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67

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

OF

LONDON

‘\ THE

TRANSACTIONS

OF THE

iva! HNTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

OF

LONDON

MONT.

BELT GN

JUL161919

ty ‘

og +

Mth. : ns

Ms enian Dep

LONDON: (

SOLD AT THE SOCIETY'S ROOMS, 11, CHANDOS STREET

CAVENDISH SQUARE, W.,

AND BY LONGMANS, GREEN, AND CQ,

PATERNOSTER ROW, E.C. ; AND NEW YORK.

1917-1918.

_—s

DATES OF PUBLICATION IN PARTS.

Part I. (Trans., p. 1-267, Proc. i-xxxii) was published 24 Nov., 1917

eM TV. (-°%, 269-426, ,, xxxiii-xcvi) 5 16 May, 1918

a Ne -. X¢Vii—cil) 10 Dec., 1918

- :

| \ . “4 .

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON

FouNDED, 1833.

INCORPORATED BY RoyAL CHARTER, 1885,

Ce eee

PATRON: HIS MAJESTY THE KING.

OFFICERS and COUNCIL for the SESSION 1917-1918.

President,

Cc. J. GAHAN, M.A., D.Se:

Vice=Presidents,

T. A. CHAPMAN, M.D., F.Z.5.

G. B. LONGSTAFF, M.A., M.D.

THE Hon. N. C. ROTHSCHILD, M.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S.

Treasurer,

ALBERT HUGH JONES.

Secretaries

CommanpER JAMES J. WALKER, M.A., R.N., F.IS.

THE Rev. GEORGE WHEELER, M.A., F.Z.S.

Librarian,

GEORGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S., A.L.S

Otber Members of Council,

A. W. BACOT.

E. C. BEDWELL.

E. A. COCKAYNE, M.A., M.D.

: W. C. CRAWLEY, B.A.

H. WILLOUGHBY ELLIS, F.Z.S.

J. C. EF. FRYER, M.A.

S. A. NEAVE, M.A., B.Sc., F.Z,S.

R. M. PRIDEAUX.

A. E. TONGE.

Resident Librarian.

GEORGE BETHELL, F.R.HIst.S.

(vie)

Wusiness and Publications Committee.

ROBERT ADKIN.

G. T. BETHUNE-BAKER.

JOHN HARTLEY DURRANT.

REV. F. D. MORICE.

And the Executive Officers of the Council.

British Wational Committee of Entomological Momenclature.

G. T. BETHUNE-BAKER.

DER. Cala. GAEVAING

DR. K. JORDAN.

i. 6B, PROUD:

REV. GEORGE WHEELER.

JOHN HARTLEY DURRANT, Secretary.

CONTENTS.

PAGE

List of Fellows _... < = ae eat ire os ix

Additions to the Library ... 2s ae ee 7 ies ass XXX

MEMOTRS.

PAGE

I. Descriptions of South American Micro- se hc a ae: E.

Meyrick, B.A., F.R.S. ... zee : 2

II. New Species of Hymenoptera in the British Museum. by

Row tanpd E. Turner, F.Z.8., F.ES. ... aes 53

. III. New or little-known Heterocera from ou Bae ‘By Sir

GeorGE H. Kenrick, F.E.8.... ae0 85

| IV. Additions to the knowledge of the Cetoniidae of British India.

By Otiver E. Janson, FES. ... eae 102

V. On the Protocerebrum of Jlcropteryx Reins sy

P. A. Buxton, B.A., F.E.S., M.R.C.S., Fellow of one

College, Cambridge (Lieut. R.A.M.C. ) a 112

VI. Some Notes on Butterfly ae in British Guiana. By

C. B. Wirtrams, M.A., F.E.S. ... : .. 154

VIL. The condition of the scales in the leaden males of eons

thetis, Rott., and in other Lycaenids. By E. A. CockAyYneE,

D.M., F.R.C.P., Temporary Surgeon, R.N. ... Reape eee Go

VIII. On new and little-known Lagriidae from Eee America.

By GrEorGE CHARLES CHAMPION, F.Z.S. ; : cae LGD

IX. A Eg of the genus Tarucus. i G. T. BeTHUNE-BAKER,

»» EZ: oe aa ; 269

X. Notes on some British Guiana Biba Sister fesatuaiee of the

ey, By G. E. Bopxty, B.A., Dip. Agric. (Cantab.),

F.Z.S.,F.E.S8., Government Economie Biologist, cs agar

of Science and Agriculture, British Guiana ... . 297

XI. On a Collection of Butterflies taken in East Africa by Mr.

W. A. Lamborn. By H. Etrrincuam, M.A., D.Sc. With

notes on the Prerinae, by Dr. F. A. Dixey, F.R.S., and

description of a new form of P. dardanus g, by Prof. E. B.

Povtton, F.RS. ... os ‘ ‘ 322

XII. Further notes on ee vos attitudes in Lepidepter ra. _

T. A.CHapman, M.D. ... me z= .. 308

ee eee eae el

-

( viii, 4

PAGE

XIII. A Preliminary Catalogue of British Cectdomyidae (Diptera),

with special reference to the Gall-midges of the North of

England. By Ricuarp 8. Bac ee F.L.S., and J. W.

Hestor Harrison, D.Sc. , - se .. 346

Proceedings for 1917 eae oes Be Ss a ae Me i-cii

Annual Meeting ... Fie? or see oe pie “3 Se clii

Balance Sheet —... oes = ae fe =~ a: wee eviii

President’s Address ive vey as = aes eee as cix

General Index _... ser se _ aa uae aa re CXXiv

Special Index 435 a <— ee “0 55 aes Bad cxxix

EXPLANATION OF PLATES, TRANSACTIONS.

Plate I. See page 85 Plate XI. See page 168

Plate IT. = 86 Plate XII. 262

Plate III. * 92 Plate XIII. aA 263

Plate IV. 5 93 Plates XIV-XX. 5 284

Plate V. 4 99 Plates XXI-XXIII. 3 321

Plate VI. - 100 Sketch Map % 321

Plates VII-X. ~~ 152

PROCEEDINGS.

Plate A. See page xxii.

Plates B, C, » page xlvii.

Plates D, E, F. ,, pages Ixxiii-lxxv.

Plates G, H, J. ,, pages xe, xci.

“—.

—

————e

pe eet

(me)

Vist of Fellows

OF THE

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

HONORARY FELLOWS.

Marked * have died during the year.

Date of

Election.

1900 Aurtivitiius, Professor Christopher, Stockholm.

1915 Beruesu, Professor Antonio, ria Romana, 19, Firenze, Italy.

1905 Bontvar, Ignacio, Museo nacional de Historia natural, Hipodromo,

17, Madrid.

1911 Comstock, Prof. J. H., Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, U.S.A.

1894 Foret, Professor Auguste, M.D., Chigny, prés Morges, Switzerland.

1912 * Frey-Gressner, Dr. Emile, La Roseruie, Genéve, Switzerland.

1898 Grassi, Professor Battista, The University, Rome.

1915 Howarp, Dr. L. O., National Museum, Washington, U.S.A.

1914 Lameere, Professor A., Bruvelles.

1908 OpertHUr, Charles, Rennes, Ille-et-Vilaine, France.

1913 Tran-SHanski, A. P. Semenoff, Vassili Ostrov, 8 lin., 39, Petrograd,

Russia.

1911 Wasmany, Fr. Erich, 8.J., Valkenburg (L.) Ignatius Kolleg, Holland.

SPECIAL LIFE FELLOWS.

ate of mrs

Election.

1916 (1894) Mratt, Louis Compton, F.R.S., (CounciL, 1903, 1908),

Norton Way N., Letchworth.

1916 (1888) YersBurRy, Colonel John W., late R.A., F.Z.S., (COUNCIL,

1896, 1903-5), 2, Ryder-street, St. James's, S. W.

FELLOWS.

Marked * have died during the year. a

Marked + have compounded for their Annual Subscriptions.

Date of

Election

1914 Aparr, E. W., B.A., Turf Club, Cairo, Egypt.

1913 Apams, B. G., 15, Fernshaw-road, Chelsea, S.W.

1877 Apams, Frederick Charlstrom, F.Z.S., 50, Ashley-gardens, Victoria

street, S.W. 1.

ee

1902 ADKIN, Benaiah Whitley, Trenoweth, Hope-park, Bromley, Kent.

1885 ADKIN, Robert, (Counciz, 1901-2, 1911-13), Hodeslea, Meads,

Eastbourne.

1904 Agar, E. A., La Haut, Dominica, B. W. Indies.

1915 Azyar, K. 8. Padmanabha, Trivandrum, Travancore, India.

1914 Aryar, T. V. Ramakrishna, B.A., F.Z.S., The Agricultural College,

Coimbatore, S. India.

1912 Aen, J. W., M.A., 266, Wiliesden-lane, London, N.W. 2.

1911 AwnprErRson, T. J., Entomological Laboratory, Kabeti, Brit. E.

Africa.

1910 7 ANDREWES, H. E., 8, North Grove, Highgate, N.

1899 ANnpREws, Henry W., Shirley, Welling S.0., Kent.

1901 ANNrNG, William, 39, Lime Street, E.C. 3.

1908 | AnrRAM, Charles B., Somerdale Estate, Ootacamund, Nilgiri Hills,

S. India.

1913 ArmyraGE, Edward O., Penrose, Millock, Poundstock, Bude.

1907 ARNOLD, G., M.Se., A.R.C.S., Curator, Rhodesia Museum, Bulawayo

S. Africa.

1899 | Arrow, Gilbert J., (CounciL, 1905-7), 9, Rossdale-road, Putney,

S.W. 15; and British Musewm (Natural History), Cromaell-road,

S, Wit

1911 AsHpBy, Edward Bernard, 36, Bulstrode-road, Hounslow, Middlesex.

1907 + Asupy, Sidney R., 39, Park-lane, Wembley, Middlesex.

1886 Armorg, E. A., 48, High-street, King’s Lynn.

1913 Avinorr, André, Liteyny, 12, Petrograd, Russia.

1914 Awartt, P. R., Medical Entomologist, c/o Grindlay & Co., Bankers,

26, Westmorland-street, Calcutta.

1901 Bacor, Arthur W., (Counctn, 1916— ), York Cottage, York-hill,

Loughton, Essex.

1904 | BaGnatL, Richard S., Penshaw Lodge, Penshaw, Durham.

1909 BaGwertu-PureFoy, Capt. Edward, Hast Farleigh, Maidstone.

1916 Batrour, Miss Alice, 4, Car/ton-gardens, 8.W., and Whittingehame,

Prestonkirk, Scotland.

1912 Batuarp, Edward, Govt. Entomologist, Agricultural College and

Research Institute, Coimbatore, Madras, S. India.

1886 BanKes, Eustace R., M.A.

1890 Banrcuay, Francis H., F.G.S., The Warren, Cromer.

1886 BarcGacut, Marchese Piero, Piazza S. Maria, Palazzo Tempi No.1

Florence, Italy.

1895 Barker, Cecil W., 244, Hssenwood-road, Durban, Natal, South

Africa.

1902 Barravup, Philip J., Chester Cottage, Benhill-road, Sutton, Surrey.

1907 Barrierr, H. Frederick D., 1, Myrtle-road, Bournemouth.

1894 + Bareson, Prof. William, M.A., F.R.S., Fellow of St. John’s College,

Cambridge, The Manor House, Merton, Surrey

1908 Bayrorpb, E. G., 2, Rockingham-street, Barnsley.

’

( xi )

1904 Bayne, Arthur F., c/o Messrs. Freeman, Castle-street, Framlingham,

Suffolk.

1912 Baynes, Edward Stuart Augustus 120, Warwick-street, Eccleston-

square, S.W. 1.

1896 | BeaRE, Prof. T. Hudson, B.Sc., F.R.S.E., (V.-Pres., 1910;

Councin, 1909-11), 10, Regent Terrace, Edinburgh.

1908 Beck, Richard, Heckitt, The Park, Yeovil.

1905 Benronp, The Duke of, K.G., Pres. Z.S., etc., Woburn Abbey, Beds.

1912 Brprorp, Gerald, Entomologist to the Union of South Africa,

Veterinary Bacteriological Laboratory, Ondestepoort, Pretoria,

Transvaal.

1913 Brprorp, Capt. Hugh Warren, Church Felles, Horley.

1899 Brpwett, Ernest C., (Councin, 1917- ), Bruggen, Brighton-road,

Coulsdon, Surrey.

1914 Benperirrer, Eugene, 11, Rue St. Jacques, Le Mans, France.

1904 Brnetsson, Simon, Ph.D., Lecturer, University of Lund, Sweden ;

Curator, Entomological Collection Gh tlie University.

1915 Brnuam, Prof, William Blaxland, M.A., D.Se., F.R.S., University

of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.

1906 Brnraut, E. E., The Towers, Heybridge, Essex.

1913 Brst-Garpner, Charles C., Rookwood, Neath, Glamorgan.

1885 Brraune-Baker, George T., F.LS., F.Z.S., (Pres., 1913-14;

V.-Pres., 1910-11, 1915 ; Councrt, 1895, 1910-15), 19, Clarendon-

road, Edgbaston, Birmingham.

1891 Braper, W. H., F.L.S., 34, Cromwell-road, Hove, Brighton.

1904 Brack, James E., F.L.S., Nethercroft, Peebles.

1904 Buratr, Kenneth G., 23, West Hill, Highgate, N. 6.

1885 Buaruwayt, Lt.-Col. Linley, F.L.8., Eagle House, Batheaston,

Bath.

1904 Briss, Maurice Frederick, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., 26 Woodville-

gardens, Ealing, W. 5.

1916 Bocock, Charles Hanslope, The Elins, Ashley, Newmarket.

1912 Bopxrn, G. C., Govt. Entomologist, Georgetown, British Guiana.

1903 Bogus, W. A., The Bank House, Watchet.

1911 Boreav, H., "99, Rue de la Cote St. Thibault, Bois de Colombes,

Seine, France.

1891 Bootu, George A., F.Z.S., M.B.0.U., The Hermitage, Kirkham,

Lanes.

1902 Bostock, E. D,, Oulton Cross, Stone, Staffs.

1913 Bowlers, Canidet William, 20, Russell-roac, disci Birmingham.

1888 Bower, Benjamin A. : Eengien, Willow Grove, Chislehurst.

1894 + BowxsEs, FE. Arigenthy M.A., Myddelton Bouse) Waltham Cross.

1912 ¢ Bowrtne, C. Talbot, Hoihow, Hainan, 8. China.

1916 Box, Leonard Charles, F.R.H.S., Dominion Experimental Station,

Fredericton, New Brunswick.

1910 Boyp, A. Whitworth, The Alton, Altrincham, Cheshire.

1905 Bracken, Charles W., B.A., 5, Carfrae Terrace, Lipson, Plymouth.

( “xi

1917 Breer, Dr. H. G., Ph.D., Director of the Transvaal Museum,

Pretoria, Transvaal, S. Africa.

1904. BripnGemMan, Commander The Hon. Richard O.B., R.N., 44, Lowndes-

square, S.W. 1; and e/o Commander-in-Chief, Cape of Good Hope

Station, c/o G.P.O.

1870 Briacs, Thomas Henry, M.A., Rock House, Lynmouth 8.0.,N. Devon.

1894 Bricut, Percy M., Cheriton, 26, Portchester-road, Bournemouth.

1909 Brirren, Harry, Myrtle View, Windmill-road, Headington, Oxon.

1902. Brovanton, Major T. Delves, R.E., Mhow, India.

1878 Broun, Major Thomas, Chey. Legion of Honour, Mount Albert,

Auchland, New Zealand,

1904 Brown, Henry H., Tower House, 8, Brimtsfield-terrace, Edinburgh.

1910 Browne, Horace B., M.A., Park Hurst, Morley, Yorks.

1911 Brurzer, Rev. Henry W., Great Bowden Vicarage, Market Harboro’.

1909 Bryant, Gilbert E., Fir Grove, Esher, Surrey.

1898 | BucHAN-Herporn, Sir Archibald, Bart., J.P., D.L., Smeuton-

Hepburn, Prestonkirk.

1917. Buckuery, Dr. George Granville, M.D., F.S.A., Rye Croft South,

Manchestler-road, Bury, Lanes.

1916 Buanton, Prof. E., La Luciole, Aix-en-Provence, France.

1907 Buxnurrip, Arthur, F.S.A., Wimboro, Midsomer Norton, Somersetshire.

1896 + Burr, Malcolm, D.Se., F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.G.S., A.R.S.M., (V.-PREs.,

1912 ; Councin, 1908, 4, 1910-12), The Dutch Cottage, Woking.

1909 Burrows, The Rey. C. R. N., The Vicarage, Mucking, Stanford-le-

Hope, Essex.

1868 ButLer, Arthur G., Ph.D., F.L.S., F.Z.S., (Sec. 1875 ; Councin

1876), The Lilies, Beckenham-road, Beekenham.

1883 Burier, Edward Albert, B.A., B.Se., (Councin, 1914-16), 14,

Drylands-road, Hornsey, N. 8.

1902. Burner, William E., Hayling House, Oxford-road, Reading.

1905 BurrerrietD, Jas. A., B.Se., Ormesby, 21, Dorville-road, Lee, 8.E.

1914 + BurreRFIELD, Rosse, Curator, Corporation Museum, Keighley, Yorks.

1912 + Buxton, Patrick Alfred, M.B.O.U., Fairhill, Tonbridge; and 40,

Cadogan Place, London, 5.W.

1904 Byavr, Horace A., B.A., The Palace, Malta.

1917 Cameron, Dr. Alfred E., M.A., D.Se., The Entomological Branch,

Department of Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada.

1902. CameEron, Malcolm, M.B., R.N., 7, Blessington-road, Lee, S.E.

1885 CamppBett, Francis Maule, F.L.S., F.Z.8., ete., Brynllwydiyn,

Machynlleth, Montgomeryshire.

1898 Canpize, Léon, Mont St. Martin 75, Liége.

1880 CanspaLE, W. D., Sunny Bank, South Norwood, 8.E. 25.

1889 Cant, A., 33, Festing-road, Putney, 8.W.; and c/o Fredk. Du Cane

Godman, Esq., F.R.S., 45, Pont-street, S.W. 1.

1910 Cartier, E. Wace, M.D., F.R.S.E., Morningside, Granville-road,

Dorridge, and The University, Birmingham.

1892

1910

1895

1898

1915

1915

1911

1895

1912

1906

1900

( xitie

CARPENTER, The Honble. Mrs. Beatrice, 22, Grosvenor-road, S.W. 1.

CARPENTER, Geoffrey D. H., D.M., B.Ch., Uganda Medical Service,

Uganda Protectorate.

CaRPENTER, Prof. George H., B.A., B.Se., Royal College of Science,

Dublin.

CARPENTER, J. H., Redcot, Belmont-road, Leatherhead.

Carr, Professor John Wesley, M.A., F.L.S., F.G.S., Professor of

Biology, University College, Nottingham.

Carr, William, B.Sc., Station-road, Bentham, Lancaster.

Carson, George Moffatt, Entomologist to the Government of New

Guinea, Port Moresby, Papua, vid Australia.

CarTER, Sir Gilbert, K.C.M.G., Greycliffe, Lower Warberry-road,

Torquay.

Carter, Henry Francis, Assistant Lecturer and Demonstrator in

Medical and Economic Entomology, Liverpool School of Tropical

Medicine, University of Liverpool.

Carter, H. J., B.A., Garrawillah, Kintore-street, Wahroonga,

Sydney, N.S.W.

Carter, J. W., 15, Westfield-road, Heaton, Bradford.

1889 | Cave, Charles J. P., Ditcham Park, Petersfield.

1900

1871

1914

1891

1897

1913

1902

1889

1914

1909

1908

1914

1914

1908

1908

1904

CHAMBERLAIN, Neville, Westbourne, Edgbaston, Birmingham.

CHAMPION, George C., F.Z.S., A.L.S., Liprartan, 1891— (Councit,

1875-7); Heatherside, Horsell, Woking; and 45, Pont-street,S.W. 1.

Cuampion, Harry George, B.A., Assistant Conservator of Forests,

W. Almora, U.P., India.

CHAPMAN, Thomas Algernon, M.D., F.Z.8., Vick-PREsIDENT,

(V.-PrEs., 1900, 1904-5, 1908, 1916; Councit, 1898-1900,

1903-5, 1907-9, 1916-— ), Betula, Reigate.

CHAWNER, Miss Ethel F., Forest Bank, Lyndhurst S.O., Hants.

CHEAVIN, Harold S., F.R.M.S., F.N.P.S., The Glenroy Hotel, 22,

Woburn Place, Russell-square, W.C.

CHEESMAN, E. M.

Curisty, William M., M.A., F.L.S., Watergate, Emsworth.

Curystat, R. Neil, B.Sc., 277, First-avenue, Ottawa, Canada.

Cuark, Major C. Turner, F.Z.S., Hillerest, St. Augustine’s-avenue,

S. Croydon.

Crark, Edgar L., Laureston, Ridge Road, Overport, Durban,

Natal.

Cirarr, lL. D., Dept. of Science and Agriculture, Georgetown,

British Guiana.

CLeGHORN, Miss Maude Lina West, F.L.S., 5, Alipore-road,

Calcutta, India.

CLUTTERBUCK, Charles G., Heathside, 23, Heathville-road, Gloucester.

Ciurrersuck, P. H., Indian Forest Department, Naini Tal, United

Provinces, India.

CockayNnE, Edward A., M.A., M.D., (Councit, 1915— ), 16, Cam-

bridge-square, London, W. 2.

1913

1916

1911

1913

1895

1913

1909

1890

( xiv )

CockKeRELL, Prof. T. D. A., University of Colorado, Colorado, U.S.A.

Cocks, Frederick, 26, Crown-street, Reading.

CoLeMAN, Leslie C., Dept. of Agriculture, Bangalore, Mysore, India.

Contin, James E., F.Z.S., (V.-Pres., 1913; Councin, 1904-6,

1913-15), Sussex Lodge, Newmarket. ;

CoLLINGE, Walter E., D.Sc. (St. And.), M.Se. (Birm.), F.LS.,

Research Fellow of the University of St. Andrews, The Gatty

Marine Laboratory, St. Andrews, Scotland.

Coney, Miss Blanche A., The Poplars, Pucklechurch, Gloucestershire.

Cornrorb, The Rev. Bruce, 18, Havelock-road, Portsmouth.

Corron, Sidney Howard, 1A, Chesterfield-street, Mayfair, W. 1.

Cowarpb, Thomas Alfred, F.Z.8., 36, George-street, Manchester.

CRABTREE, Benjamin Hill, Cringle Lodge, Levenshulme, Manchester.

Crace, Capt. F. W., M.D., I.M.S., c/o Messrs, Cox & Co,, Hornby-

road, Madras, India.

Craw ey, W. C., B.A., (Counctn, 1917— ), 29, Holland Park-road,

W. 4.

CREWE, Sir Vauncey Harpur, Bart., Calke Abbey, Derbyshire.

1880 ¢ Crisp, Sir Frank, LL.B., B.A., J.P.

1907

1908

1968

1901

1900

1907

1886

1911

19123

1905

1912

1910

1903

1898

1912

1913

1917

1875

1887

Crort, Edward Octavius, M.D., 28, Clarendon-road, Leeds.

CuLPin, Millais, M.B., F.R.C.S., Zhe Palace Hotel, Shanghui.

Curtis, W. Parkinson, Aysgarth, Poole, Dorset.

Davp, Edward Martin (Ruhleben Internment Camp).

DateuisH, Andrew Adie, 7, Keir-street, Pollokshields, Glasgov.

Dames, Felix L., 10, Lortzingstrasse, Berlin-Lichterfelde.

Dannatt, Walter, St. Lawrence, Guibal-road, Lee, 8.E.

Davey, H. W., Inspector of Department of Agriculture, Melbourne,

Victoria, Australia.

Davipson, James, M.Sc., Imperial College of Science and Tech-

nology, South Kensington, 5.W.

Davipson, James D., 32, Drumsheugh Gardens, Edinburgh.

Davis, Frederick Lionel, J.P., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Belize, British

Honduras.

Dawson, William George, Manor House, Upper Wick, Worcester.

Day, F. H., 26, Currock-terrace, Carlisle.

Day, G. O., Sahlatston, Duncan’s Station, Vancouver Island, British

Columbia.

Dewirz, Dr. John, Devant-les-Ponts, Metz, Lorraine.

Dickinson, Barnard Ormiston, B.A., Beech Hill, Newport, Salop.

Dickseg, Arthur, 24, Lyford-road, Wandsworth Common, W. 18.

Distant, William Lucas, (V.-PREs., 1881, 1900; Sxc., 1878-

80; CounciL, 1900-2), Glenside, 170, Birchanger-road, South

Norwood, S.E. 25.

Dixey, Frederick Augustus, M.A., M.D., F.R.S., Fellow and Bursar

of Wadham College, (PRus., 1909-10; V.-Prus., 1904-5, 1911;

CouNcIL, 1895, 1904-6), Wadham College, Oxford.

a a ee,

ee

A. eS SE ea

oe

pen

( xv )

1909 + Dogpson, Thomas, 399, Plodder-lane, Farnworth, nr. Bolton.

1905

1912

1906

1903

1906

1891

1913

1910

1884

1900

1894

1913

1906

1883

1910

1912

1865

1902

1911

1886

1884

1913

1916

1900

1900

1903

1878

Dopp, Frederick P., Kuranda, vid Cairns, Queensland.

Dore, Capt. Kenneth Alan Crawford, R.A.M.C., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P.,

c/o Messrs. Holt & Co., 3, Whitehall-place, London, 5.W. 1.

Douitman, Hereward, Hove House, Newton-grove, Bedford-park, W. 4.

Douimay, J. C., Hove House, Newton-grove, Bedford-park, W. 4.

Doncaster, Leonard, M.A., The University Musewm of Zoology,

Cambridge.

DonistHoRPE, Horace St. John K., F.Z.S., (V.-PRes., 1911;

CounciL, 1899-1901, 1910-12), Dirandesthorpe, 19, Hazlewwell-

road, Putney, S.W. 15.

Dow, Walter James, 5, Great College-street, Westminster, S.W. 1.

Downes-SHaw, Rev. Archibald, Scotton Rectory, Gainsborough.

Druce, Hamilton H. C. J., F.Z.S., (CounciL, 1903-5), Trefusis

Lodge, 3, Norfolk-road, N.W. 8.

Drury, W. D., Clarendon, Lalon-road, Hastings.

Dupceon, G. C., Director General of the Dept. of Agriculture,

Meadi, Cairo.

DUFFIELD, Charles Alban William, Stowting Rectory, Hythe, and

Wye College, Kent.

DUKINFIELD Jones, E., Castro, Reigute.

Durrant, John Hartley, (V.-PREs., 1912-13 ; Councin, 1911-13),

Merton, 17, Burstock-road, Putney, 8.W. 15; and British Musewn

(Natural History), Cromavell-road, South Kensington, S.W. 7.

Eaes-Wuire, J. Cushny, 47, Chester-terrace, Euton-square, S.W. 1.

Ear, Herbert L., M.A., 12, Avondale-road North, Southport, Lanes.

Karon, The Rev. Alfred Edwin, M.A., (Councin, 1877-9), Rich-

mond Villa, Northam S.0., N. Devon.

Epexsten, Hubert M., The Elins, Forty Hill, Enfield, Middlesex.

Epwarps, F. W., Kingswear, Cornwall-road, Harrow.

Epwarps, James, Colesborne, Cheltenham.

Epwarps, Stanley, F.L.8., I.Z.S., (Councin, 1912-14), 15, St.

Germans-place, Blackheath, 5.E. 3.

Epwarps, William H., Natural History Dept., The Museum,

Birmingham.

EFFALATOUN, Hassan, Chowbrah-avenue, Cairo, Egypt, and S.B.

Agricultural College, Wye, Kent.

Enwiort, E. A., 16, Belsize Grove, Hampstead, N.W.

Exuis, H. Willoughby, F.Z.S. (Councin, 1916— ), 3, Lancaster-

place, Belsize Park, N.W. 3.

ELtHinNGHAM, Harry, M.A., D.Sc., F.Z.S.,. (V.-Pres., 1914;

CouncitL, 1913-15), Woodhouse, Stroud, Gloucestershire ; and Hope

Department, University Museum, Oxford.

Ewes, Henry John, J.P., F.R.S., F.LS., F.Z.S., (PREs., 1893-4 ;

V.-PreEs., 1889-90, 1892, 1895 ; CouncrL, 1888-90), Colesborne,

Cheltenham,

1914

1908

1908

1909

1917

1907

1900

1861

1910

1889

1900

1900

1898

1883

1905

1885

1914

1913

1900

1898

1880

1908

1896

1888

1910

1908

1891

-

( [eee

Emmett, Capt. Charles P.,1, High Cliff Villa, Feliastowe.

ErxHeripGE, Robert, Curator, Australian Museum, Sydney, N.S.W.

Eustace, Eustace Mallabone, M.A., Wellington College, Berks.

Evans, Frank J., Superintendent of Agriculture, Calabar, Eastern

Province, S. Nigeria.

FarquHaArson, Charles Ogilvie, M.A., B.Sc., Government Agri-

cultural Department, Moor Plantation, Ibadan, Nigeria.

FratHer, Walter, Kibwezi, British East Africa.

Fectaam, H. L. L., Mercantile Buildings, Swmmonds-street,

Johannesburg, Transvaal.

Fenn, Charles, Eversden House, Burnt Ash Hill, Lee, S.E. 12.

Fenygs, A., M.D., 170, North Grange Grove-Avenue, Pasadena,

California, U.S.A.

Frryawp, Prof.C. H., c/o H.T. Fernald, Esq., Amherst, Mass., U.S.A.

Fira, J. Digby, F.L.S., Boys’ Modern School, Leeds.

FiemynG, The Rev. Canon W. Westropp, M.A., Coolfin, Portlaw, co.

Waterford.

Fiercuer, I’. Bainbrigge, R.N., Agricultural Research Institute,

Pusa, Bihar, India.

} Frercuer, William Holland B., M.A., Aldwick Manor, Bognor.

FLoERsHEIM, Cecil, 16, Kensington Court Mansions, S.W.

Fokker, A. J. F., Zierikzee, Zeeland, Netherlands.

ForpuHaAM, William John, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., The Villa, Bublwith,

Selby, Yorks.

Foster, Arthur H., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P.(Eng.), M.B.0.U., Sussex

House, Hitchin, Herts.

Founkes, P. Hedworth, B.Se., Harper-Adams Agricullural College,

Newport, Salop.

FountaIne, Miss Margaret, 1727, Wilcox-avenue, Los Angeles,

California, U.S.A.

Fow.er, The Rey. Canon, D.Sc., M.A., F.L.S., (Pres., 1901-2 ;

V.-Pres., 1903 ; Suc., 1886-96), Harley Vicarage, near Reading.

Fraser, Frederick C., Capt., M.D., I.MLS., c/o The Ent. Soc. of

London.

FREKE, Perey Evans, Southpoint, Limes-road, Folkestone.

Fremury, H. Stuart, M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Markwith, Nether-street,

North Finchley.

Frispy, G. E., 31, Darnley-roud, Gravesend,

Froccarr, Walter W., F.L.S., Government Entomologist, 138, George-

street, Sydney, New South Wales.

Fronawk, F. W., Stanley House, Park-road, Wallington, Surrey.

1906 + Fry, Harold Armstrong, P.O. Box 46, Johannesburg, Transvaal

1900

1907

Colony.

Fryer, H. Fortescue, The Priory, Chatteris, Cambs.

Fryer, John Claud Fortescue, M.A., (Councit, 1916- ), Board

of Agriculture and Fisheries, Northumberland-avenue, W.C, 2.

OO —

(° xvi)

1876 Futuer, The Revs Alfred, M.A., The Lodge, 7, Sydenham-hill,

Sydenham, S.E. 26.

1898 FuLier, Claude, Government Entomologist, Pietermaritzburg, Natal.

1887 GAHAN, Charles Joseph, M.A., D.Sc., PRESIDENT, (V.-PREs., 1916 ;

Sxc., 1899-1900 ; Councin, 1893-5, 1901, 1914— ), 8, Lonsdale-

road, Bedford Park, W. 4; and British Museum (Natural

History), Cromwell-road, 8.W. 7.

1890 GARDNER, John, Lawrel Lodge, Hart, West Hartlepool.

1901 ¢ GarpNER, Willoughby, F.L.8., F.S.A., Deganwy, N. Wales.

1913 DE Gayg, J. A., King’s College, Lagos, S. Nigeria.

1899 GeLpART, William Martin, M.A., 10, Chadlington-road, Oxford.

1913 GisB, Lachlan, 38, Blackheath Park, Blackheath, S.E. 3.

1906*}GisBs, Arthur Ernest, F.L.S., F.Z.S., (Councrt, 1912-14, 1917),

Houndspath, Upper Marlborough-road, St. Albans.

1915 Gipson, Arthur, Entomological Branch, Dept. of Agriculture,

Ottawa, Canada.

1908 GrrraRD, Walter M., P.O. Box 308, Honolulu, Hawaii.

1907 GiuEs, Henry Murray, Head Keeper of Zoological Gardens, South

Perth, W. Australia.

1904 Ginuiat, Francis, B.A., Windham Club, St. James’s-square,

Piccadilly, S.W. 1.

1914 Goprrry, E. J., Education Dept., Bangkok, Siam.

1865 | Gopman, Frederick Du Cane, D.C.L., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S.,(PREs.,

1891-2; V.-Pres., 1882-3, 1886, 1889-90, 1902; Councin, 1880-

1, 1900), South Lodge, Lower Beeding, Horsham; and 45, Pont-

street, S.W.

1886*}+GoopRicH, Capt. A. Mainwaring, Brislington House, nr. Bristol.

1904 Goopwin, Edward, Canon Court, Wateringbury, Kent.

1898 Gorpon, J.G. McH., Corsemalzie, Whauphill S.O., Wigtownshire.

1898 Gorpon, R. 8. G. McH., Drumblair, Inverness.

1855 Goruam, The Rev. Henry Stephen, F.Z.S., (Councrt, 1882-3), High-

croft, Great Malvern.

1913 Govan, Lewis, Ph.D., Entomologist to the Govt. of Egypt, Dept. of

Agriculture, Cairo.

1909 Gowpry, Carlton C.," B.Se., Biological Laboratory, P.O. Box. 5,

Kampala, Uganda, E. Africa.

1914 Gravecey, F. H., The Indian Musewm, Culeutta.

1911 Graves, Capt. P. P., Turf Club, Cairo, Egypt.

1891 + Green, E. Ernest, F.Z.S., (V.-PRes., 1915; Counc, 1914-16),

Way's End, Beech avenue, Camberley.

1910 GREEN, Herbert A., The Central Fire Station, Durban, Natal.

1894 GREEN, J. F., F.Z.8., 49, Victoria-road, Kensington, W. 8.

1893 + GREENWOOD, Henry Powys, F.L.8., Whitsbury House, Salisbury.

1888 GrirritHs, G. C., F.Z.S., Penhurst, 3, Leigh-road, Clifton, Bristol.

1894 GriIMsHAW, Percy H., Royal Scottish Museum, Edinburgh.

1905 Grist, Charles J., The Croft, Carol Green, Berkswill, Coventry.

1906 Gurney, Gerard H., Keswick Hall, Norwich.

b

1910

1912

1906

( xv )

Gurney, William B., Asst. Govt. Entomologist, Department of

Agriculture, Sydney, Australia.

Hacker, Henry, Butterfield-street, Bowen Bridge-road, Brishane,

Queensland,

Haut, Arthur, 7, Park-lane-mansions, Croydon.

1890 + Hatt, Albert Ernest, c/o City Librarian, Surrey-street, Sheffield.

1885

1912

1898

1915

1891

1891

Hatt, Thomas William, Stanhope, The Crescent, Croydon.

Hauierr, Howard Mountjoy, 64, Westbowrne-road, Penarth,

Glamorganshire.

Hamuyn-Harnis, R., D.Se., F.L.S., F.Z.S., F.R.M.S., Director of the

Queensland Museum, St. Ronans, Wilston, Brisbane, Australia.

Hamm, Albert Harry, 22, Southfield-road, Oxford.

Hampson, Sir George Francis, Bart., B.A., F.Z.S., (V.-PREs., 1898 ;

CouNcIL, 1896-8), 62, Stanhope-gardens, S.W. 7.

Hanbury, Frederick J., F.L.S., Brockhurst, EB. Grinstead.

1905 | Hancock, Joseph L., 5454, University-avenue, Chicago, U.S.A.

1916

1917

1903

1904

1910

1910

HANNyNGTON, Frank, c/o Messrs. Parry & Co., Madras, India.

Harpine, William G., Ascham, St. Vincent’s Meads, Eastbourne.

Har, E. J., 4, New-square, Lincoln's Inn, W.C. 2.

Harris, Edward, 50, Wilson-street, Finsbury, B.C.

Harwoop, Philip Bernard, 2, Fern Villas, Melford-road, Sudbury.

HawksHaw, J. C.

1913 + HAwKsHAw, Oliver, 3, Hill-street, Mayfair, W. 1.

1910

1910

1898

1903

1908

1913

1913

Hences, Alfred van der, Stoke House, Stoke Mandeville, Bucks.

HENDERSON, J., c/o Messrs. Osborne & Chappel, Ipoh, Perak,

Federated Malay States.

Hero, Francis A., B.A., 9, Park House, Highbury Park, N. 5.

Herrop-Hempsat, William, W.B.C. Apiary, Old Bedford-road,

Luton, Beds.

Hewitt, C. Gordon, D.Se., Dominion Entomologist, Dept. of

Agriculture, Ottawa, Canada.

Hewitt, John, B.A., Director, Albany Museum, Grahamstown,

S. Africa.

Hitt, Gerald F., Govt. Entomologist, Port Darwin, Northern

Territory, South Australia.

1876 | HittMan, Thomas Stanton, Hastgate-street, Lewes.

1907

1917

1914

1912

18838

1902

1910

Hoar, Thomas Frank Partridge, Mercia, Albany-road, Leighton

Buzzard.

Hockin, John W., Castle-street, Launceston.

Honan, The Rev. Prebendary Edward Grose, The Vicarage, Pad-

dington, W. 2.

Hopar, Harold, St. James’ Mansions, 54, Piccadilly, W.

Hopson, The Rev. J. H., B.A., B.D., Rhyddington, Clifton Drive,

Lytham.

Hots, R. §., e/o Messrs. King and Co., Bombay.

Hoxrorp, H., O., Elstead Lodge, Godalming, Surrey.

(mix )

1887 Hontanp, The Rev. W. J., D.D., Ph.D., Carnegie Musewm,

Pittsburgh, Penn., U.S.A.

1898 Hoxtman-Hunt, C. B., Asst. Entomologist, Department of Agri-

culture, Kuala Lumpur, Federated Malay States.

1910 Homes, Edward Morrell, Ruthven, Sevenoaks.

1901 Hopson, Montagu F.,L.D.S.,R.C.S.Eng., F.L.8.,7, Harley- street, W. 1.

1897 Horne, Arthur, Bonn-na-coile, Murtle, Aberdeenshire.

1903 Hovuaurton, J. T., 1, Portland-place, Worksop.

1907 | Howarp, C. W., Canton Christian College, Canton, China.

1900 Howes, W. George, 432, George-street, Dunedin, New Zealand.

1907 How.ert, Frank M., M.A., Wymondham, Norfolk.

1865 | Hupp, A. E., 108, Pembroke-road, Clifton, Bristol.

1888 Hupson, George Vernon, Hill View, Karori, Wellington, New

Zealand,

1907 Huaues, C. N., 178, Clarence Gate-gardens, Regent’s Park, N.W.1.

1912 Hue, Miss Lily, Hollywood, Colinton-road, Edinburgh.

1917 Ilunrer, David, M.A., M.B., The Coppice, Nottingham.

1897 Inmace, Prof. Selwyn, M.A., (CounciL, 1909-11), 78, Parkhurst-road,

Camden-road, N. 7.

19127 Imus, A. D., D.Sc., B.A., F.L.S., Entomological Dept., The Uni-

versity, Manchester.

1908 Irsy, Col. Leonard Paul, Evington-place, Ashford, Kent.

1907 Jack, Rupert Wellstood, Government Entomologist, Department

of Agriculture, Salisbury, Rhodesia.

1917 Jackson, Miss Dorothy J., Swordale, Evanton, Ross-shire.

1907 Jackson, P. H., 112, Balham-park-road, 8.W. 12.

1907 Jacost, Professor A., Ph.D., Director of the -R. Zoological and

Anthrop.-Ethnographical Museum, Dresden, Saxony.

1911 Jacoss, Capt. J. J., R.E., 15, Paget-street, Gillingham, Kent.

1910 Jacoss, Lionel L., c/o Algoma Steel Corporation, Sawlt Ste. Marie,

Ontario, Canada.

1914 * Jannines, Rev. Frederic 8. F.,. Warmsworth Rectory, Doncaster.

1914 Janse, A. J. T., 1st-street, Gezina, Pretoria, S. Africa.

1869 JANsoN, Oliver E., 44, Great Russell-street, Bloomsbury, W.C. 1. ;

— and Cestria, Clarenont-road, Highgate, N. 6.

1898 Janson, Oliver J., Cestria, Claremont-road, Highgate, N. 6.

1912 JARDINE, Nigel K., Summerhill House, Willeshorough, nr. Ashford,

Kent.

1912 Jemmert, C., Withersdane House, Wye, Kent.

1886 JENNER, Tyrade Herbert Augustus, Hast Gate House, ae.

1899 Junwines, F. B., 152, Silver-street, Upper Edmonton, N. 18.

1909. Jepson, Frank P., Department of Agriculture, Suva, Fiji Islands.

1917 Jermyn, Col. Turenne, Highcliffe, Weston-super-Mare.

1886 Joun, Evan, Llantrisant S.0., Glamorganshire.

1907 Jounson, Charles Fielding, West Bank, Didsbwry-road. Heaton

Mersey.

o

(ax)

1917 JoHnson, Jesse, 16 and 17, Marston-road, Stafford.

1889 JoHnson, The Rev. W. F., M.A., Acton Rectory, Poyntz Pass,

co. Armagh.

1908 Jorcry, James J., The Hill, Witley, Surrey.

1888 Jones, Albert H., TREASURER, 1904- , (V.-PREs., 1912, Counctrn,

1898-1900), Shrublands, Eltham, S.E.

1894+ Jorpan, Dr. K., (V.-PREs., 1909; Councim, 1909-11), The

Museum, Tring.

1910 Josrrn, E, G., 23, Clanricarde-qardens, W. 2.

1910 Joy, Ernest Cooper, Eversley, Dale-road, Purley.

1902 Joy, Norman H., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Theale, Berks.

1913 Junxk, Wilhelm, 68, Sachsische-strasse, Berlin, W. 15.

1876 + Kay, John Dunning, Leeds.

1896 + Kayr, William James, (Councin, 1906-8), Caracas, Ditton Hill,

Surbiton.

1907 Kertiy, Albert Ernest McClure, Division of Entomology, Department

of Agriculture, Pretoria, S. Africa.

1890 Kenrick, Sir George H., Whetstone, Somerset-road, Edgbaston,

Birmingham.

1904 KersuHaw, G. Bertram, Ingleside, West Wickham, Kent.

1906 Keynes, John Neville, M.A., D.Sc., 6, Harvey-road, Cambridge.

1900 Krys, James H., 7, Whimple-street, Plymouth.

1911 Kuunan, Kunui, M.A., Asst. Entomologist to the Govt. of Mysore,

Bangalore, South India.

1912 Kine, Harold H., Govt. Entomologist, Gordon College, Khartoum,

Sudan.

1889 Kune, Prof. James J. F.-X., 1, Athole Gardens-terrace, Kelvinside,

Glasgow.

1913. Kirsy, W. Egmont, M.D., Hilden, 46, Sutton Court-road, Chiswick,

W. 4.

1917 KirKxparrick, Thos. W., The Deanery, Ely, and Room 270, War

Office, Whitehall, S.W.

1889 KLAPALEK, Professor Franz, Karlin 263, Prague, Bohemia.

1887 | Kier, Sydney T., F.LS., F.R.AS., Hatherlow, Raglan-road,

Reigate.

1917 Kusnezoy, Nicholas J., The Imperial Academy of Sciences,

Petrograd.

1916 Laine, Frederick, Natural History Museum, Cromwell-road, S.W. 7.

1910 Lakin, C. Ernest, M.D., F.R.C.S., 2, Park-crescent, Portland-

place, W. 1.

1911 | LamBorn, W. A., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Zomba, Nyasaland, E. Africa.

1917 Lanauam, Sir Charles, Bart., Z’empo Manor, Co. Fermanagh.

1916 Larva, Prof. Robert, D.Phil., University of Glasgow.

1912 Larour, Cyril Engelhart, Port of Spain, Trinidad, British West

Indies.

1895 Larrer, Oswald H., M.A., Charterhouse, Godalming.

(sat)

1899 Lea, Arthur M., Government Entomologist, Museum, Adelaide,

S. Australia.

1914 LxercuMan, Alleyne, M.A., F.L.S., F.C.S., Corpus Christi College,

Oxford; and St. Hubert’s, Main-street, Georgetown, British

Guiana.

1910 Leiau, H.8., The University, Manchester.

1900 LrtcH-Puiniirs, Rev. W. J., Burtle Vicarage, Bridgwater.

1903 ¢ Levert, The Rev. Thomas Prinsep, Frenchgate, Richmond, Yorks.

1876 Lewis, George, F.L.S., (Counct, 1878, 1884), 30, Shorneliffe-road,

Folkestone.

1908 + Lewis, John Spedan, Grove Farm, Greenford Green, South Harrow ;

and 277, Oxford-street, W.

1892 Liagatroor, R. M., South African Museum, Cape Town, Cape of

tood Hope.

1914 Lister, J. J., St. John’s College, Cambridge; and Merton House,

Grantchester, Cambs.

1903 Lirrner, Frank M., Bow 114, P.O., Launceston, Tasmania.

1865 | Lurwetyy, Sir John Talbot Dillwyn, Bart., M.A., F.LS.,

Peullergare, Swansea,

1881 + Luoyp, Alfred, F.C.S., Zhe Dome, Bognor.

1885 + Luoyp, Robert Wylie, (Councm, 1900-1), I, 5 and 6, Albany,

Piccadilly, W. 1.

1903 Lorrnouse, Thomas Ashton, The Croft, Linthorpe, Middlesbrough.

1908 Lonaspon, D., The Flower House, Southend, Catford, 8.E. 6.

1904} Lonestarr, George Blundell, M.A., M.D., VicE-PRESIDENT,

(V.-Pres., 1909, 1915; CounciL, 1907-9, 1915- ), Highlands,

Putney Heath, S.W. 15.

