ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

XI

SYSTEMATICS

OF

LEPANTHES

SUBGENUS BRACHYCLADIUM

AND

PLEUROTHALLIS

SUBGENUS AENIGMA

SUBGENUS ELONGATIA

SUBGENUS KRAENZLINELLA

ADDENDA TO DRACULA, LEPANTHOPSIS, MYOXANTHUS,

PLATYSTELE, PORROGLOSSUM AND TRISETELLA

(ORCHIDACEAE)

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ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

XI

SYSTEMATICS

OF

LEPANTHES

SUBGENUS BRACHYCLADIUM

AND

PLEUROTHALLIS

SUBGENUS AENIGMA

SUBGENUS ELONGATIA

SUBGENUS KRAENZLINELLA

ADDENDA TO DRACULA, LEPANTHOPSIS, MYOXANTHUS,

PLATYSTELE, PORROGLOSSUM AND TRISETELLA

Carlyle A. Luer

|

Missouri Botanical Garden

MISSOURI BOTANICAL

FEB 07 1995

MONOGRAPHS IN SYSTEMATIC BOTANY

FROM THE MISSOURI BOTANICAL GARDEN

Volume 52

Published in December 1994 in an edition

of 500 copies.

ISSN 0161-1542

ISBN 0-915279-29-0

Carlyle A. Luer

3222 Old Oak Drive

Sarasota, FL 34239

Series Epiror

Marshall R. Crosby

MANAGING EprToR

Amy Scheuler McPherson

Ebrroria ASSISTANT

Diana Gunter

PUBLICATIONS STAFF

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CONTENTS

Lepanthes erepsis tispi

Systematics of Lepanthes subgenus Brachycladi 1-50

Systematics of Pleurothallis subgenus Aenigma 51-68

Systematics of Pleurothallis subg Elongatia 69-88

Systematics of Pleurothallis subg Ki linell 89-110

Addenda 111

Addenda to Dracula 112-115

Addenda to Lepanthopsis 116-119

Addendum to Myoxanthus 120

Addenda to Platystele 121-133

Addendum to Porrogl 134-135

Addendum to Trisetella 136-137

Lepanthes —— Luer & Hirtz, E cuador, Province of Zamora hipe, pendent in round forest

above Yangana, altitude 2450 meters above sea level, 23 Mar. oe eis by Alexander Hirtz 2371.

Pe ee ee ee Me ee ey

ll a a AT Ma en

eben ee OF THE SUBGENUS BRACHYCLADIUM

ENUS LEPANTHES (ORCHIDACEAE)

ABSTRACT

D L hd T re +h < d th.

fa a is is described. A key to ‘the species is given. Each species is described

a black and white drawing. A distribution map is included for

New taxa

rp gen. Brachycladi ct Amplectentes Luer, sect. nov.

r «eL s.. D. Aa ; ae < Tr sect nov.

‘a 2 vr ,

L th. fi. tla L & Escobar, Sp. NOV.

Lepanthes ciliaris Luer & Hirtz, Sp. NOV.

Escobar, Sp. nov.

Lepanthes irrasa Luer & Escobar. Sp. Nov.

Lepanthes lunaris Luer, sp. nov.

Lepanthes pholeter Luer, Sp. nov

i fetches. sp. Nov

Lepanthes } ricti i Luer & Vasquez, sp. nov.

Lepanthes triangularis Luer, sp. nov.

Lepanthes ursula Luer & Escobar, sp. nov.

Professor Reichenbach described the first species of this subgenus in 1856 as

Lepanthes nummularia from a collection by Dr. Jameson near Quito, Ecuador.

Simultaneously he proposed the section Brachycladae to accommodate the unusual

habit of the species with “‘secondary stems” shorter than the “primary stems”’ (i.e.

ramicauls shorter than the rhizomes). In contrast, the other section he erected was

Macrocladae, named for the “‘long stems”’ which included all the other species of

Lepanthes known at that time.

Thirty years later, Reichenbach added the next two epithets referable to this

subgenus when he described side by side in 1886 the inseparable L. pilosella and L.

dasyphylla from Colombian collections by Consul Lehmann. The next description

would not be until 1920 when Schlechter added another name, L. peperomioides,

for the same frequent and variable species. The third new species, L. pseudocaules-

cens, was described in 1934 by Smith and Harris when they also redescribed the

two common species L. nummularia and L. pilosella.

The subgenus is well-defined by the long-repent, more or less pendent habit.

The creeping rhizomes, either ascending or descending are produced by individual

segments only a few millimeters long, each of which produces a short ramicaul

commonly only one millimeter long. The little leaves appear alternating, often

overlapping, as the chain of rhizomes continues to elongate, often reaching 30 to 40

centimeters in length, sometimes reaching nearly a meter in length. Each individual

rhizomes is enclosed by two or three, commonly long-spiculate sheaths with dilated

ostia, while the ramicaul is usually clad in only one. No species of Lepanthes with

a habit intermediate between this repent habit and a caespitose habit is known.

The leaves are small, coriaceous, and elliptical to suborbicular. The apex is

prominently notched with a central mucro. The size of the leaves of some species

varies considerably. The leaves vary from being totally glabrous to ciliate, or

pubescent. In one widely distributed species, L. pilosella, glabrous to densely long-

pubescent leaves are found in various regions of its range, while the flowers are

indistinguishable

2 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

The flowers of the subgenus are produced successively in few-flowered

racemes, although the inflorescence often ceases after producing only one flower in

several species. The flowers are resupinate with the unpaired sepal often

the combined lateral sepals. The dorsal sepal varies from convex to concave and

the number of veins varies from three to nine. The lateral sepals vary from being

totally connate to widely spread.

The petals are often longer than broad, a rare finding in the caespitose subgenus,

but transversely bilobed petals similar to those of the other subgenus also occur. In

a few species the size of the petals is remarkably reduced, sometimes as minute as

0.15 millimeter long and broad.

The lip is extremely variable as it is in subgenus Lepanthes, and it is also vari-

able within widely distributed species. It is connate to the base of the footless

column. The column also varies as it does in subgenus Lepanthes. The anther is

either dorsal or apical while the stigma is either apical or ventral.

contains 24 known species widely distrib-

uted in the Andes from the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia into Bolivia. None has

yet been identified from Central America, Venezuela or Brazil. The species are

usually found trailing in damp moss or from the lower branches of well-shaded

trees in wet, virgin forests at altitudes usually over 2000 meters above sea level.

Occasionally plants are found on wet, mossy road embankments.

nae Lact, Monogr. Syst. Bot. 15: 31, 1986.

rate gesno Ser brachyclados, “ a sho t branch,” bea short ramicauls.

> pt. £

Paihte 1: 142, 1856.

salty ees h) ladae Rchb-f., Xenia Orchid 1: 142, 1856, as Brachyclada.

yn,: Leg ntes Garay, Canad. J. Bot. 34: 252, 1956, nomen nudum.

Plants perennial very small to Tl , but cee ae 1.4

weak to robust, enirdhvuts, a “sa

deans covey tec with dsichous,

tive short n on trig leaves, gnlenawoged

ees , unifoliate, encine d by eh eet IIe ae vanes . = fthe ai ain

to densely long-pubescent, reen or dark gu pall J > z

pas » elliptical to narrowly . pice let nihin: +, 4 1, Sire ep

mie ba t le Inflarces #

bat so y reduced toa single flo er, borne by a short peduncle, usually

8 rs 1 ul, the flowers

trivalvate; peasy l to pubescent or spiculate,

cent, the dorsal sepal erect, et ly colored, smooth, ciate denticulate, or pubes-

petals usually small and j

iconspicuous, triangular, li

ofa minuly cit eeeeehie linear oblong, iid or bifid, or ensversalybilobed,

subgenus Lepanthes or rarely wT loping th . olumn, rarely bilaminate with an appendix as in

the column; column terete, s asm

Sie) ‘Bie cristnthen

anther dorsal

or ventral, anther cap deciduous, -celed, the palinia 2 yeion, icp ustaes samuat na ace.

Ce tt) ee eee ee oe

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 3

Vegetatively all the species are basically similar. They are divided into sections

by the morphology of the flowers. First, the lip, then the sepals determine the sec-

tions. Lepanthes stalactites with a bilaminate lip and an appendix, and L. nummu-

laria with the minute lip hidden beneath the column are segregated into monotypic

sections. The other species, too closely allied to suggest separating, are included in

the third section.

Lepanthes subgen. Brachycladium sect. Brachycladae Rchb_f.

Type: Lepanthes nummularia Rchb.f

This monotypic section is characterized by a successively flowered raceme of

very small flowers borne on top of the leaf. The minute lip is hidden beneath the

column. The lip is pubescent, broadly ovate and concave with a transverse callus

more or less filling the cavity.

Lepanthes subgen. Brachycladium sect. Bilamellatae Luer, sect. nov.

Type: Lepanthes stalactites Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 105, 1987

Ety.: From the Latin bilaminatus, “‘bilaminate,” referring to the blades of the lip.

Labellum bilaminatum.

This monotypic section is characterized by a successively seh raceme of

small flowers borne on top of the leaf, similar in habit to L. nummularia. The lip is

bilaminate with an appendix, similar to those present in subgenus recniectg

PrP t 4 A 7 4 4

Lepanthes subgen sect. Luer, sect. nov.

Type: econ pilosella Rchbf, Flora 69: 556, 1886.

Ety.: From the Latin amplectens, “clasping,” chening to the lip that embraces the column.

Labellum columnam amplectens.

This section contains all the species of the genus except for two that are segre-

gated into monotypic sections. This section is characterized successive flowers that

are held above the leaf by a short but ascending peduncle, and a the lip with in-

curved sides that more or less encircle or embrace the column

- ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

KEY TO THE SECTIONS AND SPECIES

OF SUBGENUS BRACHY CLADIUM

1: Inflorescence reclining, bome upon the surface of the leaf wa

1’ Inflorescence ascendin , bome above the surface of the leaf 3

Section Bilaminatae

2 Lip bilaminate with an ppendi L. stalactites

Section Brachycladae

2’ Lip minute, concea led b olumn, not bilaminate............. L. nummularia

Section oh lt teened

3 Dorsal sepal 3-veined.... ~

3° Dorsal sepal 5-, 7-, or 9-veined Pacis 16

4 Petals trifurcate.. ee SORT CSe Ta aR L. dactyla

Persist ee as

+ Pelee nee ig 10

: Lip lon g-Ciliate ... 7

6’ Lip pe do to microscopically pubescent. SIMO AS 8

pals glabrous... trstdeeiveninsescivesoisessevsensasneensunveseeecseees tee MMORITA

r ised long-ciliate-pubescent

epee iternteieniensriitiemtes seca ccyecc is L. ciliaris

8 Lip transverse basal lobes nou basal lobes... sevesssseseeeeL. Pendens

8° Lip subcordate with with basal lobes... eg

9 Sepals deeply connate smn: pel cnc taped and L. lunaris

9” Sepals shallowly connate; petals pubescent... L. pseudocaulescens

10 Petals narrowly elongate... See 11

10" Petals not narrowly elongate 77" SN ener 12

scarica oe petals long-ciliate....

Synsepal; petals glabrous... aoe ra “tl

12 Petals m

12° Petals pomp nioc ar sry enc eee 13

Poeseee 1

Pee eeeees, TSO Pete e eessecees oenesees, TPP Seeeees

13 Lateral sepals free

13” Sr ery ren pcr. etre eaten pier

4 Sepals obtuse obtuse, glabrous; glabrous... j

1 Sepals oo eS ip lip pubescent vw microperala

5 Sepals denticulate: =P deeply cordate

, ivenedietiiocgii ts cversesesecsdo, LUDUIA

13 Sepals finely pubesce hot denticulate: lip shallowly cordate. eon AE z. a

16 Dorsal sepal ciliate: petals less than 1 I

16 Donal mm long... catella

sepal glabrous; petals more than 2 mm mm long..... es a Poe ee

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 5

17 Dorsal sepal orbicular, deeply concave 18

17’ Dorsal sepal erect, obovate, flat to shallowly concave 21

18 Dorsal sepal 9-veined; petals with acute, basal lobes................-.-ssessees0++ L. erepsis

18’ Dorsal sepal 5- to 7-veined; petals not with acute, basal 1Ob€S.............-s+sssse0+ 19

PT

19 Petals long-villous L. villosa

19’ Petals glabrous 0)

20 Dorsal sepal 9 mm long, ie? Soke ee be di hanelaileantoiesantes L. ursula

20’ Dorsal sepal 5-7 mm long, glabr L. pilosilla

21 Lip tra , more or less truncate L. platysepala

21’ Lip cordate, acute at the apex 22

22 Petals sagittate, bilobed at the base, glabrous L. cardiochila

22’ Petals ovate, ciliate L. composita

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS AND EPITHETS

REFERRAB O SUBGENUS BRACHYCLADIUM

4 Lepanthes cardiochila Luer & Escobar Plate 1.

F. Lepanthes catella Luer & Escobar Plate 2.

4 Lepanthes ciliaris Luer & Hirtz Plate 3.

a Lepanthes composita & Escobar Plate 4.

a Lepanthes dactyla Gara Plate 5.

| Lepanthes dasyphylla Rehb. f. = Lepanthes pilosella

Lepanthes destituta Luer & Escobar Plate 6.

Lepanthes erepsis Luer & Hirtz Plate 7.

Lepanthes hippocrepica Luer & Escobar Plate 8.

Lepanthes irrasa Luer & Escoba Plate 9

epanthes lunaris Luer Plate 10

Lepanthes lupula Luer & Hirtz Plate 11.

Lepanthes micropetala L.O. Williams Plate 12.

Lepanthes monilia Luer & Escobar Plate 13.

Lepanthes nummularia Rchb.f. Plate 14., 15.

Lepanthes ospinae Garay = Lepanthes nummularia

Lepanthes palmaritoénsis Garay = Lepanthes pilosella

Lepanthes pendens Garay Plate 16.

asian oh piel ‘Schltr. = Lepanthes pilosella

Lepanthes pholeter | Plate 17.

Lepanthes pilosella Rehb f. Plate 18.

Lepanthes platysepala L uer & Escobar Plate 19.

Lepanthes polygonoides L. B. Smith & Harris = Lepanthes nummularia

Lepanthes pseudoca aulescens L. B. Smith & Harris Plate 20.

Lepanthes ricii Luer & Vasquez Plate 21.

Lepanthes ee L. B. Smith & Harris = Lepanthes pilosella

Lepanthes es sta ce = Hirtz Plate 22.

Lepanthes 1 Plate 23.

Lepanthes ursula Luer x Take Plate 24.

Lepanthes villosa Lojtnant Plate 25.

6 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Lepanthes cardioc Escobar,

“pester sai lage “a heart- ii lip,” in reference to the labellum.

d 1 ; (nom, Ne . b-

Species haec L - pilosellae Rehb. affinis, ied sepal : eee pore , petalis o|

scure trilobatis, et labell r

Plant ize fi » epiphytic, pendent, with branches up to 20 cm long or long-

er, the rhizomes slender, 4-5 mm si betw i imbricating,

spiculate,

anthiform sheaths; roots slender, from wales near the stop of the branches. jomebles 0.5 mm ma

’ lepanthiform sheath. I coriaceous ight-

concealed by 1 : :

ly Sree short-ciliate, ae, ovate-subcordate, obtuse, 7-9 mm long, 6-8 mm wide, 5-

mm |

ong; sepals col: spi menbrmnour the dorsal sepal erect, b ch obovate, obtuse, 4.5 mm

og 3 ma wie 5-(7-)veined, conn the lateral Is fi sepals a

» connate 3 mm into an ovate, acute, shortly bifid svilepal cies lang. 3.75 toe wie, :

«cass ect ante 1.5 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, the lobes t triangular, obtuse;

Hp elabrovs, deeply cordate, acute, 1.75 mm long, 2.5 mm m wide € expanded, with the basal lobes

lobes rounded,

the ; column 2 mm long, with the anther

and the stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Risaralda: da: epiphytic in forest

remnant above Pereira, alt, ca. 2000 m, co collected by

A. DeWilde, flowered in cultivation by A. DeWilde,

10 May 1993, C. Luer 16773 (Holotype: MO), eK

Superficially, this species is similar to

L. pilosella and its relatives, but the leaves

are more or less cordate in , Slightly

concave, and only slightly ciliate on the

margins. The sheaths are long-spiculate.

The inflorescence is a short, ascending,

Successively-flowered raceme. The flat

dorsal sepal stands erect, the synsepal is

Ovate and shortly bifid, and the petals are

Sagittate, lobed at the base. The lip is

y Cordate with the basal lobes envel-

oping the column and with the acute apex

beneath the column.

Lepanthes catella Luer Escobar, Orquideo

Ety.: From the Latin cree “a litle chain,” in ceologia 16: 10, 1983.

&

Plant small, epiphytic ic, pendent, with with branches up to 30 cm lon:

ween caul, 21 il 8, the rhizomes slender, 3-4 mm long

se cares base preg A ni tes Toa lepanthiform sheaths: roots slender, from

mm long

. SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 7

Plate 1. Lepanthes cardiochila Luer & Escobar

8 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Boyaca: epiphytic in wet

forest between iquira, alt.

Ta, m,

26 Apr. 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & D.

Portillo 7554 (Holotype: SEL).

This species is known only from the

Eastern Cordillera of Colombia where it

occurs with other members of the subge-

nus (L. nummularia, L. pendens and L.

pilosella). Vegetatively, it is distinguished

by the ciliate leaves; a successive, few-

flowered raceme, broad, apiculate, ciliate

sepals; small, ovate, pubescent petals less

than one millimeter long; and a minutely

pubescent, subcordate lip with basal lobes

that surround the column.

Species haec E. moniliae Luer & Escobar affinis, sed foliis glabris, floribus parvis albis, sepalis

_ Plant small for the subgenus Brachycladium, epiphytic, pendent, up to 20 cm long or longer, the

between rami ose, i i ili

slender, 3 mm long Tamicauls, enclosed by 2-3 loose, infundibular, long-ciliate sheath

A >» long-ciliate Ss,

roots slender at the base. Ram: slender, 1-3 mm long, enclosed by 2 infundibular, ciliate,

ves pendent, distichous, thickly co: 5 » elliptical, subacute, the blade 5-6 mm long, 4

: : a petiole mm ong. a

to8 mm long, including the peduncle ca. 3 mm long, bome on top of the leaf: floral bracts 0.75 mm

long; pedicels 1.75 mm long; ovary 1 mm long, cellular-pubescent; sepals long-ciliate, pubescent, the

ly ovate, obtuse, 1.8 mm long, 2 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5

saw the lateral sepals diverging, elliptical, obtuse, apiculate, 1.8 ome long, 1.4 mm wide, 2-veined,

orayede mm; petals transversely bilobed or lunate, long-ciliate, pubescent, 0.2 mm long, 0.8 mm

svi cick equal, trian » Incurved with the apices narrowly rounded; lip white, long-ciliate,

ot yp oncaepens . agg Imm Wide expanded, the apex broadly rounded, the basal angles round-

1 oi 7 t f the column by a slender claw; column terete,

mm long, the anther dorsal, the stigma apical

ECUADOR: Prov. of Napo: epiphytic forest on the

westem flank of Volcan Reventador, alt. 1550 m,

Apr. 1986, A. Hirtz 2887 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer

illustr. 14699. Prov. of Sucumbios: between El

armelo and La Bonita, alt. 2000 m, Aug. 1990, A.

Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Dei Hierro & F. Sarmiento 4967

(MO).

This species is apparently endemic on

the eastern slopes of the Andes of north-

eastern Ecuador. Lepanthes ciliaris is

distinguished by the small habit with

leaves; iding, succes-

Sively-flowered racemes of small, white

flowers with long-ciliate and pubescent

floral parts: broadly ovate sepals; very

l, lunate petals; and a cordate lip with

the sides embracing the column.

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

Plate 2. Lepanthes catella Luer & Escobar

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 3. Lepanthes ciliaris Luer & Hirtz

er

«halt, be ek Sea i Sp Nm et Ee a

bah x

aes

|

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 11

— semen Luer & Escobar,

e Latin re “‘of different see in allusion to the similarity of certain floral

sale to ei ns other species

Species haec L. siteasiiie Rehb-f. affinis, sed lo posti cto late obovato t t n

Plant average in size for the pie anere — pendent, with branches up to 20 cm long or long-

er, the rhizomes slender, 2-3 mm long between ramicauls, enclosed by 2 gg hee oe lep-

anthiform sheaths; roots slender, ne wae near the base of the ‘branches. Ramic .5 mm long,

concealed yi long-ciliate, lepanthiform sheath. L ser ath lenti-

form, long-pubescent, broadly elliptical, obtuse, 7-8 mm lon, ong, 5-8 mm — 3-veined, the base contract-

into a — less than 1 mm long. Inflorescence a single flow me by an ascending peduncle 1

m near the apex of a ramicaul; floral bract edie 4 mm long; sg lmm ne

me antsy verrucose, 1 mm long; sepals color unknown, membranous, glabrous, the do

roadly — erect, subtruncate, 6 mm long, 5 mm wide, 5-veined, acai free from the hacail

wide,

ma the lat sepals ovate, oblique, subacute, 4.5 mm long, 3 mm wide, connate | 1.25 mm, 2-veined;

ciliate, cote te ak : ie mm long, 0.75 mm wide; lip glabrous, obscurely 3-lobed, 2

wide expanded on kets angular, deflexed, with the lateral or basal lobes

erect, une A replant the c a umn, th connate to the base of the column; column

1.5 mm long, the anther and the stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Risaralda: epiphytic in pe

remnant above Pereira, alt. ca. 2000 m, Jan. 1993,

DeWilde 397 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illostr. 16a.

Features of this species are reminiscent

of several of the other species of the

subgenus. In habit, it is similar to most of

them with average-sized, pubescent

leaves. The sepals are glabrous. The

erect, obovate, only slightly concave

dorsal sepal is similar to that of L. platyse-

pala. The spreading lateral sepals are

similar to those of L. micropetala. The

ciliate petals are similar to those of L.

catella. The lip is similar to that of L.

lupula or L. micropetala but with a de-

cruved apical lobe

— dactyla Garay, Orquideologia 6: 13, 1971.

From the Greek dactylos, “‘a finger,” referring to the shape of the petals.

Plant — es: — long-repent, occasionally branching, the rhizome 3-4 mm long

between rami nclosed by 2 long-spiculate sheaths with dilated, long-ciliate am

roots slender, bere the ca Nanliidls abbreviated, 1 mm long, enclosed a long-ciliate, lepanthi

singe flower, borne by a slender, oar namie peduncle 2 mm lon g; floral bract spiculate, 1 mm long;

pedicel 1.5 mm long; ovary 0. <a a -ciliate, the dorsal sepal

ovate, obtuse, 3 mm long, 2.33 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the — sepals for 0. St mm, the lateral

sepals ovate, subacute, oblique, 2.75 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connat 0.5 mm, 2-vein purple,

narrowly trifurcate, the lobes filiform, long-ciliate yp the aes the middle lobe 2 mm long, the

a less ee I — long; lip dark red-purple, ce ar-pubesceat, s subcordate, 1.66 mm _ 1.5

; ded, the basal lobes narrowly the column, the base

ees to . aie column; column | mm long, the pai a a stigma apical.

SRE BA SESE Se eS ee ee ee te ie ar fee

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 4. Lepanthes composita Luer & Escobar

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

3mm

Plate 5. Lepanthes dactyla Garay

14 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Antioquia: along roa road bet-

AF.

Escobar, H.R. Sweet & L. A. Garay 645 (Holotype:

Hecead of epiphytic in scrub forest 4

wan Dalia OG haga t. 2600 m, 1 June } i aa

ise, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar ba A aag a os

8034 (SEL). Dept. of Norte de Santande oledo, _— 7

Alto de s, alt. 2150 m, 13 ae ae Cc. i -

tal J. Luer, R. Secon & "E. Valencia 10352 : vis

(MO).

fe

FS

This species occurs in both the central res ‘

and eastern cordilleras of Colombia. It is A a H

characterized by chains of broadly ellipti- | 9 ~~ ii

cal, ciliate leaves that are similar to some aad —

other species of the subgenus. The flow-

ers are distinguished by ovate, ciliate ‘

narrowly trifurcate petals. The — _—

tips of the filamentous segments are long- Coe 4

ciliate. The sides of the cordate lip sur- , *

round the column.

ieee

Lepanthes destituta Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 17: 179, 1988.

Ety.: From the titutus, “lacking,” ref Iing to the illusion of f visibly absent petals.

Pant very small, epiphytic, pendent, “repent, the rhizome 2-2,5 mm long t ‘caul

Occasionally branching, each se ‘ti

ciliat. oa

zome. Ramicaul ong the rhi-

abbreviated, 0.5 mm ae enclosed by one lento can Leaf descen ending,

fhe nou Slabrous, broadly elliptical to suborbicular, obtuse, 3-3.5 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, 3-veined,

‘Mea mm long. Inflores rescence ei

flowered raceme, bome by a slender,

upcurved peduncle 5 mm long; floral bract ciliate, 0.5 mm ‘Jong;

pedicel 0.5 mm long; ovary 0.25 mm long; sepals light yellow, glabrous, more or less reflexed, widely

Spread, ovate, acute, riiaiee aap long, 0.8 mm wide, 3-veined, barely connate to the lateral

sepals, sepals 2 mm long, mm wide, 2-veined, free from each other mi Cc,

orbicular, 0.15 mm long and lip red, glabrous, s, broadly obovate, 1mm long, I mm wide expanded.

column, the apex = rounded, t the column; column |

mm long, the anther and stigma :

COLOMBIA: of

ta : Dept. of Norte de Santander: Munic. of

epiphytic in cloud forest rest, Alto de Santa Iné

alt. 2150 m, 13 May 1984 Cc. Luer, J. Luer, R.

Escobar & E. Valencia ia 10342 (Holotype: MO).

Amon & the species in this en x

destituta is the smallest known, a

ly it is endemic in the

> 4 Congested raceme of

light yellow flowers:

Widely spread and re-

Successive, tiny,

glabrous, acute, wi

less

ee vo er

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

]mm

Plate 6. Lepanthes destituta Luer & Escobar

16 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Lepanthes erepsis Luer & Hirtz, Die Orchidee 37: 215, 1986.

Ety.: From the Greek erepsis, “‘a roof,” referring to the broad, concave dorsal sepal.

Plant i i long, the

small, epiphytic, pendent, occasionally branching, the branches 30 cm or more

thizome slender, bs let between ramicauls, enclosed by 2 et a beni he

dilated osti roots branches. Rami -1.5 mm long,

similar rel “i's es ogi a elliptical, subacute to obtuse, 8-12 mm long

with a petiole 1 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, the base cuneate. Inflorescence a single flower, large for

plant, bome by an ascending peduncle 1 mm long: floral bract ciliate, 1 mm long; pedicel 1 mm ae

ovary shortly spiculate, 1 mm long: sepals translucent rosy tan striped in purple, the dorsal sepal gla-

brous, suborbicular, deeply concave, 11 mm long, 11 mm wide expanded, 9-veined, the lateral sepals

i i i shortly I ry connate int ly “eo?

