguished by the width and coarser punctuation of the

elytral striae, by the more conspicuously dentate shoulders,

by the visible punctuation of the entire surface of the

prothorax, and lastly by the different form of the clypeus.

L. 13°5 millim. W. 4:2 millim.

Hab.—Timor, Malacca. Colls. de Mniszech and

Parry.

Figulus rugosus, H. Deyr.

Blackish-brown; short, wide, strongly punctate.

Head transverse-quadrate, rounded at the angles, and,

as it were, truncate in front; clypeus conspicuous, narrow,

sub-truncate in front; rather strongly punctate in the

middle and behind; with four distinct tubercles and one

somewhat obsolete in the centre in front.

Prothorax transverse, with the posterior angles broadly

rounded, covered at the sides with a coarse punctuation

extending on the disc very nearly to a long central depres-

sion furnished with large scattered punctures, and nearly

reaching the little tubercle on the anterior margin and

the posterior margin.

FF2

414 Mons. Henri Deyrolle’s descriptions

Elytra short, angular at the shoulders, deeply striate-

punctate, interstices very prominent and convex, terminal

space very rugose.

Beneath deeply and thickly punctate.

This species is the shortest of the whole genus.

L. 10°5 millim. W. 4 millim.

Hab.—Borneo. Coll. de Mniszech.

Figulus Cambodiensis, H. Deyr.

Allied to Ff. scaritiformis ; differs from it in having the

ocular canthi sub-angular in front and almost straight at

the sides; in the punctuation of the central depression

being coarser and occupying a greater width ; and finally

by the entire absence of the opaque space at the extremity

of the elytra, which are polished throughout.

L. 10 millim. W. 3 millim.

Hab.—Cambodia. Colls. de Mniszech and Parry.

Figulus mediocris, H. Deyr.

Deep chestnut, approaching black; head rugose, with

five tubercles, three anterior in a transverse line and two

behind them.

Allied to F. lilliputanus, Westw., of the same form;

punctuation of the head coarser, ocular tubercles less cari-

niform; punctuation of the prothorax coarser and extend-

ing farther on the disc; central depression wider, more

parallel, more punctured; striz of elytra much deeper

and more punctured, the interstices not flattened poste-

riorly ; quite at the extremity is a large opaque punctate

space, not present in F. lilliputanus.

L. 8 millim. W. 2°5 millim.

Hab.—Borneo, Malacca. Colls. de Mniszech and

Parry.

Figulus minutus, H. Deyyr.

Black, narrow, parallel; elytra strongly punctate-striate,

interstices not flattened; head rugose sub-trituberculate

above.

Allied to F. fissicollis, Fairm., a trifle wider ; prothorax

not so long; head conspicuously more thickly punctate,

with a well-developed tubercle right in front, and with two

larger but less prominent tubercles behind.

of new species of Lucanide. 415

Prothorax destitute of tubercle on its anterior margin,

the central impressed line not so deep as in F. fissicollis.

Elytra as in F. fissicollis; their striz, however, a trifle

narrower anteriorly, and their punctuation a little closer.

Legs very dark chestnut, almost black.

It differs likewise from £. modestus in the tuberculation

and punctuation of the head, in the ocular canthi being

more oblique, and in the absence of a tubercle in front of

the prothorax.

L.7 millim. W. 2°25 millim.

Hab.—Banda. Coll. de Mniszech.

pha

—

XVIII. Some Additions to the Coleopterous Fauna of

Japan. By D. Suarpe.

[Read 6th July, 1874.]

SINCE my former papers on the Water-beetles and Staphy-

linidze of Japan were presented to the Society, I have

received some additional specimens from Mr. Lewis as

well as from other sources, and am enabled to add the

following species to the list of Japanese insects :—

Hunectes sticticus, Linn, This widely-distributed insect

has been found in Japan by Mr. Lewis.

Dytiscus marginalis, Linn. I have a single male indi-

vidual of this species labelled as coming from Japan ;

though it differs in one or two respects very slightly from

European specimens, I do not think it can be considered

a distinct species.

Gyrinus curtus, Mots. I have now obtained more

individuals of the small species of Gyrinus alluded to in

my former paper. Motschoulsky’s short description of

G. curtus does not permit me to decide with certainty

whether these specimens belong to the species he in-

tended under that name; but as it appears to me very

probable that they do, I will merely reproduce here his

description ; noting that the inflexed margin of the elytra

is reddish, and that the width is about 11—14 lin. in my

specimens.

Gyrinus curtus, Mots. Bull. Mosc. 1866, 1. Peo LOS:

« Statura G. natator?, sed brevior, ovatus, nitidus, supra

plumbeo-niger, sutura eenea, subtus niger, elytrorum mar-

gine subtus anoque brunneis, pedibus testaceis 5 elytris

sequaliter punctato-striatis, interstitiis planis, apice lato

arquatim truncato. Long. 2} lin.; lat. 13 ln.”

Cercyon quisquilius, Linn. A single specimen of this

species has been recently received by Mr. Lewis from

KKawatchi, Japan.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

418 Mr. D. Sharp’s Additions to the

Cercyon ustus, n. sp. Ovalis, nitidus, fuscus, limbo

dilutiore; antennis, palpis pedibusque testaceis; crebre

punctatus, elytris evidenter punctato-striatis. Long. 2}

mm.

This species is closely allied to our Cercyon aquaticum

and Cercyon laterale, but is smaller than either of these,

and also has the palpi shorter than they are in those species;

the pale legs and palpi also readily distinguish it from C.

aquaticum, and the more rounded hind angles of the thorax,

as also the striz of the elytra (which are not deeper behind),

from C. laterale. ‘The head is black, and its punctuation

is distinct and moderately close. The thorax is pitchy, with

.the sides yellowish, and distinctly rounded near the hind

angles ; its punctuation similar to that of the head. The

elytra vary in colour, being generally of a testaceous colour,

much infuscated ; the amount of the infuscation varying

considerably ; they are distinctly and moderately closely

punctured, and each has also nine rows of fine punctures ;

the sutural one becomes towards the extremity an impressed

stria, but the other rows do not. The legs are entirely

yellow.

Cercyon olibrus, n. sp. Brevis, rotundatus, castaneus,

nitidus; elytris evidenter striatis, striis quatuor internis pos-

tice profundioribus, interstitiis obsolete punctatis. Long.

circiter 2 mm.

About the size of Megasternum boletophagum, but less

convex than that species. Antenne and palpi yellow; the

apical joints of the latter very slender. Head moderately

closely and distinctly punctured. Thorax rather finely and

only moderately closely punctured. The striz on the elytra

are at the basal portion formed by rows of fine distinct

punctures; but the internal striz become deep towards

the extremity, so that the punctures there disappear; the

external striz, on the other hand, are formed entirely by

rows of punctures, which are obsolete towards the base,

but distinct near the extremity ; the punctuation of the

interstices is obsolete. The legs are yellow. The under-

surface does not differ from the ordinary European species

of Cercyon.

Cercyon sorex, n. sp. Angustus, ovalis, castaneus,

capite obscuriore; prothorace subtiliter punctato, elytris

Coleopterous Fauna of Japan. 419

evidenter striatis, striis punctatis, interstitiis (vix punc-

tatis) postice convexis. Long. 1} mm.

About the size of C. pygmeum, but narrower and less

convex than that species, and remarkable from the very

distinct striz of the elytra. The legs, antennz and palpi

yellowish. ‘The head and thorax are finely and not densel

punctured ; the base of the latter is also furnished with a

row of closely-placed, fine but distinct punctures. On the

under-surface the centre of the metasternum is raised as a

large, flat, almost pentagonal surface, finely and sparingly

punctured and shining; the mesosternal plate is broad and

very strongly punctured. The anterior tibie are without

any notch on the outer edge.

Of this very distinct species I have seen only two indi-

viduals, one of which I have had the misfortune to lose at

the moment of completing my description. The structure

of its meso- and meta-sternal plates will perhaps cause the

species to be ultimately separated from Cercyon as a dis-

tinct genus.

Cyclonotum simplex, nu. sp. Rotundato-ovale, nigrum,

nitidum, crebre punctatum, antennarum basi, palpisque

testaceis ; tarsorum posticorum articulo primo, 2° duplo

longiore. Long. 5 mm.; lat. 35 mm.

This species very greatly resembles C. hispanicum,

Kiister, and is about the size of that species, but is nar-

rower in proportion to its length; it has the scutellum

much narrower than in C. hispanicum, the tibiz rather

more slender, and the basal joint of the four hinder tarsi

longer ; the punctuation of the elytra is scarcely so coarse

towards the extremity. In all other respects, so far as

I can see, it agrees with C. hispanicum.

I have this species from China as well as Japan.

Cyclonotum breve, n. sp. Subhemisphericum, nitidum,

nigrum, crebre punctatum, antennarum bast palpisque tes-

taceis, pedibus piceis. Long. 3g—4 mm. ; lat. 2} mm.

This species is closely allied to C. orbiculare, but is less

oblong and more hemispheric in form, and has the palpi

yellow ; the punctuation of the elytra is a little coarser ;

the hind tarsi are nearly similar in length in the two

species, but are just a trifle longer in C. breve. From

C. simplex the smaller size, more hemispheric form,

420 Mr. D. Sharp’s Additions to the

coarser punctuation and shorter hind tarsi readily dis-

tinguish it.

Cryptopleurum atomarium, Fab. var.? A single

specimen of a Cryptopleurum, sent to me by Mr. Lewis,

appears to differ from our European C. atomarium by the

finer sculpture and more distinct pubescence of its upper

surface. Whether it be a distinct species or not I cannot

yet decide. A specimen of C. atomarium from Amurland,

in my collection, does not appear to differ from our

Scotch specimens.

Megasternum gibbulum, Mots. A number of specimens

of a small Megasternum appear on their upper surface to

differ from M. boletophagum only by their more coarsely

and closely punctured head and thorax. Motschoulsky’s

short diagnosis of MZ. gibbulum from Japan indicates that

species as differmg from JZ. boletophagum only by its

broader form. Though the specimens before me do not

seem to me to be broader than ordinary specimens of

M. boletophagum, there can be little doubt, I should

think, that they must belong to the species intended by

Motschoulsky, as it is not at all probable that there

should exist in Japan two species so closely allied to

M. boletophagum. The species from Japan, though so

closely resembling the European M. boletophagum, is cer-

tainly distinct therefrom, for whereas in M. boletophagum

the first abdominal segment is closely and distinctly

punctured, and the others are shining and impunctate, in

the Japan species, on the other hand, all the segments are

very distinctly punctured. The prosternal plate also

differs much in the two species; in M. boletophagum its

centre is elevated, whereas it is not so in the species from

Japan.

TRYG&HUS, nov. gen. (Staphylinide.)

Corpus latum, transversim convexum.

Antenne apicem versus leviter incrassate.

Labrum corneum, transversum, medio emarginatum,

utrinque membrana prominente barbaté munitum.

Labium mento corneo, brevi, transverso, margine

anteriore medio recto, versus latera leviter oblique trun-

cato. Ligula medio incisa, brevi, transversa, dense bar-

bata. Palpi labiales breves, articulo 2° primo duplo

breviore, 3° primo quali.

Coleopterous Fauna of Japan. 42]

Mandibulz robuste, acutz, apice incurve.

Maxillee mala superiore dense barbata, interiore mem-

branacea, apice barbata. Palpi maxillares filiformes, sat

elongati, articulo 2° primo paulo breviore, 3° primo paulo

longiore.

Coxe antice elongate, transverse, sed vix promi-

nentes.

Stigmata prothoracica occulta, prothoracis parte cornea

posteriore ab anteriore bene separata; acetabulis inter-

mediis profundis.

Elytra elongata, metanoto multo longiora.

Abdomen conicum, segmentis tribus dorsalibus per-

spicuis.

Tibize longitudinaliter carinate, breviter spinulose.

Tarsi quinque-articulati.

This very remarkable insect should be placed in the

Piestini near Trigonurus. The anterior coxe are about

as prominent asin 7, Melly?, but the posterior side piece

of the thorax is well separated from the anterior portion,

leaving the cox visible in the intervening space; the

structure of the tibie distinguishes it unmistakeably from

Trigonurus.

The mentum appears to have the anterior portion

membranaceous and retractile; when it is extended the

anterior margin then appears prominent in the middle,

much asin Zrigonurus. The insertion of the antenne is

just asin Trigonurus.

Reiche in the *“* Annales de la Soc. Ent. France, 1865,”

p- 642, has established a distinct group for the genus

Trigonurus, affirming that it is distinguished from the

Piestides by its labrum not being furnished with lateral

appendages; but I find, on mounting the labrum of

T. Mellyi in Canada balsam, that these appendages are

very distinctly present, though unusually delicately

formed: and I see no sufficient reason why T'rigonurus,

as well as Trygeus, should not form part of the group

Piestides as at present understood; though it must be

admitted that the elongate elytra and pointed hind body

are exceptional characters for the group.

Trygeus princeps, n. spec. Convexus, nitidus, nigri-

cans, antennarum basi tarsisque obscure rufescentibus ;

prothorace grosse punctato 5 elytris profunde striato-punc-

tatis. Long. 7 mm.; lat. 3f mm.

422 Mr. D. Sharp’s Additions, §c.

Antenne distinctly thickened towards the extremity,

the five basal joints reddish and glabrous (the others

pubescent); first joint rather long and stout, 2nd joint

short, 3rd long and slender, twice as long as the 2nd,

joints 6—10 black, the first of them longer than broad,

the 2nd scarcely so long as broad; 11th joint short,

pointed, reddish. Palpi and horny parts of the mouth

reddish, the soft parts exserted and visibly densely pubes-

cent. Head distinctly but irregularly punctured, the

margin over the insertion of the antennee distinctly raised,

and on the inner side of this the surface is broadly de-

pressed. Thorax nearly twice as broad as it is long, the

sides rounded and narrowed towards the front; the base is

excavate on each side, so that the hinder angles are

almost acute, and besides this it is also a little emarginate

in front of the scutellum; it is densely covered with coarse

punctures, but at the base the punctures are almost want-

ing in the middle, and at the hind angles. Scutellum

large and very smooth and shining. LElytra nearly twice

as long as the thorax is in the middle, convex both trans-

versely and longitudinally, each has eight deep broad

striz, these being coarsely punctured, the interstices quite

impunctate, the extremity is rounded; the three exposed

segments of the hind body are of a pitchy colour, and dis-

tinctly punctured. The legs are pitchy, the tarsi reddish,

these about half as long as the tibiz. This species occurs

sparingly in damp places, in the wood around Maiyasan

Temple, Hiogo. In spring, beneath fallen and decaying

leaves, and later on, in the summer, it may be beaten off

the lower foliage of various shrubs.

DiS. OF SBF PCr.

DYTISCID &. HYDROPHILID &— continued.

Eunectes sticticus, Linn. Cercyon olibrus, n. sp.

Dytiscus marginalis, Linn. sorex, Nl. sp.

Cyclonotum simplex, n. sp.

¢ GYRINID&. breve, n. sp.

Gyrinus curtus, Mots. Cryptopleurum atomarium, Fab.

HYDROPHILID A, Megasternum gibbulum, Mots.

Cereyon quisquilius, Linn, STAPHYLINIDZ.

ustus, 1. Sp. Trygeus princeps, n. sp.

G23.)

XIX. Descriptions of some new species and a new genus

of Diurnal Lepidoptera, in the collection of

Herpert Deuce, Esq. By A. G. Burier,

HAS... F:Z.8., &e:

[Read Ist June, 1874.]

Fam. NYMPHALID.

Subfam. DANAIN”.

Genus Eupiaa, Fabricius.

Euplea magnifica, n. sp.

2? Wings above bright sepia brown; primaries shot

with vivid blue; subapical area densely irrorated with

lilacine; a conspicuous subcostal white spot; a second

within discoidal cell, and a third on second median inter-

space, forming together a triangle; a minute whitish

point on lower discoidal interspace, and another on first

median interspace; secondaries with a double series of

ill-defined, disco-submarginal, pale-ochraceous spots from

third median branch to anal angle: body black, white-

spotted in front: wings below rich chocolate-brown ;

primaries with three white spots as above, a fourth oval

spot on first median interspace; a small point between

lower discoidal and third median nervures, a subapical

point, one submarginal on second median interspace, five

nearly marginal points from third median branch to

external angle, and some anal-marginal dots on the fringe,

whitish ; secondaries with a spot near end of cell, and five

unequal spots in a semicircle round extremity of cell,

pearly-white; a double submarginal series of yellowish-

white spots; fringe dotted with whitish: body black ;

thorax white-spotted: expanse of wings 4 inches.

Hab.—Thibet. One specimen.

TRANS. ENT. sOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

424 Mr. A. G. Butler’s descriptions of some new species

Subfam. SATYRINZE.

Genus Euprycuta, Hiibner.

1. Kuptychia peculiaris, n. sp.

8 Wings above brown; a paler line close to margin ;

margin black-brown ; secondaries with a zigzag sub-

marginal line: body blackish: wings below paler; a

zigzag submarginal line; a line close to margin, and the

margin itself, black-brown; two irregular dark-brown

central lines; the disc greyish, with a central nebulous

pale-brown band; secondaries with two conspicuous, black,

obliquely placed, subapical ocelli, white-pupilled with

ochraceous irides; outer central line forming an angle at

third median branch ; body greyish: expanse of wings 2

inches, 1 line.

Hab.—Minas Geraes.

This species may at once be recognized by the two

isolated ocelli, near apex of secondaries on under surface.

2. Euptychia stelligera, n. sp.

8 Wings above dark brown; body blackish: wings

below dark brown, with two central, nearly parallel,

irregular, blackish lines; a zigzag submarginal black-

brown line, with paler external edge ; outer margin black ;

fringe greyish-brown ; a discal series of whitish-ochraceous

dots, those on secondaries larger than on primaries, one

near costa of secondaries largest; secondaries indistinctly

irrorated with pale-brown scales; an indistinct dark-brown

line close to margin: body dark brown: expanse 2 inches,

3 lines.

Hab.— Minas Geraes.

Closely allied to £. Quantius.

3. Euptychia Angelica, n. sp.

$ Wings above azure-blue, form of £. Junia; pri-

maries with “apex, apical costa, outer margin and apical

nervures blackish-grey ; a shining (rubbed in appearance)

brown streak from base to apex, running along the median

nervure and then widening; inner margin very convex ;

secondaries with costal area to discoidal nervure blackish,

with vivid, dark, metallic-green reflection ; apical margin

and a fine submarginal line blackish : body ereyish-brown,

centre of thorax blue: wings below azure-blue; markings

very similar to those of £. arist ; two central danke bron

and a new genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera. 425

bars ; a discal streak, a discal submarginal line, a waved

line close to margin, and the margin itself, dark brown:

primaries with central bands, discal streak, and sub-

marginal line only extending half across the wing ; a well-

marked subapical ocellus of the normal type; internal area

greyish; secondaries with two subapical and two subanal,

ee ocelli: body dirty whitish: expanse 1 inch, 11

ines.

fHab.— Rio.

Allied to L. Doris, but size and shape of E. Junia.

Subfam. ELyMNina.

Genus Dycrtis, Boisduval.

Dyctis astrifera, n. sp.

? Wings above rich pitchy-brown; external area

smoky-brown; primaries with a diffused, curved, discal,

castaneous streak, from costa to Inner margin; secondaries

with discal area ochraceous-brown ; a white spot on second

median interspace ; body blackish: wings below rich red-

brown; external area blackish; primaries with basi-costal

area blackish; external angle paler than the ground

colour; an oblique discal series of five conspicuous white

dots from below subcostal nervure to below second median

branch; secondaries with discal area paler; six con-

spicuous white discal spots, forming a semicircle from first

subcostal branch to interno-median interspace; external

area speckled with white dots and lituree ; body dark

brown; proboscis ochreous: expanse of wings 2 inches,

10 lines.

fab.—Batchian.

Not nearly allied to any known species: form of D.

Valeria.

Subfam. BRASSOLINZE.

Genus OpsIPHANES, Westwood.

Opsiphanes luteipennis, n. sp.

Allied to O. Batea, altogether paler on both surfaces ;

dark external area above only occupying one-third of the

wings, edged internally with fulvous, and fen), pve

‘o "ol hi s ondaries, but

a row of large submarginal white spots on sec ete

only three on primaries; wings below with the discoida

markings in primaries less irregular; brown discal band

narrower; ocellus smaller ; secondaries less hatched with

426 Mr. A. G. Butler’s descriptions of some new species

brown; whitish bands better defined; marginal brownish

border narrower: expanse 3 inches, 4 lines.

Hab. ?

Subfam. NyMPrHaLInz.

Genus PANorgEa, Hiibner.

Panopea Drucei,n. sp. (Pl. VI. fig. 3.)

Primaries above black; a subcostal spot at end of basal

third of cell, an oblique quadrifid band cut by the median

nervure and its two first branches, an oblique subapical

band, composed of a subcostal dot and three large spots,

a waved submarginal series of seven spots (smallest at the

centre of the series), and some geminate dots near centre

of outer margin, pearly-white; fringe white-spotted ;

secondaries whitish-buff, becoming white at basi-costal

area; base, costa, and a broad marginal border, black-

brown, changing to pale brown towards anal angle; ner-

vures and internervular folds black; a submarginal series

of six large white spots; a double, interrupted, marginal

rosy-white line; fringe white-varied: body black-brown,

head and prothorax black, white-spotted ; primaries below

with apical costal half olivaceous-brown; all the white

markings more conspicuous than above; a white costal

spot at base; secondaries with the dark-brown area re-

placed by pale olive-brown; two continuous marginal

white lines; base dark brown, white-spotted; thorax

black, white-spotted; abdomen brown, venter whitish:

expanse 3 inches, 3 lines.

Hab.— Madagascar.

A very handsome species.

Genus Hestrna, Westwood.

Festina mimetica, n. sp.

Allied to H. Nama; differs in its much smaller size ;

browner tint ; the divergence, towards costa of primaries,

of the double discal, from the double submarginal series of

spots; the broader division between the discal spots on

median interspaces ; the regularly-formed angulated sub-

marginal lunules on all the wings; the lilacine tint of

internal area of primaries; the uniform red-brown tint of

the ground colour on under surface; the black proboscis:

expanse 3 inches, 3 lines.

Hab.— Java.

and a new genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera. 427

Z An excellent mimic of Danais agleoides of Felder, from

ava.

Genus Neptis, Fabricius.

Neptis fervescens, n. sp.

Wings above black-brown ; primaries with a broad ex-

panding streak along median nervure from base to middle

of third median branch; two large subapical spots

(touching externally), a large spot near external angle,

and another on inner margin, fulvous; a bisinuate discal

line, a narrower submarginal line, greyish-brown ; secon-

daries with costa pale brown; a broad central transverse

fulvous band becoming white on internal area; a pale

brown diffused discal line just beyond, followed by a

slightly undulated, disco-submarginal, dark-fulvous line; a

submarginal pale-brown line: body black-brown: wings

below altogether paler; all the fulvous bands and spots

replaced by testaceous, varied with pearly whitish;

primaries with a testaceous, irregular, subcostal streak from

base to beyond middle of wing ; inner margin greyish;

submarginal lines rosy testaceous, distinct ; secondaries

with base and a sub-basal band testaceous; discal and

submarginal lines of upper surface well defined ; thorax

and palpi dirty white; abdomen pale brown: expanse

1 inch, 10 lines.

Hab.— Philippines.

Allied to N. heliodora.

Subfam. ACRAHINE.

Genus PLanema, Doubleday.

1. Planema arctifascia, n. sp.

3 Closely allied to P. protea, but differmg on ; series

1 7 - s be con-

of examples) in having the pale-testaceous bane 0 ee

daries of only half the usual width, and narrowing ae

E * =; e rhea a oO s

costal to abdominal margin; nervures and base also

darker: expanse 2 inches, 5 lines.

Hab.— Angola (J. J. Monteiro).

: ination of

g . ye 7 oi i ae n1 a

P. Monteironis, Butler, proves, from an exan ne

Mr. Druce’s specimens, to be a good and well-de ee

species; he has a series of both sexes received from Mr.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.) GG

428 Mr. A. G. Butler’s descriptions of some new species

Monteiro; the male is very similar to the female, but

smaller.

2. Planema pseudoprotea, n. sp.

é Primaries above dark brown; discoidal area and

base reddish; interno-discal area dull fulvous, cut by the

internal nervure and first median branch; a subapical

pale-testaceous band of the form of that in P. protea;

secondaries with base brown, spotted with dusky ; outer

margin broadly brown; nervures of external half blackish ;

central area testaceous internally, fulvous externally:

body, head and thorax black, spotted with white and

testaceous ; abdomen with basal segments blackish, edged

with testaceous and spotted with fulvous; anal segments

fulvous, with dorsal dusky patch; wings below with all

the dark-brown (excepting a band within the subapical

pale band of primaries), replaced by brownish-testaceous ;

nervures dusky; subapical band of primaries whitish;

base of secondaries spotted with black; thorax black,

white-spotted ; palpi and legs fulvous ; abdomen fulvous:

expanse 2 inches, 2 lines.

? Similar to the male, but larger, the base darker;

band pale reddish-tawny; interno-discal area bright

reddish-tawny; secondaries with central area rather

paler; wings below as in the ¢: expanse 2 inches, 6

lines.

Hab.— Angola (J. J. Monteiro).

3. Planema amphiprotea, n. sp.

@ Primaries above dark brown; interno-discal area

tawny, broader than in preceding species; a broad sub-

apical white band and a hastate white spot or dash on

first median interspace; secondaries tawny, base and

apical margin brown, diffused; base spotted with dusky ;

nervures of outer half blackish: body black; head and

thorax white-spotted; abdomen spotted with buff; seg-

ments edged with whitish scales: wings below paler than

above ; all the dark brown (excepting a band within the

subapical white band, and the discoidal cell, of primaries),

brownish-testaceous, nervures dusky ; base of secondaries

spotted with black ; basal three-fourths of palpi and front

pair of legs testaceous; thorax black, white-spotted ;_

abdomen fulvous: expanse 2 inches, 7 lines.

Hab.— Angola (J. J. Monteiro).

and a new genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera. 429

% Var. band of primaries broader; a tawny hastate

spot on first median interspace ; interno-discal area broader

and. darker ; secondaries with broad, brown outer marin

as in preceding species; central area pale internally its

outer three-fourths dark tawny; primaries below ai

discoidal cell dark brown: expanse 2 inches, 8 lines.

Hab.— Angola (J. J. Monteiro).

Fam. ERYCINIDZA.

Subfam. NEMEOBIINA.

Genus Mesosremra, Hiibner.

1. Mesosemia atroculis, n. sp.

2 Wings above with basal three-fifths greyish-brown ;

a curved, continuous, tolerably broad, white band, tapering

at anal angle of secondaries; external area black-brown ;

primaries ith an irregular, broad, central, dark-brown

band, edged externally with testaceous and blackish, and

containing two conspicuous ocelloid black spots, one at

end of cell, tripupillate, with narrow testaceous iris, the

other just below origin of first median nervule minutely

unipupillate, with pale-brown iris; secondaries with broad

irregular band as in primaries, containing one central,

small, unipupillate ocellus: body greyish-brown: wings

below irrorated with white; two large conspicuous ocelli

in central band of secondaries: body pale greyish-brown :

expanse 1 inch, 9 lines.

Hab.—Pebas (Hauxwell), Ecuador.

Allied to M. Sifia of Boisduval.

2. Mesosemia trilineata, n. sp.

@ Allied to M. Thymetina, white band of primaries

more oblique and widening from costa to internal margin,

edged externally towards external angle with lilacine grey;

secondaries with white band slightly broader, more arched,

and beyond it a distinct lilacine grey streak: expanse

1 inch, 9 lines.

Hab.— Amazons.

Allied to M. Thymetina and M. Meana.

G@2

430 Mr. A. G. Butler’s descriptions of some new species

3. Mesosemia latizonata, nD. sp.

é Allied to M. Machera, white transverse band of

primaries widening from costa to external angle, edged

internally with grey; ocellus tripupillated with silver ;

secondaries with very broad discal white band, tapering to

anal angle; outer brown margin narrow, irregular, not

reaching apex: expanse 1 inch, 6 lines.

Hab.—Sarayaco, Ecuador.

In some respects allied to MZ. Isshia.

4. Mesosemia judicialis, n. sp.

& ? Wings above with basal two-fifths brown ; discal area

crossed by a very broad snow-white band, tapering towards

costa of primaries and towards anal angle of secondaries,

but not touching either; widest opposite cell of secondaries;

external area dark brown; primaries with a large black

tripupillated ocellus on apical half of discoidal cell, iris

pale brown ; a black transverse line across middle and end

of cell, bounding ocellus; white band greyish internally ;

secondaries with white band intersected on its inner edge

by three undulated black lines: body brown: wings below

with basal area irrorated with whitish ; primaries with a

series of concentric dark-brown semicircles below ocellus ;

secondaries with nearly central greyish band, bounded on

each side by three irregular dark-brown lines, with paler

interspaces, and containing a central, blind, black, white-

zoned ocellus; white band containing two nearly central

brown spots, and interrupted on internal area by a small

brown dot and short streak: body brown: expanse 1 inch,

10 lines.

Hab.—Ucayali, Peruvian Amazons (Bartlett).

Allied to MZ. Thymetus.

5. Mesosemia Hesperina, nu. sp.

3 Allied to M. Veneris, but the black bands of primaries

much more angular, incurved towards costa; the band in

continuation of the ocellus obsolete; the bands on basal

half of secondaries obsolescent ; the discal black bar nar-

rower, nearer to margin; the submarginal band reduced to

a line and placed close to margin ; wings below pale grey-

brown, with dark smoky-brown transverse bands; the sub-

marginal line maculate ; primaries with a conspicuous uni-

and a new genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera. 431

pupillate ocellus at end of cell; secondaries with a small

blind ocellus, both with pale stramineous iris: expanse

1 inch, 5 lines.

Hab.—Chontales (Belt).

Subfam. EuRYGoNINE.

Genus Eurycona, Boisduval.

Eurygona fervida, n. sp.

Wings above dark smoky-brown ; primaries with a

broad oblique tawny patch, dusky at base from base and

basal half of inner margin to middle of third median

branch; secondaries with costa pale whitey-brown; interno-

basal two-thirds of wing reddish; the veins, and a cunei-

form patch from apex of third median to middle of second

median branch, tawny; thorax smoky-brown, abdomen

inclining to tawny; wings below shining whitey-brown,

crossed by four continuous distinct reddish-brown lines

or streaks; the second at end of basal third, recurving

as it reaches the first median branch of secondaries,

and thus running to inner margin; the third nebulous,

diffused towards the costal margins; the fourth becoming

maculate on secondaries, not continued beyond the third

median branch; outer margin reddish-brown, becoming

golden orange, and denticulate on anal margin of secon-

daries; secondaries with four black submarginal spots

along anal half of outer margin, edged externally with

white: body whitey-brown: expanse 1 inch, 7 lines.

Hab.—Maracaibo (Coll. Kaden).

Somewhat like E. Utica above, more like EZ. Mys below.

Subfam. ERYCININE.

Genus Panara, Westwood.

1. Panara aureizona, ui. sp.

@ Wings above jet black ; primaries crossed obliquely

from costa to external margin by a broad orange band,

widest upon costa, suddenly narrower from subcostal

nervure, not quite reaching external angle: body black-

brown; margins of venter orange: wings below as above:

expanse 1 inch, 7 lines.

Hab.—Minas Geraes.

Similar to, but much larger than, Mesene sagaris ?.

432 Mr. A. G. Butler’s descriptions of some new species

2. Panara arctifascia, n. sp.

2 Wings above jet black; primaries crossed_obliquely

from costa almost to outer margin near external angle by

a narrow, parallel, pale-orange band, slightly convex ex-

ternally; wings below as above: body black brown; mar-

gins of venter orange: expanse | inch, 7 lines.

Hab.—Espirito Santo.

Closely allied to P. phereclus, but the band of primaries

rather narrower, and the fringe not varied with white above

or below.

Genus Rusaux1A, Kirby.

Rusalkia Charon, n. sp.

Wings above jet black; nervures greyish; primaries

with an oblique orange streak tapering from close to costa

to internervular fold of first median interspace near ex-

ternal angle: body black: wings below slightly less black

than above, nervures distinctly grey ; secondaries with a

crimson subcostal spot close to base; a nebulous grey streak

clese to outer margin; thorax brown, venter black, with a

scarlet line on each side: expanse 1 inch, 9 lines.

Hab.—Rio.

Allied to R. Marathon, but at once distinguished from

it and &. Ctesiphon, by the shorter oblique band of pri-

maries, the smaller red spot near base of secondaries on

under surface, and the nebulous submarginal grey streak.

Fam. PAPILIONID Z&.

Subfam. PIERINZE.

Genus Ixras, Hiibner.

Ivias familiaris, n. sp.

? Nearly allied to L. evippe, primaries above without

the white patch on internal margin; oblique postmedian

band narrower, interrupted in the centre, enclosing a

nebulous black spot on second, as well as on first, median

interspace ; white basal area of secondaries restricted, the

base and internal area clouded with grey excepting on

basal half of abdominal fold: body greenish-grey: wings

below pale ochreous, sulphur yellow at base, hatched with

brown ; an angular series of five indistinct dusky lunules

and a new genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera. 433

beyond cell on disc; a large black spot at end of cell ; a

streak ending in a black spot on first median interspace,

and the interno-discal area smoky-brown; secondaries with

a black spot at end of cell; a dusky subcostal spot and

several others on disc beyond cell: body sulphur yellow:

expanse 2 inches, 11 lines,

Hab.—Thibet.

Genus BeLenots, Hiibner,

Belenois solilucis, n. sp.

é Above very like B. Ianthe, but the dark-brown

border more regular and of only about half the width,

below slightly paler yellow than above ; margin black

spotted on veins; costal edge of primaries black; base

broadly orange-tinted; secondaries with basi-costal area

orange: body pale yellow: expanse 2 inches, 8 lines.

Hab.— Angola.

At once distinguished from B. Ianthe by the simple

character of the under surface.

Subfam. PAPILIONINA.

Genus Papinio, Linneeus.

1. Papilio incandescens,n. sp. (Pl. VI. fig. 1.)

$ Wings above black; fringe white-spotted; primaries

with a postmedian oval green patch (cut by the first and

second median branches), upon which externally, at its

upper extremity, is an oblique pale yellow spot; secon-

daries crossed by an interrupted scarlet band, changing in

some lights to bright pearly lilacine, composed of a broad

quadrifid patch cut by the median nervules, and two

unequal circular spots, between nervures beyond; abdo-

minal margin clothed with long white hairs; body ae

black ; wings below altogether paler, especially merge

area of primaries; an irregular, partly ee pe

yellow, oblique band crossing the cell at ee t oe

median branch; secondaries with a curved ee Her 01

six rosy spots, smallest towards costa : body a 4 cows 3

thorax spotted with sre expanse 3 inches, 2 lines.

tTab.—Para (Beske). sabe 7

Allied to b Lycimenes ; primaries more like P.

Nephalion.

434 Mr. A. G. Butler's descriptions of some new species

2. Papilio Drucei,n. sp. (Pl. VI. fig. 2.)

8 Wings above black, paler towards apex of primaries;

fringe white-varied; primaries with a broad dull green

discal band from just beyond second median branch to

inner margin; secondaries with a large quadrifid sub-

triangular scarlet patch, cut by the median nervures, in

certain lights changing to brilliant pearly lilacine, and

surrounded by a vivid blue halo; abdominal fold bearing a

long streak of brown hairs: body black, collar spotted

with crimson at the sides: wings below paler than above ;

primaries greyish, excepting interno-basal area, which is

blue-black; band of upper surface wanting ; secondaries

rich brown; dise crossed by six rosy spots, the first a mere

dot, the second, third and fourth largest, paler internally,

the fifth semicircular, placed obliquely to the others, the

sixth small, at anal angle: body black; thorax spotted

with scarlet ; antepenultimate segment of abdomen with a

scarlet fringe: expanse 4 inches.

Hab.—Kcuador.

Most nearly allied to P. Vertumnus, noticeably different,

from the band of primaries being considerably nearer to

outer margin and much longer.

3. Papilio Metaphaon, n. sp.

Allied to P. Phaon ; primaries almost identical ; secon-

daries with a large greenish-grey patch from basal third of

cell to centre of disc, arched and dentate, sinuate ex-

ternally ; costa brown; a large suboval spot at apex, six

submarginal dots, and the fringes creamy whitish; inner

margin and base brown: body brown; head black, streaked

with grey ; pterygodes black, spotted with greenish-grey ;

wings below shining brown; primaries with four distinct

diffused whitish spots near outer margin from first median

interspace to external angle; secondaries with an oval

white spot at apex; six submarginal dots and the fringes

white, five increasing, irregular, lake-red spots or strioles

from second subcostal interspace to anal angle; two large

basal scarlet spots, one on the costal lobe, the other on

interno-median interspace: body brown; thorax and anal

segments spotted with scarlet: expanse 3 inches, 10 lines.

~ Hab.— Mexico ( Coll. Kaden).

Somewhat like P. Ulopos of Gray, but quite distinct.

and a new genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera. 435

4. Papilio polystictus, n. sp.

ic é, ¢ P. Protadamas, var. b, G. R. Gray.

Wings above dark brown, primaries slightly and

secondaries vividly shot with glittering sap-ereen 3 pri-

maries with a straight discal series of increasing cima

diffused, greenish-grey, lunate spots, larger and more dis-

tinct in the female; secondaries with “a slightly arched

discal series of nearly equal oval ereenish-grey spots

scarcely visible in the male, but weil defined in Ale fonmalet

a disco-submarginal series of greenish-grey angulated

strioles; frmges white: body above dark brown, dorsal

region of the abdomen in male pale yellow; collar spotted

with dirty ochraceous; primaries below with basal half

black-brown, apical half and outer margin pale brown ;

four conspicuous, submarginal, pale-yellowish spots near

external angle ; secondaries shining brown, darker on disc;

seven submarginal waved red streaks, surrounded with

blackish, and shot with lilacine: body dark brown; thorax

and anal segment spotted with golden yellow; venter

spotted with white: expanse ¢ 4 inches, 1 line; ¢ 4

inches.

Hab.—S. Brazil (Coll. Druce); Rio Grande and Es-

pirito Santo. B. M.

This species is clearly distinct from P. Protodamas.

Fam. HESPERID JE.

Genus Carystus, Hiibner.

Carystus placens, Nn. sp.

3 Primaries above blackish-brown, the base streaked

with tawny; seven hyaline spots placed exactly as in

C. Antoninus ; secondaries tawny, the costa and outer

margin dark brown; thorax densely covered with greenish-

erey scales, abdomen tawny: wings below rich dark

brown, the basal half of costal area of primaries and the

basal two-fifths of secondaries cream-coloured ; primaries

with a large grey bifid spot and a minute costal striole at

apex ; hyaline spots as above; secondaries with interno-

median area yellow, gradually deepening in colour from

base to anal angle, where it becomes red-brown 3; palpi and

thorax cream colour, venter tawny: expanse 2 inches,

2 lines.

Hab.— Bogota.

Allied to C. Antoninus and C. phenice.

436 Mr. A. G. Butler’s descriptions, &c.

ANCISTROIDES, n. gen.

Allied to Astictopterus, but differing in the much longer

and more slender antenne ; also allied to Carystus (Sect.

Hesperia of Swainson), but differmg in the form of the

wings and the absence of any trace of discocellular veinlets

in secondaries. ‘Type A. longicornis.

Ancistroides longicornis, n. sp.

Wings above rich brown; secondaries with a large

quadrate ochreous patch at anal angle, and occupying

more than a third of the wing: body dark brown: wings

below paler than above; the patch in secondaries pale

buff, extended laterally, and sinuated internally; thorax

dark brown, palpi and collar varied with creamy and

ochraceous scales ; venter of abdomen pale buff: expanse

2 inches 4 lines.

Hab.—Timor (Wallace).

At first sight this species reminds one of TYagiades

Pralaya of Moore.

Genus ANTIGONUS, Hiibner.

Antigonus decens, n. sp.

Wings above pale dove-colour, primaries and base of

secondaries with a cinereous tint; primaries with costa

and apical area brown; a large irregular dark-brown spot

(enclosing externally a small hyaline white spot), crossing

centre of discoidal cell; an angulated black discal line from

costa to internal nervure near external angle ; a subcostal

hyaline white spot near apex; an indication of a sub-

marginal series of dark brown spots; secondaries crossed

near base by an oblique dusky line; a short subcostal line

uniting costal and subcostal nervures, and a straight

transverse discal line uniting subcostal and internal ner-

vures, black; an indication. of a submarginal series of

cinereous spots: body above brown, abdomen greyish :

wings below much paler than above, second snine whitish ;

markings nearly as above, but less strongly defined : body

white: expanse 1 inch, 7 lines.

Hab.— Peruvian Amazons (Bartlett).

Not allied to any known species.

(esa)

XX. Descriptions of new species of Endomycici.

By Rey. H. S. Gornam.

[Read 6th July, 1874.]

Tue descriptions which I have the honour of laying before

the Society to-night of Endomycid Coleoptera are supple-

mentary to my Catalogue—* ENpoMmyYCcICI RECITATI.”

For though some of them were known to me at the time

of its publication, I had not then sufficient information to

warrant my describing them. I have been able to add a

few new species which have come into my possession from

the sources referred to in the descriptions, bringing the

number now to be added to fifteen, some being fine species

abundantly distinct from any known, while five pertain to

the difficult genus Stenotarsus, which will soon increase in

bulk as tropical collections are searched for species. Of

this genus, the species from the three tropical continents,—

South America, Africa, Asia—have each a distinctive

type; but constant generic characters are wanting by

which the genus could as yet be subdivided. On the

whole, the African species are the best defined, while the

South American are the most uniform. The Asiatic

species are generally to be recognized by the punctured

strie of the elytra and frequently variegated colour, while

the only one I have seen from the far East, Japan, is rather

of the American type.

Group ENDOMYCICI.

Fam. EUMORPHID &.

Genus Eumorpuus, Weber.

Eumorphus Murray?, 0. sp.

Oblongo-ovatus, niger, nitidus, fere glabratus ; elytris

subviolaceis, convexis, maculis duabus transversis testacels;

femoribus clavatis, apice dilute castaneis. Long. lin.

ae 2

2? F . . . ai . *

Mas tibiis anticis medio dente magno distante, tibiis

TRANS, ENT, SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC-)

438 Rev. H. 8. Gorham’s descriptions of

omnibus apicem versus interne aureo-pilosis, prothoracis

angulis posterioribus acute productis atque deflexis.

Though at first sight resembling E. pulchripes, Gerst.,

this species cannot be confounded with it if the male

characters are noticed, as the first pair of tibiz only are

toothed; thus it should come in See. C. b. of Gerstaecker’s

arrangement.

The hinder angles of the thorax in the male are more

acute and further produced. The elytra are very convex,

the spots narrower, the hind one especially, more trans-

verse; the colour of the legs is different, not being cural-

line as in pulchripes, but castaneous, and the femora are

considerably more clavate than usual in this genus, less of

their length, also, being yellow than in pulchripes. The

hind tibiz of the male are tricuspid, while those of the

female are simple. Underneath the last segment of the

abdomen in the male is excavated, but not so angularly as

in E. pulchripes.

Hab.—Philippine Isles. In my own collection from that

of Mr. A. Murray; and in the Oxford Museum.

Eumorphus sanguinipes, Hope (ined.?) sp. indescript.

Oblongo-ovatus, niger, nitidus; elytris maculis duabus

transversis flavis, femoribus apice corallinis. Long.

TTI ge iO

Mas, tibiis anticis medio fortiter dentatis, dente ali-

quantum distante, infra dentem excisis, tibiis intermediis

inermis paululum incurvatis; abdominis segmento ultimo

exciso.

Still more nearly resembling pwulchripes, Gerst., than

Murrayt does, but, like it, at once distinguished by the

male characters, which place it in Section C (b), in which

the front tibiz alone are toothed.

The tooth in this species, while it is stronger than in

pulchripes and stands out more from the tibia, is yet much

smaller than in Murrayi. It is as in that species in the

middle of the tibia, but the latter is not flattened and

sinuous externally as in Murray?, but simple.

The femora are formed and coloured more as in pul-

chripes, but the black extends further from their base.

The middle tibiz are slightly sinuous and bent inwards

at the extremity, but not suddenly crooked as in pul-

chripes.

new species of Endomycici. 439

The last segment of the abdomen is an gularly cut out

which (as well as the differently coloured and much less

clavate femora) will prevent its being confounded with

Murrayt. In neither of these two species is there any

hairyness on the underside of the two last segments.

Hab.—Java? A single male in my possession from

the collection of M. Le Marquis La’ Ferté Sénectére

labelled sanguinipes, Hope.

Genus PEepAnus, Gerstaecker,

Pedanus levis, n. sp.

Nigro-piceus, subnitidus, fere levis, thorace transversim

quadrato lateribus sinuatis; elytris maculis duabus flavis

anteriore nec basin nec marginem attingente. Long.

lin. 4, ¢.

Mas, tibiis anticis supra medium dente tenui; intermediis,

dente minuto juxta apicem armatis, his apice leviter in-

curvato.

Rather shining, dark pitchy and without any visible

punctures. Head with two shallow impressions between

the antenne, the latter rather long, the third joint longer

than the two first taken together; fourth to eighth equal

in length, longer than broad; club rather broad, com-

pressed and closely articulated. Thorax with the sides

rounded from the apex to near the base, where they are

constricted immediately before the hind angles, which are

shghtly turned out and acute. Disc rather convex and

almost smooth, with two small punctiform impressions

near the middle; the base finely channelled ; basal sulci

fine, commencing in small fover. Elytra having the

humeral callus well pronounced; the pale-yellow spots

smaller than in Gerstaecker?, the anterior one equally dis-

tant from the base and the suture and not passing the re-

flexed margin outwards; both spots are a little transverse,

apex of the elytra rounded, underside glabrous.

From Mr. Waterhouse’s collection. A single specimen,

without locality.

Apparently nearest to P. guadrilunatus, Gerst. ; the im-

punctate surface of the elytra, which are also pitchy with

no trace of a blue tint, as well as the tooth on the front

tibiz, will prevent its being confounded with that species.

Nore.—Eumorphus Gerstaeckeri, Gorham, assigned

440 Rev. H. 8. Gorham’s descriptions of

with doubt to Pedanus (Endom. Ree. p. 37), undoubtedly

belongs to that genus.

Genus Encymon, Gerstaecker.

Encymon regalis, n. sp.

Niger, nitidus, thorace transverso lateribus sinuatis;

elytris nigro-subcyaneis, vel subviolaceis, maculis duabus

rufis; femoribus intermediis et posticis testaceo-annu-

latis. Long. lin. circa 43, &.

Head and thorax black, the latter transverse, a little

contracted in front and near the base, anterior angles

moderately prominent, hind angles acute; sides and base

finely margined, basal sulci short, not well defined. Elytra

ample, convex finely but visibly punctured, black or

bluish-black, with a violet reflection, and with two red

round spots, the anterior largest equally distant from

suture and margin and near the humeral callus; the pos-

terior not so well defined, nearer to the suture than the

margin. Antenne and legs black, the middle and hind

femora testaceous in their thickest part.

Hab.—Philippine Islands. One specimen (2?) from

Waterhouse collection and two (¢?) in British Museum

collection.

This species is allied to E£. bipustulatus, Gorham

[ Endomycici Recitati, p. 38], but is rather larger, and, in

addition to other differences, the thorax and front legs are

entirely black. I believe it was collected by Mr. Cuming.

Fam. CORYNOMALID.

Genus CorynomMALus, Erichs.

Corynomalus colon, nu. sp.

Ferrugineus, antennis thorace duplo longioribus, clava

et articulis duobus precedentibus nigris, elytris nitidis,

disperse fortiter punctatis, nigro-cceruleis margine toto

suturaque ferrugineis, thorace binotato. Long. lin. 4, $9.

Mas, tibiis intermediis apice incurvis, abdominis seg-

mento ultimo infra bituberculato.

Var. a.—Elytris fascia dorsali abbreviata ferruginea.

Thorax with the sides almost straight, a little contracted

at the apical angles, which are of the usual form; hind

angles right, disc uneven with two black spots. Elytra

new species of Endomycici, 441

cordate, longer and more pointed behind than in discot-

deus, with large scattered punctures, the interstices with

smaller ones, and the reflexed margin with a row of larger

ones; their colour is almost black, with the entire Tae

and suture narrowly testaceous. Antenne unusually long

jomts 4—8 being nearly equal to each other; 6 joints are

red, the 7th, 8th and club black. Lees and body beneath

pale ferruginous. fs

Hab.—Cayenne. Two specimens, ¢ and &, in my own

collection.

Allied to discoideus. The 2 is the var. a, the ¢ shows

no trace of a fascia.

Corynomalus coriaceus, n. sp.

Ferrugineus, elytris semiopacis subtiliter coriaceis, chaly-

rae

beis, antennarum clava nigra. Long. lin. 4—43, ¢.

Head finely but not very closely punctured; thorax

transverse, twice as broad as long, anterior angles acute,

but their apex rounded, sides sinuate, hind angles right,

a little deflexed; surface uneven, the longitudinal sulci,

though linear, yet lying in two rather wide impressions,

its sides and base margined by a very fine line. Elytra

ample, subcordate, very convex, and longitudinally gib-

bous; steel blue, not shining, the margin very narrowly,

and apex ferruginous; there is a tendency to the same

colour near the scutellum and suture, and this is more

distinct in two examples I have than in the third; punc-

turing distinct, but the punctures irregular in outline and

very lightly impressed, and at unequal distances from each

other, giving a coriaceous appearance to the elytra. An-

5 . ve .

tennz of moderate length, entirely pale ferruginous with

the exception of the club, which is black ; the latter short

and with its joints closely articulated. Legs and body

clear rusty-red.

Hab.—New Fribourg, French Guiana.

This species should follow C. guadrimaculatus, Erichs.

Three examples in my own collection from Deyrolle’s.

Fam. LYCOPERDINID.

Genus Mycetina, Mulsant.

Mycetina candens, n. sp.

Oblongus, rufo-ferrugineus, pube _ brevi aureo-flava

vestitus ; elytris thorace amplioribus, crebre subtiliter

442 Rey. H. S. Gorham’s descriptions of

punctatis; antennis piceis, articulis tribus primis, ultimoque

rufis. . Long. lin. 24.

Thorax gna oF ice as wide as long, anterior margin

excavated but not deeply; sides rounded and contracted in

the apical third, parallel below this point, front angles

acute and depressed, hind angles night; longitudinal

sulci arcuate and moderately impressed ; hind margin

depressed and finely margined. Elytra ample, and rather

convex, clothed with a fine golden-yellow pubescence, in-

terspersed here and there with rather more rigid sete ;

their sides scarcely margined, rather narrowed to the base,

and evenly rounded at the apex. Very finely and closely,

but evidently and evenly punctured. Antenne stout,

longer than the head and thorax taken together, basal

joint stout; 2nd short, half the length of the 3rd, which is

longer than the 4th; 4th to 8th of nearly equal length, a

little longer than w vide; 9th gradually widened from the

base to the apex, where the width equals the length; 10th

transverse, apical transverse, trapezoid—this with the first

three red, the rest pitchy black, the 4th and 5th only being

rather lighter. Legs red, hind tibiz a little bent.

Hab.—Ceylon. From Myr. Andrew Murray’s col-

lection.

Obs.—I have not seen Mycetina castanea, Gerst., to

which this insect seems allied. Unlike as it is in general

appearance to the typical species of the genus, I cannot

find any character by which it could be satisfactorily sepa-

rated from it.

Mycetina africana, n. sp.

Oblonga, subparallela, picea, nitida; elytris leviter

parcius punctatis, callo humerali pedibusque dilutioribus ;

antennis nigro-piceis basi et apice summo piceis. Long.

lin. 13.