1899 Lounspury, Charles P., B.Sc., Government Entomologist, Box 513,

Pretoria, S. Africa.

1894 Lowe, The Rev. Frank E., M.A., St. Stephen’s Vicarage, Guernsey.

1893 Lower, Oswald B., Pinurro, South Australia.

1901 Lower, Rupert S., Davonport-terrace, Wayville, South Australia.

1909 * Lucas, Dr. T. P., Wakefield-buildings, Adelaide-street, Brisbane,

Australia.

1898 Lucas, William John, B.A., (CounctL, 1904-6), 28, Knight's Park,

Kingston-on- Thames.

1903 LyExt, G., Gisborne, Victoria, Australia.

1912 Lyne, George Trevor, Mayfield, Linsfield-road, Cambridge.

1909 Lyon, Francis Hamilton, 89, Clarence Gate-gardens, Upper Baker-

street, N.W. 1.

1887 M‘DouGaut, James Thomas, St. Lawrence, Isle of Wight.

1910 Macpovueatt, R. Stewart, M.A., D.Sc., F.R.S.E., Edinburgh Uni-

versity.

1900 Macxwoop, The Hon. F. M., M.L.C., Colombo, Ceylon.

1899 + Mary, Hugh, B.Se., (Councrm, 1908-10), Almondale, Buckingham-

road, South Woodford, N.E.

all

(i xm)

1914 Mattock, J. Russell, State Entomologist’s Office, Urbana, Illinois,

U.S.A.

1905 Matty, Charles Wm., M.Sc., Dept. of Agriculture, Cape Town,

S. Africa.

1892. MansprinGk, William, 4, Norwich-road, Wavertrec, Liverpool.

1894 | MarsHatt, Alick.

1895 Marsa, Guy Anstruther Knox, D.Se., F.Z.S., (Councir, 1907-8),

6, Chester-place, Hyde Park-square, W. 2.

1896 Marswatt, P., M.A., B.Sc. F.G.S., University School of Mines,

Dunedin, New Zealand.

1856* + MarsHatt, William, V.M.H., F.R.H.S., Auchinraith, Bexley S.O.,

Kent.

1897 Martineau, Alfred H., 15, Avonmore-road, W. 14,

1916*} Mason, C. W., St. Denis, Shaftesbury, Dorset.

1895 Massey, Herbert, Ivy-Lea, Burnage, Didsbury, Alanchester.

1865 Maruew, Gervase F., F.L.S., Paymaster-in-chief, R.N., (CouNcIL,

1887), Lee House, Dovercourt, Harwich,

1887 MarrHews, Coryndon, Stentaway, Plymstock, S. Devon.

1912 Mauttk, Samarenda, 211, Piccadilly, W.

1900 Maxwe.i-Lerroy, H., Imperial College of Science and Technology,

South Kensington, S.W.

1916 May, Harry Haden, Blackfriars House, Plymouth.

1913 Mrapen, Louis, Melbourne, Dyke-road, Preston, Brighton.

1885 Metvitt, James Cosmo, M.A., F.L.8., Meole Brace Hall, Shrews-

bury.

1907 Metvitie, Mrs. Catharine Maria, Redvers, Essa-road, Saltash.

1914 Menon, J. R., B.A., Trichur, Cochin State, S. India.

1887 MERRIFIELD Frederic, (PreEs., 1905-6 ; V.-PREs., 1893, 1907 ; SEc.,

1897-8 ; CouncIL, 1894, 1899), 14, Clifton-terrace, Brighton.

1912 Mercatre, Rev. J. W., The Vicarage, Ottery St. Mary, Devon.

1880 Meyrick, Edward, B.A., *.R.S., F.Z.S., Thornhanger, Marlborough.

1883 Mines, W. H., c/o E. Step, Esq., 158, Dora-road, Wimbledon Park,

S.W. 19.

1913 Mixurr, F. V. Bruce, Livingston, N. Rhodesia, Africa.

1905 Murrorp, Robert Sidney, C.B., Thornlea, Weybridge. '

1914 Miyaxkk, Dr. Tsunekata, The Agricultural College, Tokyo Imperial

University, Komaba, Tokyo, Japan.

1879 Mownreiro, Dr. Antonio Augusto de Carvalho, 70, Rua do Alecrinar,

Lisbon.

1902 Monrcomery, Arthur Meadows, 34, Shalimar Gardens, Pembridge-

road, North Acton, W. 11.

1899 Moore, Harry, 12, Lower-road, Rotherhithe.

1916 Moore, Ralph Headley, B.A., Heathfield, Plymstock, Devon.

1886 Morean, A. C. F., F.L.S., 135, Oakwood-court, Kensington, W. 14.

1889 t Moricr, The Rey. F. D., M.A., Fellow of Queen’s College, Oxford

(PRES., 1911, 1912, V.-PREs., 1902, 1904, 1913; CounciL, 1902-4),

Brunswick, Mount Hermon, Woking.

( “sxni}

1895 + Mortey, Claude, F.Z.S., Monk Soham House, Suffolk.

1907 Mortimer, Charles H., Royton Chase, Byfleet, Surrey.

1893 Morron, Kenneth J., 13, Blackford-road, Edinburgh.

1910 Mosety, Martin E., 21, Alewandra-court, Queen’s-qate, S.W. 7

1900 Moser, Julius, 59, Bulow-strasse, Berlin.

1882 Mostey, 8. L., The Museum and Technical College, Huddersfield

1911 Moss, Rev..A. Miles, Helm, Windermere.

1907 + Moutron, Capt. John C., M.A., F.Z.S., 4th Wiltshire Regt., Fort

Canning, Singapore, and The Hall, Bradford-on- Avon.

1911 Movnsery, J. Jackson, 24, Glencairn-crescent, Edinburgh.

1901 + Murr, Frederick, H.S.P.A. Experiment Station, Honolulu, Oahu,

TP.

1912 + Muay, Jal Phirozshah, M.A., F.LS., F.Z.S., Professor of Biology,

St. Xavier’s College, Lamington-road, Grant Road Post, Bombay,

India.

1869 | Méuuer, Albert, F.R.G.S., (CouncrL, 1872-3), c/o Herr A. Miiller-

Mechel, Grenzacherstrasse 60, Basle, Switzerland.

1914 Murray, George H., Government Station, Kikori, Detta Division

Papua.

1917 MuscHamp, Perey A. H., Charterhouse School, Godalming.

1909 Musxam, John F., 48, Brook-street, Selby, Yorks.

1903 Neave, 8S. A., M.A., B.Sc., F.Z.S., (Councin, 1916— ), 24, de Vere-

gardens, Kensington, W. 8.

1901 Nevinson, E. B., Morland, Cobham, Surrey.

1907 Newman, Leonard Woods, Bexley, Kent.

1913 Newman, Leslie John William, Bernard-street, Claremont,

W. Australia.

1909 NewsrxaD, Alfred, The Grosvenor Museum, Chester.

1890 NewsteaD, Robert, M.Sc., A.L.S., Hon. F.R.H.S., Dutton Memorial

Professor of Entomology, The School of Tropical Medicine, Univer-

sity of Liverpool.

1914 NicHoson; Charles, 35, The Avenue, Hale-end, Chingford, E. 4.

1909 NicHonson, Gilbert W., M.A., M.D., (Councrn, 1913-15), Oxford

and Cambridge Club, Pall Mall, 8.W. 1.

1906 Nix, John Ashburner, Tilgate, Crawley, Sussex.

1916 Nontra, Akio, T'chijoji, Otugigun, Kyoto, Japan.

1914 Norris, Frederic de la Mare, The Agricultwral Department, Kuala

Lumpur, Federated Malay States.

1915 Norracore, Dr. A. B., Blenheim House, Monkgate, York.

1878 Norrimer, Thomas, Ashford, Kent.

1895 Nurse, Lt.-Colonel C. G., Timworth Hall, Bury St. Edmunds.

1877 OpBertaiir, René, Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine), France.

1893 ¢ OaLE, Bertram §., Steeple Aston, Oxfordshire.

1910 Oxpaxker, Francis A., M.A., The Red House, Haslemere.

1913 Ormiston, Walter, Kalupahani, Haldummulle, Ceylon.

al

( =i 9

1895 Paar, Herbert E., Bertrose, Gellatly-road, St. Catherine’s Park,

S.E. 15.

1916 Patmer, Arthur Raymond, Ingleholme, Norton Way, Letchworth,

Herts.

1912. Parerson, Edward J., Fairholme, Crowborough.

1911 Pearson, Douglas, Chilwell House, Chilvell, Notts.

1916 Presies, Howard M., 13, Chesham-street, S.W. 1.

1915 Perrier, Major Harry Diamond, I.M.S., c/o Alliance Bank of Sind,

Peshawar, India.

1914. PrnpLeBURY, Major Wm. J. von Monté, Broadlands, Shrewsbury,

and Keble College, Oxford.

1883 PséRiINGUEY, Louis, D.Sc., F.Z.S., Director, South African Museum,

Cape Town, South Africa.

1903 + Perkins, R. C. L., M.A., D.S¢., F.Z.S., Park Hill House, Paignton,

Devon; and Board of Agriculture, Division of Entomology,

Honolulu, Hawaii.

1879 Perkins, Vincent Robert, Wotton-under-Edge.

1907 + Perrins, J. A. D., 3rd Seaforth Highlanders, Davenham, Malvern.

1897 Puitiirs, Capt. Hubert C., M.R.C.S., L.S.A., 37, Princes-square,

Bayswater, W, 2.

1903 ¢ PHitiirs, Montagu A., F.R.G.S., F.Z.8., Devonshire House Prepara-

tory School, Reigate.

1917 Prckarp-CamprinGE, Arthur D., M.A., Balliol College, Oxford.

1891 Pierce, Frank Nelson, 1, The Elms, Dingle, Liverpool.

1903 PincuErR, Colonel Jesse George, I.M.S., F.R.C.S., 133, G'loucester-

road, Kensington, S.W. 7.

1913 Prarr, Ernest Edward, 403, Essenwood-road, Durban, Natal.

1885 Pout, J. R. H. Neerwort van der, Driebergen, Netherlands.

1870 f Porritt, Geo, T., F.L.S., (CounciL, 1887), Elm Lea, Dalton,

Huddersyield.

1884 + Poutron, Professor Edward B., D.Sc., M.A., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.G.S.,

F.Z.8., Hope Professor of Zoology in the University of Oxford,

(PrEs., 1903-4; V.-PReEs., 1894-5, 1902, 1905 ; CouNcIL, 1886-8,

1892, 1896, 1905-7), Wykeham House, Banbury-road, Oxford.

1905 Powe tt, Harold, 7, Rue Mireille, Hyéres (Var), France.

1908 Prarr, William B., 10, Lion Gate Gardens, Richmond, Surrey.

1878 Pricer, David, 48, West-street, Horsham.

1908 Pripraux, Robert M., (Councit, 1917— ), Woodlands, Brasted

Chart, Sevenoaks.

1904 Priske, Richard A, R., 9, Melbourne Avenue, West Ealing.

1893 Provur, Louis Beethoven, (CounciL, 1905-7), 84, Albert-road,

Dalston, E. 8.

1910 Punnett, Professor Reginald Crundall, M.A., Caius College,

Cambridge.

1900 Rarnsow, William J., The Australian Musewm, Sydney, N.S.W.

1912 Rair-Smitx, W., Hollybrook, Rose Heyworth-road, Abertillery,

Monmouthshire.

1915

1916

1907

1898

1910

1912

1908

1917

1905

1904

C aie 3

Rao, H. Ananthaswamy, Curator of the Goverwment Museum,

Bangalore, India.

Rao, Yelseti Ramachandra, M.A., Asst. Govt. Entomologist,

Agricultural College, Coimbatore, India.

Raywarp, Arthur Leslie, 91 and 93, Southwark-street, S.E. 1.

Reuter, Professor Enzio, Helsingfors, Finland.

DE Ruf-Puiniper, G. W. V., Chief Examiner of Accounts, North-

Western Ry., Abbott-road, Lahore, India.

Riney, Norman Denbigh, 94, Drakefield-road, Upper Tooting,

S.W.17.; and British Musewn (Natural History), S. Kensington,

mW. F<

Rippon, Claude, M.A., 28, Walton-street, Oxford.

Roperts, A. W. Rymer, M.A., Rothamsted Experimental Station,

Harpenden.

Rosrnson, Herbert C., Curator of State Museum, Kuala Lumpur,

Selangor.

Ropiyson, Lady, Worksop Manor, Notts.

1869 | Ropryson-Doveras, William Douglas, M.A., F.LS., F.R.G.S.,

1908

1912

1907

1868

Orchardton, Castle Douglas.

Rogers, The Rey. K. St. Aubyn, M.A., Church Missionary Society,

Mombasa, British Hast Africa.

RosEn, Kurt, Baron, Zoologische Staatssammlung, Mumich.

RosensBerea, W. F. H., 57, Haverstock-hill, N.W. 3.

Roruney, George Alexander James, Pembury, Tudor-road, Upper

Norwood, S.E.

1888 | Roruscuip, The Right Honble. Lord, D.Sc., F.R.S., F.LS., F.Z.8.,

(Councin, 1900), Zoological Museum, Tring.

1894 + Roruscaitp, The Honble. Nathaniel Charles, M.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S.,

1890

1913

1887

1916

1892

1905

1906

1910

1901

1907

1912

VicE-PRESIDENT, (PRES., 1915-16; V.-PReEs., 1914; CoUuNcIL,

1904, 1913— ), Arwndel-house, Kensington Palace Gardens, W. 8.

Rovut.epeER, G. B., Tarn Lodge, Heads Nook, Carlisle.

Rowpen, Alfred Oliver, 3, Archibald-road, Exeter.

Row.anp-Brown, Henry, M.A., (V.-PRes., 1908, 1910; Ssc.,

1900-10 ; CounctL, 1914-16), Oxhey-grove, Harrow Weald.

Rupcg, Charles Henry.

RussE.1, 8. G. C., Monk’s Wood, Heatherside, Park-road, Woking.

Sr. Quintin, W. H., Scampton Hall, Rillington, York.

Sampson, Colonel F. Winn, Commandant Prisoners of War (Officers)

Camp, Dyffryn Aled, Llansannan, Abergele, N. Wales, and

115, Tannsfield-road, Sydenham.

Saunpers, H. A., Brookfield-house, Swanage.

Scuaus, W., F.Z.S., U.S. National Museum, Washington, D.C., U.S.A.

ScoMassMANN, W., Bewlah Lodge, London-rcad, Enfield, N.

Scuunok, Charles A., Hwelme, Wallingford.

1881 * Scotrick, A. J., Eimswood, 8, Malden-road, New Malden.

19t1

Scorer, Alfred George, Hill Crest, Chilworth, Guildford.

1911 +

1862

1902

1915

1886

1905

nal =x 3

Scorr, Hugh, M.A., F.L.S., Curator in Entomology, University

Museum of Zoology, Cambridge.

Scorr, Perey William Affleck, Chinese Imperial Customs Service,

Hangchow, China.

Serrz, Dr. Adalbert, 59, Bismarckstrasse, Darmstadt, Germany.

Setous, Cuthbert F., M.D., M.R.C.S., L.R.C.P., Sleaford, Penn

Hill, Parkstone, Dorset.

SENNErT, Noel Stanton, 24, de Vere-gardens, Kensington, W. 8.

SHarp, David, M.A., M.B., F.R.S., F.L.S., F.Z.S., (Pres., 1887-8 ;

V.-PREs., 1889, 1891-2, 1896, 1902-3; Sec., 1867; CouNnctn,

1893-5, 1902-4), Lawnside, Brockenhurst, Hants.

Suarp, W. E., (Councrm, 1912-13), The Bungalow, Crowthorne,

Berks.

SHaw, Dr. A. Eland, c/o R. Kelly, Esq., Solicitor, 59, Swaunston-

street, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

SHaw, George T. (Librarian of the Liverpool Free Public Library),

William Brown-street, Liverpool.

SHEtpon, W. George, Youlgreave, South Croydon.

1900 + SHEPHEARD-Watwyy, H. W., M.A., Dalwhinnie, Kenley, Surrey.

1887 + Stcu, Alfred, (Councin, 1910-12), Corney House, Chiswick, W. 4.

1911

1904

1913

1902

1902

1907

1906

1916

1915

1901

1911

1912

1898

1885

1916

1908

Srmgs, James A., Mon Repos, Monkham’s-lane, Wood ford-qreen, Essex.

SimmonpDs, Hubert W., 12, Grey's Chambers, Court House-lane,

Auckland, New Zealand.

SrrweEcy, Capt. F., Wooler, Northumberland.

Siapen, Frederick William Lambart, Dept. of Agriculture, Central

Experimental Farm, Ottawa, Canada.

Storer, Gerard Orby, F.Z.8., J.P., Badminton Club, Piccadilly, W.1.

Sty, Harold Baker, Oxford House, East-drive, Brighton.

SMALLMAN, Raleigh 8., Eliot Lodge, Albemarle-road, Beckenham,

Kent.

Smart, Capt. H. Douglas, R.A.M.C., Shelley, Huddersfield,

Samira, Adam Charles, Horton, Mornington-road, Woodford Green.

Sairx, Arthur, County Museum, Lincoln.

Sairu, B. H., B.A., Edgehill, Warlingham, Surrey.

Smith, Roland T., 131, Queen’s-road, Wimbledon, 8.W. 19.

Sopp, Erasmus John Burgess, F.R.Met.S., 34, Ferndale-road, Hove.

Sourn, Richard, (CounciL, 1890-1), 4, Mapeshwry-court, Shoot-up

Hill, Brondesbury, N.W. 2.

Sowerby, Lieut. F. W., R.N.D., Cleethorpes, Lincolnshire.

Speyer, Edward R., Ridgehwrst, Shenley, Herts.

1889 *StanpEN, Richard 8., F.L.S., (Councin, 1906), Newlyn, Romsey,

1910

1898

1898

1910

Hats.

Sraney, The Rev. Hubert George, Marshfield Vicarage, Cardiff.

Srares, C. L. B., M.LR.C.S., L.R.C.P., The Limes, Swanley Junction,

Kent.

SresBine, Henry, Chasewood, Rownd Ouk-road, Weybridge.

STENTON, Rupert, St. Edward’s, St. Mary Church, Torquay.

1910

1913

1915

1896

1900

1895

1908

1884

1894

1876

1911

1910

1908

1916

1911

1911

1903

1914

1910

1901

1892

1907

1911

1897

1907

1914

1907

1906

1895

1910

1898

1893

1906

1915

( xzvin” }

SronEHAM, Hugh Frederick, Capt. 1st Batt. E. Surrey Regt.,

Stoneleigh, Reigate.

Srorgy, Gilbert, Dept. of Agriculture, Cairo, Eqypt.

Srort, Charles Ernest, Eaton, Reigate.

SrrickLanp, T. A. Gerald, Southcott, Poulton, Fairford.

Strupp, E. A. C., P.O. Box 906, Vancouver, British Columbia.

Strupp, E. F., M.A., B.C.L., Oxton, Exeter.

Swierstra, Corn. J., Ist Assistant, Transvaal Musewm, Pretoria.

SwinHogr, Colonel Charles, M.A., F.L.S., F.Z.S., (V.-PREs., 1894 ;

CounciL, 1891~3 ; 1902-4), 4, Gunterstone-road, West Kensing-

ton, W. 14.

SwinHog, Ernest, 4, Gunterstone-road, West Kensington, W. 14.

Swinton, A. H., Oak Villa, Braishfield, Romsey, Hants.

Swynnerton, C. F. M., Gungunyana, Melsetter, S.-E. Rhodesia.

Tait, Robt., junr., Roseneath, Harborough-road, Ashton-on-Mersey.

Taxpot, G., Mon plaisir, Wormley, Surrey.

TatcHELL, Leonard Spencer, 43, Spratt Hall-road, Wanstead, N.E.

Tautz, P. H., Cranleigh, Pinner, Middlesex,

Taytor, Frank H., Australian Institute of Tropical Medicine

P.O. Box 207, Townsville, Queensland.

Taytor, Thomas Harold, M.A., Yorkshire College, Leeds.

TEMPERLEY, Reginald, c/o Dr. W. Griffith, 43, Park-square, Leeds,

and LT’ Aurore, Vevey-la-Tour, Vaud, Switzerland.

THEOBALD, Prof. F. V., M.A., Wye Court, Wye, Kent.

THompson, Matthew Lawson, 40, Gosford-street, Middlesbrough.

THORNLEY, The Rey. A., M.A., F.L.S., “* Hughenden,” Coppice-road,

Nottingham.

TittyaRD, R. J., M.A., B.Sc., F.L.S., Linnean Macleay Fellow in

Zoology, Kuranda, Mount Errington, Hornsby, New South Wales.

Topp, R. G., 54, Hornsey-lane, Highgate, N.

Tomtin, J. R. le B., M.A., (Councit 1911-3), Lakefoot, Hamilton-

road, Reading.

Toneg, Alfred Ernest, (CounciL, 1915— ), Aincroft, Reigate, Surrey.

DE LA TorRE Bueno, J. R., 25, Broad-street, New York, U.S.A,

TRAGARDH, Dr. Ivar, The University, Upsala, Sweden.

Tuxiocn, Col. B., The King’s Own Yorkshire Light Infantry, ¢/o

Messrs. Cox & Co., 16, Charing Cross, 8.W.

Tunaey, Henry, Castleton, Searle-road, Farnham.

Turatt, Conte Emilio, 4, Piazza S. Alessandro, Milan, Italy.

Turner, A. J.. M.D., The Manor War Hospital, Epsom, and

Wickham Terrace, Brisbane, Australia.

Turner, Henry Jerome, (Councin, 1910-12), 98, Drakefell-road,

New Cross, 8.E. 14.

TuRNER, Rowland E., (Councin, 1909-10).

TytitER, Col. H. C., c/o Mrs. Tytler, Messrs, Grindlay & Co.,

Parliament-street, 8.W. 1.

ball XXVili_)

1893 Uric, Frederick William, C.M.Z.8., Port of Spain, Trinidad,

British West Indies.

1904 | Vauauan, W., The Old Rectory, Beckington, Bath.

1914 Verrcx, Robert, Entomologist, Natova, Nadi, Fiji Islands.

1909 VIDLER, Lacpuld A., The Cuirhaabite Stone House, Rye.

1911 VITALIS DE SALVAZA, R., Vientiane, Laos, Indo-China.

1895 Wacuer, Sidney, F.R.C.S., Dane John, Canterbury.

1897 Wartnwricnt, Colbran J., (Councin, 1901, 1912-14), 45, Handsworth

Wood-road, Handsworth, Birmingham.

1878 Waker, James J.. M.A. R.N., F.LS., Secretary, 1905-

.(V.-PrEs., 1916 ; Counctt, ° 1894; Src. 1899), Aorangi, ‘Lonsdae

road, isgonettor: n, Ouford,

1912 Wauwacr, Henry 8., 6, Kayll-road Villas, Sunderland.

1914 Wats, Nive. tps Hivaeeaia: Soekaboemi, Java, Dutch East Indies.

1866 | WatstneHamM, The Right Honble. Lord, (PREs., 1889-90 ; V.-PREs.,

1882, 1888, 1891-2, 1894-5; CounciL, 1896), British Museum

(Natural History), Cromwell-road, 8.W. 7.

1910 Warp, John J., Rusinurbe House, Somerset-road, Coventry.

1908 Warren, Brisbane C.'8., Hotel Moy, Oberhofen, Lac de Thoune,

Switzerland.

1901 + WateRHoUsE, Gustavus A., B.Sc, F.C.S., Allonrie, Stanhope-road,

Killara, New South Wales, Australia.

1914 Warerston, Rey. James, B.D., B.Sc., 32, Blandford-road, Bedford

Park, W. 4.

1914 Warr, Morris N., St. John’s Hill, Wangenui, New Zealand.

1893 Wesp, John Cooper, 89, Dulwich Villa, Dulwich, S.E. 22

1876 | Western, E. Young, 27, Pembridge-square, Notting Hill

Gate, W. 2.

1906 WHEELER, The Rev. George, M.A., F.Z.S., Secrerary, 1911-

(V.-PREs., 1914), 37, Gloucester-place, W. 1.

1910 Wire, Edward Barton, M.R.C.S., Cardig’ City Mental Hospital,

Cardiff.

1913 | WairLey, Percival N., Brantwood, Halifax; and New College,

Oxford.

1913 | WairraKer, Oscar, Ormidale, Ashlands, Ashton-wpon-Mersey.

1911 Wurrrinanam, Rey. Canon W. G., Giacion Rectory, Uppingham.

1917 WickHamM, Ren. Prebendary A. P., East Brent Vicarage, High-

bridge, Somerset.

1906 Wickwar, Oswin 8., Charlemont, Gregory-road, Colombo, Ceylon.

1903 Wiaerns, Clare A., M.R.C.S., Entebbe, Uganda.

1896 Witeman, A. E., Thatched House Club, St. James’-street, 8.W. 1.

1910 Wrtucocks, Frank C., Entomologist to the Khedivial Agricultural

Society, Cairo, Hqgypt.

1911 Wrttams, C. B., M.A., Port of Spain, Trinidad, and 20, Slatey-road,

Birkenhead.

.

,

1915

1915

1894

1905

1914

1912

1892

(Ry)

WitriaMs, Harold Beck, 131, Queen’s-road, Wimbledon, S.W. 19.

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Wottey-Dop, F. H., Millarville P. O., Alberta, N.W.T., Canada.

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Vicarage, Brigg, Lincolnshire.

YoupDaLg, William Henry, F.R.M.S., 21, Belle [sle-street, Workington.

( xa)

ADDITIONS TO THE LIBRARY

DuRING THE YEAR 1917.

AINSLIE (G. G.). [See LuGrysitt (P.).].

ATKIN (E. E.) and Bacor(A.). The relation between the hatching of the

eggs and the development of the Jarvae of Stegomyla fasciata

(dédes calopus), and the presence of bacteria and yeasts.

[ Parasitology, Vol. IX, 1917. ] The Authors.

Back (EH. A.) and Pemperron (C. E.). The Melon Fly in Hawaii (Bactro-

cera cucurbitae, Coq.).

[U. 8S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 491, June 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

Bacor (A.). The Use of Insecticides against Lice.

{ Brit. Med. Journ., Sept. 30, 1916. ]

—-—— A simple means of ascertaining if a sterilising hut is hot enough to

destroy lice and nits in clothing and in blankets.

[Brit. Med. Journ., Aug. 4. 1917. ]

A contribution to the Bionomies of Pediculus humanus (vestiment?)

and Pediculus capitis.

[ Parasitology, Vol. XX, 1917.]

The Louse Problem.

[Proc. Royal Soc.Medicine, Vol. X (Sect. Epidemiology and State

Medicine), 1917. | The Author.

[See ATKIN (E. E.).]

Baker (A. C.) and Davipson (W. M.). A further contribution to the study

of Ertosoma pyricola, the woolly pear Aphis.

[ Journ. Agric. Research, Vol. X, July 1917. ]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

[See QuAINTANCE (A. L.).]

BemMELEN (J. F. van). The colour pattern on Diptera wings.

[ Koninkl. Akad. Wet. Amsterdam, Vol. XIX, Nos. 9, 10, 1917. ]

The Author.

Botton (H.). The “ Mark Stirrup” collection of Fossil Insects from the

~Coal Measures of Commentry (Allier), Central France.

[Reprinted from the Memoirs Manchester Museum, Vol. LXI,

No. 2, 1917.] G. C. Champion.

Bavine (A.). A Generic synopsis of the Coccinellid larvae in the United

States National Museum, with a description of the larva of

Hyperaspis binotata, Say.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LI, Jan. 1917.]

The Sinithsonian Institution.

Broun (T.). Descriptions of new genera and species of Coleoptera.

Part V.

{New Zealand Institute, Bull. No. 1, June 1917. ]

The Author.

BurGess (A. F.) and Cotiins (C. W.). The genus Calosoma, including

studies of seasonal histories, habits, and economic importance

of American species north of Mexico and of several introduced

species.

[U. 8. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 417, July 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

(7a)

Burks (H. E.). Flat-headed borers (Buprestid larvae) affecting forest trees

in the United States,

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No, 437, Jan. 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

Buscr (A.). The pink bollworm, Pectinophora gossypiella.

[Journ. Agric. Research, ‘Vol. IX, June 1917. ]

US. Dept. Agric.

CarRPENTER (G. H.). Injurious Insects and other Animals observed in

Ireland during the years 1914 and 1915.

[Econ. Proc. Royal Dublin Soe., Vol. IJ, 1916. |

The Author.

Cuampion (G. C.). Coleoptera, Heteromera (excluding Tenebrionidae) from

the Seychelles Islands and Aldabra.

[Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist., Ser. 8, Vol. XIX, Feb. 1917.]

——_-——— A remarkable new species of Scivtes from Nyasaland.

[Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LITT, 1917.]

The larva of Byrrhus pilula, if

[Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LIII, 1917. ]

Some Coleoptera from Northern India.

[Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LITT, 1917.]

—_———- A new Barid from a Costa Rican bromeliad.

[Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LIII, 1917. ]

———— Notes on Tropical American Lagriidae, with descriptions of new

species.

[Ent. Pitauthly Mag., Vol. LILI, 1917.]

New Xylophilids from Australia, India and Borneo.

[Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LIT, 1917. ]

——-— Notes on the Coleoptera recorded from “ Resin Animé” by the

Rev. F. W. Hope, (1), (2).

[Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LIIT, 1917.]

———— On new and little-known Lagriidae from tropical America.

(Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1917. ] The Author.

CHITTENDEN (F. H.). The horse-radish Flea-beetle (Phyllotreta armoraciae,

Koch) : its life-history and distribution.

[U. 8S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 535, June 1917. ]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

Curystat (R. N.). The Western Cedar-borer (Trachykele sp.).

[Agric. Gazette of Canada, Vol. V, Nov. 1917.]

Canad, Dept. ee

Crement (G, E.) and Munro (W.). Control of the Gipsy Moth by forest

management. Part I: The Gipsy Mothin Woods. By G. E.

Clement. Part 11: Management of typical wood lots infested

with the Gipsy Moth in the White-pine region. By Willis

Munro.

[U. S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 484, April 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

Coan (B. R.). and McGeruex (T. F.). Collection of Weevils and infested

squares as a means of control of the Cotton Boll-Weevil in the

Mississippi.

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 564, Oct. 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

CockErEtt (F. D. A.). Some Bees from Australia, Tasmania, and the New

Hebrides.

[Proc, Acad. Nat. Sci. Philad., 1916.]

—

( xe +)

Cockerett (F. D.A.). The Ceratinid Bees of the Philippine Islands,

[Philippine Journ, Sci., Vol. XI, 1916. ]

——~—— A collection of Bees from Queensland.

[Memoirs Queensland Mus., Vol. V, July 1916. }

———— The Fauna of Boulder County, Colorado, Insecta, III, IV.

[Univ. Colorado Studies, Vol. XII, No. 1, Jan. 1917.]

—_—_—— New Tertiary Insects.

[Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LII, Feb. 1917.] ae

———~— The Dawn of History: a drama in three acts.

{Amer, Museum Journ., May 1917.]

———— Descriptions of Fossil Insects.

[Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington, Vol. XXX, May 1917. ]

Some Fossil Insects from Florissant, Colorado.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, June 1917. ]

——~—— Some Bees of the genus Psaenythia (Hym.).

[Ent. News, Vol. XXVIII, July 1917.}

——— Arthropods in Burmese Amber.

[Psyche, Vol. XXIV, No. 2, 1917.] The Author.

Coxe (A. C.) and Imms (A. D.). Report on an infestation of larvae of the

Antler Moth (Charaeas graminis, L.) in the Peak District.

[Journ. Board Agric., Vol. XXIV, Aug. 1917. ]

Dept. Agric. Entom., Manchester.

Cocuins (C. W.). [See Burcess (A. F.).].

Comps (A. F.). Notes on a collection of Odonata from Schoolcraft County,

Michigan.

[Occas. Papers Mus. Zool. Univ. Michigan, No. 41, May 1917.]

Univ. of Michigan.

Cummincs (B. F.). The Louse and its relation to disease, its life-history

and habits, and how to deal with it.

[British Museum (Natural History), Economic Series, No. 2, 1915. ]

— — The Bed-bug, its habits and life-history, and how to deal with it.

(British Museum (Natural History), Economic Series, No. 5, 1917.)

The Trustees Brit. Mus.

Curriz (B. P.). Gomphus parvidens, a new species of Dragon-fly from

Maryland.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIT, June 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

Cusuman (R. A.). Eight new species of reared Ichneumon-flies, with notes

on some other species.

[Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, Aug. 1917.]

—__—— A revision of Hymenopterous insects of the tribe Cremastini of

America north of Mexico.

[Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, Aug. 1917. ]

The Smithsonian Institution.

Davinson (W. M.). [See Baker (A. C.).]

D’EmMerEz bE CuHArMoy (D.). Moth-borers affecting sugar-cane in

Mauritius.

[Dept. Agric. Mauritius, Scient. Series, Bull, No. 5, 1917.)

The Author.

Distant (W. L.). Rhynchota. Part IT: Sub-order Homoptera. Percy

Sladen Trust Expedition to Indian Ocean in 1905.

(Trans. Linn. Soc. Lond., Zool. 2nd Ser., Vol. XVII, 1917. ]

By Exchange.

.

Doenin (P.). Hétérocéres de PAmérique du Sud.

[Fase. XIII, 1917.] The Author.

—— a

—

( (ee =)

DonistHorer (H.). (Dolichodei'us) (Hypoclinea) crawleyi, n. sp., a species

of Ant new to Science; with a few notes on the genus.

[Entom. Record, Vol. X XIX, 1917.] The Author.

Epwarps (F. W.). Mosquitoes and their relation to disease, their life-

history, habits and control.

[British Museum (Natural History), Economic Series, No. 4, 1916.]

The Trustees Brit. Mus.

FaGan (M. M.). [See Ronwer (S. A.).].

Forsom (J. W.). North American Collembolous insects of the subfamily

Onychiurinae.

[Proc. U.S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, Aug. 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

Forp (G. H.). Observations on the larval and pupal stages of Agriotes

obscurus, Linneus.

[Ann, Applied Biology, Vol. III, Jan. 1917.]

Dept. Agric. Entom., Manchester.

Fox (H.). Field notes on Virginian Orthoptera.

{Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LII, March 1917. ]

The Smithsonian Institution.

FroeeGatr (J. L.). [See Frocearr (W. W.). ].

Froeeattr (W. W.). Forest Longicorn Beetles and their parasites.

[Agric. Gazette N. S. W., Misc. Publ., No. 1886, Aug. 2, 1916.]

The Tomato and Bean Bug (Vezara viridula, Linn.).

[Agric. Gazette N. 8. W., Misc, Publ., No. 1894, Sept. 2, 1916.]

The Author.

Froee@att (W. W. and J. L.). Sheep-maggot Flies, No. 3. Report of work

carried out in the Riverina District, during 1915-16, at the

Government Sheep-fly Experiment Station at Wooloondool,

near Hay.

[Dept. Agric. N.S.W., Farmer’s Bull., No. 113, June 1917.]

NASW. Dept. Agric.

Gauan (A. B.). Descriptions of some new parasitic Hymenoptera.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, May 1917.]

The Smathsonian Institution.

GerYER (E. W.). [See Quarnrance (A. L.). ].

Gipson (A.). A new species of Zortrix of economic importance from New-

foundland (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae).

[Canad. Entomologist, Vol. XLVIII, 1916. ]

The Author.

—-— The Entomological Record for 1916.

[ Reprinted rrom 47th Ann. Rept. Ent. Soc., Ontario, 1916. ]

Canad, Dept. Agric.

Grar (J. E.). The Potato tuber Moth (Phthorimaea operculella, Zell.).

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 427, Feb. 1917. ]

U.S. Dept. Agric,

GREEN (E. E.). Notes on Coccidae occurring in the Seychelles Islands, with

descriptions of new species.

[Bull. Ent. Research, Vol. VII, Oct. 1916.]

——— Observations on British Coccidae, with descriptions of new species,

No. III.

[Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LITT, 1917.]

a

GREEN (E. E.). Observations on British Coccidae, with descriptions of new

species. No. IV.

[ Ent. Monthly Mag., Vol. LILI, 1917. ]

—-— A list of Coccidae affecting various genera of plants.

{Ann. Applied Biology, Vol. IV, Sept. 1917.) The Author.

GrimsHaw (V. H.). A Guide to the Literature of British Diptera.

[ Proc. Royal Soc. Edinburgh, Session 1916-17, Vol. XX, Part 2.

The Author.

(. xexIvE

GuIpE to the specimens and enlarged models of insects and ticks exhibited in

the Central Hall, British Museum (Natural History), illustrat-

ing their importance in the spread of disease.

[Special Guide No. 7, 1916.] The Trustees Brit. Mus.

Hacrerr (H. M.). Entomological Notes.

(Trans. Cardiff Nat. Soc., Vol. XLIX, 1916.]

———— The Hemiptera of Glamorgan.

{Traus. Cardiff Nat. Soc., Vol.. X LIX, 1916. ] The Author.

Hampson (Sir George). The Determination of Generic Types in the

Lepidoptera.

{Entom. News, Vol. XXVIII, Dec. 1917.] The Author.

Hewirr (©. G.). Regulations under the Destructive Insect and Pest Act,

with instructions to importers and exporters of trees, plants

and other nursery stock.

[Canad. Dept. Agric., Entom. Branch, Circular No. 10, 1917.]

—-— Report of the Dominion Entomologist for the year ending March

31, 1917.

-——— Regulations under the destructive Insect and Pest Act, 1917.

{Canad. Dept. Agric., Entom. Branch, Circular No. 10, 1917.]

Canad, Dept. Agric.

——-—— [See Report of the Dominion Entomologist, Ottawa, 1917.]

Hirst (S8.). Species of Arachnida and Myriopoda (scorpions, spiders, mites,

ticks and centipedes) injurious to man.

[ British Museum (Natural History), Economic Series, No. 6, 1917.]

The Trustees Brit. Mus.

Honexiss (H. E.). [See Parrorr (P. J.).]

Imus (A. D.). Tarred felt “dises” for protecting cabbages and related

vegetables from attacks of the root fly (Chortophila brassicae).

[Journ. Board Agric., Vol. XXIII, March 1917.]

Dept. Agric. Entom., Manchester.

-— [See Coxe (A. C.).]

Isety (Dwight). Control of the grape-berry moth in the Erie-Chatauqua

Grape Belt (Polychrosis viteana, Clem.).

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 550, Aug. 1917.]

U. S. Dept. Agric.

Izquierpo (J. Joaquin). Investigaciones sobre el Paludismo en Puebla.

[Pub‘ished by the Colegio del Estado de Puebla [Mexico], 1916. |

The State College of Puebla.

JENNINGS (H.8.). Pure lines in the study of genetics in lower organisms.

[Amer. Nat., Vol. XLV, Feb. 1911.]

————~ The Numerical results of diverse systems of breeding.

[ Genetics, Vol. I, Jan. 1916.]

Heredity, Variation and the Results of Selection in the uni-

parental reproduction of Diffluyia corona.

[Genetics, Vol. I, Sept. 1916.]

XEXV, )

JENNINGS (H.S8.). he numerical results of diverse systems of breeding, with

eet to two pairs of characters, linked or independent, with

special relation to the effects of linkage.

[Genetics, Vol. If, March 1917. ]

— —— Modifying factors and multiple allelomorphs in relation to the

results of selection. [Based on the fruit fly Drosophila. ]}

[Amer. Nat., Vol. LI, May 1917. ]

———— Observed changes in Hereditary characters in Relation to Evolution

[ Journ. Washington Acad. Sci., Vol. VII, May 1917. ]

The Author.

JonEs (D. W,). The European Earwig ( Forficula auricularia) and its control.

[U. 8. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 566, June 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

Jonrs (T. H.). The Sweet-potato leaf-folder (P2locricis tripunctata, Fab.).

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 609, Nov. 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

Kirkpatrick (R.). The Biology of Waterworks.

{British Museum ( Natura] History), Economic Series, No. 7, 1917.

The Trustees Brit. Mus.

Kraatz (G.) [See Kisrer (H. C.)]

Kister (H. C.) Die Kafer Europa’s. Nach der Natur beschrieber. Heft

Xxv-xl viii, 1852-1912.

[Heft xxix, by Dr. G. Kraatz. Heft xxx-xlviii, by J. Schilsky.]

Purchased.

La Rus (G. R.) Two new larval Trematodes from Thamnophis marctana

and Thamnophis eques.

[Oceas. Papers Mus. Zoo!. Univ. Michigan, No. 35, Jan. 1917.]

Univ. ‘of Michigan.

Laturop (F. H.). [See Parrott (P. J.).]

Lucas (T. P.). Memoir (published in Brisbane 1917).

Carter- Watson Co., Brisbane.

LuGinBict (P.) and Ainstiz (G. G.). The Lesser Cornstalk-borer (Elasmo-

palpus lignosellus, Zell.).

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 539, Sept. 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

LunpbBeck (W.). Diptera Danica. Parts IV, V, 1912, 1916.

The Author.

Marsu (H. O.). Life-history of Plutella maculipennis, the diamond-back

moth.

[Journ. Agric. Research, Vol. X, July 1917.

U. S. Dept. Agric.

McCray (A. H.). Spore-forming Bacteria of the Apiary.

[Journ. Agric. Research, Vol. VIII, March 1917. ]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

McDonoucu (F. L.). [See McGrecor (E. A.) |

McGenex (T. F.). [See Coan (B. R.).]

McGrecor (BE. A. c Descriptions of seven new species of Red Spiders,

[Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LI, Jan. 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

McGrecor (E. A.) and McDonoven (F.L.). The Red Spider of cotton

(Tetranychus bimaculatus, Harvey).

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 416, Jan. 1917. ]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

-

() ape)

MclInpoo (N. E.) and Srevers (A. F.). Quassia extract as a contact

insecticide,

[ Journ. Agric. Research, Vol. X, Sept. 1917. |

U.S. Dept. Agric.

Misra (C.8.). The Indian Sugar-cane Leaf-hopper ( Pyril/a aberrans, Kirby).

(Mem. Dept. Agric. India, Entom. Series, Vol. V, No. 11. Aug.

1917.1] India Office.

Morrison (H.). Monograph of the Nearctic Hymenoptera of the genus

Bracon, Fabricius,

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LII, March 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

Munro (W.). [See Cremenr (G. E.).]

Myers(P.R.). An American species of the Hymenopterous genus Wesmaelia

of Foerster.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, May 1917.]

— A new American parasite of the Hessian fly (.Wayetéolu destructor,

Say).

[Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, May 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

Newton (L. V.). The Domestication of the Indian Honey-bee.

[ Agric. Journ. of India, Vol. XII, Jan. 1917. | India Office.

Norman (H.). Coleoptera Illustrata. Vol. 1, No. 38. Carabidae. 1917.

: The Author.

Oxsertuir (Charles). Etudes de Lépidopterologie Comparée. XIII, XIV,

1917. The Author.

Paine (J. H.). An asymmetrical Bird-louse found on three different species

of Troupials.

[ Proc. U. 8S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIIT, June 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

Parker (J. B.). A Revision of the Bembicine wasps of America north of

Mexico.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., No. LII, Feb. 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

Parker (R. R.). New flies of the genus Sarcophaga from Guam and the

Philippines.

[Proc. U.S. Nat, Mus., Vol. LIV, Oct. 1917.]

The Sintthsonian Institution.

Parrotr (P. J.), HopGxiss (H. E.), and Larnrop (F. H.). Plant Lice

injurious to apple orchards. IT,

{New York Agric. Exper. Station, Bull. No. 431, March 1917. ]

New York Dept. Agric.

Parcu (E. M.). Elm-leaf rosette and woolly Aphid of the apple.

[Maine Agric. Exper. Station, Orono, Bull. No. 256, Nov. 1916. ]

Maine Agric. Exper. Station.

Priars (L. M.). [See Sanperson (E. D.).]

PrMBERTON (C. E.). [See Back (E. A.).]

QuarntTance (A. L.) and Baker (A. C.). A Contribution to our Knowledge

of the White flies of the subfamily Aleyrodinae (Aleyrodidae),

| Proc. U. S. Nat. Mus., Vol. LI, Jan. 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

QouaintANncr (A, L.) and Gryrr (E. W.). Life-history of the Codling moth

(Carpocapsa pomonella, L.) in the Pecos Valley, New Mexico.

[U. 8. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 429, Feb. 1917. ]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

( xaxvir )

Report of the Dominion Entomologist for the year ending March 31, 1917.

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[Canada Dept. Agric., Ottawa, 1917.] Canad. Dept, Agric.

Report of the Manchester Museum for the year 1916-17.

G, C. Champion.

Report of the Proceedings of the Second Entomological Meeting held at

Pusa 5th to 12th February, 1917. Edited by T. Bainbrigge

Fletcher.

Agric. Research Institute, Pusa.

Rouwer (S. A.). A Report on a collection of Hymenoptera (mostly from

California) made by W. M. Giffard.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, May 1917.]

—- Descriptions of thirty-one new species of Hymenoptera.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LIII, June 1917.]

The Sintthsontan Institution.

Rouwer (S. A.) and FaGcan (M. M.). The Type-species of the genera of

Cynipoidea, or the gall-wasps and parasitic Cynipoids.

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Ross (W. A.). The Black cherry Aphis.

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Sanpers (G. E.) and Brirrarn (W. H.). Spraying for insects affecting

apple orchards in Nova Scotia.

[Canad. Dept. Agric., Entom. branch, Circular No. 8, 1916.]

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Sanperson (EF. D.) and Prerars (C. M.). School Entomology and Elemen-

tary Text-book of Entomology. 1st Edition. New York, 1917.

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ScuHieRBEEK (A.). On the setal pattern of caterpillars and pupae. Leiden

1OuT:

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Scuitsky (J.). [See Kusrer (H. C.). |

Screntiric Reports of the Agricultural Research Institute, Pusa (including

the Report of the Imperial Cotton Specialist), 1916-17. Calcutta,

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Srevers (A. F.). [See McInpoo (N. E.)].

Sprare (A. T.). Sorosporella uvella and its occurrence in cutworms in

America.

{[Journ. Agric, Research, Vol. VIII, Feb. 1917. |

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Srorry (G.). Machines for the treatment of cotton-seed against pink

boll-worm (Gelechia gossyptella, Saund.).

[Ministry Agric. Egypt, Techn. and Sci. Service, Bull. No. 14

(Entom. Sect.), July 1917. |

Ministry Agric., Eqypt.