3.25 mm wide, ivined, the acute apex shortly bifid: petals red-brown, 3-lobed, all 3 lobes amb.

triangular, acute, the middle lobe 4mm long, 0.5 mm wide, the upper basal lobe 1 mm long, the lower

basal lobe 0.5 mm long; lip red-brown glabrous, broadl ubcordate-reniform, surrounding the co

7 . ys : '

i in b: bilobed with a

Sor inn ath se bas nae e ea arin bendy oie with

and stigma apical,

This species, a close relative of the

variable L. pilosella, is known only from

southern Ecuador. Vegetatively, L. erep-

sis is indistinguishable from L. pilosel-

la. It is distinguished from the latter by

the nine veins in the large, striped, subor-

bicular, concave dorsal Sepal, one of the

largest known in the subgenus. Usually

Sven veins are present in the dorsal

of L. pilosella. The Most distinct features

of L. erepsis are the narrowly acute petals

with a pair of slender, acute basal lobes.

-epanthes hippocrepica Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 18: 54, 1991

es the i hi) cs ry =8 ee > i:

lpwnbtngne sen ee shaped like a horse shoe, referring to the appearance of the

Plant small, epiphytic, pendent, occasional] : |

izome slende: et y branching, the branches 30 cm or more long, the

one “ga a ‘ —_ ramicauls, enclosed by 2 long-ciliate, imbricating sheaths with

similar pT gs — the base of the branches, Ramicaul 1-1.5 mm long, enclosed by 1

rounded, 4 8 mm long with apenas > Sparsely ciliate, elliptical to orbicular, the apex obtuse to

. mm long, i 4

contracted into the petiole. long elomer ri: 3eined, the rounded

wide, connate 1 mm;

shortly unguicul > to obtuse, 1.5-2.25 mm long, 0.9-1.5 mm

: : Sete town ‘0 Tose, cordate-hippocrepiform, minutely pubes-

_ the basal lot ‘ly obtuse, erect, extending above

base connate to the base of th lu umn slender 1.5 mm long, the

Pen at ee pee

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 17

z, if AOL

Plate 7. Lepanthes erepsis Luer & Hirtz

18 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Antioquia: La Aldea, epiphy-

g0, alt. 2130

m, 10 May 1985, C. Luer, R. Escobar & E. Valencia

11343 (Holotype: MO); Concepcién, between Barbo-

sa and Concepcién, alt. 2200 m, flowered in -

tion at Colomborquideas, 17 Apr. 1988, C. Luer

13260 i : Pereira, El Manza-

no, alt. 2100 m, 7 Jan. 1991, A. DeWilde 3820 (MO).

ECTIANOR. dD. aft WL PM, SEL 1 ey

‘of Volcén Reventador, alt. 1850

8 Feb. , C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Embree, A. Hirtz

& W. Flores 11720 (MO). Prov. of Sucumbios:

El Carmelo and La B ita, alt. 2400 m, Aug.

1990, A. Hirtz, X. Hirtz, J. Del Hierro & F. Sarmien-

to 4972, 4973 (MO).

This species occurs in the Central /

Cordillera of Colombia and northeastern

Ecuador. The leaves of the plants from Ecuador are somewhat smaller than those of

plants from Colombia. Lepanthes hippocrepica is distinguished by glabrous leaves;

obtuse sepals; and proportionately large, minutely pubescent petals and lip. The

basal lobes of the horse shoe-shaped lip that surround the column are narrow and

stand erect, the apices held far above the column.

Lepanthes irrasa Luer & Escobar, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin irasus, “unshaven,” Teferring to the pubescent floral parts.

Plants resem, (2.12: = iter ciliatis, . epalis cae’ ‘ . } E petalis

pubescentibus microscopicis labello pube i“ —.

sionally bra r ~ &Piphytic, pendent, long-repent, the rhizome 2-2.5 mm long between ramicauls, occa-

od bi 8, each segment enclosed by 2 long-ciliate sheaths; roots slender, along the rhizome.

; pendent fara enclosed by 1 infundibular, long-ciliate lepanthiform sheath. Leaf

> . e, broadh ; elli . ‘

4-5 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, 3-veined the nae ee pesuborbicular, obtuse to rounded ee sin

; i & —— a a nee

many Poe ad, ie aera: followed by a second, bome by a slender, upcurved peduncle 3 mm

Ng . wan long; pedicel 2 mm long; ovary muricate, 1 mm long; sepals red, diffuse-

es rate ce he ise sad, ovate, subacute, the dorsal sepals lone 2.25 mm

Y connate to the lateral sepals, the é :

with Margins i

the column, the apex broadly rounded, the base

stigma apical.

la whic

by the osra leaves, and Pubescent

petals and lip, ip i i

oar with obtuse, taal oben ent

the column like a collar. It was found

rowing On small trees and intermixed

wii tituta and L. micropetala.

a Ma

« a rN ae

ee eee eed,

ss bait

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

eit Hr

REMI OSE

© Aes

Plate 8. Lepanthes hippocrepica Luer & Escobar

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

S)

:

ae

at!

apn

gir

Ale wet

ay a!

Vernet

Plate 9. Lepanthes irrasa Luer & Escobar

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM pA

Lepanthes lunaris Luer, bs nov.

crescent- pasiaieath in reference to the Sesoe

DI +. ei

Pp , foliis glabris, i E f rs pro-

funde connatis, P lis 1 ’ 1 lobis b lib hi F lect tibu:

_ Plant small, » piphytic, pendent, long-repent, the rhi ionall y branching, 4-5 mm long

, iculate th roots slender,

toward the base. Baaicasls sth viated, 1 mm long, enclosed fo a spare lepanthif orm sheath.

Leaf descending, co: mae lliptical, subacute, 5-7 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, 3- to = veined,

the base cuneate ‘dis a ete 1 mm long. Inflorescence a congested, successively 2- to 3-flowered

raceme, bome by a slender, upcurved peduncle 2-4 mm long; floral bracts glabrous, 1 mm ~~ oan

1.5-2 mm long; on 1-1.25 mm mete sepals yellow-brown, fleshy, the dorsal sepal br

ag shortly pubescent, 2 mm long, 1.8-2.2 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral i for ( 0. 73

the lateral sepals ovate, | cnet obtuse, cellular-glandular, 2-2.5 mm long, 1.2-2 mm wide, connate

08: mm, 2-veined; petals minutely pubescent, transversely hate, 0.5-0.8 mm long, 1.4-1.8 mm wide,

the lobes lightly incurved, es obtuse; lip glabrous, cones, i i i ag rounded, 1-1.6 mm lane ong,

1 2-1. Sn mm wide, the basal lol

o

th th, aA 1 eh +3 tral

‘o> — o*

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Putumayo: East Cordillera of

Sibundoy, alt. 2000 m, 18 Feb. 1881, ’ C. Lehmann

277 (Holotype: “ C. Luer illustr. 1

ECU. of Sucumbios: epi yi above La

Bonita, alt. 1990 m, 8 July 1990, C. Dodson, E.

Hagsater, D. ig & N. Rivera te (MO), C.

Luer illustr. 171

This species was first collected in 1881

by Consul Lehmann in southern Colombia

and deposited at Geneva. All his collec-

tions of this subgenus at Geneva had been

annotated — (Apodae-Prore-

pentes) by

The little, elliptical leaves are glabrous,

but the sheaths of the rhizome and rami-

cauls are long-spiculate. The flowers are produced in short, ascending racemes.

The broadly ovate, obtuse, microscopically pubescent sepals are deeply connate,

forming a flat flower. The crescent-shaped petals are also microscopically pubes-

cent. The lip is cordate-U-shaped with basal lobes encircling the column.

a, me Luer & Hirtz, Amer. Leta on Soc. Bull. 53: 1162, 1984,

the Latin Jupulus, “‘a little wolf,”

Plant small, epiphytic, pendent, long-repent, the rhizome 3-4 mm long between ramicauls, occa-

sionally branching, each segment enclosed by 2 sparsely pubescent sheaths with long- , dilated

ostia; roots slender, along thi ramet Ramicauls abbeovianed, 1 mm long, enclosed * a long- spiculate,

infundibuliform sheath. Leaf descending, coriaceous, shortly and one pubescent, broadly elliptical,

subacute to obtuse, 5-8 mm long, 3-4 mm wide, 3-veined, the base eee: as a on apes less than |

mm long. Inflorescence a i e flower, borne by a slender, ascending pedun 2.5 mm long, occa-

sionally followed by a second flower, floral bract cong wna lon g; pedicel 2 mm oes ovary 0.5 mm long;

sepals red to red-brown, microscopical pubesce: ly denticulate, the dorsal

a le elliptical, obtuse, 2.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, idan, barely connate to the lateral sepals, the later-

al sepals ovate, ro acute, 2 mm long, 1.5 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm, 2-veined; petals orbicular,

glabrous, 0.15 mm long and broad; lip oS to red-purple, microscopically pubescent, bilobed or

‘“V""-shaped, 1.6 mm long, 1.6 mm broad expanded, the ape x obtuse to rounded, the basal lobes erect

with more or less acute apices, — ees column, ae base connate to the base of the column;

column 1 mm long, the anther dorsal, the

5 cm

Plate 10. Lepanthes lunaris Luer

4

|

j

|

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

23

Plate 11. Lepanthes lupula Luer & Hirtz

4 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

LOTTA TAD. D. of Pichinch 1 th

e Chiriboga, alt. alt. 2100 m,

31 Mar. ree sp Luer, A. Hirtz, S. ena a.

Héijer & J. Kuijt 9817 (Holotype: same area,

alt. 1950 m, 31 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, y Hirtz, S.

Dalstrém, T. Héijer & J. Kuijt 9828 (MO).

This species, closely allied to the sym-

patric L. micropetala, is y endem-

ic on the western slopes of Mt. Pichincha

in northwestern Ecuador. Lepanthes lupula

is distinguished by pendent chains of

small, sparsely pubescent leaves,

and small conspicuously denticulate se-

pals. The petals are microscopic. The

acute lateral lobes of the horse shoe-

shaped lip stand erect to either side of the

column, Lepanthes lupula is also similar

to the Colombian L. catella, but the larger,

ovate petals of the latter distinguish it.

micropetala L. O. Williams., Bot. Mus. Leafl. 9: 4, 1940.

Ety.: From the Greek micropetalon, “a small petal,” referring to the microscopic petals.

Plant small, epiphytic, pendent, long-repent, the thizome 3-4 mm ated between ramicauls, occa-

ostia; inti headin Pai ith long-spiculate, di

fundibulif » along the rhizome. Ramicauls | abbreviated, | mm long, tacloond by a long-spiculate,

bi sheath. Leaf descending, coriaceous, minutely short -ciliate, b broadly ellipti cal to subor-

r - obtuse to rounded at the apex, 4-5 mm sa 4-5 mm wide, , 3-veined, the ce contracted into a

aes ee ebcA : mm long. Inflorescence bome by a slender, ascending peduncle 1-2

Sean lea aaa ity followed by flower, fl 11 ct 1 mm long; pedicel 2 mm long; ovary

le along the veins, glabrous (to microscop-

& & a *

1

ically cellular-pubescent), the margi

3.25 mm long, 2.5-2.75 mm mm wide, 3-veined, bare ee eh Wa 1 , a

oblique, obtuse, 2.5-3 mm long, “Perrraagan geet peg 2- to 3-veined; petals orbicular,

0.2 pie 0 3-veined; peta >

tm loos. 2225 mm wide Se glabrous (glandular-cellular ), subcordate to reniform, 2

io thecal 2

1.

"2 epombe ag inte

airmiaaaee

Pennell & E. P. Killip 733] ol

rss Ba of Antioquia ip 7331 (isoope

ected by E. Valencia,

m,

sues in parsiet at Colom! d

1985, Cc. soph: rah (MO). miborguidess, 11 May

ytic in Pasca, alt.

Feb. 1883, EC. €. ta (G). Dept. go

de Santa

: epiphytic in cloud forest, alto

Inés, alt. 2150 m, 13 May 1984 snarling R

Escobar & E.V, Valencia 10241, 1843 na aie

Santander: west of Vele Z, road ). en

. of Carchi: east of El

2050 m, 17 “May 1981, C. set

sae Gis tae ~ Luer, J. Luer & A. se

2400 m, Sept. 1984, A. Hirtz 1900 (MO). Prov. of

¢ angana above Vallado-

lid, alt. 2450 m, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J. Lue A

Hirtz & W. Flores 10946 (MO). ae

ee eee Re ee ae

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

Plate 12. Lepanthes micropetala L. O. Williams

26 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Vegetatively, L. micropetala is similar to other members of the subgenus, but

somewhat smaller in size. It is somewhat variable in its wide distribution in all

three cordilleras of Colombia and into southern Ecuador. It is distinguished by the

small, broadly elliptical to orbicular, minutely short-ciliate leaves; small flowers

with obtuse, noe-den ticulate, essen tially sel sepals; microscopic petals; and a

Po ee

VY

Lepanthes monilia Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 12, 1983.

Ety.: From the Latin monilia, “necklaces,” in allusion to the leafy, pendent habit.

Plant small, epiphytic, pendent, with branches up to 30 cm long, the rhizomes sl lender, 4-6 mm lon;

, enclosed by 2 long-ciliate, imbricating, lepanthiform acme roots slender, rs:

nodes near the base of the branches. Ramicauls | mm ong, cocraled by | ilar lepanthiform sheath.

n, coriaceous, ciliate I, saat to obtuse, 6: 9mm

pat 5-7 sides wide, 3-veined, the bs int le less th mm long. Inflorescence a

aay me ti an ascending peduncle 1

hon re near the apex of a ramicaul; floral bract ciliate, 1 mm long; pedicel 1.5-2 mm — ovary

glabrous, 1 mm long; sepals similar, red-brown, glabrous, ovate, subacute, 3 mm lon g, 2 mm wide, 3-

sania serchs for 0.5 mm, the lateral 3 slightly — satan spread; petals orange,

more or less suffused with purple, long-ciliate, transversely bilobed, 1 g, 2.5 mm wide, the lobes

subequal, triangular, obtuse; lip red, red, cla, subcordate, hae ae, 8 cs whlocayeah

ed, the basal lobes obt th j, the base connate to the base

of the column; coh 1 mm long, the anth "ee “

1985,C. ape reny Cio

This species is apparently endemic in

the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia. With

minutely ciliate leaves it is similar vegeta-

tively to many other Species of the subge-

nus. The inflorescence is a congested,

Successively-flowered raceme that ascends

above the leaf. The red-brown sepals are

Ovate, acute, glabrous, widely spread, and

the laterals are more or less reflexed. The

petals are transversely bilobed and long-

ciliate. The lip is shallowly subcordate

cla wid de taal eee

0

bes embracing the

eee Se

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 27

Plate 13. Lepanthes monilia Luer & Escobar

28 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

I th laria Rchb.f., Xenia Orchid. 1: 142, 1858.

“Bty.: From the Latin nummularius, “Tike small coins,” alludin ig to appearance of the habit.

Lepanthes polygonioides L. B. Smith & Harris, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 2: 33, 1934.

Bay: From to Greek polygonioides, “ikea species of the Polygonaceae, the buckwheat family,”

L til 4 ot:

i 4:15, 84, 1969.

Sy: panes epinae Guy, Ones Cop toes

v

Plant medium in size to large for the subgenus, epiphytic, preston, kare -fepent, the inane

cent sheaths; roots slender, along the rhizome. Ramicauls abbreviated, up to to 1 mm long, enclosed by 1

comaceous. glabrou

subacute to obtuse, 3-12mm long, 5-11 mm wide, S-to'7-veined, the base contracted into a petiole less

than | mm long ong,

bennett Adee peduncle 1-2 mm long; floral bract 0.75 mm long; pedicel up to 1

ig; very ye ellow, yellow-orange, brown, red to purple;

ls micr ly put » the dorsal : i3 ovate, obtuse, ee

1.5-2.3 mm wide, 3-veined, b ly tiotha lt A eS ee

apex into an ovate, obtuse, bifid synsepal, 1.7-2.5 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide, 2-veined; petals miisenly

transversely bilobed, 0.5 mm long, 1.5-2mm wide, ce ee subacute,

small under the col ibescent, trans-

Sealy ome easier. 0.5-1 mm long, 05- Imm wide expanded, on atime apex variously

oo .) SHERI 5 = eer> ies , th p ,0.75-1.5 mm

pa orp yi eum ups gad

ECUADOR: Prov. of Pichincha: without locality.

the 1

El Carmelo, 17 May

1981, C Lar Laer & A Hirtz 6299 (SEL). Prov.

of Morona-Santiago: above Plan de

alt. 2000 m, 19 May 1985, B. Stein bie (MO).

Prov. of : Rio Zufia A. Hirtz et

al. 4843 (MO). Prov. of

Y

” a bk

Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & A. thas ug (SEL);

a i ee 13 May 1985, C1 Luer 11363

is epiphytic ei forest

above San Andres, Tiere 4 4 Dentro, 8 m, 27

Feb, 1883, F.C. Lehmann 2693 a "Dep of i,

tander: El Taladro, alt. 2400 m

Valencia Dec. 1984 4, flowered i in i odite vation at

Colomborquideas, 1] May 1985, C. Luer 1133]

ring Amazonas: Bagua, east of La P epiphytic on tt Sage 2

1700 m, 29 June 1978, P. Barbour 25764 (MO), y P tree, alt.

:

j

.

ace | ak aa ae ad Se RN a a a A re tT | Me tye a> ee ed ET aN Peers ee

ae ae Ne ee ee ee a ey ee ee EE

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 29

This species, the first in the subgenus to be collected and described, is also one

of the most frequently found in its wide distribution from the Central Cordillera of

Colombia into southern Ecuador. Vegetatively it is variable. All leaves examined

have been glabrous, but they vary considerably in size. Some populations with

small, elliptical leaves five millimeters long and three millimeters wide contrast

with others with orbicular leaves 12 millimeters long and 11 millimeters wide.

Sometimes the leaves overlap in their pendent c

The inflorescence is a congested, successively flowered raceme of up to eight,

tiny flowers that lies on top of the leaf. The dorsal sepal is broadly ovate and ob-

tuse. The laterals are connate into a similar but bifid lamina. The petals are bilobed

with the lower lobe larger. The tiny lip is completely hidden beneath the propor-

tionately large column. The lip is ovoid and thick, very much resembling the lip of

a Stelis. The center of the disc is filled with a variable, transverse callus. The apex

is variably contracted into a broad or narrow apiculum which is rarely clavate. No

two lips from different collections are exactly the same. The same is true with the

column. In some specimens the column is thick, terete and more or less clavate. In

other collections the column is more or less flattened and dilated near the middle.

capers ae Garay, Canad. J. Bot. 34: 252, 1956.

ty.: From the Latin pendens, “pendent,” in reference to the habit.

Plant small, epiphytic, pendent, 50 cm long or longe lender, 3-4

mm long between ramicauls, enclosed - 2 or tn imbricatin; eq ib rye sheaths; roots slender,

from nodes near the base of the branches. Ramicauls 1-1.5 mm a concealed by 1 similar, ee

form sheath. Leaf pendent in the natural position, coriaceous, glabrous, elliptical, a 8-10 mm long,

-6 mm wide, 3-veined, the base rounded, — intoa vase less than : mm long. Inflorescen

successively few-flowered raceme, bore by an ascendin peduncle 1.5 mm long fom near the apex of a

ramicaul; floral bract 0.75 mm long: pedicel 1. 3 mm long; ovary lightly verrucose, 1 mm long; sepals

similar, widely meal dark red-purple, minutely pubescent, ovate, subacute, the dorsal sepal 3 ais long,

1.75 mm wide, 3-veined, connate to the lateral sepals for 0.5 mm, the lateral sepals slightly oblique, 2.75

free f Is dark

€ h other, peta purple, glabrous, transversely bi-

, 0.25 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, th the lobes equal, ellipti a lip dark purple, glabrous, transversely

olliptical, 1.25 mm long, 1.66 mm wide expanded, the obtuse 4 sides cpr: the column,

broadly rounded, t 1.3 mm long, the anther and the

stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Cundinamarca: Cordillera

Oriental south of Bogotd, Alto de Tunque, east of -

Gutiérrez, temperate forest, alt. 2515 m, 31 July i

1944 > > i:

Dept. of —_. re in wet forest between

Arcabuco and Moni ai 2500 m, 25 Apr. 1982,

C. Luer, - Luer, R. Escobar & D. Portillo 7553

(SEL). — pee a ete of Velez, road to

Lan 400 m, 5 May 1984, C. Luer, J. Luer,

R. Escobar ; "1 Valencia 10107 (MO)

This species is apparently endemic in

the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia, where

it was first collected by M. T. Dawe in

1916. Vegetatively, it is similar to many

other species of the subgenus, but the

pendent chains of glabrous leaves often

orm great entangled masses up to a meter

30 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 14. Lepanthes nummularia Reh.

31

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

Plate 15. Lepanthes nummularia Rchb.f.

Ve ee ee

hee eae on Pot aidit SL e Stle M e eeT Sok,

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

ae ae ene Mage eee Te

rk ca aN a ,

is a ee

Set ite

peat is Se x lee 2 by

Plate 16. Lepanthes pendens Garay

Se ee ee

I fat Sen Bad Dae he ae aS nes tenn fia eer re he ten eres tee Rae eae tn a erm he at ce Oe ee a eS ee ee

So Pag Fd kate co yO SO oe eee a ee

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 33

long. The flowers are borne in short, successively-flowered racemes; the dark red-

purple, minutely pubescent, ovate sepals are widely spread; the petals are small and

transverse; and the sides of the transverse lip encircle the column.

Lepaniies pholeter Luer, sp. n

Ety. the Greek pholeter, ‘a comcoaiee in allusion to the petals, lip and column deep

wi P

T P bg 4s Brachycladii Luer. foliis slabris i lis t

cs | oo "fk i i

Anak sllindicn acnin lis ad ani j ] fund tis. petalis parvissimis

. = 1 -

i rt 7 r &

tt hte Bas -£. ii hd te: A asets st

re r t

£, L . a 2

slender, 4-5 mm n long between ramicauls, cg ee by Zz oe imbricating pis ea rm sheaths;

roots slender, from nodes near the base. Ramicauls 1 mm long, concealed by | ciliate, lepanthiform

heath. Leaf prostrate, coriaceous, glabrous, broadly elliptical, obtuse to rounded at the apex, 8-10 mm

long, 6-8 mm wide, the base contracted into a petiole ca. 1 mm long. Inflorescence a fascicle ol succes-

sive flowers borne by peduncles ca. 1 mm long from near the apex of a ramicaul; floral bract ract spiculate,

1-1.5 mm long; pedicel 1.5-2 mm long; ovary 0.75 m

ish orange, membranous, the dorsal sepal suberect, broadly stipes or, obtusely acuminate, 2.5 mm

long, 1.75 mm wide, connate to the late sepals nearly 1

a deeply synsepal, 2 mm long, 3 mr nde: d; petals narrowly linear-tri-

angular, acute, SS ee se omer lip horse Pat Pp with the apex broadly rounded, the basal

lobes obtuse, encircling the column, de Seng Roem septa 1 mm wide, the

disc with an obscure, central, circular thick to the base of the column; column |

mm long, with y d stigma apical

PERU: Dept. of pena og: east of La a

epiphytic on the top branches of a canopy tree, al

1700 m, 29 June 1978, P. oie 2576 pone

MO; Isotype: SEL), C. Luer illustr. 8701.

This species, indistinguishable from

many of the other medium-sized members

of the subgenus with glabrous leaves, was

collected in the top branches of a canopy-

tree about 26 meters high. Under this

collection number at MO at least two

species are included. One is L. pholeter

described here, another is L. nummularia,

and I suspect that still another species is

present, but unfortunately no flowers are

present. This last species is distinguished

by peduncles up to 8 mm long and pedi-

cels up to 4 mm long

Lepanthes pholeter is distinguished

from all others in the subgenus by the

deeply concave synsepal, similar to that of

Stelis section Humboldtia; tiny, linear

petals; and a horse shoe-shaped lip sur-

rounding the column.

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

2mm

Plate 17, Lepanthes pholeter Luer

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 35

Lepanthes pilosella Rchb.f, Flora 69: a 1886.

Ety.: From the Latin pilosella, “‘a little hairy ” in reference to the pubescent leaves.

Syn.: Lepanthes dasyphylla Rchbf., Flora 69: 55, #74, 1886.

Ety.: From the Greek dasyphyllon. “‘a shaggy leaf,” in reference to the pubescent leaves.

Syn.: Lepanthes peperomioides Schitr., Repert. Spee Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 7: 97, 1920.

Ety.: Named for a similarity to the genus Peperomia

Syn.: Lepanthes saccosepala L. B. Smith & Harris, Bot. Mus. — =. 35, 1934.

Ety.: From the Latin enieeichigiss “a saccate sepal,”’ referring to cave dorsal

Syn.: L ] Garay, Canad. J. Bot. 34: 251, -

£

Plant small to large for the subgenus, epiphytic, pendent, with branches up to 50 cm long or longer,

the thizomes s lender, 2. 5-5 mm mm long between ramicauls, enclosed by 2 ciliate, imbricating, lepanthiform

th f the branches. Ramicauls 1-2 mm long, concealed by

1 duiilas lepanthiform on shoals. iti coriaceous, den: sely villous to spar-

sely gar or sometimes slbron, oer subacute to obtuse, 8-15 mm long, 5-7 mm wide, 3- to

5-vei tiole less than 1 mm long. ce a congested, successive-

ly Seg ete raceme, bome b: an ascending peduncle 1-2 mm long from near apex of a ramicaul;

floral bract ciliate, 1-2 _ m long: pedicel 1-2 mm long; re lightly verrucose to spic culate, 0.5-1 mm

rless, prominently striped in purple along the

veins, ;, orbicular, a concave, 5 mm long and 5 mm id, to7 mm long and 7 mm wide, 7-veined,

connate to the lateral sepals for 0.25-0. ion mm, the lateral 7 connate into an ovate, bifid lamina, 4-6

mm long, 2.5-4.5 mm wide, 4-veined, with th etals white to yellow, more or less suf-

fused vith purple, glabrous, narrowly tri angular t to eeeeei tae, acute, 1.25-1.75 mm long, 0.5 mm

wide; lip ae yellow to — son Aor transversely subquadrate to subcordate, 1.25-1.5 mm long,

1.5 mm wide ded. the apex broadly rounded to subtruncate, with the basal angles obtuse, with

the sides asdictias the eo aa the base connate to Se tak of the column; column 1 mm long, the

anther and the stigma apical.

COLOMBIA: Without collection data, F.C. Leh

mann 3217 (Holotype: W); without collection data,

F. C. Lehmann 3368 (W, ty YPe ¢ 7 L. aes /

“Cauca,” alt. 2000 m, M. Madero s.n. (2B, i

flowered in cultivation at Colomborquideas, 18 Mar.

1989, C. Luer 14234 (MO); Dept. of Cauca: epiphy-

Bing Zen a ene - rt lones of the

r ele are ana aS |

Farallones of ee alt. 2000 m, 15 Oct. 1882, F.C.