About the size of, and rather nearly allied to, MZ. anco-

riger, longer and entirely pitchy, with the exception of the

antenne, which are nearly black; the two basal joints and

apex light pitchy, 2nd jomt very short, 3rd to end gradu-

ally thickened, 9th and 10th transverse ; apical joint trape-

zoidal, its base dark, the remainder light pitchy. Head

shghtly pubescent. Thorax fully twice as wide as long,

the disc convex, basal sulci deep triangular impressions ;

hind margin depressed, sides almost parallel in their basal

half, hind angles nearly right. LElytra very little wider

than the thorax, their surface more convex than in

new species of Endomycici, 443

M. ancoriger ; humeral callus prominent and glabrous, the

rest of the disc uniformly, and distinctly, but not deeply

punctured.

ffab.—Cameroon Mountains.

This is the first species of Mycetina I have seen from

Africa, and it fully agrees with’ the Eastern members of

the genus. At present I can discover no characters to

separate the tropical species generically from those of the

northern temperate zone.

Genus Eporrrrus, Erichson.

Epopterus Clara, n. sp.

Ovalis, testaceus, fere impubis, parcius leviter punctatus,

nitidus ; antennis articulis quatuor ultimis, elytris maculis

Septem, duabus basalibus, tribus discoidalibus, duabus

ante apicem nigris. Long. lin. 13.

Thorax widest at the base, considerably narrowed in

front, sides sinuate, and finely margined ; anterior angles

rather blunt, hind angles acute; its disc evenly, not

closely punctured, more strongly so at the hind angles;

elytra widest at about one-third their length from the

base, sides evenly rounded from base to apex, finely

margined, the margin vanishing before the apex; disc

finely, sides more coarsely punctured; humeral callus

not large but distinct; each with seven irregularly-

shaped black spots, arranged—two basal (of which the

external one is just below, partly on the callus), two

medial, confluent near the margin, one irregular and not

very distinct near the suture, two a quarter the length of

the elytra from the apex; of these the inner one is the

larger, linear, and obliquely placed. Antenne pale yel-

low, with the club and one joint preceding black; legs

pale. ;

The smallest Epopterus I have yet seen, being rather

smaller than F. histrio and of nearly similar form. _ It is

easily recognized by having none of the usual varied brown

pattern, only black spots; and four joints of the antennz

black.

Hab.— Amazons.

Epopterus dives, n. sp.

is, pl iti Cl ‘titer punctatus ;

Brevis, piceus, nitidus, parcius sat ee ce e :

elytris piceo-brunneis macula basali triramosa, tlasciaqu

(DEC. )

TRANS. ENT. soc. 1874.—PART IV.

444 Rev. H. S. Gorham’s descriptions of

apicali interrupté irregulari flavis, nigro-marginatis ; anten-

narum articulis quatuor ultimis nigris. Long. lin. 2.

Very near to EL. quesitus, Gorh. [Endom. Recit. p. 51],

but presenting the following points of difference :—The

antenne are darker and have four joints at the apex

entirely black, their club is longer and not so abrupt;

the thorax is narrower in front, the hinder angles more

acute, its sides are therefore not parallel near the base, the

basal sulci also converging, the sides are also somewhat

thickened and elevated. ‘The pattern of the yellow mark-

ings is also different, especially of the sub-apical fascia,

which in this species is in the form of an irregular lunule,

the convex side towards the base.

Hab.—Also from the Amazon district.

Genus STenotTarsus, Perty.

[ Section B. a. ]

Stenotarsus leoninus, n. sp.

Oblongo-ovatus, castaneus, obsolete striato-punctatus,

pube brevi dense vestitus ; antennis ferrugineis, articulis

tribus ante-penultimis obscurioribus, thorace antrorsum

angustato. Long. lin. 3.

Of the size, and very nearly allied to S. ursinus, Gerst.

Head and thorax scarcely perceptibly punctured, the

latter narrowed from the base to the middle, from which

the sides are rounded in to the anterior angles; lateral

margin only slightly narrowed at the base. Elytra very

obsoletely punctured, the strize being only visible near the

humeral callus, densely but very finely clothed with

‘golden pubescence. Antenne with the joints proportioned

as in ursinus, but with the 7th, 8th and 9th darker; with

this exception, the whole insect is nearly concolorous,

which, with the differently-shaped thorax, finer punctua-

tion and strizw and closer pubescence, easily distinguish it

from ursinus, its only near ally.

Hab.—Philippine Islands. From the collection of

G. R. Waterhouse, Esq.

Stenotarsus Philippinarum, n. sp.

Breviter ovatus, late ferrugineus, flavo-pubescens, tho-

racis margine laterali deplanato et elevato, retrorsum

attenuato; elytris striis octo punctatis abbreviatis, in-

ternis minus distinctis; antennarum clavé nigra, apice

new species of Endomycici, 445

piceo, articulis precedentibus longitudine wquali. Lone.

lin, 23. ‘

About the size of §. castaneus, Gerst., but of a lighter

colour, and with the strie of the elytra not produced into

the apical third. Thorax evenly contracted to the front,

its sides a little rounded, lateral margin raised and flat-

tened, narrowed to hind angles, which are acute. Elytra

with eight punctured stris visible very little behind the

middle, the interstices not punctured, clothed thickly with

a short, yellowish, upright pubescence; humeral callus

moderately prominent. Antenne with the club equal in

length to the preceding eight joints, basal joint equal to

two following; 2—8 not longer than wide, bead-shaped

—these of the same colour as the body ; 9 and 10 each

about equal in length to three of the preceding, black ;

11 ovate, black with pitchy-red apex.

ffab.—Philippine Islands. Two specimens from the

collection of G. R. Waterhouse, Esq.

Stenotarsus tabidus, n. sp.

Breviter ovatus, pallide ferrugineus, pube flavo densius

vestitus, thoracis margine laterali deplanato, eequali, latiore,

elytris striis septem abbreviatis, obsolete punctatis; antennis

articulis quinque penultimis infuscatis. Long. lin, 23.

Head and thorax very finely, scarcely visibly punctured,

the latter with the lateral margins wide and not raised

above the adjoining part of the disc, not narrowed behind;

basal sulci tolerably deeply impressed. - Sides considerably

less rounded than in the preceding species, but contracted

towards the front. Elytra with seven or eight punctured

strie very obsoletely impressed, especially the internal

ones, and vanishing in the apical third. Densely and

evenly covered with a velvety, yellow pile. ;

Antennx with the 2nd to 8th joints longer than wide ;

two first joints of club as wide as long, terminal joint

acuminate, twice as long as wide, and red, the five preced-

ing being fuscous. Pek petri

This species, though allied to S. Philippinarum, 1s rather

larger, has the antennx differently coloured, and with a

much less heavy club; the sides of the thorax not hate ;

the elytra less distinctly striated, and more densely

bescent. ren

Beas Sp hilinpine Islands. Collection of G. R. Water-

house, Esq.

Hn 2

446 Rey. H. 8. Gorham’s descriptions, &c.

Stenotarsus Indianus, n. sp.

Oblongus, sub-parallelus, rufo-testaceus, crebre fortius

punctatus, elytris disco rufo-piceo, punctorum seriebus sex

irregularibus impressis; thorace elytrorum _latitudine,

eequali. Long. lin. 13.

Thorax transverse, the width more than twice the

length, disc even, thickly and rather strongly punctured,

basal sulci represented by two foveze not extending beyond

the middle, but outwards to the lateral margin, which is

therefore a little raised at the base; lateral margin flat,

nearly of even width, anterior angles produced in front of

the eyes. Elytra thickly and strongly punctured, the

punctures coalescing and becoming digested into rows to

represent the striz usual in this section; these, however,

are very indistinct, except near the humeral callus; their

general colour is rufo-piceous, the suture and external

margin being testaceous. Antennz fuscous, the two

basal joints red, club laxly articulated.

The peculiar parallel form, transverse short thorax,

and punctuation of this species, easily separate it from any

known to me.

Hab.—Northern India.

[Section B. b.]

Stenotarsus russatus, n. sp.

Sub-orbicularis, convexus, brunneus, tenuiter pubescens,

antennis crassis, articulis sex vel septem ultimis piceo-

nigris; thorace transverso, sparsim fortiter punctato,

margine laterali deplanato et elevato, antrorsum latissimo ;

elytris fortiter striato-punctatis, interstitiis punctis mino-

ribus, striis omnibus distinctis; pedibus dilute brunncis.

Long. lin. 13.

Evidently nearly allied to S. vallatus, Gerst., but in

addition to the differently coloured antennz, it presents

the following points of discordance with that species,

judging by the description. The raised lateral margin of

the thorax has its surface flattened rather than convex, the

disc is distinctly, but sparingly, punctured, there being

room between the separate punctures for others of the

same size; the striz, or rather series of large punctures

on the elytra, are all distinct.

' Hab.—Ceylon ; from the collection of Andrew Murray,

sq.

Carty

XXI. Observations on the genus Helota, I Leay, with

description of a new species Jrom Japan. By

Rev. H. S. Goruam.

[Read 6th July, 1874.]

THe genus Helota was established by M‘Leay, in the

** Annulosa Javanica,” for an insect from J ava, Helota

Vigorstt, which he described then as ‘one of the most

curious and novel forms of the whole collection.” Since

then Westwood has made known a second species, H.

Mellyi, from India, in “ The Oriental Cabinet,” and Hope a

third, H. Guerinii, in “The Coleopterist’s Manual.” The

genus Is In every way a most remarkable one, and stands

alone as a most aberrant, or rather as a highly developed,

and so isolated form in the group to which M‘Leay, as

I believe, has rightly assigned it, viz., the Necrophaga.

That Mr. Lewis should have found a fourth species in

Japan, which by its habits, feeding at the sap exuding

from the bores of the Cossus larva, as well as by its curious

sexual characters, confirms its location there near to Jps,

will be admitted as one of the most interesting of his

discoveries in the far East, and not less the fact of this

tropical genus extending so far north, though this is a

point with which his collections there have familiarized us.

M‘Leay has, I think, laid too much stress on a supposed

affinity to the Erotyliens, and especially to Languria,

based it would seem on nothing more than the elongate

form, clavate antenne, and metallic hue; the tarsal

structure is essentially distinct.

It is true, indeed, that in this latter respect Helota

diverges widely from Jps, for while in that it is the fourth

joint that is minute, here the first is very small and con-

cealed by the socket of the tibie at their insertion. If,

however, we regard the general habit of the species,

together with the curious elongation of the elytra im the

female, there can be little doubt of its true location, for

the same disparity is found in Jps, where it 1s the eae

that has the longer, and sometimes acuminate, elytra. se

while thinking that Ips is the nearest ally Helota has,

TRANS. ENT. soc. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

448 Rev. H. S. Gorham’s observations

cannot help (in accordance with my view on the families

of the Enpomycic!) expressing an opinion that before

long it will be found conducive to uniformity of system,

to consider such sections as the pine worthy of the title

of families, and that the high development of such a genus

as Helota, as well as its tarsal peculiarities, would justify

its separation into a family by itself.

Group NECROPHAGA.

Fam. NITIDULID.& (Ipine).

Genus Hetota, M‘Leay.

Helota gemmata, n. sp.

Oblongus, subparallelus, eeneo-piceus, nitidus, crebre

fortiter punctatus; elytris striato-punctatis, imterstitiis

elevatis, extus irregularibus; interstitio quarto maculis

duabus parvis lucidis, luteis. Long. lin. 53—7, ¢ ¢.

Mas, tibiis anticis leviter incurvatis et interne carinatis ;

elytris apice obtuse rotundatis; abdomine segmentis sex

apertis, segmento quinto medio depressione lato, hoc

dense cupreo-piloso, sezmento sexto precedente plus duplo

angustiore, margine laterali incrassato atque elevato, apice

triangulariter exciso.

Femina, elytris apice acuminato, abdomine segmentis

quinque apertis, quinto medio apicem versus nonnihil

depresso, glabro.

Head produced in front, almost rostrate; eyes oblong,

depressed, slightly elevated in the middle, upper surface

closely and deeply punctured, the punctures near the eyes

and in front finer and confluent, in the raised middle

portion distinct. Thorax widest at base, the sides hardly

rounded at all, gradually narrowed in front, crenulate ;

disc coarsely punctured, punctures confluent, several

raised impunctate portions varying in individuals in size

and number, but of which a central basal one divided in

front, and two elongate ones on each side, are the most

constant ; hinder angles acute and produced, as is also the

base in the middle; anterior margin sinuate, angles

rounded and not much produced. Elytra each with nine

or ten striz, coarsely and irregularly punctured, often

coalescing and leaving the interstices as detached raised

portions, the two yellow spots on each have apparently

on the genus Helota. 449

been developed from two such portions of the fourth inter-

stice. In some specimens the striz are more regular than

in others, and in these the spot presents a form ‘which has

so often puzzled me to divine the cause in Coleoptera of a

detached, polished, raised callus, and of which I believe

the above is the explanation, the rows of punctures having

In some instances become fixed after the formation of the

tubercle. The colour of the upper surface is bronze, of

the underside pitchy, brassy on the sides of the thorax,

the abdomen rufous; legs and antenne pitchy red, knees

and club of the latter darker.

Mr. Lewis says, “ this species is abundant in the South

East of Nipon, from Hiogo through Kawatchi to Yoko-

hama. I could not find it in Kiushiu, nor has it been

received from Yesso. A few examples have been received

from Shanghai, so that it may have a fairly wide range

westward. It occurs with the Cossus in company with

Ins Chinensis in elm and Spanish chestnut, is active

during June and July in the heat of the day, and when

disturbed will run and then fall, but rarely takes wing.

It is confined to the plains, not appearing at low or inter-

mediate altitudes.”

ay. ps “ fae Ne

He ape ee ie. co 3

us a, Me ati 4s poet jaa ;

gt alee Son 3

: he belo

ty p= 8

XXII. A Revision of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes,

Parnopes, Anthracias, Pyria and Stilbum, with

descriptions of new species of those genera, and

also of new species of the genus Chrysis from

North China and Australia. By FRepEricK

SMITH.

[Read 6th July, 1874.]

Fam. CLEPTID, Dahlb.

Genus Crepres, Latr.

1. Cleptes semiaurata, Latr.

Sphex semiaurata, Linn. Faun. Suec. No. 1661; Syst.

Nat. 1. p. 946.

Chrysis semiaurata, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 359.

Ichneumon semiauratus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. . p. 210.

Panz. Faun. Germ. 51, 2.

Cleptes semiaurata, Latr. Hist. Nat. Ins. xii. p. 236

(1804); Fabr. Syst. Piez. p.

154; St. Farg. Ann. du Musée,

vii. p. 119; Shuck. Mon. Chrys.

Ent. Mag. iv. p. 159; Dahlb.

Hym. Eur. i. p. 15; Smith,

Mon. Chrys. Ent. Ann. (1862),

p- 82; Chevr. Chrys. du Bassin

du Léman, p. 117.

Fab.— Europe.

2. Cleptes nitidula.

Ichneumon nitidulus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. i. p. 184.

Cleptes nitidula, Latr. Hist. Nat. xii. p. 236; St. Farg.

Ann. du Musée, vi. p. 119; Fabr.

Syst. Piez. p. 154; Panz. Faun.

Germ. 106, 11; Shuck. Mon. Chrys.

Ent. Mag. iv. p. 159; Dahlb. Hym.

Eur. ii. p. 12; Smith, Mon. Chrys.

Ent. Ann. (1862), p. 843 Chevr.

Chrys. du Bassin du Léman, p. 121.

Hab.—Kurope.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. | (DEC)

452 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

3. Cleptes fasciata.

Cleptes fasciata, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. ii. p. 12.

Hab.—Braazil.

4. Cleptes ignita.

Ichneumon ignitus, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 11. p. 184.

Cleptes ignita, Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 155; Dahlb. Hym.

Kur. 11. p. 18.

Hab.—PBarbary; Italy; Austria.

5. Cleptes aurata.

Cleptes aurata, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. ii. p. 20.

Hab.— Turkey.

6. Cleptes orientalis.

Cleptes orientalis, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i. p. 20.

fHab.— Turkey.

7. Cleptes Aurora.*

Female.—Length 4 lines. Variegated with blue, purple

and green; the scutellum of a reddish-orange; the meta-

thoracic spines, the base of the abdomen, and the basal

joint of the intermediate and posterior tarsi, white; the

anterior wings hyaline, brown at their base, and with a

broad fascia of the same colour beyond the base of the

stigma. Head and thorax very closely and strongly punc-

tured; the scutellum smooth, shining and very convex;

the post-scutellum produced into a prominent, obtuse,

conical tubercle; the abdomen smooth and shining; the

cox, trochanters, and base of the femora beneath,

whitish. The vertex and mesothorax purple; the meta-

thorax greenish, and the abdomen with purple tints in

certain lights.

Hab.—Ega (Brazil).

Fam. PARNOPID, Dahlb.

Genus PARNOPES, Fabr.

1. Parnopes carnea.

Chrysis carnea, Fabr. Syst. Entom. p. 357 (1775) ;

Ent. Syst. i. p. 240; Rossi, Faun.

Ktrus. 1. p. 75, tab. vii. fig. 5 (1790).

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, §e. 453

Parnopes carnea, Latr. Gen. Crust. et Ins. iv. p. 47;

Fabr. Syst. Piez. p. 177; Dahlb.

Dispos. p. 17; Hym. Europ. ii.

p- 385; Lucas, Explo. Se. de

L’Algér. iii. p. 16; Chev. Chrysid.

du Bassin du Léman, p. 127.

Hab.—Kurope, Algeria.

2. Parnopes elegans.

Parnopes elegans, Klug, Symb. Phys. Dee. v. tab. 45,

fig. 1, ¢; Dahlb. Hym. Europ. ii.

p. 382.

[Tab.—Ambukohl, Lower Nubia.

3. Parnopes denticulata.

Parnopes denticulata, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. France,

vil. p. 455, 6; Dahlb. Hym.

Europ. ii. p. 382.

Hab.—Egypt.

4, Parnopes Fischeri.

Parnopes Fischeri, Spin. Ai. Soc. Ent. France, vii.

p- 455, 23 Dahlb. Hym. Eur. ii.

p- 383.

Hab.— Egypt.

5. Parnopes viridis.

Parnopes viridis, Brullé, Hist. Nat. des Ins. (St. Farg.)

Ly Po bos Cre

I1ab.— Pondicherry.

6. Parnopes smaragdina.*

Female.—Length 44 lines. Head and thorax green,

abdomen green, with tints of blue in certain lights. Head,

thorax and tegule of the wings strongly punctured,

the scutellum most coarsely so; the scape of the antenne

green, the flagellum black, with one or two of the basal

joints obscurely rufo-piceous. Thorax: the posterior

margin of the post-scutellum trilobate, the central lobe

small and rounded ; wings fusco-hyaline, darkest towards

their base ; legs green, with the tarsi and tibie within

rufo-testaceous. Abdomen: finely and closely punctured ;

on the basal segment the punctures are distant at its base,

454 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

and very fine and close at its apical margin ; the apical

margin of the third segment finely denticulate ; the base

and apex of the segment violet.

The male, in colour and punctuation, exactly resembles

the female, the apical margin of the fourth segment being

similarly denticulated.

Hab.—The Gambia, Senegambia.

7. Parnopes sinensis.*

Male.—Length 5} lines. Head and thorax green, with

blue and purple tints; abdomen purple at the base and

apex, the intermediate portion flesh-coloured; wings pale

fusco-hyaline. Head and thorax with coarse, deep, con-

fluent punctures, the tegulze also coarsely punctured.

Abdomen: the basal and apical segments coarsely punc-

tured, the intermediate segments rather more finely

punctured. The clypeus with the anterior margin trun-

cate, the lateral angles being rounded. ‘The face covered

with silvery-white pubescence ; the antennz have a short

silvery pubescence and are of an obscure rufo-piceous

colour; behind the eyes and the posterior margin of the

vertex blue. Thorax: the posterior margin of the pro-

thorax blue; the scutellum blue ; a broad stripe down the

middle of the mesothorax, and the post-scutellum blue-

black; the tegule large, very wide posteriorly, and of an

obscure blue-black, with the outer margin pale testaceous.

Abdomen: the flesh-colour of the two intermediate seg-

ments extends over the margin of the basal segment at its

middle portion; the tibize and tarsi flesh-coloured.

Hab.—Shanghai, North China.

In an important structural character this species differs

from the European one, Parnopes carnea; the tegule of

the wings are larger and of a different form, their posterior

margin is very slightly rounded, subtruncate; in P. carnea

they are of a pointed oval shape.

8. Parnopes chrysoprasina.

Male.—Length 44 lines. Green, with the basal mar-

gin of the second, third and fourth segments blue. Head,

thorax and abdomen closely and strongly punctured, the

thorax rather more strongly so than the head or abdomen;

the antennz rufo-testaceous, one or two of the basal joints

tinged with green. The legs rufo-testaceous, the femora

darkest, and, as well as the tibia, tinged with green; the

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, §:c. 455

tegulie strongly punctured, tinged with green and having

their outer margin pale testaceous ; wings pale fulvo-

hyaline; the post-scutellum nearly quadrate, a little longer

than broad, deeply notched in the middle of the posterior

margin. The apical segment with two large deep fovez

near its apical margin, which is denticulated.

Hab.—North Carolina.

Genus ANTHRACIAS.

Anthracias, Klug, Berichte iiber die Verhand. der Akad.

Berlin, 1839; p. 2.

Of this genus I have only seen a single imperfect speci-

men; it is destitute of wings and has only one posterior

tarsus. Klug, in the “ Berichte,” has not given detailed

generic characters, but he mentions the essential one, that

of the abdomen being composed above of only two seg-

ments ; beneath, four are distinctly visible, exclusive of its

retractile ovipositor; the claws of the tarsi have a single

tooth beneath ; the antenne resemble those of Chrysis, the

second joint being only half the length of the third, the

fourth joint about equal to the second, as are all the follow-

ing joimts. The insect has the exact resemblance of

Parnopes, to which it is closely allied. In the specimen

examined there is not a projecting rostrum as in Parnopes,

but, the insect being in a mutilated condition, it may pos-

sibly be broken off.

1. Anthracias Capensis.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Head, thorax and apex ot

the abdomen black, the rest ferruginous; strongly punc-

tured. Head and thorax very coarsely, closely and deeply

punctured; the eyes large and ovate ; the head narrowed

and rounded behind the eyes; mandibles rufo-piceous in

the middle. Thorax: the prothorax oblong, flattened

above and slightly concave in front; its anterior margin

transverse, the lateral margins parallel anteriorly to nearly

half its length, from thence obliquely inclined outwardly

to the tegulz of the wings; the metathorax truncate pos-

teriorly, the margin of the truncation raised and acute ; the

tibiz and tarsi ferruginous. Abdomen: the first segment

scarcely half the length of the second, the latter with a

central longitudinal carina, which becomes most elevated

towards the apical margin of the segment, which is rounded

and edentate; the apical third of the abdomen black, the

456 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

inner margin of the black portion deeply sinuated laterally ;

the punctures strong, more or less confluent and oblong in

form, particularly so on the disk; beneath, entirely fer-

ruginous.

Hab.—Cape of Good Hope.

Fam. CHRYSIDID, Leach.

Chrysidide, Leach, Brit. Encycl. (1817); Dahlb.

Hym. Europ., 1. 95 (1854).

Genus Crysis.

Chrysis, Linn. Syst. Nat. ed. xi. vol. i. p. 947.

Div. 1. The apical segment of the abdomen entire.

1. Chrysis artifex.*

Length 5 lines. Head and thorax violet, with blue

tints; abdomen golden, with shades of carmine in certain

lights. The face with silvery-white pubescence; the an-

tennee also with a fine white pile, the three basal seg-

ments tinged with violet ; the third segment of the abdomen

of a bright carmine tint, the second slightly so on the disk

in certain lights; the legs blue, with the tarsi black ; wings

subhyaline. The thorax, slightly narrowed before the

tegulz; the anterior lateral angles subacute; the post-

scutellum elevated into a slight tubercle. Head and

thorax strongly and very closely punctured. Abdomen:

finely and very closely punctured, most strongly so at the

base; the second segment with a central longitudinal

carina, it is also faintly traced on the basal segment ;

beneath golden, with a coppery lustre on the two apical

seements.

Hab.—ong Kong.

2. Chrysis faustus.*

Female.—Length 4# lines. Green with shades of blue ;

head and thorax strongly punctured, the abdomen very

finely so.

Head and prothorax of a bright golden-green, the rest

of the thorax of a dark green with brighter shades laterally ;

the tegule smooth and bright green. Abdomen: each seg-

ment more or less blue-green towards its basal margin ;

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, fe. Aat

the femora and body beneath golden-green; the tarsi and

antennz black, both more or less green above towards their

base. The head, prothorax, scutellum and post-scutellum

very strongly punctured, the latter angulated; wines sub-

hyaline, the nervures black; the extreme base of the ab-

domen very strongly punctured; the rest of the abdomen

very closely and finely punctured.

Fab.— Queensland.

The description is that of the most highly coloured ex-

ample seen ; others are of a darker green, inclining to blue,

but the puncturing is constant and the carina on the

second abdominal segment is always strongly marked.

3. Chrysis reversus.

Length 33 lines. Green inclining to olive above; be-

neath, bright green; sometimes of an uniform colour ; occa-

sionally dark green, with the prothorax and metathorax

brighter, as well as the posterior margins of the seg-

ments of the abdomen; the wings hyaline, the nervures

black. The head, thorax and base of the abdomen

strongly and closely punctured, the abdomen finely so;

the punctures on the second and third segments are

oblong, placed transversely, and more or less confluent.

Hab.—Tasmania.

4. Chrysis viridifrons.*

Female.—Length 3—4 lines. Obscure green, blue and

purple ; the face and body beneath bright green. The

pro- and meso-thorax and also the posterior margins of the

segments of the abdomen green; the metathorax, abdomen

and vertex violet or more or less purple ; the legs blue or

more or less green, the tarsi dusky; wings hyaline, the

nervures black. Head, thorax and base of the abdomen

strongly and very closely punctured, the punctures more

or less confluent. Abdomen finely and closely punctured ;

the fineness of the puncturing gradating from the base to

the apex, where it is very fine and close.

Hab.—Tasmania.

Div. 2. The apical segment of the abdomen with 4 teeth.

5. Chrysis interceptor.*

Length 44 lines. Green, with shades of blue above;

the face and body beneath golden-green. A blue spot in

458 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

the middle of the prothorax, the central portion of the

mesothorax, and the second and third segments of the

abdomen, blue ; the apical margins of the segments green.

The head, thorax and base of the abdomen with close,

large, semi-confluent punctures ; the abdomen closely and

more finely punctured ; the two intermediate teeth rather

more approximating than the outer ones to the intermediate

ones.

Hab.—Hunter River, New South Wales.

6. Chrysis intrudens.

Female.—Length 4 lines. Varied with blue and green,

beneath entirely green. The mesothorax above, the

tecule, scutellum and second and third segments of the

abdomen blue, their apical margins tinged with green.

The thorax narrowed from the tegule to the anterior

angles of the prothorax. The head and thorax strongly

punctured, the punctures close and in parts confluent;

wings subhyaline, the nervures fuscous. The abdomen

strongly punctured ; a smooth shining carina runs from

the base of the second segment to the apex of the abdomen,

the margin with four very acute teeth, the two central

ones approximating, the lateral teeth being separated

widely from them; the central teeth produced beyond the

lateral ones.

Hab.— Australia.

7. Chrysis parallelus.

Length 34 lines. Head and thorax blue above, with

tints of green in parts; abdomen olive-green, with the

margins of the segments bright green. Head: the face

ereen, and with a white pubescence. ‘Thorax: the posterior

lateral angles of the metathorax bright green, as well as

the legs and body beneath; wings subhyaline, the nervures

black. The sides of the thorax parallel. The head and

thorax very strongly punctured, the punctures very close

and most coarse on the scutellum and post-scutellum. The

abdomen strongly punctured, the teeth at its apex short,

not very acute, the two central ones approximating and

slightly produced beyond the lateral ones.

Hab.— Australia.

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, &c. 459

8. Chrysis volatilis.*

Female.—Length 5 lines. Elongate, narrow, and of a

violet colour, with slight tints of green on the head and

thorax. Head: the margin of the vertex and inner orbits

of the eyes green; the scape, and two following joints of

the antennz, green above. The sides of the thorax nearly

parallel; the anterior angles of the prothorax acute; the

posterior angles of the metathorax green; wings sub-

hyaline, the nervures fuscous. Head and thorax strongly

and closely punctured; abdomen finely punctured; the

basal margin of the first segment with a deep central

fovea, and a broader lateral one.

Hab.—Shanghai,

9. Chrysis janthinus.*

Female.—Length 5 lines. Bright violet, with shades

of blue and green. ‘The face and three basal joints of the

antennz bright green, the legs and entire body of the

insect beneath bright green ; the vertex violet, a narrow

green line at the inner margin of the eyes. Thorax: the

sides nearly parallel or very slightly narrowed anteriorly ;

the prothorax with the anterior angles rounded, of a violet

colour, with a narrow green border at its posterior margin ;

the central portion of the mesothorax purple, the lateral

portions violet; the scutellum and metathorax green;

wings slightly fuscous. Abdomen violet; the sides of the

first segment and the posterior margin of the second

ereenish, the margin widest laterally. The head and

thorax very strongly punctured; abdomen evenly and

strongly punctured, most strongly so at the base.

Hab.—Shanghai.

10. Chrysis fossulatus.

Length 43 lines. Head and thorax green, slightly

tinged with blue; the abdomen violet. Face and body

beneath bright green; the legs green, tinged with blue

above; the vertex green. Thorax narrowed from the

tegule forwards; the anterior angles of the prothorax

acute, the margin hollowed to the curvature of the head ;

the sides of the mesothorax tinged with green, as are also

the lateral angles of the metathorax; the posterior margin

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.) II

460 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

of the basal segment of the abdomen green; there is also,

in certain lights, a tinge of green on the sides of the two

following segments and also on their apical margins; the

apical margin of the posterior segment armed with four

acute teeth, the two central ones approximating ; a smooth

central line down the second and third segments ; on each

side of the central carina on the third segment are four

deep oblong fossulets in the place of the usual row of

punctures.

Hab.—Shanghai.

Div. 3. The apical segment of the abdomen with 5 teeth.

11. Chrysis imperiosus.*

Female.—Length 4 lines. The face, the lateral angles

of the metathorax, the legs and body beneath, brilliant

golden-green ; the vertex and thorax above coppery, with

a purple lustre; abdomen violet, with the sides more or

less coppery; the post-scutellum has posteriorly “a violet

tint. The sides of the prothorax smuated; the head,

thorax and abdomen of equal width. The wings sub-

hyaline, the nervures fuscous. The head and thorax

coarsely and closely punctured. Abdomen closely and

strongly punctured.

Hab.—Moreton Bay.

12. Chrysis Shanghaiensis.*

Female.— Length 5—6 lines. Bright green, with golden

tints, adorned in parts with blue. The face and three

basal joints of the antennze golden-green; the vertex be-

hind the ocelli blue. Thorax: the disk of the mesothorax

more or less blue, the central division usually so; wings

fuscous, palest towards their apical margins, and having a

purple iridescence; legs green, with their tarsi black.

Abdomen: the basal half of the second and third segment

bright blue. The head and thorax strongly and closely

punctured, the scutellum and post-scutellum very closely

so; the latter produced into a conical tubercle, which is

flattened above. Abdomen strongly and evenly punctured,

but much more finely so than the thorax; beneath, the

insect is bright golden-green, with black spots at the basal”

margins of the segments of the abdomen.

Hab.—Shanghai, N. China.

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, §c. 461

Div. 4. The apical segment of the abdomen with 6 teeth.

13. Chrysis principalis.*

Female.—Length 61 lines. Head and thorax ereen ;

abdomen violet, with the apical margins of the segments

narrowly bright green. The face golden-green; the three

basal joints of the antenne blue, with the first joint green

in front; the rest of the antenne black; an ovate blue

spot on the vertex inclosing the ocelli. Thorax: a trans-

verse blue line on the prothorax; the seutellum, tegulze

and disk of the mesothorax occasionally more or less blue;

the anterior wings fusco-hyaline. The body beneath, and

the legs also beneath, bright golden-green, the latter blue

above; the tarsi black. The head and thorax with deep,

close, coarse punctures; the abdomen finely and closely

punctured; some large, deep punctures at its extreme base,

and a row of similar punctures along the apical margin of

the basal segment.

fiab.—Shanghai, N. China.

This species has the thorax sometimes green, with only

a faint blue transverse line on the prothorax, which is

slightly narrowed anteriorly and has the lateral angles

acute.

14. Chrysis gemmatus.

Female.—Length 5 lines. Green, with black markings

on the head and thorax; the second segment of the abdo-

men with a bright-golden ocellate spot on the second seg-

ment, towards the apical margin laterally ; beneath, bright

green, with golden tints; the face golden-green. A black

spot on the vertex inclosing the ocelli, an ovate one in the

middle of the prothorax, and an oblong one on each side

of it; the central divisions of the mesothorax, and the scu-

tellum, more or less black; the apical segment of the

abdomen blue. The head and thorax coarsely and closely

punctured, the scutellum most strongly so; the abdomen

more finely punctured and with a few large punctures at

its extreme base. Wings fuscous, the posterior pair

palest.

Hab.— Australia.

15. Chrysis agilis.*

Female.—Length 4 lines. Dark blue; the face, body

beneath and the legs more or less green. Strongly punc-

tured; the punctures very close on the head and thorax;

112

462 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

rather more distant on the abdomen; the puncturing on

the first seement nearly as strong as on the thorax; on the

two following segments much finer, increasing gradually

in fineness to the apex; wings hyaline, the nervures black.

HHab.—Queensland.

16. Chrysis bipartitus.

Female.—Length 4-43 lines. Head and thorax purple,

abdomen golden-green. The face green, the body purple

beneath, the femora purple, the tibiz green ; the face with

silvery-white pubescence. The head and thorax coarsely

punctured; wings subhyaline, the nervures fuscous. The

abdomen strongly punctured, its extreme base most

strongly so.

Var. The thorax tinged in parts with green.

Hab.— Australia.

17. Chrysis varicolor.

Length 4 lines. Head and thorax varied with blue and

green; abdomen green, with bright-golden and coppery

lustre. Head blue; prothorax green, with a transverse inter-

rupted blue line in the middle; the mesothorax with the

middle of the disk and the scutellum blue, the rest purple

above, margined laterally with blue; the metathorax green;

wings fuscous, not very dark, and with their base sub-

hyaline; the nervures black; the legs and body green

beneath. Abdomen: the first segment green, with more

or less of a golden lustre, the two following segments with

a bright-coppery effulgence, the sides more or less golden;

the teeth on the apical margin acute, nearly equidistant,

and in a slight curve. The head and thorax strongly and

closely punctured. Abdomen rather finely punctured,

most strongly so at the base; on the second and third

segments the punctures more or less confluent.

Hab.—F oo0-chow.

Div.5. The apical segment of the abdomen with 7 teeth.

18. Chrysis festinus.*

Female.—Length 5 lines. Head and thorax green,

abdomen blue, with the extreme base more or less green,

beneath golden-green. Head: the face covered with silvery

pubescence. The anterior angles of the prothorax acute.

The head and thorax strongly and very closely punctured;

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, &c. 463

at the sides of the thorax the punctures are more or less

confluent. Abdomen: the first segment strongly punc-

tured, the punctures not very close except at the sides of

the segment; the second and third segments less strongly

punctured, and having a central, smooth, longitudinal line;

the apical margin of the third segment with seven teeth,

the central one smallest. Wings hyaline, the nervures

fuscous.

The male exactly resembles the female.

Both sexes have seven teeth.

f1ab.—Perth, Western Australia.

Genus Pyrta, St. Fare.

This genus is composed of species that form a section

of the Chrysidide intermediate between the genus Stilbum

and that of Chrysis. Its claims to generic distinction

appear to be based on a difference in the relative length

of the joints of the antennx, and in the post-scutellum

being produced into a conical pointed tubercle, which

projects over the base of the abdomen; the neuration

of the wings in the genera Pyria and Chrysis being

essentially the same; Stilbwm, however, appears to have

a permanent difference in the marginal cell, it bemg, in

the extensive series of examples that I have examined,

open at its apex; in the genera Pyria and Chrysis it 1s

closed. That an occasional exception to this circumstance

will be found is certain, but that is only what is to be

expected in so extensive a genus as Chrysis; I have

observed exceptions to the rule in some of the beautiful

species from Brazil. '

The number of joints of which the antennz of the

species belonging to the genera Stilbum, Pyria ae

Chrysis is composed is thirteen, that number being foun

in both sexes of the species. The third joint of the

antennx, in the genus Sti/bum, is the longest, as it 1s te

in the genus Chrysis, but in the genus Pyria the fourt

is the longest. The latter genus has the post-scutellum

F i ical spine over the base of

produced in the form of a conical spit Rien:

the abdomen, but the cone, or tuberculate process, 1s no

hollowed out as in the genus Sti/bum; I only know of a

single exception to this characteristic,— tis tee ne =

smaragdula of St. Fargeau, P. stilboides 0 See a

this species the conical spine 1s hollowed out above,

the excavation is coarsely punctured,

464 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

The produced post-scutellum, although one of the

essential characters of the genus Pyria, is also found to

characterize one or two species of Chrysis from Western

Africa; these belong to the division of that genus in which

the third abdominal segment is armed with four teeth.

Belonging to the same division, and also from the same

locality, several species of Chrysis have the post-scutellum

triangular and slightly projecting; these species form

apparently a connecting link between the genera.

Dahlbom has united the species of the genus Pyria

with those of Chrysis, but the general aspect, or rather

habit of the species is sufficient in my opinion to warrant

their separation; the type of the genus, Pyria lyncea,

closely resembles a true Sti/bum in its general form; it has

the head narrower than the thorax, the post-scutellum pro-

duced, the convex abdomen, gradually narrowed from the

base to the apex, whilst the construction of the antennze

separates them at once from the genus Chrysis. There are,

however, species which are placed in the genus Pyria which

have not the post-scutellum produced ; P. ocellata is an

example of this: the genus, therefore, will probably be

regarded as a mere section of the extensive genus Chrysis ;

any well-defined section of an extensive genus is advan-

tageous, whether a distinctive name be assigned to it or

not.

1. Pyria lyncea.

Chrysis lincea, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 357. Chrysis

lyncea, Fabr. Ent. Syst. 11. 240;

syst. Piez. p. 172; Dahlb. Hym.

Europ. ii. 339.

Pyria armata, St. Farg. Encycl. Méth. x. 459; Brullé,

Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hym. (St. Farg.)

1a Ps. 2 be ;

Pyria Reichet, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vii. 448.

Pyria canaliculata, Brullé, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. iv.

p- 20.

Pyria lyncea, Gerst. Peters’ Reise Mossamb. p. 519.

Hab.—Sierra Leone; Mozambique; Gambia; Angola;

Knysna; Cape of Good Hope.

2. Pyria stilboides.

Pyria stilboides, Spin. Ann. Soc. Ent. France, vii.

446; Gerst. Peters’ Reise Mossamb.

p- 019.

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, &c. 465

Stilbum sexdentatum, Guér. Rev. Zool. p- 145 (1842)

Chrysis nobilis, Klug, Symb. Phys. Dec. v. Tab. xlv.

; Fig. 2; Dahlb. Hym. Eur. ii. 347.

Pyria smaragdula, Brullé, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. iv. 19

(nec St. Farg.).

Hab.—Egypt; Gambia ; Mozambique ; Senegal; Al-

geria.

3. Pyria plurimacula.

Pyria plurimacula, Brullé, Hist. Nat. Ins. Hym. (St.

Farg.) iv. 22.

Hab.—Madagascar.

4, Pyria oculata.

Chrysis oculata, Fabr. Syst. Ent. p. 357 ; Ent. Syst.

i. p. 239; Dahlb. Hym. Eur. ii.

p- 310.

Pyria oculata, Brullé, Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hym. iv. p. 19.

Hab.—India.

5. Pyria violacea.*

Length 53 lines. Bright violet, with more or less of

shades of green or purple. The head and thorax with

strong, coarse, confluent punctures; the abdomen with

strong punctures, those at the base strongest and most dense;

the post-scutellum produced into a stout projecting conical

spine, the spine coarsely punctured and having a central

longitudinal smooth carina; the margin of the apical

segment of the abdomen with four teeth and also a

tooth on its lateral margins. Beneath, the insect is usually

bright green; the legs usually green beneath and blue

above, or entirely green; wings fusco-hyaline, the nervures

black.

Var. The head more or less green.

Hab.— Australia; Swan River, &c.

6. Pyria Proteus.*

Length 41—51 lines. Blue, green, or a mixture of

those colours. Strongly punctured; the punctures on the

sides of the pro- and meso-thorax more or less confluent ;

the scutellum more strongly punctured; the post-scutellum

produced into a conical projecting tubercle, which is coarsely

punctured and has a central longitudinal smooth carina:

466 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

wings subhyaline, the nervures black. Tle apical segment

of the abdomen with six teeth, four apical and two lateral.

Var. 1. Green, with a violet spot enclosing the ocelli ;

the sutures of the mesothorax, the scutellum and _post-

scutellum violet or purple; the base of the abdomen and

middle of the first segment, as well as a transverse change-

able fascia in the middle of the second and the third seg-

ments, violet.

Var. 2. Thorax and abdomen more or less green; the

abdomen violet ; beneath usually green.

This species closely resembles P. lyncea ; it differs from

that insect, being of a broader form: the abdomen is not

so narrow towards the apex ; the basal segment has the

lateral angles rounded, not sub-acute as in P. lyncea, and

the teeth at the apex are wider apart.

Hab.— Australia; North and West Australia; Swan

River ; Lizard Island.

7. Pyria bispilota.

Pyria bispilota, Guér. Rev. Zool. v. p. 145 (1842).

Hab.— Madagascar.

8. Pyria orientalis.

Pyria orientalis, Guér. Rev. Zool. v. p. 146 (1842).

Hab.—Sumatra.

9. Pyria Mouattiz.

Pyria Mouattii, Guér. Rev. Zool. v. p. 145 (1842).

Hab.— Madagascar.

10. Pyria Gheudei.

Pyria Gheudei, Guér. Rev. Zool. v. p. 145 (1842).

Hab.—Madagascar.

Genus STILBUM, Spin.

The genus Stilbum, notwithstanding the researches and

labours of many eminent Entomologists, has hitherto been

arranged in erroneous exactitude. Fabricius was the first

author who described, with any degree of satisfactory

correctness, the type of the genus. ‘This was done in his

first systematic work, ‘* Systema Entomologiz.”

Guérin-Meneville, in his “ Revue Zoologique,” 1842,

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, &c. 467

described a new species from Madagascar, and Brullé, in

the ‘Histoire Naturelle des Insectes Hyménoptéres,”

enumerates three species,—/S. splendidum, S. calens, and

the S. viride of Guérin. Dahlbom, in his elaborate mono-

graph, also gives three species, but he overlooks Guérin’s

species altogether ; he describes a species, S. Wesmaeli,

as new, but which is, in my opinion, a variety of the male

of S. amethystina. Dr. Gerstaecker is of opinion that

S. splendidum of Brullé and Dahlbom, and S. calens of Fa-

bricius, constitute but a single species, and in this opinion

I coincide. There is a distinctive difference in coloration,

which is frequent in S. calens, but which I have never

seen in the exotic specimens; but I know of no structural

character or difference in sculpture that would warrant

their separation. In a large series of S. calens, specimens

of a burnished coppery splendour are found, having only

the apical segment of the abdomen blue ; others have the

head and thorax blue and green, with the abdomen cop-

pery ; such varieties I have not found in Asiatic or African

specimens, but among the latter are found examples entirely

of a deep blue colour.

One of the principal objects that I have in writing the

present paper is to rectify the unavoidable errors which

Hymenopterists have committed; in the second place, I am

desirous of describing a few beautiful species of Chrysi-

dide which are not in Dahlbom’s work.

The type specimens of Fabricius’s species, preserved in

the Banksian collection, are now deposited in the British

Museum; a careful examination of them enables me to

correct former errors. It is acknowledged that the de-

scriptions of Fabricius are frequently too succinct and

devoid of specific distinctions to enable the student to

identify his species. The descriptions of many of the

elder Entomologists may have served in their day for the

discrimination of a species from the few by which it was

then surrounded, but they are, in the present state of our

knowledge, totally inadequate for that purpose.

Of the genus Stilbum, Fabricius, under the generic

name Chrysis, described two species, G. splendida and C.

amethystina, the latter being the insect hitherto regarded

as his C. splendida. On referring to the “ Systema es

mologiz” the first descriptions of these species are found,

C. splendida being placed at the head of the aie it

is distinguished from all the rest by ie gare

«“ Magna”; the smallest having the prefix “ Parva’;

468 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

is attached to C. luctdula. Fabricius, in describing his

species Chrysis amethystina, gives the locality New Hol-

land, and says in the Banksian Museum, his description

distinguishing it as a species of the modern genus Stilbum;

* Thorax viridis, scutello prominulo, concavo.” In the

British Museum are specimens also from Australia; the

size of the “ amethystina” is exactly four and a half lines,

French measure; it is of an entirely blue colour, in this

respect resembling many examples from Africa. Dahl-

bom, relymg on the authority of a specimen which he

saw in the Museum at Kiel, which, if named by Fabri-

cius, it was certainly subsequent to his visit to England,

when he named the insect preserved in the Banksian

collection, and, trusting to his memory, he gave the name

* amethystina” to a species belonging to the genus Chrysis,

as now restricted. ‘The habitat New Holland may pos-

sibly have influenced some Hymenopterists to believe it

probable that the locality given is an error; such is cer-

tainly not the case, as other examples have been received

from that country; neither St//bum nor Chrysis appear to

be generally abundant there,—I have only seen two of the

former and five of the latter genus; of the genera Cleptes,

Omalus, Hedychrum, Euchreus, or of Parnopes, I have

not seen a single species from Australia.

The habits of some of the species of the family have

been carefully observed and recorded ; these belong to the

genera Hedychrum, Chrysis, and one or two other genera

found in Europe; of the habits of exotic species very

little has, to my knowledge, been observed. In the

British Museum are several nests of Kumenes tinctor,

sent from Port Natal by Herr Gueinzius, who bred

from them specimens of Stilbum amethystina, the parasite

of the wasp. Parnopes carnea is known to be the

parasite of Bembex rostrata. Elampus Panzeri I have

observed entering the burrows of Mimesa bicolor. Some

of the species of the genus Hedychrum do not appear to

confine their attacks to a particular species; Hedychrum

lucidulum is parasitic on species of Halicti; this habit

I have observed myself, having on one occasion found

it numerous, entermg the burrows of Halictus leuco-

zonius. Hedychrum ardens is the parasite of Mimesa

unicolor, and Hedychrum roseum is parasitic on the larva

of Tachytes pompilifor mis, and also, according to Shuckard,

upon that of Arpactus tumidus. Omalus auratus is said

by Latreille to be parasitic on Philanthus triangulum ;

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, §c. 469

and, Walckenaer says, also upon Cerceris ornata ; Ihave

bred it in large numbers from bramble sticks containing

cells of Cemonus unicolor, and I have seen it repeatedly

entering the burrows of Megachile argentata.

The species of the genus Chrysis, judging from the

amount of knowledge which we ‘at present possess, are

principally parasitic on species of Vespide, and some by

no means confine their attacks to one insect; Chrysis

¢gnita is known to attack the larve of several wasps

as well as of bees; Walckenaer found it parasitic

upon /falicti. I have bred it from nests of Osmia

bicornis ; Prof. Westwood bred it from the nest of

the solitary wasp, Odynerus Antilope, and Mr. Chapman

reared it from that of Odynerus spinipes. I once ob-

tained many individuals from a nest of Vespa rufa.

Chrysis cyanea is the parasite of Chelostoma Jlorisomne,

and Chrysis bicolor is the parasite of Osmia parietina ;

Zetterstedt bred the latter Chrysis from nests of Osmia

nigriventris. Chrysis neglecta and C. bidentata are well-

known parasites of Odynerus spinipes, details of the

economy of these two Chrysides, and their mode of

attack and development, are given by Mr. T. Algernon

Chapman in the sixth volume of the Entomologist’s

Monthly Magazine.

1. Stilhum splendidum.*

Chrysis splendida, Fabr. Syst. Entom. p. 357, 2; Ent.

Syst. 11. p. 238 ; Syst. Piez. p. 170.

Female.—Length 8—8} lines. Head usually bright

green, sometimes blr2 on the vertex; the three basal

joints of the antenne green, occasionally blue. Thorax

blue; the prothorax frequently tinted with green at the

sides, also oceasionally narrowly so at its posterior margin ;

the mesothorax with a broad, longitudinal, lateral, green

stripe; the posterior angles of the metathorax frequently

more or less green; the legs green; wings fusco-hyaline,

the nervures black. Abdomen blue, with usually a tint

of green at the sidcs of the first segment; the men:

seement frequently green posteriorly ; pe w it :

changeable tints of blue and green. The head and t oe

strongly and closely punctured ; the abdomen more finely

and not so closely punctured ; a central, narrow, 1mpunc-

tate line on the second segment; the apical margin of the

third segment armed with four acute teeth.

470 Mr. F. Smith’s Revision

The male is smaller, about six and a half lines long, and

is coloured like the female; the two central spines on the

apical segment of the abdomen scarcely project beyond

the lateral ones, but in the females of this genus they in-

variably do.

Hab.— Australia (Sydney ; Moreton Bay; Queensland;

Port Essington; Swan River).

fw .--

2. Stilbum amethystinum.*

Chrysis amethystina, Fabr. Syst. Entom. p. 359, ¢ ;

Ent. Syst. 1. p. 243; Syst.

Piez.'p. 176.

Chrysis calens, Fabr. Ent. Syst. ii. p. 239; Syst. Piez.

p- 171; Rossi, Faun. Etrus. 1. 74.

Stilbum splendidum, Brullé, Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hym.

(St. Ware-), ays p. Way deme:

Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i. p. 358 ;

Gerst. Peters’ Reise Mossamb.

p- 519; Smith, Journ. Linn.

Soc. iv. p. 144.

Stilbum calens, Spin. Ins. Ligur. i. p. 9; Brullé, Hist.

Nat. des Ins. Hym. (St. Farg.),

iv. p. 16; Dahlb. Hym. Eur.

i. p. 360, , 2; Lucas, Explo.

Sc. de lAlgér. ui. p. 315, pl.

17, fig. 13; Chevr. Chrys. du

Bassin du Léman, 7.

Stilbum Wesmaeli, Dahlb. Hym. Eur. i. p. 359, ¢.

Stilbum amethystinum, Smith, Journ. Linn. Soc. iv.

Ds Lite

Hab.— Australia ; Seueeene Sierra Leone; Angola;

Port Natal; Cape of Good Hope; Mozambique; Mada-~-

gascar; Egypt; Arabia; Algeria; Calcutta; Tarancore ;

Himalaya; Singapore; Java; Celebes; Aru; Gilolo;

Ceram; New Guinea; China; Japan; Persia; Turkey;

Barbary; Greece; Italy; France; Dalmatia; Sicily.

3. Stilbum viride, Guér.

Stilbum viride, Guér. Revue Zool. Mai, 1842, p. 144, ?;

Brullé, Hist. Nat. des Ins. Hym.

(St. Farg.) iv. 16, ¢.

Hab.— Madagascar.

In the British Museum is a specimen from Madagascar

collected by Madame Ida Pfeiffer, which I believe to be

of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, &c. 471

Guérin’s species; it is entirely green above and beneath,

with tints of blue on the thorax; the antennz beyond the

three basal joints being black, the middle division of the

mesothorax is blue black, inclining to purple; the apical

segment of the abdomen is golden-green. The thorax is

entirely covered with strong confluent punctures, as are

also the tegulz ; the wings smoky, with black nervures.

Abdomen: the first and second segments rather more

closely and strongly punctured than in Stilbum ame-

thystina, the third segment entirely covered with fine

confluent punctures. The lateral angles of the basal

seement rounded, in S. amethystina they are acute.

Neither Guérin nor Brullé mention the different struc-

ture of the basal seement of the abdomen ; this is probably

an oversight, if not, the insect I describe will prove to be

a new species.

NotE.—The types of the species distinguished by a * are in the British

Museum.