Swarne (J. M.). Canadian bark-beetles. Part I. Descriptions of new

species.

[Canad. Dept. Agric., Entom. Branch, Bull. No. 14, 1917. |

—— — The False tussock caterpillars of shade trees.

[Agric. Gazette of Canada, Vol. IV, Nov. 1917.]

Canad. Dept. Agrre.

nal XXXVill_ )

THEOBALD (F.¥.). The Aphid of the tea, coffee and cacao ( Toxoptera coffeae,

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[Bull. Ent. Research, Vol. VII, 1917,]

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TiLtyarD (R. J.). The Biology of Dragonflies (Odonata or Paraneuroptera),

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Turati (Conte Emilio). Un genere nuovo alla fauna paleartica, Emmalocera

3 + |

palaearctella, nova species.

[ Bull. Soe. Entom. Ital , Vol. XLVIIT, 1916 (1917).

Revisions delle Syntomis paleartiche a doppio cingolo giallo, e

saggio di una classificazione delle varie specie e forma.

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Turner (R. E.). On a collection of Sphecotdea sent by the Agricultural

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India O ffice.

Wapvsworrn (J. T.), Report on a trial of tarred felt “dises” for protecting

cabbages and cauliflowers from attacks of the cabbage root-fly

(Chortophila brassicae).

[Ann. Applied Biology, Vol. III, Jan. 1917.]

Dept. Agric. Entom., Manchester.

Waterston (J.). Fleas as a menace to man and domestic animals, their

‘ life-history, habits and control. British Museum (Natural

History), Economic Series, No. 3, 1916.

The Trustees Brit. Mus.

Wickuam (H. F.). New species of Fossil beetles from Florissant, Colorado.

[Proc. U. 8. Nat. Mus., Vol. LI, Feb. 1917.]

The Smithsonian Institution.

WirvermutH (V. L.). The Desert-corn flea-beetle (Chaetocnema ectypa

Horn).

[U.S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 436, Feb. 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

WirttAmson (E. B.). An Annotated list of the Odonata of Indiana.

(Univ. of Michigan, Mus. Zool., Misc. Publ. No, 2, 1917.)

The Author.

Woop (H P.). The Chicken mite (Dermanyssus gallinae, Redi): its life-

history and habits.

LU. S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No. 593, Aug. 1917.]

US. Dept. Agric.

Worrtutey (L. H.). Solid-stream spraying against the Gipsy moth and the

Brown-tail moth in New England.

LU. S. Dept. Agric., Bull. No: 480, June 1917.]

U.S. Dept. Agric.

?

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Periodicals and Publications of Societies.

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Lonpon, Ontario. The Canadian Entomologist. Vol. XLIX, 1917.

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Toronto, 1917. The Society.

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New York. New York Entomological Society. Journal. Vol. XXV, 1917.

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PHILADELPHIA. Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. Proceedings.

Vol. LXVIII, Parts 3 and 4, 1916; Vol. LXIX, Parts 1 and 2, 1917.

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Entomelogical News, Vol. XX VIII, 1917. By Exchange.

Memoirs of the American Entomological Society, No. 2, 1917.

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WasuHinGron. Smithsonian Institution. Annual Report, 1916.

United States National Museum. Proceedings. Vol. L, 1917.

American Entomological Society. Transactions, Vol. XLII, Nos. 3,

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CHILE.

Corposa. Boletin de la Academia Nacional de Ciencias. Tomo XXII,

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Agricultural News. Vol. XVI, 1917.

The Agricultural Department.

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_Bompay. Natural History Society. Journal. Vol. XXV, Parts 1, 2, 1917.

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The Indian Forest Records. Vol. V, Part 8, 1917; Vol. VI, Part 3,

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Pusa. Memoirs of the Department of Agriculture in India. Entomological

Series. Vol. II, Nos. 8, 9, 1910, 1912. Vol. IV, Nos. 1, 2, 5,

1912, 1913. India Office.

( xl)

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SypneEy. Linnean Society of New South Wales. Proceedings, Vol. XLI,

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Paris. Société Entomologique de France. Annales, Vol. LXXXYV, Parts 3

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Bulletin. 1917, Nos. 1-20. By Exchange.

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Entomologist (The). 1917. R. South.

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Entomologist’s Record and Journal of Variation. Vol. XXIX,

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Entomological Society of London. Transactions, 1915, Parts 3, 4,

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Linnean Society of London, Zoology, Transactions, Journal and

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London Natural History Society. Transactions, 1916.

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Naturalist (The). 1917. By Exchange.

Nature. 1917. The Publishers.

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Zoological Society. ‘Transactions and Proceedings. 1917.

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Zoologist (The). 1917. The Publisher.

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Gexbive. Meémoirs de la Société de Physique et d’Histoire naturelle. Vol.

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TRANSACTIONS

ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY

LONDON 840 “hg <\

For THE YEAR .1917. | MULT S'919

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Msanian | ep®

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I. Descriptions of South American Micro-Lepidoptera.

By E. Meyrick, B.A., F.R.S.

[Read December 6th, 1916.]

THE following descriptions are from specimens in my own

collection. They include some further interesting material

from high levels in the Andes (9000-12,000 feet elevation),

amongst which are examples of the genera Phalonaa,

Crocidosema, Aristotelia, and Phthorimaea. Altogether six

genera and 102 species are described as new.

PHALONTADAE.

AMALLECTIS, n. g.

Palpi rather long, porrected, triangularly rough-scaled. An-

tennae in ¢ strongly ciliated. Forewings with 2 from towards

angle, 3 absent, 8 absent, 11 from middle. Hindwings with 2 from

towards angle, 3 and 4 stalked, 5 somewhat approximated, 6 and 7

long-stalked.

Probably a development of Phalonia,

Amallectis devineta, n. sp.

dg. 13mm. Head ochreous-whitish, sides more ochreous. Palpi

ochreous-whitish, laterally more ochreous, with a few dark fuscous

specks. Thorax ochreous-whitish, shoulders marked with dark

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PaRTI. (NOV.) B

- ee

2 Mr. EK. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

fuscous. Abdomen pale greyish, anal tuft whitish. Forewings

elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse,

termen obliquely rounded; ochreous-whitish; a dark fuscous spot

mixed with brownish-ochreous on base of costa, and another near

beyond it; a transverse fascia from middle of costa, costal portion

rather narrow, dark fuscous, mixed with ochreous-brownish, lower

half formed of grey irroration, dilating to dorsum, where it extends

over more than median third, and is marked with dark fuscous; a

cloudy grey spot on costa towards }: cilia ochreous-whitish.

Hindwings whitish, with some cloudy grey strigulae in disc and

posteriorly ; cilia whitish.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); one specimen.

Phalonia sublimis, n. sp.

2. 16 mm. Head whitish. Palpi 2}, pale ochreous mixed with

ferruginous. Thorax whitish-ochreous tinged with ferruginous.

Abdomen greyish. Forewings elongate, rather narrow, posteriorly

slightly dilated, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen hardly

rounded, oblique; whitish-ochreous, almost wholly suffused with

ferruginous except towards costa beyond middle; some minute

blackish strigulae scattered along costa; a moderate suffused deep

ferruginous fascia slightly before middle parallel to termen, this

fascia and dorsal half of wing beyond it minutely speckled with

black; several deep ferruginous spots and marks on apical fourth

of wing forming a coarse reticulation: cilia whitish-ochreous, suf-

fusedly barred with grey. Hindwings whitish-grey, indistinctly

strigulated with grey; cilia grey-whitish.

Peru, Huancayo, 10,650 feet, in July (Parish); one

specimen.

Phalonia galbanea, n. sp.

3. 11-13 mm. Head and thorax pale brownish-ochreous, face

whitish-ochreous. Palpi 23, ochreous-whitish tinged with brownish.

Antennal ciliations of g 1. Abdomen rather dark grey. Forewings

elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa slightly arched, apex

obtuse, termen rounded, rather oblique; light brownish-ochreous ;

basal patch slightly darker, undefined, on costal edge often suffused

with dark fuscous; a rather narrow ochreous-brown postmedian

fascia, obtusely angulated and interrupted above middle, its costal

edge sometimes marked with dark fuscous; a more or less indicated

ochreous-brown mark, sometimes with dark fuscous scales, on dorsum

before tornus; a rather narrow ochreous-brown fascia from 4 of

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 3

costa to middle of termen, and three or four small indistinct dark

fuscous costal strigulae on or near this: cilia pale ochreous, variably

spotted with dark fuscous or blackish irroration. Hindwings

blackish-grey; cilia pale grey, with darker grey subbasal shade.

British Gurana, Bartica and Mallali, from December

to March (Parish); Peru, Pacaya, in August (Mounsey) ;

eight specimens.

Phalonia scarificata, n. sp.

3 2. 8-llmm. Head, palpi, and thorax pale ochreous. Antennal

ciliations of ¢ 1. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly

somewhat dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen obliquely

rounded; 7 to costa; ochreous, more or less silvery-iridescent ;

some minute scattered strigulae of black irroration along costa; a

quadrate deeper spot on costa beyond middle, edged laterally with

strigulae of black irroration; some indistinct darker suffusion, with

irregular marks of black irroration, in disc beneath this; a more or

less developed triangular blotch of black irroration on dorsum before

middle, and a small spot towards tornus; an indistinct spot of

deeper suffusion above tornus; an indistinct deeper fasciate streak

from 4 of costa to middle of termen, its lower portion covered by an

irregular patch of scattered black irroration: cilia pale ochreous.

Hindwings with 3 and 4 closely approximated or connate; grey,

thinly scaled in cell, veins darker; cilia pale grey.

BritisH Guiana, Bartica and Mallali, from December to

March (Parish); DutcH Guiana, Paramaribo; Brazit,

Parana; twenty-six specimens.

Phalonia enclitica, n. sp.

dg. 13-15 mm. Head whitish. Palpi 23, ochreous-whitish,

tinged or sprinkled with brownish. Antennal ciliations nearly 2.

Thorax whitish, sometimes tinged with ochreous. Abdomen grey, anal

tuft whitish. Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa

gently arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, oblique; pale

brownish-ochreous, sometimes more or less whitish-tinged; a faint

brownish basal patch, edge angulated, its lower portion marked by a

more or less indicated darker streak; a moderate brownish post-

median fascia angulated and more or less interrupted in disc, par-

tially sprinkled and marked with dark fuscous on edges, lower portion

forming a semioval spot; a roundish brown spot on costa at 4, and

one or two dark brown strigulae before and beyond it: cilia pale

—

4 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

ochreous. Hindwings grey; cilia whitish-grey, with grey subbasal

shade.

Ecuapor, Alausi, 9450 feet, in June (Parish); five

specimens.

Phalonia mordax, n. sp.

6. 15-17 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish, more or less

sprinkled with fuscous and dark fuscous, palpi 3. Antennal cilia-

tions 2. Abdomen whitish-fuscous. Forewings elongate, posteriorly

slightly dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded,

oblique; whitish, strewn with pale ochreous strigulae more or less

irrorated with fuscous and dark fuscous; markings brownish

sprinkled with dark fuscous; three somewhat oblique spots from

costa at 3, middle, and ?; three rather irregular oblique fasciate

streaks from dorsum, first at }, reaching half across wing, second

from beyond middle, similar but more or less interrupted beneath its

apex, third from tornus, more or less obsolete at lower extremity,

reaching ? across wing near termen; some small marginal spots round

apex and termen: cilia whitish, mixed or indistinctly barred with

fuscous. Hindwings pale grey, strigulated with grey; cilia whitish-

grey, with darker subbasal shade.

ArcEentTiINA, R. Parana; four specimens.

LASIOTHYRIS, n. g.

Antennae in ¢ ciliated. Forewings with 2 from 4, 3 and 4

approximated, 7 to costa, 11 from middle. Hindwings with 3

and 4 connate, 5 hardly approximated, 6 and 7 nearly parallel.

Apparently allied to Pharmacis.

Lasiothyris limatula, n- sp.

6. 9mm. Head and thorax light ochreous, face whitish-ochreous.

(Palpi broken.) Antennal ciliations 1. Abdomen grey, anal tuft

grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, costa slightly arched, apex

obtuse, termen rounded, oblique; light ochreous; costa marked

with some minute indistinct dark fuscous strigulae, and with narrow

elongate spots of ferruginous-fuscous suffusion at } and middle;

dorsal half suffused with ferruginous, more strongly posteriorly,

with a few dark fuscous specks, crossed by some silvery-whitish

iridescence beyond middle; an oblique ferruginous-ochreous fascia

from ? of costa to middle of termen, preceded and followed by

silvery-whitish iridescence: cilia ochreous, towards tips whitish-

tinged. Hindwings hyaline with thinly strewn dark grey hairscales,

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 5

towards termen suffused with grey, veins and terminal edge dark

grey; cilia whitish-grey.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June (Parish); one

specimen.

Phtheochroa praeposita, n. sp.

6. 26-30 mm. Head and palpi fuscous. Antennal ciliations

13. Thorax white. Abdomen light grey. Forewings elongate,

posteriorly considerably dilated, costa anteriorly hardly, posteriorly

moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, rather

oblique; silvery-white; a rather broad somewhat oblique fuscous

median fascia, tending to be partially interrupted above middle,

extended along costa as a suffused diminishing band to base, on

costa marked with small darker spots or strigulae, in disc with some

silvery iridescence and transverse markings of raised silvery scales;

about seven dark fuscous dots on dorsal edge; a rather curved

transverse fuscous streak mixed with dark fuscous above tornus,

and a small spot above upper extremity of this; a triangular fuscous

apical patch, partially sprinkled with dark fuscous, extending over

nearly $ of costa and to below middle of termen : cilia grey (imper-

fect). Hindwings pale grey, coarsely strigulated or marbled with

grey; cilia whitish-grey.

Cotomst1a, San Antonio, 5800 feet, in November; two

specimens.

TORTRICIDAE.

Capua arrecta, n. sp.

g: 17 mm. Head and thorax brown, suffusedly irrorated with

dark grey. (Palpi broken.) Abdomen grey. Forewings sub-

oblong, costa anteriorly moderately, posteriorly slightly arched, with

costal fold reaching nearly to }, apex obtuse, termen straight,

somewhat oblique; ferruginous-brown, irrorated with dark grey;

costal fold and about five costal spots suffused with blackish-grey ;

central fascia and large triangular costal blotch represented by a

broad indefinite general blackish-grey suffusion; a tuft of raised

scales on fold beneath middle of wing, and numerous scattered

raised scales on surface of wing: cilia brownish, basal half spotted

or mixed with dark grey. Hindwings grey, towards apex and upper

part of termen paler and strigulated with darker; cilia grey-whitish,

with subbasal line.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); two specimens.

-

6 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

Capua illaqueata, n. sp.

9. 14 mm. Head and thorax whitish-yellow, anterior margin

of thorax marked with brown. Palpi yellow-whitish, with two

transverse fuscous bars on second joint, and one on base of terminal.

Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa

gently arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, rather oblique; light

brassy-yellow sprinkled with ferruginous, partially suffused with

silvery-white on margins of markings; markings lilac-brown, edged

with some dark brown scales; a ferruginous-brown spot along base

of costa, enclosing two pale yellow strigulae on costa; a small

ferruginous spot on base of dorsum; an irregular oblique fascia

from 4 of costa to below middle of wing, its extremity dilated and

truncate; a triangular blotch on dorsum about 4; a large spot on

middle of costa and a smaller one beyond it, connected by a thick bar

beneath; a small costal spot beyond this; an irregular fascia from

costa before apex to tornus, including a pale yellow strigula on costa,

its anterior edge triangularly prominent above middle so as just to

touch angle of the subcostal bar and suffused here with ferruginous,

its posterior edge connected with termen below middle by a narrow

bar; some small silvery-white spots along termen and tornus : cilia

pale yellow barred with ferruginous. Hindwings dark grey; cilia

greyish with darker subbasal shade.

Frencu Gurana, R. Maroni; one specimen. Allied to

aluminias.

Pseudatteria fornicata, n. sp.

9. 30-38 mm. Head white spotted with black. Palpi nearly 6,

slender, black, basal joint white, second joint internally white.

Thorax black, posterior margin of collar, a mark on each side of

back, a dot in middle, and two posterior white. Abdomen black,

segmental margins white. Forewings suboblong, moderately

broad, costa strongly arched, apex rounded-obtuse, termen rounded,

somewhat oblique; orange; dorsal edge ochreous-whitish; a

moderate evenly broad ochreous-white border running all round

costa and termen, with purple-black markings as follows, viz. a

basal bar, eight thick transverse spots crossing it between this and

4 of costa, four marginal spots round apex connected anteriorly

by an irregular marking but first or second of these sometimes dis-

connected, and five semicircular marginal spots on termen, second

confluent with an anterior spot so as to form a bar crossing border ;

in one specimen a dot beneath this bar anteriorly, in the other a

small spot above tornal spot: cilia white, barred with purple-black

on markings. Hindwings coppery-orange, dorsum narrowly suf-

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 7

fused with dark grey; nine small semicircular purple-black marginal

spots round apex and termen; cilia whitish, becoming orange

towards tornus and dark grey on dorsum, barred with purple-

blackish on spots.

Cotomstia, San Antonio, 5800 feet, in November; two

specimens.

Cacoecia chelograpta, n. sp.

6. 13 mm. Head whitish, sides of crown mixed with crimson-

fuscous. Palpi whitish, slightly sprinkled with crimson. Antennal

ciliations 3. Thorax pale ochreous, anterior margin suffused

with purplish-brown. Abdomen ochreous-orange. Forewings sub-

oblong, moderately broad, rather dilated posteriorly, costa anteriorly

gently, posteriorly hardly arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen

slightly rounded, nearly vertical; pale glossy yellow-ochreous; an

oblique dark reddish-brown streak from middle of costa reaching

half across wing, suffused with dark grey except on costa; a small

dark brown spot on costa at #: cilia whitish-ochreous, on upper

half of termen suffused with reddish-brown. Hindwings ochreous-

orange; cilia light ochreous.

Frencu Guiana, R. Maroni; one specimen.

Cacoecia aerobatica, n. sp.

3. 30 mm. Head blackish-fuscous on crown, face and palpi

light greyish-ochreous. Antennal ciliations 1. Thorax light glossy

lilac-fuscous, anterior margin blackish-fuscous. Abdomen grey.

Forewings elongate, moderate, posteriorly dilated, costa gently

arched, without fold, apex obtuse, termen hardly oblique, obtusely

bent in middle; rather light purple-fuscous, finely striolated trans-

versely with dark grey, along costa suffused with grey; an irregular

transverse white spot in disc at 3; a large balloon-shaped blackish

blotch before termen, extending from near costa % across wing,

partially edged finely with white, especially on upper part anteriorly :

cilia purple-brownish (imperfect). Hindwings grey, with some faint

darker strigulae posteriorly ; cilia grey.

CotomsiA, San Antonio, 5800 feet, in November; one

specimen.

Tortrix lutosulana, Zell.

I think I have correctly identified this as a species of

which I have eleven examples taken at Huigra, Ecuador,

4500 feet, in June. - If so, it is a true Tortriz, very like

} -

8 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

the North American peritana, but Zeller is not strictly

correct in stating that the male has no costal fold; the

costal edge is slightly rolled over on basal fourth, and the

posterior part of this is furnished with rather long project-

ing scales, but so closely appressed to surface of wing as to

be unnoticeable unless lifted.

Tortrix homophyla, n. sp.

a

3. 12 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax ochreous. Antennal cilia-

tions |. Abdomen pale whitish-ochreous. Forewings elongate,

posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa gently arched, without fold,

apex obtuse-pointed, termen slightly sinuate, rather oblique;

whitish-grey-ochreous, strigulated with light grey, with several

indistinct grey-yellowish striae; edge of basal patch angulated in

middle, marked with blackish in dise but obsolete towards margins ;

central fascia moderate, oblique, grey, anterior margin straight,

marked with blackish scales, posterior irregular and indefinite ;

costal patch large, semioval, dark grey, sending a well-marked dark

grey line to termen below middle, continued a little down it; a

dark grey streak along apical part of termen: cilia whitish-grey-

ochreous. Hindwings ochreous-grey-whitish, towards apex with a

few grey strigulae; cilia ochreous-grey-whitish. ;

Cotompra, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May (Parish);

one specimen. Very similar to preceding, vet easily dis-

tinguished by sinuate termen of forewings and whitish

hindwings, besides other differences.

Tortrix capnosticha, n. sp.

3. 13-15 mm. Head and thorax pale fuscous. Palpi ochreous-

whitish sprinkled with dark fuscous. Antennal ciliations of 3 1-

Abdomen fuscous. Forewings elongate-oblong, costa anteriorly

moderately, posteriorly hardly arched, in g with edge very narrowly

rolled over from base to + and slightly rough-scaled, apex obtuse,

termen straight, rather oblique; pale ochreous irrorated with

fuscous; central fascia moderate, oblique, rather dark fuscous,

somewhat narrowed upwards, margins nearly straight, sometimes

irregularly interrupted above middle; costal patch rather large,

irregular-trapezoidal, rather dark fuscous, with an indistinct line

running from it to termen below middle: cilia pale ochreous, with

line of fuscous irroration. Hindwings whitish, obscurely strigulated

with grey towards apex and on termen, vein 2 and lower margin of

cell beyond it suffused with grey; cilia whitish.

Perv, Lima, in August (Parish); six specimens.

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 9

Tortrix lignea, n. sp.

32. 15-18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax brown. Antennal

ciliations of § 4. Abdomen whitish-grey. Forewings suboblong,

costa without fold, anteriorly strongly arched, posteriorly slightly

sinuate, apex obtuse, termen somewhat bowed, little oblique ; brown,

somewhat tinged with ferruginous, obscurely strigulated with dark

fuscous, especially on margins; basal patch obscurely darker,

partially suffused with dark fuscous irroration, especially towards

lower half posteriorly, edge angulated in middle; central fascia

darker, broad, rather irgegular, from before middle of costa to

dorsum before tornus, narrower and irregularly mixed with dark

fuscous irroration towards costa; costal patch darker, flattened-

triangular, whence a thick streak runs to termen below middle;

a short darker streak along upper part of termen: cilia whitish-

ochreous, with dark brown subbasal shade. Hindwings grey-

whitish, strigulated with grey posteriorly; cilia whitish with grey

subbasal line.

Ecuapor, Huigra (4500 feet), Alausi (9450 feet), in June

(Parish); six specimens.

Tortrix fissiculata, n. sp.

32. 18-20 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax light brownish closely

irrorated with dark fuscous. Antennal ciliations of ¢2. Abdomen

grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa moderately

arched, without fold, apex obtuse-pointed, termen somewhat

sinuate, oblique; brown suffusedly irrorated with grey, with irregular

anastomosing dark fuscous transverse striae ; the confluence of these

forms a narrow somewhat curved fascia about 4, a narrow irregular

somewhat oblique fascia beyond middle, and a streak from } of

costa to tornus, widest on costa: cilia whitish-fuscous, with dark

fuscous subbasal line. Hindwings grey-whitish, more or less

strigulated with grey; cilia whitish, with grey subbasal line.

Peru, Aqualani, in June; four specimens.

Eulia atalodes, 1. sp.

3. 14 mm. Head and thorax silvery-white, face, palpi, and

shoulders dark fuscous. Antennal ciliations 1. Abdomen whitish.

Forewings rather elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa slightly arched,

straight in median area, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded,

oblique; silvery-white, tinged with pale greenish-yellow; a dark

-

10 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

fuscous streak along basal fifth of costa, edged beneath by an un-

defined spot of pale yellow suffusion ; a large dark fuscous triangular

blotch extending on costa from } to #, and reaching half across

wing; a small dark fuscous spot on costa near apex; some light

grey suffusion along median portion of termen: cilia light grey,

towards apex and tornus white. Hindwings pale grey, towards

base whitish-tinged ; cilia whitish, with two pale grey lines.

Cotomstia, San Antonio, 5800 feet, in November; one

specimen.

Eulia melanecta, n.sp.

2. 19mm. Head and palpi whitish tinged with fuscous. Thorax

whitish, anterior margin infuscated. Abdomen pale grey. Fore-

wings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa gently arched,

apex obtuse, termen rounded, oblique; whitish; costa marked with

a series of small dark grey spots, and in middle with a moderately

large irregular spot; a dark grey patch occupying dorsal half of

wing from base to $, towards base extended to costa, posteriorly with

an irregular grey lobe above nearly reaching median costal spot

marked with a subtriangular black spot anteriorly and a black dot

beyond this; a curved subterminal grey streak, marked with some

small black dots in disc; a grey marginal streak round apex and

termen, marked with four small irregular black spots on its upper

portion: cilia dark grey irrorated with whitish. Hindwings grey-

whitish posteriorly marbled with grey; cilia whitish, with grey

subbasal line.

Ecuapor, Alausi, 9450 feet, in June (Parish); one

specimen.

Cnephasia setosa, n. sp.

3. 18mm. Head and thorax whitish, sides of crown and shoulders

mixed with dark fuscous. Antennal ciliations ?. Abdomen grey-

whitish. Forewings elongate, costa gently arched, apex obtuse,

termen straight, rather oblique; ochreous-whitish, with a few

scattered dark fuscous scales posteriorly, and some dots along costa;

a subtriangular dark fuscous spot on base of costa, and a smaller one

at }; a quadrate dark fuscous spot on middle of costa, an oblique

fascia from dorsum before middle pointed above and reaching more

than half across wing, and a curved elongate spot in disc beyond

middle, these three all connected by a spot of grey suffusion; an

irregular-trapezoidal dark fuscous spot on dorsum at #?, and an

irregular bent fascia from costa at + directed towards this but only

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 11

reaching half across wing: cilia whitish (imperfect). Hindwings

ochreous-whitish; a brush of very long spreading black hairscales

within cell; cilia whitish. ,

Cotomsr4, San Antonio, 5800 feet, in November; one

specimen.

Cnephasia praecipua, n. sp.

g. 18 mm. Head and thorax whitish. Palpi whitish, basal

half sprinkled with dark fuscous. Antennal ciliations?. Abdomen

grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, posteriorly rather dilated, costa

gently arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, rather oblique ;

ochreous-whitish, faintly tinged here and there with pale reddish-

ochreous; markings dark fuscous; several dots or strigulae on costa,

and a small triangular spot at $; a quadrate spot on middle of costa,

an oblique fascia from dorsum before middle reaching half across

wing, and a mark in disc beyond the interval between them; a

large acute-triangular spot on dorsum beyond middle; a fascia from

3 of costa to + of dorsum, anterior edge with an irregular prominence

in middle, posterior edge nearly straight: cilia ochreous-whitish

(imperfect). Hindwings ochreous-whitish, irregularly marbled with

grey; cilia ochreous-whitish.

CotompBiA, San Antonio, 5800 feet, in November; one

specimen.

Cnephasia dentata, n. sp.

3. 138-14 mm. Head and thorax whitish, shoulders with some

dark fuscous scales. Palpi dark fuscous, terminal joint and apex

of second whitish. Antennal ciliations of g¢ 1. Abdomen whitish-

grey. Forewings elongate, costa moderately arched, apex obtuse,

termen slightly rounded, rather oblique; ochreous-whitish, tinged

here and there with light brownish; some blackish dots or small

strigulae on costa; a dark fuscous spot on base of costa, and a smaller

one at +; an ochreous-grey spot on middle of costa; an ochreous-

grey inwardly oblique fascia from costa at ?, reaching } across wing,

contracted above middle, becoming pale ochreous in disc; a dark

fuscous oblique fasciate blotch from dorsum before middle reaching

half across wing, its upper extremity denticulate and connected

by an irregular streak with a dark fuscous spot on dorsum at

#; some blackish strigulae on upper part of termen: cilia whitish,

on upper part of termen suffused with dark grey, on costa barred

with dark fuscous. Hindwings grey-whitish, irregularly strigulated

_

12 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

with grey; cilia whitish. Forewings beneath suffused with reddish-

brown.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June (Parish); two

specimens.

Cnephasia incusa, n. sp.

3. 12 mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous tinged with

brownish, Palpi rather short, whitish, irrorated with blackish.

Antennal ciliations 14. Abdomen ochreous-grey-whitish. Fore-

wings elongate, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse, termen slightly

rounded, oblique; whitish-ochreous; a broad dark grey transverse

band, mixed with reddish-brown and blackish, anterior edge run-

ning from } of costa to beyond middle of dorsum, rather concave,

posterior edge from 8 of costa to ? of dorsum, slightly concave :

cilia whitish-ochreous. Hindwings ochreous-whitish, posteriorly

irregularly suffused with grey; cilia ochreous-whitish.

Cotompia, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May (Parish);

one specimen.

Amorbia helioxantha, n. sp.

Q. 24-26 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax deep purple-ferruginous,

palpi 243. Abdomen orange. Forewings oblong, costa towards

base very strongly arched and somewhat roughened with scales,

then almost straight, apex obtuse-pointed, termen almost vertical,

sinuate below apex, rounded beneath; ferruginous-brown, strigu-

lated with dark grey; markings formed by darker ferruginous-brown

suffusion, with purple gloss, very undefined, strewn with dark grey

strigulae and some small groups of bluish-grey scales; basal patch

hardly defined, edge very oblique; central fascia moderate, very

oblique; a triangular apical patch, its edge running from 2 of costa

to tornus, somewhat sinuate : cilia ochreous-brown, with ferruginous-

brown basal line. Hindwing deep orange; an apical spot of deep

ferruginous suffusion, strigulated with dark grey; cilia orange, tips

pale, round apex more or less suffused with deep ferruginous; costa

somewhat sinuate before prominent origin of cilia.

FrencH Guiana, R. Maroni; eleven specimens. A

single § from the same locality is probably the other sex

of this species; the costa of forewings is much less strongly

arched, with moderately strong fold from base to 2, the

hindwings dull light fulvous-ochreous, deeper posteriorly,

with similar dark apical spot.

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 13

Sparganothis illuminata, n. sp.

9. 20mm. Head, palpi, and thorax ferruginous-brownish, palpi

4. Abdomen orange. Forewings oblong, costa anteriorly strongly

arched, posteriorly nearly straight, apex obtuse, termen straight,

vertical; ferruginous-brown with silvery-iridescent-violet reflections,

strewn with transverse anastomosing greyish-ochreous striolae with

strigulae of dark fuscous scales adjoining them; two slightly sinuate

fine greyish-ochreous lines edged posteriorly with dark fuscous scales,

first from + of costa to 2 of dorsum, second from 3 of costa to tornus :

cilia brownish-ochreous, on termen with deep violet-ferruginous

basal line. Hindwings deep orange, towards apex and upper part

of termen coppery-tinged; cilia coppery tinged with fuscous.

Frencnw Guiana, R. Maroni; one specimen.

Sparganothis subacida, n. sp.

g. 15 mm.; 9. 22 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax greyish-

ochreous, slightly sprinkled with dark fuscous, palpi in 33, in 94.

Antennal ciliations of ¢ 1. Abdomen pale greyish-ochreous. Fore-

wings elongate-oblong, costa anteriorly in 3 strongly arched, slightly

bent over and roughened with scales to beyond middle, with more

marked subtriangular projection near base, in 2 very strongly

arched, posteriorly nearly straight, apex obtuse, termen slightly

sinuate, little oblique; brownish-ochreous, strewn with ferruginous-

brown strigulae ; some blackish strigulae on costa; in 9 a ferruginous-

brown spot on costa at +; costal patch elongate-triangular, ferru-

ginous-brown, in g marked with black, in Q narrowly produced

anteriorly to before middle of costa; a wedge-shaped ferruginous-

brown streak along apical part of termen, with some black scales :

cilia light brownish-ochreous, on termen with basal half ferruginous-

brown. Hindwings light dull fulvous, faintly darker-strigulated,

in ¢ rather broadly suffused with grey towards dorsum; cilia

whitish-ochreous.

Frencu Guiana, R. Maroni; two specimens.

Peronea sphenobathra, n. sp.

g. 15 mm. Head and thorax light greyish-ochreous sprinkled

with fuscous. Palpi 3, fuscous, somewhat mixed with pale greyish-

ochreous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, costa moderately

and evenly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen slightly rounded,

oblique; pale greyish-ochreous suffused with light brownish; a

wedge-shaped fuscous and grey blotch extending along basal fifth

14 Mr. E. Pyrick’s Descriptions of

of costa, reaching at base to dorsum; a dark leaden-grey apical

patch irregularly spotted with dark fuscous, its edge running from

before middle of costa to tornus, nearly straight ; a transverse ridge-

tuft on lower half of wing beyond middle, and another above

tornus; some small tufts at $ above middle and towards apex:

cilia grey, beneath tornus pale greyish-ochreous. Hindwings with

5 from middle of transverse vein; rather dark grey, lighter towards

base; cilia grey.

British Gutana, Bartica, in February (Parish); one

specimen. Two other examples from the same locality

are in all probability the same species, the characteristic

tufts being in the same position; in these the forewings are

wholly fuscous with slight greenish tinge, sprinkled with

dark fuscous, and more or fess largely suffused with dark

leaden-grey; in one of them there is a cloudy white dot

on costa beyond middle.

Peronea cuprata, n. sp.

°. 13 mm. Head and thorax light greyish, patagia tinged with

coppery. Palpi 2, grey irrorated with whitish. Abdomen grey.

Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa anteriorly slightly,

posteriorly moderately arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight,

little oblique; light brownish; a leaden-grey basal patch somewhat

sprinkled with blackish, especially on edge towards costa, edge

running from } of costa to 2 of dorsum, slightly sinuate; a broad

terminal patch of deep coppery-brown suffusion, mixed with purplish-

grey suffusion, towards apex with a somewhat oblique transverse

light greyish streak and some small spots round apical margin,

space between these mixed with blackish; small grey tufts at angles

of cell: cilia brownish irrorated with grey and grey-whitish. Hind-

wings with 5 from middle of transverse vein; dark grey; cilia

grey, with darker subbasal line.

British Gurana, Bartica, in January (Parish); one

specimen.

Peronea flexilineana, Walk.

British Gutana, Bartica, in April (Parish); ones peci-

men. An undoubted example of this widely distributed

Indo-Australian species, which has not been previously

recorded from America; it is probably attached to some

tree or shrub of cultivation.

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 15

EUCOSMIDAE.

Spilonota imminens, n. sp.

39. 11-13 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey irrorated with

whitish. Antennae in 3 with notch at }. Abdomen dark grey.

Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa slightly arched,

in f with strong fold from base to middle, apex obtuse, termen slightly

rounded, rather oblique; varying from light grey to pale brownish-

ochreous, more or less irrorated with whitish, with a few blackish

scales; some more or less developed oblique dark fuscous strigulae

from costa; in 3 costal half wholly suffused with dark grey from base

to 2 or ?: cilia rather dark grey. Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey,

with darker subbasal shade.

BritisH GutANA, Mallali, in March (Parish); nine

specimens.

Spilonota viridans, n. sp.

39. 12-13 mm. Head and palpi grey, pale-speckled. Antennae

in gd with notch at }. Thorax grey, sometimes tinged with greenish

or partially suffused with dark fuscous. Abdomen dark grey,

anal tuft in 3 grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, posteriorly

slightly dilated, costa gently arched, in $ with strong fold from base

to beyond middle, filled with whitish hairs, apex obtuse, termen

slightly rounded, somewhat oblique; grey suffused with dull greenish,

with scattered blackish scales and short variable marks; costa with

short oblique blackish marks; costal 3? from base to 3 in gj more or

less wholly suffused with dark fuscous, this area projecting down-

wards as an obtuse-triangular blotch marked with black crossing

fold beneath middle of wing, preceded by a light grey tuft on fold,

dorsal area beneath this more or less tinged or suffused with whitish,

in 2 the lower portion and black marks of this area appear as an

irregular median interrupted longitudinal band; a black longitudinal

median streak from cell to near termen, and some shorter black

longitudinal marks above and below this posteriorly; lateral

margins of ocellus obscurely indicated with leaden-metallic: cilia

grey sprinkled with whitish and obscurely barred with dark fuscous.

Hindwings with 3 and 4 stalked; dark grey, basal area subhyaline ;

cilia grey, with darker basal shade.

British Gurana, Bartica, December to February

(Parish); twenty-seven specimens.

16 Mr, E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

CROCIDOSEMA, Zell.

I had abandoned this genus, which, being originally

founded on the single species plebeiana, seemed to be

unnecessarily separated from Hucosma by a structure which

could be regarded as specific. As, however, I now describe

five other species undoubtedly allied to it and possessing

the same distinguishing peculiarity of structure (the erect

tuft at the base of hindwings in @), it becomes worth while

to restore the generic validity of the group, which is

evidently characteristic of South America, the wide dis-

tribution of pleberana being doubtless due to artificial

introduction. The interesting features of the genus would

be concealed if merged in the extensive and cosmopolitan

Eucosma.

Crocidosema roraria, n. sp.

39. 16-18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey. Abdomen in ¢

pale greyish-ochreous, basal half ochreous-whitish speckled with

black, in 2 light grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly somewhat

dilated, costa gently arched, in g with edge shortly folded over at

base and large erect tuft of scales beneath it, apex obtuse, termen

slightly sinuate in middle, somewhat oblique; pale greyish-ochreous,

in 3 sprinkled with fuscous and on costal half and towards termen

rather suffused with fuscous, in 2 with dorsal half suffused with dark

fuscous from near base onwards, posteriorly extending to near

costa; costa strigulated with dark fuscous, and on posterior half

with pairs of indistinct whitish strigulae, two distinct white strigulae

before apex followed by a small dark brown apical spot; in 2 a

quadrate whitish blotch on dorsum beyond middle more or less

apparent; ocellus narrow, speckled with whitish, margined laterally

by leaden-metallic streaks reaching more than half across wing and

above by some more or less developed irregular blackish markings,

its apex connected with that of dorsal postmedian blotch by an

oblique grey-whitish streak cutting off between them a triangular

dark fuscous dorsal blotch, in 3 less clearly indicated: cilia grey

irrorated with whitish and blackish, towards tornus whitish. Hind-

wings grey-whitish, in towards dorsum speckled with black, lower

margin of cell black, tuft rather short but extending nearly to vein 2,

ochreous-whitish, at base black, in Q suffused with grey towards

termen; cilia whitish, with light grey subbasal line.

Peru, Matucana, 7780 feet, in July (Parish); six

specimens (1 3, 59). ry

|

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 17

Crocidosema cosmoptila, n. sp.

3. 17 mm. Head and thorax grey mixed with blackish. (Palpi

broken.) Abdomen mostly black (partly defaced), towards apex pale

ochreous. Forewings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa

gently arched, with narrow fold from base to near middle and rough

scales beneath it basally, apex obtuse, termen slightly sinuate in

middle, somewhat oblique; grey, mixed with whitish and suffused

with dull greenish, on costal 2 dark violet-grey; costa blackish, on

posterior half with five pairs of whitish strigulae; basal patch

suffused with blackish, undefined, cut by an irregular suffused white

median streak from base, running into a large trapezoidal median

dorsal whitish blotch whose upper portion projects posteriorly so as

almost to reach ocellus; ocellus margined laterally by silvery-metallic

streaks and limited above by a curved irregular outwardly oblique

black streak, internally speckled with white and containing two

black dots: cilia grey sprinkled with blackish (imperfect). Hind-

wings dark grey, paler and thinly scaled in cell, veins dark fuscous ;

tuft long, grey, posteriorly whitish, projecting downwards over an

ochreous-yellow space surrounded with a few scattered black scales ;

cilia grey.

ARGENTINA, R. Parana, in April; one specimen.

Crocidosema impendens, n. sp.

36 2. 16-17 mm. Head whity-brownish, crown in ¢ sometimes

suffused with dark grey. Palpi whitish. Thorax ochreous-whitish,

somewhat strigulated with dark fuscous, or in ¢ anteriorly and

dorsally suffused with dark grey. Abdomen whitish-grey. Fore-

wings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa gently arched,

in g without fold, apex obtuse, termen slightly rounded, faintly

sinuate in middle, somewhat oblique; pale brownish-ochreous; in

3 a basal patch of dark fuscous suffusion extended on costal half

almost to apex, on dorsal half reaching to 2 and followed by an

ochreous-whitish quadrate dorsal blotch; in 2 whole wing longi-

tudinally streaked with dark fuscous suffusion on veins, most

strongly subdorsally, costal and dorsal edges strigulated with

dark fuscous; ocellus laterally margined with indistinct silvery-

metallic streaks, containing three or four undefined black dots near

posterior edge: cilia whitish-ochreous somewhat mixed with dark

fuscous above middle and on base of lower part of termen, on

costa and a sul tornal spot dark fuscous. Hindwings whitish-grey

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PaRTI. (NOV.) Cc

-

18 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

strigulated with grey; tuft in ¢ large, dense, ochreous-whitish,

basally suffused with fuscous; cilia whitish, with grey basal line.

Ecuapor, Alausi, 9450 feet, in June (Parish); three

specimens.

Crocidosema callida, n. sp.

6: 17 mm. Head and palpi dark grey, collar paler. Thorax

greyish-ochreous, anteriorly and centrally suffused with dark

purplish-fuscous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, posteriorly

rather dilated, costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse, ter-

men slightly sinuate in middle, little oblique; fuscous suffused with

purplish-grey; basal patch suffused with dark purplish-fuscous,

extending on costa to middle and on dorsum to 2, followed by a

quadrate whitish dorsal blotch; posterior half of costa with five

pairs of oblique whitish strigulae, last more distinct and followed by

a small dark fuscous apical spot; ocellus filled with white irroration,

margined laterally with silvery-metallic streaks, and limited above

by an outwardly oblique curved blackish-fuscous streak : cilia dark

grey with rows of whitish points. Hindwings pale grey, veins and

termen suffused with darker grey; tuft somewhat shorter and more

extended towards dorsum than in plebeiana, grey-whitish, towards

base suffused with blackish; cilia grey, with dark grey basal line.

Perv, Chosica, 2800 feet, in July (Parish); one specimen.

Crocidosema ptiladelpha, n. sp.

6. 13-14 mm. Head grey, face and palpi whitish. Thorax

dark grey. Abdomen grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings elongate,

costa gently arched, without fold but with a tuft of scales near base,

apex obtuse, termen sinuate, somewhat oblique; grey, sometimes

tinged with whitish-ochreous in disc posteriorly; basal patch dark

fuscous, extending on costa to 4 and on dorsum to middle, edge

obtusely angulated in middle, costal tuft grey or grey-whitish; a

subquadrate whitish blotch on dorsum beyond this, posteriorly

suffused; four or five indistinct pairs of whitish strigulae on costa

posteriorly, with obscure oblique leaden strigae running from them,

a more distinct pair of white strigulae before apex; ocellus whitish,

margined laterally with silvery-metallic streaks, enclosing three or

four linear black dots, and preceded by some ochreous tinge, with

a black subdorsal dash: cilia whitish, speckled with blackish ex-

cept on tornus. Hindwings grey-whitish, veins and terminal area

suffused with grey, anteriorly semihyaline; tuft large, extending to

basal portion of dorsum, ochreous-grey-whitish, with a spot of grey

suffusion anteriorly ; cilia grey-whitish, with faint grey subbasal line.

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 19

9. 14-15 mm. Differs from ¢ as follows: head mostly ochreous ;

palpi whitish, second joint suffused with grey towards apex; thorax

pale ochreous, partially mixed with grey; forewings greyish-

ochreous, paler or whitish-tinged anteriorly, sometimes strigulated

with fuscous; lower half of basal patch more or less mixed with

dark fuscous, remainder obsolete; dorsal whitish blotch obsolete ;

other markings as in ¢: cilia suffused with pale ochreous.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June; Peru, Chosica,

2800 feet, and Lima, 500 feet, in July and August (Parish) ;

forty-five specimens. The ¢ is easily distinguished from

plebeiana by the costal tuft, dark thorax and basal patch ;

but the 9, which differs much in appearance from the g.

would sometimes be very similar to obscurely marked

forms of that species. I have not, however, yet received

plebeiana from South America.

Eucosma procellosa, n. sp.

39. 10-1lmm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey, more or less irro-

rated or suffused with ochreous-grey-whitish, palpi moderate, sub-

ascending, shortly rough-scaled. Abdomen pale greyish-ochreous.

Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated, costa slightly

arched, in ¢ without fold, apex obtuse, termen slightly sinuate,

little oblique; dark fuscous irrorated with whitish; costa on

posterior half with five pairs of strigulae of whitish irroration,

first and third pairs emitting very oblique blue-leaden strigae,

second of these running to termen beneath apex, others with short

blue-leaden marks; a very undefined oblique patch of whitish

suffusion or strigulation from middle of dorsum reaching half across

wing, sometimes little indicated; ocellus margined laterally by

erect thick leaden-metallic streaks, and enclosing three black dots :

cilia fuscous, with dark fuscous basal line edged by whitish suffusion.

Hindwings with 3 and 4 stalked; whitish-grey, veins and a suffused

terminal band fuscous; cilia whitish-grey, with darker basal shade.

Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, and Lima, 500 feet, in July

and August (Parish); forty-two specimens.

Eucosma evidens, n. sp.

39. 12-15 mm. Head whitish-ochreous, forehead and collar

sometimes spotted with fuscous. Palpi porrected, second joint

broadly rough-scaled, whitish-ochreous, more or less wholly suffused

with fuscous except on a median blotch on upper portion, terminal

joint fuscous. Thorax dark fuscous, posterior extremity whitish-

-

20 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

ochreous, patagia more or less suffused with whitish-ochreous.

Abdomen fuscous. Forewings elongate, posteriorly slightly dilated,

costa gently arched, in 3 without fold, apex obtuse, termen slightly

sinuate, little oblique; brown, more or less strigulated with dark

fuscous; dorsal area more or less suffused with dark fuscous, with

some indistinct whitish transverse strigulation towards base, and a

postmedian subquadrate blotch formed of four subconfluent whitish

strigae not reaching half across wing; costa dark fuscous obscurely

strigulated with whitish suffusion, posteriorly with more distinct

paired white strigulae, whence arise violet-leaden oblique strigae,

two beyond middle running respectively to anterior margin of ocellus

and termen above middle; ocellus margined laterally by thick

leaden-metallic streaks reaching more than half across wing and

closed above by a curved black streak, internally blackish closely

speckled with white : cilia on upper part of termen blackish speckled

with whitish, on lower part ochreous-whitish. Hindwings with 3

and 4 stalked; rather dark grey; cilia grey.

British Gurana, Bartica and Mallali, from December

to March (Parish); DurcuH Gutana, Paramaribo; CUBA,

Holguin; twenty-two specimens.

Eucosma operta, n. sp.