Lehmann 1992 (G). Dept. of ee epi apy

tic in shady, moist forest above Pasca, alt. 2300

Feb. 1883, F.C. Lehmann 2530 ae Cordillera

Mar. 1984, Linda Albert de Escobar, J. Santa, B.

Madrigal & J. Roldén 4188 (HUA, MO).

ECUADOR: Prov. of Carchi: Valle de Maldonado,

alt. 2100-2200 m, 20 May 1973, eure et al.

6072, 6073 (AAU); same area, alt. 2050-2400 m, 2

Apr. 1984, C. Luer, S. Dalstrém & ‘ioe 9941,

946 (MO); same area, alt. 1600-2300 m, 17 Mar.

1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, J. del Hierro, A. & X. Hirtz

a ene NN ae eae ES ee eee eee ele Ne

¢

BS

36 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

15100, 15133, 15160 (MO). Prov. of Imbabura: west of Otavalo, alt. 1900 m, 1 May 1981, C. Luer, J.

Luer & A. Hirtz 6076 (SEL and Buenos Aires, alt. 1950 m, 17 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J.

Luer, A. Hirtz & C. H. Dodson 12346 (MO). Prov. of Pichincha: in moss, forests on west flank of

Pichincha, alt. 7000-8000 ft., W. Jameson s.n. (GH, type of L. saccosepala); old road between Quito and

Santo Domingo, below Chiriboga, alt. 1950 m, 28 May 1988, C. Luer & A. Hirtz 13708 (MO); new road

between Quito and Santo Domingo, above Tandapi, alt. 2100 m, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & X. Hirtz

11022 (MO), between Calacali and La Liberia, alt. 2100 m, 7 Apr. 1984, C. Luer, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrém

& T. Héijer 10009 (MO).

BOLIVIA: Dept. of Santa Cruz: cloud forest near Siberia, alt. 2500 m, 1 Dec. 1978, C. Luer et al. 3590

(SEL); Caballero, north of Comarapa, alt. 2380 m, 2 Nov. 1990, R. Vasquez, D. Ric & A. Burela 1278

(MO), C. Luer illustr. 15532.

This species, the most common and most widely distributed member of the

subgenus, is variable in its distribution through all three cordilleras of Colombia,

through Ecuador and into Bolivia. Although no collections have been seen from

Peru yet, it undoubtedly occurs there.

Vegetatively, this species is usually robust, but small, weak plants occur. The

vegetative parts are usually covered by a dense, villous pubescence, but the leaves

of some populati only sparsely short-pubescent, and occasionally the leaves

are glabrous. A population of the latter from the Eastern Cordillera was described

as L. palmaritoénsis, and another exists in Bolivia.

~ Conspicuous flowers are borne in short, erect racemes. The dorsal sepal is

orbicular, considerably larger than the synsepal, deeply concave, and prominently

striped in purple along the seven veins. The petals are very small, varying in shape

moe triangular ed linear, and from a half millimeter long to two millimeters long.

ee be of the lip is not the same in any two populations. The broad sides encir-

a leaving the rostellum and stigma more or less exposed.

dean semi sympatric taxa include L. erepsis from southern Ecuador

ear a mated a ger, 9-veined dorsal sepal petals trifid at the base; L. ursula

erably lnreex ee of Colombia distinguished by larger leaves, and consid-

eal nat are densely pubescent externally; and L. villosa from

" distinguished by longer, pubescent petals.

nn]

Tay Pe ce Ecahar,sp,noy,

; “a flat sepal,” in reference to the pubescent leaves.

Species haec L. pi :

pilosellae Rchbf. affinis sed sepalo dorsali erecto ob bol 1

inneve

Plant small to lar otis

he thintnees Fy om ebgenus, epiphytic, pendent, with branches up to 50 cm long or longer,

sheaths; oo eee ong between ramicauls, by 2 ciliate, imbricating, lepanthiform

similar, lepanthif, ° of the branches. Ramicauls 1-2 mm long, concealed by

subacute to obtuse, 6-9 mr Inag_ suf Pendent in the natural postion, coriaceous pubescent, eliptical

mm long. Inflorescence nm long, 4-5 mm wide, 3-veined the b ivarted takes a ceeticke leas that

~hi mm long f Congested, Successively few-flowered raceme, bome by an ascending pedun-

; Ovary li hi ; floral bract ciliate, 1- ; pedicel 1-2 mm

Orange, sia ecco it] - — spiculate, 0.5-1 mm long; sepals aa oe me erect,

concave, 6-8 mm long, 5 mm wide, 5 eee brown EN broadly obovate, obtuse, shallowly

al sepals connate into lateral i

a sepals for 0.25-0.5 mm, the later:

ut; petals wht Dow, ant asta, 4-5 mm long, 3.75-4.5 mm wide, 4-veined, with the apices

2 mum long, 0.25-0.5 mm wide le, , triangular to linear-oblong,

subcord. ide lip whi purp:

= 25 m ‘a white, yellow purp!

the basal ee tong, 1.5 mm wide expanded, vith th le, gateoms, a 8 " ss aS —

rate

al angles rounded, with the sides 2 e apex broadly

Stamm; column 1.5 mm long, the anther aca eke, © column, the base connate to the base of the

37

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

Plate 18. Lepanthes pilosella Rchb.f.

38 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

escent _ of Antioquia: hoegy ee in

anto Domingo, alt. 1920 m,

ry May 1985, 1985, C1 Luer, R. Escobar & E. ‘mr

11354 (Holotype: MO); La Aldea west of Santo

Domingo, alt. 2130 m, 10 May 1985, C. Luer, R.

Escobar & E. Valencia 11323 (MO); northeast of

Rosa the Miraflores Dam, alt. 2050 m,

15 May 1985, C. Luer, R. Escobar & E. Valencia

11370 (MO), Concepcién, between Barbosa and

, alt. 2380 m, 10 Apr. 1988, C. Luer, J.

Luer & R. Escobar 13175B (MO); Urrao, Pabén, Las

2400 m, collected by E. Valencia, flow-

in cultivation at Colomborquideas, 11 May

5, C. Luer 11333 (MO).

Closely related to the widely distribut-

ed L. pilosella, this species is frequent in

the department of Antioquia, Colombia. It

is indistinguishable from L. pilosella

vegetatively, but L. platysepala is readily

recognized by the usually spotted, erect,

obovate dorsal sepal that is only shallowly

Concave or sometimes nearly flat. Usually —

five veins are present, but often there is a

vestigial pair of veins between well-

veins, so that five or seven veins can occur intermixed. Instead of being

held within a deeply concave, striped dorsal sepal as in L. pilosella, the petals, lip

and column are more or less exposed. The petals, lip and column of the two taxa

are are indistinguishable, As with hL. pilosella, the shape of the lip is inconstant. This

d be aphical form of L. pilosella, but the very different

appearance of the widely spread flower with the i t, more or less saticth obo-

vate, dorsal sepal is distinct. In Native Colombian Orchids volume 2, two photo-

graphs of this species are identified as I. pilosella and L. peperomioides,

Lepanthes pseudocaulescens

Bty.: From the Greek pseudo-, “se: st & Hamris, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 2: 33, 1934.

ence to some unknown aspect <a ns, ““becoming ike” in refer-

small, epiphytic. pendent. with branch An

son ing tae nS the rhizomes slender, 3-4

slender, from nodes near the base of the enclosed by 2 spancly pubescent, imsoatne g, lepanthiform

the branches. Ramicaul sheaths; roots

lepanthiform sheath. Leaf pendent in Ramicauls up to 1 mm lone, eer) aes

ly elliptical, obese, 3-6 mm long, 3-5 min wide Position, coriaceous, ciliate, sparsely pubescent, broad

a single flower bome t : P

1 ial by a second flower, floral ciliate ,

peepee be ce 3d ma eng nba similar, similar, widely spread iatieeaiow ng pe 5

eee ee ate emt oe

39

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

A oMLE oS.

ar ee t Aen

wv toe by FR Bee:

Ca ae de ee . oy

att ee F Foe > Sey

’ te Ra ak a

irae eran

REESE EIN aes ie.

2 bia! Yo ’ sv

on re ‘

. +4,

Si ay

‘Su,

ra :

My 2

zy .

why

Me,

’ iy \ an,

Se

Pay a 8

Ye itapesias

ence.

VL ict oN %

Ve Hees Woe

STP eat

Plate 19. Lepanthes platysepala Luer & Escobar

40 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Cauca: highlands of

alt. 1400-1800 m, July 1901, F.C. poids gen

GH; Isotypes: AMES, G). Dept. of Nari-

fio; epiphytic in forest above Ricaurte, alt. 1600 m, 3

979, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & K. Walter

4516, 4575 (SEL). cg fg fone del Cauca: La

19 Sept. i a el

: Prov. of Napo: ytic in in forest on the

slopes of Volcin Reventador, alt. 1850 m, 8

Feb. 1986, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A.

Embree 11715 (MO).

This species from southern Colombia

and northern Ecuador is another of the c yi

numerous, nineteenth century collections | /*,/ we

of Lehmann. It is similar vegetatively to f

many of the other species of the subgenus, £

but it is distinguished by the ovate, acute \ ;

sepals; transversely bilobed petals with the a eg

lobes long-ciliate and narrowly triangular; - 3

lobes and the engulf the column. The illus-

tration published with the original woe is misleading with the lip drawn

expanded.

igo ry a Fem, wv. nov.

Named in honor of Darwin Ric Montero, Bolivia, co-discoverer of this species.

Planta na ee ht

» Yas inflorescen-

amir sep vatis subacutie netal; Mite ner ag i Baa ae rdato

1 ¥.

‘+ 1 lahell,

>

eae ~~

i us,

Phat at small, epiphytic, pendent, » long-repent, the thizome 3-5 mm long b between tamicanls, occa-

roots slender,

slong tho thisome. Ramicauls abbreviated, 1 mm long, rye long-spiculate, lepanthiform sheath.

: Leaf descending, coriaceous, . y a

\tebercmes ims nakina es gees, 5-7 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, 3- to 5

minntely Kaul, | mm wie lp clus lta

the basal bracing “pubescent, cordate, 2 mm long, 1.8 mm wide, the apex

oaieg Mcekeaee Srna apieatnm te base connate to the base of the column; column |

natet Gane Santa Cruz: Prov. of Caballero,

V, << alt. 2380 m, 2 Nov. 1990, R.

dsquez, D. Ric & A. Burela 1277 MO:

ype: herb. Vésquezianum), C. Luer illustr. 15533,

In general habit this species is sim;

Species

to most of the others of the 1s similar

saylcitesie ge: subgenus. It is

distin guished by thes

leaves; long mall, glabrous

c

Sires posroe of the

Ovate, subacute

Sepals; narrowly elon te,

petal ania ga —

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

41

3

4

:

;

Plate 20. Lepanthes pseudocaulescens L. B. Smith & Harris

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

42

Plate 21. Lepanthes ricii Luer & Vasquez

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 43

Lepanthes stalactites Luer & Hirtz, Lindleyana 2: 105, 1987.

Ety.: From the Greek stalaktos (Latin stalactites), “a stalactite,” in reference to the dangling habit

of the plant.

Plant coarse, large for the subgenus, epiphytic, pendent, up to Te, long, the rhizome stout, 3-5

mm long between ramicauls, enclosed by 2 loose sheaths, roots coarse at the base. Ramicauls stout 2

mm long, enclosed by 2 glabrous, sn sheaths. Leaves ite overlapping, thickly coria-

ceous, elliptical, subacute, 9-16 mm ong, 7- ‘ll mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole | lmm 1 long.

Inflorescence a congested, successively few 3 mm long,

mm long, bome on sca of the leaf; floral zon peate edn mm err ee 2 mm long; ovary 1.5 mm

long; sepals pra erage scent, the dorsal sepal red oward the base, obovate, obtuse,

2.5 mm long, 2 mm wide, fi tt d-brown, elliptical, obtuse, 2.3

mm long, 1.2 mm wide Pbmees —— 1 mm; petal dark ck pole transversely bilobed, shortly

aii t, 0.5 mm lon ag, 1.6 mm ghtly

longer, oblong, ot 1 th gin, obtuse; ap Pp ance bilaminate, the blades short

ly pubescent, ovoid, 0. 8 mm long, held to either side of the col b ctives, the

connate to the base of the column, the sinus occupied by a comparatively large, triangular, concave

appendix; column thick, 1.2 mm long, 1 mm broad at at the apex, the anther dorsal, the stigma v

ECUADOR: Prov. of a epiphytic in cold, cloud

forest above Jimbura, alt. 3000 m, 21 March 1984,

Luer, “= Dalstrém, T. Haier & J. Kuijt 9657 (Holo-

type: MO); same area, 21 Feb. 1 1986, alt. 2900 m, C

Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz, W. Flores & A. Embree 11991

O). Prov. of Azuay: Km 69 Cuenca-Loja, alt.

m, 30 Nov. 1984, C. H. Dodson & B. Malo pr

(MO).

PERU: Dept. of Piura: Ayabaca, along trail to

Laguna Prieta, alt. 3150 m, 16 Mar. 1993, D. Bennett

5844 (MO).

Vegetatively this species is probably

the largest and the coarsest of all the

species in the subgenus. Long, pendent

cylinders of the fleshy, overlapping leaves

dangle in masses or individually from the

undersurfaces of large, mossy, horizontal

tree trunks in the cold, mountain forests

above Jimbura near the Peruvian border.

It is locally abundant, some large branch-

es supporting dozens of the dangling,

stalactite-like plants. The flowers are

small but numerous. Similar to subgenus

Lepanthes, the petals are transversely

bilobed, and the lip is bilaminate

—— triangularis Luer, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin triangularis, “triangular,” referring to the shape of the flower.

a tele ll

Inter species subgeneris Brachycladii Luer, foliis glabris, ra racemis suberectis an sepalis

’ A - Pas i hal bis g

aad . . .

or scat 1 pee —

=)

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 22. Lepanthes Stalagtites Luer & Hirtz

” ah ies ee

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM 45

Plate 23. Lepanthes triangularis Luer

46 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plant in size for the sub epiphytic, pendent, up to 40 cm long or longer, the rhizome

slender, 4-5 nl icauls, , enclosed by 2 long-spiculate, imbricating, lepanthiform

sheaths; roots slender, f internodes and Ramicauls 1 mm long, concealed by 1 long-

ciliate, lepanthiform sheath. Leaf pendent, "icky coriaceous, glabrous, broadly re ge obtuse to

Guiasod ais wed: #-11 nnd ene 8 7 sen mm long.

from

@ congested raceme of 3 i fore? moe tony aac 2m eg

long, glabrous: fl I y dark red; pesca fleshy, the dorsal sepal

u aeosiry thickened margins, 1.75 mm long, 1.25 mm wide, connate to the

lateral niet for 02 Os ei gene tal sepals diverging, similar to the dorsal sepal; petals transversely

bilobed, glabrous, 0.5 mm mm long, 1.8 mm wide the hans $ subequal, obliquely triangular, narrowly obtuse,

Sie True ig .

lobes obtuse, erect, embracing the ce nein, ga i, 1.25

mm wide expanded, the disc featureless, 3-vei

0.5 mm long, with th

COLOMBIA: Nis RO ro ad

Santa

Buena,

m, Jan rae 1959, H. G. Barclay & P. P.

Juajibioy 6809 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr.

17011.

_ This — is known only from the

aterial that was collected

on the Sierra Nevata de Santa Marta.

Vegetatively it is indistinguishable from

any of the other medium-sized, pendent

members of the subgenus with glabrous

leaves. The inflorescences are produced

copiously, each ramicaul bearing a con-

gested raceme of up to eight tiny, dark red

flowers. The sepals are triangular, acute,

equally diverging, and with well-defined, :

thickened margins. The petals are glabrous and transversely bilobed. The = is

more or less cordate with a rounded apex and basal lobes that flank the column

Lepanthes ursula Luer & Escobar, Sp. Nov.

Ety.: From the Latin ursula, “a cub beat,” in allusion othe large “wooly” leaves and dorsal sepal

centibne enn e Lepanthdispilosellae Rehbs. affinis. sed foljjc fact

“1. o leg +,

= i .

Plant large for the subgenus c,

rhizomes slender, 3-4 mm long ace ona — ea Ait ” ioe = 7 se 8 =

in don an "ae ite ets Ra

. ‘om . the eae é

acute to subacute, 12-20 mm long, 4-6 mm wide, Sra Pi comm ge

Pe Pit cer earth ape ofc ramos hare bome by an ding pedun

mm long; ovary shortly ciliate, 1 mm long: ract ciliate, 0.5-1 mum long: pedic 0-5 1

yellow, veined i

purple, with a broad band ici ight

m -

ular, obtuse, 9mm long. Tamm tran fe pare bebe a , broadly obovate to orbic-

s, ellipti

*panded, with obtuse basal angles, the sides encir-

x broadly obtuse, the base © connate to the base of the column: columa 2 min

47

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

3 mm

Plate 24. Lepanthes ursula Luer & Escobar

48 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Boyaca: epiphytic in scrub

forest between Duitama and Virolin, alt. 2600 m, 1

June 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer, R. Escobar & D. Portillo

8034 (Holotype: SEL).

This species is known from only one

collection in the Eastern Cordillera of

Colombia where it was found growing

with two other species of the subgenus: L.

dactyla and L. monilia. Related to L.

pilosella, L. ursula is also distinguished by

villous leaves, and they are the largest

known in the subgenus. The flowers are

also large, and long-pubescent externally.

f

mae h

My

A purple band is present above

the base of the orbicular, deeply concave, seven-veined dorsal sepal. The petals are

two millimeters long, but sometimes petals this large are also seen in L. pilosella.

Although a little larger, the lip is not significantly different.

Lepanthes villosa Lojtnant, Bot. Notiser. 130, 1977.

Ety.: From the Latin villosus, “villous,” referring to the long-pubescent petals.

_ Plant fee oo veces occasionally branching, the branches 30 cm or more long, the

dilated cat: long b ; ee ramicauls, enclosed by 2 long-ciliate, imbricating sheaths with

ig Ramicaul 1 mm long, enclosed by 1 similar sheath.

5 scot, eng pubescent, elliptical, subacute, 7-10 mm long with a petiole less than 1

= Rees “Tm wide, the base ere : Sas ial a single flower, bome Sie an ascending pedun-

t mm lone: nedicel Ss omm

ci glabrous, read + 1. aati | as 1 exlcend, cians. mm long; sepals trans-

suborbicular, le along the veins,

anni, deeply concave, 6.5 mm ee 6 mm wide expanded, 7-veined, the lateral sepals spotted

minutely bifid; cieisnie tae ly ovate lamina 6.5 mm mm long, 2.5 mm wide, otayr the acute apex

wh ogee glabrous, transversely oblong, with the sides ering te: column, 1 mm long, 2.5 mm

of the with a short :. es to the

column; column “gn ey a stigma apical.

ECUADOR: Prov. of hipteelge Valle de Maldonado.

montane forest between , alt.

2400 m, 20 May 1973, Holm- rare Jeppersen

t & Jllgaard 6151 (Holotype: AAU); bet.

ween T Maldonado, alt. 2500 m, 25 Aug.

1978, C. Luer, J. Luer & A. Hirtz 3382 (SEL); same

Alegre, alt. 1400

Hirtz 4251 (MO), m, May 1989, A. Hirtz & X.

Prien ig : known from the w

slopes of the

ciiees Bes a of sorter

sin it is inseparable from L. pilosella. fea aed &

in L. Se riper noe are present in the large, suborbicular dorsal sepal.

se oblong with hiveitaceee a sig lintel

encircling the column as in L. pilosella.

49

SYSTEMATICS OF BRACHYCLADIUM

5 cm

m

es ee

t Clef

3

Plate 25. Lepanthes villosa Lojmant

50 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

DrESSLER, R. L., 1981. The orchids: natural history and classification. Harvard University Press, Cam-

idge, MA.

------------------ 1993, Phylogeny and classification of th hid family. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.

Escosar, R., 1991. Native Colombian Orchids, vol. 2. Editorial Colina, Compaiiia Litographica Nacion-

al S. A., in, 233.

Luer, C. A., 1986. Icones Pleurothallidinarum I. Systematics of the Pleurothallidinae. Monogr. Syst.

Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 29-34.

REICHENBACH, H. G., 1856. Lepanthes Sw. Xenia Orchidaceae 1: 140-158.

Smits, L. B. & S. K. Harris, 1934, Bot. Mus. Leafl. 2: 33-36.

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

I thank Rodrigo Escobar and Alexander Hirtz for their indispensable help in

obtaining specimens for study from Colombia and Ecuador respectively, and

Colomborquideas for making available their extensive collection of cultivated

species of subgenus Brachycladium.

INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES

: Lepanthes nummulari 1,2, 3,4. 5,3, 28.

subgen. Brachycladium 1, 2,3, 4, 5,33 Plates 14., 15., 33 ,

subgen. Lepanthes 2,3 ospinae 5,28

piesa 3,4 oe

psi jilamellatae > O64 pendens 4,5, 8, 29, Plate 16.

sect. Canlescentes 2 i Peperomi 1,5,35 , 38

sect. Macrocladae | pholeter 1, 4, 5, 33, Plate 17.

Lepanthes 5 6 Plate pilosella 1, 35,6, 8,11, 16, 35, Plate 18.,

catella 4,5,6, Plate?’ Tog lina neg

ciliesis 145 platysepala 1,5, 11,36, Plate 19., 38

dactyla 4, 5,11, Plate 5,, 48 pseudocaulescens 1, 4, 5, 38, Plate 20.

dasyphylla 1,5,35 ricii 1, 4, 5, 40, Plate 21.

destituta 4,5, 14, Plate 6., 18 pole eg B ”.

* 5, 16, 36 x a . > + ?

ca 4,5, 16, Plate 8,. ’ tmangularis 1, 23

imasa 1,4,5,18 Pleo ursula 1, 5, 36, 46, Plate 24., 48

l, 4, 5, 21, 10 villosa 5, 36, #

p l 4,5, 11, 21, Plate 11

micropetala 4, 5,11, 18,24. Plate 12., 26 Sian Apodae-Prorepentes 21

SYSTEMATICS OF THE SUBGENUS AENIGMA

OF PLEUROTHALLIS (ORCHIDACEAE)

ABSTRACT

species is given. Eac

d > 2, e a: 1.

rawin

Subgenus Aenigma Luer of Pleurothallis R. Br. is described. A key to the

. a ee - a: | ee | I:n Poe | =e Rien a hit.

Pp white

ws 1,

r

Pleurothallis dalstroemii Luer, sp. nov.

Pleurothallis hystricosa Luer, sp. nov.

Pleurothallis pogonion Luer, sp. nov.

This subgenus was first recognized in Systematics of Pleurothallis, volume 3 of

Icones Pleurothallidinarum in 1986. As the name Aenigma implies, the relation-

ship of these species among the Pleurothallidinae is puzzling. Collections of these

species had been made by several collectors during the past century, but none had

been described before Pleurothallis vestigipetala in 1977. The earliest recorded

collection of a species of the subgenus is P. vestigipetala made by F. C. Lehmann in

Colombia in February 1892, although an undated collection of P. schizopogon by

Hiibsch in Ecuador was probably earlier. Lehmann had also made a collection of P.

trimytera in Colombia in 1892.

The features that set this small group apart from any of the others of the genus

Pleurothallis is the combination of the following. The rhizome is more or less

repent and ascending which often produces caespitose plants. The inflorescence is a

loose, successively flowered raceme that may or may not surpass a narrowly ellipti-

cal-obovate leaf. The ovary is papillose or spiculate in five of the six species. The

sepals and petals are more or less acuminate, but in two species the petals are

microscopic, similar to those of Lepanthes micropetala L.O. Williams and its close

allies. The lip is variable from entire to three-lobed. Seemingly more closely allied

to subgenus Pleurothallis than to either subgenus Acianthera or Specklinia, the

column is semiterete with an apical or subapical anther, rostellum and stigma, and

without a column-foot. The pair of pollinia is provided with a minute viscidium.

Some distant relationship with Lepanthes could be speculated.

Only four species, all of which had been described in the previous dozen years,

were included in the description of the subgenus in 1986. Four more species are

now added to bring the total to eight. All are found in moist or wet forests of the

Andes at relatively high to high altitudes between 2000 and 3000 meters above sea

level. Five of the species are rare and restricted in their distribution, but two are

relatively frequent, while one is widely distributed.

The subgenus is currently divided into two sections. The seven species included

in section Aenigmata are clearly related. The one species with a smooth ovary and

microscopic petals is segregated into monotypic section Vestigipetalae. One of the

seven other species also has microscopic petals. In addition to the extremely small

petals, the lip of P. vestigipetala is also “invisible.” It is thin, simple and mem-

branous, wrapped around the cylindrical shaft of the much larger column.

52 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Pleurothallis subgenus Aenigma Luer, Icones Pleurothallidinarum III, Systematics

of Pleurothallis, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 20: 26, 1986.

Type: Pleurothallis schizopogon cpbecnepaie 179, 1979.

Ety.:

From the Latin aenigma, “‘an aeni E g ionships of the species

the Pleurothallidinae.

ts perennial, very small to medium i in 9 epiphytic, shortly to ei repent, aR to caes-

pitose with more or less fasciculated te =

hk i proportion the hime or ramicaul. i= ie ct, short t eviated

pseudobulbous, unife liate, mostly or completely enclosed by 1 or 2 thin, wpe me sheaths. Leaf

erect to suberect in aledea o the Tamicaul, co to thickly co coriaceous, s haa more or less

to shallowly notched witt eate into a

elliptical, the apex

short petiole. Inflorescence a successively few to to several-flowered raceme, the flowers —

variously colored, bo:

me by with

below the apex; floral bracts thin, tubular, acute; pedicels slender, longer than the floral beer ee

_— a ety papillose or spiculate, trival vate, sepals membranous, acute to obtuse, sometimes

dor. al nessa lateral sepals partially connate to free,

seats fobsoon petals simple, linear, sometimes vestigial; lip entire to trilobed, the base attached

to the base of the column; column terete to clavate, pia insed. the apex dilated, the anther and stigma

peical oF subapical, the pollinia 2, obovoid, with a microscopic viscidium, the base of the column foot-

Aenigma sect. Aenigmata Luer, Icones Pleurothallidinarum III, Systematics of

Pleurothallis, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 20: 26, 1986.

Type: Pleurothallis Schizopogon Luer

This section is characterized by the long-spiculate Ovaries, and a column shorter

than the lip. Six species are included.

Acctane Sect. Vestigipetalae Luer, Icones Pleurothallidinarum III, Systematics of

eurothallis, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 20: 26, 1986.

Type: Pleurothallis vesti vestigipetala Luer

This MOnotypic section is characterized the

glabrous ovary; free lateral sepals;

vestigial petals; and a terete column longer than the simple lip appressed beneath

LIST OF SPECIES

Pleurothallis dalstroemii Luer.. ntetolanellicsica sensing, ....Plate 1

Mewes enon et TAS ages oa ia ij eos

were eet eetecnces

rig fad ne Pla 4.

eee ops us Sela en x

= rn ba vgs

vestigipetala Luer

One eee et Rete esess

eee RR Plate 8.