C473)

XXIII. Descriptions of some new species of Exotic

ce By J. O. Wesrwoop, M.A.,

[Read 6th July, 1874.]

Goliathus albo-pictus, fem., Bohemann, Ins. Caffr.

Part 1. p. 10 (1857); Westw. Thes. Entom. pl. 1,

fie 2,6.

Goliathus Kirkianus, G. R. Gray, Proc. Zool. Soe.

Lond. Jan. 26, 1864.

The female insect, figured in Pl. VII. fig. 1, being unique,

we do not possess the means of its sexual identification as

the female of the Gol. albo-pictus, although there can be

but little doubt that such is the case.

It is black, varied on the hind part of the head, pro-

notum and elytra with white markings. The head is

thickly punctured, oval in front, with two impressions

between the eyes bearing two small somewhat triangular

white spots. The mandibles have the horny part slender

(PI. VII. fig. la). The maxille (Pl. VII. fig. 16) have

the upper lobe horny, terminated by two obtuse teeth, or

rather its apex is emarginate; the lower lobe forms a strong

curved spine. The mentum (PI. VII. fig. le) is not so

broad as in the male, rounded at the sides, deeply

notched in the produced centre of its anterior margin.

The prothorax is sub-heptagonal, the middle of the

anterior margin forming a small tubercle, the hind margin

produced and rounded over the scutellum; the anterior

half of the lateral margin diverges considerably from

the head, but the posterior sides converge towards the

humeral portion of the elytra; the middle of the disc

has a deep impression, extending from the centre to the

front tubercle; the disc is densely covered with punctures

of large size, especially towards the posterior margin;

down the centre of the depression is a slender white

line; another short, conical extends on each side obliquely

from the front tubercle ; there is a moderately wide white

mark parallel to the lateral margin, united at each end

with a very slender one. ;

The scutellum is smooth, with a strongly impressed line

on each side. The elytra are covered with very minute

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

474 Mr. J. O. Westwood’s new species

punctures in the black portions, all the white markings

being impunctate ; these markings are very numerous and

irrecular; they are chiefly undulating and transverse on

the disc, the outer margin of each and the apex, extending

upwards along the suture, being broadly white. On the

disc are to be observed faint traces of two broad longi-

tudinal coste. The podex is densely covered with minute

punctures. The body beneath is entirely black, the me-

tasternum with a strong central impressed line, the ab-

dominal segments convex ; the legs short and strong, the

anterior tibiz with three teeth, the four posterior ones

with a sharp central spine in the middle of the outer edge,

the inner edge fringed with black hair; the anterior tarsi

are unusually long and slender.

Length 22 lines; width of shoulders of elytra 114

lines.

Habitat Limpopo. In Mus. Higgins.

Chalcothea auripes, Westw. (PI. VII. fig. 2.)

Tota opalino-viridis, fere impunctata, capite postice,

tibiis tarsisque aureo-cupreis; clypeo profunde bifido,

medio lateribusque elevatis punctatis; prothorace angulis

posticis prominulis, disco pone medium sulco profundo

longitudinali impresso, lateribus crebre punctatis et mar-

ginatis ; scutello in medio depresso; elytris latis, convexis,

sutura depressé; tuberculo ordinario acuto, apice ipso nec-

non pygidio transverse aciculatis; mesosterno linea tenuis-

simé nigra vix impresso, segmentis abdominalibus con-

vexis levibus, penultimo serie submarginali punctorum,

apicali leviter punctato; pedibus elongatis, tibiis 4 posticis

extus in medio inermibus.

Long. corp. lin. 17; lat. humer. elytrorum lin, 7}.

Habitat Borneo. In Mus. D. Higgins.

Gymunetis subpunctata, (Pl. VII. fig. 5.)

Piceo-atra, velutina; capite integro punctatissimo,

elytris sutura costisque duabus parum elevatis, lateribus

discoque prope suturam guttis nonnullis stramineis fascia-

que tenui irregulari undulata subapicali ejusdem coloris ;

pedibus przesertim basi anticorum rufo-hirtis; metasterno,

coxis posticis, et lateribus abdominis lutescentibus, nigro-

punctatis; prosterno acuminato deflexo, setoso; mesosterno

parum porrecto (PI. VIT. fig. 5a).

Long. corp. lin. 10; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 5.

Habitat Ecuador. In Mus. Higgins.

of Exotic Cetoniide. 47

Allorhina hypoglauca. (Pl. VII. fie. 6.)

Supra fulva opaca, nigro-punctata, subtus late opalino-

viridis, capite foemine inermi, clypei margine antico in-

tegro, supra viridi parum tincto, thoracis punctis non-

nullis irregularibus minutis nigris; elytris subplanis, haud

costatis, punctis plurimis parvis rotundis maculisque tri-

bus lateralibus nigris, fascia transversé paullo pallidiori

indistinct media, alteraque inter medium et apicem, apice-

que ipso impunctatis; epimeris et apice supra detecto

coxarum posticarum viridi-tinctis; pedibus nigris, femori-

bus opalino-viridibus: corpore subtus opalino-viridi, pro-

cessu sternali serieque macularum in medio abdominis

nigris.

Long. corp. lin. 12; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 6.

Habitat Nicaragua. In Mus. Hopeano Oxonie et

Higgins.

Parachilia Bufo. (Pl. VII. fig. 7.)

Cetonia Bufo, Gory and Percheron in Silberm. Rey.

Ent. iii. 129. Burmeister, Handb. d. Ent. iii. 558

(Parachilia Bufo).

Tota nigra, opaca, velutina, capite antice acute bi-

fido, punctato, maxillis dense rufo-barbatis, prothorace

leviter punctato, supra convexo, subquadrato, lateribus

antice rotundatis, postice fere rectis, margine tenui levi

laterali, postico ante scutellum fere recto; hoc fere im-

punctato, elytris pone humeros prothorace multo latioribus,

prope scutellum depressis, postice sensim angustatis, nigris,

leviter punctatis singuloque sutura costisque duabus pa-

rum distinctis impunctatis ; podice rugoso ; mesosterno

simplici haud porrecto, rotundato, metasterno abdomineque

nitidis, illo sulco tenui medio longitudinali, hujus segments

convexis serieque subapicali punctorum oblongorum, im-

pressis; pedibus crassis, tibiis anticis extus tridentatis,

posticis quatuor in medio extus spina unica armatis e.

Mas pedibus elongatis. Var. elytris obscure rufis.

Long. corp. lin. 164; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 9. |

Habitat Madagascar. In Mus. D. Higgins et Hopeano

Oxon. a4

No figure having hitherto been published of foe ee

teresting species, I have added a description and get of

the female. The male of the nearly allied P Leroyi 0

Coquerel is figured in the Annales of the I rench Entom.

Society for 1859, pl. 7, f. 1.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.) K K

476 Mr. J. O. Westwood’s new species

Anatona alboguttata (Pl. VII. fig. 4), Burmeister,

Handb. ii. p. 504.

Crassa, chalybeo-nigra, opaca, capitis clypeo attenuato

angulis anticis extus porrectis, pronoto crebre punctato,

marginibus lateralibus, lineolé medi&é subhastaté, cum

duabus aliis discoidalibus irregularibus cretaceis ; scutelli

apice rotundato, maculé ovali, epimeris etiam macula,

elytrorum singulo maculis 7 vel 8 rotundis, pygidioque

quatuor minoribus, omnibus cretaceis; dorso pronoti et

elytrorum fere impunctato et striolis destituto, sutura

pone medium parum elevata, pronoto lateribus rotundatis

antice angustatis, margine postico ante scutellum emargi-

nato; pedibus mediocribus; tibiis anticis acute tridentatis,

posticis 4 extus in medio 1-dentatis: corpore infra nigro,

nitido, luteo-setoso, abdominis segmentis mediis in medio

depressis; lateribus metasterni, coxarum posticarum et

segmentorum abdominalium cretaceo-maculatis; processu

sternali vix porrecto obtuse rotundo, serie transversa se-

tarum notato.

Long. corp. lin. 743 lat. humer. elytr. lin. 4

Habitat in India. In Mus. Higgins.

No figure has hitherto been published of this pretty

species.

Glycyphana mediata, Westw. (PI. VII. fig. 3.)

Nigra, pronoto elytrisque piceo-nigris, velutinis ; capite

nitido, clypeo elongato apice rotundato, margine antico

parum elevato, punctato; vertice inter oculos transversim

elevato; antennis pedibusque piceo-castaneis; pronoto

transverso, lateribus rotundatis, angulis posticis rotun-

datis, margine postico ante scutellum parum emarginato,

margine omni tenui aurantio, postico paullo latiori et in

medio subinterrupto, dorso crebre cicatricoso-punctato ;

scutello elongato-trigono, apice acuto; elytris magis nigri-

cantibus fascia dentaté media, ad suturam interrupta,

apicibusque aurantiis, singulo stria suturali profunda,

punctisque fere fadaeancns notatis ; tibiis anticis acute

tridentatis, posticis quatuor in medio extus dente acuto

armatis : corpore infra piceo, vage punctato, setis luteis

vestito ; processu sternali vix porrecto, apice conico, ab-

domine convexo in individuo unico ViSO.

Long corp. lin. 8; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 43.

Habitat Borneo. In Mus. Higgins..

of Exotic Cetoniide. 477

Diaphonia ruficornis, Westw. CPL®V LEE. fie. 6.)

E Diaphoniis typicis differt clava antennarum elongata.

Brevis, crassa, Convexa, piceo-nigra, elytris cyaneo- et

purpureo-tinctis; nitida, valde rugosa, capitis clypeo in~

tegro subrotundato supra concavo, margine elevato, disco

granuloso; occipite griseo-setoso; antennis rufis, articulo

primo nigro, clava valde elongata; maxillis inermibus (PL

VIII. fig. 62), mento oblongo ovato, margine antico parum

emarginato setoso, palpis labialibus elongatis; pronoto con-

vexo, lateribus rotundatis, margine postico ante scutellum

parum emarginato, dorso eneo-tincto, punctatissimo, late-

ribus seabris ; scutello elongato-trigono, apice acuto; ely-

tris scabris irregulariter punctatissimis, sutura costisque

duabus in singulo elevatis, apice rotundato; tuberculo

ordinario, in quo cost desinent, parum distincto: corpore

infra valde setoso, processu sternali haud porrecto, tibiis

anticis extus 3-dentatis, dente basali multo minori, 4 pos-

ticis pone medium valde emarginatis, duabus posticis

crassis angulo externo apicali extus producto et truncato.

Long. corp. lin. 7; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 4.

Habitat in Australia. In Mus. Higgins.

Obs.—Diaphonie rugose proxima.

ELuryomia quadrimaculata, Westw. (PI. VIII. fig. 8.)

Nigra, subtus luteo-setosa ; capite nitido punctatissimo ;

elypeo oblongo angulis anticis rotundatis, margine in medio

antico vix emarginato; pronoto lato, velutino, brunneo, mar-

gine omni flavido, lateribus rotundatis, margine postico

supra scutellum parum rotundato-producto ; scutello tri-

gono, apiceacuto; elytris latis, huameris rotundatis, velutinis,

flavidis, singulo maculis duabus magnis brunneis, strié

suturali profundiori striisque nonnullis discoidalibus punc-

tatis parum distinctis, pygidio granuloso setoso; tibiis an-

ticis 3-dentatis, 4 posticis in medio extus 1-spinosis;

processu sternali vix porrecto, lato, apice angulato, meta-

sterno et segmentis convexis ventralibus rude punctatis.

Long. corp. lin. 53; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 3.

Habitat Madagascar. In Mus. Higgins.

Obs.—Euryomie argentee afiinis.

Clinteria tricolorata. (PI. VIII. fig. 4.)

Angusta, nigra, opaca, an gulis anticis prop eae mele

duabus magnis in medio laterali elytrorum puso pee

ribus apicalibus cum duabus pygidii albis; gute sa :

pronoti et pygidio- obscure mulic clypei margine ¢

K kK 2

478 Mr. J. O. Westwood’s new species

acute emarginato, facie in medio elevata, vertice punctato,

punctis posticis majoribus, maculis duabus parvis albis ad

basinantennarum; pronoto punctato, angulis anticis macula

ovali albo-cretaced, punctoque rotundo parvo subdiscoidali

adjecto; elytris punctato-striatis, punctis semiovalibus

aciculatis: corpore infra punctato glabro, metasterno

utrinque macula maend alba, macula minuté in medio

epimerarum, alteraque majori ad latera coxarum posticarum,

segmentis duobus mediis abdominis macula parva laterali,

pygidioque duabus, albis; segmentis mediis ventralibus

longitudinaliter impressis; tibiis anticis maris tridentatis;

processu metasternali elongato porrecto, apice parum

recurvo; prosterno inermi.

Long. corp. lin. 7; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 33.

Habitat in Indiad. In Mus. Higgins.

Pachnoda hilaris, 2. (Pl. VIII. fig. 2.)

Obscure viridis, velutina; scutello, elytris et pronoto

fulvo-rufis, hoe maculis duabus oblongis discoidalibus

viridibus; metasterno utrinque macula magna laterali,

fo)

coxis posticis macula minutaé, abdomine maculis 16, quadru-

plici serie digestis, albis; capite viridi nitido, clypeo emar-

ginato, ante apicem transverse impresso, vertice convexo;

pronoto et scutello impunctatis, illo ante scutellum emar-

ginato, trisinuato, elytris inter medium et suturam longi-

tudinaliter punctato, striatis, lateribus magis irregulariter

punctatis; podice fere impunctato, viridi, utrinque macula

rufo-fulva notato: corpore infra nitido, metasterno utrinque

et femoribus longitudinaliter aciculatis, abdominis seg-

mentis basalibus leviter punctatis, convexis, duabus

apicalibus crebre punctatissimis; pedibus brevibus, tibiis

anticis extus tridentatis; quatuor posticis in medio angu-

latis, intus fulvo-hirtis.

Long. corp. lin. 163; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 8.

Habitat Sierra Leone. In Mus. D. Higgins et Parry.

Anochilia (Pygora) conjuncta, Gory and Percheron,

Descr. de n. Esp. Cetoines de Madag. Silberm. Rev.

Hint. 1.145. (Pl Veli die. 5.)

Nigra, nitida, elytrorum disco castaneo-rufis, maculis

sex rotundis albis apicalibus, pygidio duabus majoribus;

capite punctato, clypeo porrecto quadrato, antice medio

parum emarginato, angulis anticis rotundatis; pronoto fere

levi subhexagono, lateribus in medio angulatis, pone me-

dium fere rectis parallelis, scutello conico apice acuto; elytris

of Exotic Cetoniide. 479

nitidis, humeris valde prominentibus, lateribus pone humeros

profunde emarginatis, intus humeros deplanatis; inter su-

turam et medium disci profunde sulcato-striatis; basi apice

et regione suturali nigris, partibus discoidali et externa

castaneo-rufis ; tuberculis duobus ordinariis subapicalibus

fere obliteratis; pedibus longis, piceo-castaneis: corpore

infra nigro, albido-variegato, lateribus prosterni bimacu-

latis; mesosterno utrinque bimaculato, maculisduabus trans-

versis metasterni lateribus, seementis ventralibus abdominis

convexis in medio vix depressis; maculis transversis late-

ralibus, alterisque subquadratis mediis, albidis; processu

sternali vix porrecto, apice rotundato setoso; maxillis

inermibus (Pl. VIII. fig. 5a), mento apice emarginato,

emarginatura in medio acuta (PI. VIII. fig. 5b); tibiis

anticis bidentatis; tibiis 4 posticis ante apicem oblique

emarginatis, tarsorum articulis intermediis latioribus apice

spinosis, calcari interno pedum 2 posticorum elongato,

apice incurvo subclavato, unguibus longis.

Long. corp. lin. 7; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 3.

Habitat Madagascar. In Mus. Higgins.

The description of this species given by Messrs. Gory and

Percheron is so short and unsatisfactory that I have con-

sidered it useful to publish a figure and full description of it.

Anochilia marginicollis, Westw. (PI. VIII. fig. 7.)

Nigra, nitida, lateribus pronoti et coxarum_ posti-

carum, humeris elytrorum plagisque duabus discoidalibus,

aurantio-rufis; capite punctato, clypeo profunde inciso,

angulis anticis productis acutis ; lateribus profunde canali-

culatis; pronoto glabro dorso parum punctato, lateribus

in medio angulatis, tenue marginatis, parte postica fere

recta parallela, margine postico fere recto, ante scutellum

vix emarginato, scutello longo subtrigono, apice vix acuto ;

elytris dorso planis, lavibus, nitidis, humeris tenue fulvo-

rufis, lateribus pone humeros profunde emarginatis ; singulo

plagA magna subovali ejusdem coloris notato ; pygidio

scabro: corpore infra cum pedibus nigris nitidis, processu

sternali haud producto, obtuso, Jateribus metasternl rude

punctatis, abdominis segmentis ventralibus convexis,

singulo serie media transversa punctorum notato, tibus

anticis tridentatis; 4 posticis in medio extus parum

angulatis vix spina armatis. oy,

Long. corp. lin. 123 5 lat. humer. elytr. lin. im rants

Habitat Madagascar. In Mus. Hopeano Uxonie

Higgins.

480 Mr. J. O. Westwood’s new species

I should have considered this to be the Cetonta cingulata,

Gory and Perch. (Silberm. Rev. Ent. i. p. 129), but

at these authors describe their species as having the

pronotum lobed and the sternum as short and triangular.

Stalagmosoma quadriguttata, Westw. (PI. VIII. fig. 1.)

Angusta, capite nigro, nitido, clypeo parum emarginato,

pronoto carneo-fulvo ‘velutino, maculis duabus subtrigonis

nigris, scutello acute triangulari cum elytris viridibus

velutinis, his per_paria striato-punctatis, ‘singulo guttis

duabus subapicalibus niveis ; PY gidio piceo-rufo, pedibus

corporeque subtus nigris nitidis ; capite punctato, punctis

verticis majoribus; pronoto subtri igono, lateribus et margine

postico rormudans. disco sub lente crebre punctato, tibiis

anticis tridentatis, tiblis quatuor posticis in medio parum

angulatis; segmentis ventralibus ad latera puncto minuto

albo notatis.

Long. corp. lin. 6; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 22.

Habitat in Angola (Rogers). In Mus. Higgins.

The anterior cox, the sternal process, and the hind

edge of the fore femora are clothed with rows of short

luteous hairs; the sternal process itself is not porrected

and transverse; the sides of the metasternum and posterior

cox are marked with numerous curved striz arranged

semicircularly. The abdomen beneath is very olossy,

convex in the unique individual described ; slightly punc-

tured; the pygidium is marked with shallow circular

cicatricose punctures ; the striz of the elytra are arranged

in pairs, and are formed of elongated, slender and often

longitudinally confluent punctures, forming, especially

bey ond the middle of the disc, uninterrupted, slender,

black lines.

Stulagmosoma scalaris, Gory and Perch. Ceton. p. 249,

pl.47, £3. (el VILLA 3.)

Var.— St. nigriceps, Westw.

Angusta, supra saturate viridis, velutina ; capite, corpore

infra, pedibusque nigris, pronoti margine eee tenui fulvo,

elytrorum humeris, fascia lata submedia, lineola tenuis-

sima obliqua sub-basali, alterisque irregularibus inter

fasciam et apicem fulvis; pygidio corporeque subtus

nigris; segmentorum abdominalium margine postico

utrinque tenue albido ; capite subnitido, crebre punctato,

of Exotic Cetoniide. 481

clypeo emarginato, pronoti lateribus et basi elytrorum

varioloso haud profunde punctatis, elytris striato-sub-

punctatis: corpore infra glabro, segmentis ventralibus basi

et apice denticulato-punctatis.

Long. corp. lin. 6; lat. humer. elytr. lin. 23.

Habitat in Africa occidentali tropicali. In Mus.

Higgins.

This prettily marked species has the elytra curiously

longitudinally striated, the strie being arranged in pairs

on each side of the rows of fine punctures, and with the

exception of the sutural curving inwards and terminating

at about two-thirds of the length of the elytra, the apical

portion of which is slightly variolose. The scutellum is

rather long, narrow and obtuse at the tip; the anterior

tibiz are tridentate, the basal tooth nearly obsolete; the

four posterior tibiz are angulated in the middle of the

outer edge rather than spined; the sternal process is not

porrected, it is rather dilated in front and rounded.

The abdominal segments in the unique specimen de-

scribed were convex.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PLATES.

. Goliathus albo-pictus? Q; 1a, mandible, 1), maxilla,

lc, mentum, 1d, mesosternum.

—

Pl. VU. fig.

33 fig. 2. Chalcothea auripes; 2a, mesosternum.

a fig. 3. Glycyphana mediata; 3a, 3b, mesosternum.

a fig. 4. Anatona alboguttata; 4a, mesosternum.

oe fig. 5. Gymnetis subpunctata; da, pro- and meso-sterna.

as fig. 6. Allorhina hypoglauca.

on fig. 7. Parachilia Bufo; 74, 7b, mesosternum.

Pl. VIII. fig. 1. Stalagmosoma 4-guttata; la, clypeus, 1b, 1c, meso-

sternum.

os fig. 2. Pachnoda hilaris; Q 2a, mososternum.

» fig. 8. Stalagmosoma scalaris; 3a, 3b, mesosternum.

S fig. 4. Clinteriatricolorata; 4a, clypeus, 4), 4c, mesosternum.

> fig. 5. Anochilia conjuncta; 5a, maxilla, 53, mentum, 5c,

mesosternum.

> fig. 6. Diaphonia rupficornis; Ga, maxilla, 62, mentum.

fig. 7. Anochilia marginicollis; 7a, mesosternum.

be)

fig. 8. Huryomia 4-maculata; 8a, clypeus, 82, 8c, mesosternum,

3”

( 483 )

XXIV. Descriptions of new genera and species of

Pselaphidee and Scydmenidx from Australia

and New Zealand. By D. SHarpe.

[Read 2nd November, 1874.]

I mAvE much pleasure in offering to the Society the

following descriptions of some small but interesting

Coleoptera from the Antipodes. The insects described

in this paper have been received by me from several

sources; the Australian species from H. Edwards, Esq.

(now of San Francisco), and Mr. Du Boulay, of West

Australia; while the New Zealand species have been sent

me by Mr. Edwards and by Mr. T. Lawson, of Auckland,

through his brother, Mr. R. Lawson, of Scarborough.

Forty-four new species are here described, three of

which belong to the family Scydmenide. I have about

twenty other species of Scydmenide from Australia,

most of which are apparently undescribed; but as many

of these species are represented by but a single specimen,

I have not thought it advisable to describe them, especially

as I believe we may expect a paper from Dr. Schaufuss,

of Dresden (who has acquired the rich material accu-

mulated by Count Castlenau in this family), and who has

such an extensive knowledge of these insects.

Of the family Pselaphide forty-one species are described ;

twenty-six from Australia, fifteen from New Zealand. No

species of the family from New Zealand has been yet

made known, so that these fifteen species contribute an

important addition to our knowledge of the New Zealand

fauna. These fifteen species I have distributed in six

genera, two of which are considered new ; while the other

four are already described genera, all of which occur in

Europe. It would, however, be incorrect to conclude

from this fact that the New Zealand Pselaphide display

a great affinity with the European Pselaphide ; for it is

probable that ultimately it will be considered correct to

establish three other genera for species which I have placed

in the genera Tyrus and Bryazis ; so that it would per-

haps be more correct to state that the fifteen species of

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

484 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

New Zealand Pselaphide hereafter described belong to

eight genera, two of which, viz., Pselaphus and Euplectus,

are of wide distribution ; : while the other six will probably

prove peculiar to the New Zealand islands and to Australia.

Even, however, if the above data should be correct, it

would still be very unwise to make any comparisons of the

New Zealand fauna with other faunas from them, for the

value to be ascribed to the genus is so vague and un-

certain, that it is far better to base considerations of the

kind alluded to on facts connected with species. If this

be done with the New Zealand Pselaphide, we then

remark that, in the first place, all the species known are

peculiar to the islands, and next that the proportion of

interesting forms is large. The Dalma pubescens stands

so completely on the line between the groups Pselaphint

and Euplectini, that these two groups can only in future

be considered as two groups connected by a completely

intermediate existing link, or synthetic type, as it would

more ordinarily be. coiled: Again, the four species

described under the generic name Sagola are very in-

teresting, owing to their close relationship with our

anomalous European Faronus Lafertet.

I am inclined, therefore, to conclude that New Zealand

is rich in Pselaphide (for it is certain that the fifteen

species here made known can be but a small part of the

species actually existing in the islands), and also that a

considerable portion of the species will prove to be of an

interesting and important nature.

I cannot pass by this opportunity of alluding to the

great scientific importance that attaches to an accurate

knowledge of the New Zealand fauna; and to the special

importance of gaining as rapidly as possible a knowledge

of its existing Coleoptera. There is, in my opinion, no

part of the world that possesses such an immediate claim

to the attention of Entomologists as do the New Zealand

islands. They form, according to Huxley, one of the

four great fauna-provinces of the world. They are

remarkably isolated, and occupy a position of peculiar

importance in the southern hemisphere: while what we

actually know of their fauna, promises us a large propor-

tion of primordial forms and of synthetic types, and of

remarkable developments. But while we have great rea-

son to hope that a knowledge of the New Zealand fauna

will contribute largely to the solution of many important

scientific questions, we have on the other hand only too

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 485

great reason to fear that the fauna itself is rapidly dis-

appearing. Many causes may be suggested for this fact.

The islands are stretched over a large space from north to

south, and but a small one from east to west: and it is

probable therefore that a large proportion of the species

have small areas of distribution, and can therefore be

easily killed out, while the great change that the coloniza-

tion of the country and the cultivation of its soil must

cause, assure us that such will certainly be the case. And

it would, moreover, be probably correct to add that it is in

all probability just the most interesting forms that are the

first to disappear in such cases.

Under these circumstances, while thanking greatly those

Entomologists who have commenced the collection of ma-

terial for a fauna of these islands, I think we are warranted

in asking them to persevere assiduously with their re-

searches, and more particularly to neglect no opportunity

of examining such portions of the islands as are at present

free from what may, in a zoological sense, be correctly

called the ravages of civilization.

PSELAPHID 2.

Ctenistes impressus, n. sp. Rufescens, antennis minus

elongatis, prothorace subtransverso, lateribus evidenter

calloso, impressione intermedia basali antice sub-furcata,

elytris brevibus. Long. corp. vix 1; mm.

Mas, pectore profunde impresso, abdomine segmento 3°

ventrali medio late leviter impresso.

Antenne rather short, first and second joints short, rather

thicker than the following ones ; joints 3—7 scarcely differing

from one another, rather slender, each about aslong as broad ;

8 and 9 distinctly broader than 7th, each about as long as

broad; 10th joint rather stouter than 9th, scarcely so long

as broad; 11th joint elongate and rather stout, about as

long as the three preceding joints together, it 1s distinctly

stouter than the 10th joint, but its length is not quite

twice its width. Head small, with the anterior tubercles

short, and connate, the fovea behind them indistinct; the

two fovex on the vertex, separated from one another only

by a narrow space; the eyes small. Thorax much nar-

rower than the elytra, about as long as broad, the sides

distinctly dilated; the sides and front of the middle basal

fovea are obscurely elevated, so that the fovea has a slight

486 My. D. dSharp’s descriptions of new genera

appearance of being forked in front. Elytra much nar-

rowed. at the shoulders, distinctly longer than the thorax,

each with a sutural and a discoidal stria, and with a few

short scale-like hairs, their depressed extremity densely

set with such hairs. Hind body thickly margined, rather

short.

West Australia.

This species much resembles the insect described by

King as Tmesiphorus vernalis, but is smaller, and has

much shorter antenne, and the hairs of the upper surface

are much fewer, coarser and more scale-like, and its eyes

are much smaller.

Ctenistes simplex, n. sp. Rufescens, antennis brevibus,

prothorace leviter transverso, elytris thorace plus dimidio

longioribus. Long. corp. 14 mm.

to} 5 I Ry

Antenne short, joints 3—9 small and differing little

from one another ; the 8th and 9th not broader, but rather

shorter than the 7th; 10th joint distinctly broader than

9th, not so long as broad; 11th joint thick, more than

twice as long, and nearly twice as broad as the 10th.

Head small, with the tubercles in front very short.

Thorax much narrower than the elytra, not quite so long

as broad, the sides but little dilated in the middle; the

central fovea rather large, the lateral one indistinct.

Elytra considerably narrowed at the shoulders, about one

and a half times as long as the thorax.

Victoria: sent by Henry Edwards, Esq. I am not

sure of the sex of the three individuals I have of this

species. The C. stmplex is closely allied to C. impressus,

and is about the same size as that species, but 1s broader

behind. Independently of the structure of the antennze

(the differences of which may be sexual), the two species

may be distinguished by the shorter thorax of C. sim-

plex and its simple, well-defined central fovea. C. sim-

plex is also closely allied to T'mesiphorus vernalis, King,

but is shorter, has the eyes smaller, and the thorax more

transverse.

Ctenistes parvus, n. sp. Castaneus, nitidus, angustus,

antennis sat elongatis, prothorace haud transverso, lateribus

haud dilatatis. Long. corp. vix 14 mm.

Antenne rather long, and for this genus slender, joints

3—7 small, slender and bead-like ; joints 8—10 distinctly,

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 487

but not greatly elongate; 8th joint rather @

broad, 9th scarcely so long as sth: 10th ae

than 9th, about as long as broad; 11th joint elongate

about as long as the three preceding joints together quite

twice as long as broad. Head small, with the tubercles

in front very short, the eyes small. Thorax quite as long

as broad, the sides not dilated in the middle, so that it is

not narrower at the base than in the middle, and is but

little narrowed towards the front, the central fovea distinct

the lateral ones indistinct. Elytra about one and a half

times as long as the thorax, not greatly wider at the

extremity than at the shoulders.

Victoria: sent to me by Henry Edwards, Esq.

The single specimen described is, I dare say, a male.

This is the smallest species of the genus with which I am

acquainted,

Tyrus mutandus, n. sp. Rufescens, antice angustatus,

sat dense setosus, impunctatus ; pedibus elongatis; ely-

trorum strié suturali basi foveolato. Long. 12 mm.

Antennx longer than head and thorax, reddish-yellow,

Ist and 2nd joints about equally stout; Ist longer than

2nd; 2nd about as long as broad; 3, 4, 5 about equal in

length, each a little longer than broad; joints 6, 7, 8

shehtly shorter than the preceding joints, especially the

8th; 9th joint stouter and longer than the 8th, about as

long as broad; 10th joint slightly broader and a little

shorter than 9th, not quite so long as broad; 11th joint

stout, oval, as long as the two preceding ones, but stouter

than they are. Head narrow, not half the width of the

elytra, the antenne approximate at their imsertion, the

tubercles contiguous but separated by a well-marked

channel, on each side near the eye is a distinct fovea; the

vertex is elevated, smooth and shining. Thorax longer

than broad, only about half as broad as the elytra, much

narrowed in front, behind the middle with a very deeply-

impressed curved line, which terminates on each side in a

deep but ill-defined impression ; it has no punctures, but is

clothed with a short upright pubescence. Elytra bright

reddish-yellow, much narrowed at the shoulders, each with

a sutural stria which is very deeply impressed at the base,

and outside this a short, deep and broad humeral im-

pression; they have no punctuation, but are clothed,

especially about the sides, with a long, fine, upright, pale

488 Myr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

pubescence. Hind body short and convex, pubescent,

the first seement only slightly longer than the second.

Legs long and slender, the claws of the tarsi small.

Auckland, N. Zealand: two specimens sent by Mr.

Lawson. They show no differences from one another,

and I do not know their sex.

This insect, though its characters agree in the main

with those of Tyrus mucronatus, in its appearance and

form comes much nearer the genus Tychus ; and though

it cannot be associated with that genus on account of the

double claws, it will probably be ultimately referred -to

a distinct genus. The maxillary palpi appear in their

structure to be about intermediate between the two genera.

They are about as long as the head, 2nd joint very slender

at the base, abruptly dilated towards the es xtremity ; 3rd

joimt subelobular, but its point of insertion forms a very

short stalk; 4th joint oval, but with a distinct fine stalk at

its base.

Tyrus mirandus,n. sp. Pube erecta vestitus; capite

prothoraceque nigris, elytris sanguineis, abdomine castaneo,

pedibus palpisque rufescentibus; antennis crassis; pro-

thorace cordato; elytris basi quadrifoveolatis, stria dis-

coidali nullé; abdomine subelongato, segmento quarto

dorsali tertio longiore. Long. corp. fere 3 mm.

Mas, metasterno basi medio utrinque excavato, tro-

chanteribus intermediis sublaminatis, margine posteriore

medio dente brevi, acuminato; trochanteribus posticis pro-

minentibus, acuminatis, abdomine apice impressione magna

transversa; tibiis posticis intus ante apicem spina elongata

armatis.

Antennz stout, moderately long, dusky reddish, a little

thickened towards the extremity, lst joint twice as long as

the 2nd, 2nd about as long as broad; of joints 3—8 each

one is slightly broader than its predecessor, the 4th joint

bemg about as long as broad, the 8th distinctly transverse ;

joints 9 and 10 rather broader than the 8th, and rather

strongly transverse; 11th jomt about as broad as, and

quite twice as long as the 10th; it is pointed at the

extremity. Maxillary palpi with their last joint rather

large, ovate, much broader than its predecessors. Head

with the frontal tubercles distinct but flattened, and

evidently separated; also with three rather large fover,

the front one of which is placed immediately behind the

and species of Pselaphide and Seydmenide. 489

channel separating the tubercles, and it has also a fourth,

less distinct, impression on the vertex. Thorax small in

proportion to the after-body, much narrowed, the sides in

the middle as it Were explanate, with three fover of which

the middle one is very distinct, and is connected with the

base of the thorax by a fine short channel. Elytra longer

than the thorax, with a distinct sutural stria which is

impressed at the base, and has at the bottom of the im-

pression at the extreme base a small pubescent fovea; out-

side this there is a deep humeral impression, at the extreme

base of which is a still smaller pubescent fovea. The hind

body is rather elongate ; the first, second and third dorsal

segments rather elongate and about equal to one another,

the fourth segment still more elongate and deflexed. The

claws of the tarsi two, unequal.

A single specimen of this very fine insect has been sent

me from Victoria, by Henry Edwards, Esq. It is a very

anomalous species; and though no doubt it will have to

be placed as a genus quite distinct from Tyrus, I haye

contented myself at present with indicating its more

important visible characters, without making a generic

name for it, the single specimen I possess not allowing of

an examination of its generic characters in a satisfactory

manner.

TYRAPHUS, nov. gen.

Corpus elongatum, depressum. Caput sat elongatum,

fronte canaliculato. Antenne basi approximate, 11-arti-

culate. Palpi maxillares mediocres, articulo primo haud

observato ; 2° sat elongato, leviter curvato, apicem versus

crassiore; 3° brevi; 4° brevi, ceteris crassiore, subtriangulari.

Metasternum elongatum. Abdomen sat elongatum, mar-

ginatum, segmento primo magno, ceteris abbreviatis.

Cox postice distantes, haud prominule. ‘Tarsi un-

guiculo singulo.

The species: composing this genus appear to be closely

allied to the species of Pselaphus ; nevertheless the struc-

ture of the maxillary palpi (especially as regards their

terminal joint) seems to me to necessitate their separation

as a genus.

Tyraphus planus, n. sp. Depressus, sat clongatus,

antice angustatus, testaceus, nitidus, capite prothoraceque

opacis; hoc latitudine fere longiore, basin versus angus-

490 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

tato, ante basin obsoletissime curvatim-impresso; elytro-

rum apice abdominisque basi dense glanduloso-pubescente.

Long. corp. 13 mm.

Mas, metasterno apice medio profunde impresso, ab-

domine segmento primo ventrali late sat profunde longi-

tudinaliter impresso, apice medio tuberculo minuto.

Fem., metasterno apice obsolete impresso, abdomine

simplice.

Rather shorter than Pselaphus Heisei, more depressed,

and with the hind body narrower. Antennz not quite so

long as head and thorax, rather stout, first joint stout,

moderately long; 2nd joint also stout; 3rd joint about

as long as broad; joints 4—8 scarcely differing from one

another, small. ech not so broad as long; 9th joint short,

a little broader than 8th; 10th distinctly broader than the

9th, very transverse ; 11th joint pointed, stout, broader than

the 10th joint, and about as long as the three preceding

joints together. Maxillary palpi about half the length of

the antenne. Head with the frontal processes flat, elongate,

and separated by a distinct channel, which terminates behind

in arather deep impression, formed by two confluent fovez,

which is placed between the eyes. Thorax only about half

as broad as the elytra, rather longer than broad, the sides

very finely mar cined, the ereatest width in front of the

middle, from whence it is much narrowed both in front

and metas ; it has on each side behind the middle, close to

the side margin, a very minute dot or fovea, and there are

some faint traces of these being connected by a curved

impression ; the upper surface of the thorax is peculiarly

dull, and on examination by a high power of the micro-

scope, it is seen that this shibeede arises from a very fine

and dense granular sculpture; the sides of the thorax

bear some fine curved hairs, and there are also a few such

hairs on its upper surface. Elytra longer than the thorax,

a little narrowed at the shoulders, each with a sutural, and

a fine curved discoidal stria, and with some fine hairs in-

distinctly arranged in rows, and at the extremity with some

very dense olandular pubescence. Hind body with a sharp

raised margin, and bearing scattered fine hairs; its basal

seoment shining, elongate, and furnished at the ‘base with

dense pubescence, the other segments very short. Legs

rather short and stout.

West Australia: three specimens collected by Du

Boulay.

and species of Pselaphide and Soyedntenaies 491

Tyraphus brevis, n. sp. Antice castaneus, opacus,

postice rufo-testaceus, nitidus; prothorace latitudine haud

Jongiore. Long. corp. 14 mm.

_ Dhis species, of which I have seen only a single female

individual, is very closely allied to the 7. planus, but is

more dilated behind, and has the thorax, and the front

part of the head, very evidently shorter; the antenne are

also a trifle shorter, and I have no doubt these characters

indicate a distinct species.

West Australia; collected by Du Boulay.

Tyraphus major, n. sp. Antice castaneus, opacus,

postice rufo-testaceus, nitidus; oculis magnis, fortiter

granulatis; prothorace latitudine longiore. Long. corp.

2mm.

Antenne rather stout, quite as long as head and thorax,

basal joint stout and rather long; 2nd joint not half so long

as the first ; joints 3—8 rather stout, differing little from

one another; 9 and 10 short, stouter than the preceding

joints ; 11th quite as long as two preceding joints together,

broader than the 10th, pointed at the extremity. Maxillary

palpi not half so long as the antenne. Head with the

frontal processes separated by a fine channel, which ends

behind in a depression placed behind the eyes, these large

and very coarsely facetted. Thorax narrow and rather

elongate. The glandular pubescence at the extremity of

elytra dense and elongate. The apical four dorsal seg-

ments of hind body quite distinct, and, taken together, as

long as the first segment.

Champion Bay, W. Australia, collected by Du Boulay ;

the only specimen I have seen I suspect to be a male,

though the metasternum and hind body are not im-

pressed; the species, though closely allied to 7. planus and

brevis, is larger, and has more developed antenne, much

larger eyes, and the apical segments of hind body less

abbreviated.

Pselaphus mundus, n. sp. Rufescens, minus elongatus,

setis brevissimis parce vestitus; vertice brevi, indistincte

canaliculato ; prothorace minus elongato, impresslone basali

curvata profundé. Long. corp. 13 mm.

This species has the head and thorax less elongate than

is usual in the genus Pselaphus, and in this respect, as

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.) LL

492 Mr. D. Sharp's descriptions of new genera

well as in the structure of the maxillary palpi, appears to

stand intermediate between P. lineatus and P. clavatus,

King. The antenne are similar in structure to those of

P, lineatus, but scarcely so long. The maxillary palpi are

moderately long, and the slender basal portion of the termi-

nal joint is not quite so long as the dilated extremity. The

eyes are placed close to the back of the head, and the

vertex is a little swollen on each side, and has an indistinet

channel along its middle; between the eyes is a depression

formed by two foveee, confluent in front, but indistinctly

separated behind. ‘The thorax is about as broad as long,

and the curved basal impression is- entire and very deep

and distinct. The elytra are longer than the thorax, aud

have a sutural, and a fine curved discoidal stria. The

upper surface of this species possesses no long curved

hairs, but is sprinkled with very fine short depressed ones.

Victoria. The single specimen sent me by H. Edwards,

Esq. is, I believe, a female. As I have remarked above,

the species appears intermediate between P. clavatus and

P. lineatus; as regards the former of these names, it

appears to me highly probable that the var. Edwardsii of

Mr. King should form a distinct species from the P. ela-

vatus; Mr. King gives two figures of the maxillary palpi

of P. clavatus (without any explanation), and it appears

to me that the two figures evidently refer to two different

species. I should, perhaps, therefore have been more

correct in saying that the P. mundus is intermediate

between P. lineatus and P. Edwardsii.

Pselaphus pauper, un. sp. Rufo-castaneus, nitidus; capite

medio impressione magné; prothorace elongato, impres-

sione basali curvataé bene distincta; elytris strié discoidali

sat profunde impressa. Long. corp. 24 mm.

Obs.—P. lineato King, peraflinis; prothoracis impres-

sione magis profunda, ejusque parte basali nitida, elytro-

rumque stria discoidali bene distincta, differt.

Antenne longer than head and thorax, the 9th joint but

little thickened. Head with the channel between the

frontal processes rather broad, and terminating between

the eyes in a deep impression, which is continued back-

wards along the vertex. Thorax not more than half the

width of the elytra, longer than broad, not much dilated

in the middle, in front of the base with a deep curved

impression, the part behind this shining like the rest of

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 493

the upper surface. Elytra longer than the thorax, much

narrowed at the shoulders, each with a sutural, and a very

distinct curved discoidal stria; they are quite shining and

furnished with a few fine curved hairs. Hind body rather

densely set with very fine depressed hairs,

New Zealand (Hokitika). The four specimens of this

species sent me by Mr. Edwards, show no characters to

distinguish the sexes, and I suppose them to be all females.

Pselaphus tenuis, n. sp. Castaneus, nitidus, angustus,

prothorace simplice, latitudine longiore. Long. corp. vix

15 mm.

Mas, metasterno, medio tuberculis duobus, postice de-

presso, abdomine segmento 1° ventrali late impresso, apice

mutico.

A small and very slender species. Maxillary palpi long

and slender, the thick part of the last joint scarcely so long

as its slender stalk. Antenne elongate, slender, the three

last joints long, and only a little incrassate. Head with

a deep impression between the eyes, the vertex short.

Thorax longer than broad, but little dilated in the middle,

smooth and shining, without basal impression. Elytra

narrow, longer than the thorax, with a sutural, and fine

curved discoidal stria.

Victoria. <A single specimen received from H. Edwards.

This species, remarkable from its simple thorax, 1s some-

what allied to the P. lineatus, King, but its smaller size

and more slender structure, and the shorter vertex, in

conjunction with the male characters, render it very dis-

tinct.

GERALLUS, nov. gen.

Antennz 11-articulate, apice clavate basi modice ap-

proximate. Caput ante antennarum insertionem, sat

elongatum, deflexum, oculis lateralibus. Palpi maxillares

valde elongati, articulo tertio elongato. Pedes graciles,

tarsis unguiculis duobus parvis; intermedii trochanter1-

bus elongatis, femoribus a coxis bene separatis ; coxis pos-

ticis distantibus, haud prominentibus. Abdomen margi-

natum, breve. Corpus convexum, antice pi leeker oar

This genus appears to be allied to both phe we

Tychus, but it has the antenne more separate er ne

insertion than either of those genera. It is readily is-

tinguished from Tyrus by Se ba cage maxillary palpi:

LLa

494 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

its structure appears to be very much that of Tychus, but

it is distinguished therefrom by the elongate intermediate

trochanters, by the double unguiculi, and by the last joint

of the maxillary palpi, which though elongate is not secu-

riform. The genus also rather closely approaches Bythinus,

and indicates in an incontrovertible manner that the posi-

tion of that genus is near T'ychus. Tyrus palpalis and

Tyrus subulatus, King, must be referred to the genus

Gerallus; and for the present also Tyrus formosus,

King, should be located in the genus, though this latter

species is apparently almost as much allied to the Durbos

priscus. Bryaxis protervus, from Japan, appears greatly

to approach Gerallus in its general structure, so that the

affinities of the genus are complex.

Gerallus nanus, n. sp. Dilute brunneus, capite obso-

lete punctato, inter oculos foveis duabus parvis; thorace

basin versus angustato, simplice, vix punctato: elytris sat

crebre fortiter punctatis, stria suturali, impressioneque sat

elongata intra-humerali. Long. corp. 14 mm.

Mas, femoribus intermediis margine anteriore medio

emarginato ; abdomine segmentis ventralibus brevissimis.

Fem., femoribus intermediis simplicibus, abdomine seg-

mentis ventralibus brevibus.

Maxillary palpi not much shorter than the antenne ;

2nd joint with a slender long stalk, its apical portion

dilated, oval; 3rd joint oval, but with a short slender basal

stalk ; 4th joint fusiform. Antennz longer than head and

thorax; the jomts 1—8 rather slender; 9th joint con-

siderably larger and broader than its predecessor; 10th

slightly broader, and about as long as 9th; 11th joint

stout, as long as the two preceding ones together, pointed

at the extremity. Head much narrower than the thorax,

with the frontal tubercles short, and distinctly but not

widely separated, the part in front of the insertion of an-

tenne rather elongate and deflexed; on each side near the

eye is a very small fovea. Thorax convex, small, only

about half as broad as the elytra, not so long as broad,

much narrowed behind, without foveze or impressions, and

scarcely visibly punctured. Elytra much longer than the

thorax, distinctly narrowed at the shoulders, coarsely and

moderately closely punctured, each with a fine sutural

stria, and a broader impression at the base between this

and the shoulder. Legs long and slender,

and species of Pselaphide and Seydmenide. 495

West. Australia ; collected by Du Boulay. Tyrus pal-

palis, King, is rather closely allied to this species, but has

the head and thorax strongly punctured, and the palpi

more slender.

Durpos, nov. gen.

Antenne 11-articulate, sensim clavate, basi sat dis-

tantes. Palpi maxillares elongati, articulo 2° basi gracile

apice distincte incrassato, 3° elongato, 4° longiore, hoe

subovali. Caput breve, oculis ad angulos posticos sitis.

Prothorax parvus, simplex. Abdomen sat elongatum,

marginatum, segmento 1° dorsali, 2° plus duplo longiore.

Trochanteribus intermediis minus elongatis. Coxis pos-

terioribus distantibus ; tarsis unguiculis duobus parvis.

This genus in many respects closely approaches Bry-

axis, but is distinguished therefrom by the elongate max-

illary palpi, and the two (minute) claws of the tarsi. It

also approaches nearly to Gerallus, but has the maxillary

palpi less elongate, the antennx more distant at their inser-

tion, the head less rostrate, and the eyes placed at the

hinder angles instead of at the sides; the hind body more

elongate. Tyrus formosus, King, is however in some of

these points intermediate between the two genera.

Durbos priscus, n. sp. Castaneo-testaceus, sat nitidus,

fere impunctatus; capite obsolete bifoveolato ; thorace

parvo, medio ante basin foveolé minutissima; elytris stra

suturali, striaque discoidali ante apicem desinente. Long.

corp. 14 mm.

Antenne slender, much longer than head and thorax,

the basal joint rather long, slightly thicker than the fol-

lowing ones, joints 9—11 forming a long slender club.

Head small, but with large prominent eyes, 1ts upper sur-

face flat, with the frontal tubercles very faintly marked,

and with two minute fovee between the eyes. Maxillary

palpi pale yellow, nearly half as long as the antennas

Thorax small, not much more than half as broad a the

elytra, not so long as broad, narrowed towards the ae

with the front angles rounded. _ Elytra longer than ee

thorax, moderately narrowed at the shoulders, each it Le

fine sutural stria, and also with a very fine discoida in

which does not extend to the extremity. Hind body wit B

the first dorsal segment shining and impunctate, on eac

496 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

side near the margin with a short indistinct line or plica.

Legs long and slender.

I have seen but a single specimen of this species; it has

the metasternum deeply channelled, and may therefore be

a male, though I notice no other characters to indicate

this. It comes from Champion Bay, W. Australia.

Bryazis optata,n. sp. Rufescens, abdomine sanguineo,

elytris sanguineis, antennis articulis penultimis obscuris;

capite vertice foveis duabus, fronte profunde impressa ;

thorace utrinque foveolato, foveis lineé impressa conjunctis ;

elytris stria suturali profunda, alteraque discoidali ante

apicem desinente, epipleuris linea profunda impressa.

Long. corp. 24 mm.

Mas, abdomine subtus segmentis basalibus abbreviatis,

seemento ultimo late depresso basi medio leviter elevato.

Fem. incog.

This species is interesting on account of its resemblance

to and real affinity with our European Bryazis sanguinea;

it is, however, considerably broader than B. sanguinea,

and has the antennz much shorter, their penultimate joints

being transverse, and the thorax shows no trace of the

central fovea which exists in B. sanguinea.

The male characters are quite different from those of

B. sanguinea.

Victoria: a single specimen sent by Mr. Edwards.

Bryaxis recta, n. sp. Castanea, nitida, setis erectis sat

crebre vestita; antennis articulis penultimis nigricantibus,

ultimo testaceo; vertice foveis duabus; thorace utrinque

foveolato, foveis lineé curvaté profunda conjunctis; elytris

stria suturali, alteraque discoidali ante apicem desinente,

epipleuris linea profunde impressé. Long. corp. 2—

5 mm.

Antenne moderately long and slender, the 9th joint

distinctly broader than the 8th, and transverse; 10th joint

broader than the 9th, also transverse. The elytra have

the sutural stria deep and well marked; their discoidal

stria is fine; it starts from a deep intra-humeral impression,

and does not reach the extremity.

This species is closely allied to the Bryazis hortensis,

King; and differs chiefly in that the very fine short de-

pressed pubescence of B. hortensis is replaced in B. recta

by rather long, fine, upright hairs. The antennz also

and species of Psclaphide and Sceydmenide. 497

differ in their colour, and are more thickened at the ex-

tremity.

The species is probably common in West Australia, as

it has been-captured both by Du Boulay and Brewer.

The specimens show me no sexual character ; they have

the metasternum deeply impressed along the middle.

B. hortensis, described by King, from Paramatta, is also

found in West Australia.

Bryaxis inflata, n. sp. Pilosa, nitida, rufescens, capite

prothoraceque picescentibus ; vertice foveis duabus magnis;

prothorace basi trifoveolato, foveis lateralibus magnis, sulco

curvato profundo conjunctis; elytris abbreviatis, apice

utrinque fortiter sinuatis, estriatis; abdomine valde con-

vexo; metasterno brevissimo. Long. corp. 2} mm.

Mas, abdomine segmento 2° ventrali apice medio leviter

emarginato, seg. 4° basi tuberculo parvo, 6° leviter im-

presso.

Antenne pilose, rather stout, 5th joint distinctly longer

than the contiguous ones; 9th joint hardly broader than the

8th; 10th transverse, nearly twice as broad as the 9th; ie Ith

joint large, a little broader than the 10th, distinctly pointed

at the extremity. Apical joints of maxillary palpi stout.

The part of the head in front of the antenne distinctly

rostrate ; the upper surface of the head with two very large

pubescent fovez between the eyes. Thorax subglobose,

in front of the base with a very deep curved impression,

terminating on each side in a large fovea, and in its

middle impressed with a small and not very distinct fovea.

Elytra not longer than the thorax, rounded at the sides

nd greatly narrowed at the base; convex, without striz or

humeral impression, but emarginate on each side at the

extremity. Hind body very convex, all its dorsal seg-

ments about equal in length. :

Of this very distinct species several specimens have been

sent from Auckland, N. Z., by Mr. T. Lawson.