3. 11 mm. Head and thorax grey. Palpi whitish, second joint

with fuscous median spot and apical band. Abdomen fuscous.

Forewings elongate, posteriorly rather dilated, costa gently arched,

with moderate fold from base to beyond middle, apex obtuse, termen

hardly sinuate, nearly vertical; brownish-grey; basal ? obscurely

strigulated with dark fuscous ; a dark brown triangular blotch extend-

ing over posterior half of costa, its apex reaching to lower angle of

cell, marked with an irregular blackish longitudinal streak across its

middle, a blackish longitudinal mark on its margin above ocellus,

and on costa with four pairs of indistinct whitish strigulae whence

rise faint oblique violet-leaden strigae; ocellus margined laterally

by thick silvery-metallic streaks, anterior triangularly dilated

upwards to adjoin costal blotch, internally crossed by five fine

blackish dashes separated with whitish: cilia rather dark fuscous

finely sprinkled with whitish, towards tornus greyish. Hindwings

with 3 and 4 stalked; rather dark fuscous, near base thinly sealed ;

cilia grey, with darker subbasal shade.

British Gurana, Bartica, in December (Parish); one

specimen.

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 21

Eucosma religiosa, n. sp.

g- 12mm. Head white, sides of crown crimson-fuscous. Palpi

subascending, white, second joint fuscous except rough anterior

scales. Thorax white, patagia with a crimson-fuscous bar. Abdo-

men grey, anal tuft grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, posteriorly

dilated, costa gently arched, without fold, apex very obtuse, termen

somewhat prominent, slightly rounded; fuscous suffused with dull

crimson, mixed with blackish in disc; a broad ochreous-whitish

dorsal band occupying nearly half of wing, upper edge very irregular ;

costal edge blackish with pairs of whitish strigulae, a violet-leaden

striga from 2 of costa to termen below apex; ocellus limited beneath

and posteriorly by short silvery-metallic streaks not united, contain-

ing three short black marks partially surrounded by whitish : cilia

whitish, on upper part of termen with reddish-fuscous subbasal line,

on tornus spotted with reddish. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate;

rather dark grey; cilia grey, with darker subbasal shade.

British Gurana, Bartica, in January (Parish); one

specimen.

Eucosma atricapilla, n. sp.

9. 12 mm. Head, palpi, collar, and shoulders dark fuscous,

thorax otherwise ochreous-whitish, palpi ascending, shortly scaled.

Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate-oblong, costa towards

base rather strongly arched, then nearly straight, apex obtuse,

termen hardly sinuate, nearly vertical; pale pinkish-ochreous,

somewhat suffused with whitish anteriorly, and strigulated with

violet-grey; a large rounded-triangular dark fuscous blotch on

dorsum slightly before middle, reaching more than half across wing ;

an oblique ferruginous spot on middle of costa, whence a line of very

fine transverse black and white striolation runs to near termen

beneath apex, thence downwards to middle of termen, closely

followed on subcostal portion by a very fine violet line; costa

beyond this with three small deep ferruginous marks separated by

white strigulae, and then a wedge-shaped deep ferruginous spot

occupying apical portion and cut transversely in middle by a dark

leaden mark: cilia pale ochreous, with interrupted violet-grey

basal line, round apex dark brown with blackish basal line. Hind-

wings with 3 and 4 connate; dark grey; cilia grey, tinged with

whitish towards tips.

British Gurana, Bartica, in February (Parish); one

specimen.

22 Mr. E. Wrecks Descriptions of

Eucosma digna, n. sp.

3. 11-12 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax fulvous, palpi ascending,

shortly scaled. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate, pos-

teriorly somewhat dilated, costa gently arched, without fold, apex

obtuse, termen nearly straight, almost vertical; fulvous, irregularly

reticulated with rather dark violet-fuscous, costal area on posterior

half suffused with deep ferruginous; costa strigulated with blackish,

and on posterior % with whitish; an irregular blackish line, angu-

lated in middle and suffused with deep ferruginous, from 4 of costa

to = of dorsum; a slender oblique blackish streak from middle of

costa reaching nearly half across wing, somewhat angulated near

its extremity, with a fine acute projection from angle posteriorly,

followed by two small black marks; a short oblique blue-leaden

striga running to termen below apex, finely edged with ochreous-

whitish beneath; ocellus limited beneath by a leaden dash and

posteriorly by a leaden-metallic streak edged externally with

ochreous-white, and enclosing three strong black dots: cilia fulvous,

on termen with a leaden line, on tornus spotted with dark grey at

base. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate or short-stalked; dark

fuscous; cilia grey, with darker subbasal shade.

British GuraNna, Bartica, in- December (Parish); two

specimens.

Eucosma ortygia, n. sp.

39. 17-18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax whitish-ochreous

variably spotted or suffused with reddish-fuscous, palpi ascending,

shortly rough-scaled. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate,

posteriorly dilated, costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse,

termen straight, nearly vertical; whitish-ochreous strigulated with

reddish-fuscous mixed with dark fuscous, towards costa and pos-

teriorly or sometimes wholly suffused with ochreous-brown; costa

strigulated with blackish and posteriorly with whitish; short

violet-leaden marks from posterior pairs of whitish strigulae, and

a striga from % of costa to termen beneath apex; ocellus limited

beneath by a dark fuscous dash and posteriorly by a thick leaden-

metallic streak edged externally with ochreous-whitish, containing

three strong black dots or short dashes: cilia whitish-ochreous with

reddish-brown line, broken up on tornus. Hindwings with 3 and 4

connate; dark fuscous; cilia grey, tinged with whitish towards

tips, with darker subbasal shade.

British Gurana, Bartica and Mallali, from December

to March (Parish); eleven specimens. The allied species

transferrana, Walk. (= descriptana, Walk. = vincentaha,

=f

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 23

Wals.), metaspilana, Walk., and lewcomesana, Walk., were

all received from Bartica in good series.

Eucosma prudens, n. sp.

39. 15mm. Head in 3 ochreous-whitish somewhat spotted with

dark fuscous, in 2 ochreous spotted or almost wholly suffused with

dark fuscous. Palpi subascending, shortly rough-scaled, whitish,

second joint suffused with reddish-fuscous except towards apex,

base of terminal joint dark fuscous. Thorax whitish more or less

mixed or suffused with fuscous, anterior fourth dark fuscous. Abdo-

men dark grey, anal tuft in g grey-whitish. Forewings elongate,

posteriorly dilated, costa gently arched, without fold, apex obtuse,

termen somewhat sinuate, vertical; fuscous, sprinkled with dark

fuscous and blackish, in ¢ irregularly mixed and suffusedly striated

with whitish, dorsal half in 9 suffusedly striated with violet-leaden-

grey; costa marked with pairs of whitish strigulae, and small

blackish spots between these; edge of basal patch indicated by

an irregular dark fuscous streak, angulated in middle, across fold

with a blackish mark edged posteriorly with white; central fascia

very irregular, oblique, dark fuscous, suffused, only distinct on costa ;

four blue-leaden oblique marks from pairs of costal whitish strigulae

posteriorly, second running as a striga to termen beneath apex, edged

beneath with white posteriorly, others short; termen narrowly

fulvous-brown, with a fine oblique white strigula before apex;

ocellus limited beneath by a whitish line and posteriorly by a

leaden-metallic streak edged externally with white, and enclosing

two black dots: cilia whitish, greyish towards tips on termen, with

a leaden subbasal line broken on tornus. Hindwings with 3 and 4

connate; dark grey; cilia grey-whitish, with grey subbasal line.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); three specimens.

Polychrosis arenacea, n. sp.

6 9. 11-18 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax ochreous-whitish or

whitish-ochreous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft of ¢ grey-whitish.

Forewings elongate, posteriorly somewhat dilated, costa gently

arched, apex obtuse, termen nearly straight, rather oblique; pale

ochreous or whitish-ochreous; costa with whitish strigulae, more or

less sprinkled with blackish between them; dorsal edge with very

small blackish strigulae; a more or less developed blotch of darker

suffusion about fold indicating angle of basal patch; an oblique rather

narrow deeper ochreous or brownish fascia from middle of costa

reaching half across wing, and some undefined suffusion towards

24 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

dorsum beyond middle, seldom forming a distinct transverse blotch ;

sometimes a patch of blackish irroration on costa beyond this, or an

oblique streak of blackish irroration from above middle of disc to

dorsum before tornus, or more undefined blackish irroration towards

dorsum generally and across wing beyond middle, all very variable

and sometimes wholly absent; a deeper ochreous or brownish

transverse spot on tornus, and a wedge-shaped upwards-oblique

streak from middle of termen, both often very faint; a slender

streak of fine blackish transverse striation along termen: cilia

whitish or whitish-ochreous, with ochreous subbasal shade. Hind-

wings grey-whitish, thinly-scaled, veins and termen suffused with

grey; cilia whitish, with faint grey subbasal line.

Ecuapor, Duran, low swampy country, in June (Parish) ;

twenty-three specimens. Varies remarkably, but easy of

recognition.

Polychrosis oxymochla, n. sp.

39. 12-14 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark grey. Abdomen

pale grey, anal tuft of ¢ grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, pos-

teriorly rather dilated, costa gently arched, apex obtuse, termen

almost straight, rather oblique; dark fuscous finely speckled with

whitish, variable in development; costa strigulated with blackish-

fuscous, with some small spots; basal patch dark grey, edge blackish-

fuscous, angulated in middle, often interrupted above angle, some-

times followed by a fascia of grey-whitish suffusion; an oblique

rather narrow blackish-fuscous fascia from before middle of

costa, reaching more than half across wing, extremity pointed; a

quadrate blackish-fuscous blotch on dorsum before middle; a

moderate blackish-fuscous fascia from below middle of termen

obliquely upwards towards # of costa but not reaching it: cilia

rather dark fuscous speckled with whitish, with blackish-fuscous

subbasal line. Hindwings grey, lighter towards base, veins and

termen darker-suffused ; cilia pale grey, with dark grey subbasal line.

Perv, Lima, in August (Parish); twenty-eight speci-

mens. Varies considerably in distinctness of markings;

nearly allied to the preceding, notwithstanding difference

of colouring.

Bactra seria, 0. sp.

3. 18-21 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax pale brownish-ochreous,

palpi 3. Antennal ciliations ?. Abdomen light grey, anal tuft pale

greyish-ochreous. Forewings elongate, rather narrow anteriorly,

posteriorly rather dilated, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 25

pointed, termen faintly sinuate, rather oblique; whitish-ochreous

tinged with brownish, tending to be marked with fine fuscous lines

on veins, and fine brownish lines between veins; costa obliquely

strigulated with brownish and fuscous; dorsal edge with a series of

cloudy dark fuscous dots or marks; some dark fuscous irroration

towards lower margin of cell, tending to form dark fuscous lines on

veins, with a more or less developed irregular dark fuscous spot at

4, and one or two cloudy dark fuscous marks on end of cell; a

more or less developed triangular spot of fuscous suffusion on

termen beneath apex: cilia whitish-ochreous suffused with grey,

with obscure dark grey bars. Hindwings whitish-grey or light grey,

somewhat darker posteriorly; cilia grey-whitish, with grey subbasal

line.

Peru, Aqualani; three specimens.

Argyroploce faceta, n. sp.

32. 13-14 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax fuscous-whitish suf-

fusedly spotted or marbled with red-brown. Abdomen dark grey,

anal tuft of 3 grey-whitish. Forewings rather elongate-triangular,

costa moderately arched, somewhat bent beyond middle, apex

rounded, termen rounded, somewhat oblique; ochreous-whitish to

light ochreous-brownish, irregularly strigulated with brown-reddish

and leaden-grey; basal patch and central fascia coarsely strigulated

with black but very indefinite, on costa suffused with dark red-

brown, edge of basal patch irregular, somewhat curved, central

fascia broadening downwards, rather oblique; beyond central fascia

a very irregular blue-leaden stria; posterior half of costa black with

white strigulae, whence rise short blue-leaden marks, and a sinuate

blue-leaden striga from 2 of costa running to termen beneath apex,

subcostal area round these deep fulvous or ferruginous; beneath

this a curved dark red-brown fasciate patch crossed by black lines

on veins extending to near termen below middle, its lower extremity

followed by a blue-leaden terminal mark; a very fine black terminal

line: cilia pale red-brownish, deeper towards base, spotted with

leaden-grey. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate; _blackish-grey;

cilia grey, with dark grey subbasal shade.

British Gurana, Bartica, from January to April

(Parish); five specimens.

Argyroploce cataphracta, n. sp.

3 9. 14-15 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax dark fuscous, head

tinged with crimson. Abdomen dark grey. Posterior tibiae in ¢

26 Mr. E. rick’s Descriptions of

clothed with long dense whitish hairs above. Forewings suboblong,

rather broad, costa anteriorly strongly, posteriorly slightly arched,

apex rounded, termen rounded, slightly oblique; dark crimson.

fuscous; basal patch, lower half of central fascia, and an irregular

patch above tornus marbled with dark blue-leaden; a whitish-

ochreous elongate-triangular patch extending over posterior half

of costa, more ochreous towards costa, anterior side longest, marked

with an iridescent-violet-silvery streak dilated downwards, costal

edge deep ferruginous with five pairs of oblique white strigulae, a

blue-leaden striga running from fourth pair obliquely across apex,

apex suffused with deep ferruginous round this; a very fine black

terminal line, partly edged with silvery anteriorly: cilia leaden-

grey, basal half deep ferruginous except towards tornus. Hindwings

with 3 and 4 connate; dark grey; cilia grey, with dark grey basal

shade; dorsal edge in ¢ thickened and rather contorted, with long

cilia.

British Guiana, Bartica, from December to February

(Parish); seventeen specimens.

Argyroploce cymotoma, n. sp.

32. 13-14 mm. Head whity-brownish, sides marked with dark

red-brown. Palpi whitish, second joint suffused on lower part with

grey, on upper part with red-brown marked with black. Thorax

whitish mixed with grey and irregularly spotted with dark red-brown,

sometimes much suffused with dark fuscous. Abdomen dark grey,

anal tuft of ¢ grey-whitish. Forewings elongate, posteriorly dilated,

costa moderately arched, apex rounded-obtuse, termen rounded,

nearly vertical ; red-brownish ; basal patch mixed and strigulated with

white, spotted with black on its lower portion, suffused with fuscous

on dorsum, marked posteriorly on costa with a dark red-brown

blotch; beyond this a somewhat angulated fascia of white striation,

on costa forming a more conspicuous white blotch, followed on

costa by a dark red-brown blotch, narrow on costa and produced

posteriorly into a long acute prominence beneath costa, and on

dorsum by a triangular brown blotch edged with white; costa

posteriorly dark red-brown with pairs of whitish strigulae, with

more or less orange suffusion beneath these, and a sinuate blue-

leaden striga running from edge of costal blotch to termen beneath

apex, edged beneath with whitish posteriorly; ocellus narrow,

whitish-speckled, containing three black marks and _ enclosed

laterally by broad erect spots of pale purplish iridescence: cilia

red-brownish, on termen darker towards base. Hindwings with

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 27

3 and 4 connate, 5 very closely approximated; dark grey; cilia

grey, with darker subbasal shade.

British Gurana, Bartica, in January and February

(Parish); five specimens. Allied to albimacula, Wals.

Argyroploce nomaea, n. sp.

3 9. 9-10 mm. Head, palpi, thorax, and abdomen dark leaden-

grey. Forewings elongate-triangular, costa gently arched, apex

obtuse, termen rounded, little oblique; dark leaden-grey; markings

blackish-fuscous; small spots along costa, separated by groups of

two or three very fine indistinct whitish strigulae; some scattered

marks and strigulae on basal area; an irregular streak from } of

costa to 4 of dorsum, sharply angulated in disc; central fascia

narrow, oblique, nearly straight or slightly curved, in one specimen

thicker on lower half; ocellus containing three black dots, and closed

above by a rounded-triangular blotch : cilia grey, with dark fuscous

subbasal line. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate; dark fuscous;

cilia whitish-grey, with dark fuscous subbasal line.

British GuIANA, Bartica, from December to February

(Parish); six specimens.

Argyroploce cycladica, n. sp.

g- 12 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax grey, patagia terminating

in expansible tufts of broad scales. Abdomen dark grey. Fore-

wings elongate, posteriorly dilated, costa gently arched, apex

obtuse, termen rounded, nearly vertical; grey, mostly suffused

with glossy blue-leaden between the markings; markings blackish-

fuscous, finely edged with white laterally and above; some small

marks and spots along costa; an irregular subcostal streak from

base to 4; a large rounded blotch extending on dorsum from near

base to middle, and reaching more than half across wing; a smaller

rounded praetornal blotch, not reaching half across wing; an

irregular rather thick bisinuate streak from above middle of disc

to near termen above middle: cilia grey, on termen with blackish

basal line. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate; dark fuscous; cilia

whitish-grey, with dark fuscous subbasal line; dorsum with a short

much thickened lobe clothed with scales.

British Guiana, Bartica, in December (Parish); one

specimen. ,

28 Mr. EK. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

Argyroploce platyzona, n. sp.

3. 16mm. Head, palpi, and thorax blackish-fuscous. Abdomen

dark grey. Forewings suboblong, moderately broad, costa moder-

ately arched, apex obtuse, termen rounded, little oblique; rosy-

ochreous, slightly sprinkled with dark fuscous on veins posteriorly ;

costa with small blackish marks edged with whitish; basal patch

blackish-fuscous, edge nearly straight, space between this and cen-

tral fascia suffused with ochreous-whitish, of even width; central

fascia blackish-fuscous, moderate on costa, becoming very broad

downwards, anterior edge straight, posterior evenly curved, finely

edged with whitish; a fine black whitish-edged streak along upper

part of termen, with a strong oblong projection inwards beneath

apex; a few leaden-grey strigulae in region of ocellus: cilia dark

grey with blackish basal line, with light rosy-ochreous tornal patch.

Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate; dark grey; cilia grey, with darker

basal line.

Frencu Guiana, R. Maroni; one specimen.

Argyroploce impolita, n. sp.

3. 24mm. Head, palpi, and thorax rather dark brownish, tinged

with reddish, especially on patagia. Abdomen grey. Forewings

rather elongate-triangular, moderate, costa moderately arched, apex

obtuse, termen hardly sinuate, little oblique; rather dark brownish

marbled with bluish-leaden on basal half; basal patch edged with

a suffused dark fuscous streak, obtusely angulated on fold; two

pairs of whitish strigulae on costa between this and central fascia,

and a blotch of whitish suffusion beneath these; central fascia

broad throughout, dark fuscous, oblique, followed on upper portion

by orange-ochreous suffusion more extended posteriorly beneath

costa, and on tornal area by a patch of whitish suffusion; costa

posteriorly dark fuscous, with pairs of indistinct whitish strigulae ;

apical area ochreous-brownish: cilia fuscous, on tornus mixed

with whitish. Hindwings with 3 and 4 connate; grey; cilia grey,

towards tips whitish-tinged.

CotomsB1A, San Antonio, 5800 feet, in November; one

specimen.

GELECHIADAE.

ANOMOXENA, 0. g.

Head smooth; ocelli absent; tongue developed. Antennae 3,

in ¢ simple, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 29

long, recurved, second joint thickened with whorls of scales roughly

projecting beneath or with whorls forming separate acute projecting

teeth of scales, terminal joint as long as second or somewhat shorter,

slightly thickened with scales, acute. Maxillary palpi minute,

filiform, appressed to tongue. Posterior tibiae clothed with rough

projecting hairs above and beneath. Forewings with 16 furcate,

2 from angle, 2-5 parallel, transverse vein very oblique outwards

from 2 to 5, faint between 5 and 6, 6 and 7 stalked, 7 to costa, 8

separate, approximated to 6 at base, 11 from.mear middle. Hind-

wings 2, narrow-trapezoidal, apex acute, more or less strongly pro-

duced, termen emarginate beneath apex, cilia 4; 2 remote, 3 and 4

nearly parallel, 4 from angle, 4 and 5 somewhat approximated, 6

and 7 approximated at base.

Type spinigera. A remarkable genus, differing from the

whole of the family in having vein 8 of the forewings

separate instead of stalked with 7; the structure is un-

questionable, since all the veins are present, and is alike in

both species. Nor can there be any question that the genus

belongs to this family, and to the most advanced type of

it, since the highly characteristic hindwings (similar to

those of Aristotelia) are found in no other. The genus must

be supposed to have arisen from Aristotelia or a form of

similar structure, and the peculiarity of neuration can be

explained by the reduction and eventual absorption of

the stalk of 7 and 8 and apparently in this way only.

I regard it therefore as a proved instance of a struc-

tural change which is certainly rare, and would usually be

difficult of demonstration.

Anomoxena spinigera, Nl. sp.

32.10 mm. Head ochreous-whitish, crown with a few dark

fuscous specks. Palpi white, second joint with eight rather long fine

whorl-teeth edged with black above, terminal joint with black rings

near base and above middle. Antennae white ringed with black,

towards apex with several narrow grey black-dotted bands separated

by single white rings. Thorax ochreous-whitish, dorsally finely

striated transversely with blackish. Abdomen _blackish-grey.

Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate; pale ochreous irregularly

irrorated with blackish; an inwardly oblique slender fascia of

blackish suffusion from costa at 3, not or scarcely reaching dorsum ;

costal area from this to apex fulvous, without dark irroration, with

four oblique fine wedge-shaped pale ochreous streaks posteriorly

edged with black: cilia grey, round apex whitish with three curved

_

30 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

dark grey lines and.a straight rather oblique black bar at base.

Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey.

Cotompia, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May (Parish);

three specimens.

Anomoxena tetraxoa, n. sp.

3 @. 8mm. Head and thorax whitish-ochreous with a few dark

fuscous specks. Palpi white, second joint with four confused whorls

towards apex roughly projecting beneath, irrorated with dark fuscous

on these, terminal joint with basal and median rings of dark fuscous

irroration. Antennae white ringed with dark grey, towards apex

with bands of two dark rings separated by single white rings. Ab-

domen grey. Forewings narrow-lanceolate ; light ochreous irrorated

with dark fuscous; a slender irregular inwardly oblique fascia of

blackish suffusion from % of costa, and undefined blotches at tornus

and apex; costal area posteriorly narrowly orange, with four short

slender oblique pale greyish-ochreous streaks edged posteriorly

with blackish: cilia light grey, round apex speckled with black,

with a rather oblique straight black basal line across apex. Hind-

wings and cilia light grey.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June (Parish); four

specimens.

Aristotelia aulonota, n. sp.

39. 7-9 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-white, patagia dark

fuscous. Palpi white, basal 2 of second joint dark fuscous. Abdo-

men grey, apex whitish. forewings elongate-lanceolate; 7 and 8

out of 6; dark fuscous, slightly pale-freckled except on edge of

dorsal streak; a rather broad whitish-ochreous streak along dorsum

from base to beyond tornus, posteriorly pointed, upper edge with

two or three slight irregular prominences; a small whitish-ochreous

spot on costa at #: cilia fuscous, blackish-sprinkled, towards tornus

ochreous-whitish. Hindwings light grey, in g with expansible pencil

of long ochreous-whitish hairs from costa near base; cilia grey-

whitish.

Ecuapor, Duran, low country, in June (Parish); three

specimens.

Aristotelia plumata, n. sp.

3. 10-11 mm. Head and thorax glossy grey or dark grey.

Palpi dark fuscous, very finely lined with white irroration, terminal

joint longer than second. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate,

—_--- i

South American M icro-Lepidoptera. 31

narrow, costa moderately arched, apex pointed, termen extremely

obliquely rounded; 6 separate; grey, sprinkled with blackish and

tinged here and there with whitish ; plical and second discal stigmata

moderate, ochreous, edged with black marks above and beneath,

first discal small, black, obliquely beyond plical; thick cloudy

ferruginous-blackish oblique fasciate bars from costa at 4, $, middle,

and 2, reaching about half across wing, second terminated by plical

stigma, third shorter but with a more oblique projection reaching

to apex of fourth, both these terminated by second discal stigma,

fourth being little oblique; a cloudy darker spot on tornus; an

irregular blackish praeapical blotch: cilia light greyish, with two

blackish lines. Hindwings grey; cilia light grey; in g with two

or three expansible enormously enlarged shuttle-shaped pearly

scales (+ length of wing) from towards base lying along costa above,

and a very large elongate chitinous process projecting obliquely

from costa near base, beneath black and concave to receive a fine

pencil of long hairs, partially covered beneath by a fringe of much

enlarged flat pearly prismatic scales, the remainder covered by a

fringe of very long scales projecting downwards from beneath costa

of forewings on basal 3.

British Guiana, Bartica, in December and January

(Parish); eight specimens. The curious and exception-

ally complex apparatus for protecting the scent-producing

hairpencil of the hindwings suggests that the perfume is

in this species unusually volatile and precious.

Aristotelia erycina, n. sp.

32. 9-10 mm. Head whitish-ochreous, sometimes sprinkled

with fuscous. Palpi ochreous-whitish, second and terminal joints

each with two dark fuscous bands. Thorax pale greyish-ochreous

sprinkled with dark fuscous. Abdomen whitish-ochreous more

or less suffused with grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa

slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen extremely obliquely

rounded; 6 separate; pale greyish, suffusedly irrorated with dark

fuscous, irregularly tinged and spotted with light rose-pink; a very

oblique suffused blackish streak across fold about }, and an oblique

blackish streak from costa to plical stigma, space between these

and towards dorsum anteriorly sometimes suffused with pale ochre-

ous; stigmata black, rather elongate, plical obliquely before first

discal; two or three small pale marks on costa towards apex; a

more or less developed longitudinal blackish streak from second

discal stigma: cilia pale greyish, with blackish subbasal line round

apex interrupted with pale rosy-tinged spots on tornus, and dark

32 Mr. E. Pics Descriptions of

grey postmedian shade. Hindwings grey, in 3 with a streak of very

fine blackish-grey striation along submedian groove; cilia light grey.

Forewings in 3 beneath with costal edge slightly reflexed and rough-

ened from near base to %, with a more or less developed patch of

pale ochreous towards this anteriorly, rest of wing suffused with

rather dark fuscous. Hindwings in ¢ beneath greyish-ochreous,

suffused with rather dark fuscous towards costa posteriorly, and

with a streak of very fine blackish striation along submedian groove

as above.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June; Perv, Chosica,

2800 feet, in July (Parish); twenty-five specimens.

Aristotelia cytheraea, n. sp.

39. 8-10 mm. Head pale greyish-ochreous. Palpi ochreous-

whitish, second and terminal joints each with two dark fuscous

bands. Thorax pale greyish-ochreous sprinkled with dark fuscous.

Abdomen grey, anal tuft of 3 whitish-ochreous. Forewings elongate,

narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen extremely

obliquely rounded; 6 separate; pale greyish-ochreous suffusedly

irrorated with dark fuscous, more or less tinged with rosy-crimson,

especially posteriorly; stigmata strong, blackish, somewhat elon-

gate, more or less accompanied with spots of yellow-ochreous suffusion

beneath and second discal also above, plical obliquely before first

discal, an oblique suffused dark fuscous streak from costa to plical ;

two small pale spots on costa at 3: cilia pale ochreous, with blackish

subbasal line interrupted on tornus with pale sometimes rosy-tinged

spots and grey postmedian shade, towards tornus greyish-tinged.

Hindwings grey; in ¢ with expansible fringe of long grey-whitish

hairs from costa near base; cilia light grey. Forewings in 3 with

costal edge on anterior half ochreous-whitish and folded over

beneath.

CotomBiaA, Cali, 500 feet, in May (Parish); thirty

specimens.

Aristotelia cynthia, n. sp.

3 2. 10-12 mm. Head whitish-ochreous. Palpi whitish, second

and terminal joints each with base and two bands irrorated with dark

fuscous. Thorax pale ochreous irrorated with dark fuscous. Abdo-

men grey, anal tuft of 3 pale ochreous. Forewings elongate, narrow,

costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely

rounded; 6 separate; white irrorated with dark fuscous, dorsal

half suffused with grey and partially mixed with ochreous; broad

Pal

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 33

blackish-fuscous oblique bars from costa at 4 and } to fold, second

margined beneath by a brownish-ochreous mark; a subtriangular

dark fuscous blotch on costa beyond middle, terminated beneath by

a brownish-ochreous mark; a suffused dark fuscous apical blotch,

sometimes connected with preceding in disc but separated from it on

costa by a whitish spot: cilia whitish, sometimes with faint rosy or

ochreous tinge at base, with two wide sometimes confluent grey

shades, on costa wholly dark grey. Hindwings dark slaty-grey,

pale in cell; cilia in § whitish-ochreous, in 9 light greyish; in j on

basal half of costa with extremely long expansible cilia. Forewings

and hindwings beneath in both sexes blackish-tinged, forewings in

6 clothed with ochreous hairs in disc.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); sixteen specimens.

Aristotelia saturnina, n. sp.

6. 11-12 mm. Head, thorax, and abdomen grey. Palpi

whitish or sometimes suffused with grey, second with two dark

fuscous bands, terminal joint considerably longer than second, suffus-

edly lined with dark fuscous. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceo-

late; 6 separate; rather dark fuscous, sometimes whitish-speckled,

dorsal area more or less suffused or marked with ochreous; obscure

darker oblique bars from costa at } and 4 to fold, marked with black

on fold, more or less edged with whitish towards one another; discal

stigmata blackish with a suffused brownish-ochreous streak beneath

them; a suffused pale brownish-ochreous spot on costa at 4: cilia

grey or grey-whitish, with two darker grey lines, towards base

sprinkled with blackish or dark fuscous in indistinct bars. Hind-

wings grey; cilia light grey; in ¢ with basal portion of costa clothed

with much longer expansible pale greyish cilia.

PERU, Lima, in August (Parish); ten specimens.

Aristotelia perfossa, n. sp.

36. 10-12 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-whitish irrorated

with fuscous. Palpi whitish, second and terminal joints each with

base, two bands, and tip dark fuscous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft

of 3 whitish-ochreous. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate;

whitish irrorated with dark grey; oblique bars of blackish suffusion

from costa at 4 and 4, just crossing fold, plical stigma forming an

elongate black mark on end of second; discal stigmata black, first

obliquely beyond plical, second indistinctly edged with ochreous

beneath; a suffused white spot on costa at 4; sometimes some indis-

tinct ochreous marking near tornus: cilia whitish, round apex with

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PARTI. (NOV.) D

34 Mr. E. Mick's Descriptions of

two dark fuscous lines. Hindwings grey; cilia pale greyish. Hind-

wings in g beneath with expansible brush of long light ochreous hairs

beneath basal portion of costa, and similar hairs clothing dorsum and

termen from base to beyond middle of wing.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June; PrErvu, Chosica,

2800 feet, and Lima, in July and August (Parish); thirty-

five specimens.

Aristotelia paphia, n. sp.

3 Q. 10-12 mm. Head rosy-whitish, more or less or sometimes

wholly suffused with grey. Palpi white, with two bands of second

joint, and two bands and anterior edge of terminal joint blackish.

Thorax grey, sometimes rosy-tinged, shoulders darker. Abdomen

grey, apex yellowish or rosy. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceo-

late; 6 separate; rather dark grey, dorsal area more or less mixed

suffusedly with light crimson-pink and sometimes with light ochre-

ous; blackish oblique bars from costa at } and 4, just crossing fold,

first posteriorly and second on both sides more or less distinctly

edged with whitish tinged with crimson-pink; a rosy-white mark on

middle of costa; discal stigmata black, first sometimes connected

with apex of preceding bar, second larger, edged beneath by a light

yellow-ochreous spot; a pale rose-pink spot on costa at #, white

on costal edge: cilia whitish-grey, with three dark grey lines, tips

whitish. Hindwings grey; cilia light greyish.

Perv, Chosica, 2800 feet, in July (Parish); sixteen

specimens.

Aristotelia aphiltra, n. sp.

3 9. 10-12 mm. Head fuscous more or less mixed with whitish.

Palpi very long and slender, whitish, second and terminal joints

each with base and two bands dark fuscous. Thorax fuscous mixed

with dark fuscous, somewhat sprinkled with whitish. Abdomen

grey, anal tuft whitish. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate ;

6 separate; grey sprinkled with dark fuscous and whitish, dorsal area

suffused with brownish-ochreous; oblique dark fuscous bars from

costa at } and 4 to fold, space between these sometimes more mixed

with white; a dark fuscous trapezoidal blotch narrowed downwards

on costa about %, edged beneath by a brownish-ochreous spot, beyond

this a white spot on costa, produced along margin of blotch, followed

by a dark fuscous apical blotch: cilia whitish with two grey shades,

on base spotted with dark fuscous irroration. Hindwings grey; cilia

pale greyish.

Peru, Matucana, 7780 feet, in July (Parish); three

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 35

specimens. Two other examples ($2) from La Crumbre,

6000 feet, Colombia, I consider also identical; the 3 has

the white markings towards apex tinged with rosy.

Another 3 specimen from Alausi, 9450 feet, Ecuador, may

probably be the same species, but is in poor condition.

Aristotelia radicata, n. sp.

32. 9-10 mm. Head pale ochreous, more or less sprinkled with

fuscous. Palpi whitish, second joint with three, terminal joint

with four dark fuscous rings, terminal joint longer than second.

Thorax pale ochreous irrorated with dark grey, shoulders with a dark

fuscous spot. Abdomen grey, apex pale greyish-ochreous. Fore-

wings elongate-lanceolate; 6 closely approximated to 7; grey irro-

rated with dark fuscous and sometimes with whitish; a suffused

yellow-ochreous gradually attenuated streak along dorsum to near

apex; oblique dark fuscous bars from costa at } and 4, terminated

by blackish marks on fold; a small cloudy whitish mark on middle

of costa; discal stigmata blackish, second elongate, edged beneath

by an elongate yellow-ochreous spot; a whitish spot on costa at 4,

formed of two subconfluent inwardly oblique strigulae, continued by

an oblique white line to posterior extremity of preceding ochreous

spot; some white marginal dots or scales round apex: cilia whitish-

grey, round apex white with two dark grey lines, base sprinkled

with blackish. Hindwings grey; cilia pale greyish.

Cotompi1a, Caldas, 4400 feet, in May (Parish); eight

specimens.

Aristotelia oribatis, n. sp.

9. 14 mm. Head whitish. Palpi white, second joint with base

and two bands brownish-ochreous, terminal joint with base and

three bands dark fuscous. Thorax ochreous-whitish, shoulders dark

fuscous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 sepa-

rate; blackish-fuscous; a suffused brownish-ochreous streak along

dorsum from base to apex, occupying about } of wing, partially

confluent with a brownish-ochreous longitudinal streak above it from

before middle to ?, which is partially edged with white above; an

oblique white bar from costa at } almost reaching dorsal streak, and

a similar inwardly oblique white bar from costa at 4; a white apical

dot: cilia pale greyish, round apex with four dark grey lines, at

base sprinkled with blackish, above tornus with an indistinct whitish

bar. Hindwings light violet-grey; cilia pale grey.

PERv, Oroya, 12,200 feet, in July (Parish); one specimen,

36 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

Aristotelia vicana, n. sp.

3 9. 10-11 mm. Head grey-whitish. Palpi whitish, second

and terminal joints each with base and two bands dark fuscous.

Thorax grey more or less sprinkled with whitish, shoulders dark

fuscous. Abdomen grey, apex whitish. Forewings elongate-

lanceolate; 6 closely approximated basally to 7; light grey irrorated

with dark fuscous; oblique dark fuscous bars from costa at } and $

terminated by black marks on fold, space between these suffused

with white; a fascia of irregular white suffusion crossing wing in

middle; discal stigmata black, second forming an elongate mark,

edged beneath by an elongate yellow-ochreous spot; an inwardly

oblique triangular white spot on costa at #, and a mark on tornus

sometimes connected with it; some undefined ochreous .marking

before tornus and along termen; two or three white marginal dots

round apex: cilia pale grey, round apex white with a blackish

antemedian line, on termen with basal groups of blackish irroration,

on costa dark fuscous, white on costal spot. Hindwings grey;

cilia pale grey.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); seventeen specimens.

Aristotelia ephoria, n. sp.

6: 9 mm. Head white, slightly sprinkled with grey. Palpi

whitish, second and terminal joints each with basal and supramedian

dark fuscous bands, terminal joint shorter than second. Thorax

whitish irrorated with grey. Abdomen light grey, anal tuft whitish.

Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate; grey sprinkled with

whitish and dark fuscous; a very oblique blackish mark on fold near

base; an oblique dark fuscous bar from costa at 4, terminated by a

blackish mark on fold edged beneath with ochreous; discal stigmata

blackish, edged beneath with ochreous, first beyond plical; some

blackish scales above tornus and at apex: cilia light grey, round

apex sprinkled with blackish. Hindwings light bluish-grey; cilia

pale grey.

Peru, Matucana, 7780 feet, in July (Parish); one

specimen. Distinguished from all the preceding by the

short terminal joint and different marking of palpi.

Aristotelia cosmographa, 1. sp.

6 2. 11-12 mm. Head and thorax brownish-ochreous. Palpi

white, second joint with three and terminal joint with four dark

fuscous bands, terminal joint much longer than second. Abdomen

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 37

grey, apex grey-whitish. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate ;

6 separate; brownish-ochreous or deep yellow-ochreous, costal

edge suffused with dark fuscous; an oblique interrupted silvery-

white streak near base; three white streaks from costa terminated

by silvery-metallic subdorsal spots, first from 4, oblique, edged

anteriorly with blackish suffusion, second from middle, direct,

third from 4, inwardly oblique, second and third connected by a

suffused blackish streak in disc, a spot of silvery-white suffusion

beneath costa between first and second connected with costa by a

white strigula; a white dot on apex, and sometimes two or three

on termen : cilia pale greyish, with indistinct blackish median shade

and several slender whitish bars. Hindwings slaty-grey; cilia pale

grey.

Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, in July (Parish); three

specimens.

HAPALOSARIS, 0. g.

Head smooth; ocelli absent; tongue developed. Antennae 3,

in g simple, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi

very long, curved, ascending, second joint above in g clothed with

long fine expansible hairs, in Q with triangularly expanded hair-

scales towards apex, beneath smooth-scaled, terminal joint some-

what shorter than second, slender, acute. Maxillary palpi rudimen-

tary. Posterior tibiae clothed with long rough hairs above. Fore-

wings with 16 furcate, 2 from very near angle, 3 absent, 4 from angle,

5 approximated, 7 and 8 out of 6, 7 to costa, 11 from middle. Hind-

wings ?, elongate-trapezoidal, apex acute, termen obliquely bisinuate

beneath apex, cilia 3; 2 remote, 3 and 4 almost connate from angle,

5 approximated, 6 obsolete.

Allied to Compsosaris, which it closely resembles

superficially. Vein 6 of hindwings appears to be truly

obsolete (represented by a weak fold parallel to 7), and

not coincident with 7.

Hapalosaris petulans, n. sp.

362. 9-1l mm. Head and thorax ochreous-whitish with a few

fuscous specks. Palpi whitish, second joint with three rings of dark

fuscous irroration, terminal joint with two black rings. Abdomen

ochreous-whitish. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; white, irregu-

larly irrorated with fuscous and dark fuscous, more thinly towards

dorsum anteriorly; an oblique blackish bar from costa at } to

fold; blackish spots on costa before middle and at 3; a black

-

38 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

subcostal dot at }; stigmata black, sometimes ringed with white,

plical rather obliquely before first discal, an additional dot between

second discal and dorsum; a small blackish spot on dorsum before

tornus; three blackish dots on costa towards apex, apical area

darker-suffused: cilia pale grey, round apex sprinkled with dark

fuscous. Hindwings light grey, in ¢ thinly scaled and whitish-

tinged anteriorly; cilia grey-whitish, in whitish-ochreous on lower

part of termen and dorsum; in ¢ a long fine pale ochreous-yellowish

hairpencil from base of wing lying along abdomen.

CotompiA, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May; Ecuanor,

Huigra, 4500 feet, in June; Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, in

July (Parish); twenty-six specimens.

Recurvaria xanthotricha, n. sp.

3 2. 8-9 mm. Head ochreous-whitish, sides of crown with some

dark fuscous specks. Palpi whitish, second joint with basal half

irrorated with dark fuscous and a blackish subapical ring, terminal

joint with two black rings. Thorax whitish irrorated with dark

fuscous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft of g pale ochreous. Forewings

elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen

slightly sinuate, rather strongly oblique; whitish, irregularly irro-

rated with grey and dark fuscous; markings suffused, blackish, more

or less confused with the dark irroration; a spot on base of costa;

a curved oblique series of three spots (costal, plical, dorsal) towards

base, followed by a more or less developed narrow white fascia; a

subcostal dot at 4, spots on costa at 2 and 3; stigmata represented

by cloudy dots, plical slightly beyond first discal; a spot on tornus ;

sometimes an irregular angulated fine whitish transverse line is

traceable beyond this: cilia whitish-grey, sprinkled with dark fus-

cous or black except towards tornus. Hindwings and cilia pale

greyish; costa in g rolled on anterior portion, with long expansible

yellow-ochreous hairpencil from base.

Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, and Lima, in July and August

(Parish); twenty-four specimens.

Recurvaria thiodes, n. sp.

3: 10mm. Head pale yellow. Palpi whitish-yellow, second joint

with black subapical ring, terminal joint with base and supramedian

band black. Antennae dark grey. Thorax pale yellow, with two

minute black marginal dots posteriorly. Abdomen grey-whitish,

anal tuft whitish-ochreous. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; pale

sulphur-yellow, slightly speckled with fulvous; an elongate black

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 39

spot along basal sixth of costa; small black semioval spots on costa

at 2 and 2; plical and second discal stigmata black; two or three

small black dots on costa towards apex; four narrow semioval dark

grey marks along termen, with a few black scales: cilia grey, on

costa pale yellow. Hindwings light grey; cilia pale greyish.

CotomsiA, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May (Parish); one

specimen.

Recurvaria aequorea, n. sp.

369. 8mm. Head, palpi, and thorax ochreous-whitish, shoulders

suffused with dark fuscous. Abdomen in 3 grey-whitish, in 2 grey.

Forewings lanceolate; dark fuscous, sprinkled with whitish; a

cloudy whitish dorsal streak from base to tornus, speckled with dark

fuscous, pointed posteriorly, edge irregular: cilia ochreous-whitish,

round apex and upper part of termen irrorated with dark fuscous.

Hindwings in ¢ pale slaty-grey, in 2 grey; cilia ochreous-whitish ;

in g with ochreous-yellowish expansible hairpencil lying along costa

from base to beyond middle.

Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, and Lima, in July and August

(Parish); four specimens.

OXYLECHIA, 0. g.

Head smooth; ocelli present; tongue developed. Antennae 3, in

¢ simple, basal joint moderate, without pecten. Labial palpi very

long, recurved, second joint with short rough tuft beneath and hairs

roughly expanded towards apex above, terminal joint longer than

second, slender, acute. Maxillary palpi rudimentary. Posterior

tibiae clothed with hairs above. Forewings with 1b furcate, 2 from

near angle, 3 absent, 7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from middle.

Hindwings }, elongate-trapezoidal, apex somewhat produced, acute,

termen obliquely bisinuate beneath apex, cilia 4; 2-4 remote, 4

from angle, 5 approximated to 4 at base, 6 and 7 connate.

Oxylechia confirmata, n. sp.

6. 8mm. Head white. Palpi white, second joint marked with

black towards base, terminal joint with black submedian ring and

supramedian band. Thorax white, shoulders dark fuscous. Abdo-

men grey, segmental margins and anal tuft white. Forewings

elongate, very narrow, costa slightly arched, apex pointed, termen

very obliquely rounded; white, tinged with ochreous-yellowish in

disc, more strongly and sprinkled with fuscous posteriorly ; markings

dark fuscous, with some black scales on their edges, and margined

40 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

with clear white; a basal patch, edge running from } of costa,

straight, oblique; an elongate narrow patch extending along costa

from before middle to apex, anteriorly pointed and preceded by a

slight blackish strigula, beneath with slight prominences at middle

and § of wing tipped with black scales probably representing discal

stigmata; a small white costal mark intersecting this at $; narrow

elongate brownish spots sprinkled with black on dorsum beyond

middle and on tornus; a black apical dot ringed with white: cilia

whitish, round apex with two dark fuscous lines. Hindwings

whitish-grey; cilia ochreous-whitish.

Cotomp1A, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May (Parish); one

specimen.

THOLEROSTOLA, N. g.

Head smooth; ocelli absent; tongue apparently obsolete. An-

tennae ?, in 3 serrulate, simple, basal joint elongate, without pecten.

Labial palpi long, recurved, second joint rather thickened and

roughened with scales beneath, terminal joint hardly shorter than

second, slightly thickened with scales, acute. Maxillary palpi

rudimentary. Posterior tibiae clothed with long hairs above. Fore-

wings with 1b long-furcate, 2 from towards angle, 4 and 5 stalked,

7 and 8 stalked, 7 to costa, 11 from middle. Hindwings 4, trape-

zoidal, apex rather produced, acute, termen obtusely emarginate

beneath it, cilia 2; 2 from % of cell, 3 approximated to 4 at base,

4 and 5 connate or closely approximated from angle, transverse

vein mostly obsolete except near lower extremity, 6 obsolete,

represented only by a weak fold parallel to 7.

Allied to Phthorimaea.

Tholerostola omphalopa, n. sp.

39. 6-7 mm. Head whitish, crown more or less speckled with

dark fuscous. Palpi white, with two bands of second joint, and

basal and median bands of terminal joint of blackish irroration.

Thorax whitish irrorated with dark fuscous. Abdomen light grey,

anal tuft of ¢ grey-whitish. Forewings rather broad-lanceolate ;

whitish irrorated with dark fuscous or blackish; markings formed

by denser blackish irroration or suffusion, undefined, viz. a rather

oblique bar from costa at } to fold, a broad rather oblique fascia

before middle, a broad fascia at % including an ochreous spot in

middle, and an apical blotch: cilia pale grey, round apex suffused

with whitish and speckled with blackish. Hindwings grey; in ¢

Se eee

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 41

an expansible pencil of long light greyish-ochreous hairs from

costa near base; cilia pale grey.

Ecuapor, Duran, low country, in June (Parish); nine

specimens.

Phthorimaea trichinaspis, n. sp.