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA

53

KEY TO THE SECTIONS AND SPECIES OF SUBGENUS AENIGMA

1 Ovary glabrous; lip smaller than the co

2 Petals minute, vestigial

2’ Petals ovate to narrowly ovate, not vestigial

3 Lip more or less entire or 1-lobed

3° Lip distinctly 3-lobed

Section Vestigipetalae

lumn P. vestigipetala

Section Aenigmata

1’ Ovary papillose or spiculate; lip larger than the column 2

P. trimytera

3

4

6

5

4 Sepals attenuate with the laterals long-pubescent

P. dalstroemii

4’ Sepals obtuse, glabrous

5 Sepals 20-30 mm long

P. schizopogon

5” Sepals less than 10 mm long

6” Sepals acute, not long-pubescent

P. pogonion

6 Sepals attenuate with the laterals long-pubescemt...........-----serrrseee P. pentamytera

Kg

7 Lateral sepals lightly verrucose; lip with narrowly

S P. ibex

acute lateral lobe

7’ Lateral lobes not verrucose; lip with uncinate,

P. hystricosa

denticulate lateral lobes

Fig. 1. Pleurothallis pogonion

54 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Pleurothallis dalstroemii Luer, sp. nov.

Ety « N. aso f Stic Dalstram of Fal.

Jase pu ~ discovered this species,

y ene =

‘ . Onis cis plus minusve aequi

me Planta parva thizomate breviter as ee ee x age ag anguste ovatis, et

ovario longisp i : : i

pas gti A. t be ; di pPyVsuee VCITUCUIOSO,

Plant small, epiphytic, dense the rhiz

enn hucine baa dayne

i icauls slender, erect, 1-2 mm mm long, scotia by 2 thin, loose,

5. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical, petiolate, subacute to bins. 15-18 mm long including a

petiole 4-5 mm long, 5-6 mm mm wide, the base cuneate into the petiole. Inflorescence a loose, successive-

flowered

i long, from th

2- to 3- raceme to 20 mm long bome by a capillary peduncle 10-15 mn,

ae sot Sg pt mg vay de spi , i mm

long; sepals

purple veins, glabrous, carinate roadly Se,

shortly acuminate, concave, 35 nan long. 2.75 mm ee aperat emaed: barely See, .. thea = ier

» obtuse, shortl acuminat 3.75 mm long, 2 mm wide, connate mm toa

ae ith midv em, narrowly ovate, acute, ih mr ype

veined; lip purple, sborbicular cordate, 2.5 mm lon »2.3 mm wide, the margins slightly irreg ar, the

pena shortly g nally center with a small cavity above

the me

middle, minutely papillose sb e umn; column purp!

stout, semiterete, 1.75 mm long, dilated above the ae the anther, rostellum ; nada prea apical, the

obsolescent.

foot

ritionariiaes Prov. of Loja: epiphytic in cold cloud

orest above Jimbura,

type: MO; Isotypes:

m, 21 Feb. 1986, C. Luer Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz W. Flores

& A. rcs 11983 wees A Fe) Spreisecnied

januma range s alt. 2800

m, 16 Dee. 1982, 5. Ga a sn, C. Luer

illustr. 8707,

_ This Species was first ee by

i anuma Mountains

vian border in the

Province of Loja. Nevertheless, P. dal-

Stroemii remains rare and seldom collect-

is identified by the small, g

habit; short, low fines racemes; a

long-pubescen t Ovary; i

Sepals

and petals; » and a broadly cordate lip with a

syual! cavity at the front end of a callus on

the disc.

Pleurothallis

Ety.: From the ain ne oe “prickly,” ia pt don

rene hans F ibexis Luer affinis, seq spiculatis, et labelli lobis uncinatis

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA 55

Plate 1. Pleurothallis dalstroemti Luer

56 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plant lender, — 1-3 mm long,

small, hytic, caespitose, roots slender. agen s

enclosed by 2 thin, whi Tibbed ; sheaths, Leaf erect, coriaceou » elliptical-obovate, petiolate, 8-18 mm

long, 2-4.5 mm wide, the base cuneate into a petiole less than 3.9 mm long. Inflorescence a distantly,

successively 2-1 to3 flowered raceme, up to 13 mm long including the capillary peduncle ca. 8 ame Ree

spiculate, 1.5mm i. carinate-spiculate, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, acuminate, 3.5 mm sri bed

1.25 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, lightly acumin acuminate, 4 mm long, 1.25 eer

wide, connate 1.5 mm, faintly 3-veined; petals translucen: cent, narrowly ovate, acute, long-acuminate,

mm long, 0.5 mm wide; lip transversely 3-lobed, 1 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, the margins crenulate-

denticulate, the surfaces subverruculose, the apical lobe narrowly triangular, 0.3 mm long, the lateral

lobes uncinate, curved forward, spreading, acute, 1 mm long, the disc with a rounded, shallowly concave

callus in the center above the base, the base reflexed, hinged to the base of the column; column stout,

semiterete, 1.25 mm long, dilated above the middle, the anther and rostellum and stigma subapical, the

foot obsolescent.

COLOMBIA: st of Huila: epiphytic in dwarf

Clusia-Weinmannia forest, southwest of Alejandria,

south of Cueva de los Gudche cheros, alt. sony “2

Aug. 1944, E. L. Little, Jr. 8519 (Holotype: US

This tiny species is known only from

the type-collection from southern Colom-

bia made near nearly half a century ago by E.

L. Little, Jr., with the Cinchona Division

of the Foreign Economic Administration.

Pleaoliel. hystricosa is distinguished

the tiny, caespitose habit with petiolate

€s; proportionately large, €, long-spicu-

late ovaries; Carinate-spiculate sepals;

Subulate petals: and a trilobed lip with

teral - The collector noted

Plenrothallisibex “avi Selbyana 5: 168, 1979.

Ety.: From ret “a wil all that resemble the

Rae cane id goat,” in usion to the three lobes of the lip a

im ds dense! Caespitose, the rhiz ts compara-

Seip Coarse, Fea = are

the

ender, 2-3 mm lon pug, enclosed by 1 1-2 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf

erect, coriaceous, eous, elliptical, acute to area 10-18 mm long, 4-5 mm wide, the base cuneate into a

petiole 2-3 mm long 8. Inflorescence a loose, su successively 2- to 4-flowered raceme, 2- “3.5 mm long in-

g the capillary. Peduncle, bo laterally from Tamicaul; floral bract oblique, acute, 0.5-1 mm

ong; pulse 2 mm long; Ovary papillose, 1 mm i

. Pole xc mm wide, connate

OF ma? telow the middle; petals yellow var stripe, ly shea , 2.5 mm long,

x rounded, ttt dated Shei eects whe

: ee the middle, narrowly acuminate, widely

Spread, the disc channeled below al low middle

clu one neo,

the

stow, th broad, erect, Oc, inegaiacaamese, the base hinged eee

Stout, semiterete, L5

jak 0 i mm long, dilated above the middle. the anther,

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA 57

Plate 2. Pleurothallis hystricosa Luer

58 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

EDUADOR: Prov. of Imbabura: epiphytic in cloud

fareet near th. a fia s cre 1

alt. ca. 3000 m, 17 Feb. 1978, C. Luer, J. Luer & A.

Hirtz 2597 (Holotype: SEL).

This apparently rare species is known

from only the original collection at a high

altitude on the western declivity of north-

ern Ecuador. It is identified by the small,

ascending habit: a SuCCeSSive, two- or

three-flowered inflorescence; a papillose

Ovary; narrowly acute sepals; linear :

and a trilobed lip. The apical lobe is a

narrow apiculum while the narrowly tri-

angular lateral lobes diverge to either side. The body of the lip is thick and held

against the under surface of the footless column,

Pleurothallis pentamytera Luer, Sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Greek pentamyteros, “five-pronged,” in allusion to the lobes of the lip.

g, 6. ; ey i182 2° - - gee: re | ) Peed

Luer affinis, sed habitu ibus, et label-

Plant very small, epiphytic, ascending and caespitose, roots slender. Ramicauls slender erect, 1.5-2

mm long, enclosed by 1-2 loose, ribbed sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous elliptical, obtuse, the margin

i base cun

Cc

: \ — i act oblique, acute, 1-1.5 mm long; pedicel 3-5

an eg ' ‘e, 0.5 mm long; sepals translucent greenish white, suffused with purple

EDUADOR: Prov, of Zamora-Chinchi : epiphyti

i, ‘loud forest south of Yangana above venient

alt. 2000 m, 18 Mar. 1984, C. Luer, S.

Hoéijer & J. Kuijt 9599 (Holotype: MO).

This tiny Species is known onl

y from

It is distinguished by the elliptical leaves

with denticulate margins near the apex

reminiscent many pleurothallids

other subtribes) from Hispaniola. The ae

Of its close relati © P. schizopogon. Most dis

apical lobe is by a pair of rounded

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA 59

Plate 3. Pleurothallis ibex Luer

60 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Field ania

wigs,

ca

Pe

oe

eo

“es

ae ple

me

Pia 4. Pleurothallis pentamytera Luer

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA 61

Pleurothallis pogonion Luer, sp. no

Ety.: From the Greek pogonion, “te ite bear,” ferring to th lier size than P. schizopogon

—

Species haec P. schizopogoni Luer affinis, sed I t fl ltiminoribus differt.

Plant very small, epiphytic, ascending, the rhizome stout, 2-5 mm long between ramicauls; roots

slender. Ramicauls slender, ascending, 3-4 mm long, enclosed by 1-2 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf

suberect, coriaceous, narrowly obovate, 10-20 cm long, 4-6 mm wide, the apex obtuse to rounded, base

gradually p rescence ence = loose, successively 2- to 3-flowered

raceme, 15-25 mm 1 ludi from the ramicaul; floral bract

oblique, acute, 5m long: piel 3 mn long. ovary mace 1 mm long; sepals purple, subcar-

inate, the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, acute, acuminate, 7-8 mm long, 2 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral

sepals narrowly ovate, oblique, Song petcocentaade aiele the apices aaageER ee 7-8 mm ms

connate 2.5 mm.

, 2.75 mm wide together; petals purple, narrowly linear-ovate. long-acuminate, 6-

8 mm long, 0.6-1 mm wide, the margins subspiculate; lip purple, thick, cubquadrat, L 5 mm long, 1.5

mm wide, the margins muriculate, the apex subtruncate,

face, the disc papillose, with a rounded depression on behind the apex, deflexed below the middle and held

against the column, with broadly ded, erect, , th

of the column; column purple, stout, semiterete, 1.5 mm long, the anther, rostell d stigma subapi

cal, the foot obsolescent.

EDUADOR: Prov. of Zamora-Chinchipe: cloud forest

above Valladolid, alt. 2700 m, 3 Mar. 1982, C. Luer,

S. Dalstrém et al. 7116 (Holotype: SEL). Prov. of

Loja: without data, flowered in cultivation by B.

Malo at Tarqui, 26 Feb. 1982, C. Luer 7028 (SEL).

This uncommon, tiny species is closely

allied to the frequent P. schizopogon, and

it can occur in the same locality. Because

P. schizopogon is variable in size, this

species was at first thought to be merely a

small form, but in retrospect the two taxa

appear distinct. Except for size, the floral

morphology of the two are similar. The

sepals of vegetatively larger P. schizopo-

gon are more than two centimeters long,

while the sepals of the small P. pogonion

do not surpass one centimeter. The lat

sepals vary from sparsely to densely spicu-

late (Fig. 1, page 53).

Pleurothallis schizopogon Luer, a 5: 179, 1979. -

Ety.: From the Greek schizopogon, “a split beard,” in allusion to the hairy lateral sepals.

Plant small t dium in size, epiphytic, ascending, nee apes ee see 5- i eae

between ramicauls; ender. Ramicauls slender, ascending, I mm long, en ,

; obovate, eine 5 cm long including a petiole 1-2.5

tubular sheaths. Leaf suberect, coriaceous, Ts -

cm long, 1-1.5 cm wide, the apex obtuse to rounded, base ee aon case

cence a loose, successively 3- to 6-flowered | raceme, “a aide oe ion ee oe a xe. was ong: ORI

ome lateralk dorsal ovate

i carinate, the ‘

long-spiculate, 2-3 mm long; sepals rose to light yellow eee or white,

concave, acute, acuminate, 20-30 mm —— 6-8 mm wide, 3-veined, the lateral sepals narrowly ete

oblique, long-pubescent-spiculate, the

wide together, with the sides revolute; vale white, narrowly linear-ov

ite, thick, sabquadrate, 3 mm long, 3 mm wide , the | r

a keel on the undersurface, the disc ee with a roun

. Tourn: -

depression behind the apex, deflexed below the middle SN pamcatns fill,

ed, erect, sides flanking the column, the base hinged to the base re ee :

semiterete, 3 mm long, the anther, ros rostellum and s d stigma subapical, the foot

62 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 5, Pleurothallis pogonion Lues

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA

Plate 6. Pleurothallis schizopetala Luer

64 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

PrIta KAD. D. eT - 1 dA farect

cee dc alt. ca. 3000 m, 12 Feb.

1978, C. Luer, J. Luer & M. Portilla 2561 (Holotype:

SEL); same area, alt. 3100 m, 30 Oct. 1982, C. Luer

& R. Escobar mee (SEL), near Loja, Hiibsch S. .

m, ll “$e 1085, G. Harling & L. ve a tae

21915, 21916 (GB); Cajanuma, alt. 2800 m, 16 Dec.

. Dalstrém 359 (SEL); road to an post east

of Yangana, alt. 3100 m, 22 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, J.

Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10786 (MO). Prov. of

Azuay: Paramo south of Cuenca, alt. m, y

1958, C. H. Dodson 256 (MO, SEL). Prov. of

ora-Chinchipe: cloud forest above —

alt. 2700 m, 3 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, J. Luer & A

7112 gin area, 23 Mar. 1985, C. Luer, TL

riz & W. Flores 10893 eee Nudo de

beh m, 4 Feb. 1985,

G. Harling & L. Andersson 21574, 21576 (GB); same

area, 5 Apr. 1985. G. Harling & L. Andersson 23729,

).

33739, 23743 (GB

PERU: Without collection data, flowered i in cultiva-

g , K. Senghas

per jae

This species, the largest of the subgenus, is known from cold forests at high

altitudes in southern Ecuador and northern Peru. The first record of its existence is

an undated nineteenth \ century collection by Hiibsch from near Loja. For a hundred

years is by different collectors have defied identification even to genus.

The species is recognized by the shortly scandent habit, and a successively few-

flowered inflorescence of bizarre flowers recognized by the pair of hairy lateral

sepals that resemble a long, white beard split into two halves

is trimytera Luer & Escobar, Orquideologia 16: 34, iia

Ety.: From the Greek trimyteros, “three-pronged,” referring Po aaa

Plant ve ry small, epiphytic, densely caespitose, the thi ] ts compara-

tively coarse, fasciculate. Ramicauls slender, ca. 1 mm long, enclosed by 1-2 thin, a ane Leaf

reclining or prostrate, thickly coriaceous, elliptical, 4-6 mm long, 2.5-3.5 mm wide, the apex obtuse to

sively 2 pculate, the base cuneate into a petiole less than 0.5 mm lon ong. Inflorescence a loose, succes-

caul; floral acute, y pedun: rami-

—_ red rt dvi. 1 mm long; pedicel 2 mm long; ovary densely hispid, 0.6 mm long;

yellow margins, » Subcarinate, the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, 2.1 mm long, 1.2

veined, the . .

+ petals microscopic, oblong, obtuse, ca. 0.1 -trilobed

1.5 mm long; lip red, ovate-tril :

Santas, |S meee a ey 4 the three apical lobes 1 mm long, acute, the middle lobe

0.75 mm long, Madders oe to the base of the column; col umn red, s stont, SeRaHCNE,

o

2600 m, 1 J ae ——— Duit yews

Yarumal, epiphytic jane Escobar & D. Por 803 sere SEL). Dept. ayer tioqui

Lehmann 7089 (K); epi ora near Yarumal, alt. 1800-2200 m, 1892, EC.

Luer, R.Escobar & E* masseter , alt. 2170 m, 12 May 1985, C.

ECUADOR:

Carchi in forest remnant east

1991, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz,X.Hirte & J. del Hierro 15154 (MO). “ip esteem

65

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA

Plate 7. Pleurothallis trimytera Luer & Escobar

66 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This species was first discovered in the

Eastern Cordillera of Colombia by Consul

Lehmann a century ago. It is also known

from the Central Cordillera and northern

Ecuador. Apparently it is rarely seen

because of its small size and infrequent

occurrence. It is identified by the very

small, more or less prostrate habit with

overlapping leaves; a short, one- or suc-

cessively two-flowered inflorescence; a

densely long-pubescent Ovary; minutely

erose, lightly acuminate sepals; vestigial

petals less than 0.1 mm long; and an acute-

ly tri-pronged lip.

vestigipetala Luer, Selbyana 3: 404, 1977.

Ety.: From the Latin vestigipetalus, “with ves estigial petals,” referring the microscopic petals.

Plant small, epiphytic, the rhizome more or less ascending, 3-8 mm long between aR

roots comparatively coarse, fasciculate. Ramicauls slender, 3-7 mm long, enclosed by 1-2 thin, tubular

. ea

6 mm wide, cuneate below into a a petiole up to 5 mm long. Inflorescence a loose, flexuous, successively

several-flowered raceme 3-6 cm long including the capillary peduncle, emerging laterally from the

bract oblique, acute, 2 glabrous, costate, 1.5 mm

long; paket pdr pale yellow to white, membranous ranous, glabrous « except for a few scattered hairs, carinate, the

dorsal sepal ovate, 6-7.5 mm mm long, 2 mm wide, 3-veined, with the apex narro sees Boe ral sepals

free, narrowly triangular, widely — a. acute, acuminate, 6-7.5 mm long, 1.5-1.75 mm

wide; petals pete yet suborbicular, microscopically pubescent, 0.4 mm long, 0.2 mm wide; lip

i bescent externally, wraped around the undersurface of

the column, 2.75-3.5 mm long, 1 micosipialy pbcs the base narrowly truncate, attached to the base of

the ; colum n cylindrical, 3-4 mm long, the anther, rostellum sal stigma apical.

hag ean Prov. of pric epiphytic in trees at

est of Cuenca, alt. 3000

27

m, 14 Feb, 1989, B. ee ee E.

(AAU, i a Maderibce

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Cundinamarca: e hy

Moist forest on the westem slopes of the (ala

Feet, alt. 2600-3000 m, undated, F.C Silenane

ca sent, of San Matin: Dist. Huallaga, valley

soncho, 30 Km above J alt, on

ucusbamba,

sa 1965, A.C_H, "

1288, 1288 amilton & P.M. Holligan

BO’

LIVIA: Done of of La Prov. of of Murillo, in

Py emen , alt. 2870 m, gg 1988, C.

r, J. Solomo

7 Vogel Boat Ouch, n, T.& D. Mulder &

ee =

SYSTEMATICS OF AENIGMA

ike

\

SA

_

Sat

aa

Plate 8. Pleurothallis vestigipetala Luer

68 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This species, widely distributed in the Andes at high altitudes near and above

3000 meters above sea level, was first discovered in the Eastern Cordillera of

Colombia by Consul Lehmann a century ago. His specimen was found among the

indeterminates at Kew. It was described from Ecuador in 1977, and specimens

have subsequently been identified from Peru and Bolivia. Because of its insignifi-

cant habit, it is infrequently collected. The specimen on which the species is based

is clei , but the flowers from plants subsequently discovered are not cleis-

Pleurothallis vestigipetala is characterized by the small, creeping or ascending

it, and flexuous racemes that surpass the little obovate leaves. The sepals are

membranous, narrowly acute, and widely expanded, but most distinctive are the

microscopic petals and the simple, membranous lip wrapped along the undersurface

of the cylindrical column.

Although not closely allied to the other seven species of this subgenus, the

7 P. vestigipetala seems nearer to them than to any other group in the Pleur-

othallidinae. The alternative would t {0 create another monotypic subgenus.

REFERENCES

beige. RL. 1981. The orchids ‘natural history and classification. Harvard University Press, Cam-

LNB, CAL Boge pnvieeeay and classification of the orchid famity, Diceces: OR.

3 ass ly. Dioscorides Press, Portland,

= = A., 1986. Icones Pleurothalli IIL. Systematics of Pleurothallis. Monogr. Syst. Bot. 20:

INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES

ieideptie: 51 Pleurothallis dalstrémii 51, 52, 53, 54, Plate 1.

Stalactites 54 hystricosa 51, 52, 53, 54, Plate 2., 55

Pleurothallis 5] ibex 52, 53, 54, 56, Plate 3.

Subgen. Aenigma 51, 52.53 Pentamytra 51, 52, 53, 58, Plate 4.

sect. Aenigmata 5], 52” 53 Pogonion 51, "52, 53, 61, Plate 5.

sect. Vestigipetalae 51, 52.53 schizopogon 51, 52, 53, 58, 61, Plate 6.

Subgen. Acianthera 5] trimytera 52,53, 54, 64, Plate 7.

subgen. Pleurothallis 5 vestigipetala 51, 52, 53, 65, Plate 8.

Specklinia 5]

SYSTEMATICS OF THE SUBGENUS ELONGATIA 69

OF PLEUROTHALLIS (ORCHIDACEAE)

ABSTRACT

Subgenus Elongatia Luer of Pleurothallis R. Br. is described. A key to the

species is given. Each species is described and ill Pi eg ai pas an TG

4 : 4 a: mete ae

eS oe 1.

Ls

New taxa:

Pleurothallis subgenus Elongatia section Petiolatae Luer, sect. nov.

Pleurothallis holtonii Luer, sp. nov.

Pleurothallis superbiens Luer, sp. nov.

This taxon was first recognized as section Elongatae of Pleurothallis by Lindley

in 1842. He included 43 mostly non-allied species characterized by a raceme

exceeding the leaf in length in two subsections (non-indicated subdivisions of the

section). Subsection Racemosae was characterized by pedicels longer than the

floral bracts, and subsection Spicatae was characterized by pedicels shorter than the

floral bracts. Section Effusae was reserved for those non-allied species with the

raceme shorter than the leaf.

In his Folia Orchidaceae Pleurothallis of 1859 Lindley included an even greater

mixture of unrelated species in section Elongatae. In an attempt to preserve the

name Elongatae, subgenus Elongatia was proposed in Systematics of Pleurothallis,

volume 3 of Icones Pleurothallidinarum in 1986. As the name implies, the subge-

nus is characterized by an elongated raceme, but this feature is certainly not con-

fined to this subgenus. Pleurothallis restrepioides was chosen as the lectotype

because all the other species included by Lindley were being placed in other sub-

genera. In 1842, Lindley had placed P. restrepioides in Disepalae, a category of

subsection of Racemosae. In 1859, he placed P. restrepioides in Tristes, anew

undesignated subsection of section Elongatae.

Pleurothallis macrophylla was the first species of the subgenus to be discov-

ered. It was collected near Popaydn in southern Colombia by Humboldt and Bon-

pland in late 1801 on the leg of their journey from Bogota to Quito. It was finally

published in their famous work of 1815. It still occurs in this original area, but

infrequently. The next species described was Fr. restrepioides, collected by

Mathews near Chachapoyas, Peru, in the early 1830's, and published by Lindley in

1836. Reichenbach published P. fritillaria in 1848 for a collection of the same

species by Dr. Jameson from near Quito where it is found frequently today.

In habit this small subgenus of small, medium-sized, large to gigantic plants =

not remarkably distinguishable. ‘The ramicaul is usually well-developed. oo

is either sessile or petiolate, the basis for defining two sections. The few to sev :

flowered raceme is terminal at the base of the leaf when the leaf is sessile, an

lateral with an annulus below the abscission layer when the leaf is petiolate, an im

two Central American species. The flowers of be eae a produced simutta-

neously or successively on pedicels longer than the

The ae that set this subgenus apart from all other cal

thallids are found in the basically similar, large to very large flowers. cian ;

are glabrous, with the dorsal sepal variously ovate or elliptical, non-caudate, 2

free from the lateral sepals; the lateral sepals are connate into a concave ee cal

The petals are large, broad, and more or less acute to subacute. The lip Sere *

variously convex or concave. The base is truncate without lobules and inflexibly

i is

attached to the base of an obsolescent or pedestal-like column-foot. The column

70 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

well-developed and elongate with a pair of obtuse wings above the middle. The

anther, rostellum and stigma are ventral, protected between the wings. The pair of

US RTE Satie hci;

I 0 4 minute viscidium.

Subgenus Elongatia seems more closely allied to subgenus Specklinia than to

the other two major subgenera of Pleurothallis: Acianthera and Pleurothallis.

Superficially, it is similar to section Effusae of Specklinia. The lips of the latter

section are more or less broadly unguiculate, often with basal lobules, flexibly

attached to a column-foot, and the apex of the column is variously denticulate.

Subgenus Elongatia is composed of eight species known from Costa Rica to

Two species from Central America have petiolate leaves, and in habit they

are smaller than the five large, Andean species with sessile leaves, but superficially

similar to a third Central American Species that has sessile leaves.

Pleurothallis subgenus Elongatia Luer, Icones Pleurothallidinarum Ill, Systemat-

Ics Of Pleurothallis, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 20: 26, 1986.

Lectotype: Pleurothallis restrepioides Lindl., Comp. Bot. Mag. 2: 356, 1836.

Ety.: From the Latin elongatus, “elongated,” referring to the inflorescence.

Syn.: Pleurothallis sect. Elongatae Lindl., Edwards’ Bot. Reg. 28: Misc. 68, 1842.

Lectotype: Pleurothallis restrepioides Lindl.

Syn.: Pleurothallis subsect. Racemosae Lindl., Edwards’ Bot. Reg. 28: Misc. 68, 1842.

Ety.: From the Latin racemosus, “with racemes,” referring to the inflorescence.

Syn.: Pleurothallis “series” Disepalae Lindl., Edwards’ Bot. Reg. 28: Misc. 68, 1842.

Ety.: From the Greek epalum, “two sepaled,” referring to the bilabiate flowers.

Syn.: Pleurothallis subsect. Tristes Lindl., Folia Orchid. Pleurothallis 30, 1859.

Ety.: From the Latin iristis, “sad, dull-colored,”’ referring to the flowers.

Plants perennial, small, medium in size to ve iphyti tose: Rami-

cauls ty large, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Rami

erect, short to elongated, non-pseudobulbous, unifclisie - bul

low sh : a

Fe more or less elliptical, the apex acute to obtuse, shallowl il tiolate.