Bryaxis micans, n. sp. Rufescens, nitida, pia rae

i i i ree vestita; ite fr lepressa

setis elongatis, erectis parce vestita; capite mene dey ; nie

vertice bifoveolato; prothorace elongato, simplice; elytrs

5 A

: A 9 af iscol a. Oo.

strid suturali minus distincta, discoidali nulla. Long

corp. 1? mm. i : wf.

j 1 inato, arti-

Mas, antennis articulo 5° magno, intus acum! oan

culis 9—11 distortis; metasterno medio 1mpresso;

498 Myr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

chanteribus anterioribus spinaé tenui; abdomine segmento

2° ventrali ante apicem tuberculis duobus, apice setifor-

mibus subito recurvis.

Fem. incog.

6 Antenne rather stout, Ist joint elongate, quite as

long as the three following joints together, ‘these scarcely

differing from one another ; 5th joint elongate, i inwardly

projecting and angulate, joints 9, 10 and 11 forming a

distorted club; the 10th joint is broader than the 9th, Dut

has its base cut away on one side, and its apical portion

projecting; the 11th joint is large, and it also is irregu-

larly formed, its base being broad and oblique, and the

articulation not in the middle but on one side. Head

depressed in front, so that the antennal tubercles are dis-

tinct, and between the eyes with two distinct fovee.

Thorax narrow and elongate, longer than broad, the sides

prominent in the middle, the base margined; on each side,

behind the projecting part of the thorax, and obscured by

it, there is a not very easily seen fovea. LElytra longer

than the thorax, with a fine sutural stria, but otherwise

without strize or depressions. The whole of the upper

surface is shining, and impunctate, but bears some long,

sparing, fine hairs.

Mr. Edwards has sent me two specimens of this species

taken in New Zealand, but with no indication of what

part of the islands they were found in.

Bryaxis dispar, n. sp. Piceo-rufa, nitida, setis elon-

gatis tenuissimis parcius vestita; vertice bifoveolato, fronte

depressa; prothorace simplice, ‘latitudine hand longiore ;

elytris stria suturali distincta, discoidali nulla. Long.

corp. 24 mm.

Mas, antennis 10-articulatis, articulis duobus ultimis

extus concavis: trochanteribus anterioribus spina tenui

elongata armatis; abdomine segmento 2° ventrali ante

apicem processis tenuibus duobus leviter recuryis insigne.

é Antenne longer than head and thorax, 1st joint

scarcely so long as the two following together; 5th joint

longer, but scarcely stouter than the contiguous ones;

sth joint small, scarcely so large as the 7th; 9th joint

large, cut away on one side, so as to leave the apical

portion prominent on that side; 11th joimt large, much

broader in one direction than in the other, and “with one

of the two broad faces impressed or concave. Head with

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 499

the front much depressed in the middle, and the vertex

with two large fovee. Thorax much narrower than the

elytra, about as long as broad, the sides dilated a little in

front of the middle, and on each side there is an indis-

tinct fovea behind the dilated part. Elytra much longer

than the thorax, with a deep and distinct sutural stria,

but without other impressions. Legs long, and rather

slender.

The whole of the upper surface is shining and impune-

tate, and bears some long, fine hairs.

I have received five specimens, all males, of this species,

—taken at Auckland, New Zealand,—from Mr. Edwards.

Besides the five males, I have also received from

Mr. Edwards a single female, which I suspect strongly

is the female of B. micans. It resembles the ¢ B. micans

exactly in size, colour and facies, but differs therefrom in

the absence of the spines on the trochanters and abdomen,

and by its unimpressed metasternum; its head is a little

smaller, and the frontal depression less, and the vertical

foveze are much smaller. But the most striking character

that distinguishes it is that the antenne are 11-jointed, the

9th joint being intermediate in size between the 8th and

10th joints; the 10th and 11th joints are smaller than in

the ¢, and without any excavations. A comparison of

the antenne of the two sexes renders it evident that it is

the 9th joint that has disappeared in the male sex, and, on

examination, I feel pretty clear that the disparity has

arisen by the complete anchylosis of the 9th and 10th

joints of the male antenne.

Bryaxis deformis, n. sp. (%). Rufescens, nitida, setis

elongatis tenuissimis parcius vestita ; capite quadrifoveo-

lato (foveis frontalibus antice minus discretis) ; prothorace

simplice; elytris strié suturali profunda, discoidahi nulla;

pedibus quatuor anterioribus deformibus (tibus extus cur-

vatis). Long. corp. 2 mm.

This species closely resembles the ¢ of B. dispar, but

has the antenne shorter and stouter, and has two fover in

the frontal depression, which appear quite distinct and

separate when viewed from above, but less so when looked

at from the front. The four front tibize are extremely re-

markable, as from the middle to the extremity they are

much bent outwards ; this form 1s so remarkable that Ae

first supposed the legs were deformed, but after a carefu

500 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

examination I have concluded that it is more probably

natural, Except for the characters mentioned above, the

insect closely resembles the ¢ B. dispar.

A single individual has been sent me by Mr. Edwards

from New Zealand, but with no more special locality m-

dicated.

Bryaxis impar,n. sp. Rufescens, nitida, glabra, vertice

bifoveolato; clypeo antice transversim impresso; elytris

strié suturali minus profunda. Long. corp. 1} mm.

Mas, antennis 10-articulatis, art. 9° maximo; meta-

sterno late sed parum profunde impresso; abdomine seg-

mento basali ventrali apice bituberculato.

Fem., antennis 1l-articulatis, art. 9°, 10°que trans-

versis ; metasterno abdomineque simplicibus.

Antenne stout and short (except for the two terminal

joints in the male); the basal joint short, its visible part

not longer than the 2nd joint ; the 9th joint in the male ex-

cessively developed, longer than broad, and on the inside

it is a little cut away at the extremity, and the 10th joint

in the same sex is only about half the bulk of the 9th; in

the female the 7th and 8th joints are extremely small; the

9th joint is also very short, but much broader than the ‘sth; :

and the 10th joint, which is also short and very transver se,

is considerably broader than the 9th, the 11th joint being

comparatively large. The head is smooth and shining ; it

has in the frontal depression two indistinct fovese, and the

vertex has also two very small foveze. The thorax is about

as long as broad, smooth and shining, without impressions

or fover.

The elytra are very elongate, quite smooth and shining,

and show only on each a single fine sutural stria. The

hind body is very short and deflexed; the legs are slender.

This little species was collected at Auckland, by Mr. T.

Lawson.

Bry ‘yaris grata, i. sp. Rufescens, nitida, fere glabra;

antenn in utroque sexu 1]-articulate, articulis penultimis

parvis; clypeo antice aequali haud impresso; prothorace

ante basin linea curvata impress, medio desinente ; elytris

strié suturali distincta, plicAque intra-humerali obsoleta ;

capite subtus medio linea longitudinali elevaté valde dis-

| pedibus minus elongatis. Long. corp. 13 mm.

(vix

Mas, vertice bifoveolato; metasterno late impresso ;

and species of Psclaphide and Sceydmenide. 501

abdomine seemento 2°, 6°que transversim foveolatis (seg-

mento 5° medio omnino carente), fi

Femina, vertice xquali; metasterno abdomineque haud

impressis.

Antenne (only differing in the sexes in that those of the

male are slightly longer than those of the female) with the

first joint short, its visible part about as long as the 2nd

joint ; 3rd joint more slender than and about as long as the

2nd joint; jomts 4—10 bead-like, the 10th differing but

little from the others; 11th joint abruptly larger, obtusely

pointed. Thorax about as long as broad, smooth and

shining, without foveze but immediately in front of the base

transversely depressed, the depression leaving, however, the

middle untouched. Elytra elongate, nearly twice as long

as the thorax, each with a well-marked sutural stria, and

an indistinct intra-humeral impression. Hind body very

short.

This species was sent me from New Zealand by Mr.

Edwards, but without any special locality.

Bryaxis spreta, n.sp. Nitida, picea, elytris sanguineis,

antennis pedibusque flavescentibus, setis erectis parce

adspersa ; vertice obsolete bifoveolato; prothorace quali;

elytris strié suturali distineta ; antenne in utroque sexu 11-

articulate. Long. corp. 14 mm.

Mas, antennis articulo 5° contiguis longiore latioreque,

articulis 9 et 10 transversis; metasterno prominente medio

profunde sulcato; abdomine segmento 2° ventrali apice

medio tuberculo parvo subtriangulari vix elevato impres-

sione circumvallato. ;

I’em., antennis articulo 5° contiguis longiore sed vix

latiore, articulo 9° subquadrato precedente paulo majore,

10° transverso; metasterno apice impresso; abdomine

mutico.

Antenne slender; the exposed portion of the first joint

about as long as the second. Head very smooth and

shining, with the two foves on the vertex very small; the

frontal tubercles very slightly elevated, and the space be-

tween them very little depressed. Thorax very small,

scarcely so long as broad, very smooth and shining, mee

out fove or impressions. Elytra twice as long as the

thorax, with a deep sutural stria. Hind body very short;

legs slender.

502. Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

I have received several specimens of this species from

Mr. Edwards; taken by him in Victoria, Australia.

Bryaxis concolor, n. sp. Castaneo-testacea, nitida,

setulis brevibus parce adspersa; capite vertice obsolete

bifoveolato ; prothorace parvo, equali; elytris stria suturali,

intra humerum basi impressisque. Long. corp. 1 mm.

Mas, antennz 11-articulate, articulo nono parvo,

transverso intus paulo producto, art. 10 et 11 magnis ;

metasterno late profundeque impresso; abdomine segmento

2° ventrali apice medio tuberculo parvo, segmento 6° fovea

magna.

Femina incognita.

Antenne short; the two basal joints short; joints 3—9

particularly short; the 9th joimt very short, but with its

inner side a little produced, so that it is distinctly trans-

verse; 10th joint large, considerably narrower at the base

than at the extremity, so as to have somewhat a triangular

appearance ; 11th joint large, of the same width as the

10th, distinctly acuminate at the extremity. Head with

the frontal tubercles extremely indistinct, the vertex with

two very small fover. Thorax small, without fovez or

impressions. Elytra elongate, twice as long as the thorax,

with a well-marked sutural stria, and with the shoulder

a little elevated, so that there is a kind of depression at

the extreme base inside the shoulder. Hind body ex-

tremely short and deflexed. Legs slender and rather

elongate.

Victoria. Two ¢ individuals sent by Mr. Edwards.

Bryaxis plecta, n. sp. Angustula, castanea, nitida ;

oculis parvis, minus convexis; antenne breviuscule,

articulo decimo fortiter transverso, 11° magno; capite

vertice obsolete bifoveolato; prothorace parvo, equali;

elytris elongatis parcius obsoletissime punctatis, stria

suturali profunda, humeris leviter prominulis: pedibus

posterioribus elongatis, gracilibus. Long. corp. 1 mm.

Antenne shorter than head and thorax; Ist and 2nd

joints short ; joints 3—9 very small, the 9th broader, how-

ever, than the preceding ones and distinctly transverse ;

10th joint short, twice as broad as the 9th joint, strongly

transverse ; 11th joint very large, pointed at the extremity,

broader than the 10th jomt. Head convex, smooth and

shining, the frontal tubercles absent, the vertex with two

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 503

very small fovese. Thorax small, about as lone as broad

a good deal narrowed behind, convex, smooth Saul hoes

Elytra very long, about twice as long as the thorax, with

traces of a sparing and obsolete punctuation, with a deep

and distinct sutural stria, and with the shoulders a little

prominent. Hind body very short, but with the basal dor-

sal segment notably longer than the succeedine one

rT? . 5 x

Victoria (Edwards). Though I have seen but a sinole

specimen of this minute little species, I have no hesitation

in describing it, as the above characters will pretty cer-

tainly lead to its recognition. It is of special interest, as

some of the above-mentioned characters indicate that it

has a considerable affinity with Huplectus and Trimium.

The individual shows no peculiar abdominal characters

so that I cannot say whether it be $ or @.

Bryaxis sulcata, n. sp. Castanea, nitida, setis erectis

parce vestita; vertice foveolis duabus parvis; thorace brevi,

sub-cordato, sequali; elytris stria suturali distincta, intraque

humerum basi impresso. Long. corp. 1}—14 mm.

N.B.—In utroque sexu metasternum muticum, et an-

tenn 11-articulate.

Mas, antennis articulo 5° contiguis longiore latioreque,

art. 10° transverso, intus producto; abdomine segmento

2° ventrali medio tuberculo longitudinali elongato.

Femina, antennis articulo 5° contiguis longiore, art. 10°

simpliciter transverso.

Antenne about as long as head and thorax, rather

slender, the two basal joints slightly elongate, the 9th

distinctly a little broader than its predecessors, the 10th

distinctly transverse, the 11th joint moderately large. Head

a little depressed between the frontal tubercles, which are

but little elevated, and with two small fovez on the vertex.

Thorax small, not so long as broad, the sides much

rounded in front anda good deal narrowed behind. Elytra

rather long and convex, not twice as long as the thorax,

with the sutural stria distinct, and with an indistinct

impression at the base on the inside of the shoulder.

West Australia; collected by Du Boulay. I have,

moreover, in my collection two individuals sent by Mr.

Brewer from Swan River, which perhaps belong to a very

closely-allied but distinct species; they appear to have the

antenne a little longer, and frontal tubercles and fovez

more distinct; until the male is known to me, I cannot

say whether they are a distinct species or not,

504 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

Bryaxis euplectodes,n.sp. Castanea, angustula; capite

plano, tuberculis frontalibus nullis ; prothor ace simplice,

brevi; elytris stria suturali, stridque discoidali, basi pro-

funde impress4 sed apicem haud attingente; abdomine

seemento basali elongato. Long. corp. (ultra) 1 mm.

“Mas, abdomine segmento ventrali basali foss4 profunda,

fundo subtiliter striata, apice carina elevaté transversa

terminata, per totam longitudinem impresso.

Antenne rather longer than head and thorax; 1st and

2nd joints about equal in length and thickness; joints 3—9

slender; 5th joint slightly longer than the contiguous

ones; 10th joint short and transverse, twice as broad as

the 9th; 11th joint large, broader than the 10th joint,

and three or four times as long as it. Head with the

upper surface quite flat and free from impressions, the

summit of the vertex slightly depressed in the middle.

Thorax broad and short, but a good deal narrower than

the elytra, a good deal narcowed behind, with a slight

longitudinal impression in the middle in front of the base.

i lytra more than one anda half times as long as the

thorax ; the after-body narrow and parallel. The legs

rather long and moderately stout.

A very remarkable species, with great resemblance in

form to Trimium and Fuplectus.

I have but a single specimen captured by Du Boulay

in West Australia.

DALMA, noy. gen.

Corpus sat elongatum, subdepressum. Palpi max-

illares breves, articulo 2° basi gracile, apice abrupte fortiter

incrassato, articulo 3° parvo subtriangulare, articulo ultimo

crasso, securiforme-ovali, longitudine articeuli 2, Caput

mediocre, nullo modo rostrato-deflexum, tuberculis fron-

talibus evidentis, sat distantibus. Antennz breviuscule,

apice fortiter clavate, 11l-articulate, basi distantes. Pro-

thorax cordatus. Prosternum magnum; coxe anteriores

robuste modice exserte. Trochanteres intermedii breves,

ut femoris apex cum coxa articula est. Coxe posteriores

prominentes basi fere contiguz. Abdomen sat elongatum,

minus deflexum, marginatum, segementis ventralis Sex,

quorum primo vix conspicuo. Pedes robusti modice elon-

gati, tarsis unguiculo unico valido.

This is a genus of considerable interest, for it indicates,

in a clear manner, that the position assigned by Leconte

and species of Pselaphide and Seydmenide. 505

to the genus Batrisus is the correct one, viz., at the end

of the true Pselaphini, so as to be near the Euplectini.

The genus is indeed quite intermediate between the two

genera, Batrisus and Euplectus, and seems to me to indi-

cate that the division of the Pselaphide into two main

groups, Pselaphini and Euplectini, can scarcely be main-

ained,

Dalma pubescens, n. sp. Obscure rufescens, nitidus sed

pubescentia (prasertim in abdomine) obtectus ; prothorace

ante basin transversim impresso trifoveolatoque, medio

antice minus profunde, lateribus utrinque profunde canali-

culatis; elytris strié suturali lata et profunda, basique

profunde bi-impressis. Long. corp. 24 mm.; lat. elytro-

rum fere 1 mm.

Mas, antennarum articulo nono maximo (undecimo

paulo majore) intus apice foveé magna impresso.

Fem., ant. articulo nono precedente paulo majore.

Antennz stout in the male, moderate in the female,

about as long as head and thorax, basal joint only a little

elongate ; 2nd joint stout, bead-like, about as long as broad ;

joints 3—6 short, bead-like ; joints 7 and 8 in the male short

and very transverse, in the female scarcely differing from

the preceding joints ; 9th joint in the female broader but

scarcely longer than the 8th, in the male extremely large,

subquadrate and impressed on the inner side at the ex-

tremity ; 10th joint short and transverse in both sexes ;

11th joint stout, obtusely pointed, moderately long, in the

male slightly stouter than in the female. Head rather

small (smaller in the female than in the male sex), con-

siderably narrower than the thorax, the frontal tubercles

quite distinct, short, flattened and shining, rather widely

separated; the vertex is elevated, and on each side has a

fovea confluent in front with a frontal depression, so that

the vertex portion of the head forms a triangle projecting

into a large frontal depression. ‘The thorax is narrower

than the elytra, not so long as broad, the sides rounded in

front and considerably narrowed behind ; in front of the base

is a deep transverse impression, which commences on each

side in a large fovea, from which there proceeds forwards a

longitudinal impression ; on the middle of the transverse

basal impression is placed a very large fovea or depression,

from which a moderately distinct channel proceeds for-

wards, but does not reach the front of the thorax ; the

506 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

thorax is not punctured. The elytra are longer than the

thorax and are redder than the rest of the surface; they

are impunctate, but each has a very distinct sutural stria,

and outside this they are rather deeply impressed, the

impression between divided into two by a well-marked,

raised, longitudinal fold. The whole surface is covered

with a fine yellowish pubescence, which is more distinct on

the hind body than elsewhere.

Hokatika, New Zealand: 26,1 sent by Mr. Edwards.

SAGOLA, n. gen.

Labrum broad and transverse, its front margin forming

a gentle curve, the sides being more advanced than the

middle. Mandibles without teeth on their inner edge,

with the basal portion very thick; the apical portion

abruptly curved inwards, elongate, slender and acuminate.

Maxille with the lobes distinct, short but with long pubes-

cence; their palpi short, 4-jomted, lst joint abruptly

curved in the middle; 2nd joint rather longer than Ist,

rather narrower at the base than at the extremity, twice

as long as broad; 3rd joint short, about as long as broad ;

4th joint oval, broader than the preceding joints, about

twice as long as broad, its extremity a little truncate, and

furnished with a very minute appendage. Mentum large,

rather broader than long, quadrate, but with the anterior

margin forming a slight double curve, being a little pro-

duced and acuminate in the middle. Labial palpi short,

stout, 2-jointed ; 2nd joint shorter than, and not quite so

thick as the Ist jomt. Paraglosse prominent, extending

about as far as the extremity of the Jabial palpi.

Antennz 11-jomted, elongate and rather stout, not

clubbed, the apical joints being but little thicker than the

basal ones, separated at their point of insertion by the broad,

flattened, contiguous, frontal tubercles. Head short, not

in the least rostrate. Eyes moderately large. Prosternum

rather large, front coxz slender, moderately prominent.

Mesosternum elongate. Middle coxe large, only partly

embedded in their cavities, separated only by a thin lamina of

the mesosternum. Iemoral portion of hind cox prominent

and conical, contiguous at their base; their trochanters

moderately large, but the apex of the femur almost attains

the coxa. Legs elongate, simple; tarsi much shorter

than tibise, with two well-developed unguiculi. Hind

body elongate, strongly margined at sides, the dorsal and

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 507

ventral plates equal to one another, with five visible sec-

ments both above and below, but with a well-developed

additional basal segment visible on dissection, the ventral

plate of which is horny, the dorsal plate membranous.

Body pubescent, general form elongate, subdepressed,

very Staphylinus-like. This genus appears to be ex-

tremely close to Faronus, but the Species possess a well-

marked process of mesosternum separating the middle

coxee, of which there is no trace in Faronus Lafertei: the

frontal tubercles also are more approximate in Sagola, so

that the distance between the antennz at their insertion is

less than in Faronus Lafertet.

Sagola major, nu. sp. Rufescens, nitida, elytris rufis ;

prothorace transversim cordato ; capite lato, angulis pos-

terioribus leviter dilatatis. Long. corp. 2} mm.

Mas, trochanteribus anticis prominulis acutis; ab-

domine segmento 6° ventrali tuberculis duobus elevatis.

Fem. incog.

This species differs from S. prisca by its much broader

form, by its more slender antennex, the basal joint in

particular of these organs being notably more slender, and

by the more deflexed extremity of the hind body, as well

as by the different characters of the male. ‘The first

visible dorsal sezement of the hind body possesses a trans-

verse band of glandular pubescence, which is wanting in

the other species here described. hes

I have seen but a single specimen of the species; it was

sent to me from New Zealand by Mr. Edwards.

Sagola prisca, n. sp. Obscure rufa, elytris sanguineis,

capite thoraceque parce, longius, abdomine dense pubes-

centibus; antennis crassiusculis, articulis quatuor penulti-

mis leviter transversis; capite angulis posterioribus rotun-

datis. Long. corp. 2} mm. : }

Mas, abdomine segmentis 3°, 4°que apice tuberculis

duobus elongatis, 5° transversim depresso, apice emar-

ginato.

Antennx with the first joint stout and elongate, 2nd

joint small, subglobular ; 3rd joint similar in shape to 2nd

but still smaller than it; joints 4—10 differing little from

one another; 11th joint hardly as broad as the 10th, aa

a little longer than it, obtusely pointed. Head small an

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.) MM

508 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

short, with two small foveze on the vertex, and with a fine

channel separating the short flattened frontal tubercles,

this channel expanding a little behind, so as to appear as

if it terminated in a very small fovea. Thorax subcor-

date, with a large quadrate impression on the dise behind

the middle, and close to each hind angle of this a very

small fovea, and with a larger fovea on each side. Elytra

about one and a-half times as long as the thorax, a little

narrowed towards the shoulders, each with a sutural stria,

which towards the base is very deeply impressed, and

between this and the shoulder with a coarse elongate

impression ; this impression appears to be nearly divided

into two near its base. The hind body is broad and its

exposed portion is slightly longer than the elytra.

Several specimens of this species have been sent me by

Mr. Edwards; they come from New Zealand.

Sagola misella, n. sp. Obscure rufa, elytris san-

eulneis; antennis articulis penultimis vix transversis;

elytris abdomine multo brevioribus. Long. corp. 24 mm.

Mas, a femina notis sexualibus externis vix distin-

guendus.

This species is very closely allied to S. prisca, but is

readily distinguished therefrom, by its much shorter elytra

and metasternum; its antenne are also more slender, and

their 5th joint is notably thinner: the hind body is broader

towards the extremity: and the remarkably conspicuous

male characters of S. prisca are in S. misella entirely

wanting.

About two dozen specimens of this species have been

sent by Mr. Edwards from New Zealand. It is from a

dissected specimen of this species that the generic charac-

ters of the genus have been drawn.

Sagola parva, un. sp. Corpore antice fortiter angustato,

Obscure rufa, elytris sanguineis; antennis sat gracilibus,

articulis penultimis vix transversis; prothorace elongato,

latitudine fere longiore; elytris abbreviatis, abdomine

multo brevioribus, prothorace vix longioribus. Long.

corp. 24 mm.

Very closely allied to S. misella, but with the head and

thorax narrower, and the elytra a little shorter than in

that species; the antennz also are rather less developed

than in S§. misella, being both a little shorter and more

slender.

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 509

A single specimen, sent me by Mr. Edwards from New

Zealand, is all I have seen of this species. It is possible

it may prove to be an extreme form of %. misella: but

I think it more probable it is a distinct species.

Euplectus converus, n. sp. Rufescens, pube brevi de-

pressa dense vestitus; fronte profunde bisuleata; protho-

race angustulo, basin versus impressionibus tribus magnis ;

elytris stria suturali basi profunde impress4; impressione-

que intra-humerali bene distincté; antennis articulo ultimo

acuminato. Long. corp. 24 mm.

Mas, pedibus omnibus incrassatis, tibiis posterioribus

intus angulatis.

Antenne shorter than head and thorax, 2nd joint not so

long as 1st; joints 3—9 bead-like, differing little from one

another, except that the 9th is a little broader than the

others; 10th joint short, rather strongly transverse, about

twice as broad as 9th; 11th joint large, broader than the

10th. Head rather Jong and narrow, very deeply im-

pressed between the frontal tubercles; from each side of

the impression proceeds backwards a deep furrow, which

terminates between the eyes as a fovea-like expansion.

Thorax much narrower than the elytra, about as long

as broad, much narrowed behind, with a very large im-

pression behind the middle, which is connected on each

side with a deep large fovea near the hind angles. Elytra

distinctly longer than the thorax, with the sutural stria

deeply impressed at the base, and with a rather large intra-

humeral impression.

Auckland, New Zealand. The male sent by Mr.

Edwards, the female by Mr. Lawson.

Euplectus opacus, n. sp. Rufescens, opacus, pube

brevissimA densius vestitus; antenne breves; capite

parvo, transversim impresso ; prothorace basin versus

impresso, disco canaliculato ; elytris stria suturali, altera-

que subtili, disccidali, abbreviata, basi profunde impressis.

Long. corp. 14 mm. i

Antenne shorter than head and thorax, 2nd joint a

little shorter than Ist, subglobose ; jomts 3—8 very ay

9th joint broader than its predecessors, transverse; 10th

joint broader than 9th, strongly transverse ; 11th joint

stout. Head very short, a large portion of its wf aeuia

face occupied by a curved or aoe transverse 1mpres-

M M 2

510 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

sion. Thorax short, not so long as broad; in front of the

base it has a deep curved impression, which is indistinctly

expanded in the middle and on each side, and in front of

this there is a longitudinal impression on the disc. Elytra

longer than the thorax, with a distinct sutural stria and a

fine abbreviated discoidal stria, these striz being deeply

impressed or foveolate at their commencement. Legs

rather short.

Auckland. A single specimen (probably a female),

sent by Mr. Lawson.

Articerus Westwoodi,n. sp. Rufo-ferrugineus, antice

fortiter punctatus; antennis capite paulo longioribus,

latis, basi gracilibus; prothorace subquadrato, dorso im-

presso. Long. corp. 1;—1} mm.

Mas, antennis extus paulo magis dilatatis; tibiis ante-

rioribus basi gracilibus, apicem versus leviter dilatatis,

extus curvatis, intus infra medium vix visibiliter angulatis ;

tibiis intermediis extus medio spina parva, mtus apice

unco valido; posterioribus apicem versus leviter dilatatis ;

abdomine breviori, apice abrupte deflexo, pygidio apice

summo foveolato, sezmento primo basali brevi, apice,

cumque segmentis sequentibus, medio impresso; meta-

sterno medio apicem versus prominulo.

The inner margin of the antennz is nearly straight in

the female, but a little concave in the male, and the apex

is broad and truncate, so that its two angles are right

angles in the female, while in the male the inner angle is

acute, the outer a little obtuse. The thorax is rather

longer than broad, very nearly straight at the sides, and

has along the middle a broad deep impression.

West Australia: five specimens collected by Mr. Du

Boulay.

I judge from description that this species is allied to A.

curvicornis, Westwood, but as it is smaller, and does not

quite agree with Westwood’s description of the antenne,

and the ¢ characters, and as it comes from a different

locality, I have no doubt it will prove a distinct species.

Articerus tumidus, n. sp. Rufo-ferrugineus, antice

fortiter punctatus, elytrisque evidenter setulosis; antennis

brevibus, capite paulo longioribus, intus extusque simila-

riter rotundatis; prothorace quadrato, dorso foveolato.

Long. corp. 13 mm.

and species of Pselaphide and Sceydmenide. 511

Mas, pedibus _intermediis tumidis; metasterno pro-

minulo, medio ciliato; abdomine segmento basali ventrali

medio fortiter transversim constricto-depresso, foveolaque

parva; pygidio apice impresso.

The short antennex are a little longer than the short

head ; they are slender at the base, much thickened in the

middle, the truncate extremity not quite so broad as the

middle. The punctuation of the front parts of the body

1s coarse and close, coarser in the female than in the male ;

the thorax is small, about as long as broad, the sides

straight in the female, very slightly narrowed behind in

the male. The legs are short. The intermediate legs in

the male are enormously swollen, the thighs being short

and extremely thick, their basal portion produced down-

wards; the tibiw broad and extremely short, and capable

of being accurately adapted to the under surface of the

femur.

West Australia: five specimens, collected by Mr. Du

Boulay.

Articerus Pascoeus, n. sp. Flavo-ferrugineus, antice

fortiter punctatus, elytris evidenter setulosis, antennis

brevibus, capite paulo longioribus, intus extusque simila-

riter rotundatis ; prothorace parvo, quadrato, dorso foveo-

lato. Long. corp. 14 mm.

Mas, tibiis anterioribus apice calcari armatis, tibiis

intermediis extus infra medium angulatis, intus apice

unco acuminato ; posterioribus apicem versus leviter dila-

tatis; abdomine apice fortiter deflexo; metasterno medio

apice penicillo parvo.

The short antennz have a slender basal portion, and

beyond this are dilated into an oval form, but with the

extremity truncate; the base of this oval is thin and

laminate, and its surface is impressed. The head is

short, being scarcely longer than the thorax, but the eyes

are placed at a little distance from its hind part. The

thorax is small and narrow, and about only half as broad

as the elytra, quite as long as broad. The elytra are

much narrower at the shoulders than at the apex.

Found in West Australia by Du Boulay.

In the male of this species the calcar at the extremity

of the front tibiae is easily overlooked, as it is placed behind

the tarsus. 7 |

I have named this species in honour of Mr. F. P. Pascoe,

512. Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

who has contributed to our knowledge of the genus by the

description of two new species belonging to it.

Articerus brevipes, n. sp. ¢. Rufo-ferrugineus, crebre

subtiliter punctatus, subopacus, brevissime setulosus ;

antennis brevibus, truncato-ovalibus, latitudine vix duplo

longioribus; capite perbrevi; prothorace brevi, transverso,

basin versus leviter angustato, pone medium impresso.

Long. corp. 14 mm.

Antenne about as long as the head, forming an oval,

with an extremely short stalk ; the base of the oval is lami-

nate, and its surface impressed, and the truncate apex

seen from the front is circular. The head is very short,

and the eyes are placed quite close to the hind part; the

portion in front of the eyes is not so long as broad. The

thorax is in length considerably less than in width, and is

distinctly narrowed behind; it is dull and opaque, its

punctuation indistinct, and it has an impression behind

the middle. ‘The elytra are broad and short, a little nar-

rowed at the shoulders, their punctuation indistinct, and

the setze even at the extremity very short and depressed.

The impression at the base of the hind body is transverse,

deep and well defined, the tuft of pubescence on each side

of it very small ; it is impunctate, and is furnished towards

the extremity with a few very short erect sete. The legs

are slender and very short. ‘The sternum is shining in

the middle, closely but obsoletely punctured at the sides.

Though I have seen but a single female individual of

this species I have described it, as I believe it will readily

be recognized from the above characters.

This individual was captured in W. Australia by

Mr. Du Boulay, probably at Champion Bay.

Articerus Kingius, n. sp. Rufo-ferrugineus, postice

latior ; capite thoraceque fortiter punctatis ; capite modice

elongato, antennis cylindricis apicem versus incrassatis,

apice truncato; elytris minus evidenter jie IESE nitidulis,

evidenter setulosis. Long. corp. 13—13 mm.

Mas, antennis capite Pore eee tibiis

anterioribus postice basi excepto laminato- dilatatis, in-

termediis latis, extus spinedin he. supra medium ciliatis,

intus apice unco acuto armatis; abdomine apice deflexo ;

metasterno valde prominulo.

Fem., antennis capite paulo longioribus.

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 513

The antennz are not compressed, but are slender at

their base and gradually thickened to the abruptly trun-

cate extremity. The eyes are placed at a distance from

the back of the head. The thorax is transverse, being

distinctly broader than long, slightly narrower in front

than behind, and it has a large fovea-like impression in

front of the base. The elytra are reddish, their punctua-

tion well marked only at the base. The hind body is

furnished with rather numerous and long erect sete.

West Australia; one specimen of each sex collected by

Mr. Du Boulay. I have named this species after Mr. R.

L. King of Paramatta, who has described a considerable

number of species of Australian Pselaphide.

Articerus gibbulus, n. sp. & Rufescens, antennis

cylindricis apicem versus incrassatis, apice truncato;

capite elongato, sat fortiter punctato; prothorace trans-

versim quadrato, ante basin impresso ; elytris flavescentibus,

nitidulis, basi summo solo evidenter punctato. Long.

corp. 2 mm. :

Mas, tibiis intermediis apice intus unco acuminato

armatis; propygidio magno_ transverso, pygidio valde

inflexo, nitidulo, impresso ; metasterno valde acuminato-

prominulo.

Fem. incog.

The antennz are moderately long, distinctly longer than

the head, slender at the base, rather stout at the abruptly

truncate extremity. The head is long, the eyes placed at

a considerable distance from its hind part. The thorax

is a little broader than long, very slightly narrowed and

rounded at the front angles. ‘The sete of the upper

surface are very short and fine and sparing, and the

surface is therefore more shining than in the other species

here described. The extremely prominent metasternum

is remarkable. :

W. Australia (probably Champion Bay); a single spe-

cimen, collected by Du Boulay.

Articerus spinifer, n. sp. 4 Rufescens, eres ake

gatis ante apicem tortis, apice truncato; capite sat pect

prothorace transverso, dorso late impresso; elytr Se

subtiliter punctulatis; abdomine setis erectis bene a aire

depressione basali profunda, fundo glanduloso pubescente.

Long. corp. fere 2 mm. : poor.

Mas, pedibus intermediis trochanteribus longe ciliatis,

514 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

femoribus summo basi spina elongata armatis; metasterno

apice depresso; abdomine segmentis ventralibus medio

deplanatis.

Fem. incog.

Antenne longer than head and thorax, slender till near

the extremity, then thickened and as it were twisted.

Head only moderately long, densely punctured, opaque,

the eyes small and placed at a distance from the hind part.

Thorax rather strongly transverse, the disc impressed, and

in the middle of the impression with an indistinct shining

fovea-like space. Elytra indistinctly punctured, clothed

with very fine and very short depressed sete, which are

not more numerous at the apex than elsewhere. Hind

body with the basal depression deep, at its bottom are two

large patches of glandular pubescence; posterior part of

hind body with numerous elongate erect sete.

N. W. Australia. A single individual of this very

distinct species (collected by Du Boulay) is all I have seen.

The structure of its antennz approaches that of A. Dubou-

layi, from which species however its elongate, slender, and

uncompressed tibiz abundantly distinguish it.

Articerus Deyrollei, n. sp. Ferrugineus, dense sub-

tiliter punctatus, opacus; antennis capitis thoracisque fere

longitudine, extus fere rectis, apice intus incrassatis; pro-

thorace oblongo quadrato, basi leviter impresso ; abdomine

crebre punctulato, setis elongatis, erectis, tenuissimis parce

adsperso. Long. corp. 14 mm.

Mas, tibiis anterioribus intus infra medium spina minuta,

intermediis intus paulo ante apicem dente acuto ; abdomine

apice deflexo.

Head rather long, the eyes not prominent, placed at

a distance from the back. Thorax rather longer than

broad, quite straight at the sides, densely and rather finely

punctured, in front of the base with a longitudinal de-

pression which is not very well defined. L[lytra finely

and rather closely punctured, their pubescence very fine,

short and depressed. Hind body elongate, with a rather

elongate basal impression, which is without patches of

pubescence; it is very finely punctured, so that is it not at

all shining. The tibiz are compressed in both sexes.

The species is allied to A. Duboulayi, but it is much

smaller; the basal portion of the antenn is not so slender,

the thickening at the extremity therefore not so abrupt.

The elongate abdominal sete of A. Deyrollei afford a

and species of Pselaphide and Seydmenide. 515

character by which it can be distinguished from A.

Duboulayi, as does also the want of the lateral patches of

pubescence. The sexual characters of the male are less

striking ; the angulation of the front. tibize inwardly

appears either as a small angular projection, or as an

emargination of the lower part, according to the point it is

viewed from. <A pair of this species was given me four

or five years ago by M. Henri Deyrolle, after whom I

have named it. I have no locality for the species but

“ Australia.”

SCYDM ANID &.

Scydmenus optatus, n. sp. Elongatus, angustulus,

brunneus, vix punctatus, sed pube suberecté elongata sat

dense vestitus; oculis minutis; palpis maxillaribus arti-

culo ultimo gracili; antennis tenuibus, elongatis, articulis

nullis transversis; pygidio nudo; abdomine segmento

quinto ventrali medio haud distinguendo; carina meso-

sternali elongata sat alte elevata; trochanteribus posterio-

ribus femorum longitudinis dimidio. Long. corp. 2 mm.

Mas, tarsis anterioribus basi vix dilatatis, subtus longius

pilosis.

Antennz slender and elongate, longer than head and

thorax, the 9th joint slender and elongate, nearly three

times as long as the 8th joint; 10th joint nearly as long as

9th and twice as broad as it; 11th joint elongate, pointed,

oval, longer and alittle broader than 10th. ‘The maxillary

palpi are elongate, the 3rd joint elongate, slender and but

little longer than the preceding one; 4th joint invisible.

Thorax longer than broad, its greatest breadth in front of

the middle, thence distinctly narrowed to the base; it has

no basal impressions. Elytra slender and rather elongate,

without impressions or plicw. Legs long and slender.

The carina separating the middle legs is quite thin, and is

continued along the elongate mesosternum, which has a

large impression on each side the carina, to accommodate

the front coxze.

West Australia; collected by Du Boulay. I have only

a single pair.

Scydmenus Edwardsi, n. sp. Elongatus, angustus;

piceo-rufus, nitidus, pube suberecta parcius vestitus ; oculis

mediocribus ; antennis elongatis, gracilibus ; palpis rane

ultimo gracili; pygidio nudo; carind mesosternali fere de-

516 Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions of new genera

ficiente; abdomine segmento quinto ventrali elongato.

Long. corp. 24 mm.

Mas, tarsis anterioribus subtus longius pilosis, articulo

basali vix dilatato.

Of remarkably elongate form. Antenne about as long

as head and thorax, with all the joints elongate, the 8th

slightly shorter than 7th; 9th and 10th joints very similar

to one another, twice as broad as the 8th joint, each a

little longer than broad; 11th joint about as broad as the

10th and a little longer than it, obtusely pointed. Head

elongate and narrow, a little narrower than the thorax, the

eyes placed at the front part of the sides. Thorax long

and narrow, about twice as long as broad, its greatest

breadth a little in front of the middle. LElytra without

impressions or plice. The intermediate coxe separated

by a raised thin lamina, which however is not continued

along the mesosternum. The metasternum is remarkably

elongate. The legs are very long and slender. The

underside of the head has at the base a deep fovea. The

3rd joint of maxillary palpi elongate and slender, but little

thicker than the 2nd; 4th joint invisible.

Of this remarkable species a single specimen has been

sent me by Mr. Edwards from New Zealand. Being in-

debted to him for a number of the species described in this

paper, I have great pleasure in naming this conspicuous

species in honour of him.

Phagonophana setosa, n. sp. Rufa, densius (elytris

longius) setosa; antennis crassiusculis, articulis 4 ultimis

leviter incrassatis; vertice gibboso; prothorace basi utrin-

que bifoveolato, foveolé externa parva; elytris intra

humeros impressis. Long. corp. 2} mm.

Antennz about as long as head and thorax, slightly

thickened towards the extremity ; lst and 2nd joints stout,

2nd nearly as long as the Ist, 3rd joint quadrate, 6th

slightly smaller than the contiguous joints, 8—11 slightly

stouter than the others, 8—10 a little transverse, 11th

joint longer than 10th, obtusely pointed; all the joints

with elongate distinct sete. Head apparently impunctate,

but clothed with a dense rough pubescence, the front de-

pressed, the vertex convex, the eyes small but prominent.

Thorax longer than broad, moderately narrowed behind,

clothed like the head with rough pubescence; the base has

on each side two fovez, which are concealed by the pubes-

and species of Pselaphide and Scydmenide. 517

cence, and of which the outer one is small. The elytra are

a good deal rounded at the sides, the suture a little de-

pressed at the base, and on each side, inside the humeral

angie, is a distinct depression ; they are clothed with elon-

gate, upright pubescence. The mesosternum hasa stron oly

elevated carina, which projects backwards a little between

the middle cox; the metasternum is rather long, quite un-

impressed, clothed like the abdomen with short distinct

pubescence. The front tibie are a little sinuate, their

inner margin, in its lower half, rather densely pubescent,

Five specimens of this interesting insect have been sent

from Auckland by Mr. T. Lawson; they do not show any

indications of sexual distinctions.

Obs.—It is just possible that this insect may ultimately

prove not to be absolutely congeneric with the Australian

Phagonophana Kingi, the only species of the genus

hitherto described. King in his description of the genus

does not tell us whether the intermediate coxe of P. Kingi

are contiguous or not. Now in the New Zealand P. setosa

the intermediate cox are contiguous, or rather separated

only by a very thin lamina, whereas in an Australian

species I possess from Victoria these parts are separated

by a plate so much broader that they would be more

correctly described as subcontiguous; I do not know

whether this Victorian insect be conspecific or not with

the P. Aing?, but it is at any rate highly probable that it

isa member of the same genus. From King’s description

we learn also that the hind coxe are contiguous in P. King?,

and this is also the case with the individual from Victoria,

whereas in the New Zealand P. setosa, the hind coxe are

not quite contiguous, though the space separating them is

very small. ‘The resemblance between the Australian

species and the New Zealand one is however in all other

respects so great, that I do not think it would be correct

to place them in different genera.

518

Mr. D. Sharp’s descriptions, §c.

LIST, OF Sree:

—»—

PSELAPHIDA.

Ctenistes impressus .. oe ar -- Australia.

simplex .. ei 40 ee “si

parvus es oe oe =e

Tyrus mutandus”«. oe oe -» New Zealand.

Tyrus (?) mirandus .. oe oe -- Australia.

g. Tyraphus planus’ .. oe An aD 5

brevis a ne ate oe a

major «- ee se oe a

Pselaphus mundus .. oe oe an <5

pauper oe oe -- New Zealand.

tenuis .. oe ee -- Australia.

g. Gerallus nanus os ate ee ar »

g. Durbos priscus ee a oe ae +f

Bryaxis optata oe 4c oe si 5

recta . os oe ee “p

inflata oe oe oe .. New Zealand.

micans ee a oe ee

dispar oe a oe os -

deformis .. 56 se ae +

impar AD ac os sc i

grata ap ee ee Ac “F

spreta os : oe -- Australia.

concolor .. an 34 a

plecta sis cia 5° ote -

sulcata Se AC oe oe A

euplectodes oe we Hc es

g. Dalma pubescens... sie ee -« New Zealand.

g. Sagola major an os ee oe FF

prisca si° 30 a 4c e

misella an a 3¢ oe

parva, x0 He oe me 3

Euplectus convexus 3c ee ee

opacus.. 39 sé se $

Articerus Westwoodi sie An -- Australia.

tumidus .. ee Ac Ac

Pascoeus .. 50 5c = ~

brevipes .. ee AP oe an

Kingius .. oe oe Pa

gibbulus .. a ee ee ”

spinifer .. ae ate <S 5

Deyrollei ee a6 i 3

SCYDMZNIDZ.

Scydmeenus optatus oe o -- Australia.

Edwardsi ac oe «+ New Zealand.

Phagonophana setosa on ae

”»

(619.

XXV. Notes on the peculiar habits and changes which

take place in the larva and pupa of Papilio

Nireus. By Mrs. M. E. Barser. Commu-

nicated by CHARLES Darwin, MA. Rese

Se.

[Read 2nd November, 1874.]

Papilio Nireus, Linn. <A large and handsome species.

*“« Expands 3 in. 6 lin.—4 in. 3 lin. Rich velvety-black,

with bluish-green stripes and spots.” (R. Trimen, Rho-

palocera Afric Australis.) This butterfly is common in

most parts of the Cape colony. In its imago state the

flowers of Plumbago Capensis are its favourite resort. It

frequents orange trees, the larva feeding upon the leaves

of that plant, and also upon those of an indigenous forest

tree (Vepris lanceolata, Fl. cap. i. p. 447). In colour

the caterpillar of P. Mireus closely resembles that of the

leaves upon which it feeds, being of a dark green upon

the orange tree, and of a lighter green upon the V. lan-

ceolata. ‘The pupa (of which I send you a drawing) may

be found among the leafy twigs of its food-plant, or upon

those of some neighbouring tree; its usual colour is green

(Pl. TX. fig. 1). The drawing, however, goes to prove that,

under peculiar circumstances, the caterpillar has the power

of assimilating or altering its common colour, following

suit, as it were, to any locality in which, by accident or

otherwise, it may have been placed.

During the months of March and April I succeeded in

rearing a number of these caterpillars. They were placed

in a case with a glass cover; the case was partly made of

wood, and partly of brick. The colour of the wood was

a dullish-yellow, that of the brick a purplish-brown (figs.

3,4). In the case I had previously placed a branch of

the common bottle-brush shrub; its leaves had become

partly dried, and were of a pale-green colour.

The caterpillars were fed upon orange leaves, and ap-

peared to thrive well; they were fine, lively, well-con-

ditioned specimens of their kind ; they had fresh ran es

supplied to them every morning, and, in fact, had nothing

TRANS. PNT, SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

520 Mrs. M. E. Barber’s Notes on the

to complain of. When they had attained the full size of

their species, and had ceased to feed, they at once set out

upon their rambles in search of a suitable spot wherein to

assume their dormant or pupa state; finding, however,

that their travels were circumscribed, they appeared some-

what puzzled what to be at, and after a fruitless search

for a * leafy-dwelling,” several of them returned to the

orange leaves, and there suspending themselves upon the

small twigs, took up their common form and colour

(fig. 1); others went to the bottle-brush branch, and there

became pale yellowish-green pupz (fig. 6), of precisely

the same colour as the half-dried leaves. One of the

caterpillars in particular affixed itself upon the wooden

framework of the case, where the wood and the brick

came in contact with each other, and, to my surprise,

this caterpillar, after throwing off its bright green skin,

assumed the colours of both the wood and the brick, its

under-side resembling that of the wood to which it was

attached (fig. 3), and the upper side that of the adja-

cent brick-work (fig. 4). So perfect was the assimi-

lation, that at first glance I failed to detect the pupa in

its altered condition, and looked upon the floor of the

case to see if the caterpillar had fallen. Some days later

another specimen affixed itself to the wooden frame of

the case, and then became a yellowish pupa (fig. 5), of

the same colour as the wooden frame. I then tried an

experiment by surrounding one of the caterpillars with

a piece of scarlet cloth, but the creature failed to imitate

this brilliant hue; the coloured spots upon the pupa were,

however, of a brighter red than those upon pupa No. 1

(fig. 1), otherwise I could observe no difference. The

season was now far advanced, there was no time for further

experiments; I had succeeded in obtaining four different

colours,—the dark green pupa of the orange tree, the pale

yellow green of the bottle-brush, the yellow of the wooden

frame, and the purple and yellow, when the colours came

in contact. In its natural state I have ever found the

pupa of P. Nireus to be true to the colour of the leaves

of its food plant.

I do not consider the changes described in this paper

to be merely accidental ; it is sufficiently evident that they

are of a conservative nature,—a protection to the butterfly,

during its helplessness as a pupa, from the ravages of

insectivorous creatures, to which a bright-green pupa

upon a dark-brown surface would be greatly exposed.

larva and pupa of Papilio Nireus. 521

The question, however, naturally arises, are the changes

described produced by the desire or will of the caterpillar,

like those which take place in the lizard of Griqualand, or

in the chameleon, or is it merely an instance of nature’s

conservative power, brought about without any effort on

the part of the creature itself?—a sun picture or photo-

graph. Youare aware of the exceedingly transparent nature

ofa pupa during the first day of its existence in that form,—

may it not in that state have the property of absorbing or

reflecting the surrounding colours, and thus become the

means of its own concealment and preservation? ‘That

the caterpillar is aware of the change that will take place

m its altered colour, I am fully convinced. I have no

doubt whatever, that when the insect placed itself upon

the dark-brown surface of the case, it was aware that the

result would not be a bright-green pupa exposed upon a

dark-brown surface to the vision of its enemies.

Moreover, I have several times observed that the larva

of the Sphinx moth never differs in colour from that of

the leaves upon which it feeds, excepting in its last

change. To be, however, more explicit, the caterpillar of

the Sphinx moth changes its skin many times while feed-

ing, keeping true to the colour of the leaves of its food

plant, until it has attained its full growth, and requires no

further food. It then, previous to casting its shin for the

last time as a caterpillar, retires to a sheltered spot, mostly

the brown stem of its food plant, and throwing off its

green coat, for which it has no further use, it assumes

a dark-brown, earthen-coloured one. In this form it is

destined to traverse the earth in search of its future habita-

tion, in which as a pupa buried beneath dried leaves, or

slightly beneath the soil, it has to pass the long winter

months. If the caterpillar in its bright-green coat, ex-

posed to its enemies, had to seek out its future hiding-

place, how slight would be its chances of escape; its

earthen colour is, therefore, of the greatest service to it,

as was that of the green while feeding amongst the green

leaves,—hence the cause of the wonderful changes which

take place in the colour and form of these insects.

orn " :

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Hyena

it “ng Lagan ~

XXVI. Descriptions of some new species belonging to

the genus Lycena. By the Rey. R. P. Mur-

RAYS, MA:

[Read 2nd November, 1874.]

Lycena Chinensis,n. sp. (Pl. X. fig. 5.)

Wings brown above, with a conspicuous submarginal

orange band, equally marked on both wings, and a faint

black streak closing cell. In the forewing the orange

band is divided by the veins into almost square spots: in

the hindwing the band is composed of a series of con-

tiguous crescents, seated upon a row of black spots.

Fringe white, interrupted by brown.

Underside: pale grey-brown, the orange band as con-

Spicuous as above, contmuous in both wings. Forewing:

no spot between base and disco-cellular spot. Beyond

middle is a discal row of seven spots, twice bent at a right

angle, so that the sixth is immediately below the disco-

cellular spot: the costal spot is small and indistinct. All

these spots are white-ringed. The orange band is edged

on both sides by a row of spots, the mnermost row con-

sisting of larger, but less well-defined spots than the

outer.

Hindwing : a basal row of four spots, a disco-cellular

spot, and a discal row of eight spots, much curved and

angulated, all white-ringed. The orange band is edged

as on forewing by rows of spots, but in this case the spots

of the outer row are larger than those of the inner. In

both wings the fringe, which is spotted, 1s preceded by

a narrow black lime.

Expands 1” 3”.

Hab.—North China.

This very distinct species is ( judging from the marki -

of the underside) most nearly allied to Lye. Pylaon, ¥.,

while the upper side reminds one strongly of L. Astrarche,

Bestr. (more commonly known as L. Medon or Agestis).

(DEC. ) NN

ngs

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV.

524 Rev. R. P. Murray’s descriptions of

Lycena pulchra, n. sp. (Pl. X. figs. 7, 8.)

$. Violet-blue with a narrow brown edging along the

hind-margin of forewing, which is replaced in the hind-

wing by a distinct dark brown line, edged internally

towards anal angle by a white line. Inner margin of

hindwing white. Two or three blue-black dots towards

anal angle of hindwing. Fringe dirty white. Hindwings

with a rather long filiform tail, tipped with white.

On the underside this insect closely resembles African

specimens of L. Telicanus,—indeed it is not easy to discover

any constant differences. The ground colour of the wing

seems, however, whiter, and the fulvous crescents sur-

mounting the metallic spots at anal angle of hindwing

more conspicuous than in that species.

?. Brown, shot with blue over the bases of wings.

Forewing : a conspicuous spot closing cell, and a some-

what angulated row of spots beyond it, one of which is

situated almost immediately below the disco-cellular spot.