$92. 9-10mm. Head and thorax whitish-grey-ochreous, more or

less sprinkled with fuscous. Palpi whitish, second joint irrorated

with dark fuscous except apex, terminal joint shorter than second,

with basal and supramedian bands of dark fuscous or blackish irro-

ration. Abdomen whitish-ochreous, in g with broad median dark

fuscous band. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 sometimes out

of 7 near base; whitish-grey-ochreous, irregularly irrorated with

dark fuscous; stigmata dark fuscous, obscure, plical slightly before

first discal: cilia ochreous-grey-whitish, round apex irrorated with

dark fuscous. Hindwings and cilia ochreous-whitish; in g beneath

with an elongate-oval patch of long black hairscales below cell,

covered by a fringe of very long obliquely directed ochreous hairs

from lower median vein.

Perv, Lima, in August (Parish); five specimens.

Phthorimaea Jenta, n. sp.

69. 10-11 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-whitish irrorated

with grey. Palpi whitish, second joint irrorated with dark fuscous

except apex, terminal joint almost as long as second, with basal and

supramedian bands of dark fuscous irroration. Abdomen grey.

Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate; pale grey irrorated with

darker, obscurely and irregularly mixed with light ochreous; stig-

mata blackish, plical beneath first discal: cilia pale grey, somewhat

sprinkled with black. Hindwings light bluish-grey; cilia pale

greyish-ochreous; in ¢ with long ochreous-grey-whitish expansible

hairpencil from base lying along costa.

Perv, Lima, in August (Parish); eight specimens.

Phthorimaea perfidiosa, n. sp.

6. 10mm. Head and thorax whitish irrorated with grey. Palpi

whitish, second joint irrorated with dark fuscous except apex, ter-

minal joint somewhat shorter than second, with basal and supra-

median bands of dark fuscous irroration. Abdomen dark grey, anal

tuft ochreous-whitish, claspers very long, clothed with ochreous

whitish hairs suffused with yellow internally. Forewings elongate,

narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely

-

42 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

rounded; 6 separate; grey-whitish sprinkled with grey and dark

fuscous, more strongly irrorated along costa; plical stigma rather

large, blackish: cilia pale greyish, sprinkled with blackish towards

base. Hindwings bluish-grey; a strong ochreous-yellowish expan-

sible hairpencil from base lying along costa to beyond middle; cilia

pale ochreous-grey.

CotomptA, Caldas, 4400 feet, and La Crumbre, 6600 feet,

in May (Parish); two specimens.

Phthorimaea crustaria, n. sp.

39. 11-12 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-whitish, sometimes

sprinkled with grey. Palpi white, second and terminal joints each

with basal and supramedian bands of blackish irroration, terminal

joint somewhat shorter than second. Abdomen ochreous-whitish,

sometimes dorsally greyish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa

gently arched, apex pointed, termen extremely obliquely rounded ;

6 separate; ochreous-whitish, irregularly and variably sprinkled

with grey, ochreous, and blackish; small cloudy spots of blackish

irroration on costa at base and 4, and a cloudy blackish dot on fold

near base; stigmata rather large, black, sometimes ringed with

ochreous, plical rather obliquely before first discal; sometimes

indications of cloudy dots of blackish irroration on costa posteriorly

and termen: cilia ochreous-whitish, on basal half with scattered

dark grey and blackish points. Hindwings light slaty-grey; cilia

ochreous-whitish, sometimes tinged with grey.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); fourteen specimens.

Phthorimaea densata, n. sp.

$9. 12-14mm. Head and thorax grey, sometimes sprinkled with

whitish. Palpi white, second and terminal joints each with basal

and supramedian bands of blackish irroration, terminal joint some-

what shorter than second. Abdomen grey, basal segment sometimes

with two small fulvous spots, segments 2 and 3 with fulvous dorsal

patches. Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate; whitish irro-

rated with dark grey or blackish; several indistinct blackish dots

on basal area, an obscure rather oblique darker streak from costa

at } to plical stigma, sometimes edged with whitish anteriorly, pre-

ceded and followed beneath costa by ochreous marks; stigmata

moderate or large, black, edged below by ochreous spots and some-

times surrounded by irregular ochreous markings, plical rather

obliquely before first discal; indistinct cloudy whitish opposite costal

and tornal marks at 3, sometimes united into a slightly angulated

—————— ee

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 43

shade: cilia light grey, basal half more or less sprinkled with white

and black. Hindwings slaty-grey; cilia grey.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); twenty-seven speci-

mens.

Phthorimaea gregalis, n. sp.

39. 12-13 mm. Head and thorax dark grey, more or less

sprinkled with whitish, face sometimes suffused with whitish. Palpi

whitish, second and terminal joints each with basal and supra-

median bands of blackish irroration, terminal joint somewhat shorter

than second. Abdomen dark grey, apex tinged with ochreous.

Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate; dark fuscous, speckled

with whitish; sometimes short brownish-ochreous dashes beneath

costa attand4; stigmata small, black, sometimes edged with brown-

ish markings, plical rather obliquely before first discal; sometimes

some obscure brownish marking in disc posteriorly : cilia light grey,

basal half sprinkled with black. Hindwings slaty-grey; cilia light

ochreous-grey.

Peru, Lima, in August (Parish); five specimens.

Phthorimaea urosema, nN. sp.

g. 14 mm. Head ochreous-whitish, crown irrorated with grey.

Palpi whitish, second joint with two suffused fuscous bands, terminal

joint with two dark fuscous bands. Thorax pale greyish-ochreous,

mostly suffusedly irrorated with dark grey. Abdomen grey, anal

tuft ochreous-whitish with a strong black mark on each side above.

Forewings elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate; greyish-ochreous, some-

what sprinkled irregularly with dark grey, costa suffused with dark

grey irroration; three or four cloudy blackish-grey dots towards

base on dorsal half; an oblique transverse patch of ochreous-whitish

suffusion from costa towards base followed on costa by a small

blackish spot and in disc by an elongate blotch of blackish suffusion ;

stigmata blackish, surrounded by irregular ochreous-whitish suffu-

sion, plical obliquely before first discal, a blotch of blackish suffusion

in middle of disc lying between and beneath discal stigmata; costa

towards apex with three small ochreous-whitish spots interrupting

the dark grey irroration : cilia ochreous-grey-whitish, towards base

spotted with dark grey irroration. Hindwings slaty-grey; cilia

pale greyish-ochreous.

Peru, Matucana, 7780 feet, in July (Parish); one

specimen.

-

44 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

Phthorimaea melanocampta, n. sp.

g. 16mm. Head and thorax pale greyish-ochreous suffused with

grey. Palpi whitish, second joint sprinkled with dark fuscous,

terminal joint with two blackish bands. Abdomen blackish becom-

ing brown towards base, sides and anal tuft ochreous-whitish. Fore-

wings elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate; light greyish-ochreous,

irregularly sprinkled with blackish-grey, costa narrowly suffused with

dark grey irroration; several cloudy black dots on basal area; a

thick black suffused streak from costa at } rather obliquely half

across wing, thence abruptly bent and continued through middle

of disc to apex, attenuated posteriorly, nearly interrupted by small

pale spots representing discal stigmata, and irregularly interrupted

near apex : cilia light greyish-ochreous, sprinkled with black towards

- base. Hindwings pale slaty-grey; cilia light greyish-ochreous.

Perv, Lima, in August (Parish); one specimen.

Phthorimaea aquilina, n. sp.

3 Q. 19-22 mm. Head and thorax varying from pale ochreous

to grey. Palpiochreous-whitish, second joint sprinkled with fuscous,

terminal joint with basal and supramedian rings of dark fuscous

irroration. Abdomen ochreous-whitish, segments tinged with fuscous

towards base, two basal segments more or less suffused with yellow-

ochreous. Forewings narrowly elongate-lanceolate ; 6 separate ; vary-

ing from pale ochreous, sprinkled with ferruginous (9) to light fuscous

(3); a thick black (or in 9 deep ferruginous) rather oblique streak from

costa at } reaching half across wing, in dise dilated posteriorly, form-

ing base of an undefined cloudy wedge-shaped patch rather darker

than ground colour extending along costa to $; indistinct cloudy spots

of darker suffusion in disc at middle and #; several small obscure

cloudy darker spots on costa and termen towards apex: cilia pale

greyish-ochreous or whitish-ochreous, sprinkled with fuscous or dark

fuscous. Hindwings pale slaty-grey; cilia pale greyish-ochreous or

whitish-ochreous.

Peru, Matucana, 7780 feet, and Huancayo, 10,650 feet,

in July (Parish); four specimens.

Phthorimaea absoluta, n. sp.

6: 14 mm. Head whitish-grey-ochreous, crown sprinkled with

grey. Palpi stout, ochreous-whitish sprinkled with grey, second

and terminal joints each with two bands of blackish irroration, second

joint with longer rough scales beneath towards apex. Thorax

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 45

greyish-ochreous irroratéd with whitish and dark grey. Abdomen

grey, segmental margins and anal tuft ochreous-whitish. Fore-

wings narrowly elongate-lanceolate; 6 separate; greyish-ochreous

sprinkled with dark grey and whitish, here and there mixed with

brownish, costa suffusedly irrorated with blackish-grey, veins

posteriorly obscurely irrorated with dark grey; several obscure

blackish dots on basal area; irregular rather oblique transverse bars

of blackish suffusion from costa at } and 2, reaching half across wing ;

stigmata blackish, plical obliquely before first discal; costal irrora-

tion towards apex interrupted by three or four small pale spots:

cilia light ochreous-greyish, on basal half mixed with ochreous-

whitish and sprinkled with fuscous and black. Hindwings light

slaty-grey; cilia light ochreous-grey.

Peru, Huancayo, 10,650 feet, in July (Parish); one

specimen. Much like wrosema, but readily distinguished

by absence of the characteristic black marks on anal tuft.

Phthorimaea loquax, n. sp.

39. 9-10 mm. Head and thorax grey, sometimes partially

tinged with ochreous, face sometimes whitish. Palpi fuscous

sprinkled with whitish, second and terminal joints each with basal and

supramedian bands of blackish irroration, terminal joint somewhat

shorter than second. Abdomen in ¢ dark grey, in 2 whitish-grey.

Forewings elongate-lanceolate ; 6 separate; dark grey sprinkled with

whitish, tinged here and there with ochreous; a black dot beneath

tosta near base, and two or three other indistinct ones on basal area;

a small black costal spot before 4; sometimes ochreous subcostal

dashes before and beyond this; stigmata moderate or large, ochreous-

brownish, sometimes accompanied by a few blackish scales, plical

slightly before first discal; a blackish dot on fold beneath middle of

wing; a small cloudy darker spot on costa at 3; a cloudy darker dot

above tornus; a cloudy spot of dark fuscous suffusion on termen

above tornus; an elongate blackish mark in disc near apex: cilia

light grey, basal half sprinkled with whitish and dark grey. Hind-

wings slaty-grey; cilia pale ochreous-greyish, in g longer and darker

towards basal portion of costa.

Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, in July (Parish); thirteen

specimens.

Phthorimaea atrifascis, n. sp.

39. 9-10 mm. Head ochreous-whitish irrorated with grey.

Palpi grey, sprinkled with whitish, second and terminal joints each

with basal and supramedian bands of blackish irroration, terminal

_

46 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

joint nearly as long as second. Thorax grey sprinkled with whitish.

Abdomen whitish-grey. Posterior tibiae in g with very long

whitish-ochreous hairs. Forewings elongate-lanceolate ; 6 separate ;

dark grey irrorated with white; a blackish dot beneath costa near

base ; an oblique blackish bar from costa at } to fold; discal stigmata

blackish, indistinctly edged with ochreous beneath, plical ochreous,

slightly before first discal; indistinct whitish opposite marks on

costa at } and tornus: cilia whitish-grey, irrorated with dark grey

and black round apex and towards base generally. Hindwings pale

slaty-grey; in g a very long dense black expansible hairpencil lying

along costa from base to %; cilia whitish-grey.

Perv, Chosica, 2800 feet, in July (Parish); two specimens.

Phthorimaea altisona, n. sp.

6. 11-12 mm. Head and thorax dark fuscous, slightly whitish-

sprinkled. Palpi dark grey sprinkled with blackish and slightly

with whitish. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate-lanceolate ;

6 separate; dark fuscous, slightly whitish-sprinkled, dorsal area

tinged with ochreous-brown; stigmata cloudy, black, plical obliquely

before first discal; in one specimen some ochreous-brown streaking

towards costa posteriorly; apical area suffused with blackish :

cilia grey, round apex mixed with dark fuscous and somewhat

sprinkled with whitish. Hindwings bluish-grey; cilia light grey.

PERU, Huancayo, 10,650 feet, in July (Parish); two

specimens.

Phthorimaea exacta, n. sp.

$Q. 11-12 mm. Head whitish, sprinkled with dark grey. Palpi

white sprinkled with grey, second joint blackish except towards

apex, terminal joint nearly as long as second, with black basal ring

and supramedian band. Thorax whitish irrorated with dark grey.

Abdomen grey, anal tuft in J ochreous-whitish. Forewings elongate,

narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen extremely

obliquely rounded ; 6 separate; whitish irrorated with grey and dark

fuscous; a small blackish spot beneath costa near base; a suffused

dark fuscous bar from dorsum at 4 to above middle; blackish spots

on costa at 4 and before 3, stigmata cloudy, black, plical beneath

first discal, second discal elongate; blotches of darker suffusion on

tornus and at apex: cilia pale grey mixed with dark fuscous.

Hindwings grey, darker posteriorly; cilia light grey.

British Guiana, Bartica, in January and February

(Parish); two specimens.

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 47

Phthorimaea epitricha, n. sp.

39. 8-10 mm. Head whitish, more or less sprinkled with grey.

Palpi whitish, second joint irrorated with dark fuscous except apex,

terminal joint as long as second, with subbasal and supramedian

bands of dark fuscous irroration. Thorax whitish more or less irro-

rated with dark grey. Abdomen grey, in 3 with raised lateral sub-

apical tufts of long grey hairs. Forewings elongate, rather narrow,

costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ;

6 separate; grey-whitish irrorated with dark fuscous; a blackish

spot or short oblique bar from costa near base ; a small ochreous spot

on fold at }, sometimes edged above and beneath with small blackish

spots; a thick oblique blackish streak from } of costa to fold;

stigmata ochreous, more or less edged above and beneath with small

blackish spots, plical obliquely before first discal, an elongate cloudy

blackish spot on costa just above second discal, sometimes edged

beneath by another ochreous dot; undefined spots of blackish

suffusion on tornus and at apex: cilia pale grey sprinkled with

black. Hindwings grey, subhyaline in disc anteriorly and towards

dorsum; cilia light grey.

British Guiana, Bartica, from December to February

(Parish); ten specimens.

Phthorimaea involuta, n. sp.

$9. 9-11 mm. Head whitish sprinkled with grey. Palpi

whitish, second and terminal joints each with subbasal and supra-

median bands of dark fuscous irroration, terminal joint as long as

second. Thorax whitish irrorated with dark fuscous, patagia

sometimes suffused with ochreous. Abdomen dark grey. Fore-

wings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen

very obliquely rounded; 6 separate; grey-whitish or whitish-grey,

irrorated with black; a narrow oblique blackish bar from costa

near base and broader one at }, both terminated by small yellow-

ochreous spots on fold edged beneath by black marks, second spot

representing plical stigma; discal stigmata yellow-ochreous, edged

above and below by black spots, first obliquely beyond plical stigma,

its margin separated by an ochreous mark from a small blackish spot

on costa above it, margin of second usually absorbed in a subquad-

rate blackish blotch on costa above it, its lower margin sometimes

forming a considerable spot; a well-defined blackish apical blotch :

cilia grey, irrorated with black except towards tips. Hindwings

dark grey, subhyaline in disc anteriorly and towards dorsum; cilia

rather dark grey.

48 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Descriptions of

British Guiana, Mallali, in March (Parish); six speci-

mens. Nearly allied to epitricha, but forewings rather

narrower, yellowish markings clearer and larger, black

markings also larger and better defined, hindwings darker,

abdomen in § without praeapical tufts of hair.

Stegasta zygotoma, n. sp.

39. 9-11 mm. Head white, often irrorated with dark grey.

Palpi white, second joint with ill-defined basal and subapical bands

of dark fuscous irroration, terminal joints with two blackish bands.

Thorax dark fuscous, slightly whitish-sprinkled, with small ochreous-

white posterior spot. Abdomengrey. Forewings elongate, narrow,

costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded;

dark fuscous, sometimes suffused with deep ferruginous-bronze,

slightly whitish-sprinkled; two connected ochreous-white triangular

blotches occupying dorsum from near base to near tornus, sometimes

much suffused with grey irroration, especially dorsally, first narrowly

reaching costa at }, second reaching nearly half across wing, its apex

connected with an indistinct whitish dot on middle of costa by a

faint grey or grey-whitish cloud in which is a more or less strongly

expressed blackish dot (first discal stigma); second discal stigma

close beyond this, blackish, sometimes edged below with white or

yellowish, or obsolete; a slightly inwards-oblique transverse white

spot on costa at }, tending to connect with a leaden-grey spot on

tornus; apical area sometimes irrorated with grey-whitish: cilia

whitish, with two indistinct lines of blackish irroration. Hindwings

grey or light grey, darker posteriorly; cilia grey or grey-whitish.

Forewings in ¢ beneath with an expansible pencil of long whitish

hairs from beneath base of costa, covered by fringe of projecting

scales.

CotomeiA, Cali, 500 feet, and La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in

May; Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June; Prru, Lima,

and Chosica, 2800 feet, in August (Parish) ; forty-four »

specimens. The Peruvian examples have the white mark-

ings’ always much more suflused with grey, whilst in the

others they are nearly clear ochreous-white, but I can find

no reliable distinction between them otherwise.

Gelechia lacticoma, n. sp.

g. 10-11 mm. Head and thorax ochreous-whitish, shoulders

with a suffused dark fuscous spot. Palpi whitish, basal third of

second joint dark fuscous, terminal joint as long as second,

with blackish subapical band. Abdomen grey, anal tuft ochreous-

ee

= SO

South American Micro-Lepidopltera. 49

whitish. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex

tolerably pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; ochreous-

whitish or yellow-whitish ; markings fuscous, towards costa irrorated

with blackish; an oblique wedge-shaped spot from base of costa to

fold; a v-shaped marking from costa before middle, its apex reach-

ing fold, marked with black plical and first discal stigmata, latter

obliquely posterior; an irregular fascia from } of costa to dorsum

before tornus, second discal stigma forming a black mark on its

anterior margin; some more or less indicated blackish irroration

towards apex: cilia ochreous-whitish, slightly sprinkled with black.

Hindwings light grey; cilia ochreous-whitish.

Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, in July (Parish); three speci-

mens.

Gelechia litigiosa, n. sp.

$9. 11-13 mm. Head and thorax pale pinkish-fuscous or whitish-

fuscous, mixed with dark fuscous. Palpi fuscous-whitish irrorated

with dark fuscous, on terminal joint sometimes forming two dark

bands. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently

arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen very obliquely rounded;

dark fuscous, variably irrorated (sometimes very slightly) with

whitish-fuscous or whitish-ochreous; stigmata cloudy, blackish,

plical slightly before first discal; a small cloudy pale ochreous or

whitish-ochreous spot on costa at $: cilia grey, somewhat mixed

with dark fuscous. Hindwings and cilia grey.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June (Parish); thirteen

specimens.

Gelechia dryobathra, n. sp.

dg. 13-14 mm. Head fuscous, face paler. Palpi pale greyish-

ochreous irrorated with dark fuscous, terminal joint somewhat

shorter than second. Thorax brown or fuscous. Abdomen grey.

Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, faintly sinuate in

middle, apex obtuse, termen very obliquely rounded; dark fuscous,

in one specimen streaked with brownish in disc posteriorly; a

brown basal patch occupying about }+ of wing, edge irregularly

curved or bent; stigmata blackish, approximated, plical somewhat

obliquely before first discal; a small pale brownish spot on costa at

#: cilia pale greyish-ochreous, with two lines of blackish irroration,

at base fuscous, on costa wholly fuscous. Hindwings grey; cilia

light greyish-ochreous.

Cotomspia, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May (Parish); two

specimens.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PARTI. (NOV.) E

50 Mr. E. Me meks Description of

Gelechia eburata, n. sp.

369. 14-15 mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi white, base of

second joint black, terminal joint as long as second, apical % black

except extreme tip. Thorax dark ashy-fuscous, with broad ochreous-

white dorsal stripe. Abdomen dark grey. Forewings elongate,

rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed, termen

rounded, rather strongly oblique ; dark ashy-fuscous; stigmata black,

obscure, plical rather obliquely before first discal; a small cloudy

white dot on costa at ? ; sometimes one or two white scales on upper

part of termen: cilia dark grey. Hindwings dark grey; cilia grey.

Cotompta, La Crumbre, 6600 feet, in May (Parish); five

specimens.

Gelechia consona, n. sp.

9. 13 mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi white, base of second

joint blackish, terminal joint nearly as long as second, anterior

edge blackish on apical half. Thorax ochreous-white, patagia dark

purplish-fuscous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elongate, narrow,

costa gently arched, apex pointed, termen very obliquely rounded ;

dark purplish-fuscous; a thick white streak along dorsum from base

to 2, irregularly terminated and uniting with a roundish white spot

in disc beyond middle of wing; a roundish white spot on costa at

3%: cilia grey mixed with blackish. Hindwings grey; cilia light

grey.

Perv, Lima, in August (Parish); one specimen. Allied

to the North American unifasciella.

Gelechia argosema, Nn. sp.

39. 9-11 mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi ochreous-white,

basal third of second joint blackish, terminal joint as long as second,

apical % blackish except extreme tip. Thorax ochreous-white,

patagia dark purplish-fuscous. Abdomen grey. Forewings elon-

gate, rather narrow, costa gently arched, apex obtuse-pointed,

termen very obliquely rounded; dark purplish-fuscous; a sub-

triangular transverse ochreous-white spot from dorsum before

tornus, reaching half across wing, and a smaller spot from costa at

#: cilia grey suffused with dark purple-fuscous. Hindwings grey;

cilia light grey.

Ecuapor, Huigra, 4500 feet, in June (Parish); five

specimens.

Je ortein<o tm

South American Micro-Lepidoptera. 51

Gelechia pentadora, n. sp.

$9. 12-14 mm. Head ochreous-white. Palpi yellow-whitish,

second joint with base dark fuscous, terminal joint as long as second,

with subapical band and sometimes base blackish. Thorax dark

purple-fuscous, with yellow posterior spot. Abdomen dark grey.

Forewings elongate, narrow, costa gently arched, apex tolerably

pointed, termen very obliquely rounded; dark purple-fuscous ;

markings yellow; a slightly oblique oval transverse blotch from

costa at } reaching 3 across wing; a spot beneath middle of disc;

an irregular inwardly oblique transverse blotch from costa at 3,

reaching more than half across wing; a spot on tornus; a small

spot before apex: cilia dark purple-fuscous. Hindwings and cilia

dark grey.

Frencu Guiana, R. Maroni; three specimens.

Polyhymno gladiata, n. sp.

6: 9 mm. Head, palpi, and thorax white (partially defaced),

shoulders dark fuscous. Abdomen grey, anal tuft ochreous-whitish.

Forewings elongate, rather narrow, costa slightly arched, apex

pointed, prominent, termen sinuate, oblique; costal half dark fus-

cous, dorsal area silvery-grey-whitish, these separated by a broad

median longitudinal shining white streak from base to 8, pointed

posteriorly, lower edge suffused; a very fine white line along costa

from near base to middle, thence diverted as a slender very oblique

streak to just above apex of median streak; an oblique white

strigula from costa about ?, whence a rather thick angulated leaden-

metallic line runs to tornus; beyond this a small white costal strigula,

followed by a small white triangular spot; apical and terminal

areas round these markings brownish-ochreous: cilia pale grey,

above apex with two white wedge-shaped marks separated with dark

fuscous, on termen white towards base, with a very short black

subbasal mark beneath apex and two black subbasal dots below

middle. Hindwings and cilia light grey.

Cotomstis, Cali, 500 feet, in May (Parish); one specimen.

Polyhymno conflicta, n. sp.

6 @. 10-13 mm. Head whitish. Palpi whitish, second joint

fuscous except apex, scales roughly projecting beneath towards

apex, terminal joint fuscous anteriorly. Thorax fuscous-whitish.

_Abdomen whitish-fuscous, anal tuft fuscous-whitish. Forewings

elongate, narrow, costa slightly arched, apex produced, acute,

-

52 Mr. E. Meyrick’s Description of Micro-Lepidoptera.

termen sinuate, oblique; dark fuscous, with cloudy white or whitish

markings, viz. a subcostal line on basal half, a supramedian line to

&, where it meets an attenuated streak from beneath middle of disc,

and a confused and irregular more or less confluent suffusion occupy-

ing most of dorsal area up to fold; a very oblique white line from

middle of costa to near termen above middle; a white oblique

strigula from costa at #, whence a fine acutely angulated leaden-

metallic line runs to tornus; two white wedge-shaped marks from

costa beyond this; apical area tinged with ochreous: cilia light grey,

above apex with two white triangular marks separated with dark

fuscous, at apex with a projecting dark fuscous hook, beneath apex

white towards base, with a very short black subbasal mark beneath

apex and dot below middle. Hindwings light slaty-grey; cilia

pale greyish.

Peru, Chosica, 2800 feet, and Lima, in July and August

(Parish); twenty-seven specimens.

a

a

es

( B38)

Il. New Species of Hymenoptera in the British Museum.

By Rowtanp KE. Turner, F.Z.8., F.E.S.

[Read December 6th, 1916.]

Family BETHYLIDAE.

Genus DicroGENnium, Stadelm.

Dicrogenium, Stadelm., Entom. Nachricht, xx, p. 201,

1894.

Nonmineia, Kieff., Ann. Soc. Ent. France, Ixxx, p. 453,

1911.

I consider that these are identical, and that Ashmead’s

action in transferring the genus from the Bethylidae to

his Cosilidae was entirely unjustifiable.

Dicrogenium maximum, sp. n.

3. Niger; mandibulis apice fusco-ferrugineis; alis fuscis, apice

fusco-hyalinis.

Long. 18 mm.

§- Mandibles strongly bidentate at the apex, the outer tooth the

longest; clypeus short, transverse, with a strong median carina.

Flagellum punctured, hairy, becoming slender towards the apex,

scape smooth and shining, the antennae as long as the thorax

and median segment combined. Head very large, broader than

the thorax, broadly emarginate posteriorly, closely and coarsely

punctured-reticulate ; eyes very near to the base of the mandibles,

separated from the posterior margin of the head by a distance

exceeding their own breadth; the cheeks broader than the eyes,

sparsely but deeply punctured, bearing a stout, acute, spine. Prono-

tum short, strongly narrowed anteriorly, the anterior margin raised,

a deep groove along the posterior margin. Mesonotum coarsely

punctured, more sparsely on the middle than on the sides, the

parapsidal furrows shallow; scutellum very sparsely punctured;

mesopleurae closely and coarsely punctured, with a shining, almost

smooth, area behind the wings. Median segment irregularly

rugulose, with two longitudinal carinae close together, the narrow

space between the carinae transversely striated, the sides of the

segment strongly horizontally striated, the apical slope more finely

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PaRTI. (NOV.)

a

D4 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

transversely striated. Abdomen shining, almost smooth; the

seventh dorsal segment sparsely and shallowly punctured, broadly

truncate at the apex; apical ventral segment closely punctured,

hairy, deeply divided longitudinally in the middle. Radial cell

open at the apex, but the radius is indicated by a brown continua-

tion almost to the apex of the wing; cubitus indicated by a white

scar beyond the first transverse cubital nervure, the latter indicated

by a brown scar, the’second transverse cubital by a white scar.

Hab. Sterra Leone, Tamadu (J. J. Simpson), June.

There is no tooth on the inner side of the mandibles as

there is in D. conradti, Stadelm., and the carina of the

prosternum is not furcate as in D. rosmarus, Stadelm.

Family MUTILLIDAE.

Ephutomorpha contigua, sp. n.

Q. Nigra; mandibulis basi, tuberculisque antennalibus fusco-

ferrugineis; thorace rufo-ferrugineo; flagello subtus, tarsisque

brunneo-ferrugineis; segmento dorsali primo apice late luteo;

segmento dorsali secundo obscure aeneo-virescente.

Long. 4 mm.

9. Antennal tubercles well developed, rounded; second joint

of the flagellum distinctly longer than the third. Eyes oval, with

distinct facets, situated nearer to the posterior margin of the head

than to the base of the mandibles. Head nearly as broad as the

thorax, feebly rounded at the posterior angles, closely and not very

finely punctured. Thorax closely punctured rugose on the anterior

two-thirds, the apical third coarsely rugose, the sides of the apical

slope feebly serrate; the thorax broadest anteriorly, the anterior

angles feebly rounded, the anterior margin almost transverse, the

length of the thorax greater by about one quarter than the greatest

breadth, abruptly but not strongly narrowed behind the middle,

a small tuft of erect white hairs on the mesopleurae. Second dorsal

segment a little longer than the greatest breadth, the sides rather

strongly convex, closely punctured rugulose; with an apical patch

of white hairs, which is continued as a median band on the third,

fourth and fifth segments. Pygidial area triangular, finely longi-

tudinally striated.

Hab. 8. QUEENSLAND, Brisbane (Hacker), December.

Nearest to E. virulenta, Turn., from 8.W. Australia,

but the thorax is less strongly narrowed posteriorly than

in that species, the colour of the thorax is much brighter,

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 55

and the spots of pubescence on the dorsal segments

are different, virulenta having an apical fascia of white

pubescence instead of an apical spot.

Ephutomorpha lurida, sp. n.

9. Pallide ferruginea; segmento dorsali secundo fascia mediana

longitudinali nigra, segmentis quinto sextoque fuscis; segmento

dorsali secundo macula magna utrinque fasciaque angusta apicali,

tertioque macula mediana albopilosis; area pygidiali late triangulari,

delicatissime punctata.

Long. 5-6 mm.

9. Head and thorax sparsely clothed with pale fulvous pubescence ;

antennal tubercles fairly well developed, second joint of the flagel-

lum very little longer than the third... Eyes round, strongly convex,

much nearer to the posterior margin of the head than to the base

of the mandibles. Head narrower than the thorax, strongly rounded

at the posterior angles, finely and closely punctured. Thorax fully

half as long again as the greatest breadth, strongly narrowed pos-

teriorly, the apical margin scarcely more than half as wide as the

basal; the anterior margin feebly arched, not quite transverse,

rugose, more coarsely at the apex than at the base, the posterior

slope coarsely rugose. Second dorsal segment finely longitudinally

rugulose; fully half as long again as the greatest breadth, the sides

very feebly convex. Sides of the abdomen thinly clothed with

long fulvous hairs; pygidial area broadly triangular, very minutely

punctured. Hind tibiae with one row of four spines.

Hab. N. QuEENSLAND, Townsville (F. P. Dodd), Sep-

tember.

This belongs to the group of #. darwiniana, André, and

E. excerpta, Turn., but differs from both in colour; from

the former in the more strongly narrowed apical portion

of the thorax, the longer second abdominal segment and

the sculpture of the pygidial area; from the latter in the

more gradually narrowed thorax and in the less convex

sides of the second abdominal segment.

Ephutomorpha diversipes, sp. n.

9. Nigra; vertice late, fronte nigro intaminato, thoraceque

ferrugineis ; tuberculis antennalibus, flagello articulo primo, tarsisque

pallide testaceis; segmento dorsali primo fascia apicali pallide

lutea; calcaribus pallidis; segmentis dorsalibus 2-5 fascia mediana

longitudinali continua albido pilosa,

Long. 5 mm.

-

56 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

9. Antennal tubercles well developed, rounded; second joint of

the flagellum distinctly longer than the third. Head a little

narrower than the thorax, rounded at the posterior angles; finely

and closely punctured tn the vertex, more deeply but not so closely

on the front. Eyes nearer to the posterior margin of the head than

to the base of the mandibles, round and strongly convex. Thorax

a little less than half as long again as the greatest breadth, broadly

rounded on the anterior margin, slightly narrowed posteriorly,

longitudinally rugose striate on the basal two-thirds, coarsely rugose

on the apical third; the posterior slope almost vertical, coarsely

rugose, with two minute lateral teeth close to the basal angles.

Second dorsal segment finely longitudinally rugose, about one-third

longer than the greatest breadth, the sides moderately convex.

Pygidial area very narrowly rounded at the apex, finely longi-

tudinally striate on the basal half. Hind tibiae with two rows of

four rather feeble spines.

Hab. N. QuEENSLAND, Townsville (F. P. Dodd), Novem-

ber and June.

Near E. vittigera, André, a variety of which occurs in

October in the same locality. It differs in the sculpture

of the thorax, which does not run into striae in viltigera,

in the absence of fulvous hairs on the thorax, in the ferru-

ginous colour of the head and thorax, in the feebler spines

of the hind tibiae, and in the colour of the tarsi; it is also

a smaller species.

Ephutomorpha unilineata, sp. n.

9. Nigra; capite fusco-ferrugineo, fronte et vertice nigro in-

taminatis; scapo fusco; flagello infra pallide testaceo; thorace

rufo-ferrugineo, brevi, latitudine vix longiore; segmento dorsali

primo fascia apicali pallide lutea; segmentis dorsalibus 2-5 fascia

mediana longitudinali continua albopilosa; area pygidiali late

triangulari, longitudinaliter striata; calcaribus pallidis.

Long. 5 mm.

9. Antennal tubercles rather large, with a low transverse carina

between them; second joint of the flagellum short, no longer than

the third. Eyes round, strongly convex, situated nearer to the

hind margin of the head than to the base of the mandibles. Head

narrower than the thorax, broadly rounded posteriorly; the front

rugose, the vertex closely punctured. Thorax closely punctured

rugose, scarcely longer than the greatest breadth, slightly narrowed

from the middle both anteriorly and posteriorly, the anterior margin

straight, the posterior slope almost vertical, shallowly rugose,

SL ee

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 57

pleurae almost smooth. First dorsal segment short, slightly

depressed. below the second, which is nearly half as long again as its

greatest breadth, finely and closely punctured, the sides somewhat

convex. The sides of the abdomen sparsely clothed with long

white hairs, interspersed with black near the apex. Hind tibiae

with two rows of four spines.

Hab. 8. QUEENSLAND, Brisbane (Hacker), November.

Allied to #. argenteolineata, André, but may be dis-

tinguished by the colour of the legs, the distinctly stronger

sculpture of the head and thorax, the slightly different

shape of the latter, and the distinctly longer second

abdominal segment.

Ephutomorpha setigera, sp. n.

Q. Nigra; tuberculis antennalibus pallide testaceis; segmento

dorsali primo margine apicali pallide luteo; segmento dorsali secundo

in medio longitudinaliter late, tertio, quarto, quintoque in medio,

sextoque basi brunneo-ferrugineis; tarsis fusco-ferrugineis.

Long. 6 mm.

Q. Clypeus small and flat, truncate at the apex; antennal tubercles

rather large, second joint of the flagellum a little longer than the

third, less than twice as long as the first; a low carina from the

antennal tubercles not reaching the eyes. Head closely and rather

strongly punctured, more sparsely on the front than on the vertex,

sparsely clothed with close lying fulvous bristles, interspersed with

which are a few long black hairs. Eyes round, strongly convex,

situated nearer to the hind margin of the head than to the base of

the mandibles; the head rounded at the posterior angles, no wider

than the thorax. Thorax granulate-rugose, more coarsely pos-

teriorly than anteriorly, nearly half as long again as broad, the

sides almost smooth, the posterior slope finely rugulose, the sides

almost parallel, the anterior angles rounded, the dorsal surface

clothed with short setae as the head, but with rather more numerous

long black hairs. Dorsal segments 1-5 with a small patch of sparse

white hairs in the middle of the apical margin; second segment half

as long again as the greatest breadth, the sides convex, closely but

not very coarsely punctured, the punctures confluent longitudinally.

Pygidial area triangular, finely longitudinally striated, the striae

not reaching the apex. Base of the abdomen with long whitish

hairs, the hairs on the sides of the abdomen whitish near the base,

mostly black near the apex. Hind tibiae with two rows of four

spines.

Hab. 8. QUEENSLAND, Brisbane (Hacker), November.

-

58 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

Family THYNNIDAE.

Zaspilothynnus striatifrons, sp. n.

g. Niger; mandibulis, apice excepto, clypeo macula subapicali

fusca utrinque, orbitis, macula arcuata inter antennas, pronoto

margine antico, propleuris, pronoto margine postico, tegulis, meso-

noto macula magna quadrata postice, mesopleuris antice et macula

magna postice, scutello fascia latissima, postice ad apicem producta,

scutelli angulis anticis, postscutello, segmento mediano fascia lata

longitudinali lateribusque, segmentis dorsalibus 1-6, ventralibus

2-5 fascia transversa anguste interrupta, segmento primo ventrali

macula mediana, coxisque subtus flavis; segmento dorsali sexto

apice, septimoque, ventralibus sexto septimoque pedibusque

ferrugineis; alis subhyalinis, venis ferrugineis.

9. Nigra; capite ferrugineo, pedibus brunneo-ferrugineis, femori-

bus nigro-maculatis; sterno, segmentisque ventralibus secundo

tertiogue brunneis; prothorace postice nigro-marginato, scutello,

postscutello, segmento mediano lateribus, segmentis dorsalibus

1-3 fascia transversa undulata, segmentoque ‘dorsali quarto fascia

transversa interrupta flavis; pygidio fusco.

Long. 3, 15mm; 9, 13 mm.

. Clypeus pointed and prominent at the base and connected

by a short carina with the interantennal prominence, very broadly

truncate at the apex, the apical angles not prominent, strongly

longitudinally striated. Interantennal prominence very broadly

triangular, a low longitudinal carina from the apex reaching more

than half-way to the anterior ocellus. Front rugosely punctured,

irregularly rugose striate above the base of the antennae; vertex

more sparsely punctured. Antennae about as long as the thorax

and median segment combined; pronotum rather sparsely and finely

punctured, with a shallow shining groove behind the slightly raised

anterior margin; mesonotum very closely punctured between the

deep parapsidal furrows, but much more sparsely in the middle.

Scutellum very broadly rounded at the apex, subtruncate, rather

closely punctured; median segment oblique from the postscutellum,

finely rugulose, the middle rather sparsely punctured. Abdomen

somewhat elongate, the basal dorsal segment oblique anteriorly,

as broad at the apex as the second segment, all the segments rather

sparsely punctured and not constricted; sixth ventral segment

with a spine on each side at the apical angles; seventh dorsal

segment produced into a broad flattened lamella, longitudinally

striated and very broadly rounded at the apex. Hypopygium

obliquely striated above, subtriangular, broad at the base with a

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 59

distinct spine on each side at the basal angles, narrowly rounded at

the apex. Maxillae with a few long hairs at the base beneath.

Wings sparsely clothed with very short hairs, third abscissa of the

radius much longer than the second, first recurrent nervure received

a little beyond two-thirds from the base of the second cubital cell,

second a little before one-third from the base of the second cubital

cell.

Q. Mandibles acute at the apex; clypeus punctured, without a

carina, truncate at the apex. Front with a large concave area on

each side touching the inner margin of the eye and extending nearly

to the vertex, smooth and shining; the ridge between the depressions

not quite as wide as one of them, smooth and shining, with a median

longitudinal sulcus and with a few punctures on the sides; vertex

shining, with a few scattered punctures. Head nearly twice as

broad as long, rounded at the posterior angles. Pronotum broader

than the head, the anterior margin straight, slightly narrowed

posteriorly, the hind margin broadly arched, twice as broad anteriorly

as long, shallowly punctured, with a few large setigerous punctures

on the anterior margin. Scutellum smooth and shining, broadly

truncate at the apex; postscutellum plainly visible, transverse.

Median segment very short, the dorsal surface scarcely half as long

as the scutellum, widened from the base, almost vertically truncate ~

posteriorly, the dorsal surface smooth and shining, the face of the

truncation microscopically punctured. Dorsal surface of the

abdomen shining, with a few scattered punctures; first segment

almost vertically truncate anteriorly, with a deep groove close to the

apical margin and a few indistinct, short, transverse striae close to

_the apical angles; second segment with numerous transverse striae,

which gradually increase in height from the base to the apex, the

basal striae strongly curved, those at the apex straight. Ventral

segments coarsely, but not very closely, punctured; the fifth seg-

ment coarsely longitudinally striated. Pygidium narrow, trans-

versely striated at the base, vertically truncate posteriorly, strongly

compressed before the truncation, the dorsal plate of the truncation

narrowly rounded at the base, broadly rounded at the apex, with

about ten arched striae, longer than the greatest breadth, scarcely

reaching beyond the middle of the truncation; the ventral plate

rather broadly truncate at the apex, finely, but distinctly serrate

at the sides. Basal joint of intermediate tarsi rather broad, with six

stout spines on the outer margin.

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Stradbroke Island, Moreton Bay

(H. Hacker), September 17, 1915.

This is intermediate between Thynnus and Zaspilo-

_

60 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

thynnus, and perhaps might be placed in the former genus.

The nearest ally seems to be Thynnus brisbanensis, Turn.,

but it is also very near Zaspilothynnus rufoluteus, Turn.

It differs from brisbanensis in the form of the hypopygium,

in the more oblique median segment, and in the less trun-

cate first dorsal segment, also in the colour of the legs and

apical abdominal segments. The distinct postscutellum

of the female is remarkable.

Family SCOLIIDAE.

Subfamily HLIDINAE.

Elis (Mesa) nursei, Turn.

Plesia nursei, Turn., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (8), iu,

p. 480, 1909, ¢.

Elis (Mesa) nursei, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soe. London, p. 721,

FS) Rep

Q. Nigra, capite thoraceque crasse, abdomine sparse punctatis,

pygidio longitudinaliter rugose striato, alis hyalinis, venis pallide

testaceis; tegulis testaceis, calcaribus albidis.

Long. 13 mm.

2. Clypeus with a low carina, strongly punctured, the apical

margin smooth and transverse. Head coarsely punctured, the

punctures on the front more or less confluent; scape smooth and

shining above, with a few strong piliferous punctures beneath;

pronotum coarsely punctured, mesonotum and scutellum rather

more sparsely punctured, the parapsidal furrows very distinct.

Median segment more finely punctured, not margined posteriorly,

the posterior slope rugulose, two convergent longitudinal carinae

from the base close to the middle of the median segment. Abdomen

rather sparsely and shallowly punctured, the punctures rather

large; sixth dorsal segment longitudinally rugose-striate, narrowly

rounded at the apex. Basal joint of the hind tarsi with a row of

close set hairs beneath. Second abscissa of the radius very little

shorter than the third, first recurrent nervure received just before

the middle of the second cubital cell, second just before three-

quarters from the base of the third cubital cell.

Hab. Stmua (Nurse), September.

This is nearest to #. ustulata, Turn., but the sculpture

is much coarser and the sixth dorsal segment much more

narrowly rounded than in that species. #. nurser Q was

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 61

identified by Cameron for Colonel Nurse as anthracina,

Sm.; but, as I have pointed out in other papers, that

insect is an Anthobosca and is Australian; not Indian, as

stated by Smith and Bingham.

Elis (Mesa) heterochroa, sp. n.

Q. Fusco-ferruginea; mandibulis apice, flagello, pleuris, sterno,

coxis posticis subtus, segmento mediano, segmento ventrali primo,

segmentisque dorsalibus 1-4 margine apicali late nigris; calcaribus

albidis; alis pallide flavo-hyalinis, venis fuscis; segmento dorsali

sexto longitudinaliter striato, apice truncato.

§. Niger; clypeo apice, mandibulis apice excepto, macula

transversa utrinque inter antennas, pronoto macula transversa

mediana, tegulis basi, segmentis dorsalibus 1-6 fascia angusta apicali

lateribus dilatata, in medio anguste interrupta, segmentis ventra-

libus 2-5 macula parva apicali utrinque, coxis subtus, femoribus

anticis posticisque subtus et apice, intermediis apice, tibiis anticis

intermediisque supra, posticis basi, tarsisque hic illic infuscatis,

flavis; alis hyalinis, stigmate venisque nigris.

Long. 9, 18 mm; 3, 17 mm.

Q. Clypeus sparsely but rather strongly punctured, with a low

median carina which does not reach the broadly truncated apex.

Head coarsely and closely punctured, more sparsely on the vertex

than on the front, antennal tubercles well defined. Scape smooth

above, beneath punctured, with long pale fulvous setae towards

the apex. Pronotum coarsely and closely punctured, subcarinate

longitudinally in the middle; scutellum and mesonotum rather

more sparsely punctured; pleurae more finely and shallowly

punctured. Median segment subopaque, with a longitudinal

impressed line on the dorsal surface, the puncturation shallow and

obscure, finer at the base than at the apex, the posterior slope

shallowly punctured-rugulose, the sides of the segment very finely

and closely striated and clothed with short white pubescence. Abdo-

men shining, sparsely punctured, more closely on the fourth and fifth

than on the basal segments, ventral segments more coarsely punctured

than the dorsal. Sixth dorsal segment closely longitudinally striated,

the apical margin broadly smooth and rather broadly truncate at

the apex. Second abscissa of the radius as long as the third, first

recurrent nervure received close to the middle of the second cubital

cell, second just before two-thirds from the base of the third cubital

cell Basal joint of the hind tarsi with a close row of hairs beneath

mingled with a few spines.

¢: Clypeus finely punctured, clothed with white pubescence,

-

62. Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

slightly convex, subcarinate longitudinally at the base. Inter-

antennal prominence bilobed ; the front rugose, the vertex punctured.

Head much broader than the thorax; rounded at the posterior

angles; the posterior ocelli further from the eyes than from each

other; antennae about as long as the head, thorax and median

segment combined. Thorax punctured, more finely and sparsely

on the scutellum than elsewhere, mesopleurae finely rugose; pro-

notum shorter than the mesonotum, the anterior margin straight,

the angles not prominent. Median segment closely and strongly

punctured. First abdominal segment long; the petiole occupying

rather more than the basal third of the segment, rather shorter than

the basal joint of the hind tarsi; the apical portion moderately

swollen, the extreme apex a little constricted; second segment

scarcely more than half as long as the first, broadened from the base,

longer than the apical breadth; third segment a little broader than

long; basal segment smooth and shining, the remaining segments

gradually becoming more strongly punctured; the punctures on

the sixth dorsal segment large but rather sparse; seventh segment

smooth at the base, with a few large punctures before the apex, the

apical emargination narrow, a little deeper than its apical breadth.

Second abscissa of the radius about equal to the third.

Hab. Nyasauanp, Mlanje (S. A. Neave), December to

June.

The female is very near FL. heterogamia, Sauss., which

occurs in the same district, and may prove to be only a

variety of that species, but the difference in the colour

of the legs and abdomen seems to be constant. The nine

females in the collection were taken from January to June,

seven of them in February, specimens of heterogamia being

taken from December to June. The male has the first

abdominal segment distinctly more elongate than in

clavata, Sauss., and the colour of the nervures is different.