Inflorescence a <j : . 'y notched, the base sessile or pe

PORTS imultaneously of Successively few- to several-flowered raceme, bome by a peduncle

iaite teen l when the leaf is sessile, or laterally with an annulus below the

longe layer when the leaf is petiolate; floral bracts infundibules cy tubular, acute; pedicels slender,

ca pnd the floral bract; ovary smooth, trivalvate: flowers large to very large, resupinate, variously

Pals, the lateral sepals shale » Slabrous, non-caudate, the dorsal sepal free from the lateral se-

obovate, acute to subacute, sri ate into a concave synsepal; petals large, variously elliptical to

i entire to denti . iddle, flat or

wi Fevolute sides above the middle, the base when hase up ee at a

ale, semiterete, roundly winged toward the : wena:

pollinia obovoid. wi ; bees apex, the anther, rostellum and stigma :

<n = unute Viscidium, the base of the column thickened or pedestal-like with

Pleurothallis sub nus i i i

+ Haina oi rat section Elongatae Lindl.

This section, composed of five large Andean species and one small, Central

SPeCies, is characterized by sessile leaves, and a terminal infl A

Type: Perse ca eatin section Petiolatae Luer, sect. nov.

‘tom the Latin petiolatus, “with petiole” cefa.<

fee Petiole,” referring to the petiolate leaf.

Oh aan aa Posed of two, small to medium-sized Central American spe-

by petiolate leaves, and a lateral inflorescence.

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA 71

KEY TO THE SECTIONS AND SPECIES

OF SUBGENUS ELONGATIA

1 Leaf petiolate; infl lateral 2

1 Leaf sessile; inflorescence terminal 3

Section Petiolatae

2 Habit very small, ramicauls less than 1 cm long; pedicels 3 mm long;

flowers small, sepals less than 9 mm long P. guttata

2’ Habit medium in size, ramicauls 1.5-2. 5m long; pedicels 10-12 mm long;

flowers larger, sepals 12-18 mm long P. janetiae

Section Elongatae

3 Habit small; inflorescence successively flowered P. carpinterae

3” Habit large; inflorescence simultaneously flowered A

4 Leaf broadly ovate, rounded at the base; lip witha tall

channeled callus above the base .P. superbiens

4’ Leaf elliptical, cuneate at the base; lip with or without a low

channeled callus above the base SD

5 Sepals more than 4 cm long uP. excelsa

5’ Sepals less than 3 cm long ..... ee AY eee Sails

6 Lip thickly trilobed at the apex, MOM VEITUCOSE.....ssseeeesssseeseeesnmeereeres P. holtonii

6’ Lip not thickly trilobed at the apex .....ssssssessserseessseeeenneenenaneennnnannnnnernweessnte 7

7 Lip with verrucose, revolute margins above the middle.... .aweeP. macrophylla

T Lip with smooth, revolute margins above the middle.... __vssueP. restrepioides

EPITHETS PUBLISHED IN SUBGENUS ELONGATIA

AND LIST OF SPECIES

Pleurothallis atroviolacea Lehm. & Kral. = P. restrepioides Pine 1

urothallis carpinterae a ne i saci .

Urothallis Excelsa Garay .........--cc-c-c-seceeverencevsnsnennensnnenennense teste ee Plate

Pleurothallis fritillaria Rchb i. = P, restrepioides om"

thallis guttata LUEr..........--.sesssescecessnssseeeereeensanansneesee eee TT :

Pleurothallis holtonii Luer.. “a th acs liinerimeconaennsen vevsnee ate M4

Pleurothallis janetiae Luer hesiaedablale limon NOME

Pleurothallis laurifolia H.B. K. sensu 2 Ree = ~P. macrophylla 2

Ple macrop hylla HB.K....2....-eccceecosee ene late r

i restrepioides Lindl... i paste tnenwsnen oven late

Pleurothallis roezlii Rchb.f. = P. macrophiis Plate 8.

Pleurothalli ; superbiens Luer... is ecacsameiers soeeenece

72 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Pleurothallis carpinterae Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 19: 105,

1923.

medium in si i ic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect to

“apg eat se OEE below the middle and 2 other sheaths at the base.

Leaf erect, to suberect or spreading, thinly coriaceous, ovate, acute, sessile, 3-5 cm long, 1.5-2.3 cm

wide, cuneate below at the base. Inflorescen mgested, su ly few-fl ry

slender peduncle 3-5 cm long, arching or reclining upon the leaf, from a spathe 2-3 mm long, at the base

of the leaf; floral bracts infundibul » 3 mm long; pedicels 2.5 mm long, —— bine. tes

: 1.5 trialate, spotted with le; sepals membranous, translucent ght yellow,

persuade with t ser glabrous, the aed fone elliptical, subacute, concave, 12 mm long, 8

mm wide expanded, 3-veined, the lateral pal te i lliptical, , bicarinate synsepal, 11

mm long, 8 mm wide, 4-veined; petals orange, faintly dotted with red, obovate-spathulate, obtuse, 7 mm

long, 4 mm wide, 3-veined; lip orange, pandurate, unguiculate, subacute at the apex, entire, 10 mm long

y below the middle, the claw concave, 1 mm long, broadly but lightly attached to the

column-foot; column yellow, dotted wi purple, slender, clavate, terete below the apex, obtusely

winged at the apex, 4mm long, the anther, rostellum and stigma ventral, the pedestal-like.

COSTA RICA: Prov. of San José: Carpintera, Apr.

1908, A. Brade & C. Brade 1214 (holotype presum-

ably destroyed at B:). Prov. of Alajuela: La Palma,

alt. 1260 m, 23 May 1922, A. M. Brenes 335

" Cerro

“ ); La Palma and Laguna,

alt. 1196 m, Nov. 1927, A. M. Brenes 458 (128)

(AMES): Ramén and Santa

1040 m, 2 July 1983, R. Escobar & K Anderson

2 Vv. eredia: above eronimo,

alt. 1800 m, 18 Sept. 1979, C. Luer, J Luer, K.

enstein 422] (SEL, Pun-

VY c eS ?

PANAMA: Prov. of Chiriqui: Cerro Colorado above

Camp Escopeta, alt. 1700 m, 15-16 Feb. 1977, C.

Luer, J. Luer & R. Dressler 1418, 1435 (SEL). Prov.

of “ i ivide NW of Santa Fe, alt.

650-750 m, 16 Nov. 1974, R. L. Dressler 4850

» Same area, alt. 750m, 5 1976, C. Luer

& R. Dressler 1288 (SEL). ~~

This species is found relatively fre-

quently growing on mossy branches of

‘of Costa Rica and western Panama. A collection and a detailed _

tration made by Endres in 1867 were sent to Reichenbach who did nothing with

m. It was eventually published by Schlechter in 1923 from a collection by the

brothers Brade

In the wild the plants usually grow more or less horizontally so that the slender

peduncles recline upon leaves and bear the relatively large, colorful, bilabiate

beyond the tip. Flowers are frequently cleistogamous. The pale yalew

Sepals are lightly spotied with rose. The broadly spathulate petals and panduriform

lip are orange to dark purple and entire,

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA 73

Plate 1. Pleurothallis carpinterae Schitr.

74 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

is excelsa Garay, Caldasia 10: 232, 1968.

Ety.: From the Latin excelsus, “tall,” referring to the habit of the plant.

Plant ic : coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 30-45 cm long, with

seid Ghul seve behow the wide = d 2 other purple-spotted sheaths at the base. Leaf

erect, thickly coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, subacute, sessile, 25-40 cm long, 9-16 cm wide, concate below

at the base. ct t hing, loose, subsecund, al-flowered

raceme 50-60 cm long including the peduncle ca. 20 cm long, from a s spathe 2.4.5 con long, af thee Dono

the leaf; floral bracts infundibular, acute, 1-1.8 cm long; pedicels 2-3 cm long; ovary 1.2-1.5 cm long;

sepals rose, with darker rose-brow: n, glabrous, the dorsal — ovate, acute, — concave

below the middle, 47-52 mm long, 13-16 d, 5-veined, the lateral into an

ovate, acute synsepal, 45-52 mm long, 17-18 mm wide, 6-veined: ssisie white, ttuncdaie swith purple

-obovate, subacute, 16-20 mm long, 8-9 mm wide, 3-veined; lip purple-brown, greenish

above the middle, narrowly ovoid, 37-45 — long, 10 mm 1 wide on basal third, , 3-4 mm \ wide above,

em ab wit pi tow marina cat te inn of deflection of the sides, smooth to

minutely

cose, the disc with } cent 3 gations The. Ai ey . o. RS ee oe LR ch ed

to the column-foot; column greenish white, slender, semiterete below the middle, obtusely wings above

the middle, 10-12 mm long, the anther, rostellum and stigma ventral, the foot short, thick, pedestal-like.

COLOMBIA: Without collection data, flowered in

reeingn in Medellin by A. — s.n. (Holo

Clonotypes K, MO, SEL), C. Luer illustr.

4307. ‘Dene of Antioquia: Cocorna, Alto de los

05 a 1950 m, collected by H. Granada, 1989,

i Colomborquideas, 19 May

1993, oh Laer 16906 (MO). Dept. of Tolima: La

terrestrial, alt. 1600 m, 30 Nov. 1882, F.

Cc. sai 83 (

igantic species, vegetatively one

of the largest of all racemose species,

occurs in the Central Cordillera of Colom-

bia where it is infrequently encountered.

It is found growing terrestrially in rich,

Shaded humus of virgin forests at a moder-

ate altitude less than 2000 meters above

sa level. Apparently the first ae

Lehmann in the department of Tolima. Tt

is still another of the numerous collections

by Lehmann that lay unrecognized and

undescribed for many years in various

herbaria of the world.

Up to ten immense flowers with non-caudate sepals five centimeters long are

Produced €d simultaneously On a stout, arching inflorescence. The protruding, cylin-

drical lip is nearly as long as the sepals. From a shallowly concave basal third, the

margins of the lip recurve to form a long, straight, narrow tube.

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA 5

Plate 2. Pleurothallis excelsa Garay

76 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

guttata Luer, Selbyana 3: 116, 1976.

Ety.: From the Latin guttatus, Pata dg referring to the purple-spotted flowers.

Plant small to medium in size, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6-8

mm long, enclosed by 2-3 tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical-obovate, obtuse, petiolate,

3-5 cm long including the petiole ca. 1 cm long, 1.5-2.2 cm wide, cuneate below into the petiole. Inflor-

escence a ing, successive, di y few-flowered raceme 3-6 cm long g the peduncle ca.

5 cm long, from a spathe ca, 2mm long, laterally from the panicacl below the abscission layer, a

hearts 9 1 a Pe, TF 1 3 -43 1 1 ne-

mm 1.

o> F ee ee ee We eee | exes J ‘S: SS ?

lucent light yellow-green, spotted with purple, glabrous, the dorsal sepal elliptical-ovate, obtuse, con-

cave, 9 mm long, 4 mm wide expanded, 3-veined. the lateral pal into an ovate, obtuse, con-

cave, bicarinate synsepal, 8 mm long, 5 mm wide expanded, 4-veined; petals deep red-purple, obovate,

acute, serrulate, 7 mm long, 3 mm wide, 3-veined; lip ted-purple, elliptical, narrowly obtuse, 7 mm long,

the i fringed, i thickened and bove the ba

25 * sc a se, connate

to the base of the column: column yellow-white, semiterete, broadly winged above the middle, 3 mm

long, the anther, rostellum and stigma ventral, the foot obsolescent.

PANAMA: Prov. of Panama: epiphytic on Cerro

Jefe, alt. 1000 m, 15 Oct. 1967, R. L. Dressler 3086

: ¥; epiphytic along the Altos de Pacora

road, alt. 650 m, 4 Mar. 1976, C. Luer, J, Luer, P.

Taylor & R.L. Dressler 1064 (SEL); epiphytic on

Cerro alt. 1000 m, Aug. 1975, flowered in

cultivation Aug, 1976, R.L. Dressler s.n. (SEL).

This species is apparently endemic in

eastern Panama where it was first collect-

ed by R. L. Dressler. It is characterized by

small, broadly obovate, obtuse leaves

borne by short ramicauls. The pendent

raceme bears a lax succession of bilabj 4

purple-spotted flowers. The lip is cymbi-

form and fimbriate.

Pleurothallis guttata is closely allied

to Costa Rican P. janetiae, but differs

from the latter in the smaller habit with

ramicauls less than a centimeter long;

broadly obtuse leaves; smaller flowers

Proportionately narrower, dark le-spotted sepals; deep red-purple petals;

Py ared-purple, elliptical, fringed, Wesincs lip a also similar to the lip of

- janetiae.

holtonii Luer, sp. noy.

Bay: Named inhonor of LP. Hoton, who collected ths specie

tao differ, "%<7ePhylle H.BLK. affnis, sed lablli pane apicali glabro angusto crasso subtrilo-

Punt large, epiphytic, presumably caespitose » Foots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 30 cm long or

matececncomplte, wih a sponed mibular chests base oe Leaf erect, coriaceous, elliptical,

— ceed eee hing to 8 can wide, caneste bekee co en Inflorescence an erect,

subsecund, heat tO: many-flowered (?) raceme up to 17 cm long includin ng the

Peduncle ca. 10 cm long, from a the leaf; floral bracts thin, i :

abous (cna spre 22-5 cm long: ovary 16-17 mn lone, cae fens

Sateons (cellular Faamally), the dorsal sepal elliptical, subacute, concave, 24 mm long, 12

eR Net Gemate bran orld, oe an ee ee *

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA

Plate 3. Pleurothallis guttata Luet

78 ’ ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

mm wide expanded, 6-veined, the apices acute, free for about 8 mm; petals elliptical-obovate, subacute,

13 mm long, 7.5 mm wide, 3-veined; lip ovoid, glabrous, 14 mm long, 4 mm wide, concave below the

iddl with erect sides Wee emaliel eae ee 1 an Cr a | 4 . om | q 4 a

form a solid,

decurved, obtuse, subtrilobed apical segment, the disc sulcate below the middle between a pair of low

longitudinal calli, tricarinate ak the base broadly subtruncate, transversely thickened, inflexibly

attached to the column-foot: column broadly and obtusely winged above the middle, 7 mm long, the

anther, rostellum and stigma ventral, the foot short, thick, pedestal-like,

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Cundinamarca: “Bogoté,”

without more specific locality, 1852, /. F. Holton s.n.

(Holotype: NY), C. Luer illustr. 15520.

In habit this large Species is indistin-

guishable from that of P. macrophylla

which is known only from the Western

Cordillera of Colombia. This species is

known only from the Original collection

made by I. F. Holton near Bogotd in the

Eastern illera in 1852. The specimen

lay unidentified at NY for nearly a century

and a half.

Pleurothallis holtonii differs from P.

macrophylla in the morphology of the lip.

As in P. macrophylla, the lip is scaphoid

below the middle, but above the middle

the lip is glabrous, narrowed and de-

Curved. A longitudinally rounded, thick-

ened, central Carina, together with the

thick, revolute Sides, form a trilobed an-

terior segment,

Janetiae Luer, Selbyana 5: 169, 1979,

4s Nemed in honor of Inet Kuhn who colocie cade rate te species.

Plant small to medium in size epiphyti itose: i lender, erect, pur-

ple, 1.5-2 : > C, Caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls s a

i : tiny tt tubular sheath below the mide sed sna Ramcaals 8 Leaf erect,

Ms

f }

. coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, to obtuse, petiolate, 5-10 cm long including the

petiole ag em] — 1.5-2.3 cm wide, cuneate below into the slender, purple petiole. Inflorescence a

. : e8 mg including the slender cle 5-6 cm long,

aon lage, ee ReMEN, fom a spat 2:3 eg he slender podunel below the ab-

scission layer; floral bracts 3 mm long; pedicels 10-12 mm long; ovary green, 3 mm long; sepals

. light yellow, li Y spotted and suffused with rose, » the dorsal sepal

ee. Subacute, concave, 13-18 mm long, 10-11 mm wide expanded, 3-veined, the lateral sepals connate

leaecaes ave synsepal, 13-18 mu long, 7-9 mm wide expanded, 4-veined:

—, th » Serrulate, minutely the base, 13 mm

long, 5 mm wide, 3-veined: lip yellow, suffused with brown, ovate-s acute, 12 mm long, 6

cere sriseed, the disc fat, thickened and coves whee,

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA

2.

tonit

Plate 4. Pleurothallis hol

80 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

COSTA RICA: Prov. of Puntarenas: epiphytic in

cloud forest above Las Cruces, July 1977, flowered

ivation at J & L Orchids, Easton, CT, 8 Nov.

1977, C. Luer 2123 (Holotype: SEL). Prov. of

anta alt.

1080-1200 m, 27 July 1983, R. Escobar & M. Perez

3093 (SEL). Prov. of San José: Vasquez de Corona-

do, Parque Nacional Braulio Carrill , alt. 750 m, 21

Sept. 1990, S. Ingram & K. Ferrell 556 (SEL).

Without locality, ca. 1867, A. Endres 2533 (W).

This species is apparently endemic in

Costa Rica where it was first collected by

Endres about 1867. Specimens and accu-

rate, detailed illustrations were dutifully

Sent to Reichenbach who did nothing with

them. Endres had proposed the name P.

helva. This is another of numerous Costa

Rican collections by Endres that lay for

many years unpublished in several major

herbaria. Janet Kuhn collected the species

Over a Century later,

Pleurothallis janetiae is distinguished by a petiolate leaf borne by a short rami-

Ccaul with a lateral inflorescence. The inflorescence droops and produces a loose

raceme of several, successive, comparatively large, long-pedicellate flowers. The

Petals and lip are fringed. It is very Closely allied to Panamanian P. guttata, but

differs in the larger habit, and considerably larger flowers with broader floral parts.

Except for the size, the base of the cymbiform lip and footless column are similar in

Species.

Pleurothallis janetiae is superficially similar to sympatric P. carpinterae, but P.

etiae Is distinguished by the Proportionately shorter ramicaul and a long-pe-

liolate leaf. The bilabiate flowers of the two species are similar in size and color,

but the petals and lip of P. janetiae are elliptical and serrulate to fimbriate.

jan

Pienrothallis macrophylla H.B.K, Nov. Gen, Sp. 1: 365, 1815. |

$ = phyllos, “large-leaved,” referring to the huge leaves of the species.

“hee ee sensu Rchb.f, Bonplandia 2: 23, 1854, not P. laurifolia H.B.K.

acq.) R.Br.

“haa S roealii Rehb§., Linnaea 12: 13, 1877.

Seas So Atak scactned Bcheenion collect, who ollected this poston.

mea ~ macrophylla (H.B.K.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 667, 1891.

: ‘ana Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PL. 666, 189]

[A mates i -

A te tae fr Paoli H.B.K, sensu Reichenbach,

(Schb£) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 668, 1891.

sheath below the middle and 2 other spotied sheaths at the base.

ng ach noe ng Ie, 5-9 em wie, cuneate below tothe bse

floral bracts infundibular mt long, from a slender, 1.5-2 cm long spathe at the base of the leaf;

meaty 10-13 mm long: sepals rej.teo 108: Pedicels 4.5 cm long below to 1 em long near the apex:

» Concave, 25-39 man brown, glabrous, the dorsal sepal elliptical-obovate, to ob-

Tong, 12-15 mm wide, 3-veined with > ig complete veins, the lateral sepals

Plant epiphyti

30m ong. wh tubular gh tOs Foots comparatively slender. Ramicauls stout, erect, 10.

Conaceous, cas

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA 81

Plate 5. Pleurothallis janetiae Luet

82 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

cS |

te int b , obtuse, ynsepal, 23-27 mm long, 15-16 mm wide, 6-veined; petals

red-brown, elliptical-obovate, subacute to obtuse, 13-20 mm long, 9-11 mm wide, 3-veined; lip orange to

purple, ovoid, 16-18 long, 5-6 mm wide, below the middle with erect m , convex and

ani parapet or oes stil des sedi with th gi lute, the apex obtuse, the disc

t U2 4 lly Ne 7 PD = [Pe Ps 4 gh L BL L L dly subtruncate, inflexibl:

+, 1 7

slender. it bel i

the middle, 9-10 mm long, the anther, rostellum and stigma ventral, the foot short, thick, pedestal-like.

o

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Cauca: prov. of Popayan near

the village La Ere, Rio Yanacatu, alt. 800 hex. (alt.

1440 m), Nov. 1801, Humboldt & Bonpland s.n.

(Holotype: P), C. Luer illustr. 15275. i

Paramo de Bordoncillo, between La Cocha and

Sibundoy, alt. 2800-3000 m, 27 May 1946, R. E.

Schultes & M. Villarreal 7522 (AMES).

This huge species was first discovered

by Humboldt and Bonpland near Popayén,

Colombia, on the leg of their famous

journey shortly before Christmas, 1801.

They had been visiting with Mutis in

Bogoté and were now making their way to

Quito. The collection of P. macrophylla

had been made not long before they made

their collection of Masdevallia bonplandii

Rchb.f. near Rumichaca at the present-day

border with Ecuador.

Although this immense species is hard to confuse with P. ruscifolia (Jacq.)

R.Br., unexplained mixups can occur. Apparently Reichenbach saw a duplicate of

the Humboldt collection of P. macrophylla in Berlin labeled P. laurifolia. In 1854,

he published this species as the P. laurifolia of Humboldt and Bonpland. Their P.

laurifolia, however, is a synonym of P. ruscifolia. Apparently neither Lindley nor

Reichenbach had seen the Humboldt collection in Paris. Lindley treated Hum-

boldt’s P. macrophylla as an earlier name for Péppig’s very different P. floribunda

cag Crocodeilanthe) that is characterized by several short racemes of small

wers,

The vegetatively and florally similar P roezlit, described later by Reichenbach

from a collection by Roezl farther north in Antioquia, differs from typical P.

macrophylla in the coarsely pubescent, apical half of the lip. The apical half of the

lip of typical P. macrophylla is only minutely verrucose. Otherwise, there is no

significant difference between the two concepts.

ee macrophylla is a large, infrequent species with huge, elliptical,

eaves.

tinguished by the longer leaf, and larger, fewer, non-spotted flowers with a various-

ly verrucose apical half of the lip.

; “~—

: pasad fed eslegua ees Wfateer ie Oo TS Us re pes pea es b?

2mm saa ence? BS on bad ce atiill ba

o at *

_paitre ae ee eee er oe rere eh k. ‘ |

“toe Pe a a oan alieed . * ° TAOS ¢ wwten sing

a panera : mon,

=e eek

, S aoe rE .

ai * Fr

SS ; eed te ae,

Tn. ay acte wr nnn 4S = 0 1d BES SPD Wwe? 27) hee Peake *s,

dranise © ss Sr

‘ atthe anapavess sopoeieett SoS

tree eee * r —

snevgvanreenon mite ei cs re ees

sone + amnmtee * Vaal

en han essaerer

:

84 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Pleurothallis restrepioides LindI., Comp. Bot. - Mag. 2: 356, 1836.

Syn. Pleurothallis fritillaria Rehb-f., Bonplandia 3: 240, 1855.

Syn.: Humboldtia fritillaria (Rchb.f.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PL.2: 667, 1891.

Syn.: Humboldtia restrepioides (Lindl.) Kuntze, Rev. Gen. Pl. 2: 668, 1891.

Syn.: Pleurothallis atroviolacea Lehm. & Krzl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 438, 1899.

Ety.: From the Latin atroviolaceus, “dark violet,” in reference to the color of the flowers.

large, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls | stout, erect, often prolific, 10-45

dette a0 tubul th Leaf erect, coriaceous,

subacute to obtuse, sessile, 10-17 cm long, 3-85: cm wide, oe cuneate or rounded below at

ye Yatg Infloresce , loose, subsecund, simultaneously several-

to many-flowered raceme up to 15-33 om 1 long including t the peduncle 5 5-12 cm se vane a ie

spathe |-1.5 cm long e, 1-1.5 cm

mm long below to 5 mm long near the apex; ovary purple-spotted, 4 mm long; spine =a oe to pale

greenish or yellow, usually diffusely and sis eel iy purple, glabrous, the do’ oral sepal ovate,

subacute, concave, 16-20 mm long, 8-9 mm wide, 3-vei th oid,

obtuse, concave synsepal, 18-20 mm long, 9-10 mm wide oily 6-veined; petals purple, elliptical-

obovate, subacute to obtuse, more or less lightly acuminate, 9-10 mm long, 5 mm wide, 3-veined: lip

greenish white, suffused wi th purple —. hae middle, ‘ovoid, 13- 15 mm long, 5-6 mm wide, panicare

below the middle wi th thin, smooth, erect

more or less microscopically v verrucose, “cate he margins shar denticulate, the disc longitudinally thick

ened medially and with an Pp , the base b roadly subtruncate,

inflexibl shendex: it

obtusely « winged ahaa san ‘oe te the anther, 1 rostellum and enamine the fo foot on shoot,

thick, pedestal-like.

PERU: Dept. of Amazonas: near Chac chapoyas,

Mathews s.n. (Holotype: K): Cerros Calla Calla

above 2

mountain of Chachapoyas ft., 20

Jan. 1983, R. M. King & L.E . Bishop ) 9266 (MO).

ECUADOR: Prov. of Imbabura: wet forest, Los

Cedros Reserve, = 1700 m, 21 Jan. 1993, S. Dal-

strom, T. Héijer & H Wanstorp 1710, 1723a (MO).

v. of Pichincha: western declivi of the Andes,

ocks and pecsinene alt. 7000 ft., 1848, W.

faces 678 fs W, ty = of P. fritillaria), same

collection, W. (

lante gallé, western decli orazon,

alt. 2200-2600 m, F. C. Lehmann 8200 (AMES, K,

type of P. ula, 9

between Quito and Santo Domingo, flowered in

culture 14 Feb. 1982, C. Luer 683] (SEL); road to

Malatos west est of Chiriboga, alt. 1300 m, Jan. 1989, A.

Hirtz 3960B alt. 1000 m, Feb. 1991, M. Whitten & F L Stevenson 91012: La Liberia,

alt. 2700 m, Nov. 1983, A. Hirtz 1407 (MO), west of Calacali, alt. 2700 m, 19 Mar. 1942, O. Haught

3173 (AMES, US); west of Calacali, alt. 2800 m, 4 Apr. 1985, C & P.

05

alt. 2000 m, 26 Mar. aoe. TOSS, C. Liew, A. Hirtz, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer &

1 Kui 97334 (MO). Prov. of i above Valladolid, alt. 2000 m, 18 Mar. 1984, C. Luer,

S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer, J. weer D Alessandro 9619

TA: Dept. of

COLOMBIA: arino: Altaquer, alt. 1600 m, collected by E. Valencia, flowered in cultivation at

Colomborquideas, te 1992, R. patti ty % =

a

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA

Plate 7. Pleurothallis restrepioides Lindl.

86 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This large species was first discovered by Mathews in northern Peru where it is

apparently uncommon. In northern Ecuador, however, it is frequently encountered,

especially on road-cuts where it grows with many other pleurothallids. It is less

common in southern r.

Pleurothallis restrepioides is a handsome species with large, glossy, elliptical

leaves surpassed by one or two racemes of several to many large, purple-spotted

flowers with the protruding apical half of the lip tubular from the revolute sides.

The margins of the lip above the middle are minutely denticulate, below the middle

the margins are erect, smooth and membranous.

Pleurothallis superbiens Luer, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin superbiens, “superb,” referring to the handsome flowers.