All these spots are edged on both sides with white.

Between the disco-cellular spot and the uppermost of the

row of spots is a small brown cloud.

Hindwing: a basal transverse band and large disco-

cellular spot, both edged with white: a band of white

lunules beyond middle, and a marginal series of brown

lunules (the two next anal angle black and conspicuous),

surmounted by whitish crescents. Underside as in ¢.

Expands: 6 11”—1" 1"; ¢, 1” 1”—1" 2”.

Hab.—W est Africa.

This form so closely resembles on its underside the

very variable Lyc. Telicanus, Lang., that I was for a

long time doubtful of the propriety of describing it as

a separate species, but the great difference in the colouring

of the upper side of the male, combined with the constant

smaller size of the specimens, and some difference, difficult

to describe, in the shape of the wings, have now led me to

consider it as distinct.

The foregoing description has been made from 3 ¢ and

2 2 specimens in my collection.

Lycena lineata,n. sp. (Pl. X. fig. 9.)

Closely allied to ZL. Palmyra, Feld., from which it

hardly differs on the upper side, except in having the

fringe unspotted.

some new species of Lycena. 625

Underside: Forewing brown, marked on the centre by

a conspicuous white blotch, commencing narrowly on

subcostal vein, and abruptly widening on third median

nervule, so that it is three or four times as wide on the

inner margin as at its commencement near the costa.

The white is continued narrowly along inner margin to

base. Two white streaks, forming the margins of an

obsolete band, cross the wing near base, and the dark

disco-cellular streak, which is partly obliterated by the

white blotch, is also internally edged with white. Beyond

the blotch is a curved row of indistinct darker spots, ex-

ternally edged with white. Along the hind-margin is a

row of brown lunules, surmounted by a double series of

white crescents, the space between them being darker

than the ground colour. <A thin black line precedes the

fringe, which is unspotted.

Hindwing : brown, crossed by numerous broken white

lines, forming the margins of almost imperceptible trans-

verse macular bands. These appear to consist of two

basal bands, a disco-cellular mark, and a band beyond the

middle, the last mentioned being darker and more distinct,

and commencing with a white spot on costa, containing

a small black central dot. Hind-marginal markings as in

forewing, but the two lunules nearest anal angle are black,

marked on their outer edge with metallic scales, and each

surmounted by a fulvous lunule. Fringe indistinctly

spotted. Hindwings tailed.

Expands 1”—1” 1”.

Hab.— Queensland.

Lycena Indica, n. sp. (Pl. X. figs. 2, §.)

4. Wings blue. Forewing with a narrow costal and

somewhat broad hind-marginal brown border. Hindwings

with a similar brown border, broad on costa, narrow on

hind-margin.

Bia de : grey-brown: forewing, no spot between

base and disco-cellular spot, which 1s brown, edad

both sides by white: a conspicuous discal row ab as : e

spots, ringed with white: of these the ones is less nee

and isgeminated. A double hind-margina ee bepee

lunules, of which the inner is surmounted by weit baa

tke outer edged on both sides by the same He ane sare

wing: a basal row of three spots, a aE, ular apes ke

an angulated discal row of eight spots, all brown, né ;

NN2

526 Rev. R. P. Murray’s descriptions of

surrounded by whitish. Hind-marginal markings as on

forewing. Fringe pale brown, unspotted.

?. Wings above brown, blue at base. Underside as

in é.

Expands: # 9"—10"; 9 9”—11".

Hab.— A\ahabad, India.

This insect seems to be very common in the neighbour-

hood of Allahabad, as I possess a considerable series, col-

lected there by my brother. I have failed to find it any-

where described, and Mr. Moore has also expressed his

belief that it is a new species. It belongs to the Lysimon

group.

Lycena parva,n.sp. (Pl. X. fig. 1.)

Wings above glossy brown. Forewing with a very

faintly marked disco-cellular streak, and a narrow hind-

marginal edging of darker brown. Fringe pale brown.

Hindwing with a fine black line before the fringe, pre-

ceded by a white line. Three conspicuous orange spots

on hind-margin towards anal angle: each marked exte-

riorly by a black spot. Fringe paler than on forewing.

Underside: wings rather dark grey-brown. Forewing

with a black, white-ringed spot closing the cell, and a

discal row of six similar white-ringed spots, closely followed

by a transverse series of white streaks. Along the hind-

margin isa series of brown lunules, only slightly darker

than the ground colour, edged on both sides by white. A

very fine brown line precedes the fringe.

Hindwing: a basal transverse row of four black, white-

ringed spots, two white streaks forming the margins of the

obsolete disco-cellular spot, and a discal row of eight spots

only indicated by thin white edgings, except the costal

spot, which is black: this row is followed, as on forewing,

by a series of rather indistinct white marks: hind-maginal

markings as on forewing, except that the three lvnules

nearest anal angle are black, almost completely sv .s. ded

by metallic scales, and surmounted by orange .unules.

Fringe glossy brown.

Expands 8”.

Hab.—Diamond Fields, South Africa.

This species is very closely allied to L. Trochilus, Frey,

of which it is possible that it is only an accidental variety.

I think, however, that it is distinct, on account of its much

smaller size, and also from its presenting in both wings a

some new species of Lycena. SWAT

series of white markings immediately beyond the discal

row of spots. I have never seen this in L. Trochilus,

which is, besides, a species little liable to vary.

Lycena Felderi, n. sp. (Pl. X. figs. 4, 6.)

é. Wings brown above, showing in some lights a dull

violet tinge. A narrow, dark-edging line before the

fringe, which is brown, indistinctly spotted with darker.

Hindwings tailed.

Underside: wings lighter brown. Forewings: a trans-

verse band near base, an oblong spot closing cell, and a

submacular band beyond middle, strongly broken on second

median nervule. All these markings are of the ground

colour, thinly edged by darker brown, and surrounded by

white. An indistinct row of brown spots, surmounted by

brown crescents, along hind-margin. Hindwings: mark-

ings similar to those on forewings, but more irregular.

The spot above root of tail is black, spotted with golden,

and surmounted by a fulvous crescent. There are a few

additional golden scales at anal angle. Fringe more dis-

tinctly spotted than on upper-side.

@. Wings brown, forewings shot with vivid blue at base.

Hindwings with a marginal series of spots, indistinctly

surmounted by blueish crescents. The spot above root of

tail is largest and blackest. The line before the fringe 1s

on hindwings preceded by a narrow white line, most dis-

tinet. towards anal angle. Underside: as in é, but. the

ground colour more ochreous, and the markings, especially

those along the hind-margins of both pairs of wings, much

more distinct. The fine dark line before the fringe is well

marked an all the wings.

Expands 10”—12".

Hab.— Queensland.

This species is allied to ZL. Macrophthalma, Feld., but

differs materially in possessing a submacular band between

the @ cellular spot and the base of the wing. I peer

a singie specimen (é) of a closely allied species re sos

Borneo, which will, I think, ultimately neu ia

Lye. Felderi belongs to the section eget : eu

which is distinguished by the possession of a ican Tee ;

wing, and by the presence of one or two pari T faa

the anal angle of the hindwing, on the un ensit - i ive ‘i

not consider that these spots afford a Seratin ee eae

they are strongly of the nature of a colour distinction,

328 Rev. kh. P. Murray’s descriptions of

is seldom to be relied on: moreover, they present a very

variable character: e. g., Lyc. Ceraunus, F., possesses but

one of these spots on each hindwing: while specimens in

my cabinet, which were referred by Mr. Butler to his

L. Zacheina, only differ from L. Ceraunus by possessing

two of these spots. ZL. Cassius, Cram., possesses two

spots: L. pseudo- Cassius, Murray, has three. I need only

refer in addition to the long list of species belonging to the

Argus and Trochilus groups, in which these spots form a

more or less complete marginal edging to the wing, in

support of my opinion that these markings should cease to

be relied on as of generic value.

The tailed hindwings appear at first sight of more im-

portance, being certainly, to some extent, a structural

character; but a careful consideration of many interesting

species, both in Lycena and the allied genus Chrysophanus,

has forced me, somewhat reluctantly, to the conclusion

that this, too, must be abandoned as a generic character.

In Chrysophanus the hindwing ordinarily presents a

more or less marked projection on the first median nervule,

which, however, cannot be designated a tail. In C. Orus,

Cram., from South Africa, this projection is wanting, so

that the outline of the hindwing is rounded. On the other

hand, we are unexpectedly met, in Persia, by a group of

species, which are undoubtedly true Chrysophani, but

which possess a tail, at least as well developed as in any

known species belonging to the so-called genus Lampides.

These species are named C. Lampon, Led., C. Phanicurus,

Led., and C. Carpius, Led. The last two are very dis-

tinct species, to which it is unnecessary to refer further.

But C. Lampon is so closely allied to C. Ochimus, H.-8.,

that it can with difficulty be distinguished from it, except

by the possession of a long filiform tail. This curious

tendency to produce tailed forms seems confined to Persia,

so far as the genus Chrysophanus is concerned (the Persian

Lycene do not share the character), since none either of

the Kuropean or Himalayan species present the character,

and the only new Chrysophanus discovered by M.

Fedtchenko in Eastern Turkestan (C. Solshy7) is equally

destitute of a tail.

But to proceed to the genus Lycena. Here we find,

roughly speaking, three groups: those with no tails, those

with well developed tails, and those with very short tails.

Of these latter, Z. Parsimon, Fabr., may be accepted as

the representative. It is closely allied to other species

some new species of Lycena. 529

(such as L. Asopus, Hopf.) which are tailless; in fact,

while L. Parsimon usually possesses tails, some races of

the species appear to be destitute of them (vide Mr.

Trimen’s very interesting paper on the butterflies of

Basuto-land, in Trans. Ent. So. Lond. 1870, p- 361).

Again, L. Mindora, Feld., is tailed ; but the closely allied

LL. Arruana, Feld., is destitute of such an appendage. JL.

Cassius, Cram., has no tail, while my L. pseudo- Cassius,

which is so closely allied to it that Mr. Hewitson considers

it not to be distinct, in spite of the enormous difference in

locality (Queensland, as opposed to tropical America), has

a well developed tail.

In the Danis group (I only use the word for con-

venience) the presence or absence of a tail appears imma-

terial. Witness LZ. Ilissus, Feld., tailed; L. Taygetus,

Feld., tailless. The foregoing observations appear to me

sufficient to prove that the characters in question, although

still relied on by some Entomologists as of generic value,

can in no way be depended on; and that if the genus

Lycena is to be divided, we must find some better charac-

ter on which to found our new genera.

I will only add further that the two characters on which

I have just remarked are by no means always to be found

united. Many species which possess metallic spots at the

anal angle of the hindwing are not tailed, e. g., L. Jesous,

Guér, L. Cassius, Cram., and L. Ceraunus, Fabr.; while

more rarely tailed species are destitute of the metallic

spots. ‘This is the case with some species of the Castalius

group. se

But for Mr. Moore’s repeatedly expressed opinion, that

the insect described in this paper as L. Indica, was un-

described, I should have been inclined to doubt whether

it were distinct from his L. Sangra.

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XXVII. Descriptions of three new species and a new

genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera, from the col-

lection of Andrew Swanzy, Esq. By ARTHUR

GARDINER Burter, BLS: EZES.. &e.

[Read 2nd November, 1874.]

Tue three following species were all collected at Whydah,

on the Gold Coast, and are exceedingly beautiful.

Charaxes imperialis, n. sp. (Pl. XI. fig. 3.)

é. Wings above blue-black; primaries with an oblique

discal series of spots (inarched towards costa), increasing in

size from just below subcostal nervure to just beyond the

middle of internal margin, the upper four spots puncti-

form, white, with cobalt-blue lunate external margins, the

fifth and sixth spots blue, subovate, the last spot (or

rather patch) irregularly oblong, cut by the internal

nervure; a white spot at end of discoidal cell, and two

white dots placed transversely half-way between it and the

discal series; a marginal internervular series of blue-grey

liturse; secondaries with costa and base brown; abdominal

area whitey-brown, the edge formed at submedian neryure

densely clothed with long brown hairs; a broad central

blue band from subcostal to submedian nervure; a trans-

verse, blue-edged, white subcostal spot above central

band; a submarginal series of eight blue spots; an in-

terrupted lunulated blue line close to outer margin, from

second subcostal to anal angle; body above blackish-

brown, collar olivaceous, head and pterygodes white-

spotted, antenne black: wings below stone-coloured, varied

with white-edged black lines and yellow and white spots,

(much as in C. Tiridates and allies, but with all the black

lines differently disposed, less continuous, more slender

and more narrowly bordered with white) ; one ocelloid spot

at external angle of primaries: body below dirty cream-

colour: expanse of wings 3 in. 65 lin.

The primaries of C. ¢mperialis are somewhat like those

of C. Etesipe & (Etheta) on the upperside, but the blue

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

532 Mr. A. G. Butler’s descriptions of

band is farther from the outer margin, especially at its

lower extremity; the secondaries, which have two short

caudate projections, are most like those of C. Amelia, but

the blue band is three times as wide, and there is a white

spot above it; the underside differs a good deal from all

the allied species.

Genus PsEUDERESIA, n. gen.*

Allied to Liptena: primaries elongate-triangular; sub-

costal nervure six-branched, the first only emitted before

end of cell, the sixth apparently representing the upper

radial; secondaries short, pyriform; cell extending to

middle of wing, disco-cellulars oblique, lower twice as long

as upper, concave; subcostal branched on a level with end

of cell: body long, slender, palpi moderately long, shghtly

hairy; antenne about two-fifths the length of primaries,

very slender, submoniliform, annulated with white, club

very abrupt, compressed.

Type, Pseuderesia Catharina.

Pseuderesia Catharina, n. sp. (Pl. XI. figs. 4, 5.)

Wings above black, primaries with a transverse spot at

end of cell, and a large suboval patch cut by the median

branches dark orange; apical costa of primaries and outer

marginal fringe varied with white: body black-brown ;

antenne black, annulated with white; primaries below

brown, varied with silvery-grey, basal area crossed by

three broad irregular black bands; between the second

and third and within cell a reddish-orange spot ; a broad

subtriangular orange patch from just beyond end of cell to

near external angle, fading into brown towards inner mar-

gin, and cut by the radials and median branches; a black

irregular discal band deeply sinuated between the nervures

externally and bordered with red; a submarginal line,

forming two triangular spots towards apex, and a marginal

line black; fringe varied with white; secondaries silvery-

erey, irrorated with red from base to middle of wing;

base, a triangular spot filling the end of cell, and a sub-

costal spot red ; three small rounded sub-basal, and three

* We have two species apparently referable to this genus in the British

Museum ; but a promise which I made to Mr. Hewitson has prevented my

doing anything with them. ‘They are described and figured by Hewitson

as species of Liptena. A fourth species (resembling Zerias) is in the

Dublin Society’s Museum.

Diurnal Lepidoptera. 533

more or less irregular, larger, subeentral black spots edged

with whitish ; a discal irregular series of eight black spots

bordered externally with red; a submarginal series of

triangular black spots ; outer margin black, fringe white-

varied: body below brown, legs black, varied with white :

expanse of wings 1 in. 62 lin.

I have named this beautiful little species after a member

of Mr. Swanzy’s family recently married.

Genus Crearitis, Lucas.

Cigaritis Amine, n. sp. (Pl. XI. figs. 1, 2.)

Wings above glossy brown; primaries with a minute

spot near end of cell, and a double series of five spots

beyond the end, orange; external third orange, very irre-

gular internally, cut through the middle by a brown un-

dulated band, adhering to which externally is a series of

six black submarginal spots; margin black, fringe sprinkled

with orange; secondaries with external two-fifths orange,

very uregular internally; two submarginal internervular

series of black spots; veins terminating in marginal black

points; fringe brown, two slender short black tails as

usual: body above brown, abdomen orange at the sides;

antenne black, annulated with white; primaries below

with the costa’ and outer margin broadly orange; the

remaining area pale buff, crossed by black nervures inter-

rupted by four irregular transverse black-edged orange

bands, and spangled with silver; a terminal, brown, silver-

spangled line dividing it from outer marginal border; a

submarginal row of black spots; nervures terminating in

a marginal series of black dots; fringe brown; secondaries

orange, crossed by three irregular buff bands, cut by the

black nervures, the basal one forking above subcostal ner-

vure, the second sigmoidal, the third arched, joining the

second at each extremity; base of the wing and. the outer

edges of the second and third bands spangled with silver ;

a submarginal series of black spots; nervures terminating

in a marginal series of black dots; fringe brown, tail

black: body below whitish: expanse of wings 1 in. 4 os

Unlike any described species in colouring; on the

underside it reminds one of Melitea theana and Pyrgus

mohozutza, but the colouring is brighter; and the ‘silvery

spangling gives it a brilliancy not surpassed by Zeritis.

‘ wits

: . C4 a

x . te 4 . j

oe Hema ago =

XXVIII. Notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descrip-

tions of new species. By Cuas. O. Warer-

HOUSE.

[Read 2nd November, 1874.]

NECROPHAGA.

HETEROCERID.

ELYTHOMERUS, gen. nov.

Corpus elongatum. Mentum antice fortiter triangu-

Jariter emarginatum. Labrum arcuatim acuminatum.

Cox antic contigue, intermedix fere contiguee,

The species for which I propose the above generic

name differs from any Heterocerus with which I am

acquainted in its singularly elongate form, but I am

induced to separate it chiefly on account of the proximity

of the intermediate coxee. The prosternum is not keeled,

and is not visible between the anterior coxe.

Llythomerus elongatulus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, sub-cylindricus, nitidiusculus, pubescens,

pallide flavus. Elytrorum sutura infuscata.

Long. 6 mill. ; lat. 12 mill.

Elongate, gently convex, pale testaceous, with the

thorax a trifle less pale. Head transverse, scarcely nar-

rower in front of the eyes. Thorax opaque, a little

broader than the head, a little broader than long, scarcely

narrowed in front, the anterior angles obtuse, the sides

slightly rounded, the posterior angles obliquely truncated,

the width at the base equal to the width of one elytron.

Scutellum very small. Elytra twice as long as the head

and thorax together, parallel, rounded at the apex, gently

convex, scarcely shining, densely and extremely finely

punctured, the suture slightly infuscated. Anterior

tibiz broad, bowed on the outer edge, which is furnished

with eight or nine long slightly curved bristles.

Hab.—Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874.—PART IV. (DEC.)

536 Mr. C. O. Waterhouse’s Wotes on

Heterocerus Australasia, sp. nov.

Oblongus, sub-opacus, testaceus, pubescens; capite

fusco, elytris singulis maculis tribus infuscatis ad suturam

connexis ornatis.

Long. 34 mill.; lat. 13 mill.

Head blackish-brown. Thorax transverse, twice as

broad as long, convex, straight in front, much rounded

at the sides, rounded behind; testaceous, with the disk

slightly tinged with brown. LElytra as broad as the thorax

and three times as long, thickly and very delicately punc-

tulate; testaceous, with the posterior half of the suture

and three spots on each elytron pale fuscous; the basal

spot commences on the shoulder, extends down the middle

of the elytron, and then turns to join the suture; the

second spot is near the margin, and extends to join the

basal spot just before it joins the suture; the third spot

is like the letter Z (reversed on the left elytron), placed

obliquely, and occupying the apical area.

This species most nearly resembles H. sericans, and is

very like it in form. Besides the difference of size and

markings above described, it has the elytra more finely

punctured, and they are distinctly narrow ed immediately

below the shoulders.

Hab.—W. Australia (Du Boulay}. Coll. Brit. Mus.

LAMELLICORNIA.

MENTHOPHILINZ.

Avtacopris, White, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1859, p. 118.

Hab.—Kast Australia.

The characters which separate this genus from the

American genus Deltochilum are slight, but I think suffi-

cient to justify its adoption as a distinct genus.

The metathoracic episterna are elongate and narrow.

Anterior tarsi short, stout. Pygidium small and. perpen-

dicular. Posterior tibiz straight, except at the extreme

base, crenulate on the inner side. Thorax produced

behind in the middle in a point over the suture of the

elytra. Basal joint of the posterior tarsi very short, shorter

than the second.

Australian Coleoptera, 537

Meropontvs, MacLeay, Trans, Ent. Soc., N. S. Wales,

aep. LET

This name having been already used in the Rhyncho-

phora, I propose to re-name it Platyphymatia.* The

following will be a second species in the genus.

P. eneopicea, sp. nov.

Elongata, zneo-picea, subnitida. Capite erebre fortiter

punctato. Thorace convexo, antice emarginato, postice

rotundato; lateribus subparallelis, leviter constrictis ; dorso

sat parce obsolete punctato, antice carinulis duobus ap-

proximatis, postice tuberculis quatuor semicirculariter

positis. Elytris thorace vix latioribus, depressis, basi

leevissime emarginatis, ad apicem sub-acuminatis, deflexis,

leviter striatis, suturé 15-tuberculata, interstitiis planis,

impunctatis, 3, 5 et 7 singulis tuberculis duobus; lateribus

subparallelis, carinatis, carina vix ad apicem attingenti,

pseudo-epipleuris latis, inflexis. Metasterno lato, fortiter

sat parce punctato. ‘Tiblis anticis tridentatis. Pygidio

4-tuberculato.

Long. 4 lin.; lat. 2 lin.

The intermediate tibie are gently curved, furnished

on the outer side with two semicircles of bristles. The

posterior tibiz are curved, very slightly crenulate on their

edges, with two tubercles on the outer edge below the

middle. The basal joint of the hind tarsi is elongate,

about equal to the two following taken together; the 2nd

to 4th become gradually shorter and more slender. Be-

sides the four tubercles on the posterior part of the thorax

mentioned above, there is a small tubercle just above each

posterior angle. eee

Closely allied to M. calcaratus, Mach., but (judging

from description) differs in being shining, in having the

elytra impunctate, and in having a row of distinct tuber-

cles on each side of the suture of the elytra, of which there

is no mention in Mr. MacLeay’s description, &c,

Hab.—Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

Temnoplectron leve, C. Waterh.

We have just received the male of this insect. It

differs from the female in having the intermediate femora

learned from Mr. D. Sharp that

* Since the above was written I have ‘a

aos as been proposed for this genus,

another name, which has also been used, bh

so that my name will remain.

538 Mr. C. O. Waterhouse’s Notes on

furnished near the apex on the under side with an obtuse

tooth. The posterior tibiz are proportionately longer,

very slender, and are produced beyond the insertion of the

tarsus (nearly to a level with the third joint), in the form

of a spur, which is obliquely truncate at the apex.

RUTELID&.

Anoplognathus quadrilineatus, sp. nov.

Testaceus, nitidus; corpore subtus eneo-piceo; fronte

maculis duabus parvis, thorace lineis quatuor longitudi-

nalibus, scutelli lateribus obscure zeneis. LElytris sutura,

lateribus, maculaque ad basin pallidis. Antennis pedibus-

que piceis.

8. Clypeo sat parce punctulato, marginibus reflexis ;

tibiis anticis bidentatis.

?. Clypeo dense sat rugoso-punctato, marginibus vix

incrassatis ; tibiis anticis tridentatis.

Long. 7 lin.; lat. 32 lin.

Oblong, a little broader posteriorly, moderately convex.

Head with the forehead sparingly punctured, with two small

spots on the vertex; clypeus transverse, rounded in front,

only separated from the head by a very faint line at the

sides. Hyes prominent. Thorax a little more than twice as

broad as long, delicately and not very thickly punctured,

emarginate in front, bisinuate behind; the sides gently

rounded in front ; anterior angles somewhat acute. On each

side there are two longitudinal pitchy-green narrow lines ;

the central pair nearly parallel, straight, notched on the

inner side in the middle; the outer pair nearly in the form

of t - The elytra are scarcely broader than the thorax

at the base, a little wider behind, obtusely rounded at the

apex, somewhat thickly and strongly punctured, semi-

transparent, with the sides, the suture, and a triangular spot

in the centre of the base of each elytron, opaque yellowish-

white. There is also a very small oblique pitchy spot on

the extreme base of each elytron. The sides of the abdo-

men and sternum are thickly punctured.

Hab.—Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

This insect differs from the typical form of Anoplo-

gnathus in the form of the head, and in not having the

clypeus separated from the forehead except at the sides.

Australian Coleop tera. 539

CaLLooprEs, White, Ann. and Mag. N. Hist., 1845,

XV. p. 38,

This genus, as indicated by Mr. White, should be

adopted as distinct from Anoplognathus. It is at once

separated by the anterior tibiz being simply produced at

the apex on the outer side, without any teeth on the outer

edge. The apex of each elytron is slightly produced into

@ point.

Species :— C. Grayianus, White; C. Rayneri, Macleay ;

and C. Atkinsonii, Waterh.

SERRICORNIA.

BUPRESTID&.

Stigmodera pubicollis, sp, nov.

4Erea, subdepressa; corpore subtus thoraceque griseo-

pubescentibus, rugoso-punctatis; elytris obscure-piceis,

marginibus tenue flavis, fortiter striatis, interstitiis convexis,

fortiter punctatis, apicibus simplicibus.

Long. 11—145 lin. ; lat. 44—64 lin.

Intermediate between S. Parryi and S. flavocincta,

but very close to the former, from which it differs in being

rather shorter, less convex, and in having the thorax

bronzy, and thickly clothed with long pale pubescence.

The under side is bronzy, thickly pubescent, and rugosely

punctured ; the abdomen is very strongly and unevenly

pitted and punctured, with the central line smooth. The

thorax is a little more than twice as broad as long, broadest

a little behind the middle, the sides gently rounded; the

surface corrugate, the raised portions smooth, the sunken

parts thickly punctured ; the lateral margins are flavous.

The female has the apical segment of the abdomen

beneath evenly rounded ; in the male it is slightly trun-

cate. ; é

One specimen of this species has the flavous margin to

the thorax almost entirely wanting.

Hab.—Swan River. Coll, Brit. Mus.

St. pubicollis, var. major.

In the British Museum collection there are ba spate

mens from N. W. Australia, measuring 18 lines in length,

TRANS. ENT. 80C. 1874.—PART Iv. (DEC.) 00

540 Mr. C. O. Waterhouse’s Notes on

which (besides the size) differ from the ordinary form of

S. pubicollis in having the thorax nearly black (with red-

dish margins), the posterior angles rectangular, and the

surface is much more even, the discoidal part being

strongly punctured; the front margin and the sides corru-

gated as in the typical form. ‘The thorax and under

surface of the body are, moreover, scarcely pubescent, but

this may be the result of accident.

Stigmodera tibialis, sp. nov.

Subtus wrea, rugoso-punctata; thorace nigro-eeneo, cre-

bre punctato, lateribus rotundatis; elytris rufo-piceis, mar-

ginibus fasciis tribus apiceque flavis; tibiis intermediis

basi triangulariter dilatatis.

Long. 21—24 lin. ; lat. 9—104 lin.

Closely allied to St. Stevensii, but at once separated

from it by the unicolorous thorax, which has the sides more

rounded; by the abdomen being bronzy, and by the trian-

gular dilatation on the intermediate tibize having its apex

acute.

Hab.—S. Australia. Coll. Brit. Mus.

Stigmodera septemguttata, sp. nov.

Viridi-aurea, depressa ; thorace valde transverso, crebre

fortiter punctato ; elytris thorace paululo latioribus, apicem

versus arcuatim acuminatis, apice breviter quadrispinosis,

testaceis, sanguineo-marginatis, maculis septem viridibus.

Long. 5 lin. ; lat. 2} lin.

Allied to S. vicina of Hope, but having the general

appearance of S. mustelamajor, Thomson. The head is

thickly punctured. Thorax posteriorly twice as broad as

its length, as narrow as the head in front, gradually

widening for about four-fifths its length and then rounded,

not very convex, moderately thickly and distinctly punc-

tured, strongly and rugulosely punctured at the sides.

Elytra a little broader than the thorax, depressed, sinuate

at the sides, broadest a little behind the middle, and then

narrowed somewhat abruptly to the apex; each elytron

furnished at the apex with two equally short spines, pale

testaceous, margined with red, strongly punctate-striate ;

the interstices very convex, sparingly and very delicately

punctured; there is a round green spot below each shoulder,

and another on the margin a little behind the middle; there

Australian Coleoptera, 541

are three spots on the suture, one elongate, joining the

scutellum, another a little behind the middle, the third

subapical larger. Each elytron is furnished at the apex

with two equally short spines. The under side of the body

is bright green.

fab.— Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

Stigmodera quinquepunctata, Sp. nov.

4Eneo-nigrescens, parallela, elongata; thorace globoso,

crebre punctato; elytris subparallelis, apice quadrispi-

nosis, sat fortiter punctato-striatis, interstitiis convexius-

culis parce subtiliter punctulatis, testaceis, pone medium

maculis quinque nigris.

Long. 5 lin. ; lat. 2 lin.

Allied to. spzlota, Lap. & Gory., but rather narrower

and more depressed, with the apex of each elytron distinctly

bidentate, the outer teeth being the longer; with three

black (or eneous-black) spots behind the middle, placed

one on the suture and one on each side of it on the

margins, and two others, smaller and rounder, placed close

to the apex of each elytron. ‘Thorax one-third broader

than long, convex, neous, straight in front, much rounded

at the-sides, bisinuate at the base, moderately thickly and

strongly punctured, rugulose at the sides. Scutellum

green, with a few punctures. LElytra three and a quarter

times as long as the thorax, but scarcely broader than it,

slightly convex, a little broader posteriorly, rounded towards

the apex; the margins at the extreme apex are minutely

crenulate. The body beneath is blackish-zneous.

Hab.—Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

Stigmodera confusa, sp. NOV.

Elongata, cuprea ; thorace globoso, crebre punctato ;

elytris thorace haud _latioribus, fortiter punctato-striatis,

(interstitiis convexis parce subtiliter punctulaee cup

singulis maculis tribus flavis, una basalt magna a : aumerum

divisi, secundaé- ad marginem, tertia parva ad apicem ;

apice bidentato. =

Long. 5 lin.; lat. 13 lin. + alee

Closely allied to “S. Wilson, E. Saund., but esl pee

additional apical yellow spot on the aya it 8) ae

tinguished by its more convex thorax, with more

sides : the seutellum is almost impunctate; the interstices

"ery ‘] y punc-

on the elytra are more convex and yery sparingly pt

> 002

542 Mr. C. O. Waterhouse’s Notes on

tured, and the apical teeth are less separated from each

other.

Head very deeply impressed. Thorax one-third broader

than long, very convex, much rounded at the sides, nar-

rowed posteriorly, bisinuate at the base, thickly and some-

what strongly punctured on the disk, coarsely punctured

at the sides. Scutellum green, with only one or two

punctures. Elytra scarcely as broad as the thorax, gra-

dually acuminated towards the apex, with three yellow

spots on each; the basal one occupies the basal half of the

elytra in the form of an L, with the base very broad ; the

second spot is placed behind the middle, broad, touching

the margin but not the suture of the elytra; the third spot

is very small, subapical. The margin at the extreme apex

is minutely serrate. Body beneath coppery, sparsely pubes-

cent.

Hab.— Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

Stigmodera atronotata, sp. nov.

Elongata, parallela, punctata, sanguinea, atronotata ;

thorace crebre fortiter punctato; elytris apice breviter

quadrispinosis, striatis, interstitiis crebre punctatis, inter-

stitio secundo fere levi.

Long. 43 lin. ; lat. 13 lin.

Closely allied to S. elegantula, White, but differs in

having the thorax transverse, much more thickly punc-

tured ; and the elytra at the apex are much less acuminate,

and the four apical teeth are simply the result of each

elytron being obliquely emarginate at the apex.

Head seneous-black, thickly and strongly punctured.

Thorax bright red above and below, transverse, more than

one-third broader than long, somewhat depressed pos-

teriorly, somewhat thickly and strongly punctured, with a

narrow border at the base, a spot on the disk and a small

spot on each side black; the sides are rounded in front,

nearly straight behind, the thorax being broadest at the

hind angles, which are nearly rectangular. Scutellum

blue, concave, with one or two punctures. Elytra scarcely

broader than the thorax, gently rounded at the apex,

moderately strongly punctate-striate, the interstices (ex-

cept the second, which is nearly smooth), thickly and

strongly (almost rugosely) punctured; the colour is

yellowish-red, with a transverse spot at the base, not

reaching the shoulders, a second oblique spot at the side

Australian Coleoptera. 543

behind the middle on each elytron, a very small spot on

the suture between the lateral ones, and the apex opaque

black. The antenne, legs and the meso- and meta-sterna

are bluish. Abdomen bright red, thickly and strongly

punctured.

Hab.— Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

Stigmodera viridicincta, Sp. nov.

S. limbato affinis. Capite, antennis, pedibus thoraceque

viridibus, hoc flavo marginato; elytris flavis, sutura pone

medium apiceque viridibus, apice quadridentatis ; corpore

subtus flavo, partibus viridi-cinctis.

Long. 10 lin. ; lat. 32 lin.

Var.—Thoracis elytrorumque marginibus sanguineis.

Long. 124 lin. ; lat. 5 lin.

Head thickly and strongly punctured, with a slight

fovea on the vertex. Thorax two-fifths wider than long,

gently convex, contracted in front, nearly parallel-sided

behind the middle, moderately thickly and strongly punc-

tured. LElytra a little more than twice the length of the

width of the thorax, not broader than the thorax at the

base but a little broader posteriorly and then narrowed to

the apex; punctate-striate with the interstices gently con-

vex, sparingly and moderately finely punctured; the pos-

terior half of the suture and the apex are bright green ;

the apex of each elytron is bidentate, the sutural tooth

being the longer. ‘The under side of the insect is yellow,

with the exception of the prosternum, the middle of the

metasternum, the margins of the coxe and abdominal

segments, which are bright green.

Var.—The sides of the thorax above, and the margins

of the elytra, red. The punctures in the strie of the

elytra finer and closer. Intermediate and posterior femora

lined with yellow.

Hab.—Queensland. Coll. Brit. Mus.

This species is immediately distinguished from S.

limbata by the teeth at the apex of the elytra, me

S. sanguinea it is distinguished, besides the ate of

colour, by its shorter thorax and elytra, by the regu 2

strie of latter, and by the absence of the large erie

on the third and fifth interstices, &c. S. Janson is ¢ SS

tinguished by its elongate form, by its ee ee

underside, and by the teeth at the apex of the : ytra gels

all nearly equal; the elytra have also a tendency to

544 Mr. C. O. Waterhouse’s Notes on

infuscated on the disk. There are two specimens in the

British Museum of an insect which I have little doubt

belong to S. Jansoni; they differ only in not having the

sides of the thorax yellow. SS. lobicollis is extremely

close to S. Jansoni, and I think will probably prove to be

only a variety of it; it differs in not having the green on the

apex of the elytra and in having a series of large punc-

tures on the fifth interstice of the elytra.

The following insect appears to be sufficiently distinct

from S. limbata to merit description, although I cannot

give it specific rank :—

Stigmodera limbata, var.?

Viridi-znea, thoracis lateribus elytrisque rufis ; thoracis

marginibus incrassatis; elytris striatis, interstitiis con-

vexioribus.

Long. 93—133 lin.

Differs from the ordinary form of S. dimbata in having

the margins to the thorax more decidedly thickened, with

a tendency to be angular in the middle. The elytra are

deep red, with the margins rather paler; there is scarcely

any trace of zneous on the suture, and the interstices are

more convex than is usual in the ordinary form of S.

limbata.

Hab.—Queensland and §. Australia. Coll. Brit. Mus.

In the Museum collection there is an insect which I

believe to be the female of S. sanguineocincta, the type of

which is a male. ‘The type specimen has the thorax

uniform bright green, with a smooth sutural line slightly.

raised, and with a transverse smooth line near the front

margin. The ¢% has this same peculiarity, but has the

sides somewhat incrassated. The elytra are uniform

brownish-yellow (without any red margin), and the apex

of each elytron is very slightly emarginate ; the interstices

of the striz are distinctly but not thickly punctured,

whereas they are almost destitute of punctures in the male.

Nore.—The sculpture of the thorax and elytra in many

of the species of Stigmodera appears to be of a coarser

kind in the females than in the males. This is particu-

larly noticeable in S. Mitchellii. Besides the differences

of sculpture, the sexes of some species of this genus differ

in coloration, e. g., S. Klugiti has two yellow bands on the

elytra in the male, the female having an additional yellow

spot on the shoulder. The sexes of S. Duboulayi differ

Australian Coleoptera. 545

in the same way, the male having no basal fascia on the

elytra.

The following beautiful species has lately been brought

to England by J. W. Lewis, Esq., of Colonel Warburton’s

Expedition in 8. Australia: —

Stigmodera tricolorata, sp. nov.

Supra flava, nitida; capite, thoracis basi maculaque

centrali, elytris fascia apiceque viridi-ceruleis,

Long. 12—144 lin. ; lat. 5-53 lin.

Head green, thickly punctured. Thorax above, and

the sides below, clear yellow with an oval transverse spot

on the disk, and the extreme base greenish-blue. The

elytra are yellow, with the extreme base, a broad fascia

behind the middle, and the apex, bright blue or greenish.

Legs and antenne green. The thorax is transverse,

gently convex, with the sides oblique to the posterior two-

thirds, and then slightly narrowed to the base, obscurely

and moderately thickly punctured. The scutellum is

extremely small, bluish-green. The elytra are not very

convex, gently narrowed towards the apex, moderately

strongly punctate-striate; the interstices very slightly

convex, sparingly and obscurely punctured. The apex of

each elytron exteriorly obliquely emarginate-truncate. —

6. Discoidal spot on the thorax nearly or quite joining

the basal stripe. Under side of body green, with a spot on

each coxa, and the abdomen yellow; apical segment of

this latter truncate.

2. Discoidal spot on the thorax smaller. Under side

of body green, with a spot on each coxa, and the sides and

apex of the abdomen yellow; apical segment of this latter

slightly acuminate, rounded at the apex.

Hab.—Nicol Bay, W. Australia. Coll. Brit. Mus. .

In build this species most nearly resembles Ss. semi-

cincta ; but perhaps it should be placed near S. Spencei,

although the form of the thorax is very unlike any species

of that group.

HETEROMERA.

CYPHALEINE.

Cyphaleus quadrispinosus, sp. NOV:

itidus, niger ;

Elongatus, convexus, parce pubescens, nitidu » nig) es

is pr a roinibusque ad apicem yiridi-

elytris purpureis, sutura, marginibusque

546 Mr. C. O. Waterhouse’s Notes on

aureis ; capite parvo, crebre punctato, oculis supra approxi-

matis; thorace transverso, longitudine duplo latiori, leviter

convexo, parce punctato, angulis anticis longe porrectis

acutis divergentibus, lateribus leviter rotundatis, angulis

posticis fere rectis, margine postico leviter bisinuato ; elytris

thorace paulo latioribus, quadruplo longioribus, convexis,

subparallelis, ad apicem angustatis, fortiter discrete punc-

tatis (punctis magnis, hirtiferis), apice fere levi, singulis

spina nigra acuta armatis; antennis longis, articulo ultimo

piceo ; pedibus pilosis, unguiculis piceis.

Long. 8 lin. ; lat. 33 lin.

Hab.— Queensland. Brit. Mus.

Nortr.—lI have seen an insect in Mr. Pascoe’s collection

which I have little doubt must be referred to this species.

It differs from the above in having the elytra distinctly

longer, and in having them entirely purple. This species

somewhat resembles Prophanes metallescens, Westw., but

belongs to Cyphaleus.

Cyphaleus insignitus, Pascoe.

The colour of the elytra varies in this species. The

specimen from which Mr. Pascoe drew up his description

has the prevailing colour green. One in the Museum

collection has the elytra purple with blue reflections, and

a second specimen has them entirely purple.

Nore.—From the two descriptions the following are

evidently synonymous:—

Cyphaleus Mastersii, Pascoe, Ann. & Mag. N. Hist.,

vili., 1871, p. 357.

Cyphaleus chalybeipennis, MacLeay, Trans, Ent. Soc.,

N.S. Wales, 1872, p. 286.

The epipleurz of the elytra are suddenly narrowed at

the apex in this species, and it should consequently be

placed in the genus Prophanes.

Prophanes spinosus, sp. nov.

Elongatus, leviter convexus, nitidus, niger; elytris

viridi-eneis, oblique purpureo-vittatis. Capite crebre

punctato, inter oculos fere levi; oculis magnis. horace

longitudine } latiori, leviter convexo, ad latera depresso,

discrete sat fortiter punctato, antice angustato margine

antico utrinque sinuato, angulis anticis longe porrectis

acutissimis divergentibus; lateribus leviter flexuosis (fere

Australian Coleoptera. 4.7

rectis) postice subito rotundato-angustatis ; angulis posticis

prominentibus, acutis; margine postico in medio late

lobato. — Scutello nigro, levi, semicircular, Elytris

thorace paulo latioribus, quadruplo longioribus, ad hume-

ros rotundatis, sat crebre fortiter punctatis (apice levi);

lateribus sub-parallelis, apicem versus angustatis; singulis

ad apicem spina parva armatis, Corpore subtus nigro,

levi; pectoris lateribus punctatis.

Long. 11 lin. ; lat. 54 lin,

The elytra are green, inclined to xneous at the pos-

terior margin, with a broad oblique purple stripe com-

mencing at the shoulder, and reaching the suture at the

posterior two-thirds.

Hab.— Australia. Coll. Brit. Mus.

Note.— Cyphaleus cupricollis, MacLeay, Trans. Ent.

Soc.; N. S. Wales, ii., p. 287.

In the British Museum there is an insect which I have

no doubt must be referred to this species, Mr. MacLeay is

mistaken, however, in describing the anterior angles of

the thorax as obtuse; they are slightly acute, although not

prolonged as in many species of their group. I believe

the species is better placed in the genus Prophanes.

Platyphanes oblongus, sp. nov.

Oblongus, convexus, nitidus, supra snescens, Sapte

niger; thorace transverso, crebre punctulato, angulis

anticis breviter productis ; elytris striato-punctatis.

Long. 11 lin.; lat. 53 lin.

Head. somewhat flattened, thickly, evenly and distinctly

punctured all over; clypeus straight in front, obliquely

truncated at the anterior angles, which are slightly reflexed.

Thorax more than twice as broad as the head, gently con-

vex, moderately, thickly and distinctly punctured on ee

disk, but finely towards the margins, which are noe

and slightly reflexed, semicircularly emarginate z ay F

the anterior angles prominent, blunt and slightly c irected

outwards; the sides are gently rounded ; the easier!

angles rectangular; the posterior margin 1s ne y 2 eC

over the scutellum. The elytra are a little broac et t an

the thorax, of a more distinctly eeneous colour, 3 oe

a half times as long as the thorax, with the a es arte

parallel, acuminate posteriorly; each elytron with ten hne:

u age es PP

TRANS. ENT. SOC. 1874:—PART IV. (DEC.)

548 Mr. C. O. Waterhouse’s Notes, §c.

of punctures, the punctures moderately strong and well

separated from each other, all the striae become obsolete

at the apex. The underside is shining black, the pro-

sternum is compressed into a somewhat sharp keel an-

teriorly, strongly punctured; the metasternum is sparingly

but strongly punctured anteriorly, nearly smooth in the

middle. Abdomen thickly and finely punctured. The

tarsi are pitchy, densely clothed beneath with ochreous

hair. ;

Allied to P. gibbosus, Westw., but more elongate, &c.

Hab.— Australia. Coll. Brit. Mus.

PROCEEDINGS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

FOR THE YEAR

1874,

2nd February, 1874.

J. W. Donnine, Esq., F.L.S., Vice-President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ Proceedings of the Royal Society,’ no. 148; presented by the

Society. ‘ Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological Society

of London for the Year 1873,’ parts i. and ii.; by the Society. ‘Hore

Societatis Entomologice Rossice,’ tome ix. nos. 8 and 4; tome x. no. 1;

by the Society. ‘The Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club,’ no. 25 ;

by the Club. ‘L’Abeille, 1874, livr. 2, 3and 4; by the Editor. ‘ Ap-

pendice aux troisiémes additions au Synopsis des Gomphines ;’ ‘ Appendice

aux troisiémes additions au Synopsis des Calopterygiens ;’ by the Author,

M. Edm. de Selys-Longchamps. ‘Monograph of the Collembola and

Thysanura,’ by Sir John Lubbock, Bart., &c.: ‘ Endomycici Recitati : a

Catalogue of the Coleopterous Group Endomycici, with Descriptions of New

Species, and Notes,’ by Henry Stephen Gorham; by J. W. Dunning, Esq.

‘Les Métamorphoses des Insectes,’ par Maurice Girard; by the Author.

‘Enumeratio Hemipterorum: Bidrag till en forteckning 6fver aller hittills

Kanda Hemiptera, jemte systematiska Meddelanden ait Orthoptera ee

descripsit C. Stil;’ ‘Carl Henrik Boheman’ [Obituary Notice]; Re-

cherches sur le Systéme des Mantides;’ by the Author, C. Stal. The

Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,’ for February ; by the Editors. New-

man’s Entomologist’ and ‘The Zoologist,’ for F ebruary ; by ios ee

‘Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis; or, Ilustrations of New, Rare an

Interesting Insects, for the most part contained in the Collections presented

to the University of Oxford by the Rev. I’. W. Hope, M.A., D.C.L., F.R.S.,

&c., with forty plates, from drawings by the Author,’ by J. O. Westwood,

M.A., F.LS., &c., part i.; by the Author. ‘Forestry: Tree-pruning

viewed Entomologically ;’ by the Author, A. Miller, Esq.

Election of Member, de.

Edwyn C. Reed, Esq., of the Museo Nacional, Santiago de Chile, was

balloted for and elected a Member of the Society.

The Right Hon. Lord Dormer, of Grove Park, Warwick, was balloted for

and elected a Subscriber.

Exhibitions, dc.

Mr. Miller exhibited the following specimens, which he had found on a

recent visit to some limestone caves in the Jurassian Mountains :—

1. A blind Myriapod, found on decayed trunks of trees carried into the

cave by floods.

2. A minute Podura, which had, however, become quite shrivelled.

3. A species of Hemalastor, Koch (a genus of Schusselzecken) mentioned

by Kolenati in ‘ Die Parasiten d. Chiroptern’ (Dresden, 1857). Mr. Miller

did not observe any bats in the cave, but the insect was creeping on one

of the stalactites, from which it dropped into his hand. He believed it

was the first time that any blind species had been found in the caves of

Switzerland.

Mr. Kirby exhibited a specimen of Lycena Phebe, from Australia,

described by the Rev. R. P. Murray, in the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly

Magazine’ for October last. It was stated to be closely allied to the insect

figured as Lycena Erinus by H.-Scheeffer, though probably distinct. The

true L. Erinus, Fab., is a totally different species from either.

The Secretary read extracts from a letter from Mr. W. D. Gooch, of

Spring Vale, Natal, on the destruction of the coffee plantations there by a

Longicorn beetle. He stated that they were splitting up the diseased

stumps, and that only about two per cent were unaffected. The larve

bored into the tree between the forks of the root, working into the heart and

feeding on the wood, as high up as nine or twelve inches above ground. A

specimen of the insect was exhibited, which proved to be Anthores leuco-

notus, Pascoe. In the bottle with the larve were also specimens of

Ceroplesis caffra, but the former insect was stated to be the cause of the

evil. They had split up some 5000 trees, which were diseased, and the

only remedy which they had, as yet, tried, was to apply Stockholm tar to

the roots: he would be glad to be advised as to the best mode of extermi-

nating the insects. Mr. M‘Lachlan remarked that it was very important

to ascertain if the insect was really the original cause, or whether, as he

believed, the trees were previously diseased. Mr. Miiller was of opinion

that the eggs were laid on sound trees, and he added that the maximum

time for the appearance of the perfect insect was only about two weeks, and

suggested hand-picking as they came out, a practice frequently adopted on

the continent of Europe, with regard to Melolontha: it was also very

desirable to avoid shooting the various species of insectivorous birds, which

were frequently destroyed for the sake of their plumage.

Mr. Butler communicated the following in correction of a remark made

at last meeting :—

“At the last meeting for scientific business I made remarks respecting

Apatura Herse and A. Lycaon, of Fabricius, which seem to have been

entirely misunderstood; I wish, therefore, to state clearly what are my

views, in order that I may not be supposed to give in my adherence to Mr.

Scudder’s views respecting them.

«The synonymy of the American species is, in my opinion, as follows,

viz. i—

« Apatura Herse and A. Lycaon of Scudder and Riley (nee Fabricius)

= Apatura Clyton and A. Celtis of Boisduval, and are two distinct species.

*«‘ Anatura Herse and A. Lycaon, Fab., are sexes of one species and =

Apatura Aticia, Hdwards.

«T have come to this conclusion from an examination of the unpublished

drawings of Messrs. Jones and Abbott.”

Paper read.

A paper was communicated entitled “Descriptions of Fifteen new

species of Diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly from South America,” by Herbert

Druce, F.L.S. 2

Mr. Dunning announced with regret the death of Mons. F, E. Guérin-

Méneville, of Paris, one of the Honorary Members of this Society.

16th February, 1874.

Sir Srpney Surra SaunpeERs, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

e announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ Proceedings of the Royal Society,’ no. 149; presented by the

Society. ‘Annales de la Societe Entomologique de Belgique, tome XVi. ;

by the Society. ‘Entomological Contributions,’ by J.*A. Lintner ; bythe

Author. ‘L’Abeille, 1874,’ 4e livr.; by the Editor. ‘The Entomologist’s

Annual for 1874;’ by H. T. Stainton, Esq. ‘Additions au Synopsis des

The following donations wer

Cordulines,’ par M. Edm. de Selys-Longchamps; by the Author. ‘ De-

scription of a New Genus and Species of Papilionide from the South-

Eastern Himalayas,’ by W.S. Atkinson, M.A., F.L.S., &c.; by the Author.

Election of Members.

Edward A. Fitch, Esq., of Down Hall, Rayleigh; A. Dowsett, Esq., of

16, North-street, Brighton ; and James Wood-Mason, Esq., Curator of the

Indian Museum of Calcutta, were respectively balloted for and elected

Members of the Society.

Exhibitions, &c.

Mr. Weir exhibited a sample of wheat from Australia which was infested

with the weevil, Sitophilus oryze, the cargo being so much damaged that

about two tons were utterly useless. The weevil was accompanied by Lemo-

phleus ferrugineus. He also showed specimens of Sitophilus granarius

and Rhizopertha pusilla infesting wheat from Japan.

Mr. Higgins exhibited a collection of Cetoniide from the Philippine

Islands, which had been described by Dr. Mohnike. The collection, com-

prised the following species, with others :—

Phedimus Jagori, Gerstiéck., female? Euglypta attenuata, Mohntke.

Coryphocera simillima, Mohnike. ” biplagiata, —_,,

4 purpurea, § .,, Cetonia papalis, an

Clinteria formosa, - » leucogramma, ,,

Agestrata Semperi, 43 ». purputivats, 3,

Macronota propinqua, is », Boholica, =

Glycyphana pulcherrima, ,, », tenuicollis, 3

Mr. Higgins was of opinion that unless the male of Phedimus Jagori

differed from the male of P. Cumingi, then the so-called female was only a

var. of P. Cumingi. He also thought that thirty-five or thirty-six out of

the forty-two species would in all probability stand good, but that the others

would prove to be simply varieties of previously known species. He con-

sidered the figures in Mohnike’s ‘ Cetoniden der Philippinischen Inseln’

were so bad as to be unrecognisable, they being wrong in colour and

markings.

Mr. Higgins also exhibited specimens of Diaphonia Digglesii, O. Janson,

and Schizorrhina palmata, Schaum, from Australia.

Mr. F. Smith exhibited (1) a hermaphrodite ant, Myrmica levinodis,

captured by Mr. J. Chappel, at Dunham Park, Cheshire: this insect is

figured and described in the ‘ Entomologist’s Annual for 1874 ;’ it combines

characters of male, female and worker. (2) Specimens of Coluocera Atte,

Kraatz, described in ‘ Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift, 1858,’ found

by Mr. J. Traherne Moggridge, at Mentone, in the seed-magazines of

Aphenogaster (Atta) structor. With reference to the latter Mr. Moggridge

writes as follows :—

“T have lately been exploring a very large and far-spreading nest of Atta

structor, and I find in the abundantly-filled granaries great numbers of the

small beetle which I enclose. Platyarthrus is also very common in the

nests. J have never observed this beetle elsewhere, and I do not think it

would have escaped me if it had been at all abundant in the nests of Atta

barbara. I have opened but few nests of A. structor, owing to their being

usually placed either in terrace-walls or in garden-ground. I spend a great

deal of my time now in digging for seeds in ants’ nests, as I want these

seeds for the experiments I am making in the hope of learning the secret

method by which the ants render their seeds dormant at will in damp soil.