In some specimens of the male the clypeus is wholly black,

and in some the yellow mark on the pronotum shows a

tendency to disappear.

Elis (Mesa) erythropoda, Turn.

Plesia (Mesa) erythropoda, Turn., Ann. and Mag. Nat.

Hist. (8), i, p. 505, 1908, 9.

The type was from Lake Ngami. Mr. Neave has sent

a series of the female from Mlanje, taken from January to

May. In these specimens the head is more sparsely

punctured than in the type.

= es

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 63

Elis (Mesa) arnoldi, sp. n.

9. Nigra; mandibulis dimidio apicali fusco-ferrugineis; flagello

subtus fusco; pronoto propleurisque rufis; calcaribus albidis ;

unguiculis pallide testaceis; alis hyalinis, venis fuscis.

Long. 9 mm.

Q. Clypeus subcarinate longitudinally in the middle, the apical

margin transverse and slightly depressed. Front closely and

strongly, vertex and pronotum less closely punctured; mesonotum

and scutellum sparsely punctured. Propleurae sparsely, meso-

pleurae very closely and strongly punctured; median segment

more finely and very closely punctured, with the usual shallow,

margined, longitudinal groove from the base, the sides of the segment

finely and closely striated. Abdomen rather closely and shallowly

punctured on the dorsal surface; the ventral surface more finely

and closely punctured at the base of the segments, the groove be-

tween the two basal ventral segments very deep as in other species

of the genus. Sixth dorsal segment closely punctured at the base,

the punctures towards the apex intermingled with fine longitudinal

striae, the apical margin broadly smooth and pale testaceous, broadly

rounded at the apex. Third abscissa of the radius twice as long as

the second, recurrent nervures received distinctly beyond the middle

of the second and third cubital cells. Basal joint of the hind tarsi

with a scopa of fine whitish hairs beneath.

Hab. 8. Ruopesta, Buluwayo (G. Arnold), March.

In colour this species somewhat resembles Anthobosca

erythronota, Cam., but is generically distinct. The sculpture

of the sixth dorsal segment separates it from all other

African species of Elis, the segment being nearly always

striated; in ZL. peringueyi, Sauss., in which it is punctured,

the punctures are very coarse and sparse.

Pterombrus williamsi, sp. n.

3g. Niger; mandibulis ferrugineis; abdomine segmentis tertio

quartoque apice lateribusque, quinto, sexto septimoque omnino

rufo-ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, venis nigris.

Long. 7 mm.

¢- Head shining, sparsely and rather finely punctured; antennal

tubercles well defined, forming short longitudinal carinae. Man-

dibles bidentate at the apex; labrum transverse, with an apical

fringe of hairs. Pronotum distinctly longer than the mesonotum,

the anterior margin distinctly raised, rather sparsely punctured ;

mesonotum rather more strongly punctured; scutellum as long as

-

64 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

the mesonotum; median segment very coarsely rugose, the sides

finely and closely striated. Abdomen smooth and shining, petiolate ;

the first segment as long as the second and third combined, very

narrow at the base, the apical half moderately swollen and slightly

constricted at the apex; the second segment twice as broad at the

apex as at the base; the recurved apical spine of the hypopygium

rather short. First recurrent nervure received just before one-

quarter from the base of the second cubital cell, second just before

one-third from the base of the third cubital cell. Third abscissa

of the radius as long as the second and first combined, second fully

twice as long as the first.

Hab. British Guiana, Bartica (C. B. Williams),

September.

This is distinguished from other known males of the

genus by the black basal and red apical segments of the

abdomen; the anterior margin of the pronotum is raised,

which is not the case in glabricollis, Diicke, or confusus, Sm.

Family PSAMMOCHARIDAE.

The two following species belong to the wide-ranging

genus Hpisyron, in which the tarsal ungues are bifid in

both sexes, the cubitus of the hindwing originating just

before the transverse median nervure, the third cubital

cell much shorter than the second and strongly narrowed

on the radius, the first dorsal segment clothed more or less

densely with scale-like hairs, and the male antennae rather

slender, with the joints not arcuate beneath. The labrum

is slightly exposed.

1. Episyron lepidohirtus, Turn.

Anoplius (Episyron) lepidohirtus, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc.

London, p. 331, 1910, 2 3.

This is a true Episyron, nearly related to the European

P. rufipes, the type of the genus. It is very closely related

to the New Guinea species #. papuensis, Sm.

Hab. N. QUEENSLAND, Mackay to Cooktown.

2. Episyron kurandensis, Turn.

Anoplius (Episyron) kurandensis, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc,

London, p. 333, 1910, °.

sean

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 65

The scale-like hairs on the first dorsal segment are not

very strongly developed in this species.

Hab. N. QuEENSLAND, Kuranda.

Genus PsAMMOcHARES, Latr.

The Australian species still included in this genus fall

into several sections, which will doubtless eventually be

raised to generic rank; but I consider it best to wait until

a more comprehensive revision is possible, in the meantime

defining certain groups of related species. One of these

groups, somewhat allied to Batozonus, Ashm., and Episyron,

Schiodte, has the tarsal ungues of both sexes bifid as in the

latter genus, but has the joints of the flagellum in the male

strongly arcuate beneath as in Batozonus, though shorter

than in that genus, and differs from both in having the

cubitus of the hindwing interstitial with the transverse

median nervure. The median segment of the female is

truncate at the apex and more or less emarginate, with a

distinct median sulcus on the dorsal surface; and the third

cubital cell is much narrowed on the radius. The sexual

dimorphism in the group is great, much greater than in

Episyron, though less than in Batozonus. The species

included are—

1. Psammochares consimilis, Sm.

Pompilus consimilis, Sm., Descr. new species Hymen.,

p. 152, 1879, 9.

Q. Nigra; fronte, vertice, pronotoque pilis brevissimis auran-

tiacis, subsquamosis, stratis, dense obtectis; postscutello macula

utrinque segmentoque mediano angulis posticis albo-pilosis; seg-

mentis dorsalibus 2-3 fascia transversa grisea utrinque; alis fuscis,

apice obscurioribus, venis fuscis.

3g. Niger; antennis fusco-ferrugineis, scapo supra infuscato,

segmento dorsali sexto albido; segmento mediano angulis posticis

albo-pilosis; fronte, pronoto, segmentis dorsalibus 1-3 fascia lata

basali, quarto quintoque omnino griseo-pubescentibus; alis fusco-

hyalinis, apice obscurioribus.

Long. 2, 14mm; 3, 12 mm.

Q. Clypeus widely but very shallowly emarginate at the apex,

the labrum exposed. Head somewhat flattened, the posterior ocelli

nearly twice as far from each other as from the hind margin of the

head. Second joint of the flagellum less than half as long again as

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PaRTI. (NOV.) F

-

66 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

the third. Pronotum arched posteriorly, not angulate, almost as

long as the mesonotum; scutellum depressed at the sides. Median

segment longer than the mesonotum, with a distinct median sulcus,

rather strongly emarginate at the apex, the apical slope almost

vertical. Second ventral segment convex, pygidium smooth.

Basal joint of the fore tarsi with four short spines, all the ungues

bifid. Third cubital cell pointed on the radius, subpetiolate.

6. Clypeus broadly and shallowly emarginate, the labrum ex-

posed. Head flattened, the front subcarinate longitudinally from

the anterior ocellus but grooved on the lower part towards the base

of the antennae, the posterior ocelli very near the hind margin of the

head; antennae stout, tapering towards the apex, very little longer

than the thorax and median segment combined, fifth to eleventh

joints of the flagellum strongly arcuate beneath. Hind margin of

the pronotum with a distinct angle in the middle. Median segment

without a distinct sulcus, the apical slope less abrupt than in the

female and less deeply emarginate. First abdominal segment long,

second ventral segment convex, with a distinct, though shallow,

transverse impressed line near the base. Third cubital cell not quite

pointed on the radius, but the third abscissa of the radius is ex-

tremely short. All the tarsal ungues bifid. The distance between

the base of the mandibles and the eyes is considerable.

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Mackay (Turner), March; Brisbane,

(Hacker), January and February.

The male has not been previously described ; the deserip-

tion is taken from two Mackay specimens; the specimen

from Brisbane is without the transverse groove near the

base of the second ventral segment, but does not differ

otherwise. The female shows no trace of such a groove,

the presence of which in males is most remarkabie. The

female has a strong superficial resemblance to Psammo-

chares frontalis, Fabr., which belongs to another section

of the genus and has the tarsal ungues unidentate, not

bifid.

2. Psammochares doddi, Turn.

Anoplius doddi, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 328,

L910; 2.

6. Niger; flagello articulis secundo tertioque subtus fulvis;

clypeo macula magna utrinque, pronoto margine posteriore, seg-

mento dorsali tertio fascia basali interrupta, segmento dorsali

septimo, calcariis, tibiisque posticis supra albido flavis; alis hyalinis,

fascia apicali fusca, extremo apice hyalinis. Var. segmento mediano

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 67

angulis apicalibus, segmentoque secundo dorsali macula basali

utrinque flavis.

Long. 8-9 mm.

$. Clypeus truncate at the apex, the labrum exposed. Fourth

to eleventh joints of the flagellum strongly arcuate beneath; eyes

only narrowly separated from the base of the mandibles. Head

somewhat flattened, the posterior ocelli very near the hind margin

of the head. Hind margin of the pronotum strongly arched, not

angulate. Median segment with a distinct longitudinal sulcus,

shorter than the mesonotum, steeply sloped posteriorly, but not

abruptly truncate, with patches of white pubescence at the apical

angles. First dorsal segment rather densely clothed with scale-like

hairs, as in the genus Hpisyron, fourth, fifth and sixth segments

covered with grey pubescence; second ventral segment convex,

seventh with a longitudinal carina. Third abscissa of the radius

about half as long as the second.

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Townsville (Dodd) ; Mackay (Turner),

January to March; Brisbane and Stradbroke Island

(Hacker), October to February; NorTHerN TERRITORY,

Alexandria (Stalker), January; Hermannsburg (Hillier),

April.

The femaleis easily distinguished by the fasciate forewings.

The following species are very closely allied to Episyron,

but differ in having the third cubital cell much larger than

the second and the cubitus of the hindwing in most speci-

mens interstitial with the transverse median nervure.

The forewings are crossed by two fuscous fasciae. They

form a generic group.

1. Psammochares limpidus, Turn.

Anoplius (Episyron) limpidus, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc.

London, p. 332, 1910, 2g.

This is not a true Hpisyron, and pending a revision,

must be retained in Psammochares.

Hab. N. QUEENSLAND, Kuranda.

2. Psammochares muiri, sp. n.

Q. Nigra; mandibulis basi, clypeo dimidio apicali, scapo, pronoto

margine postico, pedibusque anticis brunneo-ferrugineis; flagello

subtus, tegulisque fusco-ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, anticis fusco

bifasciatis.

Long. 8 mm.

Q. Clypeus transverse at the apex, clothed with delicate white

o

68 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

pubescence, microscopically punctured, with a very sparse trans-

verse row of large punctures near the middle, from each of which

springs a long black hair. Eyes distinctly divergent towards the

clypeus; the posterior ocelli as far from each other as from the eyes ;

a distinct frontal sulcus reaching the anterior ocellus. Antennae

slender, the second joint of the flagellum as long as the first and third

combined. Pronotum strongly arched posteriorly, not angulate

in the middle; scutellum rather strongly compressed laterally,

the dorsal surface small. Dorsal surface of the median segment

shorter than the scutellum, much broader than long, without a

median sulcus; the posterior slope oblique and clothed with short

whitish pubescence. Abdomen opaque, the basal dorsal segment

clothed with greyish scale-like hairs; sixth dorsal segment finely

punctured and sparsely clothed with long fuscous hairs, elongate

triangular; second ventral segment strongly convex. Third

abscissa of the radius longer than the second, as long as the second

transverse cubital nervure, the cubital margin of the third cubital

cell half as long again as that of the second; first recurrent nervure

received at two-thirds from the base of the second cubital cell,

second just beyond the middle of the third cubital cell. Cubitus of

the hindwing interstitial. Fore tarsi very feebly spined, the basal

joint with three short spines; hind tibiae feebly spinose. The basal

fascia of the forewing is not very broad and is situated on the outer

side of the basal nervure, not reaching the costa; the second fascia

very broad, crossing the wing, and occupying the whole of the radial

and second and third cubital cells.

Hab. AmBoins (F. Muir), October.

Kasily distinguished from limpidus by the colour of the

antennae and legs, but very close in structure.

Another group has the tarsal ungues unidentate in both

sexes; the joints of the flagellum in the male not arcuate

beneath; the second cubital cell always longer than the

third on the radius, though not always on the cubitus; the

median segment with a sulcus, usually strongly developed

from base to apex; and the fore tarsi of the female in most

species strongly spinose. The species are all black, with

white or grey pubescence, rarely with orange close-lying

hairs on the pronotum. To this section belong—

1. Psammochares senex, Turn.

Anoplius senex, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 327,

1910, 2.

Hab. VicTorta.

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 69

2. Psammochares atavus, Turn.

Anoplius atavus, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 326,

1910, 9.

Hab. N.W. AUSTRALIA.

3. Psammochares ahrimanes, Turn.

Anoplius ahrimanes, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc. London, p. 326,

1910, &.

Hab. N. QUEENSLAND.

4, Psammochares pluto, sp. n.

Q. Nigra; alis nigro-violaceis; flagello subtus fusco; unguiculis

unidentatis.

3g. Feminae simillimus; scapo subtus bruneo, orbitis internis

anguste flavis; unguiculis unidentatis.

Long. 9,17 mm.; 3, 14 mm.

Q. Clypeus broadly truncate at the apex, the labrum not exposed ;

second joint of the flagellum as long as the first and third combined,

the third distinctly longer than the fourth. Eyes slightly divergent

towards the clypeus, separated on the vertex by a distance equal

to the length of the third joint of the flagellum. Pronotum shorter

than the mesonotum, the posterior margin broadly arched, without

a distinct angle; scutellum narrowly truncate at the apex. Median

segment broader than long, without tubercles, rounded at the

posterior angles, gradually sloped posteriorly, with a deep median

sulcus from the base. Abdomen opaque, with a few long black

hairs on the sides near the apex; sixth dorsal segment rather

broadly rounded at the apex and sparsely clothed with long black

setae. Basal joint of fore tarsus with three moderately long spines

on the outer margin, hind tibiae spinose, tarsal ungues with one

tooth. Third abscissa of the radius a little longer than the first,

and more than two-thirds of the length of the second, submedian

cell equal in length to the median, second recurrent nervure received

beyond the middle of the third cubital cell, cubitus of the hind-wing

interstitial with the transverse median nervure.

¢g. Antennae not stout, the joints very slightly arcuate beneath,

second joint of the flagellum scarcely longer than the third. Clypeus

widely emarginate at the apex, the labrum exposed in the arch of

the emargination. Median segment as long as broad, without a

-

70 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

sulcus. Tarsal ungues unidentate, hind tibiae moderately spinose ;

neuration of wings as in the female.

Hab. Mackay, Q. (Turner), 1 2, November 1897; 1 3,

February 1899.

5. Psammochares frontalis, Fabr.

Sphex frontalis, Fabr., Syst. Entom., p. 349, 1775, 9.

Pompilus frontalis, Fabr., Syst. Piez., p. 188, 1804, ©.

The male is similar to the female, but has the pubescence

on the head and pronotum greyish instead of orange.

The seventh dorsal segment is broadly truncate at the

apex, the seventh ventral segment carinate longitudinally

and produced into a short spine at the apex.

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Brisbane and Mackay.

6. Psammochares semiluctuosus, Sm.

Pompilus semiluctuosus, Sm., Cat. Hym. B. M., iti, p. 166,

1855, Q.

This is a large species, with six long, slightly spatulate,

spines on the basal joint of the fore tarsi.

Hab. SYDNEY.

7. Psammochares berthoudi, sp. n.

2. Nigra, fronte, clypeo lateribus, pronoto marginibus, mesonoto

fascia transversa apicali, scutello angulis basalibus, postscutello

macula magna mediana, maculaque minore utrinque angulis

apicalibus, mesopleuris fascia obliqua, segmento mediano angulis

basalibus et apicalibus, segmento dorsali primo macula utrinque,

segmentis dorsalibus 1-5 macula transversa apicali utrinque, seg-

mentisque ventralibus secundo tertioque macula utrinque angulis

apicalibus albido-pubescentibus; alis fuscis, apice obscurioribus,

venis nigris; metatarso antico spinis septem longis instructo.

Long. 23 mm.

Q. Clypeus broadly truncate at the apex; second joint of the

flagellum very long, nearly as long as the third and fourth com-

bined; front flat, without a distinct sulcus, posterior ocelli much

nearer to each other than to the eyes. Pronotum strongly arched

posteriorly, not angulate; scutellum with a broad dorsal surface,

not very strongly compressed laterally. Median segment scarcely

longer than the pronotum, much broader than long, the suleus on

the dorsal surface very deep, the lateral tubercles not developed.

ee ee

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 71

Sixth dorsal segment broadly rounded at the apex, with sparse

punctures, each of which bears a long black hair. Basal joint of

the fore tarsi with seven long slightly spatulate spines; inter-

mediate and hind tibiae with a patch of grey pubescence at base

and apex, fore tibiae with a line of grey pubescence on the outer

side. Tarsal ungues unidentate. Second abscissa of the radius

more than half as long again as the third, the second cubital cell

as long on the cubitus as the third; first recurrent nervure received

at about one-sixth from the apex of the second cubital cell, second

close to the middle of the third cubital cell. Cubitus of hindwing

interstitial.

Hab. S.W. Avustratia, Waroona (G. F. Berthoud),

January.

This is a western form of semiluctuosis, differing little

from that species except in the presence of an additional

spine on the basal joint of the fore tarsi, and in the much

more broadly interrupted abdominal fasciae.

8. Psammochares melancholicus, Sm.

Pompilus melancholicus, Sm., Trans. Ent. Soc. London,

p. 244, 1868, 9 3.

This species closely resembles semiluctuosus in colour,

but is much smaller, the joints of the flagellum are less

elongate, the abdominal fasciae continuous, the sixth

dorsal segment much more narrowly rounded at the apex,

the basal joint of the fore tarsi with only three spines,

and the median segment with an oblique band of cinereous

pubescence on each side near the apex. The male has

the apical ventral segment with a low longitudinal carina,

the hairs on the segment and the apical fringe short; the

sixth ventral segment almost flat, not strongly convex.

Hab. S.W. Austratta, Yallingup (Lwrner), October to

December; Champion Bay (Du Boulay).

Smith’s type is unfortunately lost, but his description

of the species as only 5 lines long agrees with the present

species much better than with the larger allied species

occurring in the same locality. My specimens measure

oO 13 mm", 7 mm.

9. Psammochares vassei, sp. n.

9. Differs from melancholicus in the larger size, the female

measuring 18 mm., in the much broader apex of the sixth dorsal

-

72 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

segment, in the more convex base of the second ventral segment,

and in the presence of a fourth spine on the basal joint of the fore

tarsus.

6. Differs from melancholicus in the larger size, 11 mm; in the

strongly compressed sides of the apical ventral segment, which

leave the median carina very prominent, the segment is also covered

with long hairs, which are especially conspicuous along the carina

and on the apical fringe; the sixth ventral segment is more convex

than in melancholicus, and the fasciae of cinereous pubescence

which in melancholicus are confined to the three basal segments

extend in vassei to the sixth.

Hab, 8.W. Austrauia, Yallingup (Turner), December.

10. Psammochares bassianus, sp. 1.

9. Closely allied to vassei, but has three spines only on the basal

joint of the fore tarsi, the sixth dorsal segment is quite distinct,

the apical half of the segment being smooth, shining, and slightly

concave in bassianus, the apex a little produced and not very

broadly rounded, in vassei the segment is slightly convex throughout,

the apical half subopaque and very closely and minutely punctured

and very broadly rounded at the apex; in melancholicus the seg-

ment is more narrowly rounded at the apex than in either, convex

throughout, the apical quarter shining and almost smooth.

Hab. TasmantA, Eaglehawk Neck (7'urner), February.

Unfortunately I did not take the male. The group of

melancholicus seems to be very extensive and the species

very closely allied, but differing especially in the apical

segments of both sexes. I have two or three Eastern

Australian forms, but have not sufficient material from

which to describe them.

11. Psammochares labilis, Sm.

Pompilus labilis, Sm., Descr. new species Hymen., p. 151,

1879, 3 (as 9).

The thorax in this species is without pubescence in the

female, but the pronotum of the male is covered with

close-lying whitish hairs, the head also being covered with

similar hairs in both sexes except on a transverse band

across the ocellar region. The colour of the pubescence

varies from whitish to dull yellowish. The female has

three long spines on the basal joint of the fore tarsi.

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 73

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Townsville (Dodd), January and

February; NortTHerRN Territory, Port Darwin (G. F.

Hill); N.W. Austratta, Nicol Bay (Dr. Clement).

12. Psammochares basilicus, sp. n.

9. Nigra, capite luteo pubescente, fascia transversa in regione

ocellari nuda; segmento dorsali fascia angusta apicali subinter-

rupta, secundo tertioque macula transversa utrinque cinereo-

pubescente; segmento mediano lateribus ante apicem distinctissime

tuberculato.

Long. 19 mm.

Q. Very near P. labilis, but may be distinguished from that

species by the absence of the very broad abdominal fasciae, by the

presence of four long spines on the basal joint of the fore tarsi;

the median segment has a very deep median sulcus and a blunt

tubercle on each side before the apical angles, the tubercle being

almost obsolete in labilis; in both the apical dorsal segment is

broadly rounded at the apex, but the puncturation of the segment,

though very minute in both, is more distinct in /abilis. The second

abscissa of the radius is scarcely twice as long as the third in bastlicus,

and in West Australian specimens of labilis, but about four times as

long in Queensland specimens of labilis.

Hab, N. QUEENSLAND, Townsville (Dodd).

Nearly allied to this group but differing in having the

submedian cell distinctly longer than the median in both

sexes and the tarsal ungues in the male bifid are the two

following species—

1. Psammochares amoenulus, Turn.

Anoplius amoenulus, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc. London,

p. 329, 1910, 9.

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Brisbane and Mackay.

.2. Psammochares elatus, Sm.

Pompilus elatus, Sm., Journ. Linn. Soc. Zool., viii, p. 82,

1864, 9.

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Mackay and Townsville; Motuccas,

Morty Island.

Another generic group is easily distinguished by the

coarse eranulation of the thorax, especially strong on the

median segment; by the very long submedian cell, which

is much longer than the median; by the very short third

-

74 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

cubital cell, which is twice as long on the cubitus as on

the radius, but no longer on the cubitus than the length

of the third transverse cubital nervure; by the red colour

of the thorax and median segment, and by the unidentate

tarsal ungues. To this group belong—

1. Psammochares erythrostethus, Sm.

Pompilus erythrostethus, Sm., Cat. Hym. B. M., iii, p. 162,

1855, 9.

The male of this wide-ranging species is unknown, but

I have seen a male closely resembling this female, but

with red legs, from Western Australia.

Hab. 8.W. Ausrrauia, Yallingup (Turner), November

to January; Tasmania, Eaglehawk Neck (Twrner),

February; QUEENSLAND, Mackay.

2. Psammochares perpuleher, sp. n.

9. Rufo-ferruginea; capite nigro; scapo subtus, mandibulis

clypeoque ferrugineis; tarsis infuscatis; alis hyalinis, tertio apicali

fasciaque mediana fuscis.

Long. 7 mm.

9. Second joint of the flagellum as long as the first and third

combined; the clypeus and lower part of the front clothed with

silver pubescence. Head finely and very closely punctured;

posterior ocelli further from the eyes than from each other. Thorax

closely and very distinctly punctured; pronotum very widely

arched posteriorly; scutellum subquadrate. Median segment

coarsely granulate, without a sulcus, with short, spare, white

pubescence. Abdomen shining, the punctures microscopic; sixth

dorsal segment with a few large scattered punctures, broadly

rounded at the apex. Fore tarsi with a short comb, the basal

joint with four short spines. Cubitus of the hindwing originating

just beyond the transverse median nervure.

Hab. QUEENSLAND, Townsville (Dodd), August.

Differs from erythrostethus in the smaller size, the sculp-

ture of the thorax, the colour of the abdomen and legs,

and the much shorter spines of the fore tarsi.

Agenioideus expulsus, sp. n.

9. Nigra; pronoto margine postico late, tibiisque posticis macula

basali albidis; calcaribus pallidis; alis hyalinis, anticis fusco

bifasciatis, venis nigris.

ee

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 75

g. Feminae similis; tibiis intermediis etiam basi albido macu-

latis; segmento dorsali septimo albido; alis fascia basali sub-

obsoleta.

Long. 2, 7-8 mm.; 3, 7 mm.

Q. Clypeus short toad broadly truncate at the apex; antennae

about as long as the thorax and median segment combined, the

second joint of the flagellum as long as the first and third com-

bined. Pronotum broadly arcuate posteriorly, not angulate;

scutellum convex. Median segment slightly convex, oblique, the

dorsal and posterior surfaces not separated, rather thinly covered

with short white pubescence. Abdomen subopaque; the apical

dorsal segment subtriangular, with a few rather long dark hairs.

Tarsal ungues unidentate. Cubitus of the hindwing received at a

distance beyond the transverse median nervure equal to the length

of the transverse cubital nervure; submedian cell of the forewing

very slightly longer than the median; third abscissa of the radius

scarcely more than half as long as the second, the third cubital

cell shorter on the cubitus than the second. The fascia on the

basal nervure narrow, that from the radial cell broad, filling the

second and third cubital cells.

6. Tarsal ungues as in the female, but the tooth rather nearer

to the apex.

Hab. QuEENSLAND, Mackay (Turner), November to

March.

This seems to be undoubtedly congeneric with A. humilis,

Cress., from N. America, the type of Ashmead’s genus.

The description of the genus, however, is far from accurate.

The cubitus of the hindwing in all species of the genus

known to me originates well beyond the transverse median

nervure, though not so far as in the ptesent species. The

Indian Pompilus maculipes, Sm., also belongs to this genus.

Genus AUSTROSALIUS, gen. nov.

®. Head small, flattened, rather longer than broad; clypeus

very short, broadly truncate at the apex; the labrum exposed,

emarginate at the apex. Pronotum long, sometimes longer than

the mesonotum, sometimes a little shorter; median segment either

vertically or obliquely truncate, opaque and smooth, with a median

sulcus, the sides parallel, without tubercles; abdomen rather

narrow, convex, the sides of the four basal segments almost parallel ;

the transverse line on the second ventral segment visible, but not

deeply impressed. Fore femora very stout; fore tarsi without a

all

76 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

comb; hind tibiae with a few small spines, not serrate. Second

abscissa of the radius at least as long as the third, the recurrent

nervures received at the middle of the second and of the third

cubital cells; submedian cell of the forewing very slightly longer

than the median; cubitus of the hindwing either interstitial with

or originating just beyond the transverse median nervure. Male

unknown.

Type of the genus Ferreolomorpha artemis, Turn.

1. Austrosalius artemis, Turn.

Ferreolomorpha artemis, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc. London,

p. 325, 1910, 9.

Hab. Mackay, Q. (Turner), October to March.

2. Austrosalius malignus, Sm.

Salius malignus, Sm., Journ. Proce. Linn. Soc. Zool., ii,

p. 157, 1858, 9.

This is the only other species of the genus known to me.

It is much larger than artemis, and the mesonotum is much

longer, the colour of the antennae and of the wings is also

different. It has not been recorded from Australia.

Hab. Aru (Wallace).

Nearly allied to this genus are the South Indian Pseuda-

genia rava, Bingh., and an allied species which seems to

be undescribed; but in which the submedian cell is much

longer, the head rather larger and the labrum not so

strongly exposed. The tarsal ungues are bifid in these

species, not unidentate as in Austrosalius. For this genus

I propose the name

CRYPTOSALIUS, gen. nov.

Type of the genus Pseudagenia rava, Bingh.

1. Cryptosalius rava, Bingh.

Pseudagenia rava, Journ. Proce. Linn. Soc. Zool., xxv,

p. 426, 1896, 9.

Hab. BANGALORE (Bingham); CormBatore (T. V. Rama

Krishna), February.

2 —_— UCU

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 1%

2. Cryptosalius pandiyanus, sp. n.

9. Nigra, albopilosa; mandibulis ferrugineis, apice nigris; an-

tennis tarsisque anticis fuscis; alis flavohyalinis, apice late infu-

matis, venis testaceis; vertice, pronoto postice, segmento mediano

postice, segmentis dorsalibus 1-4 fascia lata apicali, segmentoque

sexto, dense albopubescentibus; pronoto elongato, mesonoto duplo

longiore.

Long. 6-8 mm.

Q. Head longer than the greatest breadth; clypeus short, the

apical margin widely and very shallowly emarginate. Posterior

ocelli about half as far again from the eyes as from each other;

inner margins of the eyes parallel; the front with a distinct but

very shallow longitudinal sulcus extending to the anterior ocellus.

Front, pronotum and median segment, except broadly posteriorly,

clothed with very short and sparse fulvous pubescence. Antennae

short and stout, not more than twice as long as the head, second

and third joints of the flagellum subequal. Pronotum at least

twice as long as the mesonotum, narrower than the head, as long

as the greatest breadth, very slightly narrowed anteriorly. Meso-

notum very short; median segment shorter than the pronotum,

obliquely sloped posteriorly, the sides parallel. Second ventral

segment with a distinct transverse groove near the base. The

whole ventral surface clothed with very delicate silver pubescence.

Anterior tibiae produced at the apex without and ending in two

spines; hind tibiae smooth. Second abscissa of the radius longer

than the third; first recurrent nervure received close to the middle

of the second cubital cell, second at about three-quarters from the

base of the third cubital cell; submedian cell much longer than

the median, cubitus of the hindwing interstitial with the transverse

median nervure.

Hab. Coimpatore, 8. India (7. V. Rama Krishna),

January to August.

This is a much smaller species than C. rava, and may

be distinguished by the very much longer pronotum,

which in rava is much broader than long and, no longer

than the mesonotum. The third cubital cell is shorter

than in rava and receives the recurrent nervure nearer to

the apex. There is some difference in the present species

in the length of the third cubital cell, specimens taken in

July and August having the third abscissa of the radius

as long as or longer than the second. The type was taken

in January. There is also some variation in the position

78 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

of the second recurrent nervure. But I regard these as

individual variations only.

Cryptochilus commixtus, Turn.

Cryptocheilus commiztus, Turn., Proc. Zool. Soc. London,

p. 317, 1910, 9 g.

This species belongs to the group in which the male has

the tarsal ungues bifid, while they are unidentate in the

female. This structure is found in a considerable number

of oriental and Malayan species, also in one or two Ethio-

pian species, but not as far as I know in any other Australian

Cryptochilus. Superficially the species closely resembles

Hemipepsis australasiae, but is not as plentiful and has a

mote limited range.

Hab. Mackay and Carrns, Q.

The nearest ally is C. basimacula, Cam., from New

Britain.

Genus CypHononyx, Dahlb.

Cyphononyx, Dahlb., Hymen. Europ., i, p. 461, 1843.

This genus was founded on the single character of the

bifid tarsal ungues. But I am very doubtful if it will

eventually stand, owing to the fact that a considerable

number of species have males with the bifid tarsal ungues

of Cyphononyx and females with the unidentate ungues

of Cryptocheilus. At present I retain the name for those

species in which the tarsal ungues are bifid in both sexes.

Taken in this sense there is only one Australian species of

the genus.

Cyphononyx aspasia, Sm.

Mygnimia aspasia, 8m., Journ. Proc. Linn. Soc. Zool., iii,

p. 157, 1858, 9.

A beautiful large species with yellow wings and the

abdomen glossed with blue.

Hab. Mackay and Kuranpa, Q. (Turner); New Guinea ;

Arn (Wallace); Ké (Stalker).

Cyphononyx vitiensis, sp. n.

Q. Nigra; capite, antennis, pronoto, mesonoto lateribus, tegulis,

scutello, postscutello apice, segmentis abdominalibus tertio apice,

quarto, quinto sextoque, pedibusque fulvo-ferrugineis; alis flavo-

—

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 79

aurantiacis, anticis matula magna mediana fusco-purpurea, apice

leviter infuscatis, venis ferrugineis. ,

6: Feminae similis; mesonoto fusco-ferrugineo.

Long. 2, 18-21 mm.; 3g, 18 mm.

2. Clypeus broad and transverse at the apex; labrum scarcely

exposed, very broadly rounded at the apex and with a fringe of

long fulvous hairs. Antennal prominence somewhat porrect, very

feebly bilobed and divided by a strong longitudinal sulcus. Second

joint of the flagellum a little longer than the first and third com-

bined. Posterior ocelli further from the eyes than from each

other. Pronotum short, rounded at the anterior angles, the posterior

margin very broadly arched. Head and pronotum sparsely, meso-

notum and scutellum closely, covered with short dark golden

pubescence, the mesonotum and scutellum very finely and closely

punctured; scutellum with a flat dorsal surface, broadly rounded

at the apex; postscutellum subcarinate longitudinally in the

middle, slightly produced in the middle posteriorly and rounded

at the apex. Median segment with a blunt tubercle on each side

at the base, with a deep median sulcus from base to apex, opaque,

with very minute and indistinct transverse striae; the posterior

slope oblique, not abruptly separated from the dorsal surface,

sparsely clothed with fuscous hairs. Abdomen highly polished,

with a few small scattered punctures; sixth dorsal segment more

coarsely punctured, narrowly rounded at the apex, densely clothed

with golden pubescence intermingled with coarse fulvous setae.

Hind tibiae rather feebly serrate; tarsal ungues bifid; spines of

the fore tarsi rather short. First recurrent nervure received at

about three-quarters from the base of the second cubital cell, second

just before the middle of the third cubital cell; third abscissa of

the radius nearly half as long again as the second; cubitus of the

hindwing interstitial with the transverse median nervure; sub-

median cell of the forewing longer than the basal.

6. Antennae very long, measuring 15 mm., the whole length of

the insect being 18 mm.; groove near the base of the second

ventral segment very distinct, quite as deep as in the female;

seventh dorsal segment very broadly rounded at the apex; sixth

ventral segment widely emarginate at the apex, with a short acute

spine on each side at the apical angles; seventh ventral segment

flat, subquadrate, broadly truncate at the apex.

Hab. Fist (British Museum ex Crawley Coll.); Fiji

(R. C. L. Perkins), Fiji, Natova, Nadi (R. Veitch), October.

Not very nearly related to any other species known to

me, though nearer to the group of C. flavus, Fabr., than

all

80 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

to C. aspasia, Sm., and the related species C. intrepida,

Sm., and C. confector, Sm.

Genus Hemipepsis, Dahlb.

Hemipepsis, Dahlb., Hymen. Europ., i, p. 123, 1843.

I think this is a good genus and distinct from Crypto-

cheilus, Panz. After much consideration I disagree with

Schulz, who uses Shuckard’s name Mygnimia for the

genus. This name was published in 1840, and therefore

has priority over Hemipepsis. But no species are given

in Shuckard’s work, and the single character given, the

position of the first recurrent nervure, would apply to other

species not included in Hemipepsis, such as some species

of Cyphononyx, equally well. Thus Shuckard’s name

should, in common with other names in the same work,

be treated as a nomen nudum, and only date from Smith’s

publication of the name in 1855. There is only one

Australian species of Hemipepsis.

Hemipepsis australasiae, Sm.

Mygrimaa australasiae, Sm., Ann. and Mag. Nat. Hist. (4),

xl, p. 259, 1873.

This seems to me to be the Australian form of the

Indo-Malayan H. auwreosericeus, Guér. It has a wide

range in Australia, especially in the northern half of the

continent.

Hab. Cooktown, Cairns and Mackay, Q.; Hermanns-

burg, Central Australia; Fowler’s Bay, S.A.

Family CRABRONIDAE.

Subfamily AMPULICINAE.

Ampulex crawshayi, sp. n.

9. Viridi-cyanea; antennis tarsisque nigris; mandibulis ferru-

gineis; alis hyalinis, venis nigris, anticis in cellulis radiali, cubitali

secundo discoidalique secundo leviter infuscatis; abdomine seg-

mentis apicalibus fortiter compressis.

Long. 20 mm.

9. Carina of the clypeus sharply bent downwards near the apex,

produced into a short blunt apical tooth. Second joint of the

flagellum about equal to the combined length of the third and

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 81

fourth; eyes separated on the vertex by a distance slightly less

than the length of the second joint of the flagellum. Head strongly

rugosely punctured, less coarsely on the vertex than on the front,

the median frontal carina not nearly reaching the anterior ocellus,

the lateral carinae curved, not straight, and meeting above the

anterior ocellus. Pronotum rather long, narrowed anteriorly,

sparsely punctured, produced posteriorly into a low tubercle, with

a median sulcus reaching to the base of the tubercle, the anterior

half of the sulcus with a few short transverse striae. Mesonotum

and scutellum smooth, with a few scattered punctures. Median

segment broader in the middle than long, the third carina in the

middle as far from the fourth as from the second; the tubercles

at the apical angles elongate triangular, not curved. Second

dorsal segment at least one-quarter longer than the breadth in the

middle, the sides not strongly convex; the three apical segments

very strongly compressed laterally. Hind tibiae very sparsely

punctured; fifth joint of the tarsi inserted at the base of the

fourth, the latter not reaching the middle of the fifth joint. Length

of the radius beyond the third cubital nervure less than half of

the length of the second transverse cubital nervure. Three cubital

cells.

Hab. NyAsauanp, Kondowi, Lower Nyika (R. Craw-

shay), June.

In the compression of the apical segments of the abdo-

men this species resembles A. sibirica, Fabr. (compressi-

ventris, Guér.); but in neuration is close to assimilis, Kohl.,

which, however, differs much in sculpture and other

points.

Ampulex kristenseni, sp. n.

' 9. Viridi-cyanea; clypeo antennisque nigris; tarsis fuscis; man-

dibulis, tibiis anticis, femoribusque ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, venis

nigris, cellula radiali leviter infuscata.

Long. 16 mm.

9. Clypeus strongly convex, porrect, the carina not produced

into a tooth at the apex. Second joint of the flagellum as long as

the third and fourth combined; eyes separated on the vertex by

a distance scarcely exceeding the length of the second joint of the

flagellum. Head rugosely punctured, the median frontal carina

very short, not nearly reaching the anterior ocellus, the lateral

frontal carinae well developed. Pronotum shining, feebly and

irregularly transversely striated, with a median sulcus on the

anterior portion, raised into a tubercle at the apex. Mesonotum

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PARTI. (NOV.) G

-

82 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of

in the middle and scutellum with a few scattered punctures, the

sides of the mesonotum more closely punctured. Median segment

as in conigera, Kohl., but with the tubercles at the apical angles

much smaller and less curved. Second dorsal segment much

broader than long, shorter than in conigera; second ventral seg-

ment convex at the base as in conigera. Fifth joint of the tarsi

inserted close to the base of the fourth joint. Three cubital cells,

the length of the radius beyond the junction of the third transverse

cubital nervure equal to the length of the second transverse cubital

nervure.

Hab. AsysstntA, Harar (Kristensen).

Very nearly allied to conigera, Kohl., but differs, as

pointed out in the description, also in the much greater

length of the radius beyond the third cubital cell, and in

the narrower apical portion of the clypeus and shorter

frontal carina.

Subfamily STIZIN AL.

Stizus pacificus, sp. n.

9. Nigra; labro, clypeo macula magna utrinque, orbitis interiori-

bus, scapo subtus, flagello subtus, callis humeralibus, mesonoto

angulis posticis, scutello macula utrinque, postscutello fascia

angusta interrupta, segmento mediano angulis posticis, segmentis

dorsalibus 1-4 macula transversa apicali utrinque, 2-5 striga

transversa apicali in medio, tibiis anticis, intermediis subtus, tar-

sisque anticis subtus flavis; tibiis posticis tarsisque ferrugineis;

mandibulis fusco-ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, leviter infuscatis, venis

fusco-ferrugineis; segmento mediano angulis lateralibus fortiter

excisis.

Long. 10 mm.

2. Eyes separated at the base of the clypeus by a distance half

as great again as the length of the scape. Head and thorax sub-

opaque, very closely and minutely punctured and covered with

very short fuscous pubescence, which is closer on the mesonotum

than on the head; median segment much more strongly punctured,

thinly covered with short whitish pubescence; abdomen rather less

strongly punctured than the median segment, with faint blue tints

in certain lights, sixth dorsal segment very closely punctured.

Second cubital cell not petiolate, the first abscissa of the radius at

least three times as long as the second.

Hab. F131, Natova, Nadi (R. Veitch), October.

This belongs to the group of S. tridens, Fabr., but

Hymenoptera in the British Museum. 83

differs in the colouring, especially of the legs, from the

allied species. The infuscation of the wings is caused by

numerous small hairs.

Subfamily CRABRONINAE.

Entomognathus rugosissimus, sp. n.

9. Nigra; abdomine pedibusque ferrugineis; coxis anticis, tro-

chanteribus anticis, femoribusque anticis subtus nigris; tegulis

testaceis; alis fuscis, venis nigris; clypeo argenteo-pubescente.

Long. 8 mm.

Q. Mandibles deeply excised on the outer margin, simple at the

apex. Clypeus raised into a porrect tubercle just above the middle

of the apical margin, with a very short blunt tooth on each side

near the apical angles. Eyes hairy, the facets in front rather

larger than elsewhere. Head large, but not broader than the

thorax; front broad, the eyes separated at the base of the clypeus

by a distance equal to the length of the scape; antennae short

and stout, the third joint of the flagellum as long as the second;

ocellar region and vertex very coarsely punctured; ocelli in a very

broad triangle, the posterior pair far apart, but nearly as far from

the eyes as from each other, an irregular oblique groove from each

posterior ocellus reaching almost to the eye. Pronotum trans-

verse, rounded at the angles, punctured; mesonotum coarsely

punctured-rugose; scutellum with sparse large punctures; meso-

pleurae coarsely, but rather sparsely, punctured, with a smooth

groove in front for the reception of the anterior femora. Median

segment very short, the dorsal surface only half as long as the

scutellum; the basal area very broadly rounded at the apex,

with several strong longitudinal carinae; the posterior slope

‘abrupt, almost smooth, with a broad shallow median groove narrow-

ing towards the apex. Abdomen sessile, the basal segment the

broadest, the two basal dorsal segments with sparse, but rather

large, punctures; the remaining segments with small scattered

punctures; sixth dorsal segment rather narrowly triangular, clothed

with golden pubescence. Hind tibiae hairy, almost unarmed, with

feeble serrations near the apex; fore tarsi unarmed. Recurrent

nervure received at three-quarters from the base of the cubital cell;

radial cell broadly truncate at the apex, the transverse cubital

nervure received at the middle of the radial cell.

Hab. Nyasatanp, Mlange (S. A. Neave), January.

This is very distinct in colour and sculpture from other

species of the genus, but does not differ much in structural

characters.

_

84 Mr. R. E. Turner on New Species of Hymenoptera.

Crabro veitchi, sp. n.

2. Nigra; flagello, pronoto, callis humeralibus, scutello angulis

anticis, postscutelloque fascia transversa flavis; mandibulis apice

excepto, tegulis, segmentis dorsalibus secundo dimidio basali, sex-

toque, ventralibus primo, secundo dimidio basali, quinto, sextoque,

pedibusque ferrugineis; alis hyalinis, leviter infuscatis, venis fuscis.

Long. 11 mm.

9. Mandibles tridentate at the apex; clypeus porrect, triangu-

larly emarginate at the apex, not carinate, clothed with silver

pubescence. Eyes with very large facets in front, separated at

the base of the clypeus by a distance equal to the length of the

second joint of the flagellum, a groove along the inner margin of

the eyes near the summit. Second joint of the flagellum nearly

as long as the first and third combined. Head large and massive,

broader than the thorax, minutely and closely punctured, the

temples very broad and clothed with silver pubescence; ocelli in

a wide triangle, the posterior pair as far from each other as from

the eyes, fully half as far again from the posterior margin of

the head as from each other. Pronotum transverse, rounded at the

anterior angles; mesonotum very finely punctured-rugulose on the

anterior half, more sparsely punctured posteriorly, a broad depres-

sion from the anterior margin to the middle. Scutellum and post-

scutellum shining, with scattered punctures; propleurae vertically

striated; mesopleurae sparsely and rather coarsely punctured,

without a groove for the intermediate or hind femora. Median

segment closely and rather strongly punctured, the triangular

basal area defined by grooves and with a median longitudinal

groove, the sides of the segment closely and rather strongly obliquely

striated. Abdomen petiolate, smooth and shining, the first seg-

ment longer than the second and third combined, slender, the

apical half moderately swollen, not constricted at the apex; second

segment nearly as broad at the apex as the third, the second ventral

segment with a small, oblong, pubescent, opaque mark on each side

near the base; fifth dorsal segment minutely punctured; pygidial

area very narrow, lanceolate. Recurrent nervure received just

beyond three-quarters from the apex of the cubital cell; transverse

cubital nervure received close to the middle of the radial cell.

Hind tibiae serrate.

Hab. F131, Natova (R. Veitch), April.

The petiolate abdomen gives this insect somewhat the

appearance of a Dasyproctus, but it does not belong to

that genus, but does not seem to be closely allied to any

described Crabro.

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1917, Plate I.

Stauropus malgassica @

v

Elzodes proteoides

Borolia carneotincta

Perigea rubidata

Scalmicauda obliquifasciata

Andre, Sleith & Anglo, Ltd

NEw HETEROCERA FROM MADAGASCAR.

( 85)

III. New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. By

Sir Gro. H. Kenrick, F.ES.

[Read May 2nd, 1917.]

Pirates I-VI.

,In continuation of a paper read before the Society on

November 5th, 1913, I now submit a further list of insects

taken in Madagascar by Mr. Felix B. Pratt in 1910.

There still remain the Geometridae to be described, and

among them there appear to be many interesting forms.

I have again to thank Sir George Hampson and

his assistants for their very kind help in the work of

identification.

I wish that it had been possible to compare the insects

with types to be found in Continental cabinets before pub-

lishing these descriptions, but as that is out of the question

for the present, I let these go out as they are.

NOTODONTIDAE.

Stauropus malgassiea, sp.n. Plate I.