Species haec P. restrepioidis Lindl., affinis, sed li Sabie’ Wetelta che ate ae tab

£ ia

soy a: 3 “11 = PS. on

> Fr } iw 2

Plant large, epiphytic, densely Caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, to 45 cm long, with

a purple-spotted tubular sheath below the middle and 2 other purple-spotted sheaths at the base. Leaf

erect, thickly coriaceous, elliptical-ovate, subacute, sessile, to 19 cm long, 10 cm wide, rounded below at

the base. Inflareccen, ( ionally >) " 1: 2 ] SI . te. ly seve 1

fl d up t 22 cm long including tl peduncl 9-10 cm long, from a slender spathe 2 cm

long, at the b: leaf; floral t infundibular, acute, 6-7 mm long; pedicels 9 mm long below to

5 mm long near the apex; ovary 5-7 mm long; sepals cream-colored, glistening, spotted within in purple,

purp ig marg d d api » glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, acuminate,

concave, 18 mm long, 8 mm wide expanded, 3-veined, the lateral sepal te i id, acute,

acuminate, ve 17 mm long, 7 mm wide expanded, 6-veined; petals oblong, obtuse, 7 mm

long, 4.25 mm wide, 3-veined; lip purple, ovoid, 10 mm long, 4 mm wide, concave below the middle

ooth, erect sides, with th id i b h iddle to fi decorved tahe_ coarce

with thin, ly

? af

Para a a SS rape ‘ F F

ae on the margins, ext 4 surface of the lip at the middle with a pair o rect, irregular

2H are ca J t bd TL . .

call, ly verrucose, the disc with a central,

-s = o rr

lonoitnainal Th ehallaw! rat, + thea L

Vwiy

tie

column-foot; column slender, semiterete below the middle, obtusely winged above the middle, 5

long, the anther, rostellum and stigma ventral, the foot short, thick, pedestal-like.

ECUADOR: Prov. of Carchi: epiphytic in forest

between Chical, alt.

ed July 1991, flowered in cultivation in blee,

GA, F L Stevenson 9]-1129-] (Holotype: MO), C.

Luer illustr. 16956. ;

This large species was recently discov-

ered by F L Stevenson in northernmost

Ecuador, and cultivated in Chamblee,

orgia. It is closely related to P. restre-

pioides which is common a short distance

to the south. Pleurothallis Superbiens is

distinguished by the larger, broadly ovate

leaf round at the base, and with Similar,

obtuse. The lip is concave below the mid- as

dle with a distinct, central, longitudinal callus that is attached to the column-foot.

Above the middle the surface of the lip is densely and coarsely papillose at the

Place where the margins become revolute. The conti .

mica tsa papillae continue below along the

SYSTEMATICS OF ELONGATIA

Plate 8. Pleurothallis superbiens Luet

88 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

REFERENCES

COGNIAUX, A., 1898. Pleurothallis roezlit. Dictionnaire ‘Iconographique des Orchidées. Plate 1.

DressLer, R. L., 1981. Harvard University Press, Cam

bridge, —,

noneenneeeen nee lassifi f th hid f: . Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.

Sonile Linea rae 1888, rs Catena +) ohermariurs 80-81.

LINDLEY, J., 1842. Pleurothallis. Edwards’ Bot. Reg. 28: Misc: 67-84.

1 Orchidacea Pleurothallis 26-32.

tome & A. 1986. Icones Pleurothallidinarum III. Systematics of Pleurothallis. Monogr. Syst. Bot. 20:

“tiation ba G. f., 1861. ys ioe Walpers Annales. a oe. 167-175.

1874. Pleurothallis laurifolia. Xenia Orch. 2:21 -23,t.

INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES

Humboldtia fritilaria 84 Pleurothallis atroviolacea 84

macrophylla 80 carpinterae 71, 72, ogi 80

reichenbachiana 80 excelsa 71, 74, Plate

roezlii 80 floribunda 82

Testrepioides 84 fritillaria 69,71, 84

Masdevallia bonplandii 82 70,71, 76, Plate 3., 80

“ —,

subgen. Acianthera 70 ose 76, Plate 4.

subgen. Crocodeilanthe janetiae 71,76, 78, Plate 5., 80

suet Teves 0, 71 laurifolia H.B.K. 80,

subgen. : laurifolia Rchb.f. 71,

subgen. 69,71, 168, 60, Pe 6, 82

sect. Effusae 69,70 ides 69, 70,71, 82, 84, Plate 7., 86

Sect. Elongatae 69, 70, 71 roezlii 71, 80,

Sect. Petiolatae 69, 70, 71

80, 82

»10 superbiens 69, 71, 86, Plate 8.

Restrepia 84

SYSTEMATICS OF THE SUBGENUS KRAENZLINELLA

GENUS PLEUROTHALLIS (ORCHIDACEAE)

ABSTRACT

, A brief history of the subgenus Kraenzlinella (Kuntze) Luer of the genus

P hallis R.Br. is given and the subgenus is described. A key to the species is

. a 2 oe 221). a ae ee 1 white drawing

given. Each species is d

and a distribution map is included for each.

New species:

Pleurothallis anfracta Luer, sp. NOV.

The first species attributable to this subgenus to be described is Pleurothallis

erinacea. It was collected by the traveler Hermann Wagener in the old province of

Ocafia in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia and described by Professor Reichen-

bach in 1855. The next species to be described is P. gigantea, from a Peruvian

collection by Mathews described by Professor Lindley in 1859 in his F olia Orchi-

dacea. Lindley (1859) recognized the relationship of these two species in section

Elongatae, and gave some thought to their constituting a distinct genus. ore

When the third species related to the above two was described by Kranzlin in

1899, he proposed a monotypic genus, Otopetalum. He was not aware of any rela-

proposed Kraenzlinella as a new

tionship to the previous two. In 1904, Otto Kuntze

name for the genus, because the name Otopetalum already existed in the Apocyna-

ceae. Pfitzer listed this species of Kraenzlinella in Pleurothallis in the addenda to

Engler and Prantl’s Pflanzenfamilien.

Collections of the variable and widely distributed P. erinacea from Central

America were described three times by Schlechter (P. muricata and P. sororia in

1912, and P. diuturna in 1922). Rolfe transferred the first two of these epithets to

Kraenzlinella in 1915 and added still another epithet for P. erinacea as Kraenzlinel-

la rufescens. In 1921, Schlechter transferred Rolfe’s K. rufescens to cnanononsip

which seemed to discourage further atlemp™ g three Sf .

Separate genus. mune

my that time, five other related species were described in ea

Seven were brought together in subgenus Kraenzlinella, ig cea

specimen collected by Lehmann over a century ago 1S described in this W

ninth species.

90 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Although Kraenzlinella as a unit is as generically distinct as are many genera of

large-flowered taxa of other subtribes, it is most easily dealt with as a subgenus

within Pleurothallis with which it can most easily be identified. All nine species

share in common a short, stout ramicaul and a longer, fleshy, sessile leaf: a race-

mose inflorescence (except for single-flowered P. shuarii) emerging from the apex

of the ramicaul at the base of the leaf, with successive, fleshy flowers; more or less

free, carinate sepals; petals more or less auriculate at the base; an unguiculate lip

with the claw often biauriculate at the hinge with the column-foot; and a slender,

winged column with a more or less hooded clinandrium covering a ventral anther

with two ovoid sn The integument of the ovary is variously ornamented with

papillae, spicules elike appendages. Of the three major subgenera of Pleuro-

thallis, Kinesnlais is more closely allied to Acianthera than to Pleurothallis or

Specklini

ge

Pp forests from southern Mexico into Boli-

via, the most common and variable species, P. erinacea, ranging nearly throughout

the distribution of the genus. Pleurothallis otopetalum occurs from southern

Colombia into Peru, P. echinocarpa occurs in Ecuador and Peru, and the other six

species are apparently confined to limited areas

Pleurothallis subgenus Kraenzlinella (Kuntze) Luer, Icones Pleurothallidinarum

III, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 15: 44. 19

Type: Otopetalum tungurahuae Lehm & Krzl., Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 26: 457, 1899. agi ig

otopetalum Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 292, 1912, not P. tungurah -&

Ety WT. a. To. We a

Sia Otopetalum Lehm. & Krzl., Bot. Jahrb, Syst. 26: 457.1 1899, not Miquel 1856, a genus in the

a Lom tungurahuae Lehm. & Kral.

rom the Greek ous, otos, “an ear,” and petalo ” i i

Sen cthigume petalon, “a petal,” referring to the auricles at the

to large in size, eres: lerattal to Hihogtaytic, carepitose, ascending to

sont Ramicauls stout, :

lpia the x games t i i i

in 1

species), snnailly Keine Minne fat the leaf, the raceme erect to

ogc strict to alert pee to

the flowers Tesupinate, produced successively, singly to a few simultaneously,

bome erect or relatively stout, terete peduncle, with a few bracts; bracts

infundibular, oblique; pedicels stout; ovary variably pubescent, spi , echinate, or with scale-like

appendag , mo inate, vari more or less ovate, multiveined, the

dorsal sepal essentially free or shortly connate to the lateral sepals, the lateral essentially free to

Saleen base; more or less ovate, acute, usually ith i I lobul t th b , often on

margins; lip thick, rigid, unguiculate, the blade oblor topes

ng to ovate, , more or less se, with or

without calli or or lateral lobes, the cla w usually deflexed, often with basal » more or less flexibly

» winged, semiterete below the the middle, more or

a?

lew coma hse the as developed into a short. thick

anther, rostellum and and stigma ventral, it ples? ceca er

SYSTEMATICS OF KRAENZLINELLA 91

KEY TO THE SPECIES OF SUBGENUS KRAENZLINELLA

1 Plant large and robust, mature plants 10 cm or more tall

(exclusive of the i 2

1’ Plant small, mister plants isso? cm tall

(exclusive of the i x

2 Inflorescence shorter than the leaf 3

2’ Inflorescence more or less erect, exceeding the leaf |

3 Inflorescence racemose, drooping asseeP. lappago

3” Inflorescence single-flowered.........-sssssssee P, shuarii

i Inflorescence markedly flexuous; lip spathulate Se ERSAD AHN Pont

4’ Inflorescence not markedly flexuous; lip not spathulate sone

5 Lip narrow, arcuate, without a claw or lateral ener a culo oropetalum

5’ Lip with a actee and a blade with lateral lobules ........-.--+-----ssrsssresssseeeensnsseernrrnnn™

6 Blade of the lip with acute, uncinate 10DES.....---+ssssrsessennmeerernrn™ P. siganten

6’ Blade of the lip without acute, uncinate lobes ... sr dieasieaioneenenanaieneeten

; en os peibachaaininnsions sii we os ckcenemnls meee

7 Blade o ~ = not verrucose-papills, Wi without man P. echinocarpa

saneeeneeee

eemeel?, hintonii

8 Leaves fusiform-ovoid, sessile, SEMILCTELE..nsssseacennsseneeensenesensenererrres “er aie

8’ Leaves elliptical, iolate, not semiterete... ciation

9 Floral bracts ee 5 ai onli Ss daeadaile

on ccevencsenctupencnsnTseoeeweanenien rns . hinoc

oe

ts =) close pressed; Ec

ovary about 1 mm lon eal a ” a sical pininaneaest ate P. sigmoidea

EPITHETS PUBLISHED IN SUBGENUS KRAENZLINELLA

AND LIST OF ILLUSTRATI

ae Plate 1.

Hemredhaltic entirarts Latlinccmone mater

Pleurothallis diuturna Schltr. = P. erimacea inn

Pleurothallis echinocarpa C. Schweinf. ... tage :

Pleurothallis erinacea Rchb.f. .. ak nen a orn

Pleurothallis gigantea Lindl. oe eet

Ficerothaiiis hintonii LO. Wisner ——-

Pleurothallis Lappago Luer ....-.-sece-sene

Pleurothallis muricata Schitr. = Pp. erinacea meen

Pleurothallis otopetalum SCHItT....---0ernser

ficamens oon sig Schl. = 3 - CR 8.

eurothallis shuarii Luct .........------ 0" cores ae ;

Pleurothallis sororia Schltr. = P. erimacea

92 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Pleurothallis anfracta Luer, sp. nov.

Ety.: From the Latin anfractus, “bent, or crooked,” referring to the Biase rachis.

agar cn apeoeiaarhiey meus thachidi valde f fractiflexa, palis p tali qt camosis

Plant medium in size to large, terrestrial, shortly repent, the rhizomes stout, 0.5-1 cm long between

ramicauls; roots coarse. Ramicauls stout, erect, 2-5 cm long, enclosed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths, Leaf

ered

at the base of the leaf, with a spathe ca. 5 mm long; floral bracts oblique, acute, conduplicate, 5-7 mm

long; pedicel 2 mm long; ovary smooth, 6 mm long, with numerous, minute, crystalline deposits; sepals

thick, fleshy, mottled with dark brown, 1, narrowly triangular, acute, the dorsal -_ minutely ciliate, “A

20 mm long, 4 mm wide, lateral ls for 1 mm lateral sepals 19-

mm long, 3.5 mm wide, carinate, sulcate within, connate 1 mm at the base, sabia eg

in bro inutely pubescent, narrowly ovate, narrowly acute, it conte, Tean do,

with an ill-defined lobule on the lower margin at the base; lip spathulate, iy with brown, 11 mm

ste gt aera acs wide below the middle, the blade longitudinally bicarinate, the

ist f elli 1 i ciliate, 5.5 mm long, with a se of minute uncinate, mar-

gna lobules a th junction with the law the daw w ill-defined, not decurved, 1.5 mm mm long, with a pair of

t, winged above the middle, long-denticulate at the apex, 5

mm long, the foot stout, 2 mm long.

COLOMBIA: Dept. of hayes terrestrial on lightly

shaded slopes near Santa on Rio Cabrera, alt.

1500 m, 8 Jan. 1883, F.C. pista 2388 (Holotype:

G).

This species is known from only the

original collection by Consul Lehmann in

a remote area in Colombia in 1883. The

specimen lay among his collections of

indeterminates” néva. The species

is easily recognized by the stout ramicauls

shorter than the fleshy leaves, and a tall

peduncle bearing an elongate, markedly

zig-zag raceme.

Lehmann described the color of the

flowers as “dark black-brown.”’ The

Sepals are fleshy and narrowly acute, The

narrowly acute petals are barely

at the base. The demarcation between the

spathulate blade and the non-decurved claw of the lip is obscure, but marked by; a

minute pair of uncinate lobules. The claw i is biauriculate at the base.

Pleurothallis urothallis echinocarpa C. cant hilppe ii Mus. Leafl. 10: 179, 1942.

Ety.: From the Greek ec: ¢ a hedgehog,” referring to the capsule.

Plant small to medium in epiphytic, caespitose; roots - Ramicauls stout, terete é

terete, erect, 1-

3.5 cm long, enclosed atthe base by? 5 ig arse OH coarse Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, e

a kee sisea sat las ese -eaeinaeat Inflorescence a

loose, ssively racem t to 16cm

SYSTEMATICS OF KRAENZLINELLA

94 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

teret Seretiot Reabee from the apex of t 1 at the b f the

ra including the a, ‘4 | , acute, “compressed, mt mm long; petticel +

den I echinate, 5- ] Is fl reddish green, thicken

coe — ovary ! te, acute, cucullate, 7-8 mm long, 3.75-4 mm =n 9-veined, essen-

tially lateral ‘pi bare! connate at at the base, ovate, oblique, acute, 8-9 mm long, 3.75-4 mm

biog icone tall- nid cute, 5. mm long, ES mm

7 2

L 1 th f b th sid t th

eel column-foot; li iculate, the blad te, 5 5-6 mm Tong. 2 mm se the oe narrowly

truncate tridenticulate, th lateral gi lichtlvi gu ir of

longitudinal calli, the claw decurved, 1 mm long lobules at either side of the

base; column stout, semiterete, TFs Gan eee, ora Sten ee

PERU: Dept. of Hudnuco: Muiia, in dry woods, alt.

2150 m, 23 May-4 June 19s J. F. Macbride 3969

: AMES;

ECUADOR: Prov. of eae Las Juntas near Loja, alt.

1600-2000 m, F.C. Lehmann s.n. H.K.1331 (K), C.

Luer illustr. 14911. Prov. of Zamora-Chinchipe:

Quebrada Honda south of — alt. 1800 m,

Aug. 1985, D. D'Alessandro 474 (MO).

This species is apparently rare, known

from very few collections, the first in the

oe century by Consul Lehmann in

thern Ecuador. A much later collection

ca Peru by MacBride was described by

Schweinfurth. In habit it is similar to a

small plant of P. erinacea or P. otopeta-

lum: short, stout ramicauls bearing a thick,

fleshy, sessile leaf. It is distinguished by

an elongating inflorescence producing

small to medium-sized flowers; large,

markedly echinate ovaries; thickened

sepals tall-carinate toward the apices;

acute petals inconspicuously biauriculate

at the base; and an unguiculate, channeled

lip

>

i erinacea Rchb. f., Ae 7 = 72,1 1855.

Ety.: From the Latin erinaceus, “the gehog,”’ referring to the bristly ovary.

Syn.: Humboldtia erinacea (Rchb. a ce 2h Gen. Pl. 2: 667, 1891.

Syn.: Pleurothallis muricata Schltr. » Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 10: 293, 1912.

Ety.: From the Latin muric, muricatus, “‘muricate,” ” referring to the ovary.

Syn.: Pleurothallis sororia Schltr. » Repert. Spec. Nov. mip 10: 294, ice onigaaal 1920.

Ety.: From the Latin so rorius, “ike a sister,” referring to the similarity to

Syn.: Kraenzlinella muricata (Schitr.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 23: 326, 1915.

Sy; Kraenzlinella rafescens Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 23: 326, 1915 » nomen nudum; Bull. Misc. Inform.

Syn.: Kraenzlinella sororia (Schitr.) Rolfe, Orchid Rev. 23: 326, 1915.

Syn.: RNR ner OR » Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 9: 142, 1921.

Syn.: Pleurothallis diuturna Schitr., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. Beih. 17: 19, 1922.

Ety.: From the the Latin diuturnus, “ -lasting,”’ referring to the inflorescence.

SYSTEMATICS OF KRAENZLINELLA 95

Plate 2. Pleurothallis echinocarpa C.Schweinf.

96 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plant medium Pama in size, epiphytic, v Ramicauls

stout, terete, erect, 2.5-6 cm long, enclosed aoe 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. ier see thickly

caieowns, lipscaloven acute, a oe 2-4.5 cm wide, cuneate below into

ile b lexuous, successively several- to many-flowered

raceme with promi t , to 40 cm long including i few-bracted peduncle 10-18 cm long,

from the apex of th icaul at the base of the 1 f, witha spate 0.5-2 cm long, 1 to 4 flowers open

ib] compressed, 10-22 mm long; pedicel 10-15 mm long; ovary

densely echinate, 2mm pases sepals ‘fleshy, yellow, more or less lightly veined i “ = or brown, tall-

culate, 10-18 mm long, 5-7 mm wide,

to 9-v essentially free, the lateral sepals free or barely connate a the base, ee "oblique, acute,

Pet dit 4-5.5 mm wide, 5- to 7 , narrowly ovate, acute, 7-10

a it 1-2 mm wide, with an orange lobule on n the margin of both sides at the base, the lower lobule

on the column-foot; eg thick, Hine i are orange to orange or yellow, the blade

ovate, ca pai long, 2. 5-3 mm pair of minutely serrated lobules at the

claw, ith ti d iddl , the di apill YVlsieeyrVow with a

low pair of calli below the middle, the claw ace, 2 mm long, with a pair of lobules at the base;

column der, winged above the middle, semiterete below the middle, 6 mm long, the

-green, slen

apex cucullate, the foot stout, 2.5 mm long.

MEXICO: without locality, “Fenia,” C. A. Purpus 307 (AMES).

BELIZE: District of Cayo: Rio de La Flor, alt, 1700-2000 m, 3 June 1973, T. B. Croat 23747 (MO); road

to Millionario, alt. 600 m, 9 Mar. 1980, B. R. Adams 234 (K); Camp 32, British Honduras-Guatemala

survey, alt. 2700 ft., 10 May 1934, W.A. Schipp 8-847 (AMES

UA

GUATEMALA: nts of Alta Verapaz: epiphytic near Coban, alt. ca. 1350 m, May 1907, H. von Tiirck-

heim II, 2392 (AMES, type han muricata), between San Cristobal and Chixoy, alt. 1200-1300 m, 19

ge 1942, J. f Sicyermark 43883 (AMES); Chixoy, near Coban, collected by O. Mittelstaedt, flowered

eb. 1990, C. Luer 14609 (MO). Prov. of Baja Verapaz: near Purala, alt. 1500

m, m, 10 May 1882, EC phlei 1466 (G). Prov. of Zacapa: Sierra de Las Minas, 9 Feb. 1942, J. A.

Steyermark 43738 (AMES).

HONDURAS: Dept. of pang S908 Siguatepeque, alt. 3700 ft., 19 Jan. 1933, J. B. Edwards 353

(AMES); Rancho Grande, alt. 3500 m, The 1933, J. B. Edwards 34 3 (AMES, K). Dept. of Cortez:

ramen Ae alt. 2000 ft., 5 J Jan. 1934, J. B. Edwards 636 (AMES, K). Dept. of Yoro: Yoro, J. B.

651 (AMES),

NICARAGUA: Prov. of ae. between teem Grande and ge La Fundadora, alt. 1720 m, A.

Heller 1671 (SEL); between El Greco and El Rob ar, alt. 900 m, A. Heller 3988 (SEL). Prov. of Mata-

= Santa Rita, alt. 1440 m, A. ‘Heller 9139 a Cerro Buena Vista, alt. 1440 m, A. Heller 4306

COSTA xan Bo raers locality, A. R. Endres 56 (W). Prov. of Cartago: near Finca Las Concavas, alt.

1200-1300 m, 7 Dec. 1925, P. C. Stand, tandley 41502 (AMES); Lankester’ s lagoon, alt. 4500 ft., 22 May

1928, H. E. ‘Stork 2140 ee in the forest of Rancho Flores, alt. 2043 m, 15 Feb. 1890, H. Pittier

ro op of P. sororia,

é ae . Prov. of Ve _— a -

go, alt. 500-700 ft, C. W. Powell 172 (AMES, type of v- of Veraguas: near Santia

COLOMBIA: Dept. of de Santander: Agua de Ls Voce near Ocafia, H. Wagener s.n. (Holotype:

W; Isotype: KD of Taina: - Schmidtchen s.n. (W). Dept. of Narifio: Panga am Soto Ma’ ayor, F.C.

Mie tee, i ‘Wi nage oom wered in cultivation, Lans, berg s.n. (W). Edo. Bolivar: Santa Elena

tro Muypiapé, m, E. Rutkis 125 (VEN). Edo rtada abo

spe maspansig Mar. 1955, G.C. K. Dunsterville s.n. ue bee iat

AME: forested lower slopes of Juliana ana Top, north of Lucie River, alt. 500-600 m, 14 Aug. 1963,

oa Irwin, G.T. Prance, T. R. Soderstrom &N. Holmgren 54783 (AMES). an vi

Segre R: without out locality, “Quebrada P. ” 24 Dec. 1876, E. Andre 4653 (K). — bes ee

tet Yansasa, alt. | 1000 m, May 1985, D. D’ Alessandro 462 (MO). Prov. of Morona-S

Cutucti, new road east t of Mendez, alt. 1000 000 m, 5 Feb. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer eary Hints 12657

(MO). ele ike Ti 2000 m, :

en OL bee perro pad flowered in cultivation by Sander & Sons, St. Albans, 14 Oct. 1915 L. Forget

n. rans Fe genping Dept. of Cuzco: Quispicanchis, Cadeno, alt. 102 020 m, 29 July 1946, C.

Pe: / » Herb. as). Dept. of Junin: Pichis Trail, alt. 1400 m, 28 June 1929, E. P. Killip

- C. Smith 25437 (AMES, NY, US); Tarma, road betw een La Merced and alt. 700-1000

.E. Bennett & A, 3452 (MO); Cordillera Azul, alt. 1450 m, 1 Nov. 1986, D. E.

Bennett & A. Bennett 3719 (MO). Dept. of San Martin: Chachapoyas, 1846, M. Mathews 88 (G).

rm : Dept. of Santa Cruz: without , collected and and cultivated by Luis Moreno in Santa Cruz,

wered in cultivation, 10 Feb. 1980, C. Luer 5197 (SEL).

Ss

SYSTEMATICS OF KRAENZLINELLA

Plate 3. Pleurothallis erinacea Rehb

98 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

This robust species is relatively frequent and widely distributed at relatively low

to moderate altitudes in the forested mountains from southern Mexico into Bolivia.

Although not recorded from Peru, it must certainly occur there. Throughout this

wide range, it is somewhat variable in size and minor details of the flowers. It is

characterized by the short, stout ramicaul and large, fleshy leaf; an elongating in-

florescence producing large flowers continuously for as long as a year or longer;

echinate ovaries; yellowish, sepals tall-carinate toward the apices; acute petals

biauriculate at the base; and an unguiculate, verrucose lip with erose lobules at the

base of the blade.

Pleurothallis gigantea Lindley, Folia Orchidacea 28, 1859.

Ety.: From the Latin giganteus, “gigantic,” referring to the size of the plant.

Syn.: Humboldtia gigantea Kuntze, Rev. Gen. PL 2: 667, 1891.

epiph Ramicauls stout, erect, 3-4 cm

long, enclosed cl by 2 2-3 thin, loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, aye esate

subacute to obtuse, 10-15 cm long, 2-2.5 cm wide, cuneate below into the sessile base.

loose, distichous. y , up to 30 cm long including os

sou, fw brcted peace ca 1 15 cm long, from th f th ical at tt f, with a

sae » oblique, acute, 10-15 — ase posi 58 mm lag. vase

sely papillose,

12-14 mm long, 5.5 mm wide, ryan pahoeralctaam ri with the lateral lateral sepals, the aa

sepals —— free, ovate-triangular, oblique, acute, 15 mm tg mm wide, 3-(4-) veined, tall-

carinate, the carina undulate-erose; petals oblong, acute, ee mm wide, with a lobule on the

margin ofboth sides atthe base; lip thick, unguiculate, the blade ov ate, obtuse, 7 mm long, 2.75 mm

the disc with ir of calli, the

claw lightly dec 1, 2mm long, with late lobules at the base; column stout, winged

‘i Pg, lg ai SP PS stout, 2 mm

Erratum

Icones Pleurothallidinarum XI

by Carlyle A. Luer

On page 98, line 3, the following sentence should be

deleted from the text: “Although not recorded from

Peru, it must certainly occur there.”

te etter tie pe

\

|

;

f

{

:

f

i

SYSTEMATICS OF KRAENZLINELLA

Plate 4. Pleurothallis gigantea Lindl.

100 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

PERU: without locality, 1833-1841, A. Mathews s.n.