I am much struck by the frequent occurrence of the nests of trap-door

spiders in the very soil of the ants’ nests, the spider’s tubes often running

quite close to, and in the midst of, the galleries of the ants. Ants certainly

form a large part of the food of trap-door spiders, and this helps me to

understand how it comes that the spiders can get a living without leaving

their nests. The spider sits watching at the mouth of her tube, with the

door raised very slightly, and then snatches in any insect that may chance

_to pass within reach.”

The Secretary read some remarks taken from the ‘Times’ and ‘ Gar-

dener’s Magazine’ on the rapid progress of the Colorado potato beetle

(Doryphora decemlineata) through the United States and Canada, and the

remedy of Paris green, which was stated to have been used with success

by the farmers in Canada. The fifteen-spotted ladybird was mentioned as

a powerful enemy to the potato-beetle, devouring it in the larva-state. The

writer in the ‘Times’ suggested the encouragement of small birds as the

best security against the pest; but, as it had been stated that the insects

when crushed produced blisters on the skin, whenever they came in con-

tact, and if they touched a wound caused severe inflammation and painful

ulcers, Mr. Bates expressed a doubt as to whether the small birds would

care to meddle with them. It was, however, a matter deserving of serious

consideration, and any practical suggestions for the destruction of the insect

would be desirable.

2nd March, 1874.

Sir Smpney SmirH SaunvDERs, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ The Journal of the Linnean Society,’ no. 57; presented by the

Society. ‘ Bulletin de la Société Linnéenne de Normandie,’ 2e Ser., t. vi.;

by the Society. ‘Bullettino della Societa Entomologica Italiana,’ t. v.,

trim. 4; by the Society. ‘The Canadian Entomologist,’ vol. vi. no. 1; by

the Editor. ‘Newman's Entomologist’ and the ‘ Zoologist’ for March; by

the Editor. ‘The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine’ for March; by the

Editors. ‘L’Abeille, 1874,’ 6e livr.; by the Editor. ‘A Synonymie List of

British Lepidoptera,’ by Henry Doubleday, Second Edition, with Supple-

ment, 1873; by J. W. Dunning, Esq.

Exhibitions, é&c.

Mr. M‘Lachlan exhibited two male examples of an Orthopterous insect

belonging to the family Locustide, which had been placed in his hands by

Mr. Daniel Hanbury, who received them some years since from his brother

at Shanghai. It appeared from Mr. Hanbury’s statements that these

insects were sold in the streets of Shanghai, confined in little ornamental

wicker cages, and bought for the sound they produced. ‘The species

appeared to be undescribed, and to pertain to a new genus, somewhat

allied to Xiphidium. The President remarked that in Turkey a kind of

cricket was kept in a similar manner in paper cages and fed upon lettuce-

leaves.

Mr. M‘Lachlan also exhibited a series of examples illustrating the natural

history of Oniscigaster Wakefieldi from New Zealand, described and figured

by him from the female imago, in the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,’

x. pp. 108—110 (October, 1873). He had now received from Mr. Wake-

field a second series of specimens, including the male imago, female sub-

imago, adult nymph and larva. The lateral wing-like horny expansions of

the terminal segments of the abdomen in the imago and sub-imago are

continued in the aquatic conditions on each segment of the abdomen, and

in addition there are similar formations along the back of the abdomen

placed longitudinally and vertically.

Mr. M‘Lachlan further remarked that in the Bulletin of the Proceedings

of the French Entomological Society, at the Seance of the 28th January

last, M. Guenée avowed himself much puzzled concerning the supposed

aquatic larva producing a species of moth, described by M. Bar as Palustra

Laboulbenei, which he considered was allied to the genus Cnethocampa.

He thought further information very desirable, for all the characters of the

insect were opposed to aquatic habits in any stage; and he suggested that

the bubbles of air entangled in the hairs might be only expired air.

The Rev. A. E. Eaton exhibited a few Arctic insects which he had

brought from Spitsbergen. Amongst others were a Trichopterous insect,

probably Goniotaulius arcticus, Boheman; and also some Lepidoptera,

Plutella cruciferarum, the larva of which feeds on a species of Draba and a

species of Phycita, near to sub-ornatella. They were mostly collected on the

higher parts of the hills, where there was a very small amount of vegetation.

He also exhibited several excellent photographs, illustrative of the scenery

of those desolate regions; and pointed out some depressions in the ground

where patches of stunted willows grew, from which he obtained specimens

of a kind of sawfly.

Mr. Champion exhibited a specimen of Cassida vittata taken by Mr.

Walker near Chatham. The red colour was of peculiar brilliancy when

alive, though its brightness had since somewhat faded.

A further communication was received from Mr. J. V. Gooch respecting

the injury to the coffee trees in Natal from the Longicorn beetle, Anthores

leuconotus, Pascoe. Mr. Gooch remarked that he was disposed to think

that the plants were suffering from fungus before they were attacked by

the insect, and stated that the ground into which the coffee-plants had

been put contained a large number of decaying roots of the trees which

formerly stood there for ages; and that when cleared for planting with

coffee, these roots were carelessly left in the ground, though, at the time,

there was no idea in the minds of the planters as to any injury being

likely to arise from them. He had drawn his son’s attention to this

point, and he hoped before long to obtain some information which might

prove of interest to the Society, and which he would not fail to com-

municate to them.

Papers read.

The following papers were communicated, viz. :—

“On some New Species of South-African Lyczenide.” By Roland Trimen,

F.L.S.

“Descriptions of New Species of Lycenide,” from his own Collection.

By W. C. Hewitson, F.L.S., F.Z.S.

New Parts of ‘ Transactions.’

Part V. of the ‘ Transactions’ for 1873, concluding the volume, was on

the table; and also Part I. of the ‘ Transactions’ for 1874.

16th March, 1874.

Sir Sipney Suirn Saunpers, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks yoted to the

donors :—‘ Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural History,’ vol. xiv.,

nos. 15—27; vol. xy., parts, 1 and 2; presented by the Society. ‘ Bulletin

Vill

of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences,’ nos. 2 and 3; by the Society.

‘On the Carboniferous Myriapods preserved in the Sigillarian stumps of

Nova Scotia,’ by Samuel H. Scudder; by the Author.

Exhibitions, é&c.

Mr. Champion exhibited specimens of Euryporus picipes taken near

Chatham, by Mr. Walker.

Mr. Edward Saunders exhibited a box of Buprestide from the Philippine

Islands, collected by Dr. Semper. |

Mr. Smith directed attention to an article in ‘ Household Words’ of 30th

December, 1855, in which a description was given of the ravages of locusts,

and stating that the locusts devoured woollen materials and leather, a fact

of which he was not hitherto aware.

At the request of Dr. Sharp, the Secretary read the following note :—

“T find that in his Address at the recent Anniversary Meeting of the

Society, the late President noticed a pamphlet recently published on the

subject of Zoological Nomenclature.

“In this notice the President states that Dr. Sharp proposes to have

‘three names for each species.’ This statement, however, does not only not

represent what I propose, but is calculated to convey such a misconception

about my propositions, that I do not think it would be right to allow it to

pass without observation from me.

“So far from having ‘three names for each species,’ it is my object to

have but one name for each species. I do not consider it desirable that the

classificatory name shall be used at all as a part of the name of a species.

And the main object of the pamphlet noted by the learned President is to

facilitate the complete separation of species nomenclature from classification

nomenclature. ‘Till this object be attained there can be no solution of the

nomenclature question ; and the only way of obtaining it is either to establish

a separate mononymic system of species names, or to adopt the compromise

proposed by me.”

Papers read.

‘Notes on a Collection of Buprestide from the Philippine Islands, with

Descriptions of New Species.” By Edward Saunders, F'.L.S.

“Tllustrations of several additional Species of Lucanide in the Collection

of Major F. J. Sidney Parry.” By J. O. Westwood, M.A., F.LS., &.

ra y con 2 a Madd

NA L Pr@) pote

April 6, 1874.

Sir SipNey Smira SaunpuErs, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ Proceedings of the Royal Society,’ no. 150; presented by the

Society. ‘Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London, Session

1873—74 ;’ by the Society. ‘L’Abeille,’ tome ix., livr. 7 and 8; by the

Editor. ‘Newman’s Entomologist’ and ‘ The Zoologist,’ for April; by the

Editor. ‘'The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,’ for April; by the Editors.

‘Exotic Butterflies,’ part 90: by the Author, W. C Hewitson, Esq.

Election of Members.

Messrs. W. Garneys, M.R.C.S., of Repton; Philip B. Mason, M.R.C.S.,

of Burton-on-Trent; and Nathaniel C. Tuely, Esq., of Wimbledon Park,

were severally balloted for and elected Ordinary Members.

Exhibitions, éc.

Mr. Frederick Smith communicated to the Society the fact of his having

captured seven specimens of Andrena tibialis, on Hampstead Heath, on

the previous Friday, April 3rd, two being females and five males. One of

the females had the exuvice of two males of Stylops remaining in the abdo-

men, the other female had had one male of Stylops, and also a female which

of course remained in the abdomen of the bee. Of the male Andrene, one

contained two females, a second having one of the same sex remaining in

its abdomen. Mr; Smith mentioned this circumstance to give collectors of

Coleoptera an opportunity of capturing the rare Stylops; and recom-

mended searching for Stylopized bees between the hours of nine and

twelve in the morning, as, according to his experience, the Stylops always

emerged from the body of the bee on the day on which the latter first

quitted its nest, should the day be bright and sunny; and he also mentioned

the fact of his never having captured a bee which had a male Stylops

remaining in its abdomen, at a later hour of the day than twelve o’clock.

He had himself bred Stylops five or six times, and had neyer done so later

than the month of April; always having captured the attacked, or infested,

bees early in the day. On one occasion he bred a Stylops on the same day

on which he had captured the infested Andrena, conveying the bee home,

shut up ina pill-box; then, on arriving home, he had placed the bee in

the sun, enclosed in a wooden box having a glass lid; when, in the

course of half-an-hour, the Stylops quitted the body of the bee. On other

occasions he had kept Stylopized bees in pill-boxes the whole of the day of

capture, but on placing them in a good-sized glass-topped box, and supplying

the bee with a few fresh flowers, the Stylops had emerged early the

following morning.

The President remarked that he had once found a large number of bees

in the afternoon at dusk, some of which contained male Stylops, but on that

occasion the morning had been wet and dull, and therefore the bees had

probably only just made their appearance. Some further discussion ensued,

during which the President stated that during flight the males do not move

the rudimentary anterior wings (or “ elytra”).

Some further remarks were communicated by Mr. Gooch, of Natal,

respecting the ravages of a Longicorn beetle in the coffee plantations there,

which gave rise to a discussion as to whether the larvee of Longicorn beetles

attack healthy wood or not, a remark having been made by Mr. Newman

in the ‘ Entomologist’ that, according to his experience of fifty years, he

had never found the larvee of Longicorn beetles in decayed wood, or those

of Lamellicorn beetles in sound wood. Mr. M‘Lachlan stated that from his

own observations, healthy wood was not attacked by British species of the

family, though there were exceptions, such as Saperda populnea. Mr.

Smith remarked that he once attempted to sit upon a rail which broke

under him, when it was found to be infested with Rhagium bifasciatum, and

was completely rotten; and the President had experienced the same thing

in Turkey with regard to a chair which was destroyed by Longicorn larve.

Mr. Janson thought that the larvee of Lougicorus do not attack wood, rotten

from other causes; but Mr. M‘Lachlan understood Mr. Newman’s observa-

tion to refer to living and healthy trees.

Papers read.

The following papers were communicated, viz. :— ,

“Descriptions of Tenthredinide, Ichneumonide, Chrysidide and For-

micide, from Japan.” By Frederick Smith.

“Further Descriptions of Lucanoid Coleoptera.” By Major F. J. Sidney

Parry, F.L.S.

May 4, 1874.

Sir Srpney Surry SaunpeErs, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Additions to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ Proceedings of the Royal Society,’ no. 151; presented by the

Society. ‘ Verhandlungen der k. k. zoologisch-botanischen Gesellschaft in

Wien,’ xiii. band; by the Society. ‘ Proceedings of the Linnean Society of

London,’ Meetings 19th March and 2nd April ; by the Society. ‘ Tijdschrift

voor Entomologie,’ 2nd ser. viii.; by the Entomological Society of the

Netherlands. ‘Sepp’s Nederlandsche Insecten,’ 2nd ser. iii. nos. 13—24;

*Schetsen ten gebruike bij de Studie der Hymenoptera,’ i.—iv.; by the

Author, Dr. 8. C. Snellen yon Vollenhoven. ‘L’Abeille,’ tome ix. livr. 9;

by the Editor. ‘The Canadian Entomologist,’ vol. vi. no. 3 ; by the Editor.

‘The Zoologist’ and ‘ Newman’s Entomologist’ for May; by the Editor.

‘The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine’ for May; by the Editors.

By purchase.—‘ Catalogus Coleopterorum hucusque descriptorum synony-

micus et systematicus,’ auctoribus Dr. Gemminger et B. de Harold, tom. x.

The Entomological Society of the Netherlands presented a well-executed

medal, struck in honour of Dr. 8. C. Snellen von Vollenhoven, on his

retirement from the office of President, which he had held for twenty

years.

Election of Members.

G. T. Porritt, Esq., of Huddersfield (hitherto a Subscriber), and Herbert

Goss, Hsq., of Brighton, were balloted for and elected Members of the

Society.

Exhibitions, de.

Mr. Butler exhibited an example of arrested development in a peacock

butterfly, bred from the chrysalis, caused by the tail of the pupa having

become detached during the process of emerging; the right wings were

completely developed, whilst the left wings had not developed at all, the

pupa-case remaining attached to the left side of the body of the butterfly.

in St. Leonard’s Forest, and amongst them a specimen, taken at the same

time, of a remarkably pale colour, which might possibly be an albino variety,

but had a very different appearance from the ordinary form.

Mr. Boyd also exhibited some leaves of the common comfrey (Symphytum

officinale), gathered at Cheshunt, the under sides of which were found to be

completely covered with specimens of Brachycentrus subnubilus. There

appeared to be some hundreds of specimens closely packed together, and

they were all dead, or in a moribund state, when found. All were said to

be males, but on close examination a single female specimen was discovered

amongst them. No explanation could be given as to the object of their

congregating together. Mr. Stainton remarked that there were many such

instances of a habit of congregating amongst insects, which were equally

unaccountable, and as an instance he mentioned a fact known to all breeders

of Micro-Lepidoptera respecting the pupation of the greater number of the

Nepticule, the larve of which live solitary as leaf-miners ; but if a number

of leaves, containing larve, are collected and placed together in a box, it is

found that the cocoons are constructed gregariously between certain leaves,

without any apparent reason for the preference.

Mr. Charles O. Waterhouse read the following note by Dr. Lamprey,

Surgeon-Major of the 67th Regiment, on the habits of a boring-beetle found

in British Burmah. A specimen of the insect was exhibited, and also two

portions of stem which had been operated upon. ‘The insect was one of the

Bostrichide belonging to the genus Sinoxylon.

“On examining the plants in my garden one afternoon, I was struck

with what appeared to be an injury done to one of the trees, the name of

which I do not know,—this being the winter season, no blossom apparent,

and nearly all the plants new to me. The branches of this particular tree

are straight, grow upright, and are about half-an-inch to an inch in their

diameter. One of the tallest of these branches, which reached to a height

of about eight feet, was apparently broken and lying on the other branches

as if it was cut or broken off in a mischievous way. I was on the point of

questioning the gardener about it, when I observed the leaves of another

branch quite withered, and, on taking hold of it to bend it towards me, it

snapped in a curiously brittle manner. Looking at where it was broken,

I found the stem to be completely severed with a clean division, and that it

was only kept together by the thin outer layer of the bark. Examining

another branch, I found it snapped in an equally mysterious way, but in

doing so a small black insect fell out of the broken part; it was too rapid

in its movements, and I lost it. On further examination of the broken

parts, and putting them into position again, I found a small circular

opening, about the size of the hole in the gall-nut, and concluded that the

insect I saw had eaten its way into the stem, and by devouring the wood

completely round, and not along its long axis, accounted for the fracture in

this particular locality. Since then I have been on the watch to discover the

insect, and have succeeded in securing two specimens; one was found in the

stem on breaking it across in the position of one of the external apertures:

this specimen is somewhat injured by the loss of one of its elytra. The

other specimen I found had buried itself so far into the stem as just to

leave its posterior part exposed. They are both beetles, about a quarter of

an inch in length, black in colour, and have a large head of peculiar

shape, well adapted, no doubt, to contain powerful muscles and mandibles

for tearing the tough woody fibre of the stem of the plant; but I leave their

description to the entomologists. The office these creatures are no doubt

intended to fulfil in Nature’s economy is to assist in keeping the tropical

vegetation in check. They burrow into the stem of the tree, are rewarded

by the sap and nourishment it affords, and are liberated, after performing

this task, by a gust of wind snapping the undermined and weakened

stem across. They are not found in other trees or shrubs than the one

alluded to. The beetle turns on his side while boring, his back being

towards the bark; in this manner his form suits the circumference of the

stem.”

Xdli

Mr. M‘Lachlan referred to a specimen of a fly (one of the Syrphide),

which he had exhibited at the meeting of 7th July, 1878, as a stronely-

marked instance of gynandromorphism, the sexual organs on the under silo

of the abdomen being placed on one side instead of the middle. He had since

been informed by Mr. Verrall that this was an error, and that the apparent

want of symmetry in those organs was usual in the species. Mr. Verrall,

who was present, stated that the insect was a male specimen of Chrysotoxum

festivum.

New Parts of ‘ Transactions.’

Part II. of the ‘ Transactions’ for 1874 was on the table.

June 1, 1874.

Sir Sipney Sarre Savunpers, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors ;—‘ Transactions of the American Entomological Society,’ vol. ii.

nos. 2 and 3; vol iv. nos. 1—4; presented by the Society. ‘Bulletin of

the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences,’ vol. i. no. 4; by the Society.

‘Bulletin de la Société Impériale des Naturalistes de Moscou,’ 1873, no. 3;

by the Society. ‘ Coleopterologische Hefte,’ xii.; by the Editor, Baron E.

von Harold. ‘Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift,’ 1878, 8, 4; 1874,

1,2; by the Society, ‘The Journal of the Quekett Microscopical Club,’

no. 26; by the Club. ‘The Canadian Entomologist,’ vol. vi. no. 4; by the

Editor. ‘The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine,’ for June; by the Editors,

‘Newman’s Entomologist’ and ‘ The Zoologist’ for June ;’ by the Editor.

Butler, ‘ Lepidoptera Exotica,’ pt. xx., and ‘ Cistula Entomologica,’ pt. ix. ;

by E. W. Janson. ‘The Lepidoptera of Turkestan, from the Collection of

M. Fedtschenko,’ by M. Erschoff; by the Author. ‘Stettiner Entomo-

logische Zeitung,’ vol. xxxv, nos. 1—6; by the Society.

Election of Members.

M. Achille Guenée, of Chateaudun, France, was balloted for and elected

an Honorary Member of the Society, in the room of M. Guérin-Méneville,

deceased.

Mr. Alan Ogier Ward, of Putney, was balloted for and elected a Sub-

scriber to the Society.

Exhibitions, €e.

Mr. M‘Lachlan exhibited specimens of the white ant (Calotermes sp-),

recently bred at Kew from a sample of the wood of the tree (Trachylobium

Hornmannianum) that produces the gum copal of Zanzibar.

X1V

Mr. Stainton read a letter he had received from the Rey. P. H. Newnham,

of Stonehouse, Devon, stating that he had taken two living specimens

of Deiopeia pulchella, on the opposite side of the river Tamar, in Cornwall.

Mr. Stainton remarked on the unusual circumstance of the insect having

been captured at such an early season as the month of May.

Mr. Charles O. Waterhouse sent for exhibition a living specimen of a

Mantid (Empusa pauperata), in the larva or pupa state, brought from

Hyeres by the Rey. Mr. Sandes, of Wandsworth. The captor stated that

he had supplied it with flies, &c., in the hope of ascertaining the mode in

which it seized them, but that he could not induce it to eat anything while

he was looking on. Mr. Stainton suggested that if he had put a living

spider in the cage it would probably have seized it immediately.

The Secretary read the following note, which he had received from

Mr. William D. Gooch, of Spring Vale, Little Umhlanga, Natal, respecting

the habits of the Longicorn “ coffee-borer of Natal :”—

“The egg, as far as we can determine, is laid about the level of the soil,

about the middle of December, at a time when the trees look most healthy,

are making most wood, and the circulation of the sap is most free, it being

also during the damp part of the year. I have, however, despite considerable

investigation, been unable to get specimens of the egg, and so watch the

development of the larva from the earliest stages.

“Specimens of the larva have already been laid before the members of

your Society, but I forward by this post also some specimens.

“In only three cases, about January or December, have I met with any

insect in the bark, between the level of the ground and the roots, at all

corresponding to the larger insect found in the wood. On examining those

trees with larve in, with hardly any exception, we discover the bark eaten

away, or rather, I should say, wanting about the level of the ground; from

this place to the entrance-hole of the borer in the forks of the roots there is

always to be observed a more or less irregular channel or road cut in the

bark leading from one to the other, and in this channel I discovered two of

the three small specimens of larvee mentioned above. The entrance-hole of

the larva is very irregularly placed; sometimes it begins as an excavation

along one of the roots at a fork in the rootlets; sometimes it enters im-

mediately under the first root, hardly below the ground. I have not noticed

the entrance of the larva above ground, except in two instances, when there

was a hole below the lowest primary in one case and the second primary in

the other. I did not, however, satisfactorily determine whether these were the

same insect, or even if so, they might not be considered as accidental cases. —

The excavation of the wood of the tree by the larvee need not be entered into,

as every one must be well aware of their powerful mandibles and their un-

limited appetites. How long the insect remains in the larva form I have

not yet been able to judge; but in consequence of finding always two and

sometimes three distinct sizes in the insects taken out of a hundred trees,

I imagine not less than two years, and possibly so long as three. The first

transformation at present I have only observed in October; but I am half

inclined to think there is a double brood, and another transformation about

May: as I was not in the colony at that time last year, having given my

attention to the question since July last, I am looking forward next month

to deciding this point, as unluckily we have many diseased trees to

operate on.

“T enclosed with the larva formerly sent to you a specimen of the pupa ;

it was first discovered about the beginning of October, and was found till

the middle of December. ‘The first perfect insects were found in the

beginning of December and the last week in November.

“The imago, from the name, I imagine to be Anthorea leuconotus, a

longicorn, with the elytra covered with very fine down, almost a bloom, and

grayish colour, the bases of the elytra being of a reddish chocolate, with a

purplish shot on it when newly emerged. The insect, I think, lies torpid

after its complete transformation till some ‘ drying day’ comes, when it bores

its way out; but what happens to it afterwards I have never been able to

discover: only three specimens were found on the whole estate, although I

offered sixpence each for them, and we were splitting trees with two and three

perfect insects in each of them. When I speak of a ‘drying day,’ I mean

one of the ‘hot winds’ from the north-west, which occur in our spring here,

taking the thermometer up to 100° in the shade, and considerably affecting

insect-life. I noticed especially that the morning after one of these hot

winds, on splitting some of the trees, the insects looked so lively that we

left off splitting in haste, and gathering the trees together in large heaps

burnt them straight off. I said before that only three insects were found

at large on the whole plantation by our people; of these two were im copula

on a primary branch of a coffee-tree, the bark of which had been eaten

away. ‘This at once suggested to me whether the female before depositing

her eggs may not decorticate a small portion of the trunk for the purpose of

depositing? TI did not see a single specimen on the wing, and in many

cases I found the elytra so hard to open that they seemed soldered ; nor

could I by exposure to the sun or any other means ever induce the perfect

insects to take wing; they always crawled.

“ So far I have dealt with the insects; I may now add, in reply to some

remarks communicated by you in your minutes, that Mr. Keit, the Botanical

Curator of our Gardens here, says that he sees no cause whatever to believe

that the trees were at all diseased previous to their being attacked by Ane

insects; nor do they seem specially affected in any way, yielding ote ie

and looking well till the borer has very often emerged, after es ve : oe

guish and die rapidly. I hear from other managers, 0” chen i ei S

often on one aspect, N. and N.E., they find the developed grub as m

XV1

90 per cent., but that, in the same valley, the opposite slope, 8.W. and

S.E. (our cold slopes), the insect is not present above 5 per cent, although

the mortality of the trees is about the same. From this I gather either

that the insect is a secondary cause, or that the cold aspect is not favorable

to the development of the insect beyond the stage when they have damaged

the bark, and so more or less killed the tree. In slopes it is noticeable that

the lowest side of the tree is that attacked, where by washing from rains

the more tender bark is exposed, and where very likely the drought cracks

it a little. My proposed remedies and modus operandi for the prevention

of this evil are as follows :-—

“1, To remove all trees which are visibly affected before the insect

matures. ‘This, through non-comprehension of the cause of disease, was

not done, and our estate and the adjoining one have suffered by the

presence of so many centres of evil left to take effect upon the surrounding

coffee.

«2, About the time the egg or young insect is still in or under the bark,

to keep a staff of men rubbing the trees round the roots with iron gloves,

or sticks, with sand, so as to crush the insect in its larva-state.

«3, About the time the insect emerges, to keep boys hunting for and

picking off the beetle as it adheres to the tree.

“4, To let the same boys search for newly-made holes of emergence, and

pass wires, &c., down them, so as to destroy the insects therein, in case the

beetle should have the habit of re-entering the hole as a cache during

the day.

«Your member’s suggestion as to the non-destruction of insectivorous

birds is a very good one; but I am afraid they are too few, or rather the

insect-life is so immense, that they will not play a very important part in

helping us. No one shoots birds in the bush round us.”

Referring to one of the modes adopted by Mr. Gooch for killing the

larve, Mr. Dunning suggested that rubbing the bark of the trees round

the roots, as stated, would hardly have the desired effect, and would probably

damage the tree more than the insect. Dr. Horn (of Philadelphia) also

doubted the efficacy of the remedy of inserting wires in the holes, which he

compared to shutting the stable-door when the steed was stolen. He stated

that in Philadelphia a public park had been planted with a great many

different kinds of exotic trees, and amongst them were some pines, which

were all destroyed by two of their native species, Callidium antennatum

and Monohammus dentator. None of their native trees suffered, but the

foreign Conifers were killed immediately. Dr. Horn also stated that it was

his belief that the Longicorns attack healthy trees, and that the Conifer

in question had been previously noticed as the finest and healthiest young

trees in the park. The lime trees from Europe were also destroyed in a

similar manner by hosts of Saperde. Mr. M‘Lachlan repeated what he

XVli

had stated on a former occasion, that European entomologists generally

were of opinion that the majority of the European species of Longicorns do

not attack living trees while in a perfectly healthy state.

Papers read.

Mr. A. G. Butler communicated a paper entitled “ Descriptions of some

New Species and a New Genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera in the Collection of

Herbert Druce, Esq.”

M. Henri Deyrolle communicated some “ Descriptions of New Species of

Lucanide, from the Collection of Major F. J. Sidney Parry.”

Mr. Frederick Smith read a paper entitled “A Revision of the Hy-

menopterous Genera Cleptes, Parnopes, Anthracias, Pyria and Stilbum,

with Descriptions of New Species of those Genera and also of New Species

of the Genus Chrysis from North China and from Australia.” With regard

to the genus Anthracias in the above paper, Mr. Smith remarked that a

genus had been created by Klug, in the ‘ Berichte,’ under that name, but

that the detailed generic characters had not been given, although he had

mentioned the essential one,—that of the abdomen being composed above,

of only two (visible) segments, instead of three, as in the other Hymenoptera.

No mention had been made of it by any other hymenopterist, and nobody

appeared to know anything about it; but latterly he had purchased the

collection of Mr. Shuckard, and in it he had found a single imperfect

specimen, which was undoubtedly belonging to the genus described by

Klug. It was mixed with specimens of Parnopes carnea, for which it had

no doubt been mistaken, and which it very much resembled.

July 6, 1874.

Sir Sipnry Suire Saunpers, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France,’ ser. 5, tome iii. ;

presented by the Society. ‘ Proceedings of the Zoological Society of Loudon,’

18738, pt. 4, and 1874, pt. 1; by the Society. ‘ Proceedings of the Royal

Society,’ no. 152; by the Society. ‘Proceedings of the Boston Society of

Natural History,’ vol. xii. pp. 8369—482; vol. xiii. pp. 1—224; by the

Society. ‘Fifth Annual Report of the Trustees of the Peabody Academy

of Science ;’ by the Academy. ‘Sixth Annual Report of the United States

XVill

Geological Survey of the Territories, embracing portions of Montana, Idaho,

Wyoming and Utah; beinga Report of Progress of the Explorations for the

year 1872,’ by F. V. Hayden, United States Geologist: ‘Our Common

Insects, a popular Account of the Insects of our Fields, Forests, Gardens

and Houses,’ by A. S. Packard, jun.; ‘Catalogue of the Phalenide of

California,’ no. 2, by A. S. Packard, jun.; ‘Catalogue of the Pyralide

of California, with Descriptions of new Californian Pterophoride,’ by A. 8.

Packard, jun.; ‘Synopsis of the Thysanura of Essex County, Mass., with

Descriptions of a few Extra-limital Forms,’ by A. S. Packard, jun.; ‘Further

Observations on the Embryology of Limulus, with Notes on its Affinities,’

by A. S. Packard, jun.; ‘ Record of American Entomology, for the year 1872,’

edited by A. S. Packard, jun.; ‘Third Annual Report on the Injurious

and Beneficial Insects of Massachusetts made to the State Board of Agri-

culture,’ by A. S. Packard, jun. ; all presented by A.S. Packard, jun., M.D. ;

‘Sixth Annual Report on the Noxious, Beneficial and other Insects of the

State of Missouri, made to the State Board of Agriculture, pursuant to an

Appropriation for this purpose from the Legislature of the State,’ by Charles

V. Riley, State Entomologist; by the Author. ‘The American Naturalist,’

1872, no. 12; 1878, nos. 1—12; 1874, no. 1; by the Peabody Academy

of Science. ‘Transactions of the Norfolk and Norwich Naturalists’ Society,

presented to the Members for 1873—4; Supplement, Norfolk Lepidoptera; ’

by the Author, Charles G. Barrett. ‘L’Abeille,’ livr. 10O—12; by the

Editor. ‘Exotic Butterflies,’ part 91; by W.C. Hewitson, Esq. ‘The

Canadian Entomologist,’ vol. vi., no. 5; by the Editor. ‘La Partenogenesi

e Semipartenogenesi delle Api per Giotto Ulivi;’ by the Author. ‘The

Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine’ for July; by the Editors. ‘ Newman’s

Entomologist’ and ‘The Zoologist’ for July; by the Editor.

By purchase :—‘ The Zoological Record for 1872.’

Exhibitions, dc.

Professor Westwood exhibited specimens of Haltica (Batophila) erata,

which he had found to be very injurious to young rose-leaves. Also a

portion of a walnut attacked by a Lepidopterous larva, probably a Tor-

trix, but he was unable to name the species, as it produced only an

Ichneumon. It was the first instance he had known of a walnut being

attacked by any insect in this country. Mr. M‘Lachlan suggested that

the larva might be that of Carpocapsa splendana, a species which usually

feeds on acorns; and Mr. Moore stated that he had bred that species from

a walnut.

Professor Westwood made some remarks on the Yucca Moth (Pronuba —

Yuccasella, Riley), of which some fifty specimens had been sent to him, in

the pupa state, by Mr. Riley; but he had succeeded in rearing only three

of them. He exhibited a drawing of a portion of the insect, showing the

X1x

peculiar form of the palpi, which were specially adapted for collecting the

pollen, which it transferred to the stigmatic surface as the insect road

from flower to flower. He pointed out the great importance of the insect

in the economy of nature, as it appeared to be the only agent by which the

plant was rendered fertile. He directed attention toa description of the

insect and its habits by Mr. Riley, in his ‘Sixth Annual Report of the

Insects of Missouri.’

Professor Westwood also exhibited some bees which had been sent to

him from Dublin, having been found attacking the hives of the honey bees.

They were smaller than the honey bee, and black, and he considered them

to be merely a degenerated variety of Apis mellifica. He suggested the

probability of their being identical with the “black bees” mentioned by

Hiiber. Also Hiiber had spoken of bees which he called « Captains,”

which were furnished with “coronets” on their heads; but he suspected

that these coronets might have been merely the pollen which the insects

had collected.

Mr. Champion exhibited Amara alpina and other beetles taken at Avie-

more, in Inverness-shire.

The Secretary exhibited larvae, pups and imago of a Dipterous insect

which had been found, in the larva state, in an old Turkey carpet. The

larva was very long, slender and serpentiform, white and shining, and had

somewhat the appearance of a wireworm, only much longer and without

feet. Professor Westwood thought it might belong to the genus Sceno-

pinus.

Mr. Bond exhibited some minute parasites from a bat, probably identical

with Argas pipistrelle ; and also some Acari from a small species of fly:

both were from the Isle of Wight.

Mr. W. C. Boyd exhibited two specimens of Thecla Rubi from St.

Leonard's Forest, differing from the ordinary type in having a pale spot

in each fore wing.

Mr. Wormald exhibited a collection of butterflies sent from Japan by

Mire E. S$. Pryer. ;

Mr. W. Cole exhibited leaves of ash affected by some small dipterous

larvee (probably Cecidomyia), which caused the two edges of the leaflets to

turn upwards and meet above, thus assuming a pod-like form. They were

from West Wickham Wood. .

Mr. F. Smith exhibited some earthen cocoons found in a salt marsh at

Weymouth by Mr. Joshua Brown. They proved to belong to a dipterous

insect (Macherium maritimum), one of the Dolichopide. They 7

found lying on the wet, salt sand or mud, and mostly fell to pieces when

touched.

Mr. 8. Stevens exhibited specimens of Agrotera nemoralis and other

Lepidopterous insects from Abbot's Wood, Lewes.

Mr. Butler exhibited a very rare book on butterflies, which he accom-

panied with the following remarks :—

Notes on Lee’s § Coloured Specimens to Illustrate the Natural History of

Butterflies.’ (London, 1806.)

«The exceedingly scarce, if not unique, book which has recently come

into the possession of Mr. E. W. Janson has not hitherto been quoted in any

synonymic catalogue, and as it contains plates and diagnoses of no less than

nineteen species, it is important, now that an opportunity has occurred, to

record them at once.

Pl. I. Papilio Hyparete, Lee = (Delias) Eucharis, Drury. Lee remarks

as follows:—‘ This specimen does not exactly answer the description of

Linneus, nor yet of Fabricius; yet it comes so near to both that there is

no doubt of its being the same, either with some slight variation, or that

the colours of the specimen have in some degree changed. The yellowish

hue on the upper side of the anterior wings is described by them as being

white; nor is any notice taken of the marginal flesh-coloured spots on the

extremity of the posterior wings. It will not, however, by any means

answer the description of the Hucharis of Fabricius: and Drury clearly

describes Hyparete, as given here, and as mentioned by Fabricius, under

the name of Eucharis. Linneus has no fly under the name of Eucharis.

The insect is in itself extremely beautiful and delicate, and when alive must

be very brilliant.’ Fortunately the figure in Clerck’s ‘ Icones’ sufficiently

determines what the P. Hyperate (sic) of Linneus is; Fabricius, however,

confounded the two species together as Lee has done. Drury figured and

described his P. Eucharis in 1773; it was first described by Fabricius

in L¥V 0.

Pl. II. Papilio Thersites, Lee = Papilio Turnus, Linn. Lee says :—

‘ Respecting this butterfly, of which Fabricius gives so detailed a description,

Linneus is wholly silent. It was either unknown to him or described

under a different name. Indeed it so nearly resembles the Papilio Machaon

of the latter that it may be considered as a variety of that fly.’ The true

P. Thersites is so entirely distinct that the ‘detailed description’ of

Fabricius seems to have been of very little use to Mr. Lee. I think our

American friends will hardly agree with his concluding sentence.

Pl. III. Papilio Dido, Lee = (Colcenis) Dido, Linn.

Pl. IV. Papilio Aineas, Lee = Papilio Zacynthus, Fabr.

Pl. V. Papilio Charithonia, Lee = (Heliconius) Charithonia, Linn.

Pl. VI. Papilio Achilles, Zee = (Morpho) Achilles, Linn.

Pl. VII. Papilio Plexippus, Lee = (Danais) Archippus, Fabr. It is

doubtful whether the P. Plexippus, Linn., was not this species.

Pls. VIII. and IX. Papilio Priamus, Lee = (Ornithoptera) Priamus, Linn.

Pl. X. Papilio Pheerusa, Lee = (Coleenis) Pheerusa, Linn.

Pl. XI. Papilio Demoleus, Lee = Papilio Demoleus, Linn. Lee remarks

that this species ‘is found both in India and the Cape,’ proving that he

confounded it with P. Erithonius.

Pl. XII. Papilio Machaon, Lee = Papilio Machaon, Linn.

Pl. XIII. Papilio Paris, Lee — Papilio Paris, Linn.

Pl. XIV. Papilio Idalia, Lee = (Argynnis) Idalia, Drury.

Pl. XV. Papilio Leilus, Lee = (Urania) Leilus, Linn.

Pl. XVI. Papilio Hector, Lee = Papilio Hector, Linn.

Pl. XVII. Papilio Polymnestor, Lee = Papilio Polymnestor, Fabr.

Pl. XVIII. Papilio ? Lee = (Diadema) Pandarus ¢, Linn.

IPRS EX: By »» == (Castnia) Evalthe, Fabr.

BL, & »5 == (Diadema) Ange ¢, Cramer.

“With regard to Pl. XVIII. Lee says:—‘It has been said to be the fly

mentioned by Fabricius, in the ‘ Mantissa Insectorum,’ under the name of

Calisto, No. 459, in the division of N ymphales Gemmati, but the description

by no means corresponds with it.’”

Papers read, dc.

The Rev. H. S. Gorham read a paper descriptive of Endomycid Coleoptera

not contained in his Catalogue “‘ Endomycici Recitati.” Also some remarks

on the Genus Helota (Nitidulide), and a new species belonging to that

genus, from Japan. :

Dr. Sharp communicated a supplementary paper on some additional

Coleoptera from Japan.

Professor Westwood communicated Descriptions of new Species of

Cetoniide, principally from the collection of Mr. Higgins, and accompanied

by drawings.

The President announced that the Library of the Society would remain

for the present at No. 12, Bedford Row, pending the result of negociations

in progress for its removal to more suitable quarters.

New Part of ‘ Transactions.’

Part III. of the ‘ Transactions’ for 1874 was on the table.

November 2, 1874.

Sir Sripney Suita Saunvers, O.M.G., President, in the chair.

Additions to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to ae

donors :—‘ Proceedings of the Royal Society,’ nos. 153—155; presente

by the Society. ‘Proceedings of the Scientific Meetings of the Zoological

Society of London,’ 1874, parts 2 and 3; by the Society. ‘The Journal of

the Quekett Microscopical Club,’ no. 27; by the Club. ‘Annales de la

Société Entomologique de Belgique,’ t. xvii. fasc.1; by the Society. ‘ Bul-

letin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences,’ vol.ii.,no.2; by the Society.

‘Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung, 1874, nos. 7—9; by the Society.

‘Boletin de la Academia Nacional des Ciencias Exactas existente en la

Universidad de Cordova,’ entrega i., ii.; by the Academy. ‘ Bulletin de la

Societe Imperiale des Naturalistes de Moscou,’ 18738, no. 4, and 1874,

uo. 1; by the Society. ‘Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London

(Session 1873—74); by the Society. ‘Memoires de l’Académie Royale des

Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-Arts de Belgique,’ t. xl.; by the Academy.

‘Bulletins de l’Académie Royale des Sciences, des Lettres et des Beaux-

Arts de Belgique,’ Ser. 2, t. xxxv. and xxxvi.; by the Academy. ‘ Mitthei-

lungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft,’ vol. iv., Heft

no. 5; by the Society. ‘Proceedings of the Boston Society of Natural

History,’ vol. xv. pts. 3 and 4; vol. xvi. pts. 1 and 2; by the Society.

‘Memoirs of the Boston Society of Natural History,’ vol. ii., part ii.,

no. iv.; part iii, nos. i. and ii.; by the Society. ‘The Transactions of

the Linnean Society,’ vol. xxviii, part 4; vol. xxx., part 1; by the

Society. ‘The Canadian Entomologist,’ nos. 6—8; by the Editor.

‘Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections— Monographs of the Diptera

of North America,’ part ili., by H. Loew; by the Smithsonian Institution.

‘L’Abeille,’ 1874, livr. 13 and 15—18; by the Editor. ‘ Iconographie

et Description de Chenilles et Lepidoptéres, inéedits par P. Millicre,

t. iii., livr. 33 and 34; by J. W. Dunning, Esq. ‘The Entomologist’s’

Monthly Magazine,’ August—November; by the Editors. ‘Newman's

Entomologist’ and ‘The Zoologist,’ August—October; by the Editor.

‘Exotic Butterflies,’ part 92; by the Author, W. C. Hewitson, Esq.

‘ Observations on Bees and Wasps,’ by Sir John Lubbock, Bart., F.R.S.,

M.P., F.L.S., Vice-Chancellor of the University of London; by the Author.

‘On a New Genus and Species (Hyl@ocarcinus Humet) of Land Crabs from

the Nicobar Islands,’ by James Wood-Mason, of Queen’s College, Oxford ;

by the Author. ‘Canons of Systematic Nomenclature for the Higher

Groups;’ ‘ Fossil Insects from the Rocky Mountains;’ ‘ The Curious History

ofa Butterfly ;’ ‘The two Principal Groups of Urbicole (Hesperide, auct.);’

‘Note on the Species of Glaucopsyche from Easteru North America ;’ ‘ Ten-

tamen determinationis Digestionis atque Denominationis Singularum Stir-

pium Lepidopterorum, peritis ad inspiciendum et dijudicandum communi-

catum, a Jacobo Hubner ;’ by the Author, 8. H. Scudder.

By purchase :—‘ Catalogus Coleoptorum hucusque descriptorum Synony-

micus et Systematicus, autoribus Dr.Gemminger et B. de Harold ;’ tome xi.

Chrysomelids (pars i.).

’

XXili

Exhibitions, de.

Mr. Stevens exhibited three specimens of Deiopeia pulchella, taken at

Arundel and Deal, and a Noctua from Dover that he had not been able to

identify.

Prof. Westwood remarked that the late Lieut.-Gen. Sir J. B. Hearsey had

frequently observed D. pulchella to be very destructive in gardens in different

parts of India. He also stated of the specimens of Pronuba Yuccasella sent

to him by Mr. Riley from Missouri, as noticed at last meeting, several of

them had emerged from the pupa-cases a few days after, and the remainder

had continued to emerge during three months. He further remarked that

he had recently seen the collection of Lepidoptera of Herrich-Scheffer, now

in possession of his son Dr. Scheeffer, of Ratisbon, but that, unfortunately,

they had been so much neglected that the greater part were in the worst

condition. The collection of Tortrices formed by the late Herr Fischer v.

Réslerstamm were, however, still in good preservation. At Geneva he had

visited the new buildings erected for the scientific collections; but those

buildings having been erected in the old moat of the town, he regretted to

observe that the unarranged portions of the collections, which were deposited

in the lower floors, had suffered in consequence from damp. The collection

of Coleoptera formed by M. Melly, being on the upper floor, were in good

order.

Mr. Bird exhibited specimens of the following rare Lepidoptera, viz. :—

1. Sesia culiciformis. Bred from pups obtained at Rowhill Wood, near

Bexley. The usual type with the red baud across the body is not un-

common, but those exhibited had the band yellow. Mr. Bird had bred

several this and last year, and in both years the proportion was almost

exactly the same, viz. one yellow to every twenty-five with the red

band. ,

2, Limacodes asellus, with pupa-case. Bred (for the first time) from pups

found by a friend at Marlow, Bucks, attached to the leaves of the beech.

8. Nola albulalis. Taken near London.

4. Nonagria brevilinea. Taken at Horning Fen, Norfolk. This appears

to be a scarce insect; two of the specimens exhibited were without the

characteristic short line at the base of the wing.

5. Pterophorus rhododactylus, with pupa-case. Bred.

antis religiosa, with two

; i : “no imens of M

Mr. Jenner Weir exhibited specs in Tyrol, in September

of the egg-cases, taken by himself at Meran,

last. ; d for printing

: chibi inter’s block (such as 1s used tor p )

Mr. M‘Lachlan exhibited a prin and be was informed that

a species of Anobium,

: ter’s stock of these blocks.

ting-bills) attacked by

ae amage to the prim

the insect was causing serlous d

XXIV

The wood was believed to be pear-tree. He had recommended soaking the

blocks in a mixture of carbolic acid and water.

Papers read, dc.

Dr. Sharp communicated ‘‘ Descriptions of New Genera and Species of

Pselaphide and Scydmeenide from Australia and New Zealand.” The paper

contained descriptions of forty-four new species, three of them belonging to

the family Scydmeenide. Of the forty-one species of Pselaphide, twenty-six

were from Australia and fifteen from New Zealand, the latter being the first

specimens of Pselaphide that had, as yet, been obtained from New Zealand.

He believed that the islands would prove to be rich in Pselaphide, and

alluded to the great scientific importance of an accurate knowledge of the

New Zealand fauna, and to the special importance of gaining as rapidly as

possible a knowledge of the existing Coleoptera, as such knowledge would

contribute largely to the solution of many important scientific questions ;

and asa large proportion of the species were confined to small areas of

distribution there was great reason to fear they would be easily killed out,

and thus the fauna itself would disappear with the changes caused by

colonization and the cultivation of the soil.

Mr. Darwin communicated a paper containing remarks by )..s. Barber,

of Griqualand, South Africa, on the colour of the pupa of Papilio Nireus, in

connection with the surroundings of its place of attachment, the pupa

appearing to assume a protective resemblance to the surface to which it is

fixed, and suggesting that some photographic influence might be at work.

A discussion ensued, in which Professor Westwood, Mr. M‘Lachlan and

others took part; and Mr. Meldola remarked, in reply to Mr. M‘Lachlan, |

that the action of light upon the sensitive skin of a pupa had no analogy

with its action on any known photographic chemical. No known sub-

stance retained permanently the colour reflected on it by adjacent objects.

Mr. Meldola further observed that there was no difficulty in believing

that larvee might become affected in colour by the colouring matter of the

food-plantysince chlorophyll in an unaltered condition had been found in

the tissues of green larve. Facts of this nature did not, however, exclude

the possibility of the action of Natural Selection in such cases, for the

property of showing the colour of the tissues through the skin, if of

advantage to the species, would be preserved through this agency, as already

discussed in a paper published in the Proc. Zool. Soc. for February, 1873.

The Secretary read a letter he had received from Mr. Ogier Ward,

enclosing a drawing of a spider’s nest, with some remarks thereon by

Mr. Charles O. Waterhouse. Mr. Ward had found the nest attached to

some long grass in a quarry near Poissy, on the Seine. Mr. Waterhouse,

on examination, found it to be nearly filled with sand, but in the centre he

found ‘“‘a dry, rough, flat piece” attached to the base, which on soaking in

XXV

water for some hours, he discovered to be filled with a number of minute

spiders measuring one-twelfth of an inch. The granules of sand were held

together and to the inner-bag by fine threads: of web. He believed the

object of the sand was to prevent the case being blown away, but he was not

aware to what species the nest appertained.

Mr. W. F. Kirby contributed a review of Dr. Boisduval’s « Monographie

des Agaristidées,” published in the ‘ Revue et Magasin de Zoologie,’ 1874,

pp: 26—110. He directed attention to the absence, in Dr. Boisduyal’s

arrangement, of the genera Mania and Larunda, Hiibn. (Sematura and

Coronis, auct.), the former of which has been placed by all authors close to

Nyctalemon, and at times even included in the genus.

Mr. Butler communicated “ Descriptions of three new Species and a

new Genus of Diurnal Lepidoptera from the collection of Andrew Swanzy,

Esq.”

Mr. Charles O. Waterhouse contributed “ Notes on Australian Coleoptera,

with descriptions of new Species.”

The Rey. R. P. Murray communicated “ Descriptions of some new Species

of Butterflies belonging to the Genus Lycena.” He added thereto some

remarks on the species furnished with spots on the anal angle of the hind

wing, and also on those furnished with tails—neither of which characters

he considered sufficient to afford generic distinctions.

November 16, 1874.

J. W. Dunnine, Esq., M.A., F.L.S., Vice-President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ The Journal of the Linnean Society,’ Zoology, no. 58; presented

by the Society. ‘The Canadian Entomologist,’ vol. vi., no.9; by the Editor.

The ‘ Zoologist’ and ‘Newman's Entomologist’ for November; by the Editor.

‘L’Abeille,’ tome xi., livr. 19 ; by the Editor.

Election of Subscribers.

R. E. Bull, Esq., of 85, Milton-street, Dorset-square; F’. Fitch, :

8, Manor-terrace, Camberwell, were elected Subscribers.

Esq., ot

Exhibitions, de.

exhibited some rare species of Cetoniide from Borneo, Vite

emarkable Dynastiform insect

Mr. Higgins

Lomaptera Higginsii, 0. Janson, and a Xr

XXV1

named by Count Castelnau, Westwoodia Howittii. Also two smaller speci-

mens which had been supposed to be females of the last-named species, but

were, more probably, females of an insect of which the male was unknown.

The Secretary exhibited a collection of fine species of Lepidoptera,

forwarded by Mr. W. D. Gooch, from Natal, for determination.

The Rey. O. Pickard Cambridge sent a note on the curious spider’s nest

exhibited at the last meeting. It was unknown to him, and had it not been

for a remark in Mr. Ward's letter implying that the nest he found belonged

to a symmetrical (geometrical) web, he should have conjectured that it was

the work of an Agelena. If, however, the nest was appurtenant to a sym-

metrical web it must belong to a spider of the family Epéirides. He did

not think the sand in the nest was at all designed as ballast, but as a

protection against the heat of the sun (sand being a non-conductor) and also

against parasites. Mr. Smith remarked that the mud-coating of the nest of

Agelena brunnea did not preserve that species from parasites, as he had

often bred a species of Pezomachus from the nests, and he believed, in those

instances, the spider’s eggs had been attacked before the mud-coating was

added.

Mr. Champion exhibited some rare species of British Coleoptera, viz. :—

Apion Ryei, taken by Mr. Lilley in Shetland; Abdera triguttata, from

Aviemore, Inverness-shire; Lymexylon navale, taken by Messrs. Sidebotham

and Chappell at Dunham Park, Manchester; Athous subfuscus, taken by

the Rey. T. Blackburn in Shetland; and Apion sanguineum and Silvanus

similis from Esher.

December 7, 1874.

Sir Sripnry SmirH SaunpErs, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ Bulletin of the Buffalo Society of Natural Sciences,’ vol. ii.,

no. 1; presented by the Society. ‘Monthly Reports of the Department of

Agriculture,’ for the year 1873; by the Department. ‘A Handbook of the

Coleoptera, or Beetles, of Great Britain and Ireland,’ 2 vols.; by the

Author, Herbert E. Cox, M.E.S. ‘Le Phylloxera de la vigne, son

organisation, ses mceurs, choix des procédés de destruction avec gravures

et cartes;’ by the Author, Dr. M. Girard. ‘Descriptions and Natural

History of two Insects which brave the dangers of Sarracenia variolaris,’

by Chas. V. Riley, M.A., Ph.D.; by the Author. ‘A Monographic Revision

and Synopsis of the Trichoptera of the European Fauna,’ by Robert

XXVll

M‘Lachlan, F.L.S., &c., part 1; by the Author. ‘L’Abeille,’ livr. 20—

22; by the Editor. ‘The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine’ for

December ; by the Editors. ‘ Newman’s Entomologist’ and ‘ The Zoologist’

for December; by the Editor. ‘Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis,’

parts 3, 4; by the Author, Prof. Westwood. ‘Lettre concernant des

calculs trouvés dans les canaux biliains d’un Cerf-volant femelle (Lucanus

capreolus),’ par M. V. Audouin; ‘ Coleotteri della Sicilia raccolti e possedati

da Baldissare Romano ;’ by F. Moore, Esq.