Head, thorax, base and shaft of antennae, upper part of palpi

white; base of palpi and fringes round eyes dark brown; antennae

chestnut; legs white, tarsi blackish; abdomen, base and last two

segments white, remainder grey. Fore-wing white; an oblique

basal black line from costa to eell; followed by an antemedian

black line, oblique with strong angulation in the cell, and a thicken-

ing at inner margin, which in the female develops into a round

spot; the median line is faint and not visible beyond the middle

of the cell; the postmedian line has three distinct angulations

and the subterminal is composed of 6 V-shaped marks; there are

4 dark dots on the costa beyond the postmedian line. Hind-wing

white, slightly fuscous towards the inner margin, with a dark

subterminal line. Exp. 50 mm.

Stauropus lilaeina, sp.n. Plate I.

Head, thorax, and legs pale grey; tibiae darker, antennae dark

brown, abdomen grey, the two last segments lighter. Fore-wing

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PaRTI. (NOV.)

86 Sir Geo. H. Kenrick on

pale grey suffused with lilac with dark brown lines; basal line

oblique and diffused, antemedian line oblique and angulated;

median line faint and interrupted; postmedian double, angulated,

and not very oblique; in the female with a round spot just before

the inner margin; subterminal line composed of 6 V-shaped mark-

ings; a more or less pronounced dark shade beyond the antemedian

line, most conspicuous towards costa. Hind-wing dark grey, fringes

pale. Exp. 50 mm.

Sealmicauda obliquifasciata, sp.n. Plate I.

Head and legs reddish brown, palpi paler, antennae and collar‘

dark brown; thorax above pinkish; abdomen dark at the base,

then ochreous, but tuft blackish. Fore-wing pinkish brown, with

a brownish cloud, more or less intense, from cell to costa; a fine

double line from middle of inner margin to apex; an irregular

dark brown transverse line at base, reaching half across wing,

followed by an angulated antemedian line; the 3 stigmata are of

the ground-colour, but outlined by fine dark lines fringes dark.

Hind-wing pale straw-colour with fringes concolorous. Exp.

44 mm.

Varies a good deal in intensity of colour, and the stig-

mata in some specimens are more or less black.

Secalmicauda ochreopicta, sp.n. Plate II.

Somewhat like the foregoing, but has no oblique line; the stig-

mata are barely discernible, and in most specimens the area at

base of wing and at the angle is spotted with pale ochreous. Hind-

wing much darker than in the preceding species. Exp. 40 mm.

Sealmicauda pratti, sp.n. Plate IT.

Head, legs, palpi, and thorax reddish brown, shaft of antennae

pale; abdomen reddish brown, paler beneath, tuft of the same

colour. Fore-wing reddish brown, mottled with pale ochreous,

which forms a patch extending from cell to near apex; a black

spot at base of wing, and a whitish horizontal line extending from

base to near middle of inner margin, where it meets an irregular

transverse pale line extending to costa; a black streak at end of

cell, and a pale postmedian waved line with dark border; 8 black

dots form a subterminal line, and a pale line precedes the margin.

Hind-wing reddish ochreous. Exp. 34 mm.

“AVOSVOVGV], NONA VAHOONULAR MAN

PY ‘O§ay ® Qslelg ‘aIpuy

eyesejdoaiyso eljayng eyejnsuell] eayoesy

eyO1doona| eayaely

eoISSeBjeW eI]aWSODY

eysnqgol eiAWasolaeyW

eyDI1doaiydo0 epned| Wess

eyeasis easliad

e[nAled eyjol0g

FONG

TT Md ‘LI6I “puoy ‘205 jug “suvay

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 87

NOCTUIDAE.

Trachea triangulata, sp.n. Plate II.

Head, legs, palpi, and thorax pinkish ochreous, a pale line at

base of collar; abdomen ochreous at base and then pinkish. Fore-

wing pale pinkish brown, with a conspicuous triangle having its

apex on inner margin, and of a dark chestnut colour; inside the

base of the triangle is a semicircular band of the ground-colour.

The triangular marking is edged with a fine pink line, and there is

a straight subterminal line. Hind-wing whitish ochreous, fringes

of both wings pinkish. Exp. 30 mm.

Daseochaeta malgassiea, sp.n. Plate IV.

Head, legs, palpi, and thorax apple-green with black markings,

antennae pale brown; abdomen blackish with pale green tufts, the

last segment bright green. ore-wing apple-green, with 7 or 8 black

spots on costa, a black basal patch and antemedian, median, and

postmedian interrupted black lines, the latter connected above

the inner margin by a black dash to the subterminal line, which is

outwardly bordered by a silvery white line; there are also black

dashes along the inner margin, and a row of black dots on the

hind margin. Hind-wing uniformly smoky with two transverse

darker striae, fringes paler. Exp. 42 mm.

Hypoperigea minuseula, sp. n. Plate I.

Head, legs, and palpi ochreous with a pink tinge, antennae dark

brown; thorax ochreous with scattered black scales; abdomen

ochreous with a smoky tinge. Fore-wing dark brown with ochreous

spots, the whole suffused with a faint purple gloss; a dark basal

line is followed by two ochreous blotches and then an antemedian

line; the postmedian line is parallel with the hind margin, and

between them are three ochreous blotches, besides a small one at

end of cell; both inner and hind margins have ochreous patches on

them. Hind-wing uniformly smoky, fringes paler. Exp. 36 mm.

Hypoperigea variegata, sp. n. Plate I.

Head and palpi reddish ochreous; antennae pale brown; legs

ochreous with dark rings on tarsi; thorax whitish above, patagia

dark; abdomen dark ochreous paler between segments. Fore-

wing dark yellowish grey, with pale ochreous blotches; a whitish

spot at base, with indications of a dark basal line; an interrupted

black antemedian line, and a curved and angulated postmedian

line; the stigmata outlined with black, and the reniform filled with

-

88 Sir Geo. H. Kenrick on

white and continued beyond, making a large round spot. There

are two pale blotches on the inner margin, and two on the hind

margin, with a dark streak between them. Hind-wing very pale

with dusky margin, fringes pale. Exp. 40 mm.

Perigea rubidata, sp. n. Plate I.

Head, antennae, palpi, and legs reddish, the tarsi ringed with

darker, collar dark with whitish crest; thorax and patagia dark

with whitish scales; abdomen reddish brown with darker crests

and yellowish tuft. Fore-wing dark brown suffused with pink,

costa broadly covered with whitish scales; a conspicuous curved

central streak from base to costa very dark, and a dark spot on

costa beyond end of cell. The stigmata are pale, but the clavi-

form has a dark streak in it; there is an indistinct pale subterminal

line, and some dark streaks before the hind margin. Hind-wing

reddish brown. Exp. 42 mm.

Perigea griseata, sp. n. Plate II.

Head, antennae, palpi, and legs reddish, the tarsi ringed with

darker; collar dark brown, patagia pale ochreous; abdomen

yellowish ochreous, crests not developed. Fore-wing whitish

ochreous, the stigmata, which are large, outlined with black, with

a black space between them; an antemedian line starting from

near base on costa curves outward to inner margin; a postmedian

line is nearly straight, the space between these is filled in with

dark blackish-brown; there is a waved and interrupted subterminal

line, and some dark streaks near it. Hind-wing uniformly ochreous,

fringes paler. Exp. 38 mm.

Macrosemyra robusta, sp. n. Plate II.

Near to M. tenebrosa, Butl., but the wings are squarer, and the

insect decidedly stouter. Head, legs, palpi, and antennae brown;

thorax and abdomen darker and shaggy. Fore-wing with scales

slightly raised, giving them a rough appearance, dark brown, but

the costa bright brown, especially underneath; indications of the

beginning of a dark antemedian line on costa, and a stronger dark

subterminal line begins on the costa before the apex and is con-

tinued to vein 4. Hind-wing uniformly dusky, fringes rather

paler. Exp. 36mm. One ¢.

Borolia carneotineta, sp. n. Plate I.

Antennae of male ciliated. Head, palpi, legs, and collar yellowish-

ochreous, antennae darker; patagia ochreous, abdomen smoky,

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 89

tuft ochreous. Fore-wing yellowish olive suffused with pink,

divided longitudinally into three folds, the costa and edge of second

fold pale pink; indications of a dark first line; a triangular olive

blotch midway along costa, a black dot on vein 5 forming part of

a postmedian line; the hind margin is broadly suffused with fuscous,

and there are a few black subterminal points. Hind-wing greyish

with faint dark lunule, fringes paler. Exp. 30 mm.

Borolia parvula, sp. n. Plate II.

Antennae of male nearly simple. Head, palpi, legs, antennae

and thorax reddish ochreous, abdomen rather darker. TFore-wing

reddish ochreous, with veins paler, but rather more colour in the

cell; a short dark streak from the base under the cell, two or three

dark specks along the costa indicating a postmedian line, a small

black dot below the middle of the cell, and another more conspicuous

two-thirds along the inner margin from the base. Hind-wing of

male pale ochreous, of female pale grey. Exp. 26 mm.

Borolia iithargyroides, sp. n. Plate II.

Head, thorax, palpi, antennae, and legs pinkish ochreous, abdo-

men less pink. Fore-wing pinkish ochreous, with a central shade

and a triangular shade below apex; on the central shade at the

end of tle cell is a short white longitudinal streak, and above this

a black dot; both antemedian and postmedian lines are repre-

sented by a few black dots, and the subterminal line by a complete

row. Hind-wing grey, fringes pinkish. Exp. 28mm. One 2.

Acosmetia malgassica, sp. n. Plate II.

Head, legs, antennae and palpi greyish brown; thorax grey, the

collar divided into two prominences; abdomen greyish ochreous.

Fore-wing dark grey with a purplish gloss; indications of ante-

and post-median lines, subterminal line paler. Hind-wing pale

grey. Underside whitish, thickly irrorated with grey. Exp.

28 mm.

Paracaroides pratti, sp. n. Plate I.

Head, antennae, palpi, and legs chestnut; thorax darker, but

with patagia paler; abdomen yellowish ochreous. Fore-wing: the

disc is sparsely covered with scales, while the margins have a thicker

coat so as to appear decidedly raised; pale ochreous, darker to-

wards margin, the costa chestnut, with a few white scales; the

inner and hind margins have a pale band, followed by one nearly

black; there are two small dark dots at end of cell; fringes purplish.

a

90 Sir Geo. H. Kenrick on

Hind-wing ochreous, darker round the margins, fringes pale. Exp.

38 mm.

Trachea leucopicta, sp. n. Plate II.

This species falls among the section in which the males

have lateral tufts of hair on the abdomen.

Head, palpi, and legs black, with white spots, antennae chest-

nut; thorax black with a dorsal white streak, and white on the

patagia and back of collar; abdomen ochreous, inclined to fuscous

above, the crests darker, tipped with white. Fore-wing black,

with white markings, the median area partly suffused with lilac,

an irregular three-lobed white blotch at base; the antemedian line

white, angulated, and running into a square white spot on inner

margin; the orbicular and reniform stigmata black with white

margins. A large white blotch fills the remainder of the wing

beyond the postmedian line, but it is interrupted by a square patch

of black at the apex, with two white spots in it, and by an irregular

black patch at anal angle which is connected to the central area.

Hind-wing fuscous, but whitish at anal angle. Exp. 40 mm.

Elaeodes proteoides, sp. n. Plate I.

Head, palpi, antennae, and collar, pale pinkish ochreous; legs

the same colour, with tarsi ringed with darker, the long hairs on

tibiae paler. Fore-wing greenish with purple blotches; ante-

median and postmedian lines pale with darker margins; reniform

and orbicular stigmata with some pink and darker markings, out-

lined by a pale line; a row of subterminal black dashes, fringes

spotted. Hind-wing brownish with pale fringe, and paler at the

base; a faintly darker lunule and on the underside a dark stria.

Exp. 32 mm.

Hypocalymnia gloriosa, sp. n. Plate IV.

The venation of the hind-wing does not agree with Hampson’s

figure, p. 186, in this insect there is a distinct vein 5 from just

above the lower angle of cell. Head and thorax greyish ochre-

ous, legs, antennae, and palpi reddish ochreous. Fore-wing coppery

shot with purple; an angulated pale stripe starting from thorax

below costa reaches to inner margin, and turns at the hind margin,

gradually becoming narrower; it is bordered on the outside by a

chestnut semicircular line; the orbicular and reniform stigmata

are of the same colour, and towards the hind margin on the disc

are two small dark dashes. Hind-wing and fringes pale ochreous.

Exp. 40 mm.

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 91

Stictoptera pectinata, sp.n. Plate IV.

If this insect does not constitute a distinct genus it

should be placed in a separate division on account of the

strongly pectinate antennae of the male, and the square-

shaped wings; in other respects it follows the genus.

Head and terminal joint of palpi ochreous; legs, antennae and

second joint of palpi rather darker; collar reddish ochreous, patagia

purplish brown; abdomen dark grey with pale tuft. Fore-wing

dark marbled with grey, green, purple and brown; basal line dark,

margined with paler extending to cell; antemedian obscurely

double, greenish; median line sharp and dark, but not extending

to inner margin; postmedian line dark, angulated, and interrupted,

followed by two brown blotches and a brown subterminal line.

Hind-wing dark grey, subhyaline at base. What I take to be the

female has plain antennae, and the patagia and basal half of fore-

wing, together with a postmedian area pale grey. Exp. 31 mm.

Eutelia aureopicta, sp.n. Plate IV

Head, antennae, legs, and palpi pinkish grey; thorax and crests

of abdomen coppery bronze, abdomen pinkish grey. Fore-wing

bronze, with grey lines and chocolate blotches; basal line ill de-

fined, followed by three chocolate patches; an antemedian angu-

lated whitish line; the orbicular, a dark dot outlined with white;

the reniform large, oblique, outlined with white, with a dark edging

of chocolate on the inner side; three ill-defined chocolate patches

on the hind margin, and traces of a double white subterminal line;

before the middle patch is an oblique golden spot, followed by a

minute dot of same colour. Hind-wing whitish, with a broad

fuscous margin. Underside grey, with reddish suffusion towards

the margins, and a white spot on costa before the apex. Exp.

30 mm.

Eutelia ochreoplagata, sp. n. Plate II.

Head, legs, antennae, and palpi dark fuscous; abdomen without

crests, dark fuscous. Fore-wing purplish grey, with lines much

darker; basal line broad, antemedian line double, one portion

joining with central line on inner margin; the postmedian line

angulated below costa, and preceded by a slightly paler patch;

beyond this the apex becomes abruptly pale ochreous, and pene-

trating half of this patch is the subterminal line, consisting of six

dark brown connected spots. Hind-wing purplish grey, inclining to

ochreous at base, with three angulated transverse lines, the outer-

92 Poeo. H. Kenrick on

most dark brown, fringes dark. Underside fuscous, pale at the

base, the apical patch dark yellow. Exp. 33 mm.

Phlegetonia pratti, sp. n. Plate III.

Near to artipars, but the male has the tibiae very heavily

fringed with hairs, and the markings are somewhat different.

Head, palpi, legs and thorax entirely pale ochreous, antennae

reddish ochreous; abdomen ochreous with darker crests. Tore-

wing pale ochreous, with a faint purplish gloss and dark blotches;

basal line indicated by a dark dot on the costa, the antemedian is

a dark and sinuous line in the middle of a brown transverse blotch;

there is a dark central spot, and a fine indistinct median line, followed

by two others nearly parallel; the postmedian is a fine dark line,

inwardly angled below cell and on vein 2; on its inner side near

the costa is a pale blotch, surrounded by a dark triangular patch

on costa in which are three pale costal dots; the subterminal line

is fine and black, and there is a round dark dot near the angle on

inner margin. In the female the whole wing is darker, and the

markings are obscured by a dark grey central band. Hind-wing

pale ochreous, with numerous striae and a double dark line from

anal angle to middle of wing, subterminal line very fine and black.

Exp. 40 mm.

Blenina hyblaeoides, sp. n. Plate III.

Palpi with second and third joint well developed; termen of

hind-wing very slightly excised. Head, palpi, thorax and legs

greenish grey, tarsi ringed with black, antennae dark; abdomen

blackish above, with orange margins to the segments, ochreous

below. Fore-wing greenish grey with faint pink reflections; first

line black, joining a black basal streak; antemedian line oblique

and angulated; three black dots at end of cell, followed by a much

angulated postmedian black line, edged outwardly with paler;

beyond this are some irregular dark brown tooth-shaped markings

forming a subterminal line. Hind-wing orange, with broad fuscous

margin and orange fringes; in one specimen there is a wide black

transverse band quite absent in the other. Underside fore-wing

fuscous, with paler costal band, interrupted by dark central spot.

Hind-wing orange with dark marginal band. Exp. 33 mm.

Chlorozada purpurea, sp. n. Plate IV.

The position of vein 7 in the fore-wing differs from the

type in leaving vein 8 beyond the end of the cell, but this

is hardly sufficient for the creation of a special genus.

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1917, Plate II.

Corgatha subindicata

Xanthodesma rectangulata

cj

Corgatha thyridoides

ee een bipunctata

Ozarba viridaria

Phytometra pratti

Singara albomacula

Andre, Sleigh & Anglo, Ltd

New HETEROCERA FROM MADAGASCAR.

Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1917, Plate IV.

Eutelia aureopicta

—

{ F \

Polydesma tessellata

Nigramma

Hypercalymnia gloriosa

yy Peed) Eo] (ee ee SS ee Oe ee eT he a ee ead ©

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 93

Antennae and palpi brown, head and patagia pale olive; legs

white, abdomen and thorax purplish grey, paler below. Jore-

wing whitish, with a purple cloud occupying the centre of the wing,

and leaving a narrow pale external margin; traces of a dark basal

blotch edged with white externally; a sinuous fine white ante-

median line edged with darker; two dark dots in the central area,

followed by an oblique fine white angulated postmedian line; the

subterminal line takes the form of six dark dots on the pale apical

area; there is a dark terminal line extending half way down the

wing; fringes pink. Hind-wing uniformly grey, with pale fringes.

Exp. 26 mm.

Polydesma rectefasciata, sp. n. Plate IV.

Head and thorax fawn-colour; antennae, legs, and palpi dark

brown with numerous pale grey hairs; abdomen fawn-colour above,

the crests darker, paler below. Fore-wing hind-margin subangular,

fawn-colour; antemedian line whitish edged with darker, much

angulated and interrupted; stigmata represented by three minute

dots, dark, edged with paler; from just before the angle to the

costa there is a group of fine lines, nearly straight; the first is

white, the second dark, the third pink, the fourth wider and dark

brown, the fifth pale ochreous, forked at the top and expanding

into an apical patch in which are two dark dots; beyond these

lines there is a broad pink area. Hind-wing yellowish, broadly

margined with fuscous, but again yellowish at the outer margin;

a few whitish dots at the angle. Underside uniformly whitish

thickly irrorated with black, a black transverse stria and central

dot in both wings. Exp. 42 mm.

Polydesma tessellata, sp. n. Plate IV.

Antennae, head, and thorax dark brown, palpi brown outside

and ochreous inside; abdomen dark brown above, ochreous be-

neath, legs ochreous. Fore-wing brown with violet shade, the

costa with a series of dark brown spots; a basal patch of ochreous

irrorated with black, followed by an irregular double violet line; an

indistinct dark median line and a strongly marked dark postmedian

line; the reniform stigma outlined with a pale line, and with internal

lunule; the subterminal line much angulated, double, and whitish,

followed by a series of dark marks outlined with paler, and a thin

terminal pale line, fringes rather paler. Hind-wing similar to fore-

wing, the pattern of the outer portion forming a continuation of the

pattern of the fore-wing. Underside ochreous, with lunules, and a

F

94 Sir Geo. H. Kenrick on

eurved postmedian line in both wings; a row of black dots along

the margin. Exp. 50 mm.

Baniana ecallaxantha. Plate IV.

After describing and figuring this insect, it was identified

with Baniana callaxantha, Holl., but the figure could not

be withdrawn.

Phytometra pratti, sp. n. Plate III.

Head, antennae, palpi, and legs smoky grey, thorax and abdo-

men rather paler. Fore-wing dark grey, with coppery reflections

on the disc. Neither lines nor stigmata are visible, but there is a

fine silvery line from inner margin near the base extending obliquely

upwards to the cell, where it turns outward to form a silvery oblong

spot, in continuation of which, but quite distinct is a second silvery

oval spot. Hind-wing ochreous-grey. Exp. 40 mm.

Nigramma malgassica, sp. n. Plate LV.

Head, antennae, palpi, and legs, reddish ochreous; tegulae

ochreous, with two darker transverse bands, patagia dark brown;

abdomen reddish grey. Jore-wing pale ochreous clouded with

reddish; a conspicuous oval basal blotch, edged with paler and not

reaching either to the costa or inner margin; there is an antemedian

darker fine line, not very distinct, and a similar postmedian line and

three dark dots at end of cell; on the inner margin there is a pale dot

near the anal angle, and at the angle another pale dot, from which

extends upwards a pale subterminal line; on either side of this is

a row of black dots. Hind-wing uniformly dark grey, fringes paler.

Exp. 34 mm.

Corgatha subindicata, sp. n. Plate IIT.

Head and thorax pale ochreous, palpi, antennae, and legs reddish

brown; abdomen pale at the base, but darker on the remaining

segments. J'ore-wing pale ochreous, clouded with brownish grey;

antemedian line whitish, slightly angulated at cell, and edged with

darker; central shade oblique, straight, and brown, reniform

stigma indicated by a white margin; postmedian white, angled

outwards below costa and oblique, terminating in the middle of

inner margin; a fine interrupted subterminal line extends from

below vein 2 to vein 5; beyond this is a distinct pale patch, followed

by an angulated brown marginal line. Hind-wing pale ochreous,

with two oblique dark lines, the outer one margined with white,

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 95

and beyond this are a few dark dots, fringes pale brown. The

underside of both wings much darker than the upper, and the

hind-wing has a well-defined dark margin. The angle of the hind-

wing is strongly crenulated, possibly a sexual development. Exp.

26 mm.

Corgatha thyridoides, sp. n. Plate III.

Head, palpi, antennae, and thorax reddish ochreous; legs reddish

ochreous with the tarsi paler; abdomen reddish above, paler beneath.

Fore-wing pale ochreous with reddish irrorations; basal line darker,

extending from costa to middle of cell; a dark angulated ante-

median line, followed by a dark central dot, and this again by an

outwardly angled median dark line, beyond which the reniform

stigma is outlined with darker; the postmedian line is strongly

angled outwards at costa, and then continued obliquely to middle

of inner margin; beyond this is a diffused reddish band, after which

the wing is paler, with the subterminal line indicated by three black

dots; in the apex there is an indistinct marginal row of dots. Hind-

wing dull red, slightly ochreous at the base, with two transverse

dark lines beyond which is a paler patch with some grey in it; the

anal angle of the wing is strongly crenulate, as in subindicata.

Underside paler, with similar markmgs. Exp. 28 mm.

This insect is figured by Saalmuller, but neither named

nor described.

Ozarba viridaria, sp. n. Plate III.

Head and thorax ochreous, with a faint reddish tinge; antennae,

legs, and palpi rather darker; abdomen pinkish ochreous. ore-

wing dark grey, marbled with green with whitish lines; basal line

indicated by dark dots on costa; an outwardly curved whitish

antemedian line; the reniform stigma pale margined with darker;

the postmedian line whitish, strongly outwardly curved at costa

and margined on both sides with darker; beyond this the wing is

whitish ochreous, with a half round dark spot on costa before apex

and a grey cloud, with a few black terminal dots, before the hind

margin. Hind-wing uniformly grey with paler fringes. Exp.

26 mm.

Gonepteronia bipunctata, sp. n. Plate III.

Head, palpi, antennae, and legs dull reddish ochreous, tarsi

ringed with white. fF ore-wing dull reddish, minutely irrorated

with ochreous; lines darker, antemedian angulated, sloping out-

wards from costa, median line nearly vertical, not reaching above

or

96 Sir Geo. H. Kenrick on

reniform stigma; postmedian line much angulated from costa to

vein 3, then turning inwards abruptly and meeting the median

line; subterminal line faintly indicated, pale ochreous and much

angulated; the orbicular stigma a minute white dot, and a similar

white dot at the top of the reniform stigma; fringes reddish. Hind-

wing uniformly greyish ochreous, fringes paler. Exp. 48 mm.

Xanthodesma rectangulata, sp. n. Plate III.

Head, antennae, palpi, legs, and thorax ochreous-orange, abdo-

men dull yellowish. Fore-wing dull orange, the veins all dark

brown; a short dark basal line, a straight antemedian line sloping

outward from costa, a postmedian line, strongly angulated on vein 6;

from the middle of this a short line extends to the reniform stigma ;

the subterminal line is curved, and is followed by a distinct ter-

minal line. Hind-wing uniformly dull yellow; fringes of fore-wing,

orange of hind-wing dull yellow. Underside uniformly dull yellow.

Exp. 44 mm.

DELTOIDAE.

Singara albomacula, sp. n. Plate III.

Palpi well above vertex, second joint thickly scaled, third joint

bare and sharp; antennae bipectinated, tibiae spurred; veins 3

and 4 from end of cell, 5 from just above, 6 and 7 from upper end

of cell; costa nearly straight, hind margin rounded. Head, thorax,

and patagia orange; palpi orange outside and paler inside; legs

ochreous, antennae pale brown. Fore-wing orange irrorated with

darker; a basal dark patch, followed by an antemedian line curved

inwards, a dark oblique streak from apex to middle of inner margin ;

the orbicular a conspicuous white dot with dark margin; the reni-

form also white, with dark margin and dark centre. Hind-wing

ochreous, the outer portion inclined to orange; a narrow median

line extending to vein 3, fringes narrow, orange. Underside ochre-

ous, the fore-wing with three dark spots, and the hind-wing with

dark central lunule. Exp. 40 mm.

PYRALIDAE.

Acara pratti, sp. n. Plate V.

I cannot distinguish any generic character to separate

this species from the genus, but the hind-wing is squarer

than in morosella, and vein 2 of hind-wing is not present

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 97

as shown in the figure,* but this is not mentioned in the

description.

Head, legs, and antennae reddish brown; thorax rather brighter,

palpi in female darker; abdomen shining ochreous with reddish

suffusion. Fore-wing uniformly reddish ochreous, the costa clothed

with ochreous scales, and many transverse bars of the same. Hind-

wing yellowish ochreous without markings. Exp. 3 50, 2 70 mm.

Macalla malgassica, sp. n. Plate VI.

Somewhat like a smali species from Natal.

Head white, antennae, palpi and legs dark grey; thorax dark,

with collar and patagia grey; abdomen ochreous. Fore-wing pale

grey, with darker markings; an antemedian and postmedian line

indicated by dark dots, a darker patch in the cell; subterminal

line a series of dark dashes, fringes grey. Hind-wing ochreous.

Exp. 24 mm.

TAENIAPHORA, gen. nov. (Sub-family Hpipaschianae).

Palpi porrect, extending twice the length of the head, second

joint fringed with hair above and below, third joint long and naked.

- Antennae of both sexes pectinated, but simple at the tip; tibiae

with fairly long spines. Fore-wing vein 6 from end of cell, 7, 8,

and 9 stalked. Hind-wing 3, 4, and 5 from end of cell; median

nervure not pectinated; no raised scales below the cell on the

upper side, but on the underside of the fore-wing the scales in the

cell are crowded together, and slightly raised; the longitudinal fold

below the cell in the fore-wing in the male has no scales, but a

number of vertical striae; in the female the scales are normal.

Taeniaphora submarginata, sp. n. Plate V.

Palpi and antennae pale ochreous; legs the same, with reddish

hairs on the tibiae; thorax and patagia reddish ochreous, abdomen

paler. Fore-wing pale ochreous with fuscous inner and hind margin ;

at the base of the costa is a blackish shade, followed by two dark

spots; fringe ochreous spotted with reddish; at the end of the cell

is a conspicuous black dot, and beyond this a series of fine black

triangular marks margined outwardly with paler. Hind-wing pale

ochreous, with a thin black marginal line and pale fringe. Under-

side pale, broadly margined on the costa of both wings with reddish,

and with a dark spot at the end of cell in both wings. Exp. 50 mm.

* Hampson’s Moths of India.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PARTI. (NOV.) H

98 Sir Geo. H. Kenrick on

Sindris leucomelas, sp. n. Plate VI.

Head, legs, antennae and palpi olive, patagia the same; thorax

and abdomen orange. Jore-wing olive suffused with orange, and

with three distinct white blotches, one roundish on hind margin;

one in the middle of the wing, rounded towards the body, but

forming a broad lateral stripe outwardly; one at apex just joining

the last, and with three pointed teeth on the outside; fringes

ochreous. Hind-wing uniformly golden. Exp. 38 mm.

LopHocera, gen. nov. (Sub-family Pyralinae).

Palpi upturned, the third joint well developed and acute, pro-

boscis present; antennae pectinated in the male, with a bunch of

long hairs about the middle; venation. Fore-wing 3, 4, and 5 from

lower end of cell, 6 from upper end, 7, 8, 9, stalked. Hind-wing 6

from end of cell, 7 anastomosing with 8.

Lophocera flavipuncta, sp. n. Plate VI.

Head, legs, palpi, and thorax black, patagia and collar orange,

abdomen orange, tuft black. Fore-wing black, with a large yellow

oblique spot beyond the end of the cell. Hind-wing orange with ™

broad black border. Underside similar. Exp. ¢ 34 mm., 9 30 mm.

Filodes alboterminalis, sp. n. Plate V.

Palpi, head, antennae, and legs ochreous; antennae barely the

length of the fore-wing; patagia of male long and darker; abdo-

men golden above, paler beneath, tuft conspicuously white. ore-

wing ochreous with golden suffusion; a dark spot at base of costa,

a dark antemedian line curved outwards; a conspicuous oblong,

lunulated, oblique dark spot at end of cell; a postmedian angulated

dark line thickest at costa; beyond this the wing is greyish; in

some specimens a dark dot in the cell. Hind-wing with central spot.

Exp. 36 mm.

Filodes grisealis, sp.n. Plate VI.

Head, palpi, antennae, thorax, and abdomen dark grey; legs

and underside silvery white. Fore-wing dark grey, with slight

tinge of purple; the antemedian line central shade, and post-

median line more or less distinctly divide the area into four nearly

equal portions; in the cell is a dark spot, and a darker mark at the

end of the cell. Hind-wing with central spot and transverse line

“UVOSVOVGVIN WONA VYRAOONALAF, MAN

"pry ‘olfay y UFIeIS ‘erpuy

eyeujsiewqns esoydeluse |

‘

t

S|[ByoOujooINe

S]/BulW1aj}oq|e

eqsneikd

spol

sijeauljinuay

slu0yd0q

S]|B9ul]aq901

sj1oyo00q

‘A Aid ‘LI6[ “Puoy 209 JuUq "Suva

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 99

rather indistinct; these markings are clearer on the underside.

Exp. 32 mm. One 9.

Bocehoris rectilinealis, sp. n. Plate V.

Head, antennae, and palpi pale ochreous; pectus and legs silvery

white; thorax ochreous with two dark spots on collar; abdomen

with a golden tinge, tuft paler. Fore-wing ochreous suffused with

pale lilac, the costa paler; an indistinct dark basal line, an angu-

lated, broad dark antemedian line, a faint dark mark at end of

cell; a broad dark nearly straight oblique postmedian line, followed

by a much fainter thin parallel line. Mind-wing pale with dark

central spot, angulated dark line and broad dark border, strongest

at apex; a fine subterminal pale line, fringes darker. Exp. 24 mm.

Bocehoris tenuilinealis, sp. n. Plate V.

Head, palpi, and legs pale ochreous, antennae pale brown; thorax

and abdomen whitish. Fore-wing semi-hyaline with golden sheen,

the veins showing dark; a dark basal spot, a straight oblique ante-

median line, the angle formed by it and the inner margin being

darker, a very faint dot at end of cell, and a fine, dark, evenly

curved postmedian line. Hind-wing pale at base, with an irregular

darker lunule, and a fine curved median line, the veins darker;

fringes pale golden. Exp. 23 mm.

Sylepta malgassica, sp. n. Plate VI.

Head and antennae ochreous, palpi, first joint white, second joint

ochreous; legs pale ochreous and silvery; thorax and abdomen

ochreous. Jore-wing grey, with gold and purple sheen; a whitish

blotch at base extending to first line, which is dark; the cell itself

is whitish, with dark spots at either end; beyond this is a strongly

angulated dark line, followed at costa by a white blotch with two

teeth; below the cell is another white blotch; at apex is a small

dark streak. Hind-wing whitish, with dark lunule and angulated

line, the margin widely bordered with fuscous. Exp. 26 mm.

Sylepta acutipennalis, sp.n. Plate VI.

Head dull orange, palpi darker, antennae pale brown; legs

silvery, the tibiae of the median pair of legs with a long tuft of

yellow hair tipped with darker; thorax, abdomen, and patagia

pale brown, tuft blackish. ore-wing pale brown with buff patches

100 Sir e H. Kenrick on

—the two first in the cell, the third very small at end of cell, the

fourth large, extending in triangular form from the costa to vein 4,

and margined outside by a dark line. Hind-wing with two faint

striae enclosing a paler space. Exp. 28 mm.

Glyphodes paramicalis, sp. n. Plate VI.

On comparing this insect with Swinhoe’s description of

amicalis, and the type of this and of swbamicalis in the

Natural History Museum, I am convinced that this is a

different species.

Head, antennae, palpi, and legs whitish; thorax and abdomen

fuscous brown, collar and patagia dove-colour. Fore-wing dark

brown suffused with purple, with two semi-hyaline bands with

violet reflections; the first band oblique, and sharply angulated on

the outside; the second wide on the costa, and tapering to a point

a little below the third vein; a faint pale dot at end of cell. Hind-

wing similar, with one triangular transverse hyaline band bordered

outside by a double oblique dark line, beyond which the dise has a

greenish reflection; fringes pale, but not white. Exp. 36 mm.

Pyrausta aureotinctalis, sp.n. Plate V.

Head, antennae, and palpi pale brown, legs and underside of

thorax white; thorax and abdomen orange, patagia canary-yellow.

Fore-wing semi-hyaline with golden reflections; antemedian line

indicated by two dark dots; a dark dot at end of cell, and two

dots nearer to inner margin, the postmedian indicated by four faint

dots. Hind-wing similar, with a row of dark marginal dots, fringes

golden. Exp. 34 mm.

Pyrausta elutalis, sp. n. Plate VI.

Head, antennae, and palpi dark brown, legs paler, and the tarsi

ringed with dark brown; thorax and patagia greenish grey; abdo-

men pale brown, tuft pale. Fore-wing greenish grey mottled with

paler; a curved antemedian line darker, a sinuous median line, and

a postmedian angulated line, curving outwards from the costa but

not reaching the inner margin. Hind-wing pale brown without

markings, fringes paler, Exp. 32 mm.

Pyrausta marginescriptalis, sp. n. Plate VI.

Head, palpi, and antennae dull red, legs red above, silvery below;

thorax and abdomen above dull red, paler below, tuft pale. Fore-

“MVOSVDVGVIN WON VAHOONALA H MAN

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BOISSesjeW eI||BIeI\\

sljeuuad|ynoe eydalk{S

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sjjeqynja eysneikd

sjjeo|weied sapoydh|5

sifeasi8 sapoll-

IA Ad ‘LI6I “puoy ‘205 yugq “suvAy

New or little-known Heterocera from Madagascar. 101

wing uniformly dull pink with brown irrorations; a few black scales

obliquely placed indicate the antemedian line, and there is a dark

mark at end of cell; the subterminal line is very distinct, con-

sisting of fine black angulations. Hind-wing semi-hyaline and

whitish, fringes of both wings pale. Exp. 34 mm.

( 102 )

IV. Additions to the knowledge of the Cetoniidae of British

India. By Otrver E. Janson, F.ES.

[Read February 7th, 1917.]

THE basis of this contribution is an interesting and well-

preserved series of Indian Cetoniidae collected by the late

Captain R. Selous, and placed in my hands for identification

by his brother, Dr. C. F. Selous, who has most generously

allowed me to retain any of the specimens that I desired

for my collection. A list of the species with the collector’s

notes that accompany them is given below, followed by a

description of the very pretty new Anatona that he had the

good fortune to discover.

I have taken this opportunity to describe three other

new Indian species that have recently come into my posses-

sion from other sources, and of giving references to the

additions that have been made to the family since the

publication, in 1910, of the admirable volume by Mr. G. J.

Arrow, on the Cetoniidae of the “ Fauna of British India.”

I have also added some notes on a few errors and omissions

in that work, and relative to the subject of this contribution.

List OF THE CETONIIDAE COLLECTED BY THE LATE

CapTaIn R. SELOvs.

1. Anthracophora crucifera, Oliv.

Mhow. “On grass, September 1905,” one specimen.

A common and widely distributed species, but not

hitherto recorded from Central India.

2. Anatona selousi, n. sp.

Mhow. “Found on Nil Gai dung, July 15th, 1905,”

one specimen.

Of this very distinct and pretty new species a single male

example only was found by Capt. Selous.

3. Aethiessa bagdadensis, Burm.

Quetta. “ Found flying and on the ground, March 11th,

1907,” two specimens.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PARTI. (NOV.)

Mr. Janson’s Additions to Cetoniidae of British India. 103

A rather scarce species, occurring in Armenia, Meso-

potamia, Persia and Afghanistan, and already recorded by

Arrow from Baluchistan.

4. Protaetia (Potosia) imparvida, Jans.

Kashmir. “On flowering bush, July 1906,’ one

specimen.

This species appears to be confined to the northern parts

of India and is not common.

5. Protaetia (Potosia) neglecta, Hope.

Bandipur Nallah, Kashmir. “On flowering bushes,

July and September 1906,” three specimens.

A common and somewhat variable Indian species, with

a range extending northwards to EH. Turkestan.

6. Protaetia (Eumimimetica) terrosa, G. P.

Near Mhow. “July 27th, 1905,” one specimen.

7. Protaetia alboguttata, Vigors.

Mhow. “On grass and flowering plants and flying to

lamp, June to August, 1905,” nine specimens.

A common and generally distributed Indian species

extending into Ceylon, but not before recorded from Central

India. Capt. Selous’ series include blue, green and fine

coppery-red varieties.

8. Oxycetona versicolor, Fab.

Mhow. “On Date Palms, July 7th, 1905,” two speci-

mens.

Capt. Selous’ specimens of this very variable and widely

distributed species are the typical form (the “var. a” of

Arrow), with a shining upper surface, and the prothorax

and elytra extensively adorned with red.

9. Chiloloba acuta, Wied.

Mhow. “ On grass, August and September 1905,” four

specimens.

10. Epicometis hirtella, Linn.

Quetta. “ Hating Inis flowers, March and April 1907,”

nine specimens.

This species is an addition to the list of Indian Cetonzidae.

The very closely allied #. squalida, Linn., is recorded by

104 Mr. Oliver Janson’s Additions to

Arrow from the same locality; both are common European

species and of wide distribution, ranging through Asia

Minor, Mesopotamia and western Persia to Baluchistan,

where the Indian fauna assumes a very Palaearctic char-

acter. All Capt. Selous’ specimens have a second white

spot on the outer discal costa, a little before the middle

of the elytra, that I do not find present in any of the many

European examples that I have had an opportunity of

examining.

Anatona selousi, n. sp.

3 Body of an oval, compact and convex form. Castaneous,

shining; base of head, the prothorax and elytra testaceous red,

opaque, and with shining castaneous markings disposed as follows :

On the prothorax a marginal band on each side, and eight small

spots, viz. three placed in a nearly regular longitudinal row on each

side of the disc and two in the middle (both prolonged anteriorly

with a tendency to form a median stripe); on the scutellum an

apical spot prolonged anteriorly; on each elytron eight spots, viz.

one in the middle near the base, one near the suture and just before

the middle, one about equidistant between the last and the apex

and close to the suture, and four adjoining the outer margin, the

first at the lateral sinus, the second and third (both small) behind the

middle and the fourth close to the sutural angle. The pygidium and

the sides of the prothorax, sternum and abdomen with irregular

chalky-white markings. Head somewhat flattened between the

eyes, coarsely and confluently punctured; clypeus long, narrowed

in front, with a slight median carina and slightly produced and

strongly reflexed angles. Prothorax nearly as broad in the middle

as at the base, strongly narrowed in front, the base feebly tri-sinuate

and with the lateral angles rounded; the disc with a very fine and

sparse puncturation which becomes coarser and very much closer

in front and towards the sides. Scutellum large, slightly rounded

at the sides, impunctate. Elytra feebly bi-costate, with six discal

rows of small and rather remote punctures, the sides with scattered

fine punctures and the apex slightly strigose. Pygidium sparsely

setose and remotely punctured, transversely strigose only in the

middle. Underside thinly clothed with yellowish-grey pubescence

and punctured at the sides; metasternum with an impressed median

line; sternal process broad, rounded and with an impressed hirsute

line just before the apex; abdomen with a broad central depression.

Legs stout, anterior tibiae with two large marginal teeth, and the

apex rather obtuse, all the femora and tibiae thinly fringed with

long golden-grey hair. Length 17 mm., breadth 9 mm.

the knowledge of the Cetoniidae of British India 105

Muow (Type, coll. Janson) ; Poona (coll. British Museum).

Apart from the very peculiar coloration this pretty

species differs from its nearest ally, A. alboguttata, Burm.,

in its narrower and less convex form, in having the pro-

thorax more abruptly narrowed in front, the clypeus more

strongly carimate and the pvgidium strigose only in the

middle. The darker markings on the upper side are pro-

duced by the absence of the lighter coloured opaque

indumentum, that covers the other parts of the surface,

leaving the derm exposed and with a talc-like lustre.*

I have named the species after the discoverer, the late

Captain R. Selous.

Clerota rigifica, n. sp.

Black and very shining above and below, with orange-yellow

markings comprising a median stripe on the head, a marginal band

on each side and a median stripe on the prothorax, a spot occupying

nearly the whole of the scutellum, a broad and slightly sinuous

longitudinal stripe on each elytron and a large triangular patch on

each side of the pygidium. The sides of the mesothoracic epimera,

metathoracic episterna and post-coxae, and a large spot at the sides

of the first to fourth abdominal segments are also orange-yellow.

Head finely and sparingly punctured in the middle, more coarsely

punctured in the lateral furrows, clypeus slightly sinuous at the sides

and distinctly widened in front. Prothorax almost as broad as the

elytra at the base and obliquely narrowed to the apex, broadly

sulcate behind, very minutely and remotely punctured at the sides.

Elytra slightly narrowed behind and separately rounded at the apex,

sulcate at the suture, the middle third of the disc with several rows

of more or less obsolete punctures, the sutural stria feeble and

becoming obsolete before reaching the middle, the apical third of

the sides and the apex very closely and deeply strigose. Pygidium

broad and transversely convex, closely and concentrically strigose.

Underside of the body almost entirely smooth, the flanks of the

prothorax and sides of the basal abdominal segment feebly strigose ;

* A second specimen from the Shevaroy Hills, Madras, that has

since come to the British Museum, has these shining spaces covered

to a large extent with a dense white squamose or farinose clothing,

which is apparently very lightly attached and easily rubbed off, and

in my type specimen is only present to a small extent on the sides

of the prothorax and on the pygidium. It would most probably

be found that in freshly emerged examples the clothing entirely

covered the spaces, so that the markings of the upperside would be

white instead of castaneous as I have described them.

106 Mr. Oren Janson’s Additions to

mesosternal process very broad at the base, pointed and slightly

curved inwards at the apex; anterior tibiae with the two lateral

teeth and the produced apex acute. Length 36 mm., breadth 17 mm.

Movutmern, Lower Burma (Type in coll. Janson).

This fine species is closely allied to C. vittigera, Hope.

but is larger and of a more robust form, the prothorax is

broader at the base and less sinuate at the sides, the elytra

more parallel-sided and longer in proportion to the pro-

thorax, and the aedeagus of the male is much broader and

less constricted before the apex.

The type specimen, a male, was taken flying by the late

Col. Bingham in August 1894, and I have others from

Penang; Mana Riang, Sumatra; and Kuching, Borneo.

This distribution would seem to indicate that it is a Malayan

species with a range extending northwards into southern

Burma.

C. bodhisattva, Kunck., an evidently closely allied species

from Annam and Tonkin, and only known to me by descrip-

tion, is of a much larger size (44 mm. in length) and has

yellow markings on the elytra only.

Clerota arrowi, n. sp.

Shining black, the outer edge of the epimera and posterior

coxae, and a small spot on the sides of the second, third and fourth

abdominal segments orange-yellow.

Head strongly punctured, the punctures of an ovate form in front

and coarser, closer and irregularly confluent towards the apex, the

extreme base smooth; clypeus a little narrowed towards the apex,

the apical lobes rounded and with a strongly reflexed margin, the

raised side margins becoming almost obsolete before reaching the

eyes. Prothorax obliquely narrowed from the base, with the sides

slightly sinuous and very narrowly margined, the basal angles

obtuse, the entire surface, excepting a narrow and rather indistinct

median line, with a very strong puncturation that becomes more

dense as it approaches the sides and strigiform close to the lateral

margins, the basal lobe broad and slightly depressed but not sulcate.

Scutellum slightly suleate and smooth in the middle, punctured at

the base, the apex very acute. Elytra gradually narrowed from the

base and sub-truncate at the apex, the basal part very convex and

smooth, strongly punctured on the median third, the punctures

extending to the humeral callosity at the side and forming five or

six tolerably regular rows in the middle, and one row next the suture

that extends to the base, the apical declivity and the sides, behind

the knowledge of the Cetoniidae of British India. 107

the middle finely and closely strigose. Pygidium and the apical

dorsal segment of the abdomen finely and closely strigose, the former

very prominent and feebly bi-nodose at the apex. Underside coarsely

but rather sparsely punctured on the meta-coxae and sides of the

metasternum; mesosternal process gradually narrowed to the apex

where it is acute. Legs closely strigose on the femora and outer

side of the tibiae, anterior tibia with the two marginal teeth and the

produced apex very acute. Length 33 mm., breadth 15 mm.

Kuasta Hitus, Assam (Type in coll. Janson).

The strongly raised margins of the apical lobes of the

clypeus form a semicircular tim to a pit-like cavity on

either side, and coalesce with the narrow median carina

at the base of the excision : this peculiarity and the strongly

punctured and non-sulcate prothorax and closely strigose

legs will suffice to at once distinguish C. arrowi from all

the hitherto described members of the genus. In general

aspect it most nearly resembles narrow examples of C.

budda, G. P., that are without the usual yellow markings

on the upperside.

Pseudochaleothea ritsemae, n. sp.