(Holotype: K), C. Luer illustr. 14816

This species is apparently rare and

endemic in Peru where it was discovered

by the well-known early plant collector

Mathews before the middle of the nine-

teenth century. It probably was found in

the area around Chachapoyas where

Mathews did much of his collecting. To

my knowledge, it has not been collected

again, the only specimen known to exist

being the type-specimen in Lindley’s

at Kew.

ium at

Pleurothallis gigantea is truly worthy of its name, although equally large speci-

mens of the similar P. otopetalum have been seen. Pleurothallis gigantea is readily

distinguished by the tall-carinate lateral sepals and the acute, uncinate lobes at the

base of the blade of the lip above the claw.

is hintonii L.O. Wms., Amer. Orchid Soc. Bull. “a 69, 1940.

Ety.: Named in honor of George B. Histon, whe first collected ed the species.

Plant medium in size, epiphytic, very shortly rep e. Ramicauls stout,

arart © suberect, 0. 5-1 cm long, enclosed sed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Deaf, nig “thickly coriaceous,

fusiform-ovoid, semiterete, acute, 3-6 cm long, 7-8 mm wide, 6-8 mm deep, sessile. ——— a

4 secund, fou. seve: eral- flowered raceme, 10-18 cm long including the few-bracte

10cm long f the leaf, with a spathe 2-3 mm sate floral

bracts infundibular, 3-4 mm long; pedicel 5 mm long; ovary densely muricate, 1.5-2 mm long; sepals

fleshy, yellow, lightly veined in brown, carinate-serrate externally, the dorsal sepal ovate, subacute,

shortly apiculate, 8.5 mm long, 6.25 mm wide, 7-to > 9-veined, connate only at the base with the lateral

Pao sepals connate t the b ate, oblique, acute, 10 mm long, 4 mm wide, 3- to

: : tall-carinate; petals yellow with brown an: triangular-ovate, acute, 5.5 mm long, 1.25 mm

wide, with a bright orange, pedunculated lobule on the margin of both sides at the base; lip thick, un-

yellow, the blade ovate, obtuse, 5.5 mm long, 2.5 mm wide, wi

: cla a low culate calli

spiculate above, the claw decurved, bright orange, 2.5 mm oe with a pair of lobules at the base;

dotted with i slender. winged ib th the middle, s5

MEXICO: Edo. de Guerrero: Dist. de Mina, Chil. ila-

cayote, epiphytic in oak forest, alt. 1574 m, 16 Apr.

1939, G. — 14174 : 2

US): Cruz t Holotype: AMES; Isotype:

in bowl, alt.

ea ara

This species is endemic in seasonally

dry oak forests of Southcentral Mexico in

oe It is easily identified

i ios veo eer aa sessile

of successive flowers. The sepals are

Carinate and > the petals are bilo-

bulate at the base; the blade of the lip is

obtuse and and bilobulate: and — claw

Comrred and toe athe

101

:

Plate 5. Pleurothallis hintonii L. O. Williams

102 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

is lappago Luer, Phytologia 46: 368, 1980.

Ety.: From the Latin lappago, “a burr-bearing plant” (/appa, “a burr’’), referring to the appearance

of the plant with fruit.

Dien? ps ees eninhvti h 1 e ae ae ut:

sionally branching. Ramicauls stout t to suberect Ercan ated te 2h aie cate

re

imbricating sheaths. Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, rigid, ovate, acute to sul » more or

$l em lng, 235 nm wide, te base cies to rounded, sexe Inflorescence a

vely few p 2 Ripa cap peat ances Seabee

from the apex of th I at the base of the leaf, with a spathe 0.5-1.5 cm long; floral bracts loose.

infundibular, tee — 3; pedicel 5-7 mm long; ovary shortly and densely spiculate, 3 mm long; sepals

purp le, carinate, the dorsal sepal ovate, acute, 19 mm

long, 8.5 mm wide, 9- to 11-veined, ti free to the t : , ovate, oblig que,

acute, 22 mm > mm wide, tall inat > P tal 1 it yellow, veined in red, linear-ovate,

narrowly acute, 13 mm long, 2 mm wide, with a mi lat

base and on the lower margin at the base; adit weccee , dull white, dotted with red-purple, the

blade ovate, acute, 15 mm long, 5.5 mm wide, minutely verrucose with se serrulate margins, wg miei

pair of erect, rounded, minutely serrated calli below the middle, the claw decurved, conca’ mm long,

with a pair of lobules at the base; column green, slender, winged near the apex, acinus below the

middle, 8 mm long, the apex shortly hooded, the foot stout, 3 mm lon:

ECUADOR: Prov. of El Oro: epiphytic in cloud

forest near Zaruma, alt. 1100 m, 18 July 1979, C. H.

Dodson et al. 8435 head ag SEL), flowered in

31 Mar. 1 - Luer illustr. 5230; same

area, epiphytic in “og is epee 250-1500

m, 21 Apr. 1989. C. H. Dodson et al. 17971 (MO).

Prov. of Napo: Bermejo, alt. 450 m, Apr. 1990, A.

Hirtz 4850 (MO).

This distinctive species is known from

two widely separated localities on both

Sides of the Andes of Ecuador. It is found

growing on mossy limbs in wet forests at

relatively low altitudes. identified by the

~~ ha ape i and a thick, ovoid leaf; a

hort, drooping inflorescence of large,

ha flowers; large, burr-like Ovaries;

acute, Carinate, purple speckled sepals;

pointed petals with obsolescent basal

lobules; an ovate blade of the lip with a

Pair of serrulate carinae; and a concave,

decurved claw bilobulate at the base.

Viera Piven

lcm

Plate 6. Pleurothallis lappage Luer

104 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

aige snap sa Schltr. pet Spec. nia — Veg. 10: 292, 1912.

=: ‘bane Lehm. ‘& Kr, het ek: Sou: 26: 457, 1899, as tunguraguae, not

Ety.: Named for Volcan Tungurahua where the species was discovered.

Syn. Kraenzlinella tungurahuae (Lehm. & Krzl.) Kuntze, Lex. Gen. Phan. 310, 1904.

Plant medium to priest NY very shortly repent to caespitose; roots co occasionally

ee pean: terete, rect, 2-5 cm long, enclosed at the base by 2-3 loose, shear iene!

Leaf erect, thickly coriaceous, ed goes, subacute to obtuse, 8-16 cm long, 3-5.5 cm wide, cuneate

below into the sessile base. Inflorescence a loose, secund, subflexuous, successively several- to many-

flowered raceme with prominent bracts, to 50 cm long inclading the terete, few-bracted peduncle 15-30

cm long, f, with a spathe 1-2 cm long, | to 4 flowers

open n simultaneously; fl floral bracts oblique, acute, compressed, 10-20 mm long; pedicel 6-7 mm a

ovary muricate, a4 mm long; sepals fle fleshy, nt dotted an

te, shortly apiculate, lial mm ons, 5-6 mm al

e, obliq

r

to 9-veined, essentially free, the lat

17-2 mm long, 3-3.5 mm wide, 5-veined sa translucent yellow, dotted ie oon ae ovate,

acute, 7-8 mm long, 1-1.5 mm wide, with a lobule on the margin of both sides at the base, the lower

lobule decurrent on umn-foot; lip thick, obscurely short-unguiculate, orange, suffused with pur-

ple-brown, the blade narrowly Ss chinia, arcuate, smooth, lightly channeled, 8-9 mm long, 1.5-2 mm wide,

the apex narrowly rounded, the claw acutely decurv ed, 1 mm long, with a pair of lobules at the base;

column greenish white, slender, winged above the middle, semiterete below the middle, 6 mm long, the

apex cucullate, the foot stout, 2.5 mm long.

COM ? .

ECUADOR: Prov. of Tungurahua: epiphytic in forest

at the foot of Volcan Pcaine near Bajos, alt.

m, F. C. Lehmann 8088 (Holotype: K,

Isotype: AMES). same area, slopes of Volcan

, C. H. Dodson

2; Rio

Apr. 1985, C. Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores

oe 76 (MO); oe Puyo and Bajios, in orange

0 Dec. 1986, C. H. lea

esa 16715 M0. Prov. of Azuay: fores'

Shonay, Cuenca, alt. 1800-2100 m, 10 Oct. 1888.1 F

C. Lehmann s.n. (K). Prov. of Carchi:

crest between Ibarra and San Lorenzo, alt. 800 m, 10

Aug. 1958, C. H. aon 229 (MO, SEL). Prov. of

Imbabura: epi in forest above Guadual, Rio

Blanco, alt. 1450 m, 20 Jan. 1987, C. Luer, J. Luer &

A. Hirtz 12447 (MO).

: Dept. of Cauca: El Tambo, alt. 800 m

4 Aug. 1936, K. von Sneidern 1103 (AMES, S).

PERU: Amazonas: Bongara, near Shilla, alt.

1900 m, 8 May 1981, x Young & M M. Eisenberg 420

(MO). Dept. of Loreto: epiphytic in forest south of

Oxapampa, alt. 1800 m, 31 Jan. 1979, C. Luer & J.

Luer 384] (SEL). Dept. of Cuzco: Urubamba, Aguas

Picchu, alt. 2000 m, 24 Mar. 1987,

P. Niéfiez 7543 (MO).

This robust species is relatively frequent in the Andes from southern Colombia

into Peru. The range is entirely within the yc of the extremely similar F.

erinacea. Pleurothallis otopetalur by the short, stout ramicaul

large, fleshy leaf; an elongating inflorescence producing large flowers continuously

105

:

106 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

from large, oblique bracts for as long as a year or longer; less prominently echinate

ovaries; yellowish, sepals tall-carinate toward the apices; acute petals biauriculate at

the base; and a narrowly oblong, smooth, arcuate lip. Only the short, decruved claw

is provided with a pair of lobules at the base. The lip of P. erinacea is prominently

unguiculate with the blade verrucose and with a pair of erose lobules at the base of

the blade above the claw.

Pleurothallis shuarii Luer, Selbyana 7: 122, 1982.

ium in size, epi sho pent the rhizome stout, 3-10 mm between

Bithinre hated Ramicauls mn on ly 3-6 cm an eng, are by 3-4 loose, tubular, imbricating

sheaths. Leaf erect, dark green, thickly coriaceous, rigid, elliptical, e, 6-9 cm long, 2-

3.3 mm wide, cuneate below to the youn base. Inflorescence -! succession of solitary flowers,

borne from a spathe 1-1.5 cm long m long, pedicel 6 mm _

shaggy-pilose i 3-4 mm en spas ae dark purple from from

sea Oe fleshy, rigid, carinate 1 $ min cari

nae, the peta dl obtuse, 15 mm a 6 mm wide, tires pa the bee, the 1¢ lateral a free,

oblong -ovate, oblique, acute, apiculate, 15 mm long, 4.5 mm wide; petals spotted with a linear-

narrowly acute, 11 mm long, 2 mm wide; lip dark purple, thick, oblong-trilobed, 11 mm long,

4mm wide, the lateral lobes below the middle, i , narrowly obtuse, the anterior lobe obtuse, hese

+ th. + , trun

hinged to the column-foot; column green, semiterete, subclavate, 71 mm long, the apex shortly hooded,

the foot stout, dark purple, 2 mm long.

ECUADOR: Prov. of Morona-Santiago: epiphytic

near Misi6n Bomboiza, alt. 900 m, 4 Mar. 1982, C.

Luer & A. Andreetta 7070 (Holotype: SEL); Shuinia

Nait, ridge near Misi6n Bomboiza, alt. 900-1000 m

24 Apr. 1973, L. Holm-Nielsen, S. Jeppesen, B.

Lajtnant ¢ & B. Oligaard : 44] 9 (AAU). Prov. of

1400

m, Dec. 1991, A. A. Hirtz 5677 (MO).

This distinctive species, apparently

endemic in Jibaro country of lowland

southeastern Ecuador, has been known to

Father Andreetta for the many years he

spent at the mission. It differs in several

ways from the other species in the subge-

nus. The inflorescence is reduced to a

single flower; the petals are narrowly

triangular without basal auricles; and the

three-lobed lip is without a decurved,

auriculate claw. However, the features

that indicate the position of this species in

Kraenzlinella are: the habit with a thickly

coriaceous leaf borne by a shorter, stout

ramicaul; free, fleshy, carinate sepals;

Ovaries with transverse, spiculate appendages; an oblong, fleshy, verrucose lip; and

an elongate — sued hooded at the apex. Although unusual for subgenus

Krae. dated in other subgenera.

SYSTEMATICS OF KRAENZLINELLA

107

Plate 8. Pleurothallis shuarii Luet

108 [CONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

oidea Ames & Schweinf., Sched. Orchidianae 10: 36, 1930.

By. From the Latin sigmoideus, “curved like a sigma,” referring to the shape of the lip.

Plant small, shortly repent to caespitose, the rhizome 2-3 mm long between ramicauls;

roots coarse. — stout, erect tombe 7 mn on enclosed by 2 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf

erect, thickly coriaceous, narrowly elliptical, fus acute, more or less conduplicate near the base,

18-30 mm long, 5-6 mm 1 wide, sessile. Taflorescenes a loose, lightly flexuous, successively sovexa-

4-5 cm long, from the apex of the

ramicaul at the base of the leaf, with a spathe 2 2-3 mm | floral dibul baal

cel 4 mm long; ovary densely echinate, 1.5-2 mm long; sepals te sae green, dotted with purple,

carinate, cellular- ah e minutely ciliate, the dorsal sepal ovate, subacute, 8.5 bey bitte

4.5 mm wide, 7-veined, connate

aaabesclatte oer oh acute, 10 mm long, 4 mm wide, 4-veined, tall-carinate; petals yellow, ovate,

mm long, 1.75 mm wide, paaner serrate, with t

nie thay ick ania the blade oblong, ‘obtuse to rounded, oolkular- glandular, : i

long, 2

P Hi » the claw decurved, concave, — with a

ender, irregularly winged above

the middle, 6 mm long, the apex hooded, ra stout, 2 mm long.

COSTA RICA: Prov. of ep El Aren

vicinity of Tilaran, alt. 5 10-31 Jan. 1926,

P.C. Standley & J. Valerio 46653 (Holotype:

AMES), C. Luer illustr. 14806; El alt. 485-

600 m, 18-19 Jan. 1926, 4 C. Standley & I. Valerio

4514] (AMES); east ea ecco above e% una de

eb. 1963, L. O. Wil-

liams & . £ Williams aesho. 25490 rh Los

Aguilares, alt. 600 m, 29 Jan. 1926, P. C. Standley &

J. Valerio 46350 (AMES).

This species is endemic in the south-

central part of Costa Rica at moderately

low altitudes. Although rare today, collec-

tions of abundant specimens were made by

Paul Standley in 1926. This is one of the

very few Costa Rican species that appar-

ently had not been forwarded by Endres in

nineteenth century to Reichenbach.

Pleurothallis sigmoidea is identified

the small, thick, conduplicate, sessile

leaves and a considerably longer raceme

of successive flowers. The sepals are carinate and minutely ciliate; the petals are

pares at the base; the blade of the lip is oblong, obtuse, cellular-glandular,

at shag base and channeled medially; and the claw is decurved and

bitobulate at the

SYSTEMATICS OF KRAENZLINELLA 109

Plate 9. Pleurothallis sigmoidea Ames & C.Schweinf.

110 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

DRESSLER, R. L., 1981. The orchid: 1 hi d classification. Harvard University Press, Cam-

1993, Pt = : BT ae fh. a. eS £,

Kuntze, O., 1904, I get ie 10.

Leymann, F. C. & KRANZLIN, F, — oie oe ma 457.

Orchidacea PI erate

ily. Dioscorides Press, Portland, OR.

Linney, J., 1859. Folia

Luer, C. A., 1986. I idi y tics of Pl thallis. Monogr. Syst. Bot. 20:

44-45. *

INDEX OF SCIENTIFIC NAMES

Apocynaceae 89 Pleurothallis anfracta 89, 91, 92, Plate 1.

Humboldtia erinacea 94 diutuma 89, 91,

gigantea 98 echinocarpa 90, 91, 92, Plate 2.

Kraenzlinella 89, 90 erinacea 89,90, 91,94, Plate 3., 104, 106

muricata 94 gigantea 89,91, 98, Plate 4., 100

mufescens 89,94 hintonii 91, 1

sororia 94 lappago 91, 102, Plate 6

tungurahuae 104 muricata 89,91,

Otopetalum Miquel otopetalum 90, 91, 94, 100, 104, Plate 7.

Otopetalum Lehm. & Kral. 89, 90, 104 rufescens 91, 94

tungurahuae 90, 104 shuarii 90, 91, 106, Plate 8.

Pleurothallis 89, 90 sigmoidea 91, 108, Plate 9.

pio Acianthera ae oe ie sororia 89, 91,94

en. Kraenzlinella 89,90, 91, 1 tungurahuae 90

Pleurothallis 90

subgen. Specklinia 90

licen taiiies ani

Ps 23, | =

ill

ADDENDA TO DRACULA, LEPANTHOPSIS, MYOXANTHUS,

PLATYSTELE, PORROGLOSSUM AND TRISETELLA

ABSTRACT

Th £31 : ee i ee

species of Lepanth (Cogn.) tystele Schitr.,

Porroglossum Schltr., and: Trisetella Luer have been discovered since the most

recent additions to the genera in [cones Pleurothallidinarum. Myoxanthus affi-

noi: 1 Ss T : 1 em £ Af. h h

=: /O..bL bee \} T ner

Luer 1s re y ymy of My bogs \ ) .

The plates are numbered as continuations of their respective appearances In

Icones.

New Taxa:

Lepanthopsis dewildei Luer & Escobar, sp. nov.

I, = T 2, Hartz. sp. nov.

Platystele adelphe Luer & Hirtz, sp. nov.

i Luer & Escobar, sp. nov.

The following taxa include new species discovered in their respective bare

since the genera were revised in a previous [cones SA lacdap esata yee

lowing two new species of Lepanthopsis belong to subgenus Micro epanthes,

sinole species are added to Porroglossum and Trisetella.

‘Obstox Platystele in 1990 was far too premature, because

Obviously, the revision of a to ,

16 additional, unknown species have come to our attention in the os spore ina

the revision that contained 73 species. Four of the latter, however,

later to Teagueia. Today 85species are known. OFA

Since the revision of Myoxanthus, hydration ofa eg sisi eae

herzogii reveals that this species from Bolivia is an earlier name .

that was described from Ecuador. bed) —

An attempt has been made to keep the pees saghaae scape .

photocopies of the pages and be inserted more easly vious reviSIONS

those persons wishing to keep their revisions current.

112 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Dracula niesseniae P, Ortiz, Orquideologia 20: *: 1994. a.

eet OS this sp

Plant medium ytic, densely caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-4 cm

long, enclosed by 23 ey tubular eer Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, carinate, 16-18 cm long

including the Prete, Inflerese eee anos here, Ne acute, 2.5-3 cm wii dually narrowed

below int the petiole. Inf a multaneously 2- to 4-flowered raceme, 10-12

. aye ong, from low on the ramicaul; floral bracts,

tubular, oblique, 7-9 mm sa arate 5-7 mm long; ovary 3 mm long, lightly v verrucose, round in

dull white, , long-pubescent

cross-section;

within with scattered, cellular papillae, the dorsal ‘sepal transversely ovate, 6 mm long, 8 mm wide,

connate to the lateral for 5 mm to form a campanulate, sepaline cu cup, the apex obtuse, con contracted

into a slender, suberect, purple tail 7.5 cm long, the lateral sepals connate 8 mm into a transversely

Omm 16 mm wide, with a broad, shallow mentum, the apices obtuse to rounded,

pris sag sie with blackish brown center,

cartilaginous, obovate, 3 mm long, zs mm ' ber Lageapeed cone tee middle, , papillose beyond the middle

outer lamina rounded, minutely denticulate; lip

white, obscurely pandurate, 6 mm ia 2 mm cai, the epichile owed, camera concave, with the

: reins, traversed by 3 longi-

tudinal nal keels, th 1 gi Illus within th tip, non lane: 2mm

indisti d from the epichile, suboblong Sake aa wide, with

erect, , narrowly r rounded, Desetia angles, mag sags ntrally between a pair of plates, the concave

, semiterete, 2.5 mm long, with a stout foot 2mm

long.

ide,

IA: Dept. of Valle del Cauca: Rio Bravo,

lower zone, collected by I. Miranda, flowered in

cultivation by Andrea Niessen de Uribe at Ginebra,

May 1994, P. Ortiz 1059 (Holotype: HPUJ); same

ion, flowered in cultivation by P. Ortiz, Aug.

1994, P. Ortiz 1068 (HPUJ, MO).

species has been found recently in

lowland western Colombia. Although

reminiscent of Dracula sodiroi because of

the simultaneous flowers, it is best asso-

ciated with those species of series Parvi-

florae of subgenus Dracula.

Dracula nisseniae is most closely

allied to D. decussata which is also found

in the Western Cordillera of Colombia.

m

others of subgenus Dracula by the produc-

tion of two to four flowers simultaneously

in a suberect raceme. The flowers, long-

pubescent within, are very similar in

to those of D. decussata. The similar, narrow lips of the two plants are

characterized by three longitudinal keels in a shallowly concave epichile that is

incurved at the apex.

Dracula decussata was described from a single, cultivated plant that still lingers

in Cultivation, but without flowering. I suspect that if this plant had been cultivated

in some other growing condition, perhaps a warmer condition, it might have proved

to produce more than one flower simultaneously. Dracula nisseniae may eventual-

ly be reduced to the synonymy of D. decussata.

SYSTEMATICS OF DRACULA 13

5 cm 4 ,

Plate 108. Dracula nisseniae P. Ortiz

114 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Dracula pubescens Luer & apeiseroee, Thesonrus Dracularum A 1994.

Ety: From the Latin pubescens, “pubescent,” in yp

es + tek eraniuhic i t Ramicauls slender, erect, 3-4 cm

spacey 9-3 loose, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, thinly coriaceous, carinate, long-petiolate, 13-

se long nity the cone 6-8 cm long, the blade narrowly elliptical, acute, 2.5-3 cm wide, the

base narrowly cuneate into the petiole. Inflorescence a a loose, ee several-flowered raceme,

bome by a horizontal to to descending, sparsely bracted peduncle 10-18 em ong, from low on ramicaul;

floral bract, tubular, oblique, 5-8 mm long; pedicel 15-25 Le ar fon mm lon; croscopically

verrucose, round in cross-section; =—— dull white, intensely dotted with blackish pon especially

‘ied tes cgicns wn bere, with a long, dense » White pubescence wi within, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate,

20 mm wide, c obtuse

i broadly ovate,

contracted into a slender, erect, Sacha peopel 42-45 oxen long, the lateral sepals

oblique, 20 mm long, connate 18 mm into a broad lamina 30 mm wide, with a broadly rounded mentum,

the apices obtuse, contracted into tails similar to that of the dorsal sepal; petals white, marked with

nae, the inner lamina obtuse, denticulate, the outer lamina rounded rounded, recurved; lip pale yellow, spathulate,

9 mm long, 7 mm wide, the epichile subglobose, deeply concave, 6 mm long g, 7 mm wide, 3 mm deep,

filled with pink, radiating, branching lamellae, a. verrucose externally, the hypochile

subovoid, 4 mm long, 3 mm wide, with erect, yaya marginal angles, cleft centrally between a pair of

plates, th column white, stout, semiterete, 5 mm long, with a

stout foot equally long.

ECUADOR: Prov. of Imbabura: epiphytic in wet

forest in the Los Cedros reserve, alt. ca. 1700 m, 16

Mar. 1992, S. ect M. Reed & C. Schréder

1642 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 17273.

o

This species is apparently endemic in a

remote, wet, primary forest in northwest-

ern Ecuador where it occurs in the ex-

traordinarily rich neighborhood with many

other species of the genus: Dracula alci-

toé, D. chiroptera, D. felix, D. lafleurii, D

mantissa, D. marsupialis, D. morleyi, D.

polyphemus, D. radiosa, D. venosa, D.

vespertilio and D. woolwardiae. When

encountered, it is not found intermixed

with any of the other species. Dracula

pubescens is most closely allied D. mor-

leyi. The two taxa are of similar habit and

color of the floral parts. The flower of the

former, however, is larger with thrice

longer, slender tails, and a long, dense

within

The flowers are similar to some forms

of the Colombian D. wallisii. Other than D. morleyi, the only species with densely

long-pubescent sepals found in Ecuador is D. alcitoé and D. woolwardiae. From

them, D. pubescens is distinguished by the acute, long-petiolate leaves, and deeply

concave epichile without involute margins.

SYSTEMATICS OF DRACULA

Plate 109. Dracula pubescens

Luer & Dalstrom

ESSE That 233 cee ere

Mewes

115

9

fe,

+s

116 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Lepanthopsis dewildei Luer & Escobar, sp. no

Ety.: Named for the Arend DeWilde of Pereira, Colombia, who aie this species.

a haec L. sre vio & Dun ) affi palo dorsali ovato, sepalis lateralibus

wo differt

small, epiphytic, 2 eae roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 2-5.5 cm long, repinee

4-5 ciliate, le; orm sheaths - Leaf erect, thickly

1528 sare: 546 mm ee into a petiole 1 mm long. Inflorescence a solitary, succes

Je 6-8 mm long, P e ramicaul; floral bract 2mm

teak: dal tk aise - ovary j Fr) santa sepals yellow-orange, ee abrous, th dorsal s sepal ovate,

sei me ag eg , 2.75 mm wide, 3-ve ined, connate Se wud lateral sepals for 0.75 mm, the

lateral sepals o a. chicas, non concave wly obtuse, spreading, 5.5 mm

long, 2.25 1 mm wide, 2-veined; petals ovate in the lower third, acute, ‘attenuate, 5 mm long, 1.6 mm wide

suborbicular, rounded, with the base ly

er, the basal lobes. obtuse, surrounding | the column, 2 mm long, 2mm wide, the disc flat, non

conca 0.5 mm long, the anther and stigma

a

CT OAADIA. TY QD

ary forest wes eo rare m, 2 Jan.

1993, A. De Wilde 4436 7 es ha ly “So Luer

illustr, 16579.

This species is closely related to the

aberrant Lepanthopsis apoda, from which

it is most easily distinguished by the later-

al sepals that are not a concave synsepal,

but instead, are flat and diverging, giving

the flower a stellate appearance. The

lateral sepals of L. apoda are approximate

and form a deeply concave recess at the

base. In addition, the dorsal sepal is ovate,

not narrowly triangular, and the disc of the

lip is flat, not concave above the base

beneath the column.

_ Lepanthopsis apoda is found in a very

distribution through the Andes from

Venezuela into Bolivia, but nowhere is it

common. Almost always, only a single

plant is encountered. Lepanthopsis dewil-

dei is found abundantly in only one area in

the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia.

SYSTEMATICS OF LEPANTHOPSIS 117

Lepanthopsis dewildei Luer & Escobar

Plate 38.

118 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Lepamtbepele, Ritpectale Las Hirt, ue nov.