Election of Members.

Lieut. H. C. Harford, 99th Regt., Charles C. Dupré, Esq., and Owen

Wilson, Esq., were balloted for and elected Members; and Major Green-

wood, Esq., a Subscriber to the Society.

Exhibitions, de.

Mr. E. A. Fitch exhibited some oak-galls of Dryocosmus cerriphilus, Gir.,

Aphilothrix globuli, Hart., A. albopunctata, Schi., and A. callidoma, Hart.,

all described in the October number of the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly Maga-

zine,’ p. 109; together with three curious bud-galls, unknown, from

Rayleigh, Essex.

Mr. Champion exhibited an interesting collection of Hemiptera, brought

from the Mediterranean by Mr. J. J. Walker. Amongst them were Trigo-

nosoma Desfontainei, from Cagliari; Phyllomorpha laciniata, from Gibraltar ;

and Prionolytus Helferi, from Tangier.

Prof. Westwood forwarded a letter he had received from Mr. J. F. M.

Harris Stone, accompanying a sample of tea imported from Shanghae,

infested by a small beetle which proved to be the Ptinus hololeucus, an

insect belonging to a genus, the species of which feed indifferently on dried

vegetable as well as animal matter.

Prof. Westwood also communicated a letter from Prof. Forel, of Lausanne,

stating that the Phylloxera vastatrix had made its appearance among

vines at Pregny, in the canton of Geneva, which had been pea from

England into the graperies of Baron Rothschild, and that the Phylloxera

had been discovered in two of his greenhouses, among vines planted 7

1869, sufficiently distant from each other to render it improbable re : :

insect had been communicated one from the other; and he epee”

concluded that the disease had been introduced in 1869 from the caer:

in England. The vines so attacked had, however, not barre by

disease, but were simply rather weaker than those which ha no ia

attacked. He was, therefore, anxious to ascertain whether the vines 1

why one of

English graperies were less influenced than those es : pe ie " can

r rence of the ins g

"3 present were aware of the occurrenc

ee iscies d in greenhouses only.

out of doors, but that it had hitherto appeare

Mr. C. O. Waterhouse communicated the following ‘‘ Synonymical Notes

on Longicorn Coleoptera :”"—

“ Fam. PrRIonIDaz.

Acanthophorus Palinii, Hope. This species was placed by Mr. Adam

White, with doubt, as Acanthophorus Yolofus of Dalman, and in Gemminger

and Harold’s ‘ Catalogue of Coleoptera’ they are placed together without

even a doubt. There being, however, in the British Museum a species of

Tithoés (to which genus A. Palinii must now be referred), which I believed

to be the true A. Palinii, I referred to Prof. Westwood, who kindly sent to

me a sketch of Hope’s type in the Oxford Museum, confirming my deter-

mination, and making it certain that A. Yolofus and A. Palinii are quite

distinct species. Tithoés Palinii resembles T. confinis, but is sherter; the

eyes are much approximated above; the thorax is broadest in front, with

the anterior spine strong (much longer than the lateral spine), and very

much recurved; the elytra are marked much in the same way, but the

apex of each elytron is less rounded and there is a small tooth at the sutural

angle. Length 1 inch 10 lines; width 8 lines. Habitat, Sierra Leone.

Acanthophorus capensis, White. This species is correctly placed in

that genus, and does not belong to Tithoés, as placed in Gemminger’s

Catalogue.

Mallodon gnatho, White. This insect must be placed in Lacordaire’s

genus Nothopleurus (Gen. d. Col. viii. p. 125). As nothing is said by

Lacordaire about the form of the mandibles in the description of N. ebeninus,

it will probably prove to be a species distinct from M. gnatho, which has a

remarkably large triangular tooth on the upper edge at the base of each

mandible. The thorax of M. gnatho has parallel sides. i

Tragosoma subcoriaceum, Hope, female, 1831. The male of this insect

was described in 1867 by Mr. Pascoe, under the name Sarmydus anten-

natus.

Fam. CERAMBYCID.

Eburophora, White (Eburigera, Gemm. & Harold, Cat. p. 2899). This

genus should be placed next to Sophron, Newm., and Sophron eburatus,

Pascoe, should be transferred to it.

Trichoxys flexus, Chevr., 1860 = Clytus melanotelus, White, 1855.

(Types compared.)

Anthoboscus figuratus, Pascoe, 1869 = Clytanthus marginalis, Chevr.,

1863. (Types compared.)

Anthoboscus leucothyreus, Pascoe, 1869 = Clytanthus austerus, Chevr.,

1863. (Types compared.)

Clytanthus oppositus, Chevr., 1863 = Clytus signaticollis, Lap. é Gory,

but with the pubescence rubbed off the abdomen; it is not a synonym of

C. japonicus, as suggested by Mr. Bates, Ann. & Mag. Nat. Hist., 1873.

XX1X

Clytus Protogenes, Newman. This is not a synonym of Chlorophorus

annularis, as placed in Gemminger’s Catalogue, but belongs to the genus

Acrocyrta, with the third and fourth antennal joints (and fifth slightly)

spined ; it is very closely allied to Acrocyrta strangaloides of Pascoe. ;

Xylotrechus famelicus, Pascoe. This species, for which Mr. Pascoe had

no locality, is from Borneo.

Clytus dominula, White, is a Xylotrechus, closely allied to C. Grayi, White

and is not a Rhaphuma, as placed by Chevrolat. ;

Clytus subcruciatus, White, is a Calanthemis.

Clytus Phidias, Newman, is not Xylotrechus australis, Lap. & Gory, as

placed in Gemminger’s Catalogue, but it is closely allied.

Clytus Mouhotit, Pascoe, 1869 = Clytus semiluctuosus, White, 1855.

Eriphus leucogrammus, White = Peeciloderma lineolatum, White, and

belongs rather to this latter genus.”

January 4, 1875.

Sir Stpney SmitH Saunpers, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

Donations to the Library.

The following donations were announced, and thanks voted to the

donors :—‘ Proceedings of the Royal Society,’ no. 156; presented by the

Society. ‘Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencas exactas existente

en la Universidad de Cordova,’ Estrega III.; by the Academy. ‘ Stettiner

Entomologische Zeitung,’ xxXv., NOs. 10—12; by the Society. ‘The

Canadian Entomologist,’ vol. vi., no. 10 ; by the Editor. ‘ L’Abeille,’ t. xi.,

livr. 23; by the Editor. ‘Newman's Entomologist’ and ‘ The Zoologist’

for January; by the Editor. ‘The Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine’ for

January; by the Editors. ‘ Illustrations of Diurnal Lepidoptera,’ part vi.,

Lycenide, by William C. Hewitson; by the Author. ‘ Descriptions de

plusieurs Neuroptéres-planipennes et Trichoptéres nouveaux de lile de

Célébes et de quelques especes nouvelles de Dipseudopsis, avec considéra-

tions sur ce genre,’ par M. R. M‘Lachlan; by the Author. ‘ Note sur les

caractéres d'une larve d’insectes Orthoptéres de la famille des Ephemeérines

genre Cenis),’ par le Docteur Emile Joly; by the Author. ‘ Note sur les

Géotrupides qui se rencontrent en Belgique,’ par A. Preudhomme de Borre:

by the Author. ‘On the Insects more particularly associated with Sarra-

cenia variolaris (spotted trumpet-leaf ),’ by Charles V. Riley ; by the Author.

‘Un Parasite de Cheiropteres de Belgique (Nycteribia Frauenfeldii, Kol.),

par M. Felix Plateau ; by the Author.

XXX

Exhibitions, dc.

Mr. Stevens exhibited varieties of Diloba ceeruleocephala and Hibernia

defoliaria, bred from larvee taken near Brighton.

Mr. Smith exhibited a fine collection of Hymenopterous insects forwarded

from Calcutta by Mr. Rothney. Amongst the Formicide were Polyrachis

bicolor and Dorylus longicornis. Amongst the Fossores were Mutilla sex-

maculata, Pompilus dorsalis, Sphex sericeus, Chlorion lobatum, Ampulex

compressa, Ammophila nigripes, Trirogma ceerulea, Larrada aurulenta and

Bembex lunata. Amongst the Vespide were Eumenes petiolata, E. conica,

E. flavopicta, Rhynchium transversum, R. argentatum and Vespa cincta.

The specimen of Rhynchium transversum had been attacked by Stylops.

There were also (of Apidz) two new species of Nomia—one of them with

capitate antennee—and a new species of Nomada. Also several small, unde-

scribed species of bees of the genera Prosopis, Halictus and Ceratina; and

a fine series of Stelis carbonaria. The whole were in beautiful condition.

Mr. M‘Lachlan stated that one evening, about thirty-six hours after the

breaking up of the recent intense frost, he had noticed the December moth

(Cheimatobia brumata) attracted in great numbers to the gas-lamps in the

neighbourhood of Lewisham, and that in some instances there were as

many as a dozen on one lamp. Mr. Boyd mentioned a case that had come

under his observation of that insect having been picked up, apparently

dead, on the snow, and that it had revived on being placed in a warm room.

Mr. Butler also noticed a similar fact in regard to a specimen of Pieris

rape. Mr. Jenner Weir made some remarks on the importance of ascer-

taining whether the insects noticed by Mr. M‘Lachlan were hybernated -

specimens or whether they had been newly hatched when he observed

them.

The Secretary read a letter he had received from Mr. R. 8. Morrison, of

George Town, Colorado, expressing a wish to be placed in communication

with any entomologists who might be interested in the investigation of

insect faunas of the higher altitudes (8,000 to 14,000 feet).

The Secretary exhibited a bottle containing a number of specimens of a

Mantis, about half an inch long, which had been forwarded to him from

Sarawak by M. de Crespigny, who was under the impression that they

were perfect insects; but on examination they appeared to be only young

larve. He observed them crossing the table at which he was sitting, and

at first sight they had the appearance of a column of ants.

New Part of ‘ Transactions.’

Part IV. of the ‘ Transactions’ for 1874 was on the table.

XXX1

ANNUAL MEETING,

January 25, 1875.

Sir Sripney Smira SAUNDERS, C.M.G., President, in the chair.

An Abstract of the Treasurer's Accounts for 1874 was read by Mr. Jenner

Weir, one of the Auditors, showing a balance of £186 10s. 7d. in favour of

the Society.

The Secretary read the following :—

Report of the Council for 1874.

In accordance with the Bye-Laws, the Council presents to the Society

the following Report.

During the year twelve Members or Subscribers have been elected, but

nineteen names have been removed from the list. Amongst the deaths is

that of our senior Honorary Member, Professor Zetterstedt, in his ninetieth

year.

The volume of ‘Transactions’ for 1874 contains twenty-eight memoirs

by eighteen authors, extends to 548 pages, exclusive of the ‘ Proceedings,’

and illustrated by eleven plates, six of which are coloured. Every paper

read at the meetings during the year is included in the volume. There is,

however, a total absence of papers on British or European insects, which is

much to be regretted.

The Council had made arrangements for the publication of a fifth portion

of the ‘Catalogue of British Insects’ (intended to form a first part of the

Coleoptera), but they were unfortunately prevented from carrying out their

intention in consequence of the withdrawal of the manuscript by the author,

when on the point of going to press. They hope, however, to replace it by

a portion of the Hemiptera, which it is expected will appear in the spring

of this year.

No composition in lieu of Annual Subscription has been received during

the year, consequently the reserved fund is not increased. .

The tabular Statement of Receipts and Payments shows the following

result :-—

RECEIPTS. PAYMENTS.

By £

Contributions of Members. . 228 Library Re

Sale of Publications. . . . 62/ Publications . . . +=: + 2

Interest on Consols. . : 5 | Rent and Office Expenses. . 56

Tea at Meetings. . .--

£295 £297

XXxXli

Thus the expenditure has slightly exceeded the receipts, and the cash

balance is reduced from £2 1s. 3d. to £0 8s. 7d. When, however, the

number of expensive coloured plates is taken into consideration, and also

the fact that the fourth part of the ‘Transactions’ was not published until

the end of December, and that consequently no part of the proceeds of the

sale thereof could appear in the year’s accounts, it will not be considered an

unfavourable statement.

It will be seen that the Council have not in any way increased the

Library of Books. In the present unsatisfactory state of their Library,

caused by the utterly insufficient accommodation in Bedford Row, they felt

that it would be useless to expend any more money on books until they had

a fit place in which to deposit them. They preferred, in the mean time, to

spend what money they had in publications.

It is with much regret that the Council have to report the failure of the

negociation for obtaining permanent accommodation for the Library in

connection with the Linnean Society, it having been ascertained that the

whole space in the rooms is required by the latter Society for their own

large and increasing library. The apartments in Bedford Row are only

held by this Society until midsummer next; consequently the future

destination of our Library will be the first and most important question for

the consideration of the new Council. It is to be hoped that before the

close of the present session they will be able to remedy this long-standing

evil.

25th January, 1875.

The following gentlemen were elected Members of Council for 1875 :—

Sir Sidney Smith Saunders, Messrs. W. C. Boyd, A. G. Butler, G. C.

Champion, J. W. Dunning, F. Grut, R. M‘Lachlan, R. Meldola, F. Moore,

Rev. R. P. Murray, F. P. Pascoe, F. Smith, and J. J. Weir.

The following officers were elected for the year 1875 :— President,

Sir Sidney Smith Saunders, C.M.G.; Treasurer, Mr. R. M‘Lachlan;

Secretaries, Messrs. F. Grut and A. G. Butler; Librarian, Mr. E. W.

Janson.

The President read the following Address :—

PRESIDENT’S ADDRESS.

GENTLEMEN,

In addressing you on the Anniversary Meeting of a new

year, in accordance with time-honoured custom, I must premise

that the records of the one which has just terminated exhibit no

lack of energy in our ranks; whether we look to the memoirs

which have appeared in our Transactions; to the various contri-

butions made to the publications of other Societies and periodicals

by many of our members; or to those separate works to which I

shall specially advert in the sequel ;—all evincing unflagging zeal

and activity in the literature and progress of Entomology.

The Report which the Council has laid before you, and which

has already made you fully acquainted with all the details of our

financial administration, renders it needless for me to enter into

any of these matters.

The want of more suitable and extended accommodation for

our Library has long been felt, and would, doubtless, have more

forcibly impressed itself upon our attention at an earlier period,

but for the expectations we had been led to entertain from a

project of affiliation with the Linnean Society, to which your

attention was invited by a circular in the month of April last,

whereby the opinion of our members was solicited on the

preliminary details of such an arrangement, as therein set forth.

A large majority of our Society having signified their ed

to this project, it remained for our Council, in conjunction with

that of the Linnean Society, to discuss the preliminaries of such

a bond of union; but it having been subsequently ascertained

that no disposable space was available for our books, the foie

has necessarily been abandoned. It therefore becomes aces oH

upon us to provide for our requirements In some other way ;

Linnean Society having, in the meantime, courteously sap it

XXXIV

the privilege, conceded for many years past, of allowing our

meetings to be held in their rooms at Burlington House.

Nevertheless, although closer communion has not proved

feasible, it would seem only consistent with those amicable

tendencies which these initiatives have served to develope, that

more intimate relations should be established between the two

Societies, united as they are by so many ties of affinity and

ancestral origin. When, therefore, we may be enabled to offer

corresponding advantages by rendering our Library more gene-

rally accessible, the same principles which have actuated a system

of reciprocity, as regards the libraries of several other Societies,

may not impossibly be extended to us. In any case, however, it

behoves us to provide, for the convenience of our members, a

more complete printed Catalogue than we now possess in those

issued in 1861 and 1864. It would also be desirable to render

our ‘‘ Proceedings” more valuable, by inserting therein, as prac-

tised by the French Entomological Society, not only the titles of

the serial publications presented from time to time, but also a

bibliographical summary of their contents; and if, moreover, a

classified list of all the Papers published in our Transactions

during the first forty years (from 1835 to 1874 inclusive) were

available for purchase, to be continued at the close of each

decennial period, this might be expected to present many

attractions, and concentrate the attention of Entomologists in-

this country to our Society as to a common focus.

We have to thank our Secretary, Mr. Grut, and his coadjutors,

for the diligence displayed in the issue of the respective Parts of

our Transactions during the past year with unexampled prompti-

tude: the first being on the table at our meeting of the 2nd

March, together with the Index-part of the previous year; the

second, on the 4th May; the third, on the 6th July; and the

fourth, on the 2nd of this month; leaving only the supplementary

details to be supplied, together with five additional Plates,—

making a total of eleven, whereof six are coloured.

When, indeed, it is considered that these Transactions are

supplied and forwarded gratis to all members and subscribers

residing beyond fifteen miles from London, and that all others

can obtain a copy at half the price of publication, it would seem

that, if these advantages were sufficiently known to be duly

appreciated, our “ List of Members” should constitute a Postal-

XXXV

Guide to the names and addresses of every recognised Entomo-

logist in the United Kingdom, and a standard authority for

reference on all occasions.

_ I would, however, venture to anticipate that, by the establish-

ment of our Library in a more commodious site, by bringing the

same into juxtaposition with our meeting-room, and by improving

the opportunities of consulting our books in these and other

respects, the additional expenses thereby incurred will be amply

compensated by such an influx of new members as will serve to

inaugurate a new era of prosperity in connexion therewith.

OBITUARY.

During the period aforesaid Entomology has had to deplore

the loss of several distinguished devotees, to whose memory a

tributary record is due on the present occasion.

Dr. JoHan WILHELM ZETTERSTEDT, Professor of Zoology at the

University of Lund, born the 20th May, 1785, who died on the

23rd December last, in his ninetieth year, as announced at our

last meeting, was elected an honorary member of this Society,

April 7th, 1851. His ‘ Fauna Insectorum Lapponieca,’ published

in 1828, and his ‘Insecta Lapponica descripta,’ in 1840, together

with other publications of merit, served to render his name con-

spicuous, ere he commenced his great work in fourteen volumes,

intituled, ‘Diptera Scandinavie disposita et descripta,’ published

in eleven consecutive years, from 1842 to 1852, with subsequent

additions thereto in 1855, 1859, and 1860, when his advanced age

appears to have prescribed a termination to his literary career.

Dr. Herricu-Scumrrer, of Ratisbon, another veteran among

European Entomologists, died on the 14th April, 1874, aged

seventy-five. Among his earlier productions we may note the

continuation of Panzer’s celebrated ‘Fauna Insectorum Ger-

manica,’ which he carried on for several years; but his magnificent

work, ‘Systematische Bearbeitung der Schmetterlinge von Europa,’

in six quarto volumes, illustrated with a vast number of plates,

the greater part coloured, commenced in 1843, and completed in

1856, will best serve to immortalize his name. Unfortunately, his

collection, as stated by Professor Westwood at one of our recent

meetings, has been left in a deplorable condition, the type speci-

mens literally falling to pieces from lapsing periods of infirmity

and neglect.

XXXV1

GrorcE Rosert CrotcH, who was elected a member of this

Society in 1865, died at Philadelphia, while yet in the prime of

life, on the 16th June, 1874, aged thirty-three. As an authority

among Coleopterists he had long occupied an eminent position.

Of the Coleoptera belonging to the British Fauna he published a

new arrangement in 1863, followed by a revised edition in 1866.

To our Transactions for the year 1870 he contributed two papers

of laborious research on “The Genera of Coleoptera treated

Chronologically ;” the first (1735—1801) commencing with the

earliest edition of the ‘Systema Nature ;’ the second (1802—21)

embracing the period of Latreille, giving as far as possible

the types of all the genera proposed within the respective

periods, with synonyms when required. This was followed by a

more elaborate list (in 1871) of all the Coleoptera belonging to

the primary section Adephaga, described from 1758 to 1821, with

references to their modern genera. After treating of several other

groups, Mr. Crotch left this country for the United States, in the

autumn of 1872, where various memoirs by him on different sections

of North American Coleoptera were published by the Academy of

Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, and by the American Entomo-

logical Society. He subsequently extended his researches to

some of the least visited parts of the North American continent,

from whence he returned in broken health to Philadelphia,—the

result of climatic influences, to which he eventually succumbed.

A ‘Revision of the Coleopterous Family Coccinellide,’ which

he had prepared for publication, has recently issued from the

London press.

Francis WALKER, one of our most indefatigable Entomologists,

who was elected a member of this Society in 1850, and whose

numerous publications attest his incomparable zeal and assiduity,

died on the 5th October, 1874, in his sixty-sixth year. His

‘Monographia Chalciditum’ was commenced at an early period of

his life (1832) in the first pages of the ‘Entomological Magazine ;’

and he ever afterwards maintained his predilections for this very

remarkable parasitic tribe. His second important work was the

‘Insecta Britannica, Diptera,’ in three octavo volumes, published

from 1851 to 1856. Antecedent to and concurrent with this, and

long subsequent thereto, he devoted a considerable portion of his

time and attention to the compilation of an extensive series of

Catalogues of various orders of insects in the National Museum,

XXXVIl1

comprising descriptions of a large number of new genera and

species, which, commencing in 1848, were continued to the early

part of the present decade. He also from time to time described

in our Transactions (1857—1862), in the ‘Journal of the Linnean

Society,’ and in a separate form (‘Insecta Saundersiana’), a large

selection of insects of various orders from the collection of

Mr. W. Wilson Saunders, in addition to frequent contributions to

our own and other Transactions and periodical publications;

more especially to the ‘ Zoologist’ and ‘ Entomologist,’ continued

in the latter up to the very month of his demise. A posthumous

paper by him, containing “Descriptions of New Genera and

Species, belonging to the Families Proctotrupide and Chalcidide,

which attack Insects destructive to the Fig in India,” has also

appeared in the ‘ Entomologist’ of the present month, and some

others in the ‘ Cistula Entomologica’ (vide post).

Dr. ANTOINE Dours, of Amiens, who died on the 23rd July,

1874, at the age of fifty, was a diligent collector of Hymenoptera,

to which his attention was first directed when serving in Algeria

in a military capacity. He was the author of a ‘Monograph on

the Genus Anthophora,’ published at Amiens in 1869; of a paper

containing ‘ Descriptions of New Genera and Species of Hyme-

noptera from the South of Europe,’ which appeared in the

‘Revue et Magasin de Zoologie’ of August, 1872; and of a

‘Synonymic Catalogue of the Hymenoptera of France,’ published

in 1874. His extensive collection of insects of this order, chiefly

from Europe and Algeria, in addition to those formerly belonging

to Dr. J. J. Giraud, chiefly European, comprising together (as

lately announced for private sale) upwards of seventy-eight

thousand specimens, said to be in excellent preservation, would

be a valuable acquisition to any public museum.

In addition to these losses we have also to lament the death of

Mr. Joun Tranerne Moceriper, F.L.S., whose instructive

volume on ‘Harvesting Ants and Trap-door Spiders,’ with a

Supplement thereto, which has just appeared, bear testimony to

his persevering industry and attention in investigating the

provident instincts and economy of these interesting races. He

died on the 24th November last, aged thirty-two, at Mentone,

whither he was accustomed to resort during the winter months for

the benefit of his health.

XXXVili

ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY.

The ravages of the Phylloxera vastatrix, and the remarkable

incidents connected with the life-history of this minute but for-

midable enemy of the viticulturists, have been the subject of many

interesting communications to the Académie des Sciences of Paris

and to the French Entomological Society during the past year.

Among the innumerable remedies which have been advocated

and tested as a means of checking the progress of this scourge,

the only treatment hitherto recognised as absolutely effective is

the submersion of the vineyards, where practicable, during one

month in winter, which has been attended with perfect success.

The principal facts ascertained in connexion with the biology

of these destructive Homoptera may not be undeserving of some

notice, considering the vast proportions which their propagation

and extension have now assumed.

The young larvee, which hybernate on the roots of the vine,

whether derived from the autumnal sexual races adverted to in

the sequel, or (as it would seem) from antecedent broods, com-

mence laying eggs in the early spring, their progeny producing

and reproducing in continuous succession by parthenogenesis, as

usual among the Aphides, though, unlike these, always oviparous.

Among these successive broods some individuals never acquire

wings; while others, becoming more elongate, quit the earth -

as pupa-nymphs, furnished with rudimentary alary appendages,

emerging in the winged state from July to September.

But the development of the race does not terminate here, on

attaining the winged condition. In an interesting memoir, ‘Sur

le Phylloxera ailé et sa progéniture,’ M. Balbiani has shown that

these winged females (to which no males are ascribed) deposit

their eggs, limited from two to five, amid the down of the young

vine-leaves, when in captivity; from which eggs an apterous

sexual race is derived, as previously described by him (in 1878) in

the case of the Phylloxera of the oak (P. Quercus, Fonscolombe),

these eggs being of two different dimensions, the larger producing

females and the smaller males, both sexes destitute of organs of

nutrition, the promuscis being reduced to a short flattened

tubercle, and the female having the third article of the antenne

pedunculated.

XXX1X

The same diligent observer has more recently ascertained that

the subterranean brood of the Phylloxera of the vine is also con-

tinued from year to year by a similar sexual race, which appears

later than that derived from the winged type (about the middle

of October), but perfectly identical therewith, the females of

both producing only a single egg (l'wuf d’hiver of Balbiani);

whereby, in the one case, the continuity of the race is main-

tained for several years upon the same root until this is entirely

exhausted; while, in the other, by the intervention of the winged

type, new colonies are dispersed far and wide.

M. Balbiani also states that certain abnormal forms, occa-

sionally found mingled with the winged type, noticed by him

in several other species and formerly considered as males, are

rather to be regarded as females with atrophied characters, some-

what analogous to the neuters of social Hymenoptera.*

Some strange theories, however, have been propounded by

M. Lichtenstein, as to certain phases in the genetic cycle of the

race, whereby it is alleged that the winged Phylloxera of the

vines resorts to the Kermes oaks (Quercus coccifera) to deposit—

not eggs but—pupe, from which such sexual race is developed as

aforesaid; this winged type being characterized as “Androphores (

and “Gynéphores,” according to the sex of the pupe deposited

by these so-called “ flying cocoons.”

M. Balbiani, however (on examining other specimens taken by

himself), maintains that the author of this startling hypothesis

has confounded two distinct species; that alluded to as aforesaid

being, as he conceives, a new species (to which he gives the name

of P. Lichtensteinii),+ differing from P. vastatrix in all stages of

development, including that of the sexual race; while the manner

in which it had been sought to explain the return of the progeny

of the latter from the oaks to the vines, by means of a second

supposititious winged-type, would be contrary to all the analogies

of the genus.

M. Lichtenstein demurs to these conclusions

the name given by M. Balbiani, alleging :— ona

1. That the species adverted to by the latter is not nay ies

his P. Rileyi, described also by Kaltenbach (in 1873) under the

name of P. corticalis:

* Compt. Rend., 21 Sept. 1874; p. 687.

+ Ibid., 14 Sept., 1874; p. 645.

and repudiates

2. That this is not the species which he had found on the

Kermes oak:

8. That although the former subsists on the Quercus Robur, he

expects to prove next year that both this species and the P. vasta-

trix resort to the Q. coccifera to deposit their pupe: and—

4, That he has found another species sparsely associated with

these on the same oak and nurtured thereon, being met with not

only in the winged form, but also in the larval and pupal stages

(distinguished by having two cylindrical and retractile tubercles

between the antennz), on which he confers the name of P. Bal-

bianii.*

With respect to the galls on the under side of certain vine-

leaves, less frequently met with in France than in America, and

having a fimbriated aperture from above, Mr. Riley, the State

Entomologist of Missouri, has long-since shown (Third Report,

1871) that the autumnal individuals emanating from these galls

descend to the roots, as subsequently verified by M. Signoret and

others; and more recently Mr. Riley} has obtained a leaf-gall

(which, however, subsequently proved abortive) from one of the

root-infesting type, which he defines as radicicola, in contra-

distinction to the other, which he designates as gallecola. ‘These

galls, tenanted by an agamic apterous race which never acquires

wings (formerly attributed to the ovipositing winged females), -

Mr. Riley is now disposed to ascribe to the young hatched on

the roots, more extensive experience having satisfied him that

the presence of the gallecola-type is not the invariable precursor

of the radicicola in an uninfected vineyard, nor in anywise essen-

tial to the continuance of the species. The same author, in a

paper recently read before the Académie des Sciences (December

14th), enumerates sixteen well-defined species of Phylloxera indi-

genous to North America; whereof only one is found on the

vines, and one (P. Rileyi) on the oaks; the others being chiefly

met with on different species of Carya.

It is, moreover, worthy of remark that M. Signoret has in-

formed the French Entomological Society (Sept. 23) that he still

possesses a potted vine, whereon his first experiments were made

in 1869; that every year he places on this vine the Phylloxere

which are sent him, whether of the root or leaf-gall.type; and

* Compt. Rend., 5 Oct., 1874; p. 783.

+ Sixth Report, 1874, p. 44; and App. 12, p. 69.

xli

that this vine is still alive, in spite of the Phylloxere upon

its roots; retaining its verdure, though not in very thriving

condition from having been five years in the same earth and the

same pot.

A species of Acarus (Tyroglyphus Phylloxere, Tiley), which

preys upon the root-inhabiting type, has been discovered by

Mr. Riley in America, whereof colonies are being introduced into

France; but (as Mr. Riley considers) any expectations founded

thereon are “doomed to disappointment.” The T. echinopus,

described by Dr. Fumoze and Prof. Ch. Robin in 1868, has also

been found on the French vines (Ann. Soc. Ent. Fr., p. XCix.,

1874).

Another species of Tyroglyphus, met with abundantly on

Fungi, more especially on the Agaricus campestris, has been the

subject of an interesting communication by M. Méguin, published

in the Paris ‘Journal d’Anatomie et de Physiologie,’ intituled

“Mémoire Anatomique et Zoologique sur un nouvel Acarien de

la Famille des Sarcoptides, le Tyroglyphus rostro-serratus, et sur

son Hypopus,” showing that the latter is but an adventitious

nymph-form of the former, which the octopod-nymphs assume

by moulting, when the Fungi become desiccated, resuming their

previous nymph-condition by another moult on the moisture

being renewed. This incidental heteromorphosis not extending

to other stages, the hexapod-larve and adults are doomed to

perish under such circumstances, while the occult-nymphs, in

their Hypopus coat-of-mail, attach themselves to any insects that

come in their way, for conveyance to another suitable abode,

i race i ided for.

whereby the continuance of the race 1s provic

A similar transmutation has been observed by MM. Riley and

Planchon in the Tyroglyphus Phylloxere. .

The Colorado potato-beetle (Doryphora oa 5 i

enemy whose rapid advances towards the shores of pene =e -

threaten an invasion into Europe at no distant day. Mr. Hwey

ive i 3 then once established

points out how these destructive insects, wh :

A ne oes to vessels in port, being

on the sea-board, may wing their way to eaters a

accustomed to fly in swarms, and may thus be bo

; ; 3 tive of conveyance with

found a colony in this country, respec att

; i -e stated to devour greeduy

the tubers themselves, which they are s

Ww o eve i fy) in a single

hen dug up, several having been found ne he Hi cuicaral

o ori ‘al and Hortic f

Tr. Ri ests that Agricultura

potato. Mr. Riley suggests tl g

xlii

Societies should make provision for the dissemination of correct

information respecting these insects; and that specimens of the

beetles themselves should be obtained for distribution, with the

view of familiarizing persons with their aspect and of preventing

their diffusion.

The importance of some efficient measures being adopted for

this purpose can hardly be overrated, in default of which this

scourge must assuredly be expected to follow in the wake of the

Phylloxera, the Oidium, and other noxious importations from the

same quarter. Mr. Riley’s reiterated remarks on this head have

a somewhat prophetic significance, when calling to mind that

“in giving, through Sir Walter Raleigh, the precious tuber to

Europe, America conferred upon the Old World an everlasting

boon. She may yet unwittingly be the means of bequeathing

as great a bane, by sending across the ocean the deadliest enemy

of that tuber. At all events it behoves our European neigh-

bours to be on the look-out, and to prevent, if possible, any such

catastrophe.”

The attention of the Académie des Sciences has just been

drawn to this subject by the French Minister for Commerce and

Agriculture.

The British Bee-keeper’s Association, instituted in May last,

“for the encouragement, improvement and advancement of Bee-

Culture in the United Kingdom,” under the Presidency of Sir

John Lubbock, held its first exhibition at the Crystal Palace in

September last. This institution is calculated to confer im-

portant benefits upon the rural population by diffusing infor-

mation as to the most approved principles of Apiculture, in the

management of the hives, the collection of the produce, the

preservation of the combs, and other matters, whereby the most

profitable results may be obtained, thus holding out encourage-

ment to many who have been deterred from embarking in such a

lucrative enterprise by apprehensions of incompetency ; or who,

having done so, have not known how to turn the resources of this

vicarious industry to the best account. ‘The British Bee Journal

and Bee-keeper’s Adviser,’ published monthly and now far ad-

vanced in its second volume, affords a useful medium of inter-

communication upon this subject.

xliti

HABITS AND INSTINCTS.

Two, interesting communications from Herr Fritz Miiller to

Mr. Charles Darwin have appeared in ‘Nature’ (Nos. 225 and

237), in the former of which the writer, treating of the natural

history of the Brazilian Termites, states that he has come to the

same conclusion as Mr. Bates with respect to the neuters,—

namely, that these are not sterile females, but modified larve,

which undergo no further metamorphosis; that, in some species

of Calotermes the male soldiers may even externally be distin-

guished from the female soldiers; and that in the company of

the queen there always lives a king, as observed by Smeathman a

century ago, but doubted by most subsequent writers. He has

also recognised the existence of two forms of sexual individuals ;

the one, consisting of winged males and females, produced in vast

numbers and leaving the termitary in large swarms; the other, of

wingless males and females, which never quit the spot where they

are born.

A similar result would appear to be attained thereby, as in the

case of the winged and wingless sexual races of the Phylloxera,

already referred to, the former serving to disperse the race; the

latter to continue the labours of the original colony by successive

broods.

The writer subsequently adverts to another “interesting group

of social insects, the stingless honey-bees, Melipona and Tri-

gona.” He mentions that in Melipona wax is secreted “on the

dorsal side of the abdomen,” instead of on the ventral, as in hive-

bees; that the Melipone and Trigone “fill their cells with semi-

digested food before the eggs are laid,’ and that they close the

cells “immediately after the queen has dropped an egg on the

food ;” whereas, in the hive-bee, the eggs are laid in nearly empty

cells, which the workers close with wax when the adult larvee,

which they have been feeding, are about to undergo their pupa-

metamorphosis.* :

At a recent meeting of the French Entomological Society

(December 9th), a paper on the habits of the Brazilian aS

and Trigone, by M. Maurice Girard, was read (although pt ye

published), from which it would appear that one of the | ormer

, = yR KR

* Réaumur, 5 Mem. xi. pp. 979, 584.

xliv

group establishes its nest in the interior of termitaries, living in

amicable relations with a species of Termites.

A new species of Brazilian Trigona, whereof the queen, males

and workers have been described by Herr Hermann Miiller under

the vernacular name of T. cagafogo* (‘ Nature,’ Nos. 193 and 237),

is “supposed” to imitate some of the Formicide, in milking the

larve of certain Membracide belonging to the Homopterous

genus Potnia of Stiil, to which, in the absence of Aphides, the

ants of Brazil have recourse for the purpose of imbibing the —

saccharine fluid, which the former also emit.+

Sir John Lubbock has communicated to the Linnean Society,

on two occasions during the past year, the results of some highly

interesting observations made by him “On the Habits of Bees,

Wasps and Ants,” his experiments having for their object to test

the extent to which the social Hymenoptera may be enabled to

communicate with each other. The deductions to be drawn from

these experiments would seem to be of a character to dissipate

much of the fantasy with which this subject has been invested

by those writers who have attributed to such communities the

employment of ‘‘ some kind of language” as a medium of inter-

communication. But in ascribing such faculties to these

co-operating colonies, it may be conceived that (speaking figura-

tively) more was never intended to be implied than the habitual

employment of certain symbols for intelligible purposes;{ and

that none of these writers ever intended to assume that any

of these interesting races could exercise the power of describing

localities or of communicating facts, without acting as pioneers

to their companions, and (as Huber says) bringing others to such

localities. §

As an instance of this nature, I may mention a circumstance in

which similar evidences were elicited. A Polistes nest having

been brought to me full of feeding larvee, with a single specimen

of the imago brood, I placed this nest, together with its solitary

occupant, outside a window, but within the exterior Venetian

blinds corresponding with those of three floors of several con-

* Quoted by Spix and Martius; vide St. Fargeau, Hym. i. 413.

+ Westwood, Mod. Classif. of Ins., vol. ii. pp. 234 and 484.

{ Kirby and Spence, Introd. to Entom., vol. ii., p. 27 (5th Edit.).

(P. Huber), Tbid., p. 30.

g Journal of Linn. Soc., No. 58, Nov. 1874, p. 112. °

xlv

secutive houses, covering the nest at first with a tumbler, which

was removed during the night; and in the morning the Polistes

proceeded in search of her companions, bringing back with her

two others to assist in feeding the larvee. Some means of inti-

mating to her associates the object of her apparition, and of urging

them to trust to her lead, must doubtless have been made

available on this occasion; but that she should have been enabled

to define the particular window, among so many, where the nest

remained concealed from view, and prevail upon the others to

accompany her on such a strange and unaccountable expedition

to aremote and unnatural locality for the discovery of the lost

nest, could only have been accomplished by the exercise of a

considerable amount of intelligence and communicative instinct.

That these Polistes belonged to the original brood could scarcely

be doubtful, as all others would have returned to their respective

domiciles; but, as corroborative evidence thereof, I added some

strangers to the party from other nests taken elsewhere, and

these intruders were at once attacked and driven away.

This nest (now exhibited with some of its occupants in situ) is

remarkable from having been constructed, to some extent, of the

macerated paper of play-bills of different colours posted in the

vicinity, as shown in the tinted layers of the respective cells.

Sir John Lubbock has pointed out, on a former occasion,* that

the sounds produced by the wing-vibrations in Hymenoptera vary

according to circumstances; that ‘“‘a tired insect produces a

somewhat different note from one that is fresh, on account of the

vibrations being slower;” that this “change of tone is evidently

under the command of the will, and thus offers another point of

similarity to a true voice ;” that “a bee in the pursuit of honey

hums contentedly on a’, but if it is excited or angry it produces a

very different note ;” and that thus the sounds of insects “ serve,

like any true language, to express the feelings.”

He also remarks that “as even we, far removed as we are in

organization, habits, and sentiments, from a fly or a bee, can yet

feel the difference between a contented hum and an angry buzz,

it is highly improbable that their power of expressing their

feelings should stop here;” and that : one can scarcely doubt

that they have thus the power of conveying other sentiments and

ideas to one another.’

* Pyesident’s Address to Ent. Soc., 1868.

xlvi

In the case of these Polistes (without diving too deeply into

their mysterious endowments in this respect) we may readily

conceive the rapturous excitement manifested by the new comer —

from the lost domicile, as compared with the lassitude and

despondency exhibited by the lorn home-seekers ; nor can we err

in assuming that, after the customary greetings of recognition on

the deserted site, some conscious allurement must have been —

imparted to the latter to induce them to confide in such cogent

invocation to follow the former; her object being attained as

though her motives had been enunciated by voice or language, and —

her summons conveyed through such a medium.

The fertilization of flowers by insects (treated in several

additional papers in ‘ Nature’ by Messrs. Hermann Miiller and

T. H. Farrer) has also been the subject of a very remarkable

Address by Sir John Lubbock, before the British Association, at

Belfast, showing their mutual dependence upon each other, and

pointing out how the sustenance afforded to the latter is requited

by the transfer of pollen essential to the existence of the former,

while calling attention to many structural peculiarities exhibited —

on either side admirably adapted for this purpose.

But in discussing the mouth-parts and legs among the bees and

wasps, upon which considerable stress is laid, as exemplifying

modifications of these parts from an ancestral type, it should not -

be lost sight of, that such suitable adaptation of organs to the

requirements of the several races alluded to, is associated with

many characteristic distinctions in the veining of the wings,

coinciding with other relations of lineage and affinity, and

furnishing, together with the aforesaid organs, premonitory

indications of differences in habits and economy. |

“That the mouth of Prosopis” (one of the solitary bees)

‘‘ probably represents the condition of that of the ancestors of the

hive-bees before their mouth-parts underwent special modifica-

tions;” and that this “may be inferred from the fact that the

same type occurs in other allied groups, as shown in the mouth

of a wasp” (our “ Polistes,’ to wit); is a deduction scarcely

reconcilable with those divergences in alary structure between

the respective groups, which are altogether independent of

functional development, and of those influences for adaptational

purposes which have been held to determine the survival of the

fittest.

xlvii

FOSSIL ENTOMOLOGY.

M. E. Oustalet has published a work, intituled, ‘ Recherches

sur les Insectes Fossiles des terrains tertiaires de la France,’ the

first part of which relates to those of Auvergne; the second to

those of Aix, in Provence. This work is illustrated with twelve

plates, containing upwards of two hundred figures of insects

described in the text. These (with the exception of one apper-

taining to the Staphylinide) are classified under already recognised

genera, whereof the names are given in a summary, which has

appeared in the Bulletin of Proceedings of the French Entomolo-

gical Society of the 14th of October last, showing that in the

Specimens from Auvergne the Diptera and Coleoptera greatly

preponderate over those of other orders; while as regards those

from Aix, in greater abundance, M. Oustalet’s observations have

been confined for the present to the Coleoptera alone.

On comparing the results thus chronicled with those recorded

by Mr. Scudder in the ‘ American Naturalist’ for November, 1872,

as obtained from the tertiary deposits of the Rocky Mountains of

Wyoming, we find that here also “ Diptera and Coleoptera are

the prevailing forms,” comprising “nearly six-sevenths of the

specimens and more than five-eighths of the species;” and that

“ of the Coleoptera, fully one-half of the species, and about seven-

tenths of the specimens, belong to the Curculionide ; the others

mostly to the Staphylinide and Carabide.”

Of the Coleoptera described by M. Oustalet from Auvergne,

out of nine genera two belong to the Dytiscidee and Hydrophilde,

and all the rest to the Curculionide. Of those cited from Aix,

consisting of eighty-four species described and figured (whereof

fifty-four new to science), divided into fifty-one genera, the

Curculionide are again the most numerous, comprising eighteen

the Staphylinide and Carabide following these in pee

rical proportions (represented by nine genera of the former S

seven of the latter); to which succeed the Palpicornia and eee

phaga (four genera of each), with nine genera belonging to other

families, not exceeding two in each. ; mee

Few insects of other orders were obtained from an

namely, of Orthoptera, the fragments of a single beer =

Neuroptera, specimens of Libellula, Ascalaphus and Phryganea ;

genera,

xlvili

of Hymenoptera, one of the group allied to Anthophora; and of

Lepidoptera, one of the Noctuide.

Mr. Scudder’s specimens of other orders were also very limited. —

Mr. A. G. Butler has published some remarks in the ‘ Geolo- —

gical Magazine’ (October, 1874) in reply to Mr. Scudder’s —

criticisms respecting the wing of a fossil butterfly, described by

the former (I. c. January, 1873) under the name of Paleontina

oolitica, which the latter considers to belong rather to one of the

Cicadine. |

NEW PUBLICATIONS, MEMOIRS, &c.

Professor Westwood has completed his magnificent work in

four parts, quarto, commenced towards the end of 1873, under

‘the title of ‘Thesaurus Entomologicus Oxoniensis,’ containing

“illustrations of new, rare, and interesting insects, for the most

part contained in the collections presented to the University of.

Oxford by the Rev. F. W. Hope, with forty plates from drawings

by the author; comprising upwards of three hundred exquisite

figures of insects described in the text. The Coleoptera,

occupying almost the whole of the two first parts, consist of

certain groups, whereof the Goliathide (a splendid South African

species of which adorns the first plate), the Cremastocheilide,

and the Pausside, are most deserving of notice; a complete mono-

graph of the second being given, with ninety-one figured species

(plates xi.—xiy.); and of the singular family Pausside, fifty-four

species, occupying five entire plates (xv.—xix.), are here figured

for the first time, together with many other curious Coleoptera.

The Hymenoptera comprise a large assortment of remarkable

groups and species appertaining to the families Tenthredinide,

Siricide, Evaniadee, Cynipide, Chalcidide, and Proctotrupide

(plates xx.—xxxi.); the remainder of the work being assigned to —

insects of various orders,—Orthoptera, Neuroptera, Lepidoptera,

and Hemiptera; together with some singular apterous groups

(plates xxxvii.—xl.).

the Hopeian collection and its adjuncts, no less than to the

liberality of the donor, in endowing a Professorship of Zoology in

connexion therewith; while, in the execution of this design, the

University must deem itself peculiarly fortunate in being enabled

xlix

to avail itself of the well-known accuracy and ability of such an

illustrator of world-wide repute.

A ‘Handbook of the Coleoptera of Great Britain and Ireland,’

in two octavo volumes, has lately been published by Mr. Herbert

EH. Cox, containing short descriptions from authentic sources of

all the hitherto-recorded species of British beetles; each tribe,

family, and genus, being conveniently tabulated, and its prominent

characters indicated. In constituting two primary sections of

normal and aberrant Coleoptera, the latter being confined to the

Stylopide, as differing in the development of the prothorax,

other changes have been effected, whereby the Erotylide, Cocci-

nellide, and Endomychide, have been associated with the

Clavicornia; the Phytophaga (including the Bruchide) occupying

an intermediate position between the Rhynchophora and the

Longicornia, followed by the Heteromera, placed at the end of

the “normal” section, terminating with the Rhipiphoride,

Meloide, and Cidemeride. With respect to the latter, the

lignivorous habits of the larva would seem to point to a greater

affinity with some of the other Heteromera, wherewith they were

formerly associated by Latreille; the position here assigned to

them disturbing the natural associations existing between the

Rhipiphoride, the Meloide, and the Stylopide, coinciding in

parasitic habits and in their derivation from pediculiform

primitive larvee. :

The present descriptive compendium, printed in excellent type,

will be deservedly welcomed and appreciated by all Coleopterists

in this country, as supplying a want which has long been expe-

rienced for the ready determination of many genera and species

whose definitions are widely dispersed among works often little

accessible.

Two parts of a work in quart

the title of ‘Zoology of the

o, commenced long since, bearing

Voyage of H.M.S. Erebus and

Terror, under the command of Captain Sir James Clark Ross,

during the years 1839 to 1843,’ and edited by Dr. John marys

and Dr. John Edward Gray, have been completed during =

year, being the entomological portion of the series (Nos. XIX.

and XX.). d by ten plates of various

5 Sets Me

first of these parts 1s accompanl

a : been prepared, and some of

nt letterpress, at

orders of insects; these plates having

them issued, together with a portion of the prese

]

;

a former period. It comprises a list of the then recorded insects —

from New Zealand and the Auckland Islands, with descriptions of —

new species, whether brought home by the officers of the Expedition

or obtained from other sources; the Coleoptera and Orthoptera by —

the late Adam White; the other orders by Mr. A. G. Butler,

who, in an intermediate preamble to the Lepidopterous section

(p. 28), explains the circumstances under which a complete list of

all the known species of the latter from these localities has been

supplied by him. The second part contains the Crustacea, with four

plates; the text by Mr. Edward J. Miers, of the British Museum,

although most of the species here figured have been already

described by Mr. Adam White in various publications.

Another volume of somewhat similar character, containing

forty-six excellent coloured plates of moths collected in various

regions by the Austrian ‘‘ Novara” Expedition prior to 1862, has

just appeared; the letterpress, by Rogenhofer, being promised

shortly.

Our Transactions for the past year have furnished many

additions to our knowledge of the insect fauna of Japan, chiefly

derived from the collection made in that country by Mr. George

Lewis, comprising memoirs on—

1. The Staphylinide, consisting of one hundred and ninety

species, the greater part new; by Dr. Sharp.

2. The Pselaphide and Scydmenide ; by the same author.

3. The Phytophaga (continued from 1878); by Mr. Baly.

4. The Tenthredinide, Ichneumonide, Chrysidide, Formi-

cide, &c.; by Mr. Frederick Smith.

5. Some additional Dytiscide, Gyrinide, Hydrophihde, and

Staphylinide ; by Dr. Sharp.

6. A new species of Helota; by the Rev. H. S. Gorham.

The following memoirs have also appeared in the same

volume :—

In Coleoptera:—On the Longicornia of Chontales, Nicaragua

(supplementary); by Mr. H. W. Bates. On the Buprestide of

the Philippine Islands; by Mr. Edward Saunders. On new

species of Lucanide; by Professor Westwood, Major Sidney

Parry, and M. Henri Deyrolle: of Endomycici; by the Rev. H.

S. Gorham: of Cetoniide; by Professor Westwood: of Psela-

phide and Scydmenide, from Australia and New Zealand; by

Dr. Sharp: and of Australian Coleoptera; by Mr. Charles

Waterhouse.

In Hymenoptera:—A monograph of the genus Xylocopa, by

Mr. Frederick Smith; and a revision of the genera Cleptes,

Parnopes, Anthracia, Pyria, and Stilbum, with descriptions of

new species, and also of the genus Chrysis, from North China and

Australia; by the same author.

In Lepidoptera :—Two remarkable memoirs on the habits of

Papilio Merope, and on its various known forms, by Mr. Mansel

Weale and Mr. Roland Trimen; and a third on the peculiar

habits and changes in the larva and pupa of Papilio Nireus, by

Mrs. M. E. Barber. Also descriptions of new genera and species

of diurnal Lepidoptera, by Mr. Herbert Druce and by Mr. A. G.

Butler; and of others from the Gold Coast (collection Swanzy),

by the last-mentioned author: of new species of Lycenide, by

Mr. Roland Trimen, Mr. Hewitson, and the Rev. R. P. Murray:

and notes on Mynes Guerini of Wallace, as well as on Mr.

Masters’ “Catalogue of the Diurnal Lepidoptera of Australia,”

by Mr. Miskin.

Four parts of the ‘ Cistula Entomologica’ (8S—11) have appeared

during the year 1874 :—

The first containing—A “ Monographic List of the Homopterous

Insects of the genus Platypleura;” by Mr. A. G. Butler.

“Diagnostic Characters of undescribed Cossonide”’ (No. 1); by

Mr. Vernon Wollaston. “Descriptions of new African Lepi-

doptera;” by Mr. A. G. Butler.

The second,—‘ Descriptions of new Buprestide ;” by Mr.

Edward Saunders. “Descriptions of four new Asiatic Butter-

flies ;” by Mr. A. G. Butler. “Descriptions of new Species of

Australian Cetoniide” (with one coloured plate); by Mr. Oliver

E. Janson. “Descriptions of new Lepidoptera ;” by Mr. A. G.

Butler.

The third,—‘ Revision of the Homopterous Genera Cosmo-

scarta and Primatostetha, with descriptions of new Species” (one

plate); by Mr. A. G. Butler. “ Abstract of Dr. Mayr’s Mono-

graph on the Synergi of the Oak-galls;” by the late F prea

Walker. “Note on the Tachinide ;” by the same author.

“Descriptions of new Species of Diurnal Lepidoptera, chiefly

from Tropical America :” by Mr. Herbert Druce. ae:

of some new Heterocerous Lepidoptera from Australia ; ay h r.

A. G. Butler. “Description of a new Species of Blattara ; by

the same author.

lii

The fourth“ Notes on Australasian and North American

Trichopterygia, with descriptions of four new Species;” by the

Rey. A. Matthews. ‘Descriptions of some Japanese Hyme- —

noptera;” by the late Francis Walker. ‘‘ Descriptions of Amur-

land Chalcidiz;” by the same author, ‘“ Descriptions of two

new Species of Scorpions” (from Uruguay); by Mr. A. G. Butler.