Body of a narrow oval form and deeply channelled along the

median line of the upperside. Dark grass-green, shining; the

sides and suture of the elytra with a reddish tinge in some lights;

head, sides of the prothorax and underside golden green; antennae,

palpi, tibiae and tarsi fulvous tinged in parts with green and coppery

red. Head sparsely punctured, convex and smooth in the middle;

clypeus a little widened in front, margined at the sides and deeply

notched at the apex. Prothorax strongly narrowed in front, the

sides sinuous and slightly emarginate at the basal half, the basal

angles produced and sub-acute, smooth on the disc, punctured and

strigose at the sides. Scutellum punctured at the base only.

Elytra gradually narrowed posteriorly, separately rounded at the

apex, the sutural angles a little produced and acute, some scattered

fine punctures in the sutural depression and a regular row next the

suture, at the sides four or five rather confused rows of punc-

tures on the basal half and thence irregularly strigose to the apex.

Pygidium prominent and closely strigose, deeply grooved and bi-

nodose at the apex. Underside of the body almost impunctate;

sternal process broad at the base and obliquely narrowed to a point

at the apex; abdomen concave in the centre and broadly emarginate

at the apex. Front tibiae slender, curved and without marginal

teeth; hind tibiae on the inner side with a broad, thin and flattened

4

108 Mr. Oliver Janson’s Additions to

appendage curving forwards, and towards its extremity narrowed

and strongly bent backwards in the form of a sharply pointed hook,

Length 26 mm., breadth 12 mm.

In the female, besides the usual sexual characters, the prothorax

is broader in middle than in the male, the pygidium is only feebly

bi-nodose, the apex of the abdomen is broadly rounded and the last

“segment and the apical part of the preceding one have a coarse

setigerous puncturation, and the outer apical spine of the hind

tibiae is broad and bi-mucronate.

RancGoon and Penance (Types, 3, 9, in coll. Janson).

This species comes nearest to P. virens, Ritsema, but is

smaller and of a much narrower and more parallel-sided

form, and has the prothorax more strongly sinuate at the

sides. The male differs, moreover, in the form of the

appendage of the hind-tibiae, and the female in having

the pygidium sulcate and the apical ventral segment of

the abdomen rounded, instead of broadly emarginate as

it is In virens.

P. ritsemae is the first Pseudochalcothea (if kept as distinct

from Plectrone) that has been discovered on the mainland,

the genus being essentially an insular one, with its head-

quarters in North Borneo, and the occurrence of this

species at Rangoon brings it Just within the limits of the

British-Indian fauna. Plectrone tristis, Westw., is recorded

by Wallace from Penang.

Macronota batillifera, Bourg., Bull. Soc. Ent. France,

1914, p. 292.

This is the flavofasciata, Arrow (nec Moser), and is de-

scribed by Bourgoin as a distinct species, differing in the

structure of the hind-tibiae in the male. It is recorded

from Bhutan and Assam.

The “female” specimen in my collection referred to by

Arrow (“Fauna Brit. Ind.,” Ceton., p. 52) proves upon

dissection to be a male, and is the true flavofasciata, Moser,

from Tonkin. The females of both species are apparently

still unknown.

Clinteria sternalis, Moser, Deuts. Ent. Zeits., 1910, p. 532.

This addition to the Indian Fauna would appear, from

the description, to come nearest to C. modesta, Blanch., in

coloration, but is stated to have the mesosternal process

broad and flat, a character not found in any other member

of the genus. It comes from Pegu, Lower Burma.

the knowledge of the Cetoniidae of British India. 109

Glycosia dureli, Pouill., Insecta iv, 1914, p. 187.

From the description and figures this is evidently a

slight variety of G. luctifera, Fairm., with markings similar

to those of the Indian specimens described by Arrow.

It is also from Bhutan.

THE FOLLOWING NoTES REFER TO THE “‘ FAUNA OF

British Inpra,’’ CETONIINAE.

Macronota, p. 41.

In the synonymy and sub-genera Coilodera, Hope, 1831,

is cited as undescribed; it was later emended to Coelodera,

and characterised by Burmeister, Handb. Ent. in, 1842,

p. 320.

M. diardi, p. 43.

The two specimens referred to (p. 44) with black elytra

and purple-black prothorax are in my collection, and came

from the late M. Jacoby, labelled “‘ Ceylon (W. Morton).”

This locality is most probably incorrect, as 1 now have

similar specimens, from the van de Poll collection, from

Mana Riang, Sumatra, and this form has since been de-

scribed as a distinct species, under the name maindronq,

by Bourgoin, Bull. Soc. Ent. France, 1916, p. 133.

M. mearesi, p. 45.

The type, as cited by Westwood, was in the Parry collec-

tion, which was dispersed by auction-sale, and the par-

ticular “lot ’’ comprising this specimen was bought by

Mr. R. Oberthur, in whose possession it should now be

found.

Cyphonocephalus smaragdulus, p. 69.

Reference to Westw., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1878, p. 29,

pl. 1, figs. 3, 4, is omitted.

Torynorrhina distincta, p. 82.

Var. pilipes, Burm. Handb. Ent. ii, p. 779; Westw.,

Arcana Ent. i, p. 120 and 192, is omitted from the synonymy.

This is the brassy green variety and usually has the legs

tinged with blue.

Rhomborrhina microcephala, p. 87.

Var. staudingeri, Nonf. Stett. Ent. Zeit., 1890, p. 17,

is omitted. Nonfried described this as a variety of micro-

110 Mr, Oliver". Janson’s Additions to

cephala, but the description applies to the typical form,

and the name therefore sinks as a synonym.

The specimen bearing the “‘ Type ” label from the Parry

collection, cited by Westwood, is in my possession.

Heterorrhina sinuatocollis, p. 96.

The type is incorrectly stated to be in the Paris Museum.

The specimen described and figured by Westwood (as a

variety of elegans, Fab.), as cited by him, was in the Parry

collection, and is now in my possession. It bears Parry’s

“Type” label, and must be regarded as the type of this

species, Westwood’s description taking priority over that

of smaragdina, Burm. (nec G. P.), and it is the type of the

latter that is in the Paris Museum.

Anatona alboguttata, p. 115.

Reference to Westw., Trans. Ent. Soc. Lond., 1874,

p. 476, pl. 7, fig. 4, is omitted.

Glycyphana minima, Bates, Entomologist, xxiv, 1891,

Supp. p. 21.

This species, founded on a single specimen stated to have

been received from Captain G. Young, from the Hill region

of Kulu, North-western India, is omitted. Mr. Arrow

informs me that he doubts the correctness of the locality

assigned to it, and believes it will prove to be of Malayan

origin. I have at present seen nothing from India that

agrees with the description.

Goliathopsis despectus, p. 206.

The type of this species is undoubtedly the specimen in

the Oxford Museum, which I have examined and found to

agree with Westwood’s description and figures. It, more-

over, has the mouth-parts extracted and mounted on a

card beneath the specimen, as is usually the case with the

Westwoodian types. I have before stated (Cist. Ent. ii,

1881, p. 610) that Westwood’s figures were evidently not

made from the specimen that is in the British Museum.

The examination of the type of despectus has shown me

that cervus, Jans., is not the same species. In comparing

the two forms (the female type in both cases) I find that in

cervus the clypeus is more broadly and strongly reflexed

at the apex (especially at the sides, where it projects in an

obtuse angle), the prothorax is conspicuously larger and

the knowledge of the Cetoniidae of British India. 111

more convex and has the basal angles more prominent ;

it is also of an altogether stouter and more robust form

than despectus, and the mouth-parts differ, as will be seen

on comparing the figures that accompany the original

descriptions of both species.

The following that have been relegated by the author to

the rank of varieties and synonyms, have, I consider,

sufficient distinctive features to warrant their retention as _

species :

Cyphonocephalus smaragdulus, Westw., sunk under C.

olivaceus, Dup., p. 69.

Heterorrhina mutrata, Wall., sunk under Diceros dives,

Westw., p. 72.

Glycyphana subcincta, Jans., sunk under G. torquata, F.,

p. 124.

Protaetia aerata, Er., sunk under P. orientalis, G. P..

p. 143.

Clinteria valida, Lansb., sunk under C. auronotata, B1.,

p. L179.

Clinteria decora, Jans., sunk under C. klugi, Hope, p. 187.

Agestrata samson, Sharp, sunk under A. orichalcea, L.,

p. 192.

Goliathopsis cervus, Jans., sunk under G. despectus,

Westw., p. 206.

( 112 )

V. On the Protocerebrum of Micropteryx (Lepidoptera).

By P. A. Buxton, B.A., F.E.S., M.R.C.S., Fellow

of Trinity College, Cambridge (Lieut. R.A.M.C.).

[Read February 7th, 1917.]

Pruates VII-X.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

PAGE

ForrWORD : é ; ; ; si : : spp iP

INTRODUCTION . : : 7. U4

THE PROTOCEREBRUM oF Micropr ERY _

I. The Neurilemma and Ganglion Cells: ; iL

II. The Protocerebral Lobes . ; : : ; wl26

II. The Mushroom Body . ; - . : i et

IV. The Central Body ; : : , . . 133

V. The Bridge 2 : : . : : . 134

VI. The Visual Centres , ; P . : ~. 13S

VII. The Protocerebral Tracts . : : é a aeiy

SUMMARY 3 : ‘ F , 2 E ; aalss

TECHNIQUE—

I. Fixation and Impregnation . ; ; : eye 4

II. Section Cutting . : é : : . 145

III. Staining . : . , . 146

IV. Note (Composition of Reagents) ; : : . 148

BIBLIOGRAPHY . é ; ; : : : : . 149

ABBREVIATIONS ; ; : : : : : .- . 1bt

EXPLANATION OF PLATES . : . F F : 4 lay

FOREWORD

More than four years ago I commenced to study the

internal anatomy of Micropteryx (Eriocephala) in the hope

that I might be able to throw some light on the question of

its systematic position. As is well known, most entomo-

logists regard it as a primitive Lepidopteron (Protolepido-

ptera), though there is really quite as good ground for

regarding it as a Trichopteron.* I am now in a position

to publish my results only in so far as they relate to a

portion of the brain of that insect. This I do with a feeling

* Vide, however, Dr. Chapman’s paper (Trans. Ent. Soc., 1916,

pp. 310-4, pl. 81-98, (1917)), which raises Micropteryx to ordinal

rank ( order Zeugoptera).

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PARTI. (NOV.)

ow WS ew aw

— AL

Mr. P. A. Buxton on Protocerebrum of Micropteryx. 113

that some apology should be made, because I do not at

any rate describe the whole brain: it is owing to the war

and pressure of other work that there is no likelihood of my

being able to carry my investigations further. This paper

is however complete in itself, and is not of the nature of a

preliminary note. From the point of view of comparative

anatomy, the Protocerebrum, with which alone this paper

deals, is by far the most important part of the insect brain,

not only on account of its complicated structure, but also

because of certain questions relating to the homologies of

some of its parts. Such questions of homology do not at

present arise in connection with the Deuterocerebrum or

Tritocerebrum, or ventral brain. My hope that my inves-

tigations would throw light on the systematic position of

Micropteryx will not be fulfilled until we can compare the

brain of this insect with a number of other Lepidopterous

and Trichopterous brains, after they have been fully and

properly investigated.

I have made some attempt to render this paper useful

also as an introduction to the study of the brain of insects ;

this I think is justified, because it is the first paper on the

subject published in Great Britain since 1878 (Newton),

and I know by bitter experience how exceedingly difficult

it is to obtain a clear knowledge of the subject from a

variety of papers written by many men in many languages

at different dates. My task has been rendered difficult

by the small size of Micropteryx, which is, I believe, the

smallest insect of which the brain has been investigated

in any detail.

I take this opportunity of acknowledging how much I am

indebted to many friends in the University’s Zoological

Laboratory at Cambridge, particularly to Mr. F. Balfour

Browne for constant criticism and much good advice, and

for reading through the whole paper before it was published ;

also to Mr. L. A. Borradaile for helping me with the theory

of the segmentation of the head of the Arthropoda; also

to Dr. D. Keilin of the University of Paris, and of the

Quick Laboratory and Magdalene College, Cambridge, for

putting at my disposal his deep knowledge of fixing and

staiing. Canon W. Brocas Waters gave me a room to

work in, while I was stationed in Bury St. Edmunds on

military duties.

T must also acknowledge my indebtedness to Dr. K. F.

Kiihnle of Stuttgart for his paper on the brain of the

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PaRTI. (NOV.) 1

114 wn? A. Buxton on the

Earwig and other types (see Bibliography), which gives a

full review of insect neurology up to 1913, together with a

bibliography and a table of the terminology ‘of the insect

brain, which has materially lightened my labours. This

paper is by far the most important contribution which has

yet been made to insect neurology.

All my material has been collected in the neighbourhood

of Cambridge, and I have worked entirely with Micro-

pteryx (Eriocephala)* calthella (Linn.), and not with any

other species.

INTRODUCTION.

The anterior part of the central nervous system of insects

consists of a supracesophageal portion, which is the brain in

the narrow sense of the word. From this the circum-

cesophageal commissures pass round the cesophagus to the

ventrocerebrum or subcesophageal portion of the brain.

Most authors include this also in the brain of the insect.

The supracesophageal ganglion, or brain in the narrow sense

of the word, was found by Viallanes to be composed of three

paired elements or neuromeres, which he believed to be

segmental; these give rise to the parts of the brain to which

he gave the names Protocerebrum, Deuterocerebrum (or

Deutocerebrum) and Tritocerebrum. We now know that

the Protocerebrum is not a segmental ganglion; and it

will be convenient at this point to give a short summary of

the results obtained by those who have studied the subject

of the segmentation of the head of the Arthropoda, and the

homologies of the various appendages throughout the class

from the point of view of comparative embryology. The

‘ whole matter is one of great difficulty, and has been neg-

lected by insect neurologists; as, however, it is a matter

which bears directly upon the subject of this paper I give

this summary of our knowledge in so far as it affects the

insect protocerebrum.

* The subject of this paper belongs to the true genus Micropteryx

Hiibner. This genus has been referred to in some writings, e.g.

Meyrick’s Handbook, the Cambridge Natural History, etc., under

its synonym Hriocephala Curtis: while the leaf-mining genus erron-

eously called “* Micropleryx”’ in certain of the same works should be

known as Eriocrania Zeller.

Eriocephala Curtis = Micropteryx Hiibner.

** Micropteryx”’ auctt. (nec Hiibner) = Lriocrania Zeller.

See Tutt, Brit. Lep., I, pp. 129-137 (1899), and Staudinger-Rebel,

Cat., Il, pp. 246-8 (1901).

ee

OS Etre me ow

Protocerebrum of Micropteryzx. 115

The brain of the Arthropoda in its fullest development,

that is to say as exemplified in the brain of the embryo of

Scolopendra (Heymons), consists of the following parts :

an archicerebrum, which is median, unpaired and preoral :

three lobes on each side, the syncerebral lobes, the outer

two of which arise from a common rudiment; these also

are preoral, and together with the archicerebrum form the

syncerebrum : the preantennary ganglion, or protocerebrum,

which is the ganglion of the first somite, or true segment ;

we believe that this was primitively postoral, but it is

preoral in all living Arthropoda: the deuterocerebrum or

antennary ganglion, and the tritocerebrum or premandi-

bular ganglion, which correspond respectively to the second

and third somites. It may be said at once that the deutero-

cerebrum and the tritocerebrum correspond in Heymons’

nomenclature to the organs which I shall subsequently

describe under those names. This is not, however, the case

with the protocerebrum, for that word has been used in a

great variety of senses. In the development of the insect

head that part of the central nervous system which entomo-

logists generally call the protocerebrum (Viallanes) is

developed from the archicerebrum and the syncerebral

lobes : we do not yet know which parts of the insect brain

correspond to which of these structures, except that the

outer syncerebral lobe gives rise to the optic lobe, and

Haller suggests that the mushroom body is formed from

the archicerebrum. The preantennary ganglion or proto-

cerebrum of Heymons is not found at all in the insect

head, and is to be carefully distinguished from that part

of the brain which is commonly called by that name. The

synonymy is further complicated because the preantennary

ganglion or protocerebrum of Heymons is the precerebrum

of Verhoeff, and the word “ protocerebrum” has been

used in yet a third sense to denote the procerebrum of

Heymons, that is the syncerebrum and preantennary gang-

lion (protocerebrum) together. The word protocephalum

has been used by Holste, and perhaps by others, to denote

that part of the brain which is dorsal to the gut in the

insects: 7.e. the syncerebrum of Heymons (the proto-

cerebrum of insect neurologists since the time of Viallanes),

with the deuterocerebrum, and the tritocerebrum.

I shall continue to use the word protocerebrum in the

sense in which neurologists from the time of Viallanes have

always employed it, though I should be glad to avoid a

116 ve A. Buxton on the

word to which so many meanings have been assigned. By

it I mean a mass of nerve tissue arising from that preoral

part of the embryo which is not segmented and which bears

no appendages. It is the nervous element corresponding

to the acron of some embryologists, and it is not the serial

homologue of the deuterocerebrum and tritocerebrum

(mesocerebrum and metacerebrum of some writers on the

segmentation of the Arthropoda). The protocerebrum of

insects is, in fact, the syncerebrum of Heymons, unless it

contains some element not yet differentiated as belonging

to the preantennary ganglion.

In this paper I propose as I have said to deal solely with

the protocerebrum. I give, however, the following brief

summary of the function and connections of the other two

supracesophageal ganglia. The deuterocerebrum is the

ganglion of the antenna, to which it gives motor and sensory

nerves. The pair of ganglia forming the deuterocerebrum

are united across the middle line above the cesophagus, and

lie before and below the protocerebral lobes. They are the

antennary or olfactory lobes of some authors. The deutero-

cerebrum gives rise to the paired sympathetic system, which

lies upon the lateral wall of the cesophagus on each side; this

consists of two pairs of small ganglia with nerves which con-

nect them to each other, and, as is known in some insects, to

the median or tritocerebral sympathetic system. The pair

of ganglia composing the tritocerebrum lie on each side of

the anterior part of the cesophagus and are generally fused

above to the rest of the supracesophageal brain. The lower

part of the tritocerebrum is the circumcesophageal connec-

tive or commissure. This ganglion supplies the labrum,

but has no paired appendage connected with it in the

insects; a band of fibres, the tritocerebral bridge, passes

across from one side to the other beneath the cesophagus.

The tritocerebrum also gives rise to a pair of fine nerves

which run forwards and inwards to the frontal ganglion,

which lies upon the upper surface of the anterior part of the

cesophagus. This is the largest ganglion of the sympathetic

system: from it a fine nerve runs forwards and another

backwards. This latter, the nervus recurrens of some

authors, connects the frontal ganglion with a short chain of

ganglia lying on the upper surface of the cesophagus, and

from this unpaired sympathetic system the stomodaeum

is innervated.

The subcesophageal ganglia or nerve masses will not

mer rrr i ee we

Protocerebrum of Micropteryz. 117

again concern us. They are formed by the fusion of four

segmental ganglia, the mandibular, the intercalary, the

maxillary and the labial. The intercalary ganglion has

hardly been noticed by insect neurologists; the correspond-

ing appendage is the maxillula, which is vestigial or absent

in adult insects; the ganglion is accordingly ill-developed

or absent. The other three ganglia are mainly if not

entirely motor and sensory centres to their respective

appendages.

All the nerve centres of insects consist of the following

layers.* They are bounded externally by a neurilemma,

which is a thin syncytial structure. Within this, and lying

loosely in a quantity of fluid, are the nerve cells, or ganglion

cells. The processes of these, the axons, pass inwards to

form the innermost part of the centre; here they unite

in very large numbers to form the tissue known as axonic

substance (or fibrillar material), which consists of innumer-

able axons and their twigs bound together by a varying

amount of neuroglia. Of this axonic substance two types

may be distinguished; the first is that which is called

Punktsubstanz, or Marksubstanz, or neurospongium; its

composition was first accurately explained by Viallanes.

Until his day it had been known as a tangled web, but

in it he distinguished very fine axis cylinders running

in all directions, and their twigs, and also the neuroglia.

In the second type of fibriliar substance, the Fasersub-

stanz, the axons run in bundles and form well-defined

tracts in which there is little or no neuroglia. The

distinction between these two types must not be insisted

upon, for every degree of intergradation may be found;

even in the most indisputable Punktsubstanz small tracts

of fibres may generally be detected. Physiologically again

the difference is one of degree, though Fasersubstanz

is mainly a tissue of conduction, Punktsubstanz one of

association, that is to say one in which impulses pass from

one neuron to another.

Two parts of the brain may be connected either hy

fusion of their component Punktsubstanz (Verschmelzungen,

soudures), or by definite tracts of Fasersubstanz (Faser-

verbindungen). This distinction, again, has only a relative

value.

Before we pass to examine the structure of the various

_ * The general relation of neurilemma, cells and axonic substance

is shown on Plate X.

a

118 Mr. P. A. Buxton on the

parts of the protocerebrum it should be realised that this

portion of the brain is not merely a complex but also an

entity. We might compare it physiologically to the cere-

brum of a vertebrate. Both are known to be the highest

or governing centres of the organism; both possess a : soli-

darity or unity of action ; both consist also of parts, each

of which in its turn is not only an anatomical, but also a

physiological entity. We are quite justified in regarding

the protocerebrum of an insect as the headquarters from

which are directed all those complicated reactions and

instincts of the organism which give to its activities what

at any rate appear to be purpose, and adaptation to the

surroundings. There is too great a tendency to lay

emphasis on the potentialities for independent action

which are undoubtedly possessed by the lower nerve

centres of the insect. In all but the very lowest insects

there is a marked degree of specialisation in the structure

and function of the protocerebrum, and this fact of its

solidarity should not be allowed to pass from the mind while

we study in detail the structure and perhaps something of

the function of its parts.

THE PROTOCEREBRUM OF MICROPTERYX.

I. Toe NEuRILEMMA AND GANGLION CELLS.

The whole brain of Micropteryx, that is to say the axonic

parts and the cells, is included in a limiting membrane or

NEURILEMMA (Plate X). This is a very fine sheet of

substance which stains well with the acid stains. It is

certainly a syncytium in Micropteryx, and probably in all

insects. In places where no ganglion cells intervene be-

tween the neurilemma and the axonic part of the brain

the two are closely applied to each other, and the neuri-

lemma can hardly be distinguished, though in material

fixed in the picro-chlor-acetic mixture it can generally be

seen. Occasionally the nuclei of the neurilemma can be

seen even when the layer itself is indistinguishable. The

neurllemma is somewhat thickened mid-dorsally, partly

owing to the fact that a number of tracheal tubes (Plate X)

he in it in this position, partly owing to the presence of a

number of the nuclei, the cells corresponding to which have

fused to form the syncytium of which the neurilemma con-

sists. These nuclei are elongate and smaller than those of

i ae ok

Protocerebrum of Micropteryz. 119

“normal” ganglion cells. They stain deeply with hema-

toxylin. The neurilemma is continuous over the whole

brain dorsally and ventrally and also over the optic lobes;

it is continued downwards to cover the ventral parts of the

central nervous system.

Tue GANcLIon CeLts.—These are spread over the whole

anterior and superior parts of the brain, in a layer which

reaches its greatest thickness mid-dorsally. The layer is

discontinuous or absent beneath the protocerebrum. On

the upper side of the brain the cells may be as many as

15 cells deep, particularly near the middle line between

the ocelli. Various types of ganglion cell must, be distin-

cuished. They all possess a spherical nucleus and a very

small quantity of cytoplasm. The normal cells (g. c.)

cover the protocerebrum above, before and behind. Cells

of this type, which is much the most abundant, are either

motor or else cells of connecting-fibres (Kenyon). The

cells of the mushroom body (mb.c.) are found as a rounded

mass of cells lying just over the head of that organ. Their

nuclei stain heavily with hematoxylin; they are also

smaller than the normal cells. The fibres from these cells

pass into the mushroom body. The distinction in size

between these cells and those of the normal type is not very

great; it can be best observed in material fixed in Gilson’s

fluid. The cells of the optic lobes (0.c.) are still smaller

than those of the mushroom body; and their nuclei

are absolutely spherical and stain very heavily and com-

pletely. No structure within the nucleus can be detected

in ordinary sections and this gives to the masses of cells a

very characteristic appearance. The cytoplasm, per contra,

is scarcely stained at all. These cells form a deep coating

which completely envelopes the three optic ganglia; this

layer is less deep above than below. In Micropteryx giant

cells (gi.c.) are found in small numbers round the base of

the mushroom body just where it passes into the proto-

cerebral lobes (fig. 12, etc.). These cells are few in number,

hardly more than a score on each side. Their nuclei are

spherical and about four times as large as those of normal

cells; there is a considerable quantity of cytoplasm, which

can be stained with eosin; this distinguishes it at once

from the cytoplasm of the other types of ganglion cell.

The nucleolus is generally clearly seen. Haller states that

these cells are mainly, but not entirely, concerned with

conduction across the middle line, and that their axons

120 Mr. ae Buxton on the

pass to the opposite side of the brain, to the antennary lobe

or head of the mushroom body, or even into the optic

lobe. Inside the brain are found small cells, lying singly

or in groups (Plate X). Kiihnle refers to them as

neuroglia cells (ng.) and doubtless he is correct in so doing.

They are found particularly in the space surrounding the

central body and in the interval between the two capsules

of that organ; there are also a few on the surface of the

stem of the mushroom body and in other places (Pl. X).

The nucleus of a neuroglia cell is pyriform or elongate and

stains deeply, and its outline is generally irregular. The

nucleus is smaller than that of a “ normal” ganglion cell.

The axons from the ganglion cells enter the axonic part

of the brain vertically; and they are generally united into

small bundles at their point of entrance. It is to this that

Kiihnle gives the name Einstrémmung.

Spherical black granules occur among the cells in material

fixed in osmic acid, or any mixture containing osmic

acid. These granules are not found in material fixed in

any other fluid, and I regard them as unsaturated fat.

They are found among the ganglion cells and are quite

definitely extracellular.

A note on technique is given at the end of the paper;

suffice it to say here the cells may be studied in material

fixed in the picro-chlor-acetic fluid, but that some specimens

may with advantage be fixed in Bouin’s or Gilson’s fluids,

especially for the study of the different types of cell.

TRACHEATION.—In the brains of most insects fine

tracheal trunks can be detected ramifying in the fibrillar

part of the organ. This is not the case in Micropteryz,

perhaps because of the extremely small size of the whole

msect : so far as I can discover there are no tracheae at all,

either in the ganglion cell layer or the axonic fibrillar part

of the brain. There is a considerable collection of tracheal

trunks (é.) in the neurilemma which lies over the mid-dorsal

part of the brain (Plate X), and it is at least possible that

it is the function of these trunks, which are large and

numerous, to oxygenate the brain by diffusion through the

fluid which lies beneath the neurilemma.

II. Tue PrRorocEREBRAL LOBES.

The protocerebrum of insects is generally described as

consisting of the protocerebral lobes and the various

structures such as the mushroom body, the central] body,

ae “ —— —— ee ee ee ee ot — = re weg ~ re ee

Protocerebrum of Micropteryz. 121

the bridge, the ocellary glomerulus, and the optic lobes.

The term “ protocerebral lobes’ is a comprehensive term

for the great mass of the protocerebrum in or upon which

the other structures lie. The word “lobes” is perhaps

unfortunate, but its use in all papers from an early date to

the present day renders it a classical term. In all insects

the protocerebral lobes (pe. J.) form by far the greater part

of the brain; they are bilaterally symmetrical about the

middle line, but they are not divided from one another by

a raphe. Kiihnle describes their fusion across the middle

line (Verschmelzung), ‘‘ above,” “below,” ete. This is per-

fectly accurate, but it would give a clearer impression to

say that the two lobes are united over their whole extent

at the middle line, except that in the centre a space (la

loge, Viallanes) is left in which lie the central body and

ocellary glomeruli, and the inner root of the mushroom

body.

The union of the two sides in Micropteryx is complete,

but much less definite posterodorsally. Only a very vague

web of fibres covers the central body in this region. It

would, for instance, be possible for a micro-organism to

swim down from the fluid in which the ganglion cells lie

through this web into the space surrounding the central

body. The protocerebral lobes together form a rounded

mass, with its longest axis in the transverse direction.

The mass is flattened above, and prolonged downwards to

fuse with the deuterocerebrum and the tritocerebrum.

The dividing line between the deutero- and trito-cerebrum

cannot be accurately determined. In the embryo they lie

behind one another. In most adult insects, and Micro-

pteryx is no exception to the rule, the deuterocerebrum is

pushed forwards, and the tritocerebrum fuses directly

with the protocerebrum, at any rate by a small part of its

posterior surface. From the lateral side of the proto-

cerebrum the optic nerve is given off. This connects the

protocerebrum to the optic lobes (medullary masses of the

eye).

The relations of the protocerebral lobes are as follows

(text fig. 1, p. 122): mid-dorsally lie the rounded heads of the

mushroom bodies, and between them the bridge. Slightly

in front of this the ocellary nerve is seen, disposed in a

transverse plane with a slight inclination downwards and

backwards. Various organs lie within the protocerebral lobes

in a space full of fluid which has been called la loge by

122 Mr. v,. Buxton on the

Viallanes. These organs are the central body and the ocellary

glomerulus, and the stem and inner root of the mushroom

body ; the forward and backward roots are also buried in the

protocerebral lobes, but they are not definitely separated

from the surrounding parts by a free space. It may be

mentioned here that the mushroom body system is com-

pletely buried in the protocerebrum except at three points.

The parts which project are the head, the lower end of the

stem, and the tip of the forward root (see pp. 125 sqq.).

me lf

mela. vo Ca.

TEXT FIGURE 1.—General relationships of the parts of the proto-

cerebrum. The organ is divided at the middle line and the left

side is shown in the figure, viewed from in front. The cut surface

shows the loge of Viallanes and the organs within it. No cells are

shown; the whole organ as drawn here consists of axonic substance.

a, c, d, j, q, refer to tracts of fibres (see p. 136). br. bridge. d. I.

dorsal protocerebral lobe. hd. head of mushroom body. in. ca.

inner capsule of central body. in.r. inner root of mushroom body.

I. l. lateral lobes of protocerebrum. lo. la loge (Viallanes). mi. l. a.

and mi.l.p. anterior and posterior parts of middle lobe of proto-

cerebrum. oc. gl. ocellary glomerulus. oc. mn. ocellary nerve. ow. ca.

outer capsule of central body. sw. hd. swollen head of ascending

branch of mushroom body. sw. st. swollen foot of stem of mushroom

body. to dm. tracts passing from protocerebrum to deuterocere-

brum. fw. tumulus. vl. l.a. anterior part of ventrolateral lobe.

Protocerebrum of Micropteryz. 123

Special names have been assigned to various parts

of the protocerebrum (refer to Pl. VIJ-IX). Thus dorsally

there is the dorsal lobe (Hawptlappe), below this the ventro-

lateral lobe or Nebenlappe, and midventrally the middle

lobe (Mittelstiick). These parts may all be distinguished

in Micropteryx, and perhaps the mere shape of the lobes

merits description. The dorsal lobe (d./.) is the widest

part of the whole brain. In front its superior surface is

flat; further back there is a specialised rounded projection

in the middle line, to which I give the name Tumulus (tw.).

This lies between the heads of the two mushroom bodies,

and consists of a very tight homogeneous web of axonic

substance more densely compacted than any other part of

the brain. The portions of the dorsal lobe which lie around

and beneath it are of an extremely loose consistency

(see Pl. X).

A large lateral lobe (/.1.) is present on each side.* Its

relations are shown in figs. 10, 12, 13.

The ventrolateral lobes (Nebenlappe) consist of two very

definite parts placed one in front of the other. The anterior

part of the ventrolateral lobe (v./.1.a.) appears as a swelling

below the anterior extremity of the stem of the mushroom

body ; in the region beneath the inner root of the mushroom

body the lobe is insignificant ; and behind this its posterior

part (v.l.1.p.) appears as a large round lobe above the exit

of the motor antennary nerve from the deuterocerebrum.

The middle lobe (mz. 1.) of the protocerebrum lies between

the two ventrolateral lobes. In most insects it consists

of a single body, shaped like an hour-glass, and lying

transversely between the inner roots. In Micropteryx

we can distinguish an anterior and a posterior part of the

lobe. The anterior portion (mz. 1. a.) is of the shape of an

hour-glass, and lies, as it should, between the ends of

the inner roots; it is connected with the anterior part

of the ventrolateral lobe on the same side by a tract

of nerve fibres (tract h). Behind it there is a transverse

bar of axonic tissue, placed below the ocellary glomeruli

and above the various bands which connect the two anten-

nary lobes or deuterocerebra; this is the posterior part

(mi.l.p.) of the middle lobe; to the antennary lobe and

also to the protocerebrum above it this middle lobe is

united by well-marked tracts of nerve fibres (tracts 7 and /).

* This is not le lobe latéral du protocérébron moyen of Viallanes,

which is the ventrolateral lobe.

124 Mr. mm. Buxton on the

Histologically the whole of the protocerebral lobes are

very uniform in structure, and consist of Punktsubstanz of

a moderate degree of density. The tumulus, however, is

very much closer in structure, and the parts of the proto-

cerebral lobes immediately below and around it are very

loosely formed. The lobes are penetrated in all directions

by bundles of axons (Fasersubstanz), some of which are

enumerated below.

III. THe Musyroom Bopy.

(Stalked body—Packard. Pilz—Kiihnle, etc. Gestielte

Koérper—Leydig. Les Corps Pédonculés—Dujardin.)

Before I describe the mushroom body of Micropteryax it

may not be out of place to state that the organ consists

typically of a cup-shaped or globular head (calice, Pilzhut,

Becher, lobe a4 convolutions) supported by a stem (Stamm, tige,

cauliculus, pedunculus) which divides below into a number

of roots or branches. The word Stiel is used by Kiihnle to

denote the stem and roots together. An early worker,

Newton, described the brain of the cockroach. In this

insect the head and stem of the mushroom body are double,

and Newton named the two stems the cauliculus and

pedunculus, respectively. A small number of insects have

their mushroom body formed on a simpler plan, with only

one head and one stem. It is better, therefore, not to use

the terms cauliculus and pedunculus, which are responsible

for the notion that two supports of the mushroom body are

to be looked for in the typical insect brain. As will be seen

later the homologies of the roots of the organ are very

obscure.

This exceedingly simplified account of the least complex

type of mushroom body may serve to remind the reader

of the essential characters of that organ. A full account

of that of Forficula, together with a painstaking summary of

previous work, is given by Kiihnle. This is valuable, but

as I shall explain later I believe that Kiihnle has made

a fundamental mistake in homology. The summary in

Packard’s text book is out of date and most difficult to

understand.

At first sight it appears that the mushroom body of

Micropteryz is formed on a plan not altogether identical with

that found in other insects. This is not very surprising,

for nothing is yet known of the brains of the Lepidoptera

or T'richoptera. I hope, however, to show that the diffi-

Protocerebrum of Micropteryz. 125

culties are rather apparent than real, and that Micropteryx

is really one of those organisms from the study of which

we may draw valuable inference as to the comparative

anatomy of the insect brain. It is always a most difficult

thing to form a picture of the mushroom body of an insect

when that organ is described by another worker. This is

due, in part at least, to the complexity of the organs which

lie in all three planes of space. I shall endeavour to make

my meaning clear by giving several sketches of a mental

reconstruction of the organ in question. Its structure in

Micropteryx is comparatively simple, and I have not found

it necessary to make a wax-plate model. I have, of course,

most carefully examined sections in all three planes of

space (text figs. 2, 3, pp. 128—9).

The head of the mushroom body of Micropteryz is a single

globular mass of axonic tissue, and belongs to the Hécker

type of Kiihnle. It appears that a similar structure was

described by Flégel in certain moths; but it is never easy

to understand his descriptions, for he was much hampered

by the defective methods of his time.

The head of the mushroom body (hd.) projects conspicu-

ously into the ganglion cells above and behind. It is not .

so large, however, as to make a prominence in the upper

surface of that layer.

From the cells of the mushroom body (p. 119) the fibres

pass into the head of the mushroom body. We must notice

that there are no points at which a number of fibres enter

together; the entry is general and spread over the whole

surface of the head. Kenyon’s application of the Golgi

method to the brain of the bee makes it clear that after

entering the substance of the head the fibres give off a

collateral branch which in turn divides to form twigs.

These twigs interlace with similar twigs from the collaterals

of other cells to form a glomerular body (Faserbdllchen).

There must be several score of these bodies in the head of

the mushroom body of Micropteryx. They are very small

and by no means easily distinguished. After giving off

its collateral the fibre proceeds downward as a component

part of the stem. The fibres do not form a definite tract

within the head, but pass through in a diffuse manner. It

is only when they reach the underside that they unite to

form the stem.

From the inner and inferior aspect of the head of the

mushroom body a band of fibres sweeps downwards and

126 Mr. alt Buxton on the

inwards past the side of the outer capsule of the central body.

This band gives off a few fibres to the outer capsule (tract 7),

and then passes into that region of the protocerebral lobes

which lies on each side of the central body (tract r); there

the band divides and is lost to sight (Pl. VIII, fig. 12, and

Pl. X). Such a tract has not been described in other

insects.

The stem (st.) of the mushroom body leaves the ventral

side of the head and passes downwards and forwards and

also slightly inwards; it is a single cylindrical rod of parallel

fibres; and whatever may be the case in other insects it

is not penetrated by a canal. It may also be noticed that

it is not surrounded by a sheath. (Even if it were I should

not follow Kiihnle in calling the sheath a neurilemma.

A neurilemma is a syncytial layer covering a brain or

ganglion.)

The stem is one of the most striking features of any

section in which it occurs; it stains more heavily than

the surrounding protocerebral lobes, and is a most use-

ful landmark. The stem is a cylindrical structure, and

well-fixed material shows that the greater part of its

shaft is surrounded by a space which is not developed

at its top or bottom; at these points the stem simply

pierces the surrounding parts of the protocerebral lobes.

At its lower and anterior end the stem is swollen and be-

comes superficial, that is to say it is no longer buried in

the protocerebral lobes, but reaches the surface in the

interval between the dorsal lobe and the anterior part

of the ventrolateral lobe. At this point it is covered by a

few nuclei; some of these are merely nuclei of neuroglia

cells, some are nuclei of true nerve cells, which send their

axons into the foot of the stem. This is certainly remark-

able, but I have satisfied myself that it is the case by

examining a large number of sections through this region.

At the bottom of the stem we should expect the roots to

arise, and actually we find two processes of rather uncertain

homologies, both of which make a marked angle with the

stem. The first runs inwards and slightly backwards, and

is the inner root (in. r.; innere Wurzel of Kiihnle). It is

straight and cylindrical and separated from its fellow of

the opposite side by a very distinct part of the proto-

cerebrum, the anterior part of the middle lobe. At its

termination the inner root is somewhat swollen.

The second structure which leaves the anterior end of

I <<

Protocerebrum of Micropteryx. 127

the stem may be called the ascending trunk (as. tr.). The

homologies of this organ are obscure and will be discussed

- later. It runs upwards for a very short distance and

divides into two portions.

At its point of division it is swollen. For the moment

let us cal] one of its branches the ascending and the other

the posterior branch.*

The ascending branch (as. br.) runs up directly to the

surface of the brain and is there swollen into an acorn-

shaped head. It is covered by a thin layer of ganglion cells

of the normal type, and these send their axons into the

branch. This is a point of interest, for here and also at

the foot of the stem we have a few nerve cells which appear

to belong to the mushroom body. Similar conditions have

been occasionally described in other insects, notably in

Periplaneta by Haller.

The posterior branch (po. br.) of the ascending trunk runs

backwards and slightly upwards and inwards. Its ter-

minal part is bifid, but the two portions do not diverge from

one another. It is completely enclosed in the protocerebral

lobes, and even in fixed material is not always very easy

to see. It is about two-thirds the length of the stem.

Before we proceed to discuss the homologies of these organs

it is absolutely necessary to grasp their anatomy and

relationships.

Let us now consider the homologies of these three

branches of the stem. The first I have already identi-

fied as the inner root (innere Wurzel of Kiihnle). This

identification rests on its relations to other organs.

The ascending trunk is an organ for which I find no

parallel in any insect brain yet investigated. This is not

very remarkable when we remember that the brains of no

Lepidopteron or Trichopteron have yet been fully described.

According to a view which I now put forward the ascend-

ing trunk is to be regarded as the united base of the

forward root (vordere Wurzel) and of the backward root

(riicklaufige Wurzel). Great obscurity exists with regard to

* T use the term “ trunk” and ‘ branch” rather than “ root ”

in order not to commit myself to any view as to homologies which

are fully discussed later. The terms are of a provisional nature.

It may be objected that I am adding to the synonymy, but it is

almost a necessity to have some unequivocal name for an organ

until its homologies are fixed. The word “ root’ I use as a full

equivalent of the German Wurzel.

128 A Buxton on the

the homologies of the ascending and posterior branches of

the ascending trunk.

It is probably best to consider the ascending branch as

forward root (vordere Wurzel, Kiihnle; tubercule antérieur,

>

wwe we Oe ee em ee ete ew we

TrxT FIGURE 2.—Outline drawings of the right mushroom body.

A, seen from the outer side (lateral view). B, from above. C, from

in front. (The stem and head are behind and not shown in this

drawing.) The line aa represents the median (sagittal) plane.

The cells are not shown; the whole organ as drawn here consists

of axonic substance.

as. br. ascending branch. as.ér. ascending trunk. hd. head of

mushroom body. in.r. inner root. po.br. posterior branch. st.

se sw. hd. swollen head of mushroom body. sw. st. swollen foot

of stem.

——

TEXT FIGURE 3.—Outline drawing of six longitudinal vertical

sections (A—F), to show the relations of the parts of the mushroom

body to surrounding pe. /., the last being nearest the middle line.

The six sections are not consecutive. Dorsal is to the left; anterior

(cephalad) towards the top of the page. Only the axonic parts are

here shown, the cells being omitted.

a. etc. nerve fibres of tract a (p. 136) and other tracts, passing

from protocerebrum to lowér parts of brain. as. br. ascending

branch. as.tr. ascending trunk. 6. tract b. br. bridge. d. l.

dorsal lobe. ez. Einstrémmung (p. 120). hd. head of mushroom

body. im.ca. inner capsule of central body. in.7. inner root of

mushroom body. oc. gl. ocellary glomerulus. oc. n. ocellary nerve.

ou.ca. outer capsule. pe.l. protocerebral lobes. po. br. posterior

branch. st. stem. sw. hd. swollen head of mushroom body. sw. st.

swollen foot of stem. v/./. ventrolateral lobes.

TRANS. ENT. SOC. LOND. 1917.—PARTI. (NOV.) K

130 Mr. pm Buxton on the

Viallanes). This is suggested by its general direction and

by the fact that it ends on the surface of the fibrillar part

of the brain, under a thin portion of the ganglion cell layer.

With this we may compare the similar “ free’ ending of

the tubercule antérieur in Acridians (Viallanes, 1887, p. 42,

fig. 46), and of the vordere Wurzel in Apis (Jonescu, p. 137,

Text fig. 10a) and in Vespa (Viallanes, 1886). The author

remarks: “ La premiere se porte directement en avant pour

gagner la surface antérieure du renflement primaire; Cc est

la corne antérieure.”

If, then, the ascending branch is the equivalent of the

vordere Wurzel, we must homologise the posterior branch

with the riicklaufige Wurzel, or backward root, in considera-

tion of its backward direction and deeply buried termination:

this would probably be accepted were it not that Kiihnle

has asserted that the tubercule antérieur of Viallanes is the

homologue of the vordere Wurzel and also of the riicklaufige

Wurzel. Against this I must enter a most emphatic protest.

In the first place, there is an inherent improbability about

it; we cannot willingly believe that vordere and antérieur

refer to an organ which is described in other insects as

“running back’ (riicklaufige). We surely need good

evidence before we can accept such a statement? In the

face of that improbability Kiihnle was dangerously bold in

asserting the homology. When a great many more types

have been investigated we shall be able to bridge many of

the gaps which at present exist in our knowledge. Till

then we can none of us be certain of any but the most

obvious homologies, partly because the described types

are so few, partly because no living man has first-hand

knowledge of more than half a dozen insect brains.

Kiihnle was probably led into this error by the fact that

the majority of insect brains show only two roots, some of

them lacking the forward, others the backward root.

If, however, Kiihnle’s homology be accepted, the one

which I have suggested must fall; for clearly I cannot

give the terms vordere and riicklaufige to two structures if,

as Kiihnle says, they are in this case synonymous. Ido

not wish to press my own convictions unduly; but at any

rate they are based on considerations of relative position,

that is to say on actual fact.

If, then, Kiihnle is right and I am wrong, we may either

assume that the ascending trunk and its branches (ascend-

ing and posterior) together form the backward (riicklaw/ige,

Protocerebrum of Muicropteryz. 131

vordere) root, or else that the posterior branch represents

that organ and that the ascending branch is a new organ.

The first of these views is supported by the fact that the

ascending and posterior branches leave the stem by a com-

mon origin, the ascending trunk. On the other hand, so

far as our knowledge yet goes there is no other brain in

which the backward root is bifurcated, which is what this

view implies.

As I have said, it is also possible to regard the posterior

branch as the riicklaufige Wurzel (vordere Wurzel, tubercule

antérieur) and the ascending root as an organ which cannot

be homologised with anything yet described. This is quite

a rational view to adopt, for practically nothing is yet known

about the brain of the Lepidoptera. Personally I do not

see any necessity for dubbing this a new organ, but if

Kiihnle’s identification of the vordere with the riicklaufige

Wurzel is proved correct, then we shall probably find it

necessary to find a name for what I have provisionally called

the ascending branch. An investigation of other types

might yield most fruitful results.

This very small and abstruse point must be settled defi-

nitely before the study of insect brains has gone further.

Unfortunately it is not possible to attack the question from

a comparative standpoint, but it is essential that we should

start work with our homologies correctly and clearly defined.

There can be no compromise between Kiihnle’s view and

my own, and the point at issue is fundamental. I consider

that there is, at any rate, very little reason for doubting

my identification of the innere Wurzel, which agrees with

the views of previous writers.

These conflicting views may be expressed thus: accord-

ing to my view, ascending trunk = common origin of—

1. Ascending branch (vordere Wurzel, etc.)

= Forward root.

2. Posterior branch (riichlaufige Wurzel)

= Backward root.

Kiihnle, however, asserts that riichlaufige Wurzel=vordere

Wurzel. If this is so, then either—

(i) Ascending trunk and ascending branch and posterior

branch together = riicklaufige Wurzel, or else—

(u) Ascending trunk = common origin of (a) posterior

branch (riicklaufige Wurzel) and (b) ascending branch

(not homologous with anything yet described).

-

132 Mr. P. A. Buxton on the

I believe that the characters by which the three roots