AJULUVEeL

1. wah*

Planta parla, ania lett, racemis f i ctis folio elliptico duplol

bliqui , petalis acutis, iabello Tate:

=o a Pan; eT ie let mrs ae Slee + Re ae

Was MIU,

Plant small, up to 8 cm tall, epiphytic, prolific; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, producing

another Famical from. the apex, 10-151 a long, enclosed by 4-5 lepanthiform sheaths, microscopically

Leaf erect, , coriaceous, ae niga arg 9- 12 ‘mm long,

3.5-4 mm wide, cuneate below into a petiole 1 mm long. I

several-flowered raceme, 15-22 mm duncle 5 ti ong Tae the apex of

the ramicaul; floral bracts 0.5 mm pe pedicels Imm nse ovary 0.25 mm long; sepals translucent

brown, glabrous, the dorsal sepal ovate, soowerge 1.6 mm long, 0.9 mm wide, 3-veined, free from the

lateral sepals, the lateral sepals free, ved, ovate, acute, oblique, 1.3 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, 1-

cea acute, 0.9 mm long, 0.3 mm wide; lip green, fleshy, cellular

glandular, obovate, trilobed above the middle, with the lobes obtuse, 1. Imm lon long, 1.1 mm wide ex; eee

tral a Laphid em ena

ECUADOR: Prov. of Esmeraldas: epiphytic in wet

forest west of Lita, alt. 400 m, Oct. 1991, A. Hirtz

206; same

o

300 m, 12 Jan. 1992, C. Luer, A. Hirtz et al.

15575 (MO).

te species, apparently endemic

in lowland western Ecuador, is another

perplexing problem that straddles the

boundary between Lepanthopsis and

Trichosalpinx. It is distinguished by the

tiny, prolific habit with lepanthiform

heaths, and with simultaneously multi-

flowered, secund racemes. These charac-

ters together with the simple sepals and

petals could agree with either genus, but

the broad, trilobed lip with a pair of basal

calli is strange to both genera. The short

column with a dorsal anther ~ an entire,

ventral stigma is strange to Trichosalpinx,

but is compatible with subgenus Microle-

panthes of Lepanthopsis.

eT ae ee ele

SYSTEMATICS OF LEPANTHOPSIS

119

a el i a a ah

Plate 39. Lepanthopsis lilliputalis Luer & Hirtz

120 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

— —_ (Schitr.) Luer, ‘spoomeiom 7: 43, 1982.

herzogii Schitr., Repe: it. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 12: ge a

a imememmotandr d

au i Peay a Phytologia 54: 385, 1983.

f M. affinis

oe

Plant medium to large in size, pt caespitose; roots coarse. Ramicauls slender, erect, 10-34

cm long, d by 5-8 long, tubular, hispidulous cicaths, Leaf exect, thickly coriacoous, v very narrow-

ly ovate, acute, 7-20. cm long, -0.7-1.5 cm wide, cuneate below ib |

congested fi fascicle of a few, simultaneous, s single flowers, at the apex of the ramicaul, the et 1-3

, ted-spiculate, 3-5 mm long, enclosing pedicel and ovary; pedicel

stout, 2-3 mm long; ovary densely short-pubescent, 1.5-2.5 mm long; sepals yellow-green, more or less

lightly as

sepal cal-ovate, obtuse, 8-9 mm long, 3- de. ral s te 1-1.5 mm at the

base, ovate, , oblique, subacute, 8 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, finely pubescent near the base; petals light

yellow, , obtuse, 8.5- oi mm long,

2.5 mm | wide above the base, 1 mm wide above the middle; lip yellow below the middle, dark purple

iP trilobed, 3 mm long, 1.75 mm wide expanded, the lateral

lobes below the middle, e erect, minutely denticulate, antrorse, subacute, the apical lobe rounded, minutely

esis the disc with a low pair of calli i converging near the center, the base truncate with a pair of

y white, stout, semiterete, 3 mm long, 1 mm

eae bidentate at the ea dete, stout, concave.

BOLIVIA: Dept. of La Paz: forest along ~oigr haga Juan), alt. 3000 m, Oct. 1911, T. Herzog 2423

(Lectotype here designated: 3). C C. Laer ‘illustr. 1 17165

ECUADOR: Prov. of Zam th of th th

2600 m, 3 Mar. 1982, C. Luer, A. Andreetta, D. D'Alessandro & S. Dalstrém 7114 ee » SEL}

south ana, alt. 1800 m, June 1982, D. D’ Alessandro 238 (SEL); east of Yanga-

na, alt. 2950 m, 22 Mar. 1985, ss Luer, J. Luer, A. Hirtz & W. Flores 10792 (MO).

This species is was first described by Schlechter from a Bolivian collection by

Herzog. Because the location of the type was unknown and because Schlechter’s

illustration and description of P. herzogii could apply to M. ceratothallis, and

because M. ceratothallis had been collected by us nearby in Bolivia, M. herzogii

was erroneously listed as a synonym of M. ceratothallis in Systematics of Myox-

anthus in 1992. An illustration of a hydrated flower from Herzog 2423 at Stock-

holm (S) reveals that it is conspecific with the recently described M. affinoides Luer

from Ecuador. Only insignificant differences exist.

Myoxanthus herzogii is distinguished by the slender ramicaul, a long, very

narrowly ovate leaf, and a few-flowered fascicle of shortly pedunculate flowers.

meee are fleshy, obtuse and densely short-pubescent externally. The petals are

above the middle, and longer than the lateral sepals. The later-

al my of the oblong lip are below the middle and antrorse with a low pair of

carina on the disc between them.

For those persons keeping Icones Pleurothallidinarum current, photocopy this

page and paste the above text over the text of Myoxanthus affinoides on page 16 of

fo IX, and paste the legend below over the legend of Plate

Plate 2. Myoxanthus herzogii (Schitr.) Luer

SYSTEMATICS OF PLATYSTELE 121

Platystele =“ Luer & Hirtz, sp. no

Ety.: From th ek ee a sister,” ref a the cl Jationship to other species

a . k Dp at 2 Wirtz affinic A 4: ae “pr gs + . » hk

: rh 745 EL 1. Sa

ee f

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Rami Ramicauls erect, slender, 1.5-2 mm long, enclosed

by 2 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, petiolate, 9-15 mm neg wraeeing 6 penets 1. a

mm long, the blade narrowly St to obtuse, Pace slats narrowly cuneate

the petiole. Inflorescence an i tn esas se re ovo ee

to’3 cm long, bome by a slender er pedunele I- -1.5 cm long, lly from th icaul; floral

bracts thin, 1.5 mm 1 0.5 sepals pale rose rose, darker toward the

base, membranous, glabrous, ciliate, with the hairs preslarnlernc remap the dorsal sepal ovate,

subacute, acuminate, 5 mm long, 1.25 mm wi de, the lateral sepals essentially free, ovate, oblique, acute,

acuminate, ate, 4.5 mm long, 1.75 mm wide, a about 0.25 mm; petals pale rose ee ite re

ith th itate, ovate, oblique acute, acuminate, 4 4mm long, | mm wide; lip

rose, i (microscopically ‘cellular), transversely cordate, obtuse, less than | mm long, 1.3 mm

wide, the disc slightly concave, featureless, the lobes obtuse, erect, embracing the column, the base

i column-foot; ae ial ao 1 mm long and broad, the

stoma bilobed, the foot rudimentary.

ECUADOR: Prov. of Carchi: plateau above Chical, alt. 1800 m, 11 Jan. 1993, A. Hirtz et al. 5867

(Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16603.

This little species is closely allied to three other species, all of which are known

from the western declivities of the Andes of Ecuador. All four species are charac-

terized by a successively flowered, flexuous raceme that surpasses the leaf for about

twice its length. Platystele adelphe i is easily remmrner from P. pubescens, P.

scopulifera, and P. ximenae by the acut p and the glabrous lip.

a ae dewildei Luer & —— sp. nov.

amed for Arend De Wilde of Pereira, Colombia,

Species haec P. calanthae P. Ortiz affinis, sed pedunculo longiore

ibus minutissime ciliatis differt.

who discovered this species.

cum racemo congesto et floris

slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 4-5 mm long, encl

by Posey er a — ee narrowly elliptical, shes —- subacute, 12-18 mm long saad

ing a petiole ca. et ei 4-5 mm wide, the base narrowly cuneate ~e

cence a congested, successively few-flowered raceme, 2-3 mm long, bre by a slender peduncle 2!

mm long, from low on the ramicaul; a ae pug

i : lucent pinkish brown, glabrous, cellular-ciliate, the dorsal

fei beeen RO mm long, 2.5 mm wide, the lateral sepals connate atthe base. ong,

Thular-

sepal o natro

acuminate, 5.5 mm long, 2.8 mm wide, petals

ae acute, 5 mm ‘omg, 2.2 au wide; lip thick, fleshy, Same , 2.6 mm long, Sam

wide, the sides indistinctly revolute, disc featureless, the base subarencato las

cent glenion on the end, firmly atta column thin,

long and wide, the anther, genni

, above Pereira, ee

Wilde 3008 (Holotype: MO

secondary mountain

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Risaralda: El — 108

forest, alt. 2150 m, hod 1992, A. De

This species is most closely allied to P. calantha. The genie spccagurhee

size and shape of the sepals and peas. bre ancamicai haere length of the leaf,

of a loose, flexuous raceme bore by a peduncle less and borne by a peduncle longer

the raceme of P. dewildei is short oy congested, rgins of the sepals and petals on

than the leaf. In addition, instead of tire, the fleshy lip is elliptical in outline in-

P. dewildei are minutely ciliate; and the thick, r

stead of obovate.

122 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

a

.

Plate 82. Platystele adelphae Luer & Hirtz

SYSTEMATICS OF PLATYSTELE 123

Plate 83. Platystele dewildei Luer & Escobar

124 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Platystele lawessonii

wessonii Luer, sp. no

ye ees in honor J. = Spsitencs ‘who anette this ——

duplolon siore, racemo

sr & & _

4 etter, Sg eee a ah petals liptici eubocutiespasion eli

yh = + oat, 1 4..1,

Plant very small, epiphytic, ip pr roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender, 1-4 mm long,

enclosed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths Leaf « erect, corinccoms, nce 5-20 mm long including a

petiole 2-10 mm long, th 5-3.5 mm wide, narrowly

cuneate below into the ea Inflorescence an erect, , subcongested, ee foxe-flonvered raceme

5-7 mm long, bome by a filiform peduncle 20-30 mm long, emerging g laterally from the ramicaul; floral

bracts thin, 0.6 mm long; pedicels 0.6 mm long; ovary 1-2.5 mm long; seals green, membranous,

without veins, the dorsal sepal broadly ovate, obtuse, concave, 0.6 mm long, 0.6 mm wide, the

lateral sepals ovate, concave, oblique, subacute, shortly acuminate, 0.6 mm long, °0. 3 mm wide, barely

connate at the base; petals green, translucent, elliptical, subacute, 0.5 mm long, 0.25 mm wide, with the

margins ciliate; lip red, fleshy, ovate, acute, cellular-verrucose, 0.8 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, the

disc disc shallowly : salon “gu the base subtruncate, firmly aide to the nig mre column-foot;

ECUADOR: Prov. of Napo: Afiangu, Rio Napo, tropical rain forest, alt. 260-350 m, 11-15 Mar. 1983, de

E. Lawesson, T. Lessoe & P.M. Jorgensen 39385 (Holotype: AAU), C. Luer illustr. 17230.

This very small species occurs in the lowlands of eastern Ecuador, where it has

been collected but once to my knowledge. The habit with narrowly elliptical leaves

is not distinctive except for the very small size. The hairlike peduncle, between 20

and 30 mm long, bears a tiny, subsecund raceme no longer than seven millimeters.

Capsules seem to be readily formed. The minute flowers are among the smallest of

the genus, the ovate, concave sepals being no more than 0.6 mm long. The petals

are smaller and subacute. No veins are visible in either the sepals or petals, but the

cells are easily visible with strong amma The lip, slightly larger than the

lateral sepals, is coarsely cellular-verruc

lehmannii Luer, sp. nov.

= Named in honor of Consul F. C. I eae 4th;

eet _— guste ellipticis petiolatis quam pedunculo breviorib emo laxe pauci-

SRS EAUES Taree motel Dgeeeee ce ndibu ae li gl bri b is ovatis acutis, petalis gran-

eerbaa: epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls e

rect, slender, 2-3.5 mm long, enclosed

by - sig sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, petiolate, 15-25 mm long including a psec 5-10

oe blade narrowly aba. ait subacute, 4-5 mm wide, narrowly cuneate below into the petiole.

a ee ly xev p tc 10 mm long, borne by a slender

long; ovary peti from tt 1; floral , 1.5 mm long; pedicels

amiga mm ne i pale yellow, membranous, glabrous , subcarinate, the dorsal —

a ae ee es. ino eopele clita ;

membranous, oak eo gare ce amg 5 shortly acuminate; petals pale ylow

e, acute,

obtuse, 3.25 mm long, 1.25 mm >» mm long, 1.75 mm wide; sais par of low, bom

PE iene 1. , calli, firmly hi th column

- o i

0.75 mm long and broad, th m4 oe oO ee ,

J

CY OMDIA.,. Tr ern Y

a y 3T™ d

June without year 7090 Hatico above Popayan, alt. 1400-1700 m, May an

’ - C. Lehmann (Holotype: Luer 00

m, October without year, F.C. Lehmann s.n. (K). K), C. illustr. 16397; same area, alt. 1500-17

a a a a

SYSTEMATICS OF PLATYSTELE

Plate 84. Platystele lawessonii Luer

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 85. Platystele lehmannii Luer

SYSTEMATICS OF PLATYSTELE 127

This comparatively large-flowered species was collected twice in the same area

of southern Colombia by Consul Lehmann in the last century. It is distinguished by

the small habit, narrowly elliptical, petiolate leaves, with the peduncle a little long-

er. The raceme is loosely and successively flowered. The pale yellow flowers are

proportionately large. The dorsal sepal is narrowly ovate and concave; the laterals

are oblique and shortly acuminate. The broad, oblique, acute petals are nearly as

large as the sepals. The lip is elliptical an shallowly channeled.

pec eet bien net Ane nov.

i Baia or ccamadt eee inflorescence.

se Pa res ii gate FE 0 p i ri rage ata

Plant small, epiphytic, densely caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, abbreviated, slender, 2-6

mm long, enclosed by 2- 3 ‘loose, ribbed, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, margined, elliptical,

petiolate, 10-20 mm long including a petiole 1.5-3 mm long, 3-7 mm wide, rounded at the apex, cuneate

below into the petiole. Inflorescence a | congested, sim imultaneously 2 to3 flowered raceme ca. ca. 2 mm long

E 7 ging y in, 0.3 mm

edicels 0.3 inate, 0.5 mm long; asobeiny concave, glabrous, the dorsal

splot, 13 mm ong 0.9 mm wide, I-veined, with the apex rounded, the lateral

oblique, 1.3 mm long, 0.7 mm wide, 1-veined, connate at

the bases petals eliptcal-oblong, acute, 2mm ons, 0.5 mm wide; lip fleshy, eo ean

mm wide, densely cellular par y sulcate » the base ———— with a gienion

; 4 L Bh ] #, + , cuculla

brond, the ‘foot rudimentary.

4 RICA: Dept. of Guanacaste: Parque Nacional Guanacaste, Estacién Maritza, primary forest,

Volcan Orosi, alt. 600 m, 2 July 1989, “INBIO” 149 (Holotype: CR), C. Luer illustr. 16511.

This species is related to the frequent and widely distributed P. stenostachya

with similarly minute flowers and an elliptical, diffusely glandular lip. Platystele

obtecta is distinguished by the broader, petiolate leaves, and an extremely abbrevi-

ated inflorescence that produces tiny racemes of what appear to have been dark

purple flowers. The racemes are hidden within the loose sheaths of the ramicauls

that will not be found unless a careful search is carried out.

var = — Luer, sp. n

ty.: ges stil illosus, * pails,” faianpion to the — —— lip.

Tani. rp llip p P qu ilongionis, racemo

7 S ; ‘- i 2s t-! See ee

- 4if1 1 ees | wate acts

Le o

l

* ec r “1 rd 1 < 5 ee, Bee

acutis ye ee | TI. ++ +,

, ir ts

Plan ium in size for the genus, epiphytic pitose; roots slender. Ramicauls erect, slender,

10-17 mm aay enclosed by 2-3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous, petiolate, 15-40 mm long

including a petiole 5-20 mm long, the blade narrowly elliptical, same to obtuse, 5-8 mm wide, nar-

rowly cuneate below into the petiole. Inflorescence an erect, stichous, flexuous, successively

flowered raceme up to 7 cm long including the slender pedun rally

the ramicaul; floral bracts thin, 1.5 mm long; pedicels 2 mm long; ovary 0.75 mm long; sepals mem-

branous, glabrous, subcarinate, the dorsal sepal ovate, concave, _ slightly acuminate, 2.5 mm long,

1.2 mm wide, the lateral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, 2. ata g, 1. 2 mm wide, connate 0.5 mm;

petals membranous, narrowly triangular, acute, 2 2 mm lon; z 2mm

long, ‘ 6 mm see densely p pap Jisc shallowly een a pair of low,

te with a c comparatively are glenion, pms hinged to the —"

pe es column proportionately large, cucullate, 0.75 mm long an d broad, the foot rudimentary.

ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Plate 86. Platystele obtecta Luer

SYSTEMATICS OF PLATYSTELE 129

Plate 87. Platystele papillosa Luer

130 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

CONT OAMADITA- Dent £C, Je Delici bove Popayan alt 3000-3500 m, without date, F.

Lehmann s.n. (Holotype: mel clans 16396; Paramo de Guanacas above Popayan, alt. boda

m, April-June without year, F.C. Lehmann A (K).

This species was discovered by Consul Lehmann in two different but nearby

paramos in the nineteenth century. Apparently it has not been recollected. It is

distinguished by the medium sized habit, narrowly elliptical, petiolate leaves, with

the peduncle a little longer. The raceme is flexuous and loosely successively flow-

ered. The flowers are very small with ovate, acute sepals and narrowly triangu-

lar petals. The shallowly channeled - is ovate, acute and densely cellular-

. The the flowers were not stated. Lehmann’s second collection

cited above was mixed with Pleurothallis jee Lindl. The color notes here seem

to apply to the latter, a much larger-flowered species.

eg: vegeta ar cohen i marge Sp. NOV.

- z

e h p Pe ee ar Ps affinis, | a ,. ee : i nalis neta

is st a: r

nu . Bethea tie Tehalli 1 peg ae

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 6 mm long, enclosed by

3 thin, tubular sheaths. caler coriaceous, caged elliptical, s subacute, 30 mm long including a

parang ca. 10 mm long, 6mm wid b slender petiole. ee ta a

the peduncle 10 mm long, from

fw onthe rami oral rat 1. saan pheaty 1- 1 5 mm n Hag, ovary 0.5 mm eae sepals

do ovate, acute,

th mm sie 1 = sodap bia the — oe ovat e, oblique, acute, lightly acuminate,

more or less approximate, 2.75 mm .75 mm wide together, petals , oblong-ovate,

oblique, acute, moar 0.5 mnwies “ip thi se shy, cellular-gl: landular, ellipti cal, obtuse, 1 mm

long, 0.6 mm om the attachment, firmly

a8. foot; column Nate 05 1g he anther, rostellum

re stigma pets

COLOMBIA: Dept. of Risaralda: Pereira, Ucumari, Regional Nature R , epiphytic on oak, alt. 1950

m, 9 Oct. 1992, A. De Wilde 326 (Holotype: MO), C. Luer illustr. 16942.

This species, characterized by a minute raceme of a few simultaneous flowers, is

superficially similar to P. schmidtchenii, but P. risaraldae is considerably smaller in

habit and size of the flowers. The sepals and petals are proportionately broader.

The lip is fleshy and elliptical with the base convex and protruding beyond the

truncate base.

131

:

7

EY ee Peerftye rer PN eT ey tee Peed One eae ee, a Sega T er e e fo a= Tee a

;

Plate 88. Platystele risaraldae Luer & Escobar

132 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Platystele steyermarkii L Luer, Sp. NOV.

s r = 454. f-}:2: 2 pei

Seocaheec F hj Rchb.f. - affinis b bu

? & _7

5 cu: + . 4 . hs = Re Soe eee

a 2 5 3 Rin & z

Plant small, epiphytic, caespitose; roots slender. Ramicauls slender, erect, 5- 10 mm long, enclosed

by3 thin, tubular sheaths. Leaf erect, coriaceous coriaceous, narrowly ellipti 15-30

mm long inclading the petiole 5-10 mm long, 3-5 mm wide, t b th

Inflk ‘| poe Acie ce, 20-23 olga

cs

fal,

ein isemion. 1 th 1 mm long; pedicels

te See Cae cay iced 05 om mm long; sepals yellow, membranous, glabrous, the dorsal —

ovate, concave, acute, 1.3 mm long, 0.5 mm wide, the late ral sepals ovate, oblique, acute, lightly acu

minate, more or less approximate, 1.5 mm mm long, 0.5 mm wide, connate 0.6 mm; petals, narrow jeilabene:

ee a a lip thick, , fleshy, cellular-glandular, ovoid, 1 mm long, 0.6 mm

ly attached to the

obsolescent

La £ i RG é nn. *. na | Ls | , the 2 ather, | armra

ad 2 -

VENEZUELA: ucre: Peninsula de Paria, summit of ridge, alt. 700-900 m, 23 Feb. 1980, J. A.

Steyermark, R. Liesner & V. Carreho 121629 (Holotype: MO: ; Isotype: VEN), C. Luer illustr. 14455.

This species, known only from a Venezuelan collection by Steyermark, is most

closely allied to P. stenostachya, but P. steyermarkii is distinguished by the rami-

cauls proportionately shorter in relationship to the leaves; a loose, flexuous raceme

of successive fl that eventually surpasses the leaf; acute sepals; and narrowly

linear petals. The lips of the two species are similar. The racemes of P. steno-

stachya are short and very congested, and never surpass the leaf in length. The

pal btu d the petal t linear.

SYSTEMATICS OF PLATYSTELE 133

8 A ae Ge SION ee EAN a Cae al ne aa ar ee eo ee

3 } - = = = eto eee Wee i ai a a a Sa ai

= i eer eee wa oe

Plate 89. Platystele steyermarkii Luer

134 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

tokachii Luer, sp. nov.

Ety.: ee eer ee Snacee WA, who discovered this species.

Dienst tosa, petiolato longiore, flore mediocri

‘sks tes pais crag bovat da brevi crassissima, sepalis lateralibus

t bl. i : dis brevib issimis. petalis subovati Satin alt ws TE tesa

ene as re aoe G3 RE ES ora Oe ee HO lic] ih Siiieaia cilindin exiles tosealt

] * sail hi h il

Plant small to

slender, 10-15 mm “a3 enclosed by 2- 3 tubular Deaths Leaf erect io suberect, rigidly coriace ous,

obtuse

few-flowered raceme, bome by an an erect, smooth, slender Learer: 8 cm ane with 3 closely applied,

distant bracts, from | mbricating, 5 mm long; pedicel 6 mm

long; ovary 3 mm long; sepals yellow, slabrous, the blade of the dorsal sepal obovate, deeply conca concave, 5

d into

mm long, 3

thick tail 2 2 mun mm long, 1 mm n thick, the lateral sepals 1 transversely oblong, 2. 5 mm long, 6 mm wide, con-

umn e broadly obtuse apices contracted

into thick tails 4 mm — hinged yellow, subovate-oblong, curved, ;" mm long, 0 0. 31 mm wide above the

middle, 1.25 mm subclavate. rounde ted with obtusely

angled margins belo middle; lip yellow, the blade triangular, red-brown coe concave, cuneate,

truncate, 5 mm long, sf eceeroagn megan angles obtuse, ciliate, the apex a short, obtuse, sulcate apicu-

lum, arcuate below # the mi iddle v with a low, — callus ,callus, with a straplike claw bent with

ap it, semiterete, 1.5 mm long, the foot

lone +h ats ban = £ 2 3

Laid ~—” = &

PERU: Dept. of Amazonas: epiphytic near Poma-

sae Ba ca. 2000 m, collected by Kenneth To-

1993, flowered in cultivation in Tacoma,

vA e ee 17036 (Holotype: MO).

This species is distinguished by the

small, spathulate, subverrucose leaves far

surpassed by the slender peduncle that

bears a succession of yellow, resupinate

flowers. The sepaline tails are short and

thick, the petals are narrow above the

middle and subclavate, and the blade of

the lip is triangular and concave.

Porroglossum tokachii is most similar

to P. dalstroemii, but the former is distin-

guished by the short, broad leaves, the

non-rotated ovary, and the low, longitu-

dinal labellar callus.

SYSTEMATICS OF PORROGLOSSUM 135

5mm

Plate 35. Porroglossum tokachii Luer

136 ICONES PLEUROTHALLIDINARUM

Trisetella dalstroemii Luer, Sp. Nov.

ém, of Falun, Sweden, who discovered this eee

Species haec T: Trisetellae vi it j fohis tis pedunculo

ovario cristato, sepalis purpurei ittati caudis ter oe sepalis later-

Plant a for the reap’ eS opus seri pete roots slender. Ramicauls aa erect, 5-7

mm prt osed by 2 thin, loose, - Leaf erect, coriaceous, narrowly obovat es

to obtuse, 30-40 mm long, 6-7 mm ae dt into an ill 1 iain . In-

florescence a congested, snecessively, ah naan raceme, borne by a slender, erect to rat

peduncle 45-55 mm long, with a ct on the lower third, from the base of icaul; floral bract

tubular, oblique, 3-4 mm long; ary 6mm lone: ovary crested, 2 mm Neate ti membranous,

, with mi y ciliate-erose margins, glabrous, the dorsal sepal transversely ovate, 4.5 mm long,

5.5 mm wide, connate to the lateral sepals for 2. 5 mm to form a gaping cup, the apex obtuse, contracted

into a reflexed, stout, yellow tail, slightly thicker in the distal half, 10 mm long, the lateral sepals oblong,

ee ee eee e4mm, — s contracted into thick tails 6-7 mm

long; petals white with red-purple midvein, oblong, truncate, obscurely tridentate, 2.5 mm long, 0.8 mm

wide, the labellar margin pin slightly s swollen; lip cana thick, s edecicalt a 3. 35 mm long, 1 mm wi

, th hemaein

above the base ded pa th hi hin tl ft; column white, suffused with

“he

purple, semiterete, 2.5 mm long, a sepiaaictenaginies selamalnaatee

ECUADOR: Prov. of Imbabura: epiphytic in wet

forest, Los Cedros Reserve, alt. 2100 m, 26 Jan

1993, S. Dalstrém, T. Héijer & H. Wanntorp 1 769

(Holotype: MO), C. Luer ilustr. 1 16584.

This species is related to the smaller T.

vittata which also occurs on the western

slopes of the Andes of northern Ecuador.

Because of the much larger size, a plant of

T. dalstroemii superficially resembles a

small Masdevalli

From the other species of the Trisetel-

la, it is distinguished by the large, broad

leaves, and comparatively large flowers

that g, thickly tailed sepals.

From T. vittata it is distinguished by the

larger habit; purple, non-striped flowers

with thrice longer tails; and proportionate-

ly larger lateral sepals.

Plate 26. Trisetella dalstroemii Luer

ae

ne

x

: bide hea, 4

ie ee

soe

Vee