“Notice of Dr. Mayv’s Essay, ‘ Die Europiiischen 'Torymiden ;’”

by the late Francis Walker. “ Descriptions of two new Species of

Coleoptera, pertaining to the families Cetoniide and Buprestide ;”

by Mr. Oliver EK. Janson.

Numerous descriptions of insects of various orders are also to

be met with in the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly inervines to some

of which I shall hereafter advert.

In occasionally referring to foreign publications, ‘‘ whose name

is legion,” I have not considered it requisite to enter further into

these, as it would seem to me more desirable to treat of what has

been done by British entomologists than to trespass upon your

time with other details.

The Rey. Thomas R. R. Stebbing has given figures and

descriptions of some ‘‘Amphipodous Crustacea;” of a new

species of Arcturus (A. damnoniensis); and of some species of

Amphithoé and Sunamphithoé ;—all from the south coast of

England ;—in the ‘ Annals of Natural History.’

Professor Wrzesniowski, of the Warsaw University, has also

described in these ‘Annals’ (July, 1874) a new species of the -

Amphipodous genus Callisoma of Costa, from Nice (C. Branickii).

Mr. Wood-Mason has communicated to the same publication

(September, 1874) the description, given by him in the ‘Journal

of the Asiatic Society of Bengal,’ of a new genus and species of

land-crabs (Hyleocarcinus Humei), from the Nicobar Islands.

Mr. A. G. Butler has figured and described, in the same part

of these ‘Annals,’ four new species of Myriapod Glomeride

from Sikkim, lately added to the collection of the British

Museum.

A “Systematic List of the Spiders at present known to inhabit

Great Britain and Ireland,” by the Rey. O. P. Cambridge, has

appeared in the Transactions of the Linnean Society (vol. xxx.,

part 2), in the preamble to which the writer calls attention to the

circumstance that, in Dr. Thorell’s work, lately completed, ‘On

the Synonyms of European Spiders,’ priority is given to names of

many British spiders, first described by Mr. Blackwall and himself,

other than the names they bear in the works of those authors,

Various new species of Drassides and of Erigone have been

figured and described by the same author in the ‘Illustrated

Proceedings of the Zoological Society ;’ also some new genera and

species from Australia, from Natal, and from Brazil, in the

‘Annals of Natural History’ (No. 81, September). Among those

from Australia is a remarkable species (Salticus volans), the

abdomen of which is furnished on its upper surface with an

epidermis, extending laterally considerably beyond the width of

the abdomen, capable of being depressed and folded round the

latter, or elevated and expanded to its full extent, after the

manner of wings; thus constituting “lateral flaps or appendages,”

serving “as supporters to sustain the length of their leaps.”

M. Eugéne Simon compares these flaps to a “ parachute,” made

available in springing from tree to tree (Proc. Ent. Soc. Fr.,

December 11, 1874).

M. EKugéne Simon has also published the first volume of an

important faunistic work on ‘Les Arachnides de France,’

illustrated by three plates. The author proposes to furnish a

figure of each genus, with anatomical details of those difficult to

determine. This volume contains five families of Araneidea,—

the Epéiride, Uloboride, Dictynide, Enyoide, and Pholecide.

The second volume, to be issued shortly, will comprise the

families Urocteoide, Agelenide, Thomiside, and Sparasside.

Figures and descriptions, by Mr. A. G. Butler, of five new

species of harvest-spiders, belonging to the genus Gonyleptes,

from South America, in the collection of the British Museum,

acquired since the publication of his monograph of this genus,

have appeared in the ‘Journal of the Linnean Society’ (No. 58).

The first part of a “ Monographic Revision and Synopsis of the

Trichoptera of the European Fauna,” by Mr. Robert M‘Lachlan,

has just been issued, containing five plates of elaborate structural

details, illustrating the Phryganeide and portion of the Limno-

philide. The author proposes to extend the geographical limits

of his work (with certain exceptions) to those outlying regions of

Asia and Africa comprised in the first of Dr. Sclater’s two great

divisions of the temperate and boreal parts obthe ade pee

sphere, under the denomination of “Palearctic and haat H

the former comprehending all Europe and its islands, Algeria o

liv |

the African border of the Mediterranean, all Northern and |

Central Asia, Asia Minor, the North of China, Japan, &c.; the

latter synonymous with the greater part of North America;

while, however, excluding from his own range China and Japan,

but including Iceland, as generally considered more European

than American.

A singular insect from New Zealand, belonging to the family

Ephemeride, has been figured and described by Mr. Robert

M‘Lachlan, in its several conditions of male, female, female

sub-imago, nymph and larva, in the ‘ Linnean Society’s Journal’

(No. 58), under the name of Oniscigaster Wakefieldi, whereof the

female alone had been previously recorded by him in the ‘ Ento-

mologist’s Monthly Magazine,’ for October, 1873.

We are indebted to Mr. H. W. Bates for a series of papers

containing descriptions of new Cicindelidz and Carabide, which

have appeared in the last-mentioned Magazine; also for two

memoirs on the Geodephagous and Longicorn Coleoptera of

New Zealand, in the ‘Annals of Natural History;’ and to

Mr. Frederick Bates, for descriptions of new genera and species

of Heteromera, chiefly from New Zealand and New Caledonia, in

the same ‘ Annals.’

We have to thank Mr. Pascoe for a continuation of his “‘ Addi-

tions to the Australian Curculionide” (Parts VI. and YVII.),

published in the aforesaid ‘Annals ;’ and for a very extensive

fourth part of his ‘“ Contributions towards a Knowledge of the

Curculionide,’ occupying the whole of the Linnean Society’s

‘Journal,’ No. 57, accompanied by four plates, and a copious

systematic list of all the genera and species described in the

several parts of these ‘ Contributions.’

A memoir by Mr. E. C. Reed, “On the Geodephagous Cole-

optera of Chili,” appears in the first part of the ‘ Illustrated

Proceedings of the Zoological Society’ for 1874.

Dr. Sharp has communicated to the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly

Magazine’ (October, 1874) the description, by Dr. Leconte, of

Philadelphia, of a new genus of aquatic Coleoptera (Hydroscapha

natans) allied to Limnebius, but differing therefrom, and from all

other Hydrophilide, by the laminate and widely-separated pos-

terior coxe and peculiar abdomen. This remarkable insect,

which Dr. Leconte considers as indicating a new family of the

Clavicorn series, was found abundantly by the late Mr. Crotch, in

a viver of South California; and another minute species, simul-

taneously described by Dr. Sharp (loc. cit.) under the name of

Hydroscapha Crotchi, was captured by Mr. Crotch and by himself

in some pools near Madrid.

In the same publication we also meet with descriptions of

various new exotic Coleoptera, by Mr. C. O. Waterhouse, the

Rey. H. S. Gorham, Mr. George Lewis, and Dr. Ritsema; of

others from Japan, and of new Cossonide from various localities,

by Mr. Vernon Wollaston; of a new species of Cremastocheilus

from California, by Professor Westwood; of two new species of

Cetoniide, of two new genera and some new species of Pselaphide,

and of two new genera of Scarabeide from Egypt and Arabia, by

Dr. Sharp.

“A Revision of the Genera Epicharis, Centris, Eulema and

Euglossa, belonging to the Family Apide,” by Mr. Frederick

Smith, has been published in the ‘Annals of Natural History’

(Nos. 76—78, 1874).

The Rey. T. A. Marshall has described a new genus and three

new species of Oxyura from Corsica in the ‘Entomologist’s

Monthly Magazine’ (Nos. 117, 118).

Several papers by the late Francis Walker, on the genera of

this remarkable tribe, with illustrations, have appeared in the

pages of the ‘ Entomologist.’

M. S. GC. Snellen Van Vollenhoven, in the fourth part of his

‘Schetsen ten Gebruike bij de Studie der Hymenoptera,’ has

figured a large number of this group, in four excelient oblong-

folio plates, published under the auspices of the Entomological

Society of the Netherlands.

Professor Westwood has also figured and described some new

genera and many interesting species of the same tribe, in his

aforesaid ‘ Thesaurus’ (plates 29 and 30). ‘

The beautifully illustrated works of Mr. Hewitson on Exotic

Butterflies,’ and of Mr. Butler, under the title of ‘ Lepidoptera

+n the former case, to ninety-three

each maintaining that high

tly esteemed. It is,

Exotica,’ have extended,

parts, and in the latter to twenty,

character for which they have been so Jus zien |

however, to be regretted that, for the reasons set sage ie -

preface to this first completed volume, Mr. Butler's work Ww)

not be continued; the more especially as, ee pf

intrinsic merits, the illustrations in chromo-lithography exhibi

lvi

the admirable precision and vivid adaptation which this art has —

now attained. :

Mr. W. H. Edwards has commenced a second series of his —

splendid illustrated work on ‘'The Butterflies of North America.’ —

Mr. Hewitson has described, in the ‘Annals of Natural History,’

several new species of Diurnal Lepidoptera taken on the march ~

to Coomassie by Lieut. Bell, of the 2nd West India Regiment; —

also a new genus from Madagascar, allied to Atella, and some ~

new species from the Andaman Islands; Mr. Atkinson haying ~

figured and described two others from the same locality (Papilio

Mayo and Euplea Andamanensis), in the last part of the ‘ Ilus-

trated Proceedings of the Zoological Society’ for 1873.

In the same part of these ‘ Proceedings,’ Mr. A. G. Butler has

given a “ Revision of the Genus Protogonius,” which has long

been supposed to consist of one extremely variable species. This

he considers highly improbable. He therefore describes all the

known forms under the designation of species, while indicating

their remarkable resemblance to several of the Heliconoid

Danaide.

In the subsequent parts of these ‘ Proceedings’ (i.—iil., 1874),

are descriptions of Siamese Lepidoptera, by Mr. Herbert Druce ;

of new species from Cashmere, by Mr. Frederick Moore; from

the South Sea Islands, by Mr. A. G. Butler; and from Costa

Natural History, of three new species of Sesia (whereof two from

Japan), by Mr. A. G. Butler; and of new genera and species of

AXgeride, by the same author.

Descriptions of various new species of Diurnal Lepidoptera

from the West Coast of Africa and other localities, by Messrs.

Hewitson, Druce and Butler, appear in the ‘Entomologist’s

Monthly Magazine; also “Notes on Japanese Butterflies, with

Descriptions of new Genera and Species,” by the Rev. R. P.

Murray.

A “List of the Species of Fulgora, with Descriptions of New

Forms in the Collection of the British Museum,” by Mr. A. G.

Butler, appear in the ‘ Illustrated Proceedings of the Zoological

Society” (Part 1, 1874); two species from India being also sub-

_ sequently described by the same author in the ‘ Annals of Natural

History’ (August, 1874).

Several papers on ‘‘ Hemiptera-Homoptera from Japan,” with

lvii

descriptions of various new genera and species, by Mr. John

Scott, have also appeared in these ‘Annals.’ Others on British

Hemiptera by MM. Douglas and Scott and Mr. E. Saunders,

have appeared in the ‘ Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine.’

The Editors of this work have announced their intention of

publishing an annual summary of all additions to the British

Fauna in the several orders of insects.

A series of papers and diagrams of the structure of the wings

in the several genera of Dipterous Insects, by the late Francis

Walker (the figures from drawings by Haliday), has appeared in

several numbers of the ‘ Entomologist’ during the past year.

An important sequel to the ‘Nomenclator Zoologicus’ of

Agassiz has been compiled by Count Augustus de Marschall,

and issued under the patronage of the Zoologico-Botanical

Society of Vienna; comprising all the new genera of the

Animal Kingdom described from 1846 to 1868, with references

to the respective publications. ;

A new volume of the ‘ Zoological Record’ (vol. ix., 1872) has

also been issued during the past year.

In conclusion, I would beg to call attention to the advantages

derivable from giving timely notice to our Secretary of papers to

be read, or of subjects to be discussed, at successive meetings,

the publication of which notices would be likely to prove attractive

to many of our members, and enable them to come prepared for

the occasion.

° So eee .

The thanks of the mecting were unanimously voted to the I ae ce

his Address and for his services during the past year. The Presi

returned thanks. . i

Thanks were also voted to the other officers for their services during the

year. Mr. M‘Lachlan returned thanks.

lyiii

Abstract of the Treasurer's Accounts for 1874.

Receipts. Payments.

$5" ils d.

Balance brought pase, 9 1 3/ Rent, Librarian & Of) 5g 3 10

from last account . Expenses

Arrears of Subscriptions Printing ‘ Transactions’

paid in 1874 ; sete 2 and ‘ Ha seaatee free 4 :

154 Subscriptions for Plates — Drawing, En-

Leyva =”. ? 3 * }16) Ane graying and Bonde | 28 8-18 9

13 Admission iced, oe at GO) aiel ) y Gelonmnap : oT

Tea Subscriptions . . 1613 0} Books purchased, ee 6

Sale of Publications. . 62 2 10| Binding

Divid. on £181 18s. oa B87 Tea, 13 Meetings . +. AD’ doe

3-per-Cent. Consols Balance in Treasurer naa ge 7

hands

£297 6 8 £297 6 8

Assets of the Society.

Arrears of Subscriptions considered good (say). 18 18

Cost of £181 18s. 5d. 3-per-Cent. Consols . 167 4

Cash balancein hand . .. . Gece 0. <8

£186 10 7

MAY 3 13%

Loe ew 9’

E. NEWMAN, PRINTER, DEVONSHIRE STREET, BISHOPSGATE.

i=)

OO Oe

Cine)

INDEX.

Nore.—Where the name only of an Insect is mentioned, the description

of the Insect will be found at the page referred to.

The Arabic Figures refer to the pages of the ‘ Transactions ,’ the

Roman Numerals to the pages of the ‘ Proceedings.’

PAGE i

GENERAL SUBJECTS .... lix | LEPIDOPTERA ...-+eeece Theil

JERE Sp Aa ee enone lix | INRAMLOOIN cogooondon[c lxix

IASRACHINTDA™ s.eccnese ssc Ix | NEUROPTERA Joce os ]xix

COLEOPRBBRAG 6606606504 lx ORTHOPTERA ..+++-ees lxix

SP PSE RAGrs sevayeravele's/s ee s/e-0ie Ixvi STREPSIPTERA ...s-.+eee lxx

ELEATEPIDEBIAW ~<50:s1a\ sie sisi 0:8 Ixvi THYSANURA «200 ccccccce Ixx

ELYMEINOPTMRA cccseceoe. Ixvi

GENERAL SUBJECTS.

Anniversary Address of the President, xxxiii.

Annual Report of the Council for 1874, xxxi.

Arctic insects from Spitzbergen, vii.

Arrested development in a butterfly, xi.

Coffee plantations destroyed by Longicorn beetles, ii.—Further communica-

tions thereon, vii.—Ditto, x.—Note respecting habits of borer, xiv.

Guérin-Méneville, his death announced, iii.

New Zealand Fauna, remarks thereon, xxiv.

Nomenclature, Dr. Sharp’s remarks on, viii.

Oak galls from Rayleigh, xxvii.

Walnut attacked by a Zortria, xviii.

Wheat from Australia and Japan attacked by weevils, iy.

APTERA.

Hemalastor in a cave in Switzerland, ii.

per

ARACHNIDA.

Acari on a species of fly, xix.

Argas pipistrelle exhibited, xix.

Spider’s nest from France, remarks on, xxiv.—Further remarks thereon,

XXvl.

COLEOPTERA.

Abdera triguttata from Inverness-shire, xxvi.

Acanthoglossa (?) setigera, 67.

Adorium japonicum, 176.

Adionychis japonicus, 189.

Hgotypus, 371.—Z2. trilobatus, 372.

Agus grandis, 411. .

Enidea abdominalis, 180.—armata, 179.—basalis, 181.—nigripes, 182.—

ornata, 180.

Agelastica cerulea, 188.

Agestrata Semperi exhibited, iv.

Agrilus abdominalis, 325.—inquinatus, 326.—nigrocinctus, 325. —

pilicauda, 326.—pulcher, 327,.—rubrifrons, 324.—Semperi, 324.—

vilis, 327. '

Alecyopis chalcea, 221.

Aleochara claviger, 7.—discoidea, 7—fucicola, 9.—japonica, &.—

parens, 6.—peregrina, 9.—presul, 9.

Algon, 22.—A. grandicollis, 23.

Allorhina hypoglauca, 475.

Amara alpina taken at Aviemore, xix.

Anatona alboqguttata, 476.

Anobium destructive to printer's blocks, xxiii.

Anochilia conjuncta, 478.—marginicollis, 479.

Anoplognathus quadrilineatus, 538.

Anthobium solitare, 98.

Anthores leuconotus destructive to coffee plantations, ii—Further com-

munication thereon, vil.

Aphthona collaris, 198.—Pryeri, 198.—pygme@a, 198.—sordida, 197.—

strigosa, 197.

Apteropoda nigro-picea, 207.

Apion Ryei from Shetland, xxvi,—sanguineum from Esher, xxvi.

Argopistes coccinelloides, 202.

Argopus clypeatus, 206.—orientalis, 206.

Arthrotus cyaneus, 184.—variabilis, 183.

Articerus brevipes, 512.—Deyrollei, 514.—gibbulus, 413.—Kingius, 512.

—Pascoeus, 511.—spinifer, 513.—tumidus, 510.— Westwoodi, 510.

Athoiis subfuscus from Shetland, xxvi.

Aulacophora angulicollis, 186.—quadriplagiata, 186.

Aulacopris, 536.

Batrisus angustus, 113.—dissimilis, 116.—modestus, 116. —optatus,

112.—ornatus, 114.—stipes, 115.

¢ see 3

COLEOPTERA—continued.

Bledius fragilis, 90.—lucidus, 90.—orphanus, 91.

Bolitobius japonicus, 20.

Boreaphilus japonicus, 96.— Lewisianus, 96.

Bostrichide, habits of a species from British Burmah, xii.

Bryaxis alienus, 120.—concolor, 502.—crassipes, 125.—cubitus, 122.—

curtus, 124.—deformis, 499.—dispar, 498.—euplectodes, 504.—

grata, 500.—impar, 500.—inflata, 497.—micans, 497.—mundus,

122.—optata, 496.—plecta, 502.—princeps, 118.—protervus, 121.

—pullus, 123.—recta, 496.—spreta, 501—suleata, 503.

Bryoporus Lewisius, 19.

Buprestid@ from the Philippines, viii.

Bythinus japonicus, 125.

Callichroma opiparum, 222.

Caloédes, 539.

Cardanus levigatus, 412.

Cassida consociata, 213.—erudita, 212.—japana, 212.—vittata, taken

near Chatham, vii.

Centrotoma prodiga, 107.

Cercyon olibrus, 418.—sorex, 418.—ustus, 418.

Ceroplesis caffra, destructive to coffee plantations, ii.

Cetonia Boholica, leucogramma, papalis, purpurisata and tenuicollis,

from the Philippines, iv.

Chalcothea auripes, 474.

Chiasognathus pubescens, 369.—peruvianus, 369.

Chrysobothris octonotata, 317.—philippinensis, 318.—pictiventris, 316.

—ventralis, 318.

Chrysochroa Semperi, 303. 4

Chrysodema adjuncta, 310.—antennata, 313.—Deyrollei, 301 Dole

nit, 308.—flavicornis, 306.—intercostata, 308.—pranima, 311.—

purpureicollis, 309.—smaragdula, 312.—variipennis, 310.

Chrysomela japana, 171.

Cleozona pulchra, 223.

Clinteria formosa exhibited, iv.—tricolorata, 477.

Cneorane elegans, 182.

Colorado beetle, remark respecting, v. :

Coluocera atte, found in magazines of Aphenogaster structor, \v.

Conurus germanus, 17.—pumilus, 18.

emisti, 214.

Bee as. pg) pissenidess 319.—melibeiformis, 321.—pullatus,

320. ie

lus colon, 440.—coriaceus, . : ,

ae arc and simillima from the Philippines, 1v.

epidodera parvula, 195.

ae se ilbsape 59.—japonicum, 60.—pectorale, 60.

Cryptodactylus philippinensis, 321.

Ctenistes armatus, 111.—impressus,

parvus, 486.— similis, 112.—simplea, 486.

485.—medius, 111.—oculatus, 110.

( Ixii_ )

COLEOPTERA—continued.

Cyclonotum breve, 419.—simplea, 419.

Cymatonycha, 234.—C. castanea, 234.

Cyphaleus insignitus, 546.—quadrispinosus, 545.

Dalma, 504.—pubescens, 505.

Deinopsis modestus, 16.

Demotina decorata, 163.—fasciata, 162.—fasciculata, 162.—modesta,

164.

Desmiphora canescens, 226.

Diaphonia Digglesii exhibited, iv.—ruficornis, 477.

Dicercomorpha mutabilis, 314.

Doryphora decemlineata, remarks respecting, v.

Durbos, 495.—D. priscus, 495.

Eburodacrys sticticollis, 220.

Elythomerus, 535.—L. elongatulus, 535.

Encymon regatis, 440.

Epopterus Clara, 443.—dives, 443.

Erana pusilla, 233.

Estola vittulata, 226.

Eucibdelus japonicus, 29.

Euglypta attenuata and biplagiata from the Philippines, iv.

Eulepidius luridus, 357.

Humathes cuprascens, 233.

Eumicrus vestitus, 126.

Eumorphus Murrayi, 437.—sanguinipes, 438.

Euplectus convexus, 509.—opacus, 509.

Buryomia quadrimaculata, 477.

HLuryporus picipes taken near Chatham, viii.

Jurytrachelus eurycephalus, 371.

Hvesthetus nitidulus, 78.

Falagria fovea, 3.—sapida, 2.—simplea, 2.

Figulus ater, 412.—cambodiensis, 414.—mediocris, 414.— minutus,

414.—punctato-striatus, 413.—rugosus, 413.

Galleruca annulicornis, 177.—distincta, 178.—tibialis, 176.—vittati-

collis, 178.

Gerallus, 493.— G. nanus, 494.

Glycyphana mediata, 476.—pulcherrina from the Philippines, iv.

Gnaphaloryx sculptipennis, 362.

Goérius carinatus, 32.

Goliathus albo-pictus 9, 473.

Graptodera angustata, 191.—c@rulescens, 190.—flavicornis, 192.—ful-

vipennis, 193.—picipes, 191.—viridi- cyanea, 191.

Gymnetis subpunctata, 474.

Gyrinus curtus, 417.

HTaltica erata on rose leaves, xviii.

Hammoderus nitidus, 224.

Helota gemmata, 448.

Herma@ophaga Adamsii, 193.

C lan 5

COLEOPTERA—continued.

Heterachthes obtusus, 221.

Heterocerus australasie, 536.

Heterochthes andamanensis, 359,

Heterothops cognatus, 20.

Hispa japonica, 215.—merens, 215.—subquadrata, 216.

Homalota distans, 14.—Lewisia, 14.—transfuga, 13.—vivida, 15,

Homeusa japonica, 5.

Hfoplistocerus gemmatus, 227.

Hypermallus dedaleus, 219.

Ilyobates pictus, 11.

LIridotenia cupreo-marginata, 304.—sulcifera, 306.—trivittata, 305,

Lsomerida lineata, 232.

Lemophleus ferrugineus, infesting wheat from Australia, iy.

Lasinus, 106.—L. spinosus, 106.

Lathrobinm anguinum, 57.—crassicorne, 59.—digne, 55.—hobense, 57.—

nudum, 55.—partitum, 56.—scabripenne, 58.—stilicoides, 58,

Leistotrophus gracilis, 28.—oculatus, 29.

Leptinopterus fraternus, 359.

Leptostylus cineraceus, 230.—hispidulus, 229.—palliatus, 229.

Lepturges fragillimus, 230.—gratiosus, 231.—tigrellus, 231.

Lesteva fenestrata, 97.

LTiprus hirtus, 194.

Lispinus longulus, 101.

Lithocaris dissimilis, 66.— Lewisia, 65.— parviceps, 66.— prolira,

65.

Lomaptera Higginsii, from Borneo, xxv.

Longicorn Coleoptera destructive to coffee plantations, ii.—Further com-

munications thereon, vii.—Discussion as to their attacking healthy

or diseased wood, x.—Further remarks thereon, xiv.— Waterhouse’s

Synonymical notes, xxviii.

Lucanus Swinhoei, 370.

Luperodes pallidulus, 187.

LIuperus Moorii, 188.

Lymexylon navale, near Manchester, xxvi.

Macronota propinqua, from the Philippines, iv.

Megacronus princeps, 19.—setiger, 18.

Megarthrus conveaus, 100.—japonicus, 99.—parallelus, 99.

Melospila consociata, 185.

Mesunius, 68.—M. Wollastonii, 68.

Microglotta princeps, 6.

Morana, 117.—. discedens, 118.

Mycetina Africana, 442.—-candens, 441.

Myrmedonia comes, 10.—socius, 10.

Neognathus, 69.—N. angulatus, 70.

Nephalius nigriventris, 220.

Nigidius obesus, 361.

Nodina chalcosoma, 170.

( lxiv )

COLEOPTERA — continued.

Nodostoma consimile, 168.—flavo-pustulatum, 169.—hirticolle, 167.—

pallidulum, 169.

Nonarthra eyaneum, 210.—fulvum, 211.

Ocalea japonica, 4.

Ocypus gloriosus, 34.—Lewisius, 33.—parvulus, 33.

Odontolabis striatus, 360.

@iichirus Ide, 76.—Lewisius, 76.

Olophrum simplex, 97.

Omalium japonicum, 98.

Oreodera obsoleta, 228.—semialba, 228.

Osorius angustulus, 89.

Othinus latus, 51.—medius, 50.—rufipennis, 49.

Oxypoda japonica, 12.—proba, 13.

Oxytelus cognatus, 94.—crassicornis, 92.—levior, 92.—laticornis, 95.—

Lewisius, 95.—mimulus, 94.— opacifrons, 93.—vicinus, 94.

Pachnoda hilaris, 478.

Pederus Ide, 75.—mizxtus, 75.—Poweri, 74.

Parachilia bufo, 475.

Paria, 165.—P. robusta, 166.—variabilis, 166.

Pedanus levis, 439.

Phea mirabilis, 232.

Phedimus Jagori, remarks respecting female, iv.

Phedon brassice, 174.—incertum, 175.

Phagonophana setosa, 516.

Philonthus algarum, 38.—amicus, 45.—egens, 44.—gastralis, 48.—ger-

manus, 41.—histrio, 37.—japonicus, 40.—kobensis, 46.—Lenisius,

42.—macies, 41.—mimulus, 38.—mutans, 43.—nudus, 36.—parcus,

40.—prolatus, 46.—pumilus, 49.—quediodes, 38.—rectangulus,

42.—rutiliventris, 47.—sericans, 45.—solidus, 43.—spinipes, 39.—

tiro, 49.—vestitus, 37.

Phucobius, 35.--P. simulator, 35,

Phyllotreta funesta, 196.

Pinophilus insignis, 77.—P. Lewisius, 77.—rufipennis, 78.

Plagiodera distincta, 174.

Platyphanes oblongus, 547.

Platyphymatia, 537.—P. eneopicea, 537.

Platysthetus operosus, 91.

Plectroscelis concinnicollis, 208.—cylindrica, 208.—granulosa, 207.

Pecilonota Semperi, 315.

Prophanes spinosus, 546.

Proteinus crassicornis, 100.

Pselaphide of New Zealand, remarks thereon, xxiv.

Pselaphus mundus, 491.—pauper, 492.—tenuis, 493.

Psylliodes angusticollis, 209.—difficilis, 210.—punctifrons, 209.

Ptinus hololeucus, in tea, xxvii.

Qucdius Japonicus, 26.—Juno, 24.—Lewisius, 27.—parviceps, 25.—

pretiosus, 26.—simulans, 25.

——— CU

——

(obey. )

COLEOPTERA —continued.

Rhizopertha pusilla, infesting wheat, from Japan, iv.

Rientis, 21.—R. parviceps, 21.

Sebethe flavipennis, 194.

Sagola, 506.—S. major, 507.—misella, 508.—parva, 508.—prisca, 507.

Sambus auricolor, 322.—lugubris, 323.

Santhota, 3.—S. sparsa, 4.

Scelodonta Lewisii, 165.

Schizorrhina palmata exhibited, iv.

Scopeus basicornis, 63.—complea, 61.—lithocaroides, 63.—virilis, 62.

Scydmenus debilis, 127.—Edwardsi, 515.—fustiger, 128.—japonicus,

127.—optatus, 515.—reversus, 128.

Silvanus similis from Esher, xxvi.

Sitophilus granarius, infesting wheat, from Japan, iv.—S. ovize, infest-

ing wheat, from Australia, iv.

Sphenognathus canaliculatus, 368.—circumflexus, 867.—nobilis, 366.—

signatus, 366.—Taschenbergi, 368.

Spheroderma apicalis, 205.—fuscicornis, 202.—japana, 204.—separata,

205.—seriata, 203.—tarsata, 203.

Stalagmosoma quadriguttata, 480.—scalaris, 480.

Staphilinus inornatus, 31.—paganus, 30.—subeneus, 31.

Stenesthetus, 79.—S. sunioides, 80.

Stenotarsus indianus, 446.—leoninus, 444.—philippinarum, 444.—

russatus, 446.—tabidus, 445.

Stenus alienus, 81.—cicindela, 85.—currax, 88.—dissimilis, 87.—hirtel-

lus, 86.—japonicus, 84.—Lewisius, 82.—macies, 83.—oblitus, 87.—

puberulus, 88.—rufescens, 88.—rugipennis, 85.—seaualis, 84.—

tenuipes, 80.—verecundus, 81.

Stigmodera atronotata, 542.—confusa, 541.—limbata, 544.—pubicollis,

539.—quinquepunctata, 541.—septemguttata, 540,—tibialis, 540.

—tricolorata, 545.—viridicineta, 548.

Stilicus rufescens, 61.

Stipesa, 108.—S. rudis, 109. :

Sunius bicolon, 72.—brevipes, 71.—ehloroticus, 74.—histrio, 71.—lati-

frons, 70.—oculatus, 72.—suffusus, 73.

Tachinus mimulus, 16.

Tachyporus celatus, 17.

Tachyusa algarum, 12.—rufescens, 11.

Tautoclines scissicauda, 225.

Temnoplectron lave, 537.

Thiasophila rufescens, 5. }

Thyamis Adamsii, 199.—amicula, 201.—bimaculata, 200.—ine

201.— Lewisii, 199.

Tmesiphorus speratus, 109.

Toxoscelus rugicollis, 322.

Trachys dubia, 328.—princeps, 328.

Trestonia assulina, 226.

Tryge@us, 420.—T. princeps, 421.

onspicua,

(. iva 4

COLEOPTERA—continued.

“Tyraphus, 489.—T. brevis, 491.—major, 491.— planus, 489.

Tyrus mirandus, 488.—mutandus, 487.

Velleius pectinatus, 24.

Westwoodia Homwittii from Borneo, xxvi.

Aantholinus japonicus, 52.—mixtus, 53.—pleuralis, 53.—suffusus, 52.

Xunthonia placida, 161.

Xanthophyus (2?) angustus, 54.

DIPTERA.

Cecidomyia ? on leaves of ash, xix.

Chrysotoxum festivum, correction of a remark on supposed instance of

gynandromorphism, xiii.

Macherium maritimum, cocoons found in a salt-marsh, xix.

Scenopinus, found in an old carpet, xix.

HEMIPTERA.

Phylloxera vastatriz, introduced into Switzerland from England, xxvii.

Species from South Europe, xxvii.

HYMENOPTERA.

Agathis atricornis, 398.

Andrena tibialis, remarks on stylopized specimens, ix.

Anomalon flavifrons, 395.—insidiator, 396.

Anthracias capensis, 455.—Remarks respecting the genus, xvii.

Aphenogaster aciculata, 405.—A. structor with Coluocera atte, found in

its magazines, iv.

Bees (wild), attacking hives of honey bee, xix.

Camponotus vitiosus, 403.

Cephus agilis, 386—viator, 385.

Chaleis obscurata, 399.

Cleptes awrora, 452.

Crematogaster laboriosa, 407.

Cryptus ambulator, 392.—basalis, 392.—carbonarius, 392.—maculipes,

393.— penetrator, 392.—punctator, 393.

Chrysis agilis, 461.—artifer, 456.—bipartitus, 462.—Daphne, 399.—

Saustus, 456.—festinus, 462.—fossulatus, 459.—imperiosus, 460.—

gemmatus, 461.—interceptor, 457.—intrudens, 458.—janthinus,

459. — parallelus, 458.—principalis, 461.—reversus, 457. —

shanghaiensis, 460.—varicolor, 462.—viridifrons, 457.—volatilis,

459. -

Dolerus ephippiatus, 383.—fuscipenuis, 383.—nigro-ceruleus, 384.—

subfusciatus, 384.

Epitranus albipennis, 400.

Epyris apicalis, 402.

Eurytoma antica, 401.

Halticella apicalis, 400.

Hylotoma captiva, 376,—ephippiata, 375.—humeralis, 374.—imperator,

374.—nigritarsis, 374.—pagana 9 ,376.—simillima, 375.—similis,

375.—trinotata, 376.

a oe

C ixviai

HYMENOPTERA—continued.

Hymenoptera from Caleutta, xxx.

Ichneumon cognatorius, 387,— cursorius, 388.— dentatus, 391.—

doliturus, 388.—flavitarsis, 389.—generosus, 387.—improvidus,

389. — incanescens, 390. — intrudens, 391. — irritator, 390. —

rufitarsis, 391.—vexator, 390.—virulentus, 389.

Ischnomyrmex famelicus, 405.

Leptothorax congruus, 406.

Lyda latifrons, 385.—venustus, 384.—volatilis, 384.

Macrophya apicalis, 378.—carbonaria, 380.—feroz, 379.—flavipes, 381.

—ignava, 379.—irritans, 380.—luctifera, 380.—n igropicta, 377.—

pacifica, 378.—timida, 380.—vewator, 378.

Monomorium intrudens, 406.

Mutilla insidiator, 408.—petulans, 408.—pungens, 407.

Myrmica levinodis, hermaphrodite specimens in Cheshire, iy.

Ophion flavopictus, 397.—pungens, 396.—unicolor, 397.

Pachyprotasis erraticus, 377.

Paniscus unicolovr, 396.

Parnopes chrysoprasina, 454.—sinensis, 454.—smaragdina, 453.

Pheidole fervida, 406.—nodus, 407.

Pimpla destructor, 394.—luctuosa, 394.

Polyrachis lameilidens, 403.

Ponera solitaria, 404.

Pyria protea, 465.—violacea, 465.

Saw-fly found on stunted willows in Spitzbergen, vii.

Selandria nigriceps, 376.

Sirex japonicus, 386.

Strongylogaster iridipennis, 377.

Tapinoma flavipes, 404.

Tenthredo erratica, 381.—hilaris, 382.—providens, 382.—scalaris, 382.—

volatilis, 383.

Thyreodon purpurascens, 395.

Trogus arrogans, 393, ay

Xylocopa, 250.—X. angolensis, 264.—anthophoroides, 289.—artif eee

289. — bombiformis, 280.—cerulea, 269.—carinata, 265.—cupri-

pennis, 261.—cyanea, 296.—electa, 293.—erratica, 293.—flavi-

labris, 263.—formosa, 299.—ignita, 276. —inconstans, a

loripes, 298.—lucida, 290.—metallica, 292.—mordaz, ee ee

cerulea, 279.—oblonga, 256.—ordinaria, 292.—ornata, aa

orpifex, 298.—pictipennis, 277.—producta, 263.—rotu bra _

291.—rufescens, 271.—similis, 291.—sonorina, 278.—tenuata, 299.

—varians, 291.

Xylonomus investigator, 397.

LEPIDOPTERA.

Adolias lupina, 158. penta:

Agaristidées.—Remarks on Boisduval’s Monograph, xxv.

( Ixviii )

LEPIDOPTERA—continued.

Agrotera nemoralis, from Lewes, xix.

Ancistroides longicornis, 436.

Anteros Medusa, 160.

Antigonus decens, 436.

Apatura Herse and Lycaon, correction of synonymy, iii.

Aphneus namaquus, 334.

Aterica clorana, 157.

Belenois solilucis, 483.

Butterflies from Japan, xix. ‘

Caligo dentina, 155.

Carystus placens, 435.

Characes imperialis, 531.

Cheimatobia brumata, remark respecting, xxx.

Cigaritis Amine, 533.

Deiopeia pulchella found in Devon in May, xiv.—Taken at Arundel and

Deal, xxiiii—Remarks respecting the insect in India, xxiii.

Deudorix deliochus, 352.—deritas, 352.

Diloba ceruleocephala var., xxx.

Dyctis astrifera, 425.

Buplea magnifica, 423.

Huptychia angelica, 424.—peculiaris, 424.—stelligera, 424.

Eurygona fervida, 431.

Harma Claudianus, 157.— Corsandra, 158.

Heliconia arcuella, 156.

Hestina mimetica, 426.

Hibernia defoliaria bred, xxx.

Hypochrysops dicomas, 350.—halyetus, 350.—herdonius, 352.—hippuris,

351.— Hypates, 351.

Hypolycena Seamani, 332.

Tolaus mimose, 330.

Ivias familiaris, 432.

Lee’s coloured specimens to illustrate the history of butterflies,—an old

and rare book, xx.

Limacodes asellus bred, xxiii.

Liphyra Leucyania, 355.

Lycena chinensis, 523.—Felderi, 527.—indica, 525.—lineata, 524.—

Phebe, remarks respecting, ii. parva, 526.—pulehra, 524.

Lycenesthes Lacides, 348.—Leptines, 348.—Licates, 350.— Ligures, 349.

—Liodes, 349.—Lucretilis, 349.— Lusones, 347.— Lysicles, 348.

Lycenide, remarks on generic characters, xxv.

Mesosemia atroculis, 429.—grandis, 159.—hesperina, 430.—judicialis,

430.—latizonata, 430.—trilineata, 429.

Morpho Alexandrovna, 155.

Mynes Guerini, note on, 237.

Myrina bimaculata, 353.—nomenia, 353.

Necyria Butleria, 159.— Whitelyiana, 159.

Neptis fervescens, 427.

(Gyles)

LEPIDOPTERA—continued.

Nola albulalis, taken near London, xxiii.

Nonagria brevilinea, taken in Norfolk, xxiii.

Opsiphanes luteipennis, 425.

Palustra Laboulbenei, remark respecting supposed aquatic larva, vi.

Panara arctifascia, 432.—awreizona, 431,

Panopea Drucei, 426.

Paphia Hauxmelli, 158.

Papilio Merope, notes on the habits, 131.— Observations on, 137.—Drucei,

434.—ineandescens, 433.—metaphaon, 434.—Nireus, discussion

respecting changes of colour in the pup, xxiv.—polystictus, 435.

Perisama Canoma, 156.—Vichada, 156.

Phyciodes nana, 156.

Phycita sp. (?), from Spitzbergen, vi.

Planema amphiprotea, 428.—arctifascia, 427.—pseudoprotea, 428.

Plutella cruciferarum, from Spitzbergen, vi.

Poritia Phalena, 344.—Phalia, 345.—Pharyges, 345.—Pheretia, 346.—

Philota, 346.— Pleurata, 346.— Potina, 347 .—Promula, 347.

Pronuba yuccasella, remark thereon, xviii—Further remarks thereon,

Xxiil.

Pseuderesia, 532.—P. Catharina, 582.

Pseudodipsas Cephenes, 344.—Digglesii, 344.

Pterophorus rhododactylus bred, xxiii.

Rusalkia Charon, 482.

Sesia culiciformis, remarks thereon, xxiii.

Soienobia inconspicuella, remarks respecting, xi.

Thecla rubi, from St. Leonard’s Forest, xix.

Zeritis Barklyi, 338.—Lycegenes, 337.— Orthrus, 340.—Zaraces, 354.—

Zorites, 355.

MYRIOPODA.

A blind Myriopod, in Switzerland, ii.

NEUROPTERA.

Brachycentrus subnubilus, found in great numbers attached to leaves of

Symphytum officinale, xi. =

Calotermes sp. ?, bred at Kew from Trachylobium Hornmannianum, xii.

Goniotaulius arcticus, from Spitzbergen, vi.

Oniscigaster Wakefieldi, remark respecting transformations, v1.

ORTHOPTERA.

An insect allied to Xiphidium, sold in Shanghai in cages, vi.

Cricket, kept in Turkey in paper cages, vi.

Empusa pauperata, respecting larve from Hyeres, xiv.

Locusts : Article in “ Household Words,” viii.

("> das)

ORTHOPTERA—continued.

Mantis, specimens of larve from Sarawak, xxx. ‘ee

Mantis religiosa, from Tyrol, xxiii,

STREPSIPTERA.

Stylops, remarks on specimens found in Andrena tibialis, ix.

THYSANURA.

A minute Poduwra in a cave in Switzerland, ii.

LONDON:

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NEWTON STREET, HIGH HOLBORN,

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1.2. CIGARITIS AMINE

THE

TRANSACTIONS

Bee, OF THE

_ ENTOMOLOGICAT. SOCIETY

Hs,

LONDON

FOR THE YEAR

1874

ere aid NN

X eae

PART I.

Be ee

LONDON:

OCIBTY BY C. ROWORTH & SONS,

EET, HIGH HOLBORN.

12, BEDFORD ROW;

PRINTED FOR THE §

NEWTON STR

sOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S ROOMS,

AND BY

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OCIETY IN PARIS IS M- DEYROLLE, 19, RUE DE LA MONNAIE.

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CONTENTS OF PART L.

I. The Staphylinide of Japan. By DAvip SHarP,M.B. . . .

Il. The Pselaphide and Scydmenide of Japan. By DAVID SHARP, M.B. 1 Q

IIL. Notes on the Habits of Papilio Merope, with a pores of its

Larva and Pupa. By J. P. MANSEL WEALE, B.A. oe

IV. Observations on the Case of Papilio Merope, Auct.; with an account

of the various known forms of that Butterfly. By ROLAND ae

F.LS., F.Z.S., &c., Curator of the South-African Museum

V. Descriptions of Fifteen new species of Diurnal Lepidoptera, chil

from South America. By HERBERT DRUCE, F.L.S., F.Z.S.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON,

No. 12, BEDFORD ROW.

COUNCIL, 1874.

Sir SIpNEY SMITH SAUNDERS, C.M.G., President.

Prof. J. O. WEstTWwoop, M.A., F.L.S.

H. T. STAINTON, Esq., F.R.S., &e. Vice-Presidents.

J. W. DUNNING, Esq., F.L.S.

ROBERT M‘LACHLAN, Esq. F.L.S., Treasurer.

FERDINAND GRUT, Esq., F.LS.

G. H. VERRALL, Esq. } Secretaries.

W.C. Boyp, Esq. FREDERICK SMITH, Esq.

RAPHAEL MELDOLA, Esgq., F.C.S. SAMUEL STEVENS, Esq., F.L.S.

FREDERIC Moone, Esq. J. JENNER WEIR, Esq., F.L.S.

The Moctisips are held at Burlington. House, Piceadilly, at 7 PM. on the fi ‘sb

_ Monday in every Month from November to ied ee, cae on the thir

Monday in November, February, and March. — we) Vide

r Pie Ursa tents No. 12, Dato!

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_ dom they will be forwarded free, by in oy

THE

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

LONDON

FOR THE YEAR

1874.

PART iI:

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY C. ROWORTH & SONS,

NEWTON STREET, HIGH HOLBORN.

SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S ROOMS, 12, BEDFORD ROW,

AND BY

LONGMAN, GREEN, READER AND DYER, PATERNOSTER ROW.

—_——_——

THE AGENT OF THE SOCIETY IN PARIS IS M. DEYROLLE,

—_

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CONTENTS OF, PART IL

PAGE

VI. Catalogue of the Phytophagous Coleoptera of Japan, with descrip-

tions of the species new to science. By JOSEPH ig ee F.LS.

(continued from page 99, vol. for 1873) ‘ °

VII. Supplement to the Longicorn ets: of Chontales, Niemagua

By H. W. Bates, F.L.S. .

VIII. Notes on Mynes Guerini, Wallace. By W. H. Magen

IX. Note on “A Catalogue of the described Diurnal Lepidoptera of

Australia, by Mr. George saga) of the bea saati Museum.” sh

W.H. Miskin. .

X. Monograph of the Genus Ti. kaa By icnieeee Suri

Assistant in the Zoological Department of the British Museum

XI. Notes on the Buprestide collected by Professor Semper in the

Philippine Islands; with descriptions of the new species. By

EDWARD SAUNDERS, F.L.S. see Si PE Rote ea

Proceedings : 5 . ; , ‘ : were ; : ; i

ENTOMOLOGICAL | SOCIETY OF LONDON,

No. 12, BEDFORD ROW.

COUNCIL, 1874. -

Sir SIDNEY SMITH SAUNDERS, C.M.G., President.

Prof. J. O. WEsSTWoopD, M.A., F.L.S.

H. T. STAINTON, Esq., F.R.S., &c. Vice- Presidents.

J. W. Dunnine, Esq., F.L.S.

ROBERT M‘LACHLAN, Esq. F.L.S., Zreasurer.

FERDINAND GRUT, Esq., F.L.S.

G. H. VERRALL, Esq.

W. C. Boyp, Esq.

RAPHAEL MELDOLA, Esq., F.C.S.

FREDERICK MooRE, Esq.

} Secretaries.

FREDERICK SMITH, Esq.

SAMUEL STEVENS, Exsq., F.L.S.

J. JENNER WEIR, Esq., F.L.S.

The Meetings are held at Burlington House, Piccadilly, at 7 P.M. on the first

Monday in every Month from November to July inclusive, and on the third

Monday in November, February, and March.

The Librarian attends at No, 12, Bedford Row, every Monday, from 2 to 7

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dom they will be forwarded free, by post.

THE

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

LONDON

FOR THE: Y RAK

1874.

PART III.

WITH FOUR PLATES.

LONDON:

PRINTED FOR THE SOCIETY BY C. ROWORTH & SONS,

NEWTON STREET, HIGH HOLBORN.

SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S ROOMS, 12, BEDFORD ROW,

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jae ra

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CONTENTS OF PART IIL

XII. On some new species of South African Lycenide. By ROLAND

TRIMEN, F.L.S., &c., Curator of the South African Museum

XIIL Descriptions of new species of i Sprepn from his own gibi hi

By W. C. HEWITSON ;

XIV. Illustrations of several additional species of ude in the Collee-

tion of Major F. J. Bainey mine By J. O. WESTWOOD, M.A.,

F.LS. . A

XV. Further descriptions of Liadsabiel Coleoptera By Major F. J. Sixer

Parry, F.LS. .

XVI. Descriptions of new species of Tenthredinide, PROUT a,

Chrysidide, Formicide, &c. of Japan. By FREDERICK SMITH

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON,

No. 12, BEDFORD ROW.

COUNCIL, 1874.

Sir Sipney SMITH SAUNDERS, C.M.G., President.

Prof. J. O. WESTWOOD, M.A., F.L.S.

H. T, STAInTon, Esq., F.R.S., &c. \ Vice-Presidents.

J. W. DUNNING, Esq., F.L.S.

ROBERT M‘LACHLAN, Esq. F.L.S., Treasurer.

FERDINAND GRUT, Esq., F.L.S. :

G. H. VERRALL, Esq. ; } Secretaries.

W. C. Boyp, Esq.

RAPHAEL MELDOLA, Esq., F.C.S.

FREDERICK MOORE, Esq.

FREDERICK SMITH, Esq.

SAMUEL STEVENS, Esq., F.L.S.

J. JENNER WEIR, Esq., F.L.S.

The Meetings are held at Burlington House, Piccadilly, at 7 P.M. on the first

Monday in every Month from November to July surire, vat on the third

Monday in November, February, and March.

The Librarian attends at No. 12, Bedford Row, every Ra from 2 to 7

o’clock.

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THE

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OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

LONDON

1874.

FOR THE YEAR

PART IV.

WITH ONE PLATE.

LONDON:

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The five Plates illustrating the Papers by Professor

Westwood, Mrs. Barber, Mr. A. G. Butler,

and the Rev. R. P. Murray, will appear in

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CONTENTS OF PART IV.

PAGE

XVII. Descriptions of new species of Zucanide. By Mons. HENRI q

DEYROLLE. Communicated by Major F. J. SIDNEY PARRY, .

¥.LS. 411

XVIII. Some Additions to the Coleopterous Fauna of Japan. ByD. SHaRp 41

XIX. Descriptions of some new species and a new genus of Diurnal ’

Lepidoptera, in the collection of Herbert Druce, Esq. By q

A. G. BUTLER, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &c. 423%

XX. Descriptions of new apo of ’ Endomycici: By Rey. H. ‘s. I

GORHAM 437°

XXI. Observations on the genus Helota, M‘Leay, with description of i

a new species from Japan. By Rev. H.S.GoRHAM 447.

XXII. A Revision of the Hymenopterous genera Cleptes, Parnopes,

Anthracias’, Pyria and Stilbwm, with descriptions of new

species of those genera, and also of new species of the genus

Chrysis from North China and Australia. By FREDERICK 3

‘ SMITH . : 451 |

XXIII. Descriptions of some new species ‘of Exotic Cetoniide. By J. 0. q

WEstTWOOD, M.A., F.L.S., &c. ; 4735

XXIV. Descriptions of new genera and species ‘of Pselaphide and a

Scydmenide trom Australia and New Zealand. By D.SHARP 483 }

XXV. Notes on the peculiar habits and changes which take place in the 7

larva and pupa of Papilio Nireus. By Mrs. M. E. BARBER.

Communicated by CHARLES DARWIN, M.A., F.R.S., &. =. 519

“XVI. Deseriptions of some new species belonging to the genus Lycena. =

By the Rev. R. P. Murray, M.A. 523)

XXVIL. Descriptions of three new species and a new genus of Diurnal am

Lepidoptera, from the collection of Andrew Swanzy, i 4

By ARTHUR GARDINER BUTLER, F.L.S., F.Z.S., &e. . 531

XXVIII. Notes on Australian Coleoptera, with descriptions of new species.

By Cas. O. WATERHOUSE . 535 |

Proceedings 3 ‘ . s : . : : : : eat!”

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF OMe

No. 12, BEDFORD ROW.

COUNCIL, 1874.

Sir SipNEY SMITH SAUNDERS, C.M.G., President.

Prof. J. O. WEstwoop, M.A., F.LS. ‘ :

H. T. STAInTON, Esq., F.R.S., &c. Vice-Presidents. f

J. W. DunNInG, Esq., F.L.S. P

_ Ropert M‘Lacuuay, Esq. F.L.S., Zreasurer. ; a

FERDINAND GRUT, Esq., F.L.S. a

G. H. VERRALL, Esq. } Secretaries.

W. C. Boyp, Esq. FREDERICK SMITH, Esq. -.

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FREDERICK MOORE, Esq. J. JENNER WEIR, Esq., ELS.

The Meetings are held at Burlington House, Piccadilly, at 7 p.m. on the first,

Monday in every Month from November to July inclusive, and on the third

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tae Librarian attends at No. 12, Bedford Row, every Monday, from 2 to. f

o’cloc dh

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THE

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ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

LONDON

FOR THE YEAR

1874.

PART V.

WITH FIVE PLATES.

LONDON:

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NEWTON STREET, HIGH HOLBORN,

SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S ROOMS, 12, BEDFORD ROW,

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CONTENTS OF PART V.

PAGE

Proceedings ; . ; ’ ; : , : j : : ot i

Title Page, List of Members, Index, &c.

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON,

No. 12, BEDFORD ROW.

COUNCIL, 1874.

Sir SipNeEY SmiTrH SAUNDERS, C.M.G., President.

Prof. J. O. WEstwoop, M.A., F.L.S.

H. T. STAINTON, Esq., F.R.S., &c. Vice-Presidents.

J. W. DUNNING, Esq., F.L.S.

ROBERT M‘LACHLAN, Esq. F.L.S., Treasurer.

FERDINAND GRuvT, Esq., F.L.S. ,

G. H. VERRALL, Esq. } Seeretaries.

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